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Phys101

Term: 122

Online HW-Ch05-Lec01

Q1:
An object moving at constant velocity in an inertial frame must:
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

have a net force on it


eventually stop due to gravity
not have any force of gravity on it
have no frictional force on it
have zero net force on it

Ans:

Q2:
Two students are dragging a box of mass m
across a horizontal frozen lake (frictionless
surface). The first student pulls with force F 1 =
50.0 N, while the second pulls with force F 2 =
30 N. The direction of both forces is shown in
the figure. Find the angle (in degrees) between
the resultant force and the positive x-axis. (Give
your answer in three significant figures form)
Ans:

The resultant force F


= F
1 + F
2
F

= (F1x + F2x ) + F1y + F2y


F

Where F1x = F1 cos60 = 50 cos60 = 25 N

F1y = F1 sin60 = 50 sin60 = 43.3 N

F2x = F2 cos30 = 30 sin30 26 N

F2y = F2 sin30 = 30 cos30 = 15 N


F = (25 + 26) + (43.3 15) N = (51 + 28.3 ) N

28.3
& = tan1
= 29.0
51

KFUPM-Physics Department

Phys101

Term: 122

Online HW-Ch05-Lec01

Q3:
Only two forces, F 1 and F 2 act upon a 10 kg box. One of the forces is F 1 = (3 i -4 j)
N. If the box moves at a constant velocity v = (12 i +20 j) m/s, what is the magnitude
(in N) of the second force F 2 ? (Give your answer in three significant figures form)
Ans:
Since the velocity is constant then the acceleration is zero.
Newtons second law:
Fnet = ma

F1 + F2 = 0
2 = F
1
F

2 = F
1 = 32 + 42 = 5.00 N
and F

KFUPM-Physics Department

Phys101

Term:123

Online HW-Ch06-Lec02

Q1:
A small car with mass 1.60 kg move at constant speed of v = 12 m/s in a vertical
circle with radius 5.00 m (Figure). What is the magnitude of the normal force exerted
on the car by the walls of the cylinder at point A (at the bottom of the vertical circle)
and point B (at the top of the vertical circle)?
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
Ans:

= 61.8 N,
= 23.8 N,
= 76.8 N,
= 22.1 N,
= 53.8 N,

A FA = m g +

FB = m g

v2

= 30.4 N
= 10.2 N
= 82.1 N
= 10.4 N
= 64.4 N

= 61.8 N

R
2

v
= 30.4 N
R

Q2:
A flat (unbanked) curve on a highway has a radius of 220.0 m. A car rounds the
curve at a speed of 25 m/s? What is the minimum coefficient of friction that will
prevent sliding?
Ans:
fs = m

v2
v2
s =
= 0.290
R
gR

Q3:
At what angle should the roadway on a curve with a 50 m radius be banked to allow
cars to negotiate the curve at 12 m/s even if the roadway is icy (and the frictional
force is zero)?
Ans:
Tan =

v2
v2
= tan1 = 16.3
Rg
Rg

KFUPM-Physics Department

1 7

Print Assignment: Chap6 ::false


Chap6
1. Test Bank, Question 14

A boy pulls a wooden box along a rough horizontal floor at constant speed by means of a force

as shown. In the

diagram f is the magnitude of the force of friction, N is the magnitude of the normal force, and Fgis the magnitude of the
force of gravity. Which of the following must be true?

P = f and N = Fg
P = f and N > Fg
P > f and N < Fg
P > f and N = Fg
none of these

2. Test Bank, Question 8


A 40-N crate rests on a rough horizontal floor. A 12-N horizontal force is then applied to it. If the coefficients of friction
are

= 0.5 and

= 0.4, the magnitude of the frictional force on the crate is:

8N
12 N
16 N
20 N
40 Nb

3. Test Bank, Question 9


A 24-N horizontal force is applied to a 40-N block initially at rest on a rough horizontal surface. Ifthe coefficients of
friction are

= 0.5 and

= 0.4, the magnitude of the frictional force on the block is:

8N
12 N
16 N

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20 N
400 N

4. Test Bank, Question 20


A crate resting on a rough horizontal floor is to be moved horizontally. The coefficient of static friction is 0.40. To start
the crate moving with the weakest possible applied force, in what direction should the force be applied?
Horizontal
24 below the horizontal
22 above the horizontal
24 above the horizontal
66 below the horizontal

5. *Chapter 6, Problem 27
Body A in Fig. 6-33 weighs 91 N, and body B weighs 84 N. The coefficients of friction between A and the incline are s =
0.57 and k = 0.26. Angle is 44. Let the positive direction of an x axis be down the slope. What is the acceleration of
A if A is initially (a) at rest, (b) moving up the incline, and (c) moving down the incline?

Fig. 6-33
Problems 27 and 28.
(a) Number

Units m/s^2

(b) Number

-0.210924482284

Units m/s^2

(c) Number

-2.117117405998

Units m/s^2

6. *Chapter 6, Problem 60
In Fig. 6-46, a box of ant aunts (total mass m1 = 1.76 kg) and a box of ant uncles (total mass m2 = 4.13 kg) slide down
an inclined plane while attached by a massless rod parallel to the plane. The angle of incline is = 21. The coefficient of
kinetic friction between the aunt box and the incline is 1 = 0.295; that between the uncle box and the incline is 2 =
0.135. Compute (a) the tension in the rod and (b) the common acceleration of the two boxes.

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Fig. 6-46
Problem 60.
(a) Number

1.806530177532

Units N

(b) Number

1.839462493411

Units m/s^2

7. Chapter 6, Concept Question 5


The following questions are in regard to the situation where you press an apple crate against a wall so hard that the
crate cannot slide down the wall.

What is the direction of the static frictional force

on the crate from the wall?

Horizontal, away from you


Horizontal, towards you
Downward
Upward

What is the direction of the normal force

on the crate from the wall?

Horizontal, away from you


Downward
Upward
Horizontal, towards you

If you increase your push, what happens to fs?


Increase
Decrease
No change

If you increase your push, what happens to FN?

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Increase
Decrease
Remain the same

If you increase your push, what happens to fs, max?


Increase
Decrease
Remain the same

8. *Chapter 6, Problem 35
The two blocks (m = 14 kg and M = 100 kg) in Fig. 6-38 are not attached to each other. The coefficient of static friction
between the blocks is s = 0.41, but the surface beneath the larger block is frictionless. What is the minimum magnitude
of the horizontal force

required to keep the smaller block from slipping down the larger block?

Fig. 6-38
Problem 35.
Number

381.482926829268

Units N

Significant digits are disabled; the tolerance is +/-5%

9. *Chapter 6, Problem 61
A block of mass mt = 5.00 kg is put on top of a block of mass mb = 6.00 kg. To cause the top block to slip on the
bottom one while the bottom one is held fixed, a horizontal force of at least 16.0 N must be applied to the top block. The
assembly of blocks is now placed on a horizontal, frictionless table (Fig. 6-47). Find the magnitudes of (a) the maximum
horizontal force

that can be applied to the lower block so that the blocks will move together and (b) the resulting

acceleration of the blocks.

