PILE Foundations

BORED PILE FOUNDATION

Bored Pile Procedure :

1. Set up the Location of Bored
Pile
2. Insert Casing
3. Drilling
4. Removing Slime
5. KODEN-Test

Step of Bored Pile

Cycle time of each

step
( hour)

1. Set up location of
Bored Pile

0.3

2. Inserting Casing

3. Drilling

4. Removing slime

5. KODEN Test

6. Inserting Steel
Cage

7. Inserting Tremie
Pipe

8. Pouring the
concrete

9. Remove casing

1.5

Total Cycle Time

18.8

6. Insert of Steel Cage

7. Insert Tremie Pipe
8. Pouring the Concrete
9. Removing Casing
10. Covering of Expose
Concrete with a Pile Cap

BORED PILE FOUNDATION

Total Station instrument are used to survey each pile point.

BORED PILE FOUNDATION

Insert casing
casing must be stand vertical
by checking verticality of casing when insert casing

BORED PILE FOUNDATION

use Vibrodriver or Vibrohamer to insert casing

BORED PILE FOUNDATION

Drilling
Drilling Machine :
weight : 130tons
BG - 40

drilling depth : 49m

diameter : 3m
weight : 96tons

BG - 28

drilling depth : 39m

diameter : 2.5m
weight : 91tons

BG - 40

BG - 28

SD - 515 drilling depth : 36m

diameter : 2.5m

SD - 515

BORED PILE FOUNDATION

Removing slime
when finish drilling , we use Mechanical pump equipment to remove slime .

BORED PILE FOUNDATION

5. KODEN Test
KODEN test utilizes the principle of ultrasonic wave travel from sensor to the wall of
drilled hole and reflect to the sensor through the Bentonite slurry.

Equipment
KODEN equipment consists of two parts, recorder unit and winch unit .

Recorder Unit

Winch Unit

BORED PILE FOUNDATION

Recorder unit controls the operation and record the test result. On the other hand, winch
unit lowers the probe (sensor) down the hole for ultrasonic reflection .

Testing Procedure
1. Remove any obstacle around the hole area in order that the test equipment can access to
the hole .
2. Place the winch unit over the top of drilled hole or on the steel casing. Position the
sensor (probe) at the center of the hole .
3. Lower the sensor into Bentonite slurry. Hold the sensor at depth approximately 1 to
1.5m .
4. Restore the sensor to the starting position and perform the test.

BORED PILE FOUNDATION

Test Result
Test results are presented in graphical
plot and show characteristics
below :
1. Profile along two perpendicular
axes.
2. Average verticality of the hole.
3. Location or depth where
abnormality
Occurs such as reduction in diameter,
or collapsed wall of the hole.
4. Depth of drilled hole.

BORED PILE FOUNDATION

Insert of steel cage

BORED PILE FOUNDATION

Insert Tremie
Type of tremie pipe :
We have 3 types of tremie : 1m, 2m and 3m
Length

BORED PILE FOUNDATION

How to insert tremie pipe :

1.
2.

3.

Use mobile crane to hang the hopper

Then connect each tremie pipe

After that put it into the bored pile

hole
until bottom

When we pour concrete, we have to bury

the tremie pipe into concrete as below :
Diameter of Bored
Pile

Buried Length of
Tremie

1000

3 to 3.5m

1800

2 to 2.5m

BORED PILE FOUNDATION

Pouring the concrete

Quality of Concrete :
Max. size of Aggregate : 2.5cm
Workability : 55cm ( Flow )

BORED PILE FOUNDATION

Strength of concrete :
Design strength : fck =300kg/cm ( 28days cure concrete )

Material

Strength

Calculation of

fck ( Mpa )

Strength of mix ( Mpa )

Target Strength

21 > fck

fck + 7

( Standard specifications of concrete )

21 fck 35

fck + 8.5

Strength of mix ( Target Strength )

So, for Actual Concrete
Strength : 400kg/cm

fck

300kg/cm = 29.42 Mpa

Strength of mix

29.42 Mpa + 8.5 Mpa = 37.92 Mpa = 389

kg/cm
Apply : 400 kg/cm

BORED PILE FOUNDATION

Remove casing

CASE STUDY - BORED PILE FOUNDATION IN METRO

CASE STUDY - BORED PILE FOUNDATION IN METRO

Current METRO piling work at Ashram

CASE STUDY - BORED PILE FOUNDATION IN METRO

Reinforcement Cage for Pile cap

CASE STUDY - BORED PILE FOUNDATION IN METRO

CASE STUDY - BORED PILE FOUNDATION IN METRO

CASE STUDY - BORED PILE FOUNDATION IN METRO

CASE STUDY - BORED PILE FOUNDATION IN METRO

CASE STUDY - BORED PILE FOUNDATION IN METRO

CASE STUDY - BORED PILE FOUNDATION IN METRO

CASE STUDY - BORED PILE FOUNDATION IN METRO

CASE STUDY - BORED PILE FOUNDATION IN METRO

CASE STUDY - BORED PILE FOUNDATION IN METRO

DIAPHRAGM WALLS
Diaphragm Walls are particularly well suited to large open sites with deep
excavations;
they are most commonly built as cast in situ walls and have installed
thicknesses ranging from 500mm to 1500mm.

Cast in situ diaphragm walls are constructed as a series of primary and

secondary panels varying in length from 2.8m to 7.5m to accommodate the
geometry of the wall.
Although shallower walls
probably account for the
majority of diaphragm walls
installed;
wall depths over 25 meters
are almost the exclusive
preserve of the system.

DIAPHRAGM WALLS

Construction

Sequence of
Diaphragm wall
Fixing

of Alignment

Stage-2:

Guide wall Construction

Stage-3:

Trenching

Stage-4:

Trench Cleaning

Stage-5:

Stop ends fixing

Stage-6:

Reinforcement Cage

lowering
Stage-7:

Placing of Concrete

Stage-8:

Withdrawal of Stop ends

DIAPHRAGM WALLS
Where are wall pre-cast diaphragm walls used?
Diaphragm Walls provide a very stiff, strong and cost effective solution for the construction of permanent
retaining walls and shaft walls. This method of wall construction delivers far fewer construction joints than
alternative systems such as bored pile or sheet pile walls.
Applications for diaphragm walls include: retaining walls for deep basement excavations, cut-off barriers, retaining
walls for cut and cover tunnels, quay walls and shaft walls.

DIAPHRAGM WALLS

CASE STUDY - DIAPHRAGM WALLS IN METRO

Level of the bentonite slurry should be maintained

preferably at least 1.5m above the ground water level
to avoid problem of instability.

Density and Viscosity of supporting fluid

Loss of shear strength with time

Suction effect during trenching

Specification of Bentonite (as per IS:2911-Part1:Sec2

Liquid limit : 300 to 450 % (in accordance with IS:2720part V)

Sand content : Less than 7 %

Density: 1.12

Marsh viscosity : About 37 second, tested by Marsh

cone

Swelling index: Swelling index at least 2 times of dry

volume.

pH value : Less than 11.5

Tests and compliance values for support fluid prepared

from bentonite (as per IS9556-1980)

CASE STUDY - DIAPHRAGM WALLS IN METRO

CASE STUDY - DIAPHRAGM WALLS IN METRO

THANK YOU