06AL61

USN

Sixth Semester B.E. Degree Examination.. June 2Ol2

Management and Entrepreneurship

Time: 3 hrs-

Max. Marks: 1 00
Note'. Answer FIVE full questions, selecting
at least TWO questions from each part.

1a.
E

.!

b.

2a.
b.
c.

3a.

PART

-A

What is management? Explain the various roles of management.

Explain the nahrre and characteristics ofmanagement.
Mention the contribution and limitations of scientific management.

(08 Mart<s)
(08 Martrs)
(04 Marks)

Bringout the nature and impoftance of planning. Explain the different forms of planning.
What are the types of decisions? Explain with example.
Explain the various problems that the managers faces while making

(10 Marks)
(04 Marks)

decisions.

What is span of management? Explain the various factors that govem the span of
management.

b.

o;

c.

4a.
b.

c.

(06 Marks)

(08 Marks)

Distinguish between centralization and decentralization. Mention their advantages.(08 Marks)

What are the importances of staffing? Give examples.
(04 Marks)
Compare and contrast the Maslow's need hierarchy theory with Herzberg's two faclor
theory.

(08 Marks)

Explain the various barriers to communication.

Explain the various methods ofestablishing control on the devj

(06 Marks)
(0,6

b.

PART - B
Explain the qualities of an entrepreneur.
Mention the parameters which decided the quality of

c.

entrepreneurship.
Discuss the role of entrepreneur in the economic

5a.

6a.
b.

a-.

\J<

b.

.'i

8a.

-..i

::

z
E
o

b.

Marks)

c':"'l
Ll

rr-

development.'Y1,:2

(05 Marks)

Define small scale industry, Ancillary industry and Tiny industry with advantages of each.
What are the characteristics of small scale industries? Explain.

(12 Marks)
(08 Marks)

Explain the objectives and functions of national small industries corporation.

Write notes on DIC, TECKSOK and state financial corporations.

(10 Marks)
(10 Marks)

Explain the various guidelines provided by the planning commission for preparation of
project report.
Explain the various methods of project appraisal.

(10 Marks)
(10 Marks)

06rs81

USN

Eighth Semester B.E. Degree Examination, Jane2012

Software Testing
Time: 3 hrs.

Max. Marks: 100

Note: Answer FIVE full questions, selecting
at least TWO questions.from each part.

PART-A

I a. Distinguish between errors, faults and failures. Mention examples of errors in various fields
I

+-aoll

b.

2 a.

E;

tc

of human endeavor.
Explain with a neat diagram, a test and debug cycle.

(10 Marks)
(10 Marks)

What is control flow graph? Explain how to construct CFG for the following program:
l. begin
2. int x, y, power;
3. float z ;
4. input (x, y) ;
5. if (y<0)
6. power = -y ;

7. else
8. power=y;
9. z=

bd

10. while (power ! =

ll.z=z*x:

0) [

12.power=power-l;
.13.)
14. if (y < 0)
15.2= /, I

->i
'i .

b.

16. output (z)

17. end

Explain various types

(10 Marks)

of

testing depending on the life cycle phase

development in which various activities occur.

E=
-qE

U<
z
E

of the software
(10 Marks)

a.
b.

List informaland rigorously specified rgquirements test selection techniques. (04 Marks)
Explain the systematic procedure for equivalence partitioning by considering a boiler control

c.

What is category-partition method? Write a diagram which illustrates the different steps in

system.

(10 Marks)

the category-partition method.

4 a.
b.
c.

(06 Marks)

What is cause-effect graphing? Give the generic procedure for the generation of tests using
cause-effect

graphing.

(06 Marks)

(06 Marks)
Explain missing or extra Boolean variable faults by giving an example.
Give a procedure for generating a minimal constraint set from a predicate possibly
(08 Marks)
containing non singular expressions.

I of

06rs81

PART-B

5 a.
b.

Explain the following testing concepts used in structural testing:

Statement testing
(10 Marks)
Branch testing.
What is cyclomatic complexity? Explain path testing by considering binary search logic.

i)
iD

(10 Marks)

6a.
b.

7a.
b.

8a.
b.

Explain data flow testing criteria by considering your own example.

Explain data flow analysis with arrays and pointers, with relevant examples.

(10 Marks)
(10

Ma*s)

What is adequacy criterion? Explain how adequacy criteria are just imperfect but useful
(10 Ma*s)
indicators of inadequacies by giving your own project example.
What is scaffolding? Explain generic versus specific scaffolding by giving relevant
(10 Ma*s)
examples.
Explain core steps of SRET by giving block diagram.
Discuss and compare systern, acceptance and regression testing.

