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Detailed Lesson Plan

In
Mathematics
(Geometry)
I. OBJECTIVES:
At the end of the lesson the students are expected to:
a. derive formulas for the surface areas and volumes of solid figures; and
b. solve problems involving the surface areas and volumes of solid figures.
II. CONTENT and MATERIALS:
a. Content: Surface Area and Volume
b. Materials: Chalk, Chalkboard, Visual Materials (Solid Figures), Cartolina, Manila Paper, Laptop
and LCD (if available) and Calculator (if needed).
c. Reference: New High school Mathematics III (Second Edition)
III. PROCEDURE/ DEVELOPMENT OF THE LESSON
a. Motivation
TEACHERS ACTIVITY

STUDENTS

ACTIVITY
Good Morning Class!
Good Morning Sir
Can you see the things on my desk?
Can you recognize them?

Yes Sir!
Yes Sir, they are solid figures or three
dimensional figures, naming it from left to
right thats a CUBE, RECTANGULAR PRISM,
PYRAMID, CONE, CYLINDER and SPHERE.

Very good Ivan!

Look around, Can you see solid figures?

Yes Sir, the Eraser, Chalk box and your table

top are examples of rectangular prism

Thats very good observation Jerome!

Sir, the ice cream in a cone which I bought
during recess time is an example of cone.
Sir, the pencil holder in your desk is an
example of Cylinder.
Very good Misty!
Those are just few of many examples of solid
Figures
b. Presentation
Today we will be measuring the volume and
surface area of each solid figure.
Lets start by differentiating VOLUME from
SURFACE AREA
What is VOLUME?
Very good Ellen!

(Students Listens)

Sir, Volume is the amount of space occupied

by a solid figure.

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How about SURFACE AREA?

Sir, the surface area is the sum of the areas

of faces of a solid figure.

Very good James!

To illustrate the difference, I have here a soft
drink in a can, if we talked about VOLUME of this
can Im talking about the soda inside, while
SURFACE AREA is the sheet metal used in the
construction of this can.
Is it clear class?

(Students Listens)

Yes Sir!

CUBE

(the teacher will let the students hold and

observe the sample figure)
What solid is this?

Sir, its a CUBE

What special features do you observed with the

figure?

Sir, it has six (6) square faces.

Very good Norma!

Since it has 6 faces (square), we can solve its
surface area by finding the sum of this faces.
Scube= 6s2
where s are the measure of the side of square
or cube.

Sir, I will try

Solving for surface area:

Thus, to solve for its volume, we multiply the three

dimension of this solid
VCUBE= s3
Lets have an example, find the volume and
surface area of the figure below.
VCUBE= s3
VCUBE= 53
VCUBE= 125 cubic inches

5 inches

Who wants solve the problem?

Very Good Stella!
RECTANGULAR PRISM

widt

Length

Heigh

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According to Jerome a while ago, ERASER, BOOK

and my TABLETOP are the best representation of
this figure, the RECTANGULAR PRISM.
(the teacher will let the students hold the figure)
What special feature do you observed with the
the
figure?

(Students Listen)
Sir, I observed that the faces of
rectangular prism are congruent and parallel
Sir, I also observed that the opposite
faces of the rectangular prism are congruent
and parallel

Both of you are correct. Using this property we can

measure its surface area by getting all the area of
faces (rectangle), thus
SRECTANGULAR PRISM=

2lw +2 wh+2 lw

While for its volume, we multiply the three dimension, thus

VRECTANGULAR PRISM=

(Students Listen)

lxw xh

Any question with the formula?

None Sir!

So lets have thus example:

A rectangular prism has the following dimensions 8 by 2 by 4 inches respectively. Find the
volume and surface area.
Who wants to solve?

Solving for surface area:

SRECTANGULAR PRISM=

2lw +2 wh+2 lw

SRECTANGULAR PRISM=

2(8 x 4)+2(2 x 4 )+ 2(8 x 2)

SRECTANGULAR PRISM=

2(32)+ 2(8)+ 2(16)

SRECTANGULAR PRISM= 112 square inches

Solving for its volume:

Thats correct! Very good Nicole.