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Fig. 6-47
Problem 61.
(a) Number

35.2

(b) Number

3.2

Units N
Units m/s^2

10. *Chapter 6, Problem 70


Fig. 6-53 shows a conical pendulum, in which the bob (the small object at the lower end of the cord) moves in a
horizontal circle at constant speed. (The cord sweeps out a cone as the bob rotates.) The bob has a mass of 0.034 kg,
the string has length L = 0.63 m and negligible mass, and the bob follows a circular path of circumference 0.65 m. What
are (a) the tension in the string and (b) the period of the motion?

Fig. 6-53
Problem 70.
(a) Number

0.337785155677

Units N

(b) Number

1.582228931849

Units s

11. *Chapter 6, Problem X9


When a small 4.00 g coin is placed at a radius of 5.30 cm on a horizontal turntable that makes three full revolutions in
3.44 s, the coin does not slip. What are (a) the coin's speed, the (b) magnitude and (c) direction (radially inwarddenote 0 or outward-denote 1) of the coin's acceleration, and the (d) magnitude and (e) direction (inward-denote 0 or
outward-denote 1) of the frictional force on the coin? The coin is on the verge of slipping if it is placed at a radius of 14.0
cm. (f) What is the coefficient of static friction between coin and turntable?
(a) Number

29.041466972138

(b) Number

159.133359225244

(c)

Units cm/s^2

(d) Number
(e)

Units cm/s

0.006365334369

Units N

0.428493648982

Units This answer has no units

(f) Number

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12. *Chapter 6, Problem X7


A certain string can withstand a maximum tension of 31 N without breaking. A child ties a 0.36 kg stone to one end and,
holding the other end, whirls the stone in a vertical circle of radius 0.93 m, slowly increasing the speed until the string
breaks. (a) Where is the stone on its path when the string breaks?
1 - Top of the circle; 2 - Middle of the circle; 3 - Bottom of the circle (Give the number of the correct answer.) (b) What
is the speed of the stone as the string breaks?
(a)

(b) Number

8.424329844761

Units m/s

13. *Chapter 6, Problem 92


A circular curve of highway is designed for traffic moving at 94 km/h. Assume the traffic consists of cars without negative
lift. (a) If the radius of the curve is 300 m, what is the correct angle of banking of the road? (b) If the curve were not
banked, what would be the minimum coefficient of friction between tires and road that would keep traffic from skidding
out of the turn when traveling at 94 km/h?
(a) Number

13.056190281952

(b) Number

0.231901402536

Units (degrees)
Units This answer has no units

14. Test Bank, Question 57


An 800-N passenger in a car, presses against the car door with a 200 N force when the car makes a left turn at 13 m/s.
The (faulty) door will pop open under a force of 800 N. Of the following, the least speed for which the man is thrown
out of the car is:
14 m/s
19 m/s
20 m/s
26 m/s
54 m/s

15. Test Bank, Question 45


A ball is thrown downward from the edge of a cliff with an initial speed that is three times the terminal speed. Initially
its acceleration is
upward and greater than g
upward and less than g
downward and greater than g
downward and less than g

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downward and equal to g

16. *Chapter 6, Problem 33


A 909 kg boat is traveling at 86 km/h when its engine is shut off. The magnitude of the frictional force

between boat

and water is proportional to the speed v of the boat: fk = 83v, where v is in meters per second and fk is in newtons. Find
the time required for the boat to slow to 44 km/h.
Number

7.339437530876

Units s

Significant digits are disabled; the tolerance is +/-5%

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Phys. 1251.2
Y. Kubota
Nov. 14, 1997
Key: 1: d,
2: b, 3: e, 4: d, 5: c, 6: a, 7: b 8: a, 9: a, 10: c,
11: c, 12: b, 13: e, 14: e, 15: e, 16: d, 17: b, 18: c, 19: c, 20: d, 21: d.
GOOD LUCK!
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1 mile = 1.6 Km, 1 ft = 30.5 cm, 1 yd = 91.4 cm, 1 inch = 2.54 cm,
1 gallon = 3.8 liters = 3800 cm3 = 0.14 ft 3, k(kilo) = 10 3, c(centi) = 10-2, m(mili) = 10-3,
A B=AB cos = A x B x +A y B y +A zB z,
|AB|=AB sin , AB= (A y B zA zB y , A zB x A x B z, A x B y A y B x )
1
x(t) x(0) = vot + 2at2 and v(t) = v o+ at when a is a constant.
ax2 + bx + c = 0 x = (b
Fi = ma,

b2 4 ac )/2a

W (weight) = mg (downward)

2.

8.

40 lb
60 lb
100 lb
160 lb
none of these

Three books (X, Y, and Z) rest on a table. The weight


of each book is indicated. The net force acting on book
Y is
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)

4 N down
5 N up
9 N down
zero
none of these

0
0.98
3.3
4.5
8.9

A boy pulls a wooden box along a rough horizontal floor at constant speed by means of a
force P as shown. Which of the following must be true (f is the magnitude of the force of
friction, N is the magnitude of the normal force, and W is the magnitude of the weight)
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)

9.

0.06
0.12
0.5
2.0
16

A block rests on a rough horizontal surface (s = 0.50, k = 0.40). A constant horizontal


force, just sufficient to start the block in motion, is applied. The acceleration of the block after
it starts moving, in m/s2, is
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)

11 N
23 N
25 N
100 N
220 N

Two blocks (60 lb and 100 lb) are connected by a string that
passes over a massless pulley as shown. The tension in the
string is
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)

4.

7.

0.15 N
6.010-3 N
2.510-2 N
3.010-2 N
3.510-2 N

The velocity of a 0.5-kg hockey puck, sliding across a level ice surface, decreases at the rate
of 0.6 m/s 2. The coefficient of kinetic friction between the puck and ice is
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)

A 25-N crate slides down a frictionless incline that is 25 above the horizontal. The magnitude
of the normal force of the incline on the crate is
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)

3.

6.

a =v2/r.

approximately W
approximately W/2
much less than W
much more than W
depends on whether he stands on
one or two feet

A short 10-g string is used to pull a 50-g toy across a frictionless horizontal surface. If a
3.0x10 -2-N force is applied horizontally to the free end, the force of the string on the toy, at
the other end, is
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)

g = 9.8 m/s 2.

f = k N.
f sN,
1
K=W,
K=2mv2,
W=Fi r.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1. A circus performer of weight W is walking
along a "high wire" as shown. The tension in
the wire is
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)

5.

P=f and N=W


P=f and N>W
P>f and N<W
P>f and N=W
none of these

A block of mass m is pulled at constant


velocity along a rough horizontal floor by an
applied force T as shown. The frictional force
is
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)

T cos
T sin
zero
mg
mg cos

10. A horizontal force of 5.5 N pushes a 0.50-kg block against a vertical wall. The block is
initially at rest. If s = 0.6 and k = 0.80, the frictional force is
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)

0
3.9 N
4.4 N
4.9 N
5.5 N

11. A 5.0-kg crate is resting on a horizontal plank. The coefficient of static friction is 0.49 and the
coefficient of kinetic friction is 0.40. After one end of the plank is raised so the plank makes
an angle of 25 with the horizontal, the force of friction is
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)

0N
18 N
21 N
22 N
44 N

12. A 5.0-kg crate is resting on a horizontal plank. The coefficient of static friction is 0.49 and the
coefficient of kinetic friction is 0.40. After one end of the plank is raised so the plank makes
an angle of 30 with the horizontal, the force of friction is
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)

