UNIVERSAL MACHINE

OPERATING

TOOL

INSTRUCTION

(^Mr^^

MODEL:
SWING OVER BED:
DRILLING CAPACITY:
STROKE OF RAM:
WORKING AREA:
MACHINE NO:
oi^o^l

420mm
38mm
275mm
200mmx600mm

Vh:

NANTONG

\^2olBJ^^ If

SANDE

MACHINERY

CO., LTD.

CONTENTS

1. GENERAL INSTRUCTION
1-A MODEL,NAME, PATENT NUMBER OF MACHINE TOOL
1 -B OUTLINE

1-C FEATURES AND APPLICATION

1
1
1
2

2. MAIN SPECIFICATION AND DESIGN PARAMENTERS

3. CONSTRUCTION AND WORK PRINCIPLE

3-1 CONSTRUCTION-
3-2 WORKING PRINCIPLE

4
4
7

4. LIFTING AND MAINTENANCE

15

5. INSTALLATION, ADJUSTMENT AND TRIAL

18

6. LUBRICATION-

20

7. LIST OF ROLLER BEARINGS

21

8. OPERATING

23

9. MAINTENANCE

30

10. BREAK DOWN AND REPARATION

31

1.

General instruction

1-A. Model,name and patent number of machine tool.

Model:
Name: Universal Machine TOOL
1-B. Outline

Fig. 1 Outline of The Universal Machine Tool

1. Lathe

2. Drill & mill part

3. Horizontal mill part

4. Shaper

1-C. Features and applications

The universal machine tool has flmctions of
horizontal).

lathe, drill, shaper and mill (longitudinal,

Each function can be operated separately from other accessories.

This machine tool is good at geometric precision, high at working altitude and higher in
productivity. Through the medium of slideway made from the high quality wear-resisting
cast-iron which produced with supersonic quench and finish grinding, the all gears of
headstock were also quenched and finish grinded. For reduce the noise, some handwheel were
used the nonmetal gears, so the machine tool is long-lasting and lower at noise. For the
cutting, drilling and milling, the machine tool set up a special "ON", "OFF" safety
interlocking mechanism, the overload safety device fixed in the apron. The machine tool is
reliable to use, easy to operate. The construction of the machine tool is compact, the color of
the external form is pleasant and using ground to fix is small. The users also can order the
machine tool at the function you choosed.
The machine tool is mainly using to cutting, planning, milling and drilling, to machining
the various rotational surface, such as external surface of cylinder, surface of taper of forming
rotational surfaces; planning the various planes, flutes, etc; drilling and boring the various
holes; and also processing the metric thread, British thread, modulus thread and diametral
pitch thread etc.
The Universal Machine Tool is applied to the maintenance departments of ships, outdoor
working groups, industrial and mining enterprises, etc.

2. Main specifications and design parameters

2-A. Lathe

Unit (mm)

Swing over bed

420

Swing over carriage

250

Swing in gap

650

Valid width in gap

100

Max.lathing length

1000 (QN6004) /1500 (QN6004/2)

Taper of main spindle

MT

Dia. Of spindle thru. Hole

N0.5
35

Taper of tailstock spindle

MT

Section dimension of cutter arbor

N0.4
20 X 20

Spindle speed

12steps

Longitudinal feed

31 steps 0.129-2.056 mm/r

Cross feed

3Isteps 0.063-1

Metric threading
Inch threading
Travelling distance of tailstock spindle

22.4-1000 r/min

23kinds
24kinds

mm/r
0.25-6
2-32 t.p.i.
100

2-B. Shaper
Max. stroke of ram

275

Max. horizontal travel of table

150

Max. distance from table to ram

205

Working area of table (W X L)

200X600

Max. vertical travel of carriage

50

Width of T -slot in table

12

Center distance and number of T-slot

63mm, 3

Ram speed

3 steps

Longitudinal mechanical feed of table

25-50 r/min

5kinds 0.15-0.76

2-C. Milling, drilling

Max. drilling capacity

38

Span

200

Distance between spindle nose and table

Size of table (W X L)