2of2

(10 Marks)
(10 Marks)

06cs62

USN

Sixth Semester B.E. Degree Examination, June 2012

Unix Systems Programming

Max. Marks: I00

Time: 3 hrs.
Note'. Answer FIVE full questions, selecting
at least TWO questions .from each part.

PART
e

t9
.,.

.9.!

I a.
b.
c.

Explain the setlocale function with syntax and an example.

Explain the following compile time limits:
_POSX_PATH_MAX, -POSX_OPEN_MAX.
Explain the commonly occurring enor status codes and their

a.
b.

Explain the different types of files in UNIX.

Explain the UNIX kemel support for files.

a.
b.

(10 Marks)
Explain the working of the open function with the prototype.
How do you access and modify the time stamps of a file? Explain the prototype and write a
program to illustrate the usage ofthe prototype.
(10 Marks)

a.
b.

(06 Marks)
Explain the memory layout of a C program.
What are ttre APIS to query and change the resource limits. List the rules that govem the
(0E Mart(s)
changing of the resource limits.
(06 Marks)
Explain with a neat block diagram UNIX process data structure.

c.

PART
-a

ii

5E
5d

Marks)
Marks)
(10 Marks)
(10 Marks)

-B

Explain the working of the fork( ) function.

Describe the sequence of processes involved in executing TELNET server.
What is an orphaned process? Explain with an example.

6 a.

What is the use of the alam API? Give the prototype of alarm API. How can the alarm API
(0E Marks)
be used to implement the sleep API?
(06 Marks)
List the timer manipulation APIS in POSIC. I b.
(06 Marks)
Explain the three ways to generate log messages.

b.
c.

a.
z

Marhs)

5 a.
b.
c.

7 a.
b.
c.
-i ^i

-A

b.

Explain with an example client-server communication using a FIFO.

What are the advantages and disadvantages of XSI IPC?
Write a program to send data fiom parent to child over a pipe.

(08 Marks)

Marks)
(04 Marks)
(0E

(08 Marks)
(06 Marks)
(06 Marks)

What is Byte ordering? Explain the two types of ordering. Explain the APIS to convert
between the processor byte order and the network byte for TCP?IP applications. (12 Marks)
(08 Marks)
Explain the following APIS with prototypes listen ( ) and accept ( ).

IJ
II

ta

tl
I

06cs64

USN

Sixth Semester B.E. Degree Examination, June2Ol2

Gomputer Networks - ll

Max. Marks:100

Time: 3 hrs-

FIVE full questions, selecting

questions from each part.
least
TWO
at

Notez Answer

i
-+
E

le
.

9
o.0

Ed

et

g-t
La

=L

-a;
'E!=
E6
o;
<;a
o;

6E

PART

c.

zo
i

(04 Marks)

3 a.
b.
c.

What do you mean by tunneling? Briefly explain the changes from IPv4 to IPv6. (08 Marks)
With a neat diagram, explain three-way handshake for connection establishment in TCP.

4 a.
b.
c.

With a neat diagram, explain the ATM cell header format.

Briefly explain five ATM service categories.
Explain the classical IP over ATM.

Write a short note on internet routing protocols.

(08 Marks)
(04 Marks)
(08 Marks)
(07 Marks)
(05 Marks)

PART-B

5 a.

Define network management. Discuss the interactions between the SNMP management

b.
c.

(08 Marks)
station and SNMP agent.
(06 Marks)
Explain the security attacks and security goals.
Explain the Diffie-Hellman exchange for secret key generation. What are its weaknesses?
(06 Marks)

6 a.

;.i

Write a short note on ATM networks.

(08 Marks)
2 a. Explain the techniques for closed-loop congestion control.
b. A university has 150 LANs with 100 hosts in each LAN. Design an appropriate subnet
(06 Marks)
addressing scheme if the university has one class B address.
(06 Marks)
c. Explain the Ilagmentation and reassembly in IP network.

Ebi]

ei
oi

-A

I a. With examples, differentiate between datagram and virtual circuit packet switching.
(06 Marks)
b. Define routing. With an example, explain the Bellman-Ford algorithm for shortest-path
(10 Marks)
routing.

b.
c.

Explain the various types of resources allocation scheme by specifying the parameters for
(08 Marks)
classification.
(08 Marks)
List the benefits of creating VPNs. Explain VPN types.
(M Marks)
Write a short note on traffic engineering.

7 a.
b.
c.

Explain the MPEG standards and frame types for compression.

With an example, explain Huffman encoding for data compression
Explain the different servers contained in SIP with its overview.

8 a.
b.
c.

List and explain the applications and features of ad-hoc networks.

