23-Feb-2009-17:31

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VATECH
VATECH

A4

23/02/2009

23/02/2009

VATECH

BOURGEOIS CHRISTOPHE

VATECH

BOURGEOIS CHRISTOPHE

VALIDE EXTERNE

None

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ffi
ci

23/02/2009

FUNCTIONAL SPECIFICATION

3573035
GRD E

super user

FUNCTIONAL SPECIFICATION

CUSTOMER:

GE Energy Products France

PROJECT:

Kuraymat

Edition: 23-Feb-09
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CONTENTS
GENERAL
1.1.
CHARACTERISTICS
2. POWER PART
2.1.
CHARACTERISTICS
2.2.
FUNCTIONS
3. CONTROL PART
3.1.
CHARACTERISTICS
3.2.
ADDITIONAL CONTROL FUNCTIONS
4. REGULATION PART
4.1.
CHARACTERISTICS
5. PROTECTION PART
5.1.
CHARACTERISTICS
5.2.
SUPPLIES
5.3.
TEST FEATURES
5.4.
WATCH-DOG AND COLD TESTS
5.5.
USER INTERFACE
5.6.
FUNCTIONS
1.

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1. GENERAL
The Generator Control Panel (GCP) is used for the control of the generator and turbine for gas
unit. It is included in a Turbine Control Compartment (TCC) and it has interface to the governor
controller Speedtronic, the MCC,
1.1. CHARACTERISTICS
1.1.1. Dimensions
The equipment has the dimensions:
cubicle containing AVR, protection relay, control, and supply of the field of exciter machine
width x high x depth = 1200 x 2200 x 800 mm
cubicle containing supply of the rotor of main generator
width x high x depth = 800 x 2200 x 800 mm
1.1.2. Structure
The GCP is freestanding cubicle equipped with necessary lifting facilities. All devices have an easy
access for replacement.
1.1.3. Protection Degree
The GCP is built for indoor conditions with a protection degree IP31 according IEC Standard 144.
1.1.4. Site Conditions

Altitude:
Temperature:
Humidity:
Pollution:
Acceleration:

max. 1000 m
max. 40C
80 %
no
0,2 g horizontal

1.1.5. Painting
Interior metal surfaces has the painting with two coats of RAL7035 30 m total
Exterior metal surfaces has the painting with two coats of RAL 7035 70 m total

1.1.6. Power Supplies

Following power supplies are connected to the GCP:

125 Vdc (1) supply for the regulation, protection, control and sequences
125 Vdc (2) supply for the forcing unit
125 Vdc for unit breaker command channel 1
125 Vdc for unit breaker command channel 2
125 Vdc for line breaker command channel 1
125 Vdc for line breaker command channel 2
230 Vac plug supply

A power supply fault contact of 125 Vdc (1) is given to the SPEEDTRONIC equipment.
1.1.7. Measurements
The GCP is connected to measurement transformers with rated secondary circuits of 1 A and 110
V , three phase measuring for CTs and PTs.
The rated frequency is 50 Hz.
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2. POWER PART
Generator excitation system is supplied from MCC via a three-phase dry type transformer. The
voltage for the supply of the field of the exciter machine is rectified through a three-phase full wave
rectifier bridge. Static frequency converter which supplies the stator of the machine during the start
up phase of the machine requires current controlled field for the rotor of the main generator. During
this period called as SFC start, the current for the rotor of the main generator is rectified by a
separate three-phase half wave rectifier bridge.
2.1. CHARACTERISTICS
Excitation maximum capability:

Exciter field current, normal operation:

Ceiling current:
Ceiling time:
Excitation supply, normal operation:
Rotor excitation current, SFC start up
Excitation supply, SFC start up:

20 A
32 A
10 s
280 V / 50 Hz
400 A
90 V

2.2. FUNCTIONS
2.2.1. Starting Condition
2.2.1.1 SFC Mode
The static frequency converter is designed to start the gas turbine using the synchronous
generator in motor mode. During start up sequence, the SFC energizes the generator terminals
with variable voltage and frequency, the machine is acting as asynchronous motor. As soon as the
gas turbine reaches its self sustaining speed (84% of rated speed) the SFC is disconnected. The
gas turbine accelerates the machine to the rated speed.
The SFC Mode can only be enabled in case of opened field breaker with excitation start command
coming from SFC. The enabling of SFC Mode switches the thyristor pulses to the SFC starting
bridge and brings the down command for the brushes in case of readiness of the excitation, the
auxiliaries of the brush control and the SFC. After reaching of the down position for the brushes the
sequencer gives the on command for the field breaker on the primary side of the excitation
transformer. The contact coming from field breaker allows the enabling of the gate pulses and the
rotor current is controlled with a P controller in accordance to the set value coming from SFC.
2.2.1.2 Generator Mode
Following conditions must be fulfilled
Field breaker permissive to close command coming from Speedtronic
Field breaker command from Speedtronic, after reaching of the speed limit
No tripping order

