Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
EKONS
TAGURU
FOOT BRIDGE L=43m
FOOT BRIDGE
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1.1
INTRODUCTION
1.2
GEOMETRY
1.3
LOAD ANALYSIS
1.3.1
1.3.2
1.3.3
1.3.4
LOAD COMBINATIONS
1.4
STRUCTURAL DESIGN
1.4.1
DECKING
1.4.2
CROSS BEAMS
1.4.3
SUSPENDERS
1.4.4
MAIN CABLES
1.5
MATERIALS
1.5.1
LIST OF POSITIONS
1.5.2
CONNECTIONS
1.5.3
CONCRETE
1.6
INSTALLATION
10
1.6.1
PHASES
10
1.6.2
FOUNDATION
11
2.
BILL OF QUANTITY
14
3.
DRAWINGS
22
1.1
INTRODUCTION
The pedestrian suspension bridge is located in Papua New Guinea, Southern Highlands Province, Taguru
Village across Polu River1. The span for pedestrian suspended cable bridge is 43m, divided in 22 parts.
Bridge walkable width is 150 cm.
This project tasks are:
1. To design safe and eyes pleasant foot bridge
2. To adapt (and optimize) installation technology on remote site
3. To estimate material, works and other costs for construction
Type of bridge is suspension bridge, with adjustable cables for tightening.
Bridge is made by timber, strengthen with steel profiles in constructive joints.
Main cables (4 x wire ropes 40mm) are positioned bellow cross beams (240x290mm) and by suspenders
(wire ropes 14mm) are attached to upper cables. Cables are anchored in both river banks into concrete
blocks. Reccomendations is to use the both side adjustable ends, secured and ready for tensioning during
and after bridge assembling.
Structural calculation shown that vertical deformation of bridge, caused by constant load, will be 5 cm.
Recommendation is to tension main cables in positon reduced for above mentioned value.
All positions of key points must be referenced, followed and controlled by surveyor, appropriate equipped
for remote sites.
For measuring of cable strain and for tightening, it must to be ensure appropriate equipment for remote
sites.
Workers safety is the managements critical path activity.
General Contractor or Investor can check, review and improve methodology only if all stakeholders are
agreed before.
Designers recommendations for safe bridge installation are:
1. The Site Specific Safety Plan (SSSP) must be submitted and approved before bridge installation
2. Specialized workers during bridge assembling must be constantly attached to cables with appropriate equipment
3. During first phase (placing cross beams on 2m interval) only 1 worker can be on bridge.
4. Bridge will be constructed from both side, 1 field-left, 1 field-right
5. Prefabricated Floor End Beams (180x200mm) are connecting with Cross beams by bolts, through
earlier prepared holes
6. Diagonals are placing after Floor End Beams. In this phase, to install just 1diagonal and second
one after first tensioning
7. Final position of bridges referenced points, must be synchronized by surveyor and site engineers
during tensioning2
8. Next phase is placing screw through steel profiles and connection Floor End Beams longitudinally
9. In that phase 2 workers can be on bridge on same side.
10. Construction takt is also 1 field left side- 1 field right side
11. Important next phase is placing central floor beams
12. After that phase 4 person can be on bridge3
13. Concrete works must be done 21 days before installation and concrete must be curred by cold
watter. Frequency is depending by temperature and humidity. First 3 day must be more frequently to
avoid the occurence of small cracks4.
14. Into concrete to place flexibe pipe diameter 50mm. After through hardened pipe, pull through cables.
15. Bridge Pylons are made by steel, anchored into concrete bellow.
16. Concrete anchor block overturning check indicate that
Site data about location, geological investigations, contours, water streams, winds velocity was not available during this phase. Factor of safety was multiplied by 2.
2 Deformations are related with cable type and manufacturer specification and certificates
3 Must be recalculated by Designer or Site Engineer
4 If site conditions are extreme, site engineer can adapt concrete technology by adding admixtures. Concrete strength before timber parts installation must be at least 18MPa.
.
1.2
GEOMETRY
Where:
1.3
LOAD ANALYSIS
Bridges structural model was checked manually in first iteration, later was made 3D model
by software Autodesk Robot Structural.
1.3.1
POSITION
ASSUMPTIONS/CONVERSIONS
LOADING
No.
NAME
1.