0N
18 N
21 N
22 N
44 N

13. The driver of a 1000-kg car tries to turn through a circle of radius 100 m on an unbanked
curve at a speed of 10 m/s. The actual frictional force between the tires and slippery road is
900 N. The car will
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)

slide into the inside of the curve


make the turn
slow down due to the frictional force
make the turn only if it went faster
slide off to the outside of the curve

14. One end of a 1.0-m string is fixed, the other end is attached to a 2.0-kg stone. The stone
swings in a vertical circle, passing the bottom point at 4.0 m/s. The string tension (in
newtons) at this point is about
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)

0
12
20
32
52

15. A crate moves to


the right on a
horizontal
surface as a
woman pulls on
it with a 10-N
force. Rank the situations shown below according to the work done by the 10-N force, least
to greatest. The displacement is the same for all cases.
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)

1,2,3
2,1,3
2,3,1
1,3,2
3,2,1

16. A baseball is hit high into the upper bleachers of left field. Over its entire flight the work done
by gravity and the work done by air resistance, respectively, are
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)

positive; positive
positive; negative
negative; positive
negative; negative
unknown since vital information is lacking

17. A 0.50-kg object moves in a horizontal circular track with a radius of 2.5 m. An external force
of 3.0 N, always tangent to the track, causes the object to speed up as it goes around. The
work done by the external force as the mass makes one revolution is
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)

24 J
47 J
59 J
94 J
120 J

18. A 700-kg elevator accelerates downward at 3.0 m/s2. The force exerted by the cable on the
elevator is
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)

2.1 kN, up
2.1 kN, down
4.8 kN, up
4.8 kN, down
9.0 kN, up

19. A particle moves with constant speed around the circle shown to
the right. When it is at point A its coordinates are x = 0, y = 2m
and its velocity is (4m/s)i. When it is at point B its velocity and
acceleration are (i and j are unit vectors pointing in the x and y
directions.)
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)

-(4m/s)j and (8m/s2)i, respectively


(4m/s)j and -(8m/s2)i, respectively
(4m/s)j and (8m/s2)i, respectively
(4m/s)i and (2m/s2)j, respectively
(4m/s)j and 0, respectively

20. Which of the curves on the graph to the right best


represents v y vs. t for a projectile fired at an angle of
45 above the horizontal?
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)

OC
DE
AB
AE
AF

21. An object moving at constant velocity in an inertial


frame must
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)

have a net force acting on it


eventually stop due to gravity
not have any force of gravity acting on it
have zero net force acting on it
have no frictional force acting on it

vy

O
D

Must knows!!
Multiple Choice
Problems

Physics I
Exam 2 Review
Christopher Lane1,2

Julia Bielaski1,2

1
Department Physics, Clarkson University
Department Mathematics, Clarkson University

October 10, 2010

Clarkson University Physics Club

Physics I Exam 2 Review

Must knows!!
Multiple Choice
Problems

Outline

Must knows!!

Multiple Choice
Chapter 5: FORCE AND MOTION I
Chapter 6: FORCE AND MOTION II

Problems
Problem 1
Problem 2

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Multiple Choice
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Must Knows!!
Constants:
g = 9.81 sm2 Volumes:
VSphere = 34 r 3
VCylinder = r 2 h Surface Area:
ASphere = 4r 2

Clarkson University Physics Club

Physics I Exam 2 Review

Must knows!!
Multiple Choice
Problems

Chapter 5: FORCE AND MOTION I


Chapter 6: FORCE AND MOTION II

Multiple Choice

Clarkson University Physics Club

Physics I Exam 2 Review

Must knows!!
Multiple Choice
Problems

Chapter 5: FORCE AND MOTION I


Chapter 6: FORCE AND MOTION II

Chapter 5: FORCE AND MOTION I

Clarkson University Physics Club

Physics I Exam 2 Review

Must knows!!
Multiple Choice
Problems

Chapter 5: FORCE AND MOTION I


Chapter 6: FORCE AND MOTION II

Question 1
An object moving at constant velocity in an inertial frame must:
A have a net force on it
B eventually stop due to gravity
C not have any force of gravity on it
D have zero net force on it
E have no frictional force on it

Clarkson University Physics Club

Physics I Exam 2 Review

Must knows!!
Multiple Choice
Problems

Chapter 5: FORCE AND MOTION I


Chapter 6: FORCE AND MOTION II

Question 1
An object moving at constant velocity in an inertial frame must:
A have a net force on it
B eventually stop due to gravity
C not have any force of gravity on it
D have zero net force on it
E have no frictional force on it
Answer: D

Clarkson University Physics Club

Physics I Exam 2 Review

Must knows!!
Multiple Choice
Problems

Chapter 5: FORCE AND MOTION I


Chapter 6: FORCE AND MOTION II

Question 2
Acceleration is always in the direction:
A of the displacement
B of the initial velocity
C of the final velocity
D of the net force
E opposite to the frictional force

Clarkson University Physics Club

Physics I Exam 2 Review

Must knows!!
Multiple Choice
Problems

Chapter 5: FORCE AND MOTION I


Chapter 6: FORCE AND MOTION II

Question 2
Acceleration is always in the direction:
A of the displacement
B of the initial velocity
C of the final velocity
D of the net force
E opposite to the frictional force
Answer: D

Clarkson University Physics Club

Physics I Exam 2 Review

Must knows!!
Multiple Choice
Problems

Chapter 5: FORCE AND MOTION I


Chapter 6: FORCE AND MOTION II

Question 3
The inertia of a body tends to cause the body to:
A speed up
B slow down
C resist any change in its motion
D fall toward earth
E decelerates due to friction

Clarkson University Physics Club

Physics I Exam 2 Review

Must knows!!
Multiple Choice
Problems

Chapter 5: FORCE AND MOTION I


Chapter 6: FORCE AND MOTION II

Question 3
The inertia of a body tends to cause the body to:
A speed up
B slow down
C resist any change in its motion
D fall toward earth
E decelerates due to friction
Answer: C

Clarkson University Physics Club

Physics I Exam 2 Review

Must knows!!
Multiple Choice
Problems

Chapter 5: FORCE AND MOTION I


Chapter 6: FORCE AND MOTION II

Question 4
Equal forces F act on isolated bodies A and B. The mass of B is three times
that of A. The magnitude of the acceleration of A is:
A three times that of B
B 1/3 that of B
C the same as B
D nine times that of B
E 1/9 that of B

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Physics I Exam 2 Review

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Multiple Choice
Problems

Chapter 5: FORCE AND MOTION I


Chapter 6: FORCE AND MOTION II

Question 4
Equal forces F act on isolated bodies A and B. The mass of B is three times
that of A. The magnitude of the acceleration of A is:
A three times that of B
B 1/3 that of B
C the same as B
D nine times that of B
E 1/9 that of B
Answer: A

Clarkson University Physics Club

Physics I Exam 2 Review

Must knows!!
Multiple Choice
Problems

Chapter 5: FORCE AND MOTION I


Chapter 6: FORCE AND MOTION II

Chapter 6: FORCE AND MOTION II

Clarkson University Physics Club

Physics I Exam 2 Review

Must knows!!
Multiple Choice
Problems

Chapter 5: FORCE AND MOTION I


Chapter 6: FORCE AND MOTION II

Question 1
A brick slides on a horizontal surface. Which of the following will increase the
magnitude of the frictional force on it?
A putting a second brick on top
B decreasing the surface area of contact
C increasing the surface area of contact
D decreasing the mass of the brick
E none of the above

