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Experiment No.: 02
Name of the Experiment: Study of a Boiler
Objectives:
Specifications:
Brand Name: Philipp Loos GmbH
Model: Rekord-1600
Country of Make: Germany
Capacity: 1600 Kg/Hr
Maximum working pressure: 14 bar
Type of Burner: Dual Fuel Burner (Natural Gas/Diesel)
Fuel/fuels used: Natural Gas
Boiler Accessories:
These are auxiliary plants and devices required for the proper and efficient operation of boilers.
Commonly used accessories are1. Air pre-heater,
2. Economizer,
3. Super heater,
4. Feed pump,
5. Injector, etc.
Pressure Gauge
A pressure gauge is fitted in front of boiler in such a
position that the operator can conveniently read it. It reads
the pressure of steam in the boiler and is connected to
steam space by a siphon tube.
Elliptical spring tube (also called Bourdon tube) is made up
of special quality Bronze. Plug (P) is provided for cleaning
the siphon tube. Siphon is filled with cold water to prevent
the hot steam entering into the bourdon tube and spring
tube remains comparatively cool.
Man Holes: These are door to allow men to enter inside the boiler for inspection and repair
purposes.
Accessories:
Air Preheater: Air heater or air pre-heater is
waste heat recovery device in which the air on
its way to the furnace is raised in temperature
by utilizing the heat of the exhaust gases. Air
pre-heater are classified into the following two
categories.
Economizer: The economizer is a device, which serves to recover some of the heat being
carried by exhaust flue gases. The heat thus recovered is utilized in raised temperature in feed
water being supplied to the boiler. If the water is raised and thus there is a saving in the
consumption of fuel.
Figure: Economizer
The economizer unit is installed in the path of the flue gases between the boiler and the
chimney.
Capacity of Boiler:
Tonnage Rating:
It is the amount of water evaporated from feed water at 100 C and formed into dry and
saturated steam at 100 C at normal atmospheric pressure. Each kilogram of steam would then
have received 2.257 kJ of heat from the boiler. Shell boilers are often operated with feed water
temperatures lower than 100C. Consequently the boiler is required to supply enthalpy to bring
the water up to boiling point
KW Rating:
Some manufacturers will give a boiler rating in kW. This is not an evaporation rate, and is
subject to the same Tonnage Rating. To establish the actual evaporation by mass, it is first
necessary to know the temperature of the feed water and the pressure of the steam produced,
in order to establish how much energy is added to each kg of water.
3600 ( )
( ) = ()
()
Boiler hp rating:
Boiler horsepower is a function of the heat transfer area in the boiler, and a boiler horsepower
relates to 17 ft of heating surface, as depicted in equation:
1
= ( ) ( 2 )
17
In the USA and Australia the readily accepted definition of a boiler horsepower is the amount of
energy required to evaporate 34.5 lb of water at 212F atmospheric conditions.