Technical English 1

RELATIVE CLAUSES (SECOND PART)

WHOSE

POSSESSION

Jose has a friend whose house is really big and beautiful

Have you seen the student whose mother came to the university the other day?
Doctors say that we should drink yogurt whose bacteria are good for the stomach
WHERE

PLACES

I was in a beautiful garden where I could find peace and tranquility

We would like to travel to a beach WHERE we can relax and have fun
That is the house where people assure they have seen ghosts
WHEN

MOMENT IN TIME

There are times when I would like to run away from the reality
The morning is when people should have a good meal
Diego still remembers when he was an innocent guy

Extra explanation??? http://ingles.ing.uchile.cl/otros/Relative%20Clauses.pdf

Page 123 Worksheets
http://www.englisch-hilfen.de/en/exercises/pronouns/relative_pronouns.htm
http://www.myenglishpages.com/site_php_files/grammar-exercise-relativeclauses.php#.U1KkOfl5OQo
http://speakspeak.com/english-grammar-exercises/intermediate/relative-pronouns-who-whichthat-whose-when-where

EACH OTHER ONE ANOTHER TOGETHER

Professor: Norma Cevallos Soria

Technical English 1

We use EACH OTHER and one another for reciprocal actions, when two people (each other) or
more people (one another) do the same action. They mean mutually. However, nowadays we
can use each other for two or more people.

Examples:
Joaquin helps Job and Job helps Joaquin
Joaquin and Job help each other
Jose has trusted Alvaro and Felipe has trusted Jose for some years
Jose and Alvaro have trusted each other for some years

We use TOGETHER when we speak about actions done by two or more people at the same time.
Examples:
Women go to the bathroom together
Men like to watch soccer together
We have to protest together

http://onlineresources.sapgrp.com/grammar6/9789812747259_LG6_Exercise
%2008%20Activity.pdf
Write examples with EACH OTHER and TOGETHER.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
INDEFINITE PRONOUNS

Professor: Norma Cevallos Soria

Technical English 1

For affirmative sentences only.

SOME

somebody
Someone
Something
Somewhere

Somebody
Someone

for subject and complement

for complement

A person who we dont know or who is not important

Somebody is thinking of me now

Sebastian has seen someone strange on the street.
Something

A thing that we dont know or that is not important.

Something is illogical in this reading.

I have to get something to take to my friends birthday party.
Somewhere

A place that we dont know or that is not important.

Andres would like to travel somewhere next holiday.

For affirmative sentences only
NO

nobody
No one
Nothing
Nowhere

Nobody
No one

for subject and complement

for complement

no people

No one knew the answer to that question.

I have seen nobody dancing tango.
Nothing

not one thing

Nothing is wrong. Dont worry.

Eddy has money to buy nothing.
Nowhere

no places

Ricky has found inspiration nowhere and he cant write poems.

For affirmative, negative and interrogative sentences
EVERY everybody
Everyone
Everything
Everywhere

for subject and complement

Everybody
all people
Everyone
(+) Everybody needs somebody.
Byron has tried to help everybody lately.
(-) Not everyone has the chance to get a good job.
Jorge didnt invite everyone to her party, only his best friends
(?) Does everybody love somebody?
Can you oppose everyone?

Professor: Norma Cevallos Soria

Technical English 1

Everything

all things

(+) Everything is beautiful in Ecuador.

I could finish doing everything yesterday.
(-) Not everything is perfect.
She cant do everything! She needs some help.
(?) Has everything been perfect for you?
Does Alvaro do everything at home?
Everywhere

all places

(+) Everywhere is quiet in the jungle!

God is everywhere.
(-) Not everywhere is polluted.
David doesnt feel good everywhere, only in his house.
(?) Is everywhere dangerous in Quito?
Were you practicing English everywhere?
For affirmative, negative and interrogative sentences
ANY

anybody
Anyone
Anything
Anywhere

Anybody
Anyone

(+) (?)
for
subject &
complement

(-)
for complement

(+)
(-)
(?)
any people nobody
somebody

(+) Anybody can become a politician in this country.

She is able to work for anybody.
(-) You dont have to spy anybody.
(?) Can anyone become your friend?
Are you in love with anyone?
(+)
Anything

(-)
any things

(?)
nothing

something

(+) Anything is possible!

