ANALYSIS:

E403 entitled Refraction from a Spherical Surface: Thin Lens, dealt with the
observation of the properties of thin lens, specifically converging lens or convex
lens. The aim of the experiment was to determine the focal length of a convex lens
using different location of the object and the graphical method.
In this part of the experiment, the aim was to determine the focal length of a
convex lens. The focal length was determined using the equation below. A distant
object was projected on the viewing screen. The object distance was very far
compared to the image distance so the object distance was set at infinity.

1 1 1
= +
f s s'
Table 1-A (Determination of Focal Length using an Object at Infinity) shows
the relationship between the image distance and the focal length of the lens. It can
be observed that when the object distance is at infinity, the image distance is equal
to the focal length of the lens.
In this part of the experiment, the aim was again to determine the focal
length of a convex lens using different locations of the object. This time, however,
the object is located at a finite distance from the convex lens. The same equation as
the previous part was used to determine the focal length of the convex lens.
Table 2 (Determination of Focal Length using an Object at Finite Distance)
shows the data gathered in this part of the experiment. As observed, two and only
two particular positions were the image of the light source is clear. It is due to there
is a fixed position of light source and the smooth surface.
In this part of the experiment, the aim was to determine the focal length of a
convex lens using the graphical method. The procedure of part B was repeated
several times until a set of data were obtained.
The inverse of the data from table 3.1 is taken to create another table. The
data from table 3.2 is then plotted on a graph. In graph 1, it can be observed that
1/s decreases as 1/s increases. It is observable that 1/s is inversely proportional to
1/s. However, we are more interested in getting the intercepts of the graphed line.
Another table is created to show the values obtained from the graph. The
focal length was then computed by getting the reciprocal of the intercepts.
Table 3.4 shows the magnification of the projected image. The sign of the
magnification just indicates the orientation of the projected image whether it is
upright or inverted (See Figure 3). In position 1, the projected image size is larger
than the actual object so the magnitude of magnification is greater than 1. In

position 2, the projected image size is smaller than the actual object so the
magnitude of magnification is less than 1.