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Color of water
For the book by James McBride, see The Color of Water.
While relatively small quantities of water appear to be colorless, water's tint
becomes a deeper blue as the thickness of the observed sample increases. The
blue hue of water is an intrinsic property and is caused by selective absorption
and scattering of white light. Impurities dissolved or suspended in water may
give water different colored appearances.
Intrinsic color
For more details on this topic, see Electromagnetic absorption by water.
When water is in small quantities
(e.g. in a glass) it appears colorless to
the human eye
Color of water
The surfaces of seas and lakes often reflect blue skylight, making them
appear bluer. The relative contribution of reflected skylight and the
light scattered back from the depths is strongly dependent on
observation angle.[3]
Color of water
Color of glaciers
Main article: Blue ice (glacial)
Glaciers are large bodies of ice and snow formed during very cold climates by processes involving the compaction of
fallen snow. While snowy glaciers appear white from a distance, up close and when shielded from direct ambient
light, glaciers usually appear a deep blue due to the long path lengths of the internal reflected
light.Wikipedia:Citation needed
Color of water
Color names
Various cultures divide the semantic field of colors differently from the
English language usage and some do not distinguish between blue and
green in the same way. An example is Welsh where glas can mean
blue or green.
Other color names assigned to bodies of water are sea green and
ultramarine blue. Unusual oceanic colorings have given rise to the
terms red tide and black tide.
The Ancient Greek poet Homer uses the epithet "wine-dark sea"; in
Red tide off the California coast.
addition, he also describes the sea as "grey". Some have suggested that
this is due to the Ancient Greeks classifying colors primarily by
luminosity rather than hue, while others believe Homer was color-blind.Wikipedia:Citation needed
References
[1] Braun & Smirnov 1993, p.612.
[2] ":"...any simple answer is bound to mislead. It turns out that contributions to the observed color are made both by reflected skylight and by
the intrinsic absorption...""
[3] "...the relative contribution of reflected skylight and the light scattered back from the depths is strongly dependent on observation angle."
Charles L. Braun and Sergei N. Smirnov WHY IS WATER BLUE? J. Chem. Edu., 1993, 70(8), 612 added some sugar too http:/ / www.
dartmouth. edu/ ~etrnsfer/ water. htm
[4] International Organization for Standardization, ISO 2211:1973, Measurement of colour in Hazen units (platinum-cobalt scale) of Liquid
Chemical Products
Braun, Charles L.; Smirnov, Sergei N. (1993), "Why is water blue?" (http://inside.mines.edu/fs_home/dwu/
classes/CH353/study/Why is Water Blue.pdf), Journal of Chemical Education 70 (8): 612614, Bibcode:
1993JChEd..70..612B (http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1993JChEd..70..612B), doi: 10.1021/ed070p612
(http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ed070p612)
Color of water
Further reading
Dickey, Tommy D.; Kattawar, George W.; Voss, Kenneth J. (April 2011), "Shedding new light on light in the
ocean" (http://www.nserc.und.edu/learning/Dickeyetal2011.pdf), Physics Today 64 (4): 4449, Bibcode:
2011PhT....64d..44D (http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2011PhT....64d..44D), doi: 10.1063/1.3580492 (http:/
/dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3580492)
Pettit, Edison (February 1936), "On the Color of Crater Lake Water", Proceedings of the National Academy of
Sciences of the United States of America 22 (2): 139146, Bibcode: 1936PNAS...22..139P (http://adsabs.
harvard.edu/abs/1936PNAS...22..139P), doi: 10.1073/pnas.22.2.139 (http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.22.
2.139), PMC 1076722 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1076722), PMID 16588059 (http:/
/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16588059)
External links
What color is water? (http://webexhibits.org/causesofcolor/5B.html)
Why is Water Blue? (http://www.dartmouth.edu/~etrnsfer/water.htm)
Is water blue? The absorption spectrum of water in the visible range (http://www.lsbu.ac.uk/water/vibrat.
html#blue)
Why is the snow blue? (http://www.discovery.com/area/skinnyon/skinnyon971003/skinnyon.html#blue)
The Color of the Ocean (http://nasascience.nasa.gov/earth-science/oceanography/living-ocean/ocean-color)
from science@nasa
Why is it blue? (http://www.whyiswaterblue.com)
Is water clear? (http://www.whyzz.com/why-is-water-clear)
License
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