MAX

650

200 X 600

Taper of spindle hole

MT

Max. bearing capacity of table (kg )

N0.4
120

Dia. of spindle thru. Hole

15

Spindle speed

6sLeps 140-600 r/min

Travel of spindle

100

Horizontal travel of table

150

Vertical travel of table

275

Travel of knee

500

Max. Dia. of milling cutter tool

face mill:63
end mill: 16

2-D. Horizontal

milling

Taper of spindle

MT

Dia. of cutter arbor

N0.3
25.4; 22

Distance between main spindle and overarai

131

Cross travel of table

150

Longitudinal travel of table

275

Vertical travel of table

500

Spindle speed (r/min)

6steps 90-500

2-E. Power of main motor

3Kw 50Hz 1440r/min

60Hz 1720r/min

Motor power of cooling pump

40W
3

2-F. Mass of machine tool(kg)

Overall dimention of machine tool

~2500(QN6004)
2653x1228x1680

~2700(QN6004/2)
3153x1228x1680
(LxWxH)

2-G. The machine tool's colour:

2-H. Power source:
Control power source:

phase_
_V sigle-phase_

.Hz

AC
Hz

2-J. Grade of motor's insulation

2-K. Main motor protection:IP_

3.

Construction and working principle

3.1

Construction
The Universal Machine Tool is mainly composed of the following units, its overall
view is shown as Fig.2.
3.1.1 Turning unit
3.1.1.1 The gear-box 13, which is located at the back-left side of the bed 1, is the prepositive
gearshift for the turning, drilling and milling movements, it is also the gearshift
mechanism for the planning movement of the ram 10.
3.1.1.2 Headstock 2, at the left side of bed, it has one turning spindle and one horizontal
milling spindle which can rotate in a required speed. In addition,it also has the
function to transmit the torque to milling head for drilling and milling operation.
3.1.1.3 Saddle and carriage 5, located at the middle of the bed. The saddle can move along the
bed in longitudinal direction, while the carriage can move on the saddle in different
directions such as in longitudinal, cross and oblique directions.
3.1.1.4 Tailstock 6, located on the guideway at the end of the bed, it can move to and for to
the desired position to support the workpiece. In addition, the tailstock can hold the
drilling tool or other kinds of tools for hole processing.
3.1.1.5 Feed box 3, installed at the front-left side of the bed. It's a main gearshift mechanism
for tool to get the designed feeding and to process the desired thread piicli.
3.1.1.6 Apron 4, fixed at the bottom of the saddle 5. It can transmit the action from the feed
box 3 to the carriage to realize its different operations such as longitudinal feeding,
cross feeding, rapid moving or thread processing.
3.1.1.7 Bed 1, all main functioning elements should keep exact relative position on the bed
when operating.
3.1.2
Planing unit

1. Bed
2. Heads took
3. Feed box
4. Apron
5. Saddle & Carriage
6. Tail stock
7. Planing nachine columi
8. Feeding box of the planing nachine
9. V(5rking t ibl e uni t
10. Ram
11. Ifcrizontal
14. Elec. box
15. M)t or
12. n - i l l i n g & MUing head
13. Csar box
14. H ^^c. box
15,M)tor
Fi e. 2 CVerall