Clarkson University Physics Club

Physics I Exam 2 Review

Must knows!!
Multiple Choice
Problems

Chapter 5: FORCE AND MOTION I


Chapter 6: FORCE AND MOTION II

Question 1
A brick slides on a horizontal surface. Which of the following will increase the
magnitude of the frictional force on it?
A putting a second brick on top
B decreasing the surface area of contact
C increasing the surface area of contact
D decreasing the mass of the brick
E none of the above
Answer: A

Clarkson University Physics Club

Physics I Exam 2 Review

Must knows!!
Multiple Choice
Problems

Chapter 5: FORCE AND MOTION I


Chapter 6: FORCE AND MOTION II

Question 2
Why do raindrops fall with constant speed during the later stages of their
decent?
A The gravitational force is the same for all drops
B Air resistance just balances the force of gravity
C The drops all fall from the same height
D The force of gravity is negligible for objects as small as raindrops
E Gravity cannot increase the speed of a falling object to more than 9.8 m/s

Clarkson University Physics Club

Physics I Exam 2 Review

Must knows!!
Multiple Choice
Problems

Chapter 5: FORCE AND MOTION I


Chapter 6: FORCE AND MOTION II

Question 2
Why do raindrops fall with constant speed during the later stages of their
decent?
A The gravitational force is the same for all drops
B Air resistance just balances the force of gravity
C The drops all fall from the same height
D The force of gravity is negligible for objects as small as raindrops
E Gravity cannot increase the speed of a falling object to more than 9.8 m/s
Answer: B

Clarkson University Physics Club

Physics I Exam 2 Review

Must knows!!
Multiple Choice
Problems

Chapter 5: FORCE AND MOTION I


Chapter 6: FORCE AND MOTION II

Question 3
A ball is thrown upward into the air with a speed that is greater than terminal
speed. On the way up it slows down and, after its speed equals the terminal
speed but before it gets to the top of the trajectory:
A its speed is constant
B it speeds up
C it continues to slow down
D its motion becomes jerky
E none of the above

Clarkson University Physics Club

Physics I Exam 2 Review

Must knows!!
Multiple Choice
Problems

Chapter 5: FORCE AND MOTION I


Chapter 6: FORCE AND MOTION II

Question 3
A ball is thrown upward into the air with a speed that is greater than terminal
speed. On the way up it slows down and, after its speed equals the terminal
speed but before it gets to the top of the trajectory:
A its speed is constant
B it speeds up
C it continues to slow down
D its motion becomes jerky
E none of the above
Answer:C

Clarkson University Physics Club

Physics I Exam 2 Review

Must knows!!
Multiple Choice
Problems

Chapter 5: FORCE AND MOTION I


Chapter 6: FORCE AND MOTION II

Question 4
An object moves around a circle. If the radius is doubled keeping the speed the
same then the magnitude of the centripetal force must be:
A twice as great
B half as great
C four times as great
D one-fourth as great
E the same

Clarkson University Physics Club

Physics I Exam 2 Review

Must knows!!
Multiple Choice
Problems

Chapter 5: FORCE AND MOTION I


Chapter 6: FORCE AND MOTION II

Question 4
An object moves around a circle. If the radius is doubled keeping the speed the
same then the magnitude of the centripetal force must be:
A twice as great
B half as great
C four times as great
D one-fourth as great
E the same
Answer: B

Clarkson University Physics Club

Physics I Exam 2 Review

Must knows!!
Multiple Choice
Problems

Problem 1
Problem 2

Problems

Clarkson University Physics Club

Physics I Exam 2 Review

Must knows!!
Multiple Choice
Problems

Problem 1
Problem 2

Problem 1
In the following system m1 accelerates downward in the negative direction. Consider
all pulleys to be massless and frictionless and consider both cords to be massless.
m1=6kg =/8
m2=1kg
m3=3kg
m4=5kg
m2

m1

m4
m3

A Draw and label all forces acting on each block.


B Find a simplified mathematical model describing the magnitude of the
acceleration of the system.
C Find the magnitude of the tension in each cord for the values given.
D Find how long it takes m3 to reach the bottom the pit, given the depth, d,
of the pit is 3m, and the system starts from rest.
E Find a value for, , to keep the system from accelerating when released.
Clarkson University Physics Club

Physics I Exam 2 Review

Must knows!!
Multiple Choice
Problems

Problem 1
Problem 2

Problem 2

Clarkson University Physics Club

Physics I Exam 2 Review

Multiple choice
Problem 1
A 50.0-N box is sliding on a rough horizontal floor, and the only horizontal force acting
on it is friction. You observe that at one instant the box is sliding to the right at 1.75 m/s
and that it stops in 2.25 s with uniform acceleration. The force that friction exerts on
this box is closest to:
a) 3.97 N b) 490 N c) 50.0 N d) 8.93 N
e) 38.9N
Final velocity (x) vx = 0
Mass of box is m = 50N 9.8m / s 2 = 5.1kg
vx = v0 x ! ax t, vx = 0
fk
v
a
0x = 1.75 m/s
x
a = v / t = 1.75m / s 2.25s = 0.778m / s
m
x

0x

2nd law taking left as positive


Fxnet = fk = max = ( 5.1kg ) .778m / s 2 = 3.97N

answer a)
Problem 2
A professor holds an eraser against a vertical chalkboard by pushing horizontally on it.
She pushes with a force that is much greater than is required to hold the eraser. The force
of friction exerted by the board on the eraser increases if she: WARNING: The correct
answer may surprise you. Think about the amount of static friction in each case.
A) pushes with slightly greater force B) pushes with slightly less force
C) pushes so her force is slightly downward but has the same magnitude
D) stops pushing E) pushes so her force is slightly downward but has the same magnitude
The three diagrams below shows the possible scenario. In all cases the normal force is
FN = Mg cos! ( ! = 0 for A and B). The maximum static friction is fsmax = FN s . We
will assume that in all cases, the upward (+ y, as indicated below) vertical force cancels
the downward forces so that the eraser do not fall.
A and B
C
E
fs
+y
fs
fs
Static Friction
+x Fcos
!
!
F
F

Applied
Fsin
Fsin

!
F
Force
Fcos
Mg
Mg
Mg
If the eraser is to remain on the wall (not fall) the y-component of the net force must
be zero: Fynet = 0 . The static friction fs < fsmax is calculated for all scenarios below.
A and B
y-component
Fynet = fs ! Mg = 0

fs = Mg
ANSWER: Clearly E!

C, y-component
+y (shown above)
Fynet = fs ! Mg + F sin " = 0

fs = Mg ! F sin "

E, y-component
+y (shown above)
Fynet = fs ! Mg ! F sin " = 0

fs = Mg + F sin !