PYRAMID

VRECTANGULAR PRISM=

lxw xh

VRECTANGULAR PRISM=

8 x2 x 4

VRECTANGULAR PRISM=

64 cubic inches

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Slant Height

Lengt
h

Width

H
e
i
g
h
t

Have you heard, read or seen in television about

the Egyptian Pyramids?

Yes Sir!

I have here a sample figure of pyramid

(the teacher will let the student hold and observe
the figure)
Describe it!

Sir, the faces of pyramid except the base, are

Triangles.
I also notice that the triangular face of the

pyramid meet at a common point.

That was very good observation Alvin!
TAKE NOTE: the base of a pyramid can be a different sided polygon. A pyramid is named according
to its base. A pyramid may be triangular, square, or
pentagonal depending on its base

(Students Listens)

Using its properties, we can find the surface area of

a pyramid by adding the area of the base to the
sum of the areas of all triangular faces.
SPYRAMID=
where;

B+ n(

sl
)
2

B= area of base
n= number of triangular faces
s= length of side
l= slant height

(Students Listens)

and for its volume

VPYRAMID=
where;

1
Bh
3
B= area of base
h= height

Any question with the formula class?

None Sir!

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Then lets try and solve the figure in the board

3 cm

5 cm

8 cm

Who wants to solve the volume and surface area?

Sir, I would like to try!

For its surface area:
SPYRAMID=

B+ n(

sl
)
2

SPYRAMID=

8 +4 (

8 x5
)
2

SPYRAMID=

64+ 80

SPYRAMID=

144 squareinches

and for its volume:

VPYRAMID=

1
Bh
3

VPYRAMID=

1 2
8 (3)
3

VPYRAMID=

1 2
8 (3)
3

VPYRAMID=

64 (3)
3

VPYRAMID= 64 cubic inches

Very Good Vic!
CONE

Height

radius

slant
height

(the teacher let the student hold and observe the

figure)
Did you notice that the base is circle?

Yes Sir!

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A cone is a solid figure with a vertex and a circular
base.

(Students Listens)

To solve for its SURFACE AREA of the cone we need

to find the sum of the lateral area and circular base
(see figure)

SCONE=

rl+ r

where:
l= slant height
r= radius

(Students Listens)

And to solve for the volume of the cone, we use;

VCONE =

1 2
r h
3

where: r= radius
h= height
= 3.14
Lets have an example, the figure on the board is a
cone with measures of its parts.

Sir, I will try

Solving for the surface area of the cone

7.21 cm.
5 cm.

SCONE=

rl+ r

SCONE=

(3.14)(4)(7.21)+(3.14)(4 )2

SCONE

140.80 square centimeter

Solving for the volume of the cone

4
cm.

VCONE =

Very Good Sonny!

CYLINDER

Heigh
t

radius

Another solid figure is a cylinder (the teacher will let

the students hold and observe the figure)

1 2
r h
3

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What significant features you can observe in that
circular
figure?

Sir, it has parallel and congruent

bases.

Very Good Toni!

To solve for the surface area, we rolled out the cylinder.

What can you notice?

rectangle

Sir, I can see two circles and a

thats correct!
Thus, to solve for its surface area we need to find the
sum of the area of rectangle and 2 circles.
SCYLINDER= ARECTANGLE + 2 ACIRCLE
SCYLINDER=

lw+ 2( r 2 )

since l= circumference of circle =

2 r

and

w=height of the circle, we rewrite the formula as

SCYLINDER=

2 rh+2 r

(Students Listens)

and to solve for its volume, we use the formula:

VCYLINDER=

r 2h

Any question with the formula class?

None Sir!

Lets try this example. Find the volume and surface

area of the solid

2 cm.

Sir, I will solve for the volume and

surface area
SCYLINDER=

2 rh+2 r 2

SCYLINDER=

2(3.14)(2)(5)+ 2(3.14)(2)2

SCYLINDER=

62.8+25.12

SCYLINDER

87.92 square centimeter

Volume:
5 cm.