view of The Universal

Mchi ne Tool

3.1.2.1 Planing machine column 7, as the first part of the completed machine, which is
mounted on the foudation. It has a pair of fixed ratio gears 13 anH a rocker
mechanism. At its front end, there is a vertical dovetail guideway matched with the
knee. Some movable and fixed gibs are provided between its up surface and the
matched part. At its front right side, a gearshift box 13, speed changing knob and start,
stop control handle of plarming unit, as well as a safty interlock mechanism are
equipped.
3.1.2.2 Rocker mechanism, when the bigger gear in column 7 rotating, it will make the ram
move back and forth through the crank and rocker mechanism. When adjust the
distance between the crank pin hole and the center line of hollow spindle, you can get
the desired stroke of ram.
3.1.2.3 Ram 10, It is a hollow casting with a dovetail guideway at its bottom and a groove on
its top surface. A lead screw is provided to connect the ram anf the crand ricker
mechanism, so adjust the leadscrew, the desired relative position of ram to table can
be obtained.
3.1.2.4 Working table unit 9. This unit indues working table, saddle and knee, etc.The saddle
with worktable can move in cross direction along the guideway of knee.The
longitudinal movement of the table can be controlled by hand or power. Through a
leadscrew set and a leadscrew set and a pair of fixed ratio gears which are transmitted
by apair of bevel wheels and a universal rocker driven by the feeding box of the
planning machine to realize the longitudinal power feed. After releasing the lock
screw at the left side of the column, the knee can move up and down by rotating the
handle. When planning workpiece, the interlock will function to limit the knee's
position.
3.1.2.5 Feeding box 8 of the planning machine, located at the front left side of the column. It
has a driving gear, a big gear with arocker, and a cam centi-elined on a hollow shaft.
When the hollow shaft rotates, the cam will drive the driven wheel rotating, through a
pair of cross bevel gears and agear screw set, the power feeding of worktable can be
realized. Adjust the relative positions of the two cams, the different feeds i^nn be
obtained.
3.1.3
Drilling & milling unit
3.1.3.1 Drilling and milling head 12. It is mounted at the back side of the headstock, the head
is a support part and action transmitter of the spindle. When drilling, the spindle gets
its main action from power, and its feeding from manual operation. When milling,
replace the drilling tool and its collet by milling tool and its collet. Operating the
milling handle instead of the drilling handle to control the spindle feeding.
The speed of the spindle is controlled by the knob A at the left side of the column of
planning machine and knob C on headstock.
6

3.1.3.2 Work table 9. When drilling or milling, because of the action of interlock rr^ccliaism,
the feed of the worktable can be obtained only by manual operation.
3.1.4

Horizontal milling unit 11.

3.1.4.1 Ram and hanger. The ram is a round shaft, one of its ends is fixed at the support
position of the drilling and milling head, and the other is equiped a hanger to support
cutter arbor. When processing, the milling tool performs the main action, the
worktable with the workpiece performs its feeding. Action. If necessary, you can
install the taper handle tool in the spindle directly.
3.1.4.2 Worktable fescribled in 1.3.2. Its feeds in X,Y,Z axises are controlled by hand.
3.2

Working principle
This machine consists of two systems: the electric system and the mechanical
transmitting system which includes main driving unit and feed driving unit.

3.2.1

Mechanism transmitting system

3.2.1.1 Main transmission chain of the machine transmission process describled as following
and its corresponding transmission structure shown on Fig.3.

54

24
35

36
51

O 147
0125

11
Motor

065
<f 155.6

3 0 . 3 6 . 24.
42^6'48-^
Shaft I
Shaft II-

2\_
97
-> Shaft XVI-

- Rocker
32^77

46^68

Shaft V-

_42
42
48
36

Shaft III

-fc. sllnft

YV

-> Shaft IV

-> Reciprocation of the planing machine

> Shaft VI (spindle of lathe)

> Shaft VIII

Shaft lX(Spindle of horizontal

milling machine)
25
q>92
23
-> Shaft VIII ^ ^ Shaft VII ^ Shaft XVII- 23
- Shaft XVIII (spindle of milling & drilling head)

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3.2.1.2 The machine feeding chain

This part includes turning feeding chain and planning feeding chain shown on Fig.4.
Their original power is the main motor. Turning feeding chain
53
41

53
Spindle V I - ^ Shaft X->

> Left thread

11

33 > Shaft XI

43
53
- Shaft XIII42
42

^x-e-

b a I
(basic I
i_unit_) J

Shaft VIb

Shaft XI-

20
40

20

Shaft I l b - - 140

20
40
30
30.