DECKING
CL1=WxBxH
Width 1.5m
=9.5x0.18x0.1
CROSS BEAMS
Length 2.0m
=0.17 KN/m
CL2= WxBxH
=9.5x0.2x0.2
=0.38 KN/m
CL21= WxLxH
=9.5x3.0x0.1
=2.85 KN/m
3.
SUSPENDERS
insignificant
0.64 KN/m
(WIRE ROPE)
4.
MAIN CABLE
1.3.2
1.3.3
1.3.4
1.4
STRUCTURAL DESIGN
1.4.1
DECKING
CROSS BEAMS
SUSPENDERS
Vertical suspenders transfer the loads from the deck to upper main cables at 2 meter intervals..
Each suspender must be able to carry 16.35 KN5.
Manufacturer6
5
6
1.4.4
MAIN CABLES
http://wirerope.net.au/products/galvanized-wire-rope/wire-rope-6x36-iwrc/
1.5
MATERIALS
1.5.1
LIST OF POSITIONS
1. Cables
1.1. Main Cables (MC) (4pcs * 53m)
1.2. Suspenders (S) (42pcs * 1.3m)
2. Cross Beams (CB) (23 pcs * 2m)
3. Floor End Beams (FEB) (40pcs * 2m)
4. Floor Beam (FB) (154pcs x 2m)
5. Diagonals (D) (44pcs * 2.5m)
6. Wire fence 2pcs * 1.2m * 45m
Type
Number
Length
(m)
Unit weight
(kG/m)
Bar weight
(kG)
Painting
area
(m2)
Total weight
(kG)
TIMBER
Cross Beam 24x29
1.52
20.18
30.68
123
6.44
23
20.18
40.37
928
48.76
Diagonals 10x18
2.15
8.35
17.96
72
5.85
Diagonals 10x18
24
2.52
8.35
21.05
505
41.13
Diagonals 10x18
16
2.53
8.35
21.13
338
27.53
14
1.52
5.22
7.93
111
11.92
84
2.01
5.22
10.49
881
94.55
56
2.02
5.22
10.54
590
63.35
24
2.01
13.57
27.28
655
42.45
16
2.02
13.57
27.42
439
28.44
27
52.08
20.18
1051.18
1051
55.2
Diagonals 10x18
44
109.56
8.35
915.05
915
74.5
154
303.24
5.22
1582.91
1583
169.81
40
80.56
13.57
1093.36
1093
70.89
4643
370.41
Total
Steel
Cable
1.52
12.16
15
120
1.53
Cable
1.85
1.85
18.26
18
0.23
Cable
1.87
1.87
18.45
18
0.23
Cable
48
2.01
96.48
19.84
952
12.12
Cable
30
2.02
60.6
19.93
598
7.62
Cable
2.03
4.06
20.03
40
0.51
Cable
2.81
2.81
27.73
28
0.35
Cable
2.82
2.82
27.83
28
0.35
0.89
1.04
0.09
Total Cable
182.65
Suspender
Suspender
40
1.2
0.89
1.07
43
1.81
Cable
92
182.65
9.87
1802.42
1802
22.95
Suspender
42
50.34
0.89
44.71
45
1.9
1847
24.85
Total
1.5.2
CONNECTIONS
1.5.3
CONCRETE
Refer to 1.6.2
Since this is massive anchor block for, acting as counterweight reinforcement is necessary in continuous footing
and in some places within concrete block.
2
1.6
INSTALLATION
1.6.1
PHASES
10
1.6.2
FOUNDATION
Dead Load
Combinations envelope
Live Load
Each of 4 fictive points (foundation) must accept following maximum forces:
1. Pylons
a. FmaxX = 310.50KN
b. FmaxZ = 247.73KN
2. Anchor Blocks
a. FmaxX = 250.53KN
b. FmaxZ = 133.60KN
Horizontal forces, bellow pylons, will be accepted by
horizontal ground beam connected to anchor blocks.
Thus, foundation bellow pylons will be dimensioned
according vertical forces and anchor blocks loaded
with additional horizontal forces.
Horizontal forces are changing depend on footings elevation and before construction must be recalculated after
on-site Survey
2 Neglected passive soil pressure, upplift force, active soil pressure, underground water, pylons unfavorable
moment
12
13
2.