Problem 3
A series of weights connected by massless cords are given an upward acceleration of 4
m/s2 by a pull P as shown below. A, B and C are the tensions in the connecting cords.
The smallest of the three tensions A,B, and C is closest to:
a. 483 N
pull P
b. 621 N
c. 196 N
d. 276 N
5.00 kg
e. 80.0 N
C
10.0 kg
B
15.0 kg
A
20.0kg
It is obvious that Tension A, TA, between 15.0kg and 20.0 kg mass, is the smallest
tension. To solve see free body diagram on 20.0 kg (m = 20.0kg) below:
ANSWER: D

a = 4.0 m/s2
Use 2nd law
Fynet = TA ! mg = ma

TA

TA = m(g + a) = 20kg 13.8m / s 2


TA = 276N

mg

Kinematics with Calculus


Problem 4 Kinematics with Calculus

) (

!
The position of a particle moving in an xy plane is given by r = 2t 4 ! 3 i + t 5 ! 2t j ,
!
with r in meters and t in seconds. A) find the average velocity and acceleration for the
time interval between t = 1s and t = 3s. B) find the velocity and acceleration at t = 1s in
unit-vector notation. C) What is the angle between the positive direction of the +x axis
!
and a line tangent (i.e. v ) to the particle's path at t = 1 s? Give your answer in the range
of (-180o; 180o).
!
A) r ( t ) = xi + yj = 2t 4 ! 3 i + t 5 ! 2t j

) (

(
) (
!
at t = 3s, r ( 3s ) = ( 2 ( 3s ) ! 3) i + (( 3s )

!
4
5
at t = 1s, r (1s ) = 2 (1s ) ! 3 i + (1s ) ! 2 (1s ) j = !1mi ! 1mj
4

! 2 ( 3s ) j = 159mi + 237mj

!x !y x ( 3s ) " x (1s ) y ( 3s ) " y (1s )


m
m
!
vavg =
i+
j=
i+
j = 80 i + 119 j
!t
!t
3s " 1s
3s " 1s
s
s

4
5
dx dy d 2t ! 3 d t ! 2t
!

v ( t ) = vx i + vy j = i +
j=
i+
j = 8t 3 i + 5t 4 ! 2 j
dt
dt
dt
dt
m
m
!
3
4
at t = 1s, v (1s ) = 8 (1s ) i + 5 (1s ) ! 2 j = 8 i + 3 j
s
s
m
m
!
3
4
at t = 3s, v (1s ) = 8 ( 3s ) i + 5 ( 3s ) ! 2 j = 216 i + 403 j
s
s
!vy vx ( 3s ) " vx (1s ) vy ( 3s ) " vy (1s )
!v
m
m
!
aavg = x i +
j=
i+
j = 104 2 i + 200 2 j
!t
!t
3s " 1s
3s " 1s
s
s
m
m
!
3
4
b) v (1s ) = 8 (1s ) i + 5 (1s ) ! 2 j = 8 i + 3 j
s
s
3
dvy d 8t d 5t 4 ! 2
dv
!
a ( t ) = ax i + ay j = x i +
j=
i+
j = 24t 2 i + 20t 3 j
dt
dt
dt
dt
m
m
!
2
3
at t = 1s, a ( 3s ) = 24 (1s ) i + 20 (1s ) j = 24 2 i + 20 2 j
s
s
m
m
!
3
4
C) v (1s ) = 8 (1s ) i + 5 (1s ) ! 2 j = 8 i + 3 j
s
s
3m
vx > 0 and vy > 0 ,1st quadrant ( !90 0 < " < 0! ). ! = tan "1
= 20.5! , ! = 20.5!
8m

(
(

) (
) (

) (

)
)

) (

( ) (

( )

) (

Work by Graphical Integration


Problem 5
The figure gives the acceleration of a 3.0 kg particle as an applied force moves it from
rest along an x axis from x = 0 to x = 9.0 m. The scale of the figure's vertical axis is set
m
by as = 5.0 2 .
s
HINT: For part a)
Use F = ma , and equation on
work in the back. For part b)
use the equation on power in
the back.
A) Calculate the work done after the particle move from xi = 0m to xf = 1.0m.
Repeat for xi = 0.5 m to xf = 1.0m. Repeat for the interval xi = 0 to xf = 5.0m. B) If
at x = 1m, the particle is at rest (at v = 0), calculate the speed of the particle when
it is at xf = 5.0m.

W=

xf

!x

xf

F dx = m ! a dx = m [ area under the graph ]


xi

For xi = 0 to xf = 1.0m:
1m

!0

a dx =

1
1
1
m
m2
( base ) ! ( height ) = (1m ) ( as ) = (1m ) "$# 5 2 %'& = 2.5 2
2
2
2
s
s

xf

W = m ! a dx = 3kg " 2.5

m2

= 7.5J
s2
For xi = 0.5m to xf = 1.0m: Here I will enlarge the figure for clarity
xi

as
1m

!0.5m a dx =

as/2
minus

0m

1m

0.5m

1m

0.5m
1.0m
1
1
!0.5m a dx = 2 ( base )( height )big " 2 ( base )( height )small
1m

=
W = m!

1
m
1
m
m2
(1m ) #%$ 5 2 &(' " ( 0.5m ) #%$ 2.5 2 &(' = 1.875 2
2
2
s
s
s

1.0m

0.5m

a dx = 3kg " 1.875

For xi = 0 to xf = 5.0m:
5m

!0

a dx =
=

= 5.625J

1
m
m
1
m
m2
(1m ) !#" 5 2 $&% + ( 3m ) !#" 5 2 $&% + (1m ) !#" 5 2 $&% = 20 2
2
2
s
s
s
s

xf

m2

s2
B) For xi = 1m to xf = 5.0m:
xi

!0

s2

W = m ! a dx = 3kg " 20
5m

m2

a dx =

= 60J

m2
! m$ 1
! m$
= ( 3m ) # 5 2 & + (1m ) # 5 2 & = 17.5 2
" s % 2
" s %
s
xf

m2

xi

s2

W = m ! a dx = 3kg " 17.5

= 52.5J

1 2 1 2
mv f " mvi , vi = 0 at x = 1m. The
2
2
1
2 " 52.5J
m
speed at x = 5m is W = 52.5J = mv 2f ! v f =
= 5.9
2
3kg
s

Use the work-energy theorem W = !K =

Angular Momentum
Problem 6
In diagram below a 2kg rock is at point P traveling horizontally with a speed of 12 m/s.
At this instant what is the magnitude and direction of the angular momentum? If the only
force acting on the rock is its weight, what is the rate of change (magnitude and direction)
of the angular momentum?
Direction perpendicular to x-y plane
! indicates +z out of the page
! indicates z into page
Also
+x right
+y up
! ! !
! !
Angular Momentum L = r ! p = mr ! v valid for point particle w.r.t. point O
!
r , r = 8m
Using
rule on
! ! the! right! hand
!
L = r ! p = mr ! v it is easy to see that the
!
direction of L is z or into the page
36.9
143.1
!
v
!
For the magnitude L = L = mvr sin143.1" = 2kg ! 12m / s ! 8m ! .6
L= 115.2kg-m2/s.
Torque !due to gravity on particle w.r.t. point O.
! !
! = r " Fg , Fg = mg = 2kg " 9.8m / s 2 = 19.6N
!
! ! !
r , r = 8m
Using the right hand rule on ! = r " Fg it is easy to see that the
!
direction of ! is +z or out the page.
53.1
! = rFg sin 53.1! = 8m " 19.6N " .8 = 125.4Nim
36.9

This can be expressed in a different unit


! = 125.4kg m 2 / s 2
Using !second law for rotation in terms of angular momentum
! dL
!=
. Hence the net torque is the rate of change of angular momentum
!
dt
Fg
!
!
Since the rate of change of angular momentum ! = dL / dt has opposite direction (+z)
! ! !
! !
compared to the direction of the current angular momentum L = r ! p = mr ! v (-z), the
angular momentum is decreasing. Can you see the similarity with our much earlier
discussion on linear kinetics?
!
!
L
FINAL COMMENT AND ADVICE:
Angular
momentum
and
Torque
depend on
!
!
!
the origin (O). For example, L = 0 and ! = 0 may be zero for origin O, but nonzero
!
!
L ! 0 and ! " 0 in another origin O/. Study angular momentum problems and static
equilibrium problems.