30
30

Shaft IllbI

Shaft Vllb (leadscrew)

Combined
Shaft TVb
mechanism
40
51

33
41 > Right thread-

23

Shaft V b ( b a r ) - 2 ^ Shaft x i c - ^ ^ Shaft TTTc-

51
60

Leadscrew
Cross feeding of toolpost
Shaft XIc(t=5)
15
60
Shaft V c Gear rack 14Longitudinal
15
60
feeding of toolpost
Handwheel-Shaft Vic
> Shaft VIIc-

-40
44 Shaft IVc-

Fig.4

Turning feeding chain of

The Universal Machine Tool

3.2.2

Electric system
Principle drawing of electrical system as shown fig.5. Wiring diagram as shown Fig.6.
The machine tool's power is 380V, 50Hz, three phase altemating current (also can
dispose the 440V,60Hz electrical system for users). The change-over switch (QS) can
"ON" or "OFF" the electrical pass through the electrical system of the machine tool.
The electrical interlocking switch is fitted with the gate of electrical compartmen.
When the compartment's gate opening, the switch is off. In hve-wire, for repair, the
electrical interlocking switch fitted with the "open" system, that uses the "key" and
rotates the screw counter-clockwise.

1
Power i n i e I

M a i n Power
440v OHz 9>

2
P o w e r swi t c h

3
S h o r l - c i reu
safeguard

=1
Cool i n g pusip

6
HH

in eng ine

Energy

7
brake

8
orking

Contro [
l r a n s f orflicr

111

Rotale
clockwise

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reversed

12

Cooling

Energy
b ut ke

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12

Fig.5 The electric principle drawing of QN6004 universal machine tool

4
4
11

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2
inlet

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3
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saretoard

C o o l i n e punp

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lanD

Rotate
cUok.i

lu
se

Rotate
reversed

L"
Uti.

12
Energy
brske

13
Cooling
puip

Main Power I
440r GOKz B>

I luil

Fig.5 The electric principle drawing of QN6004/2 universal machine tool

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Fig.VA Way of the lifting

of machine body

Fig.7A Way of the lifting of machine body

(without public base)
14

The machine tool is set with 2 motors and 2 push button controls. M2 is the main
motor(Y100L2-4; Y100L2-4H, for shipping 3 kw). Ml is the cooling gump motor
(AB-12, 40W). Emergency stop switchs are to be provided, one at lathe operators
position and one at the drill/shaper/miller position.
For keeping the all electrical system functioning normally, ther machine tool's main
return circuit is set 3 fuses(FUl). The controlling, lighting and DC. Return circuit set
fuses separately (FU2,FU3,FU4). When it operates, close the switch(QS) at first, then
push the button SB3(SB4), the spindle of the machine tool rotates noraially. If push
the button SB5 (SB6), the spindle rotates reversally and push the SBl (SB2), the
spindle will be stopped.
Brake of the machine tool adopts the energy controllation. When push the button SBl
(SB2), the spindle motor turn off, and at the same time, that is in contact with DC.
Return circuit, the winding of spindle motor turn on DC. The function of brake is start.
Through delay DC. Return circuit, the machine tool is stop. The braking time is
adjusted by timing relay(KT). "ON" or "OFF" the cooling pump are controlled by the
button SB8 or SB7. Pushes the button SB8, The cooling pump will be operated, and
pushes SB7, it is stop. The cross section of electrical wire should be 4mm^, and the
grounding conductor's cross section should be 2.5mm , which should use the
multi-ply copper wires. This machine tool has the good grounding safeguard. The
electrical components of metal are connected witli yellow and green to busbar from
grounding.

4.
4.1

Lifting and maintenance

Lifting
Before lifting, remove all protective covers first, then place the ropes according to the
Fig.7 indication. Use some lissome material between the rope and some bulge or
machined part to prevent them from their directly contacting. Balance the machine by
moving the saddle and tailstock, then lift it carefully, when put it down, more attention
should be paid.

4.2
Maintenance
1) Before packing, grease all machined parts for rust-proof. When installation, clean all
surfaces first, then oil them with machine-oil after they are dried up. Any scraping or
abrading is not allowed.
2) Don't change the position of operation handle at random.
3 ) The attachments of the machine are placed in the tool box and the back column chest.