BILL OF QUANTITY
14
General
Pos.
I
I.2
I.3
I.4
I.5
I.6
I.7
I.8
I.9
I.10
I.11
I.12
I.13
I.14
Unit
Qty.
lumpsum
1.00
lumpsum
1.00
lumpsum
1.00
lumpsum
1.00
month
1.00
lumpsum
1.00
month
1.00
lumpsum
1.00
month
1.00
lumpsum
1.00
lumpsum
1.00
month
1.00
month
1.00
lumpsum
1.00
I.16
lumpsum
1.00
I.17
lumpsum
1.00
lumpsum
1.00
lumpsum
1.00
lumpsum
1.00
lumpsum
1.00
I.19
I.20
I.21
Unit price
$
Total
$
GENERAL ITEMS
I.15
I.18
Description
Preparation and provision of As Built Drawings and AsBuilt Design documents as specified.
Provision of Reports and Records (photographic
records, site records, progress reports) as per
specification
Clearance of site, including payments for any
environmental demage and project closeout
Provision of four (4) sets of O&M manuals (1x English
and 3x Tok Pisin as per specification
Subtotal GENERAL ITEMS
page 1 of 11
II
OTHER
The Contractor shall insert below all other items which
he considers that costs shall be incurred under the
Contract and for which separate payment should be
made, insertion of costs against these items is not
obligatory and any costs not covered shall be deemed
included elsewhere:
II.1
II.2
II.3
II.4
II.5
II.6
II.7
II.8
II.9
II.10
Subtotal OTHER
I
II
RECAPITULATION
GENERAL ITEMS
OTHER
Total General
2
Pos.
I
I.1
I.2
Provisional
Description
PROVISIONAL ITEMS
Additional tests and samples ordered by the Engineer
Overheads and profit on provisional sum, % as per
Appendix to Tender
Subtotal PROVISIONAL ITEMS:
Unit
Qtty.
lumpsum
10.00
10.00
Unit price
$
Total
$
RECAPITULATION
Total Provisional
page 2 of 11
I
I.A
I.A.1
Description
Unit
Qtty.
Unit price
$
Total $
PREPARATORY WORKS
SETTING UP CONSTRUCTION SITE
Preparation of site: clearing/grabbing up terrain
(removal of bushes and low plants incl. levelling of
terrain), removal of harvest, fruit or forest trees with
compensation to the owners. Relocation of underground
and above-ground installations (if required). Lump sum.
lumpsum
1.00
I.B
I.B.1
I.B.2
I.C
I.C.1
II
II.A
II.A.1
II.A.2
II.A.3
II.A.4
II.B
II.B.1
II.B.2
m1
43.00
m1
43.00
200.00
m3
196.00
m2
52.00
m3
13.00
m3
13.00
m3
31.20
m3
5.20
EARTH WORKS
FOUNDATIONS
Removing humus layer of 25cm with placing removed
material outside foundation pit; humus will be used for
resoiling of storage tank embankment slopes. Removed
humus/overburden will be transported up to 50 m from
foundation pit. Calculation per m3. 28*3.5=98m3 x 2pcs
Levelling of foundation pit bottom with rolling up to the
compactness MS 25. Calculation per m2. 4*6.5=26m2
x 2pcs
Procurement and spreading gravel below foundaments.
Tipping of gravel sub-base is to be done in layers;
compacting and fine levelling with height tolerance +/- 1
cm, up to compactness MS 45. Calculation per m3 of
compacted gravel. 26*0.25=6.5m3 x 2pcs
Tipping in layers of 20cm each and compacting of
naturally wet fine soil around facility and retaining walls.
Soil from excavation (IV category) is transported from
temporary site depony or from borrow area up to 10km
away. Compacting is to be carried out using
corresponding vibro-devices (vibro-plates and
hammers). Calculation per m3 of made and compacted
soil measured at cross-section.
