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4K resolution
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Contents
1 History
2 Resolutions
2.1 Ultra HD
3 Recording
5 See also
6 References
7 External links
o
7.1 Articles
7.3 Video
History
The first commercially available 4K camera for cinematographic purposes was the Dalsa Origin,
released in 2003.[16] YouTube began supporting 4K for video uploads in 2010.[17] Users could
view 4K video by selecting "Original" from the quality settings until December 2013, when the
2160p option appeared in the quality menu.[18] In November 2013, YouTube started to use the
VP9 video compression standard, saying that it was more suitable for 4K than High Efficiency
Video Coding (HEVC); VP9 is being developed by Google, which owns YouTube.[17]
The projection of films at 4K resolution at cinemas began in 2011.[19] Sony was offering 4K
projectors as early as 2004.[20] The first 4K home theater projector was released by Sony in 2012.
[21]
In February 2014, HIGH TV (High 4K) Launched the first Ultra HD, 24/7 General
Entertainment TV Channel available Worldwide. The channel was the first of its kind and
featured a unique mix of Entertainment, Lifestyle,Extreme Sport, Movies and everything in Ultra
HD Quality,with 200 Hours of New Content each year. High 4K Team already distribute the
channel to Pay TV Operators, IPTV, Mobile, Web TV, etc, as well as distribute the 4K content
worldwide.
Sony is one of the leading studios promoting UHDTV content, as of 2013 offering a little over
70 movie and television titles via digital download to a specialized player that stores and decodes
the video. The large files (~40GB), distributed through consumer broadband connections, raise
concerns about data caps.[22]
In 2014, Netflix began streaming House of Cards, Breaking Bad[23] and "some nature
documentaries" at 4K to compatible televisions with an HEVC decoder. Most 4K televisions sold
in 2013 did not natively support HEVC, with most major manufacturers announcing support in
2014.[24] Amazon Studios began shooting their full-length original series and new pilots with 4K
resolution in 2014.[25]
In early 2014, adult sites started offering 4K video content.[26][27]
Resolutions
Format
Ultra high definition television
Ultra wide television
WHXGA
DCI 4K (native resolution)
DCI 4K (CinemaScope cropped)
DCI 4K (flat cropped)
Pixels
8,294,400
11,059,200
16,384,000
8,847,360
7,028,736
8,631,360
Ultra HD
UHD is a resolution of 3840 pixels 2160 lines (8.3 megapixels, aspect ratio 16:9) and is one of
the two resolutions of ultra high definition television targeted towards consumer television, the
other being FUHD which is 7680 pixels 4320 lines (33.2 megapixels). UHD has twice the
horizontal and vertical resolution of the 1080p HDTV format, with four times as many pixels
overall.[1][28]
Televisions capable of displaying 4K resolutions are seen by consumer electronics companies as
the next trigger for an upgrade cycle due to a lack of consumer interest in 3D television.[29]
Digital cinema
The Digital Cinema Initiatives consortium established a standard resolution of 4096 pixels
2160 lines (8.8 megapixels, aspect ratio ~17:9) for 4K film projection. This is the native
resolution for DCI-compliant 4K digital projectors and monitors; pixels are cropped from the top
or sides depending on the aspect ratio of the content being projected. The DCI 4K standard has
twice the horizontal and vertical resolution of DCI 2K, with four times as many pixels overall.
DCI 4K does not conform to the standard 1080p Full HD aspect ratio (16:9), so it is not a
multiple of the 1080p display.
4K digital films may be produced, scanned, or stored in a number of other resolutions depending
on what storage aspect ratio is used.[30][31] In the digital film production chain, a resolution of
4096 3112 is often used for acquiring "open gate" or anamorphic input material, a resolution
based on the historical resolution of scanned Super 35mm film.[32]
Streaming video
YouTube, since 2010,[33] and Vimeo allow a maximum upload resolution of 4096 3072 pixels
(12.6 megapixels, aspect ratio 4:3).[34][35][36] Both YouTube and Vimeo's 4k content is currently
limited to mostly nature documentaries and tech coverage.[37] This is expected to grow as 4k
adoption increases. High Efficiency Video Coding should allow the streaming of content with a
4K resolution with a bandwidth of between 20 to 30 Mbps.[38] VP9 is also being developed for 4k
streaming.