Solutions to

st
1

Major 111

Q1.
Consider a cube of iron of mass 8.0 kg and side 4.0 inches. What is its density in kg/m3?
(1 inch = 2.54 cm)
A) 7.6103
B) 6.9103
C) 9.8103
D) 4.3103
E) 10103

2.54 cm 1 m
l=
4.0 inch
1.02 103 m

=
1 inch 100 cm
V=
l =
1.05 103 m3
(1.02 10 m ) =
3

m
8.0
3
3
7.6
10
kg
/
m
=
=

V 1.05 103

Q2.
Consider the following physical relation: M = C arb, where M is mass, is density, r is
distance and a and b are exponents. C is a dimensionless constant. What are the values
of a and b so that the equation is dimensionally correct?
A) a = 1 and b = 3
B) a = 1 and b = 2
C) a = 2 and b = 2
M=
D) a = 2 and b = 1
M
E) a = 3 and b = 1 =

C arb

[ ] =
[C] [ ] [ r ] [ ]=
[r]
[ C]
a

a
b
b
M
=
] [ r ] 3 [ L]
[M] [=
L
b
=
=
M M a / L3a Lb ML
M a L3a
=
a 1 &=
b 3=
a 3

Q3.
A hot air balloon carrying a 10.0 kg block is descending vertically at a constant speed
of 10.0 m/s. When the balloon is 100 m above the ground, the block is released.
How long does it take the block to reach the ground? (Neglect air resistance)
A) 3.61 s
B) 2.53 s
C) 1.64 s
D) 5.43 s
E) 9.12 s

2
v=
v 2 0 + 2ay

v 2 = ( 10.0 ) 2 9.80 ( 100 )


2

v = 45.4 m / s
v= v + at
45.4 =
10.0 9.80t
t = 3.61 s

Q4.
Figure 1 shows the velocity-time graph of a particle moving along the x-axis. What is the
average acceleration of the particle during the time interval t = 1.0 s to t = 8.0 s?

aavg

v v f vi 5 10
=
=
=
= 2.1 m / s 2
8 1
t t f ti

Q5.
Which of the graphs shown in Figure 2 represents an object moving with a negative
constant velocity?
A) (3)
B) (2)
C) (1)
D) (4)
E) (5)

Q6.
A car moving along the positive x-axis with constant acceleration covered the distance
between two points 60 m apart in 6.0 s. Its velocity as it passes the second point was
15 m/s. What was its velocity at the first point?
A) 5.0 m/s
B) 10 m/s
C) 2.0 m/s
D) 4.0 m/s
E) 15 m/s

a is constant. , v = 15 m / s
=
x 60=
m, t 6.0 =
s, v0 ?
v + v0
2x
=
x
t v=
v find v0
0
2
t

Q7.
A car travels 30 km due south and then D km in an unknown direction. The magnitude
of the resultant displacement is 50 km and its direction is 53o west of south. Find the
magnitude and direction of the unknown displacement D.
A) 40 km due west
B) 40 km due east
C) 45 km due west
D) 45 km due east
E) 54 km due west

d1 =
30 j , R =
50sin 53i 50 cos 53 j =
40i 30 j


R=
d 1 + d 2 d 2 =
R d1 =
40i 30 j + 30 j =
40i


A makes 45o with + ve the x axis

o
B makes 45o + 60
=
105o with + ve the x axis

1.04i + 3.86 j
B=
4 cos105o i + 4sin105o j =

Q9.
Which one of the following statements concerning vectors and scalars is FALSE?
A) A vector that has zero magnitude may have components other that zero.
B) A vector that has a negative component, has a positive magnitude.
C) A scalar component may be either positive or negative.
D) Two vectors are equal only if they have the same magnitude and same direction.
E) In calculations, the vector components of a vector may be used in place of the vector
itself.

Q10.
An airplane makes a gradual 90.0o turn while flying at a constant speed of 200 m/s. The
process takes 20.0 seconds to complete. For this turn the magnitude of the average
acceleration of the plane is:
A) 14.1 m/s2
B) zero
C) 40.4 m/s2
D) 20.8 m/s2
E) 10.3 m/s2

=
assume vi 200
=
i and v f 200 j

v v f vi 200 j 200i
a avg == =
=
10.0i + 10.0 j
20.0
t
t

a avg = 10.02 + 10.02 = 10.0 2 = 14.1 m / s 2

Q11.
Identical guns fire identical bullets horizontally at the same speed from the same height
above level planes, one on the Earth and one on the Moon. Which of the following three
statements is/are TRUE? (gmoon = 1/6 gearth)
I. The horizontal distance traveled by the bullet is greater on the Moon.
II. The flight time is less for the bullet on the Earth.
III. The velocities of the bullets at impact are the same.
A) I and II only
B) I only
C) I and III only
D) II and III only
E) I, II and III

Q12.
A ball is thrown horizontally from the top of a 20-m high hill as shown in Figure 3. It
strikes the ground at an angle of 45o. With what speed was it thrown?
A) 20 m/s
B) 14 m/s
C) 28 m/s
D) 32 m/s
E) 40 m/s

on the y axis :
v yo =0, y =20 m, a = g v y 2 =2ay =2 9.8 20 =400
v y = 20 m / s
on the ground (45o angle) vx = v y = 20 m / s vo = vx = 20 m / s

Q14.
A boy wishes to swim across a river to a point directly opposite as shown in Figure 5.
He can swim at 2.0 m/s in still water. The river is flowing at 1.0 m/s toward the west. At
what angle with respect to the line joining the starting and finishing points should he
swim?

his vx = Vr speed of river (to v in the x direction)


2.0 sin = 1.0 sin = 0.5 = 30o east of north

F net = ma

2a
F1 + F 2 =

(2i + 3 j k ) + F 2 = 2(2i j )

F 2= 2(2i j ) (2i + 3 j k )
= 4i 2 j 2i 3 j + k
= 2i 5 j + k

F
10
5
a = a (0) = =2.0m / s 2 & a (5) = =1 m / s 2
m
5.0
5.0
v = adt =area under the acc. curve =+2.0 5 12 (7 5) 1 =10 1 =9
9 = v = v f vi = v f + 2 v f = 9 2 = 7 m / s

take the system to the two blocks together


M = m1 + m2 = 30.0kg
=
N Mg , =
f k =
k Mg
kN
T2 f k = Ma

find

take the system to block one only


=
k m1 g
N m1 g , =
f k =
k N1
T1 f k = m1a

find T1

mv 2
f s mg
, N
=
=
r
mv 2
slipping f s ==
f s ,max s N =
mg s
mg
=
r

v2 =

gr

v=

gr

(r =

2.0m, s = 0.50 )

Q19.
A 0.10 kg stone is tied to the end of a 1.0-m long rope. The stone is moved in a circle in the
vertical plane. What is the tension in the rope when the stone is at its lowest position and
has a speed of 5.0 m/s?
A) 3.5 N
B) 0.98 N
C) 0 N
D) 0.49 N
E) 1.5 N

v 2 5.02
=
= 25 m / s 2
a =
r
1.0
Fnet =
T mg =ma
T = m( g + a )= 0.10(9.8 + 25)= 3.5 N

Q20.
An object is being accelerated in the absence of friction by a 100-N force. A second
force of 100-N is then applied to the object in a direction opposite to the direction of
motion. The object with these two forces acting on it will
A) Move at a constant velocity
B) Slow down
C) Move in a circle
D) Stop rapidly
E) Move backward

GENERAL PHYSICS PH 221-3A (Dr. S. Mirov)


Test 1 (09/14/09)
STUDENT NAME: __________KEY_________ STUDENT id #: ___________________________
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

ALL QUESTIONS ARE WORTH 20 POINTS. WORK OUT FIVE PROBLEMS.


