GOLDENLIFE SDN.

BHD
Investigate case accident at Brick Factory
NO

TITLE

PAGE
NO.

ABSTRACT

1.0

INTRODUCTION

2.0

COMPANY BACKGROUND

2.1 Company Motto

2.2 Company War Cry

2.3 Comapny Ground Rules

3.0

SUMMARY OF ISSUES/ CASE STUDIES

4.0

OBJECTIVE AND SCOPE OF INVESTIGATION

4.1 Objective of The Investigation

4.2 Scope of The Investigation

METHODOLOGY OF THE INVESTIGATION

5.0
6.0

7.0

8.0

ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSION OF INVESTIGATION

RESULTS
6.1 Analysis Based on the Information Given

6
6-8

6.2 Analysis and Result After Done the Investigation

IMPROVEMENT AND PREVENTION METHODS

10

7.1 Employer Responsibilities

10

7.2 Employee Responsibilities

11

CONCLUSION

12

REFERENCE

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Abstract

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GOLDENLIFE SDN. BHD

Investigate case accident at Brick Factory
An incident can be defined as a sudden, unplanned event that causes or could have caused
harm to a person or damage to property. Incidents can happen in any workplace at anytime.
The use of forklift in industry is associated with severe injuries. In this case, investigate by
GOLDENLIFE SDN. BHD., the Safety and Health Officer, severe injuries in Malaysia associated
with forklift use in industry are analyzed and critical incidents and risk assessments from a
number of worksites in Malaysia are presented based on OSHA regulations. This final report
seeks to deepen understanding of the causes of the incident, and recommends additional
corrective actions to prevent recurrence of a similar incident and to improve safety performance
at the site. The main conclusion from earlier research and the present data is that the most
important injury problem is the result of interaction between the forklift vehicle and pedestrians.
Forklift are not recognized as vehicles in regulations or in industry and are not subjected to
systematic traffic management, with the industrial work environment not designed accordingly.
Pedestrian hit by forklift make up 60% of the injuries in the case. The three major industrial
areas with high numbers of forklift injuries are manufacturing plants, warehouses and freight
handlers. Investigations get to the root causes of the incident, so similar occurrences can be
prevented and future losses in the workplace can be avoided. Therefore, an investigation is
conducted to meet legal compliance but more importantly to determine root cause and prevent
re-occurrences. The investigation procedure consists of several components including; secure
and manage the scene, provide notice to the authorities as required by law, identify and
interview witnesses, analyze evidence, determine cause, recommendations, reporting and
follow-up. To achieve goal, the purpose of an investigation is to uncover the direct and indirect
causes if the incident/accident or near miss in an attempt to prevent a re-occurrence in the
future. It also helps measure the effectiveness of a companys safety program.

1.0 INTRODUCTION

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An incident is an unplanned or undesired event that adversely affects a companys
work operations. Incidents include work-related injuries, occupational illnesses, property
damage, spills, fires or near miss events that could have resulted in any of these. All
incidents should be investigated.
An incident that results in a serious employee injury, considerable property damage,
a major fire, or spill obviously warrants an extensive investigation. A minor incident or near
incident also requires a thorough investigation and may reveal significant potential for a
serious incident if the conditions are left uncorrected.
There are two major components that contribute to the cause of an incident. They
are the work element and the root cause.
i.

The work element is the condition or act that directly caused the incident. An
example of a work element might be a small spill of oil on the floor that
someone slipped on.

ii.

The root cause is the system failure that allowed the work element to become
deficient or to occur. For example, a root cause may be a lack of preventive
maintenance that resulted in the fork truck leaking oil on the floor.
A thorough investigation will reveal the root cause of the incident. The purpose of

an incident investigation is to determine the work element and root causes of incident, and
to assist in providing the company with a solution to prevent recurrence.

2.0 COMPANY BACKGROUND

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GOLDENLIFE SDN. BHD

Investigate case accident at Brick Factory
GOLDENLIFE SDN BHD was established April 2012 at Batu Pahat, Johor. The
company was first established in Malaysia. All company policies and regulations refer to
Occupational Safety Health Act 1994 (514), Department Occupational Safety Health and
National Institute of Occupational Safety Health.
GOLDENLIFE SDN BHD provides safety consulting, program development,
investigation and Occupational Safety Health Act compliance training services to all
throughout Malaysia. As needed and required by our clients, we are available to work
nationally.

2.1

Company Motto
It's better to lose one minute in life than to lose life in a minute

2.2

Company War Cry

Expect the unexpected, and always be protected

2.3

Company Ground Rules

Reduce injuries and save lives.

Constantly be aware of conditions in all work areas that can produce injuries.

Aid the company in complying with all laws pertaining to safety.