Explain the security vulnerabilities and seburity attacks in ad-hoc networks.
With a neat diagram, explain sensor mode structure.
:tr*lr*lr

(06 Marks)
(06 Marks)
(08 Marks)
(07 Marks)
(07 Marks)
(06 Marks)

06cs6s

USN

Sixth Semester B.E. Degree Examination, June 2Ol2

Gomputer Graphics and Visualization

Time: 3 hrs.

**"'ir;:":if

Max. Marks: 100

{{o'{Ii,l:::'#:*:'::;'tr".
PART

I a.
b.

c.
I
7.
:h

(04 Marks)
Briefly explain any two applications of computer graphics.
for
the
expression
Also
derive
Explain the concept of pinhole camera of an imaging system.
(06
Marks)
angle of view.
Discuss the graphics pipeline architecture, with the help of a functional schematic diagram.
(10 Marks)

2a.

(04 Marks)
With the help of a diagram, describe the open GL interface.
(06 Marks)
model.
color
model;
ii)
Indexed
Write
i)
RGB
color
b.
explanatory notes on:
gasket
comments.
with
relevant
c. Write an open GL recursive program for 2D-sierpinski
(10 Marks)

:^

3 a.
o;
te

b.
c.

4 a.
Eca

b.

->ts

ae

5 a.
?.9
q;

b.

!g.e.

6 a.
b.
c.

rJ<

devices.

include.

rectangle.

Explain the procedure involved in transforming the world frame to camera,/eye fiame using
(10 Marks)
the model view matrix.
coordinate
homogeneous
program
the
use
of
to demonstrate
Write an open GL
transformations and simple data structure for representing a rotating cube with color

interpolation.

!E

What are the two major characteristics that describe the logical behavior ofan input device?
(08 Marks)
Explain the different clauses of logical input
(04 Marks)
List the various features that a good interactive program should
rectangle
and
to
draw
a
program,
hierarchical
means,
to
demonstrate
the
Write an open GL
(08
Marks)
to increase or decrease the size ofthe

(10 Marks)

PART-B
Define and represent the following 2-D transformations in homogeneous coordinate system:
(12 Marks)
i) Translation; ii) Rotation; iii) Scaling; iii) Reflection.
(08 Marks)
What is concatenation transformation? Explain rotation about a fixed

point.

Discuss the following open GL functions: i) glulook

Write a note on hidden surface
Derive the projection matrices for perspective

removal.

At;

ii)

gluPerspective.

viewing.

(06 Marks)
(04 Marks)
(10 Marks)

7 a. Describe any two types of light sources that are sufficient for rendering most simple scenes.
(04 Marks)
(08 Marks)
b. Discuss the phing-lighting model.
c. What are the different methods available for shading a polygon? Discuss any two. (08 Marks)
8a.
b.
c.

Explain in brief, Cohen-Sutherland line clipping algorithm with possible cases.

What do you mean by antialiasing? Explain.
Discuss the Bresenham's rasterization algorithm.

(08 Marks)
(04 Marks)
(08 Marks)

O6C5/T5663

USN

Sixth Semester B.E. Degree Examination, June 2012

Data Gompression
Time: 3 hrs.
Note: Answer FIVE full questions, selecting
at least TWO questions from each part.
E

PART

1a.
b.

c.

-A

,:sfi&b

.i/ ..n+ntL \il

ft-.*{YZ

Distinguish between lossless compression and lossy compression.

Define i(A), the self information associated with an event A. If A and B are independent
(04 Marks)
events, prove that i(AB) = i(A) + i(B).
Let C be a code with N code words whose lengths are h lz, 1:"... ..., /N. If C is uniquely
N

decodable, prove that

go

d.

fie

2a.
c\
b.

st
lz-ti
i=l

(08 Marks)

Determine whether the following codes are uniquely decodable:

i) (0,0r, r0, il l)
ii) t0,0l,ll, illl.

(04 Marfts)

Design a minimum variance Huffman code for a source whose letters are chosen from the
alphabet [ = {a1, a2, a3, aa, a5} with p(ar) = 0.3, p(a2) = 0.16, p(a3) = 0.12, p(a4) = 0.205 and
(10 Marks)
p(as) = 0.1z. Verify Kraft-Mc Millan inequality.
Encode the following sequence using LZW algorithm:
I
xI
I l.
x y z z yfr x y z z y/x y z z y/xy zzy
y,
dictionary
initially looks as follows:
is
x,
z}.TheLZW
The alphabet for the source
{!,1,

!x l!

Index
Entry
..,

l/x

x
(10 Marks)

ts

3a.