NOTE: Clearly write out solutions and answers (circle the answers) by section for each part (a., b., c., etc.)
Important Formulas:

1. Motion along a straight line with a constant acceleration


vaver. speed
[dist taken]/[time trav.]=S/t;
trav ]=S/t;
d = [dist.
vaver.vel. = x/t;
vins =dx/t;
aaver.= vaver. vel./t;
a = dv/t;
v = vo + at; x= 1/2(vo+v)t; x = vot + 1/2 at2; v2 = vo2 + 2ax (if xo=0 at to=0)

2. Free fall motion (with positive direction )


g = 9.80 m/s2;
y = vaver. t
vaver.= (v+vo)/2;
v = vo - gt; y = vo t - 1/2 g t2; v2 = vo2 2gy (if yo=0 at to=0)

3. Integration in Motion Analysis (non-constant acceleration)


v1 = v

t1

a d t

to

x1 = x

t1

vd t

to

4. Motion in a plane

vx = vo cos;
vy = vo sin;
x = vox t+ 1/2 ax t2; y = voy t + 1/2 ay t2; vx = vox + at; vy = voy + at;

5. Projectile motion (with positive direction )

vx = vox = vo cos;
x = vox t;
xmax = (2 vo2 sin cos)/g = (vo2 sin2)/g for yin = yfin;
vy = voy - gt = vo sin - gt;
y = voy t - 1/2 gt2;

6. Uniform circular Motion


a=v2/r,
T=2r/v

7. Relative motion
r
r
r
vPA = vPB + vBA
r
r
aPA = aPB
8. Component method of vector addition
A = A1 + A2 ; Ax= Ax1 + Ax2 and Ay = Ay1 + Ay2; A =

r r

Ax2 + Ay2 ; = tan-1 Ay /Ax;

The scalar product A a b =ab cos

r r
a b = (a xi + a y j + az k) (bxi + by j + bz k)
r r
a b =a x bx + a y by + a z bz
r r
a
The vector product b = ( a xi + a y j + a z k) (bxi + by j + bz k)
i
r r
r r
a b = b a = a x
bx

j
ay
by

k
ay
a z = i
by
bz

az
a
j x
bz
bx

= ( a y bz by a z )i + ( a z bx bz a x ) j + ( a x by bx a y )k

az a x
+k
bx
bz

ay
=
by

1. Starting at time t=0, an object moves along a straight line with velocity in m/s given by v(t)=98-2t2,
where t is in seconds. When it momentarily stops what will be its acceleration?

1) Time at which the object will stop corresponds to v = 0


98 2t 2 = 0;
0 t=7s
7
3) a =

dv
= 4t
dt

4) ffor tt=7s
7 a = 28 m

s2

2. At time t=0 a car has a velocity of 16 m/s. It slows down with an acceleration given by 0.50t, in m/s2 for t in seconds. At what instant of time it will stop?
t1

t1

t12 02
t12
v1 = vo + adt = 16 + (0.5t ) dt = 16 + ( + ) = 16 = 0
4 4
4
to
0
t1 = 8.0 s

3. At a stop light, a truck traveling at 15 m/s passes a car as it starts from rest. The truck travels
at constant velocity and the car accelerates at 3 m/s2. How much time does the car take to
catch up to the truck?

When the car catches up with the truck they both will have the same displacement
x with respect to the origin point (stop light), and it will take them the same time
t to reach this ppoint.
For the truck moving with constant speed v = 15m / s; x = vt
at 2
For the car moving with constant acceleration a from rest x = 0 +
2
2v 2 (15m / s )
at 2
=
= 10 s
Hence, vt =
and t =
2
(3m / s 2 )
a

4. A projectile is shot vertically upward with a given initial velocity. It reaches a maximum
height of 100m. If, on a second shot, the initial velocity is doubled then what will be the new
maximum height?

Given:
a) y1 = 100m; v1 f = 0; g = 9.8m / s 2
b) y2 = ?; v2 f = 0; g = 9.8m / s 2 ; v02 = 2v01
Solution
2
v01
0 = v 2 gy1 ; y1 =
= 100m
2g
2
01

2
4v01
= 400m
0 = 4v 2 gy2 ; y2 =
2g
2g
2
01

5. At time t=0 s, a puck is sliding on a horizontal table with a velocity 3.00 m/s, 65.0
above the +x axis. As the puck slides, a constant acceleration acts on it that has the
following components: ax=-0.460 m/s2 and ay=-0.980 m/s2. What is the velocity of the
puck at time t=1.50 s?
y

ay
vo

x
ax

x direction
x
?

vox
3.00cos65.0=1.268 m/s

vx
?

ax
-0.460 m/s2

t
1.5 s

v x = v ox + a x t = 1.268 m / s (0.460 m / s 2 ) (1.5 s ) = 0.578 m / s


y direction
y
?

voy
3.00sin65.0=2.720 m/s

vy
?

ax
-0.980 m/s2

v y = v oy + a y t = 2.720 m / s (0.980 m / s 2 ) (1.5 s ) = 1.250 m / s


v=

v x2 + v y2 =

= arctan

vy
vx

0.578 2 + 1.250 2 = 1.38 m / s

= arctan

1.250
= 65.2
0.578

t
1.5 s

ur
6.

ur

In the diagram, A has magnitude 12 m and B has magnitude 8 m.

(b)

r
r

ur

ur

Find the resultant of the vectors A and B . Express in


(a)
component notation,
((b))
graphical
g
p
form,,
(c)
magnitude-angle form
(a) Component notation

ur
r
r
A x = A c o s 4 5 = 8 .5 m ; A y = A s in 4 5 = 8 .5 m ; A = 8 .5 i + 8 .5 j
ur
r
r
B x = B c o s 6 0 = 4 m ; B y = B s in 6 0 = 7 m ; B = 4 i 7 j
r
r
r
r
r
r
r
r = ( A x + B x ) i + ( A y + B y ) j = 1 2 .5 i + 1 .5 j = 1 1 0 1 i + 2 j
(c ) M a g n itu d e -a n g le fo rm
r =

1 2 .5 2 + 1 .5 2 = 1 2 .6 = 1 1 0 1 m

= a rc ta n

ry
rx

= a rc ta n

1 .5
= 7
1 2 .5

8.