People can do anything for money.
(-) I couldnt do anything to damage you.
(?) Is there anything that I can do?
Does Luis need anything from me?
Anywhere

(+)
(-)
(?)
any places
nowhere somewhere

(+) Anywhere is good for dogs to sleep.

Id like to go anywhere to rest.
(-) He hasnt traveled anywhere since he got sick.
(?) Is anywhere special for you?
Does Andreita visit anywhere on vacation?

Professor: Norma Cevallos Soria

Technical English 1

Professor: Norma Cevallos Soria

Technical English 1

Taken from: http://englishwsheets.com/pronouns-1.html

http://www.azargrammar.com/assets/beginning/BEGTeacherCreatedWorksheets/Worksheets14/BEGCh14IndefinitePronouns.pdf
COMPOUND INDEFINITE PRONOUNS
ONE OF
TWO OF

us
you

in a group

Them
..
Ex: One of my friends is a dentist.
Two of Diegos friends aren`t doing homework now
Did you see three of them at the party?
BOTH OF

us
You
two
Them
.
Ex: Both of my parents are important to me.
I need both of my hands to do the housework
Did the doctor check both of your eyes?
SOME OF

us
you
in a group
Them
..
Ex: Some of you bought flowers last Mother`s Day.
She has helped some of us these days.
Some of them don`t know the rules.
MANY OF

us
you
in a group
Them
..
Ex: Many of my students work and study
I dont know many of my relatives
Can the President tell it to many of Ecuadorians?
MOST OF

us
you
Them

in a group

Professor: Norma Cevallos Soria

Technical English 1

..
Ex: Most of them are married.
Dieguito has already solved most of her problems.
Has she done most of the projects?
ALL OF

us
you
in a group
Them
..
Ex: All of children need their parents.
Not all of people can learn languages.
Do all of you want to celebrate my birthday?
NONE OF

us
you
in a group
Them
..
Only for affirmative sentences
Ex: He invited none of his cousins.
None of us lies!
NEITHER OF
us
you
two
Them
..
Only for affirmative sentences
Ex: Neither of his twin sisters is beautiful
She can move neither of her legs after the accident.
ANY OF

us
you
Them
..

in a group

Ex:
(+) Any of us is able to reach the goals.
My dogs can bite any of people.
(-) I havent prepared any of those dishes.
She hasnt bought any of the presents.
(?) Is any of you planning to marry next year?
Can I eat any of those fruit?
EITHER OF

us
you
Them
..

two

Ex:
(+) Either of my ears is good to wear a piercing.
I can write using either of my hands.
(-) He doesnt have to lie to either of his parents.
I havent called either of my godparents up recently.
(?) Is either of your hands burned?
Do people read either of those two magazines?
http://www.tolearnenglish.com/exercises/exercise-english-2/exercise-english-4826.php
http://www.tolearnenglish.com/exercises/exercise-english-2/exercise-english-26838.php
PREPOSITIONS
AT

Open places
Ex: Junior is playing at that park today.
Ximena is at the stadium now.

Professor: Norma Cevallos Soria

Technical English 1

Specific places
Ex: She lives at 654 Amazonas Av.
You study at UIDE
At home
At work
ON

Surface contact
Ex: There are some pictures on the wall
The book is on the desk
He is wearing a jacket on his shirt
Streets
UIDE is on Simon Bolivar Av. And Jorge Fernandez St.
On the street

IN

Closed places
Ex: They are in classroom 7
You pray in your bedroom at night
Not specific places
Ex: Alice works in a bank
I live in Quito

Pages 113, 114 Worksheets

OVER/ABOVE: At a higher level than something, no surface contact.

Ex: An airplane is over the city.
The lamps are above us.

UNDER/BELOW: In a lower place or position.

Ex: Andy has a party in the apartment below.
His schoolbag is under the table.

ACROSS FROM: On the opposite side.

Ex: The classroom building is across from the administrative building.
Atahualpa Stadium is across from Quicentro Shopping.

IN FRONT OF:
Ex: She sits in front of the TV all the day.
The teacher is in front of the students.
Eddy is very nervous because I am in front of him.