SURFACE AND GROUND WATER DRAINAGE
SYSTEM
Mechanical excavation of trench for laying drainage
pipeline DN100 in the soil of I to V category; trench
width 60cm, average depth 100cm. Calculation per m3
of excavated natural ground. 0.6*1.0*26=15.6m3
Procurement, spreading and levelling sand bedding for
pipe ( 10cm below pipe). Calculation per m3 of built in
sand. 26*0.1=2.6m3
page 3 of 11
II.B.3
II.B.4
II.B.5
III
III.A
III.A.1
III.B
III.B.1
III.B.2
III.B.3
III.C
III.C.1
m3
91.30
m3
26.00
m3
15.60
m2
56.00
m3
8.40
m3
5.68
m3
72.00
kg
kg
2400.00
1200.00
page 4 of 11
IV
IV.A
IV.A.1
IV.A.2
IV.A.3
IV.A.4
PREFABRICATION OF PARTS
CARPENTERY WORKS
Prefabrication of cross beams L=2m, BxH=24x29cm.
Volume per beam is 0.14m3 (40.37kg). Price include
only beam preparation. Steel parts, protective painting
and assembling steel and timber in fabric are included
as other BoQ item
psc.
23.00
pcs
40.00
pcs
154.00
pcs
44.00
psc.
92.00
psc.
46.00
psc.
46.00
pcs
4.00
pcs
42.00
pcs
42.00
pcs
42.00
lumpsum
1.00
IV.B
STEEL WORKS
Prefabrication steel parts and attachment to Cross
Beam
EAP 150x150x10mm, L=450mm, W=9.86kg, side
position 4 pcs per CB
IV.B.1
EAP 150x150x10mm, L=550mm, W=12.07kg, top
position, internal side 2 pcs per CB
EAP 150x150x10mm, L=300mm, W=7.47kg, top
position, external side 2 pcs per CB
Procurement and installation of main cables (type P/N
TBA WR GALV 6x36 IWRC 28MM or equivalent).
Length of cable is 53m. There is foreseen 4 wire rope
IV.B.2
Calculation per piece of mounted cable.
IV.B.3
IV.B.4
IV.B.5
IV.B.8
page 5 of 11
IV.C
IV.C.1
IV.C.2
IV.C.3
IV.C.3
IV.C.2
PAINTING WORKS
Coating of Cross Beam's surfaces in two layers using
protective colors. Calculation per m2 of coated surface.
Area 55.2 m2
Coating of Floor End Beam's surfaces in two layers
using protective colors. Calculation per m2 of coated
surface. Area 70.9 m2
Coating of Floor Beam's surfaces in two layers using
protective colors. Calculation per m2 of coated surface.
Area 169.81 m2
Coating of Diagonal Beam's surfaces in two layers using
protective colors. Calculation per m2 of coated surface.
Area 74.5 m2
Corrosion protection using primer and finishing coatings
or plastic coat (as may be required by the Employer) of
all metal parts of steel structure. Lump sum.
m2
55.20
m2
70.90
m2
169.81
m2
74.50
lumpsum
1.00
V.A.2
INSTALLATION WORKS
Cable installation
Transportation and tightening of wire ropes. Work
includes 3 tightening and securing ends for jointing.
Minor fittings are included in price. Machines and tools
are also within this item. Include all temporarily cranes
and wire ropes. Calculation per properly placed cable.
Main cable 4 x 53m
Suspenders 42x1.3m
Procurement, transport and installation of stainless steel
fence. Height of fence is 1.2m. Length is 49m x 2pcs
Calculation per mounted fence length in meters.
pcs
pcs
4.00
42.00
m1
78.00
page 6 of 11
V.B
V.B.1
V.C.
V.C.1
pcs
pcs
pcs
pcs
23.00
40.00
154.00
44.00
lumpsum
1.00
lumpsum
1.00
200.00
VII
VII.A
VII.A.
1.a.2.1
VII.A.
1.a.2.2
OTHER WORKS
SITE WORKS
Procurement, transport and installation of safety net.
Calculation lump sum
Making protective site, temporary fence with 190cm
high with wire mesh fill. Calculation per m1 of mounted
fence.
TESTING
Testing of bridge in accordance with the instructions
given within design/technical documentation. Lump
sum.
Subtotal OTHER WORKS
lumpsum
1.00
ELECTRICAL ITEMS
ELECTRICAL INSTALLATIONS
Delivery and installation of lamps complete with
sources rhymes light and accessories for installation:
- 2x36W, FT , 4500oK,
Reflector, 200W, Hal, with IR sensor
movement, IP 65
Subtotal ELECTRICAL WORKS
pcs
20.00
pcs
4.00
RECAPITULATION
I
II
PREPARATORY WORKS
EARTH WORKS
III
IV
V
VI
VII
PREFABRICATION WORKS
INSTALLATION WORKS
OTHER WORKS
ELECTRICAL ITEMS
page 7 of 11
3
Pos.