A Ferris wheel with a radius of 8.0 m makes 1 revolution every 10 s. When a passenger is at
the top, essentially a diameter above the ground, he releases a ball. How far from the point on
the ground directly under the release point does the ball land?
y

vo
x

G iven:
T = 10 s ; R = 8.0 m ; y = 16 m ; a y = 9.8 m / s 2 ; a x = 0 m / s 2
Find: x =??
1) M agnitude of initial velocity of the ball equal to velocity of the radial point of the Ferris w heel
2 R 2 (8.0 m )
=
= 5.0 m / s
(10 s )
T
2)) D irecti on of the initial velocityy is tangent
g
to the ppath. At the top
p of the w heel it is directed
along positive direction of x axis. v oy = 0.

vo =

3) C onsider m otion of a ball along vertical y direction. Find tim e of flight t


at 2
y = v oy t +
; t=
2

2y
=
a

2( 16 m )
= 1.8 s
( 9.8
9 8m / s 2 )

4) C onsider m otion of a ball along x direction.


x = v ox t = v o t = (5.0 m / s ) (1.8 s ) = 9.0 m

GENERAL PHYSICS PH 221-3A (Dr. S. Mirov)


Test 1 (09/17/07)

Key

Test 1 sample

STUDENT NAME: ________________________ STUDENT id #: ___________________________


-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

ALL QUESTIONS ARE WORTH 20 POINTS. WORK OUT FIVE PROBLEMS.


NOTE: Clearly write out solutions and answers (circle the answers) by section for each part (a., b., c., etc.)
Important Formulas:

1. Motion along a straight line with a constant acceleration


vaver. speed = [dist. taken]/[time trav.]=S/t;
vaver.vel. = x/t;
vins =dx/t;
aaver.= vaver. vel./t;
a = dv/t;
v = vo + at; x= 1/2(vo+v)t; x = vot + 1/2 at2; v2 = vo2 + 2ax (if xo=0 at to=0)

2. Free fall motion (with positive direction )


g = 9.80 m/s2;
y = vaver. t
vaver.= (v+vo)/2;
v = vo - gt; y = vo t - 1/2 g t2; v2 = vo2 2gy (if yo=0 at to=0)

3. Motion in a plane
vx = vo cos;
vy = vo sin;

x = vox t+ 1/2 ax t2; y = voy t + 1/2 ay t2; vx = vox + at; vy = voy + at;

4. Projectile motion (with positive direction )


vx = vox = vo cos;
x = vox t;
xmax = (2 vo2 sin cos)/g = (vo2 sin2)/g for yin = yfin;
vy = voy - gt = vo sin - gt;
y = voy t - 1/2 gt2;

5. Uniform circular Motion


a=v2/r,
T=2r/v

6. Relative motion
G
G
G
v PA = v PB + v BA
G
G
a PA = a PB
5. Component method of vector addition

A = A1 + A2 ; Ax= Ax1 + Ax2 and Ay = Ay1 + Ay2; A = Ax2 + Ay2 ; = tan-1 Ay /Ax;

G G
The scalar product A a b =ab cos
G G
a b = (axi + ay j + azk) (bxi + by j + bzk)
G G
a b =axbx + ayby + azbz
G G
The vector product a b = (axi + a y j + azk) (bxi + by j + bzk)

i j k
ay az
ax az ax ay
G G G G

j
+k
=
a b = b a = ax ay az = i
by bz
bx by
bx bz
bx by bz
= (aybz byaz )i + (azbx bzax ) j + (axby bxay )k
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

1.Startingattimet=0,anobjectmovesalongastraightline.Itscoordinateinmetersis
givenbyx(t)=75t1.0t3,wheretisinseconds.Whatisitsaccelerationwhenit
momentarilystops?

dx
= 75 3.0t 2
1) v =
dt
2) Time at which the object will stop corresponds to v = 0
75 3.0t 2 = 0; t=5s
dv
= 6.0t
3) a =
dt
4) for t=5s a = 30 m 2
s

2.

3.

4.

G
G G G
G
5. Let R = S T and is the angle between S and T when they are drawn
with their tails at the same point. Which of the following is not true?
G G
G
A. R = S T sin It is true by definition.
G G G
B. R = T S it is true since
i
G
G
a b = ax
bx

j
ay
by

k
ay
a z = i
by
bz

az
a
j x
bz
bx

az ax
+k
bx
bz

ay
=
by

= (a y bz by a z )i + (a z bx bz a x ) j + ( a x by bx a y )k
i
G G
b a = bx
ax

j
by
ay

k
by

bz = i
ay
az

bz
b
j x
az
ax

bz bx
+k
ax
az

by
=
ay

G G

= ( a y bz by a z )i ( a z bx bz a x ) j ( a x by bx a y )k = (b a )

G G
G G
C. R S = 0 . It is true since R S = RS cos 90 = 0
G G
G G
D. R T = 0 It is true since R T = RT cos 90 = 0
G G
E. S T = 0 It is not true since cos 0
7

6. According to an ancient Greek source, a stone throwing machine on one occasion achieved a range of 730 m. If this is true,
(a) What must have been the minimal initial speed of the stone as it was ejected from the engine?
(b) When ejected with this speed, how long would the stone have taken to reach its target?

Given:
x = 730 m

=45D
Find (a) vo = ?
(b) t f
Solution :
vo2 sin 2 vo2
(a ) x =
=
vo = xg = (730m) (9.8m / s 2 ) = 84.6m / s
g
g
(b) Consider y motion. Given: 1) Time of flight corresponds to y=0;
2) a=-9.8 m/s2 3) voy = vo sin 45D = 84.6sin 45 = 59.8m / s
Use equation (3) to find time of flight
2voy 2(59.8m / s )
1
0=voy t f + at f 2 t f =
=
= 12.2 s
2
2
a
( 9.8m / s )
8

7.

A ball is thrown horizontally from the top of a 20-m high hill. It strikes the ground at an angle of 45. With what speed was it thrown?

a) Consider motion along y direction. Choose the origin point at the top of the hill and y
axis directed vertically upwards. The ball is in a free fall from the height of 20 m
Given: 1) voy = 0; 2) y = 20m; 3)a = 9.8m / s2. Find vy =?
Use equation 4. v2y =voy2 + 2ay; vy = 2ay = 2(9.8m / s2 )(20m) = 19.8m / s
b) Since a ball strikes the ground at 45D final x component of velocity equal final y component of velocity
v = vox = vx = 20m / s

8. A girl wishes to swim across a river to a point directly opposite as shown. She can swim at 2m/s in still water
and the river is flowing at 1m/s. At what angle with respect to the line joining the starting and finishing points should she swim?

G
v gb velocity of a girl with respect to the bank of the river
G
vwb velocity of a water with respect to the bank of the river
G
v gw velocity of a girl with respect to the still water
G
G
G
According to the relative motion rule vgb = vwb + v gw
= arctan(

vwb
1
) = arctan( ) = 3 101
v gw
2

10

9.
A girl jogs around a horizontal circle with a constant speed. She travels one fourth of a revolution, a distance of
25m along the circumference of the circle, in 5.0 s. What is the magnitude of her acceleration?

( a ) Find speed of the uniform circular motion.


since qurter of a full revolution travel corresponds to 25 m, and time it takes
equal to 5.0 s the speed of the motion is 25/5.0=5.0m/s
(b) Find radius r of a circular trajectory.
2 r
= 25m, r = 15.9m
4
(c) Find centripital acceleration.
v 2 (5m / s )2
a=
=
= 1.6m / s 2
r
(15.9m )

11

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