In addition to the starting conditions the voltage regulator must be available, so the closing order
causes the closing of the field breaker and increase of the stator voltage up to automatic channel
set value.
2.2.2. Forcing System
The voltage coming from MCC feeds the excitation power circuit. A possible voltage drop during
changing over from the MCC supply to the client supply has to be prevented by the forcing circuit,
which is activated for a short period. The forcing circuit takes its energy from battery. The forcing is
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stopped as soon as the changeover is finished. The forcing is validated only when the excitation
breaker is closed and the generator is online.
2.2.3. Unit Breaker Closing
The unit breaker closing command is created in the GCP. It is initiated from automatic cahnnel
activated by the automatic synchronization, which is implemented in the governor controller.
2.2.4. Unit Breaker Tripping
Two separate channels (unit breaker tripping coil 1 &2) realize the unit breaker tripping. The
Speedtronic equipment gives the power supply polarities. The tripping can be issued by the
Speedtronic, the generator protection system or manually inside the GCP.
2.2.5. Stop
The field breaker opening is allowed only if the unit breaker is open to avoid the generator from
running under asynchronous mode. With a trip of the excitation system a tripping order is given
which opens the unit circuit breaker.

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3. CONTROL PART
The control part has following functions:
Logic and analog signals transmittal
Serial link for Modbus communication

3.1. CHARACTERISTICS

CTs input:
PTs input:
Frequency:
Supply voltage:

1A
110 V
50 Hz
125 Vdc

3.1.1. Display and Local Control

The display and local control is realized through serial link on the turbine controller HMI.
3.2. ADDITIONAL CONTROL FUNCTIONS
Analog indication instrument for excitation field current and excitation field voltage
4-20 mA Analogue Signals:
for following physical values
active power P
-11 - 110 MW,
reactive power Q
-40 -+100 MVAr
stator voltage U
0 - 13,8 kV
stator current I
0 - 5,5 kA
frequency f
45 - 55 Hz
power factor p.f.
0,5 lag 0,2 lead
4-20 mA Analogue Signal:
for excitation voltage
for excitation current
Dead bus coupling
Active & reactive energy meter (cl. 0,2)

4. REGULATION PART
The regulation part has the function to regulate the generator stator voltage by adjusting its field
current. The current controller permanently controls the excitation field current.
The regulation system functions are to

Adjust the generator stator voltage

Be active for the stability of energy evacuation to the grid
Have a good response time on troubles
Keep the generator in its stability area

4.1. CHARACTERISTICS

Set point range:

Regulation accuracy:
Active load compensation:
Reactive load compensation:
Field current permanent limitation:
Ceiling current limitation:
Frequency range:
Structure of voltage regulator:

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90 % 110 % of rated voltage

better than 0,5 %
0 20 %
0 20 %
110 % rated field current
160 % rated field current for 5 s
10 330 Hz
two control loops in master-slave connection
master: PID-characteristic (AVR)
slave: P(I)-characteristic (field current)
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4.1.1. Automatic Voltage Regulator

The regulator and gate-control unit GMR3 is a multi-processor voltage regulator which comprises a
complete voltage regulator with limiters and additional regulators, the firing circuit for single-phase
and three-phase operation and the logic control that is necessary for the proper operation of an
excitation system.
The system comprises 4 processors, digital and analogue in- and outputs, a processing card to
convert the actual values of the machine and pre-amplify the gate pulses.
4.1.1.1 Operating Principle
The voltage regulator consists of two control-loops in master-slave connection. The master is a
voltage regulator and controls the generator voltage dependent on the automatic channel setvalue. It has PID-characteristic with an internal integrator-stage feed back. The slave is a field
current regulator with P(I)-characteristic. Due to this double loop structure high control speed and
stability at all operation modes and loads will be achieved.
The actual values are isolated by matching transformers and prepared for processing by the
subprocessors.
4.1.1.2 Scope of Program
The software comprises the operating system and the regulator program with the setting
parameters for the main processor board and the different sub-programs for the sub-processor
boards.
The operating system provides input and output conversion, coordinates the sequence of the
regulator program, the data exchange to the sub-processors, and enables communication with the
regulator via a serial interface.
4.1.1.3 Main features of the microprocessor system
Voltage regulation (master, automatic operation) to an adjustable voltage set value, using a field current
loop (slave)
Field current regulation as manual operation
Manual and automatic smooth change-over between automatic and manual operation
Active and reactive load compensation
Load angle limitation
Over fluxing limiter
Stator voltage limitation
Maximum field current limiter (undelayed), to limit the maximum possible short-time ceiling current
Maximum field current limiter with time-delay depending on the over current (inverse time
characteristic),to limit the continuous admissible field current
Diode failure supervision
Forcing sequence
Softstart for excitation start-up
Test switch on the gate-control board for tests with open loop regulation circuits
Stator current limitation
Power System Stabilizer (PSS)
Modbus