VCYLINDER=

r h

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Very Good Samuel!
SPHERE
r

Another solid which we find very common in our everyday life is the sphere
(the teacher will let the student hold and observe the
figure)
For us to measure the surface area of the sphere, we
use the formula
SSPHERE=

4r

(Students Listens)

and for volume

VSPHERE=

4 3
r
3

where r is the radius of sphere

c. Activity/ Application
Its time to apply our learnings in finding volume and
surface area.
The class will be divided (3 or more groups)

(Student will group themselves)

Task: Find the volume and surface area of the things/

objects assigned to the group.
Class, before we start assign first your leader and secretary
(Every group will be given a maximum of 10 minutes
in solving their respective objects and a maximum of
their
5 minutes for the reporting of results)
Items

(Student will proceed to

respective groups and will
participate)

included are the following:

Golf ball, Marble, Junior ball
Dice, Toy cube
ring box, gift box, cellphone box
softdrink can, empty can good in different sizes
cone (ice cream)
model of a pyramid

Note: Each item has an attached paper where the

values necessary for solving surface area and its
volume are given.
(The teacher will roam around to make sure that activities are being followed and to answer inquiries or
clarifications related to the activity)
(After the activity, a participant of the group will report

(Students Listens)

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their solution in front of the class)
(result of each group will be submitted to the teacher
after the activity)
d. Summary
A space figure or three dimensional solid figure has faces, edges, and vertices
The surface area S is the sum of the area of its faces
The volume V of a solid is the number of cubic units contained in it.
Cube:
Scube= 6s2
and
V CUBE= s3
Prism (rectangular): SRECTANGULAR PRISM=

2 rh+2 r 2

Cylinder: SCYLINDER=

Pyramid: SPYRAMID=

Cone:

Sphere:

B+ n(

SCONE=

SSPHERE=

sl
)
2

rl+ r 2

4 r2

2lw +2 wh+2 lw
and VCYLINDER=

r 2h

1
Bh
3

and VPYRAMID=

and VCONE =

lxwxh

and VRECTANGULAR PRISM=

1 2
r h
3

and VSPHERE=

4 3
r
3

IV. EVALUATION
Direction: Solve the following
1. A sewing box has the dimension 10 cm by 8 cm
by 5 cm. What is its volume?

(Answer Key)
V= 10 x 8 x 5
V= 400 cubic centimeter

2. A cylindrical tank has a radius of 1.5 cm and a

height of 8 cm
a. How much material was used making it?

b. determine how much water the tank contains

a. SCYLINDER=

SCYLINDER=

2 rh+2 r 2

1.5

2(3.14)(1.5)(8)+2(3.14)

SCYLINDER 82.42 square centimeters

b. VCYLINDER=

r 2h

VCYLINDER=

1.5

(3.14)

VCYLINDER 56.52 cubic centimeters

3. The base of a rectangular pyramid is 8 cm by 10
cm. If its height and slant height are 12 cm and

3. VPYRAMID=

1
Bh
3

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15 cm respectively, what is its volume?

VPYRAMID=

VPYRAMID=

1
( 8 ) ( 10 ) (12 )
3

320 cubic centimeters

IV. ASSIGNMENT
Direction: Solve the problem below ( Use the figure
below)

2
cm
2
cm

2
cm
2
cm

1. A piece of cardboard, whose length is 20 cm and

whose width is 10 cm, is folded on the dotted lines
to make an OPEN box. Find the following
a. Height of the box
b. Surface area of the open box
not

a. 2 centimeters
b. Since it is an OPEN box, one of its face is
multiplied by 2.
S= 2(2)(16) + 2(2)(6) + 16(6)
S= 184 square centimeters

c. Volume of the box

c.
V= l x wx h
V= (2)(16)(6)
V= 192 cubic centimeters

Prepared by:
Jeffreynald A. Francisco