Professor: Norma Cevallos Soria

Technical English 1

BETWEEN/ IN THE MIDDLE OF: (for two people or things)

Ex: Veronica is sitting between Daniel and Tania.
The nose is in the middle of the eyes.

AMONG: (for three or more people or things)

Ex: There is a lier among you.
A mouse is among the cats.

BESIDE/NEXT TO: at the side of somebody or something

Ex: Andreita is sitting next to Bryan
My house is next to a bakery.

INSIDE: In a place or area.

Ex: I keep important papers inside my desk.
What is inside your schoolbag?

OUTSIDE: Opposite of inside

Ex: The sun is shining outside.
I can hear music coming from a place outside.
There is a man outside home. He can be a thief!
THROUGH: From one side to the other.
Ex: The wind is blowing through the window.
I can see your soul through your eyes.

BEHIND/IN BACK OF: At the back of someone or something.

Ex: Javier is sitting behind Gerardo.
The bar in Automotive Engineering faculty is behind the main building

Professor: Norma Cevallos Soria

Technical English 1

NEAR/CLOSE TO: Not far in distance.

Ex: You are near my heart at every moment.
Machachi is near Quito.

FAR FROM: Not near in distance.

Ex: Loja is far from Quito.
I`d like to be far from bad people.
FOR/TO:
Ex: These flowers are for my mother.
She has a surprise to you

AROUND: Surrounding something.

Ex: There are a lot of trees around Juanito`s house.
The ozone layer is around the world

ALONG: (in a line)

Ex: There are many stores along Amazonas Av.
I can see many people selling products along the road.

UP: In a higher position.

Ex: There is a cat up that tree.
Food prices are up.

DOWN: In a lower place.

Ex: It is dark and cold down in the mountain.
Your name is down the list.
UPSTAIRS: On an upper level of a building with stairs.
Ex: The children are upstairs. They are sleeping in bed.
Do you know who lives in the apartment upstairs?

Professor: Norma Cevallos Soria

Technical English 1

DOWNSTAIRS: On a lower floor of a building with stairs.

Ex: All the offices downstairs.
The workshop is downstairs.

ON THE CORNER OF:

Ex: Quicentro Shopping is on the corner of Naciones Unidas and 6 de Diciembre
Av.

AT THE END OF:

Ex: Atahualpa stadium is at the end of Naciones Unidas Av.

FROM: Origin.
Ex: She is going to receive a letter from France.
Luis gets a lot of love from her friends and family on her birthday
BY: A reference (beside or near something)
Ex: There is a good restaurant by my house.
Napoleon always sits by the window.
TO: Direction
Ex: I am going to Europe this vacation.
Are you going to travel to Canada to study?
FROM..TO..: From a place to another
Ex: This bus goes from Quito to Cuenca.
I always walk from my house to my work

MAKE DO

Professor: Norma Cevallos Soria

Technical English 1

MAKE the result is

important
Make
Make
Make
Make
Make
Make
Make
Make
Make
Make
Make
Make
Make
Make
Make
Make
Make
Make
Make

a cake
the bed
noise
a proposal
a mistake
a complaint
a suggestion
a phone call
a good impression
a decision
progress
a face
an effort
sure
money
plans
a discovery
a list
an exception

DO the action is important

Do
Do
Do
Do
Do
Do
Do
Do
Do
Do
Do
Do
Do
Do
Do
Do
Do
Do
Do

the shopping
the homework
the housework
chores
the military service
the gardening
business
well in
a favor
better than
the dishes
damage
crosswords, puzzles
the laundry
the best
the hair, the nails
exercise
the ironing
the work, the job

http://www.perfect-english-grammar.com/make-or-do-exercise-4.html
A AN THE
We use A An to refer to singular nouns (1 person, 1 animal, 1 thing)
A book
A table
A dog
A girl
An animal
An eraser
An idea
An orange
An umbrella
We use THE when:

It is clear or obvious what person, animal or thing we are speaking about

There is lamp in my bedroom. The lamp is on my desk
There is a problem here. The problem is that you dont study
A dog is walking on the street. The dog is tired
Musical instruments
The piano is magical
He plays the guitar
Something that is unique or there is only one
The moon is clear tonight
The teacher is incredible
Names of rivers, seas, mountain ranges and deserts
The Guayas River
The Pastaza River
The Andes
The Sahara
Superlatives
Gerardo is the tallest in class
Do you have the most amazing teacher here? Yes, we do