All facilities for adjustments and settings of the AVR are part of the software. Thus no
potentiometers are used.
4.1.2. Field Current Regulator (Manual Operation Mode)
For manual operation the current loop of the regulator is used to control the field current dependent
on the manual operation set value. The manual set-value is also part of the software and no
potentiometer is used.
To increase the reliability no limiters are acting in this mode.
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4.1.3. Auto Tracking and Transfer between Automatic and Manual Mode
A change over from voltage regulator (automatic mode) to field current regulator (manual mode)
may be done manually or automatically. If the voltage regulator part fails, control is transferred
automatically to the manual mode (failure of the actual generator voltage).
The transfer from manual to automatic mode can be done manually only.
A follow-up regulator allows the smooth change over from one mode to the other without balancing
(no balancing meter needed). If any case of manual operation (field current regulation) the actual
set point exceeds the setting range of the AVR; a switch over to automatic mode is blocked.
4.1.4. Operation, Monitoring and Digital Sequencer
In the system GMR3 sequencing and monitoring is an integrated part of the software thus having
the same reliability as the voltage regulator.
For sequencing, monitoring and alarm indication the following features are provided:
Digital sequencer for correct start-up and shut-down procedures of the excitation system, including
switching of all necessary contactors
Input, output signal processing (potential-free interface to other systems)
Supervision of excitation, including alarm and/or trip outputs
Operation and monitoring unit for local operation from the excitation panel (excitation ON/OFF; setpoint
RAISE/LOWER; pre-selection of operation mode; reset of alarms) with feedback indications
This operation panel consists of a Touch Panel for the indication of status signals and measurement
values
All alarms of the excitation system are stored and indicated on the display of the local monitoring unit in
the sequence of their occurrence.
Various generator quantities are indicated on the display of the local monitoring unit:
Generator voltage, Generator current
Field current
Active power, Reactive power, Power factor

5. PROTECTION PART
The protection part has the function to protect the generating unit composed of:

turbine
generator
unit transformer
auxiliary transformer

The protection system includes the necessary treatment, interface display and control for the trips
and alarms initiation.
5.1. CHARACTERISTICS

CTs input:
PTs input:
Frequency:
Supply voltage:

1A
110 V
50 Hz
125 Vdc

5.1.1. Event & Fault Records

Event records are generated whenever there is a protection function operation, energization of a status
input, operation of an output relay or any hardware failure.
The record consists of the date and time of the fault, the state of inputs, relay outputs and protection
functions together with the measurement values during the fault.

Edition: 23-Feb-09
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5.1.2. Disturbance Recorder

The disturbance recorder can be triggered from selected relay outputs or internal status. They are stored in a
non-volatile memory. Necessary software is included for fault analysis.

5.2. SUPPLIES
The necessary internal supplies required for the protection need is taken from the available power supply.
This supply is protected and monitored.

5.3. TEST FEATURES

A dedicated test function is included to allow routine maintenance and fault finding operations.
Available tests:

input check
output check

logical treatment check

The protection relays are designed to allow such tests without initiating any trip.
5.4. WATCH-DOG AND COLD TESTS
Cold tests are carried out by the relay when it is energized. These tests include checks on the timer,
microprocessor, memory, and inputs.
Continuous self-monitoring, in the form of a watchdog, memory checks and analogue input module tests, is
performed. In case of a failure, the relay will either lockout or attempts a recovery, depending on the type of
failure detected.
If a protection minor fault is detected (i.e. the protection may work properly), a signal is sent to a buzzer
implemented in the cubicle.
If it is a major fault, a tripping signal is given to the system.

5.5. USER INTERFACE

A local user-friendly menu permits the access to the protection parameters. A local display shows
the set parameters. A remote access user interface is available from a PC.
The relay interconnection is possible by RS232 port for remote relay interconnection.
A local parallel port is dedicated to the print function.
5.6. FUNCTIONS
The protection includes the following functions:

87G, Generator differential

51V, Overcurrent voltage restrained
46G, Negative phase sequence overcurrent
59G, Overvoltage
27G, Undervoltage
81G.U, Under-Frequency
81G.O, Over-Frequency
32G, Reverse power
24G, Overfluxing
40G, Underexcitation
64G95, 95% Stator earth fault
64B, Cable earth fault
78G, Out of step
60VTS, Balance voltage
21G, Under impedance
50BF, Breaker failure
50/27, Inadvertent energization
87B2, 2 branches block differential

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 64REF, Restricted earth fault

50/51T, Main transformer overcurrent
Protection redundancy

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