Ensure that no employee is required to work at a job that is not safe or

healthful.

Place the safety and health of each Employee in a position of primary

importance.

Aid in the prevention of occupationally induced injuries and illnesses.

Aid management in providing all mechanical and physical facilities

required for personal safety and health in keeping with the highest standards.

Establish a program that instills the proper attitudes toward injury and
illness prevention not only on the part of Employees, but also between each
Employee and his or her coworkers.

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Achieve a safety program maintained in the best interest of all concerned.

3.0 SUMMARY OF ISSUES / CASE STUDIES

An accident was happened at Brick Factory where forklift had hit an employee in
cargo area. Based on information from witnesses, Lingam, it appears that the employee
walked into the path of a forklift in a hurry without considering the safety features.
At the same time, the forklift that involved in the accident was carrying a load
exceeding the limit up to block the view of the forklift driver. Due to the excess of the limit
load, load conditions become unstable and cause it to fall past the load override the
employee.
From that incident, it causes the employee has suffered a very serious injury.
Reports from hospital indicate that the employers right leg may need to amputate.
Therefore, the Health and Safety Department from GOLDENLIFE SDN. BHD has taken
further action where the plant manager and several witnesses have been investigated to
give further details about the incident.

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GOLDENLIFE SDN. BHD

Investigate case accident at Brick Factory

4.0 OBJECTIVE AND SCOPE OF THE INVESTIGATION

4.1

Objective Of The Investigation

It is our mission to professionally assist and support you with consulting, training,
program development, investigation and auditing to afford a safe, healthful and productive
workplace for your employer, employees, visitor and contractor. Our companies
accomplish by offering high quality training, investigation, auditing and safety consultation
services that are timely, practical and comply with regulation promulgated by the
Occupational Safety and Health Act and specific regulation of the Department of
Occupational Safety and Health.
We want your company :
1. Expert in safety and health for your company.
2. To know that we stand ready to identify and resolve, on your behalf, any
occupational safety and health issues in the future
3. To experience the benefit of a work environment whether in your offices, at your
facilities of on the construction area.
4. To benefit from a safer, happier and more productive workforce and
5. To be recognized as an employer of choice, while enjoying expanded
opportunities for business growth and overall bottom-line profitability.

4.2

Scope Of The Investigation

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All incidents (including near misses) are investigated
Corrective action are determined that identify the root cause
Corrective actions are tracked until they are completed
Trends are reviewed, gaps are identified and improvement plans are developed
to prevent future occurrences.
5.0 METHODOLOGY OF THE INVESTIGATION

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Investigate case accident at Brick Factory

6.0

ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSION OF INVESTIGATION RESULTS

6.1

Analysis Based On the Information Given

Fact

Idea

Learning Issue

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Action Plan

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GOLDENLIFE SDN. BHD

Investigate case accident at Brick Factory

The forklift
unbalanced due to
excessive weight
at the load end.

Not follow the

Guidelines for Safety
Operation of Forklift
[Operator
responsibilities
OHS Code,Section
256)]

What is the safety

requirement for the
forklift operation?

Safety Training Guidelines

for Safety Operation Of
Forklift

LAW REGULATION
1. [employee must be
trained on safety of
machinery (S.26)]
2. [Employers must ensure
that forklifts have a
durable and legible load
rating chart (capacity
plate) that is readily
available to the
operator.
OHS CODE, SECTION
283]

Site visit (investigated case)

Safety talk how important to
use PPE

LAW REGULATION
1. [ Equipment with rollover
protection (OSHA Code
,Section 271 ]

One serious
injuries on his
right leg.

The operator cannot

see due to the high
load

Do not wear
personal protection
equipment (PPE)during
working.
[ Operator
responsibilities
OHS Code,Section
256)]

Not follow the

Guidelines for Safety
Operation of Forklift

2.
How to educate the
workers on
important of
wearing the
personal protection. 3.

What is the safety

requirement for the
forklift operation?

[ Operator
responsibilities
OHS Code,Section

BEE12202 - OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH

[Safety, Health and

Welfare at Work Act
2005 , duty on employees
to wear PPE provided]
Safety, Health and Welfare
at Work (General
Application) Regulations
2007 , Part 2 Chapter 3
covers Use of Personal
Protective Equipment at
work.

Safety Handling Forklift

Training In Workplace.
LAW REGULATION

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Investigate case accident at Brick Factory
1. [Employers must ensure
that workers are trained
in the safe operation of
forklifts that workers are
required to operate, and
workers must participate
in and apply the training
(OHS REGULATION,
SECTION 15)]

256)]

2. [Training and competence

(OHS Code,Section
256)]

First Aid Course Training

LAW REGULATION

Worker suffered
injuries leg.