Page 145 Worksheets

PERSONAL PRONOUNS SUBJECT OBJECT

Professor: Norma Cevallos Soria

Technical English 1

SUBJECT
I
YOU
HE
SHE
IT
WE
YOU
THEY
For the subject

OBJECT
ME
YOU
HIM
HER
IT
US
YOU
THEM
For the complement

Page 162 Worksheets

PASSIVE VOICE
We use Passive Voice when we want to focus on the action. So, the subject that performs the
actions is not very important and it can be omitted.
We can have Passive Voice in all the tenses. Passive Voice is possible when we have the object of
a sentence. It is not possible when we have intransitive verbs (work, rain, smile, laugh, walk,
travel, go, come, get sick, etc.)
ACTIVE VOICE: Subject + Verb + Object + the rest of the complement
PASSIVE VOICE: Object + TOBE and Verb (change according to the tense) + BY Agent
TENSE
Present Simple
Past Simple
Present Perfect
Modals
Present continuous
Past continuous
Future (going to)

PASSIVE VOICE
Object + am/is/are + Verb past participle +
(by Agent)
Object + was / were + Verb past participle +
(by Agent)
Object + has / have + been + Verb past
participle + (by Agent)
Object + modal + BE + Verb past participle +
(by Agent)
Object + am/is/are + being + Verb past
participle + (by Agent)
Object + was / were + being + Verb past
participle + (by Agent)
Object + am/is/are+ going to be + Verb part
participle + (by Agent)

Examples:
TENSE
Present Simple
Past Simple
Present Perfect
Modals

Present continuous
Past continuous

ACTIVE VOICE
People prepare traditional food
for Holly Week
Christopher
Columbus
discovered America in 1492
Students have given me a
present lately
Steven should drink lemonade to
cure his flu
Eddy must study verbs
Diego is threatening me now
They were drawing a big
elephant

PASSIVE VOICE
Traditional food is prepared for
Holly Week
America was discovered by
Christopher Columbus in 1492
A present has been given me
lately
Lemonade should be drunk to
cure Stevens flu
Verbs must be studied by Eddy
I am being threatened now
A big elephant was being drown

Professor: Norma Cevallos Soria

Technical English 1

Future (going to)

Sebastian is going to eat some

exotic food on the coming
vacation

Some exotic food is going to be

eaten on the coming vacation.

http://oud.digischool.nl/en/grammar/hotpot/passive/tegenverltijd.htm
Pages 77, 78, 79, 80, 81 Worksheets
Page 80 is activity for extra points
LISTENING COMPREHENSION EXERCISES
http://www.esl-lab.com/bath1/bath1.htm
http://www.esl-lab.com/tradition/traditionrd1.htm
http://www.esl-lab.com/partyinvitations/partyinvitationsrd1.htm
http://www.esl-lab.com/marriage/marriagerd1.htm
DICTATIONS
http://www.learnenglish.de/dictation/idictationbingo.html
http://www.learnenglish.de/dictation/idictationfolklore.html
http://www.learnenglish.de/dictation/idictationfeast1.html
http://englishexpressyes.com/medium-level-dictations---exercise.html
LYRICS
Taken from: http://www.saberingles.com.ar/songs/exercises/

I DON'T WANNA MISS A THING

(Theme from Armageddon)
by Aerosmith
https://youtu.be/JkK8g6FMEXE
I could stay

Just to hear you breathing,

Watch you

while you are sleeping

Far-away and dreaming.

I could spend my life in this sweet

I could stay lost in this moment

Forever.
Well, every moment

with you

Is a moment I treasure.
[Chorus:]

Professor: Norma Cevallos Soria

Technical English 1

I don't wanna close my

I don't wanna fall

'Cos I'd miss you, babe,

And I don't wanna miss a thing.
'Cos even when I dream of you,
The

dream will never do.

I'd still miss you, babe,

And I don't wanna miss a thing.
Lying close to you,
Feeling your heart

And I'm wondering what you're dreaming,

Wondering if it's me you're seeing.
Then I

your eyes

And thank God we're together

And I just wanna stay with you
In this moment forever,
Forever and ever.
[Chorus]
I don't wanna miss one smile,
I don't wanna miss one kiss,
Well, I just wanna be with you,
Right here with you, just like this.
I just wanna hold you

Feel your heart so close to mine,

And stay here in this moment
For all the

of time.