Recording
See also
Film portal
Tv portal
Computing portal
8K resolution
Digital cinema
References
1.
"The Ultimate Guide to 4K Ultra HD", Ultra HDTV Magazine, retrieved 2013-1027.
2.
Denison, Caleb (15 Jan 2014). "Your 1080p TV is old already: Everything you
need to know about Ultra HD 4K". Digital Trends. Retrieved 31 May 2014.
3.
Anthony, Sebastian (2014-01-07). "No, TV makers, 4K and UHD are not the
same thing". ExtremeTech. Retrieved 30 May 2014.
4.
5.
6.
Brown, Heather (16 October 2014). "Good Question: When Will We See
Broadcasts In 4K?". Local (CBS Minnesota). Retrieved 18 December 2014.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
Luckerson, Victor (12 November 2014). "Amazon Will Stream in Ultra-High Def
4K by January". Tech Companies (Time). Retrieved 18 December 2014.
13.
Anderson, Jim (17 December 2014). "4K Ultra HD, High Quality: Red".
YouTube. Retrieved 18 December 2014..
14.
Cox, Joe (27 June 2013). "Seiki launches 39in 4K TV for $699". What Hi-Fi
(Haymarket). Retrieved 21 January 2014.
15.
Greenwald, Will (28 June 2013). "Seiki SE39UY04". PC Mag (Ziff Davis).
Retrieved 21 January 2014.
16.
17.
Teoh, Vincent (25 December 2013). "YouTube Adds "2160p 4K" Option To Video
Quality Settings". HDTVTest. Retrieved 24 May 2014.
18.
"Youtube puts in new 2160p 4K option for video-settings". Neo win. Retrieved 24
July 2014.
19.
Truong, Alice (August 6, 2013). "4K is already playing at a theater near you, but
you probably didnt even notice". Digital Trends. Designtechnica. Retrieved 24 May
2014.
20.
"Sony Unveils New "4k" Digital Cinema Projector" (press release). Projector
Central. June 3, 2004. Retrieved 24 May 2014.
21.
Quick, Darren (May 31, 2012). "Sony releases world's first 4K home theater
projector". Gizmag. Retrieved 24 May 2014.
22.
Denison, Caleb (September 4, 2013). "Sony feeds starving 4K early adopters with
over 70 titles of 4K movies and TV shows". Digital Trends. Retrieved 31 May 2014.
23.
24.
25.
Kerr, Dara (17 December 2013). "Amazon Studios to begin shooting original
series in 4K". CNET (CBS). Retrieved 30 May 2014.
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
31.
"4K resolution Definition from PC Magazine Encyclopedia". PC Magazine. 199412-01. Retrieved 2010-05-28.
32.
James, Jack (2006). Digital Intermediates for Film and Video. Taylor & Francis.
p. 125. ISBN 0240807022. Retrieved 21 January 2014.
33.
Jukic, Stephanie. "4K & Ultra HD Resolution". 4k. Retrieved 26 November 2014.
YouTube has had a 4K channel running since as early as 2010 and other developments
are definitely on the horizon, especially in countries or regions with excellent internet
connectivity that goes above the normal speeds available to most people.
34.
35.
36.
37.
38.
Ryan Lawler (25 January 2013). "Next-Gen Video Format H.265 Is Approved,
Paving The Way For High-Quality Video On Low-Bandwidth Networks". Tech Crunch
(AOL). Retrieved 30 May 2014.
39.
Wootton, Cliff (2005). A Practical Guide to Video and Audio Compression: From
Sprockets and Rasters to Macroblocks. Taylor & Francis. p. 47. ISBN 0-24080630-1.
Retrieved 21 January 2014.
40.
41.
42.
"Axiom Alpha".
43.
44.
External links
Articles
Gurule, Donn, 4k and 8k Production Workflows Become More Mainstream, Light beam
"Just Like High-Definition TV, but With Higher Definition]", The New York Times, Jun 3,
2004
Ball, Christopher Lee (Oct 2008), "Farewell to the Kingdom of Shadows: A filmmaker's
first impression of Super Hi-Vision television", Musings
type = annual report Super Hi-Vision research, JP: NHK STRL, 2009.
Video
"4K resolution video test sequences for Research", Ultra video, FI: TUT.
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