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CompetitiveExams:IndustrialSociologyExamrace

whatisandindustrialsociology?Andwhatisitsscope,alsonarratevalueofindustrialsociologyinIndia.
Answer:Industrialsociology(alsoknownassociologyofindustrialrelationsorsociologyofwork)isthestudyoftheinteractionofpeople
withinindustryitincludesthestudyofbosssubordinate,interdepartmental,andmanagementtradeunionrelationships.Moreover,on
amacrosociologicalscale,itisthestudyoftheimpactofindustrializationonwholesocieties.Insustrialsociologyisafieldofapplied
sociology,andhasgrownmainlyoutofinterestsinsuchissuesasproductivity,motivation,andunionization.Socialagyisastudyofthe
humanracethatdealswithsocialreleationshipsandtheeffectofexternalfactorslikegeographicallocation,educationlevels,typesof
thejobsandindustrialdoesandsoon:
SCOPE:Industrialsociologyattemptstofusetheconceptofsociologywiththesocialrelationshipthatexitintheworkorganizationand
includesthoseeconomicorganizationswhosesoleaimintheprovisionofgoodsandservices.Ittookquitesometimeafterthebirthof
sociologyforthesubspecializationofindustrialsociologytodefineinvolvedintheeconomicorganizationandtheeffectofthegrowth,
andspreadofindustry,onthechangeofsocialstructure.

ValueofindustrialsociologyinIndia
Indiaexperiencedindustrialrevolutionnearlyacenturyafterthewest.
1. Knowledgeofthelabourclass:Problemofurbanizationthelabourclasshasitspeculiarstatus,roleandproblemsinurbansociety
thesemustbeunderstoodandsolved.Thisrequiresknowledgeofindustrialsociety.
2. labourwelfare:Labourwelfareandlabourlegislationrequiresandunderstandingoftheconditionoftheindustryandlabour.The
presentdayindustrialsocietyrequireslabourwelfare,whichpresupposesscientificknowledgeinthisarea.
3. Problemsofurbanization:Urbanizationistheprocessinwhichthenumberofpeoplelivingincitiesincreasescomparedwiththe
numberofpeoplelivinginruralareas.Acountryisconsideredtobeurbanizedwhenover50%ofitspopulationlivesinurbanplaces.
Becauseofurbanizationinindiastartedcreatingproblemsofhouses,overcrowding,highcostofliving,unsanitarylivingconditions
andslums.
4. Solutionoftheproblemsofindustrialization:Industrializationiscloselyconnectedtourbanproblems.Thestudyofindustrialsociety
isanecessarypreludetothesolutionoftheproblemsofindustrialization.
5. Divisionoflabour:Whenoneobservesthepresentchangesinsociety,therevaluationandreorganizationofthedivisionoflabouris
necessaryforharmonybetweendifferentclasses.InIndiadivisionoflabourhasbeenrationallybaseduponcast.
6. Helpinfamilyreorganization:Industrialsociologyparticularlystudiesurbanandindustrialfamilies.Itrequiresintocausesoftheir
disorganizationandsuggestsremedies.ThereforeinIndiaindustrialsociologymayhelpinpreventingfurtherdisorganizationof
urbanandindustrialfamilies.
7. Economicprogress:InIndiatoday,onehearsslogansaboutremovingpovertythroughouttheland.Thisrequiresindustrialprogress
evenmorethanprogressinthefieldofagriculture.
8. Socialwelfare:Themodernstateisawelfarestate.Thepoorandthedegraded,sincethesesectionareunabletorealizetheir
welfare.Thesocialwelfarerequiresdirectionfromindustrialsociology.
9. Developmentoflabourorganization:aremedytoindustrialdisputeisthedevelopmentofindustrialorganization.InIndialabour
unionsaremoreinvolvedinplayingpoliticalgamesthanlabourwelfare.
10. Helpinrationalization:Beingbackward,fromthescientificandindustrialviewpoint,Indialagsinrationalizationofitsindustries.
Withtheprogressofeducationamongcapitalizationemployersandtheinterventionbythegovernment,effortsarenowbeingmade
formoreandmorerationalizationinindustries.Thishelpedbyindustrialsociology.
11. Aidtopragmaticindustrialpolicy:Ithasbeenacommonlyheldpreceptthatwhensomeprivatecompaniesfailtosolvetheirinternal
dispute,oneoftheremediesisthenationalizationofthesickindustries.
12. Aidtoindustrialmanagement:Successintheindustrydependsuponindustrialmanagement.Efficiencyofindustrialmanagement
dependsuponthepracticeofscientificlawsofindustrialmanagement.Thereforeindustrialmangersrequiretraininginindustrial
sociology.ThisisparticularlyrelevanttodayinIndia.
13. Solutionoftheproblemsofautomation:WiththesettingupofthelargescaleindustriesinIndia,automationisincreasing.Thishas
increasedunemploymentthroughontheotherhandithasincreasedprofitoftheindustries.
14. Bettermentofemployeremployeerelationship:Industrialpeaceandprogressdependsuponharmoniousrelationshipsbetweenthe
employerandtheemployee.
15. useinlabourlegislation

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