EVERYTHING I DO, I DO IT FOR YOU

by Bryan Adams
https://youtu.be/ZGoWtY_h4xo
Look into my eyes, you will see
What you mean to me.

Professor: Norma Cevallos Soria

Technical English 1

Search your heart, search your

And when you find me there

You'll search no more.
Don't tell me
It's not worth trying

You can't tell me

It's not worth

for.

You know it's true.

Everything I do, I do it for you.
Look into your heart, you will find
There's nothing there to

Take me as I am, take my life.

I would give it all, I would

Don't tell me
It's not worth

for.

I can't help it,

There's nothing I want more.
You know it's true.
Everything I do, I do it for you.
There's no love like your love.
And no other could give more love.
There's

, unless you're there

All the time, all the way.

Oh, you can't tell me
It's not worth trying

I can't help it,

There's nothing I want more.

Professor: Norma Cevallos Soria

Technical English 1

I would fight for you, I'd

Walk the

for you,

for you, I'd die for you.

I NEED TO KNOW
by Marc Anthony
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fLVzw9wVd9o
They say around the

you've asked for me.

There's even talk about you wanting me.

I must admit that's what I want to

But that's just talk until you take me there.

If it's true, don't leave me all alone out

Wondering if you're ever gonna take me there.

Tell me what you're feeling, 'cause I need to know.
Girl, you've got to let me know which

to go.

[Chorus:]
'Cause I need to know.
I need to know.
Tell me, baby girl, 'cause I need to know.
I need to know.
I need to know.
Tell me, baby girl, 'cause I need to know.
My every

is of this being true.

It's getting harder not to think of you.

Girl, I'm exactly where I wanna be.
The only thing is I need you

If it's true, don't leave me all alone out

with me.

Professor: Norma Cevallos Soria

Technical English 1

Wondering if you're ever gonna take me there.

Tell me what you're feeling, 'cause I need to know.
Girl, you've gotta let me know which

to go.

YOU'RE MY HEART, YOU'RE MY SOUL

by Modern Talking
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4kHl4FoK1Ys
Deep in my heart there's a fire, a burning heart.
Deep in my heart there's

I'm

for a start.

in emotion.

It's my world in fantasy.

I'm living in my, living in my dreams.
[Chorus:]
You're my heart, you're my soul.
I'll keep it

everywhere I go.

You're my heart, you're my soul.

I'll be holding you forever.
Stay with you together.
You're my heart, you're my soul.
Yeah, I'm feeling that our love will

You're my heart, you're my soul.

That's the only thing I really know.
Let's close the door and believe my

heart.

Feeling alright, come on, open up your heart.

Keep the candles burning.

Professor: Norma Cevallos Soria

Technical English 1

Let your body

in mine.

I'm living in my, living in my dreams.

DON'T SPEAK
by No Doubt
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TR3Vdo5etCQ
You and me,
We

be together,

Everyday together, always.

I really feel
That I'm

my best friend.

I can't believe
This could be the end.
It looks as though you're

And if it's real,

Well, I don't want to know.
Don't speak.
I know just what you're saying.
So please stop

Don't tell me 'cause it hurts.

Don't speak.
I know what you're thinking.
I don't need your

Don't tell me cause it hurts.

Our memories,
Well, they can be

But some are altogether

Mighty frightening.
As we die, both you and I,
With my head in my

I sit and cry.

Professor: Norma Cevallos Soria

Technical English 1

Don't speak.
I know just what you're saying.
So please stop

Don't tell me 'cause it hurts.

Don't speak.
I know what you're thinking.
I don't need your

Don't tell me cause it hurts.

It's all ending.
I gotta stop pretending who we are...
You and me I can see us

... are we?

Don't speak.
I know just what you're saying.
So please stop

Don't tell me 'cause it hurts.

Don't speak.
I know what you're thinking.
I don't need your

Don't tell me 'cause it hurts.

Don't tell me 'cause it hurts!
I know what you're saying.
So please stop

Professor: Norma Cevallos Soria