I
I.1
I.2
I.3
I.4
I.5
I.6
I.8
I.9
I.10
I.11
I.12
I.13
I.15
I.17
I.18
I.19
I.20
II
II.1
II.2
II.4
II.5
II.10
II.11
II.12
II.17
Dayworks
Description
LABOR
Rates shall include all taxes, insurance, social costs,
bonus and general allowances
Surveyor
Carpenter
Charge-hand Carpenter
Charge-hand Mason
Civil Engineer
Driver
Electrician
Finishing Mason
Foreman
General Foreman
Labourer (unskilled)
Mason
Plumber
Steel Fixer
Watchman
Welder
PLANT
Rates shall include operator, all operation and
maintenance costs, fuel, oil etc. Only the time the plant
is employed will be paid for.
Compressor (6 m3/min) with 2 breakers
Concrete vibrator engine & poker
Dumper (0.75 m)
Electric welding set including electrodes
Pickup (1 t)
Pickup (5 t)
Plate compactor (3.5 HP)
Tipper lorry (5 t)
Unit
Unit price
$
h
h
h
h
day
h
h
h
h
h
h
h
h
h
h
h
h
h
h
h
h
h
h
h
h
page 8 of 11
III
III.1
III.2
III.3
III.4
III.5
III.6
III.7
III.8
III.9
III.10
III.11
MATERIALS
Aggregate (15 mm)
Aggregate (20 mm)
Aggregate (4 - 8 mm)
Coarse sand for bedding
Concrete blocks 20 x 20 x 40 cm
Concrete C12/15
Concrete C16/20
Concrete C20/25
Concrete C25/30
Concrete C30/37
Demolition, removal and disposal of concrete
m3
m3
m3
m3
m2
m3
m3
m3
m3
m3
m3
III.12
m3
III.13
Epoxy coating
m2
III.14
m3
III.15
III.16
III.17
III.18
III.19
III.20
III.21
III.22
m2
bag
t
m3
m2
m3
m2
bag
page 9 of 11
IV
IV.1
m3
IV.5
IV.6
IV.7
IV.8
IV.9
IV.10
IV.11
IV.12
IV.13
IV.14
IV.18
IV.19
IV.20
IV.2
IV.3
IV.4
IV.15
IV.16
IV.17
m3
m3
m3
m3
m2
m2
m2
m2
m2
m2
Subtotal Dayworks
0.00
page 10 of 11
Bill of Quantities
BRIDGE TAGURU 43m
Summary
Description
1
I
II
Subtotal
$
General
GENERAL ITEMS
OTHER
$0.00
0.00
0.00
Provisional
$0.00
2
I
PROVISIONAL ITEMS
3
I
II
PREPARATORY WORKS
EARTH WORKS
III
IV
V
VI
VII
MASONRY WORKS
INSTALLATION WORKS
OTHER WORKS
ELECTRICAL ITEMS
Total
$
0.00
0.00
$0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
$0.00
$0.00
+ VAT
+ Custom Duties
page 11 of 11
3.
DRAWINGS
22
Elevation 1
Section A - A
+ 3.50
1
+ 2.00
+ 1.75
+ 1.40
+ 1.10
+ 0.95
+ 0.35
Section B - B
+ 0.85
+ 0.65
+ 0.45
+ 0.30
+ 0.20
+ 0.10
+ 0.05
0.00
Section E - E
DRAWING:
1
SCALE:
1:100, 1:50,
Signature:
Drawn by:
REV
A2
FOR CONSTRUCTION
Section D - D
2
Section P - P
Section C - C
Detail 4
Detail 2
DRAWING:
2
SCALE:
Signature:
Drawn by:
REV
A2
FOR CONSTRUCTION
Foundation plan 1
Section G - G
Section H - H
Section I - I
Section J - J
Section K - K
Section L - L
Section M - M
Section N - N
Section O - O
Detail 1
DRAWING:
3
SCALE:
Signature:
Drawn by:
REV
A2
FOR CONSTRUCTION