15

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Fig.8 QN6004/2 universal machine tool

online and foundation diagram

5.

Installation, adjustment and trial

5.1

Installation
Fig. 8 shows its assembly diagram on ship or engineering truck.
Adjustment
Move the worktable of the planning machine to the center position, where a
level(acscuracy: 0.02/1000) is placed on. The readings both in long, and cross should
not be more than 0.04/1000. Then moving the slide to the middle position of its
guideway travel, place a level there, the readings both in longitudinal and cross
direction should not be more than 0.04/1000.

5.2

5.3

trial

5.3.1

Before trial, check the following items:

1) Check if the main power of machine is in good condition.
2 ) Before switch on the power, check its insulation (its resistance should be more than
2 M Q with the 550MV testing vohage.)
3) Filling the oil into the headstock and feeding box to their marked position.
Lubricating periodically all points according to the Lubrication Point.
4 ) ense the V-belt to its normal working position.
5 ) Check if all handles are in their proper positions or not.
6) Check if all protective covers are installed properly. When the machine running,
covers should not contact with all movable parts.
7 ) Idle running. Set all handles to their corresponding mode, then start the motor.
8) Before beginning the planning operation, check the safty interlock device to ensure
the worktable at its correct relative position to the ram. When the motor is running,
don't shift the handle B.
5.3.2 Start
Two interlocked button panels are equipped. The main button panel is used for
controlling the starting and stopping of the spindle, controlling the spindle rotating
directions(clockwise or counter clockwise) and controlling the cooling pump on or off.
The assistant button panel used for controlling the spindle's movement, and linking
with main button.
5.3.3

When trial, run the machine at idle mode first, then from low speed to higher speed.
Don't shift the handle for gearshift until the machine stops. Users should be familiar
with the properties of this machine before operating it, and more attentions should be
paid for you safety.

li

VO

Fig.9 Lubricating Points

:Ar Hiind lubricator

Lubrication
You can apply lubrication oil on machine as mentioned below.
Table 1. Oiling schedule
Code

Area to be Oiled

Oiling
method

Name of specified
oil

Reoiling
interval

Tailstock

Hand oiling

Engler
recosity2.6-3.31 E50

Once a day

Headstock

Open cover
& supply oil

II

Driving box
Carriage & saddle

Twice a year

Twice a year
II

II

Anytime to
keep oil up
to
the
middle of
oil gauge

Replacin-g
cycle

II

Hand oiling

Once a day
II

E
F

G
H
I
J
K
L
M
N

Apron
Lathe feed box

Bracket at the
right side of guide
Shaft of horizontal
milling
Slide way of ram
and swing lever
Feed
box
of
shaper
Table
feed
conversion box
Table, saddle slide
way
Chang gear box
Shaper
interior

II

Hand oiling
Open cover
& Supply
oil

Once a day
Twice a year

II

Once a day

Hand oiling

II

II

//

II

II

II

II

II

II

II

II

II

II

II

II

II

II

II

II

II

If

column

20

7.

List of roller bearing ( Table 2 )

How to assembly roller bearing, please refer to the drawing 3 for transmission system
and the drawing 11 for operation and table 2.

Assembhng
part

Shaft

Model
7210

IX

8110
206

VII

IV

206
305
206
207
110
50205

Headstock
V

VI

205
103
206
211
HR30215 J
104

XI

46102
60105

Illb

Feed box

IVb
lib
VIb
Vllb

203
105
205
204
204

Name
Single-row
taper
roller bearing
Single thrust
axial contact
ball bearing
Single row annular
ball bearing
;/
//
//
II
II

Single row annular

ball bearing with
snap ring groove
Single row annular
ball bearing
;/
//
Single row taper
Roller beraing
Single row annular
ball bearing
Single row annular
Contact bearing
Single row annular
ball bearing
with shield
Single row annular
Ball bearing
II

Specification

II

Single row taper

roller bearing
Single thrust
DB105 Axial contact
bearing
D7205

21

Remark

50x90x20

GB297-84

50x70x14

GB301-84

30x62x16

GB276-89

30x62x16
25x62x17
30x62x16
35x72x17
50x80x16

//
It
tf
II

It

25x52x15

If

25x52x15

If

40x68x15
30x62x16
55x110x21

If

75x130x25

If
tf

NSK

20x42x12

GB270-89

15x32x9

G292-83

25x47x12
17x40x12
25x47x12
25x52x15
20x47x14

II

QTY.