Give an algorithm used by CALIC to form the initial prediction and explain this algorithm.
(06 Marks)

b.

og
--.i

z
E

..i

C.

(04 Marks)
Briefly explain run-length coding.
Explain quantization problem by considering a quantizer with eight reconstruction values.

d.

Explain

4 a.
b.
c.

(0,6

With

Marks)

(04 Marks)

istortion criterion.

a neat diagram, explain vector quantization procedure.

(06 Marks)

Give Lloyd algorithm to generate pdf-optimized scalar quantizer assuming that

the

distribution is known. Show how this algqrithm can be generalized to the case where a
(07 Marks)
training set is available.
(07 Marks)
With an example, explain how basic differential encoding algorithm works.

1of 2

O6C5/15663

PART

5 a. With all necessary mathematical details, discuss discrete Fourier transform and device the
expresslon

b.
6 a.
b.

c.

b.

Nft.

(l0 Marks)

N
2za +1
223

-5zz + 4z-I

(10 Marks)

By considering the example ofencoding the sequence of values Ixn] given below, explain in
detail how subband coding works.
10 14 10 12
12.
(08 Marks)
Define the following terms:
Filter
Finite impulse response (FIR) filters.
Number of taps in the filter.
Infinite impulse response (IIR) filters.
(M Marks)
Consider a filter with ao = 1 and br = 0.6. If the input sequence {x,l is given by

14814 l2 10810

i)
iD
iii)
iv)

[l
[0

7a.

,2nkn

Obtain the inverse Z-transform of the function F(z) =

x," = { ^
d.

I !-.1

t- =- ) f;er-.

n=o

n+O^

, determine the impulse rcsponse of the filter. Is it an FIR filter or an IIR

filter?
Briefly explain bit allocation.

(04 Marks)
(04 Marks)

With necessary details, derive multiresolution analysis.

With necessary details and usual notations, derive the following:

1)

(08 Marks)

Zh-=J,
k

iil

Ir,? =r
k

iii)
a.

b.

=6m
lhnh*_r.
k

(12 Marks)

Explain the following:

Motion compensation.
Video signal representation.
Model based coding.

((n Marts)
(07 Marks)
(06 Marks)

2of2

I
06CS/I5663

USN

Sixth Semester B.E. Degree Examination, June 2012

Data Gompress:on
Max. Marks:100

Time: 3 hrs.

full questions, selecting

questions
at least TWO
from each part.

Notez Answer FIVE

PART

1a.
b.
c.

-,

-A

(04 Marks)
Distinguish between lossless compression and lossy compression.
Define i(A), the self information associated with an event A. If A and B are independent
(04 Marks)
events, prove *rat i(AB) = i(A) + i(B).
iquely
Let C be a code with N code words whose lengths a:re h, lz. /1,......=ls.-It_C is unique
l'a\F
N
'^\
Marks)
decodable, prove that Yr/i''
..,,) \
,.'a

i.z .1.

d.

oB
E,9

zd

2 a.

b.
.>d

,,'"ip-{l;)1osru"*
/
!,;\

{t

i';i
ii
r;i :;::;;;
tr,;+xrv 7+
i

i) t0,01, l10, l r1 )
ii) {0,0l,ll,llr}.

,\--'

"\l 'it

tqc.iR

Marks)

from the
Design a minimum variance Huffman code for a source whose
atphabet A = [ar, az, a3, aa, a5] with p(a1) = 0.3, p(az) = 0.16, p(a:) =O.l2,p(ai = 0'205 and
(10 Mar&s)
p(as) = 0.17. Verify KrafrMc Millan inequality.
Encode the following sequence using LZW algorithm:
xl
I l.
x-y z zyl xy z zy!xy z zy/ x y z zy!x I
The alphabet for the source is $,1, x, y, z].TheLZW dictionary initially looks as follows:

l/

lndex I 2
Entry .b v

llx

3
7.

4
I

x
(10 Mad<s)

3 a.
b.
c.

og
(-)

<

--.i.i
o

d.

4a.
h.

ts

Give an algorithm used by CALIC to form the initial prediction and explain this algorithm.
(06 Marks)
(04 Marks)
Briefly explain run-length coding.
Explain quantization problem by considering a quantizer with eight reconstruction values.
(06 Marks)
(04 Marks)
Explain distortion criterion.

c.

(06 Marks)
quantizer
that the
generate
pdf-optimized
assuming
scalar
Give Lloyd algorithm to
distribution is known. Show how this algorithm can be generalized to the case where a
(07 Marks)
training set is available.
(07 Marks)
works.
With an example, explain how basic differential encoding algorithm

With

a neat diagram, explain vector quantization procedure.

1of 2