USTER CLASSIMAT:

The appearance of a fault in the finished product, i.e. a woven or knitted fabric, is largely
determined by its size. A yarn fault classification according to cross-section and length is therefore
the basis for the assessment of yarn faults.
USTER classimat is used for thedetection and classification of faults in the
yarn. We can also cut the yarn faults, but this is notdone for production point
of view.
HISTORY:
The USTER CLASSIMAT 1 consisted of an analog computer and was sold in
1968 for thefirst time. The installation soon became the standard for the
textile industry. Large knitters andweavers introduced the CLASSIMAT values
to the yarn suppliers with the intention to specifythe classes in which they
would no longer accept faults. Many spinning mills used theCLASSIMAT for
setting the clearing curve and for checking the clearing with spot checks on
thecleared yarn. The USTER CLASSIMAT 1 was capable of counting faults in
16 thick place classes.Thick places were registered when the mass increase
with respect to the yarn meanvalue reached 100%. For textile specialists who
had been using the USTERCLASSIMAT for yarn analyses, the USTER
CLASSIMAT GRADES were introduced already in1969. These images of yarn
faults were representative of the 16 fault classes. On the one hand,these
grades made it easier for spinners to decide which faults had to be
eliminated. On theother hand, they served as a common basis for
agreements between spinners andweavers/knitters.

The USTER CLASSIMAT 2 was a digital computer that was introduced to the
market in1978. The system was capable of classifying yarn faults in three
additional thick place classesand four thin place classes, because the
generation of the USTER CLASSIMAT 1 could no longermeet the customers
requirements. The additional classes were called E, F, G, H1, H2, I1 and I2 Furthermore, it

was possible to print out the results of the USTER CLASSIMAT 2.The USTER
CLASSIMAT3 , finally, came on the market in 1994
. It was the first testing unit that was based on a standard personal
computer. Again, the system was further extended to meet the needs of ply
yarn producers as well. This required the introduction of 4 additional thick
place classes between +75 and +100%, which were called A0, B0, C0 and
D0. In addition, another 6 thin place classes, TB1, TC1, TD1, TB2, TC2 and
TD2, were introduced, because the textile industry had become more and
more sensitive to thin places.
USTER CLASSIMAT generations and their functions
SCOPE OF CLASSIMAT:
From a statistical point of view, it is difficult to determine the frequency of
yarn faults by testing random samples. Firstly, we are dealing with seldomoccurring events, which mean that a large amount of testing material is
required for a statistically reliable measurement result. Secondly, yarn faults
are not evenly distributed within a lot. If a yarn normally shows one
disturbing fault per bobbin, for example, there will always be individual
bobbins with 10, 50 or even more disturbing faults. This means that the
faults are not normally distributed within a yarn lot and that the rules for the
calculation of the confidence limits based on the normal

distribution are therefore not applicable. With the application of the central
theorem of limits, we can get around this difficulty, because the theorem
says that the mean values of partial groups of a population are normally
distributed even if that population as a whole is not normally distributed. It is
therefore advisable to divide the test sample of a classification into at least
five partial samples of the same size (e.g. 100 km of yarn). Each partial
sample is tested separately. The statistical evaluation is carried out
automatically by the USTER CLASSIMAT QUANTUM.

It is advisable to combine the sampling for a yarn classification with another

laboratory test. With a large range of products, you can use partial bobbins
of sorted yarns, which are usually tested in the laboratory anyway, either
periodically or after changes have been made at the ring spinning machine.
These partial bobbins and, depending on the size of a test, full bobbins as
well, are to be stored in an air-conditioned location and are tested if enough
material (100 km for each partial sample) is available. At least four partial
samples of 100 km each are required for a statistical evaluation with the
USTER CLASSIMAT QUANTUM
Frequency of tests: once a month
Sample size: 400 to 600 km (4 to 6 partial samples)
Small orders, which often run for a relatively short time, require a different
way of sampling. Partial samples of 100 km of yarn are taken directly from a
spinning machine and then tested. A sample can consist of yarn from one
machine or from several machines with the same material. This sampling
method is appropriate for yarn fault analyses as well. The sample size has to
be adjusted depending on the importance of a test or the available amount
of material. If the USTER CLASSIMAT QUANTUM is operated online at an
automatic winder, there is a constant supply of material that usually ensures
a proper sample size. To improve there liability of the evaluations, the size of
partial samples can be increased up to 500 km. However, it must be
considered that a test has to be monitored whenever possible.
TESTING CONDITIONS:
The optimum ambient conditions are provided in a closed room with a
standard atmosphere, i.e. with a temperature of 20 2C and a relative
humidity of 65% 2%. The standard atmosphere in tropical areas (ISO 139)
is defined as a temperature of 27 2C and a relative humidity of 65%
2%.The classification system has to be protected from warm exhaust air and
fast-moving air currents, and the measuring heads have to be protected from
dirt. The environment has to be kept as clean as possible to prevent
unnecessary faulty measurements.

CLASSIMAT

Short Thick Places:

Long Thick Places:

Fault Groups:
Unacceptable faults
A4, B4, C4, D4, C3, D3, D2
Major faults
A3, B3, C2, D1, E, F, G, H2, I1, I2
Minor faults
A2, B2, A1, B1, C1, H1
Fault Type:

Neps
Short thick place
Long thick place
S pinners double
Thin place
Long thin place

A3
A1, A2, A3, A4, B1, B2, B3, B4, C1C2, C3, C4, D1, D2, D3, D4
F, G
E
H1, H2
I1, I2

Reasons Chart:
A4
A3
A2
A1
B4
B3
B2
B1
C4
C3
C2
C1
D4
D3
D2
D1
E
F
G
H1
H2
I1
I2

Ring front zone dirty, Fly, Waste in trumpet

Neps, Fluff, Foreign matter, Dirty drafting zone
Bad condition of carding, Blow room, Trash in yarn
Bad condition of carding, Blow room, Trash in yarn
Slub from ring department
Fluff in ring traveller, unsuitable traveller and bad piecing
Fibre damage during process, spindle without aprons
Fibre damage during process, spindle without aprons
Floating fibres, Fly,Slub
Ring piecing
Bad piecing in cans, Sliver entanglement
Bad piecing in cans,Sliver entanglement
More fluff in ring department
More fluff in ring department
Simplex gauge problem,Spacer, Apron
Floating fibres
Double yarn
Bad piecing in ring, simplex and back process
Bad piecing in ring, simplex and back process
Eccentric bobbins of simplex, ring, and eccentric spindles
Poor handling of material
Long thin places due to separation of sliver or roving prior to spinning
Long thin places due to separation of sliver or roving prior to spinning

SUMMARY:
The USTER CLASSIMAT QUANTUM is a complex testing system that offers the
customera multitude of applications and evaluation possibilities. It can be
used for productionmonitoring or as an analysis instrument for the clearer
setting and for the preparation of supplyagreements or quality
certificates.USTER CLASSIMAT if used in a proper way can increase the
quality of the product andalso the faulty process can be identified and even
the fault producing part can be determinedwhich was not possible a few
years ago.