Do not get first aid

during waiting to
authority in
charge person.

How to educate the

worker on the first
aid treatment on
site?

1. [The Health and Safety

(First-Aid) Regulations
1981.
Regulation 3(2) states
that in order to provide
first aid to injured or ill
employees, a person isn't
suitable unless they have
undergone:
the right training and
qualifications approved by
HSE; and any additional
training if required.]
2. [ The Health and Safety
(First-Aid) Regulations
1981 require employers to
provide suitable first-aid
equipment, facilities and
personnel so that
immediate assistance can
be given to employees if
they are injured or
become ill at work. ]
3. [Equipment with rollover
protection ( OHS Code,
Section 271)]

Accident occur

Do not use exclusion

zones such as painted
walkways
[ Operator
responsibilities

How to educate the

workers on

importance to follow
the exclusion zones

BEE12202 - OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH

Make Exclusion Zones Provide

clearly
Safety Sign
LAW REGULATION

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OHS Code,Section
256)]

1. [Employers must
ensurethat walkways are
designated to separate
pedestrian traffic from
areas where powered
forklifts are operating and
that workers use the
designated walkways (OHS CODE, SECTIONS
194 & 259)]
2. [Pedestrian traffic (OHS
Code, Section 259)]

6.2

Analysis and Result After Done The Investigation

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ROOT CAUSE

SENTENCE / PENALTY
( Based on OSHA Regulation )
(a)

In the case of an Individual :

(i)
First offence, $10 000; and
(ii)
Subsequent offence, $12 500;
or

1. The driver forklift do not

follow the guidelines for

(b)

Safety Operation of Forklift

In the case of a Body Corporate :

(i) First offence, $20 000; and
(ii) Subsequent offence, $25 000.

[Regulation 3.22 amended in Gazette 14 Dec 2004

p. 6016.]

2. The worker does not wear

(a)

In the case of an Individual :

personal protection
equipment (PPE) during
working time.

(i)

First offence, $1 000; and

(ii)

Imprisonment 3 months

[ Operator responsibilities OHS Code, Section 256)]

(a)

In the case of an Individual :

3. The worker do not use

pedestrian area and walked

(i)

First offence, $1 000; and

into the path of a forklift area

(ii)

Imprisonment 3 months

[ Operator responsibilities OHS Code, Section 256)]

7.0 IMPROVEMENT AND PREVENTION METHODS

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7.1

Employer Responsibilities

Employer should ensure about the compliance of practices and traffic management at
workplace with the following requirement:
All loads must be handled in accordance with the height and weight
restrictions on the forklifts load chart.
If an operator does not have a clear view of the path, assistance from a
signaler who has been instructed in a code of signals for managing traffic in
the workplace should be employed.
Reduce the speed limit around the workplace.
Ensure that all workers know never to step outside of the safety path.
Establishing appropriately sized pedestrian exclusion zones. The speed
travelled and type of load carried will impact on the size of the exclusion
zone.
Require suppliers to provide detailed information on all stability limitations,
capacities at different lift height and lift positions and how the limiting
capacity was obtained.
When buying a forklift, look for stability-enhancing features.
Design all new workplaces to ensure pedestrians and forklifts are completely
separated

7.2

Worker Responsibilities

Every employee should follow the rules and regulations that their company have
legislate to avoid the hazards.
Take reasonable care of the health and safety of themselves and of others who
may be affected by what they do or do not do.
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GOLDENLIFE SDN. BHD

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follow instructions from the employer on health and safety matters.
Workers must participate in and apply the training.
Employees should be kept away from areas where vehicles are working unless
they need to be there.
Employees are under a duty to ensure their own health and safety and, as a
result, must make appropriate use of all PPE provided, as indeed they must of
all control measures identified in the risk assessment
Get to know emergency procedures/ and the location of the first aid kit.

8.0 CONCLUSION

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REFERENCES

1. Roger C. Jensen. Risk reduction methods for occupational safety and health. Hoboken,
N.J. : Wiley, c2012.

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2. Danuta Koradecka. Handbook of occupational safety and health. Boca Raton : Taylor &
Francis, 2010.

3. Mark A. Friend and James P. Kohn. Fundamentals of occupational safety and health. 4th
ed. Lanham, MD : Government Institutes, 2007.

4. Department of Employment and Learning.

http://www.delni.gov.uk/health__safety_accident_reporting_and_investigation.pdf

5. Manufacturers Health & Safety Association.

http://humanservices.alberta.ca/documents/WHS-PUB-bp015.pdf

6. Western Australian Consolidated Regulations.

http://www.austlii.edu.au/au/legis/wa/consol_reg/osahr1996382/

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