GB278-89
GB276-89
II
II
II

25x52x16

GB297-84

25x42x11

GB301-84

Assembling
part

Shaft

Model

Name

Specification

QTY.

Remark

46305

Single row annular

contact bearing

25x62x17

GB292-83

30x72x19

GB292-83

50x80x16

GB276-89

25x62x17

GB292-83

30x72x19

//

46306
110

Driving
box

II

III

46306
46306

/;

30x72x19

//

110

Single row annular

ball bearing

50x80x16

GB276-89

46306

Single row annular

contact bearing

30x72x19

GB292-83

46206

//

30x62x16

//

7307

Single row taper

Roller bearing

35x80x21

GB297-84

40x80x18

XV
7208
lie

Head of
Driller &
miller

Feed
mechanism
of miller

II

II

46109

Single row annular

contact bearing

45x75x16

GB292-83

D7206

Single row taper

roller bearing

30x62x17

GB297-84

D7208

//

40x80x20

35x72x18

60103

Single row annular

Ball bearing with
shields

17x35x10

GB278-89

60103

Single row annular

ball bearing with
shields

17x35x10

GB278-89

60202

Single-row
annular ball
bearing with
shields

15x35x11

GB278-89

lie

7207
Ic

Single row aimular

Ball bearing
Single row annular
Contact bearing
;/

46305

XIV

Shaper

tr

Handle
18

II

22

II

AssembUng
part

Shaft

Model

Specification

QTY.

Remark

Single-row
annular contact
bearing

20x47x14

GB292-83

204

Single-row
annular ball
bearing

20x47x14

GB276-89

Cross
reed
handle
14

8204

Single thrust
axial contact
bearing

20x40x14

GB301-84

Socket
Head
Crank
24

105

Single row
annular ball
bearing

25x47x12

GB276-89

Lead
screw
of
knee

206

//

40x62x16

GB276-89

Handle
10

8102

Single row
axial contact
bearing

15x28x9

GN301-84

Handle
9

8104

//

20x35x10

GN301-84

36204
Table

Knee

Carriage

8.
8.1

Name

Lead
screw

Operating
Preparation and inspection
1) Lubricating all points indicated on Lubrication Points before operating.
2) Check if the handle is at its proper speed mode, and the other functions are in their
invalid state.
3)
4)
5)
6)
7)
8)

hen the machine running, the operator should not go away.

Don't put the tools, workpieces etc. on the guideway or movable parts.
Checkif the workpiece is tightened.
Check if the tool is tightened.
Before feeding the tool, release the braking device.
Operartion rules such as: wearing cap, glasses, not wearing gloves etc. should be
obeved.
9) After finishing the work, clean the maching, put all tools, attachments in the tool
box or the bottom of back column.
23

8.2
8.2.1

1 o) Tum off the power switch.

Machine operation
Figure 10 shows the locations of all handles, the machine should be stopped first.
Turning operation
1) Headstock
By changing the positions of handle A,D,C, the spindle in the headstock can get
12 steps of steps of speed: Set handle C at its L mode, then change handle A,
handle D to different positions, the spindle can obtain 6 steps of speed: 22.4,
31.5, 45, 63, 90, 125 r/min. If set handle C at its H mode, Change handle A,
Handle D position, another six steps of speed can be realized:180,25f^,355,500,
710, 1000 r/min. When turning operation, the handle 1 should be set at its idle
mode, stop the machine when do the machine when do the gear shift.
2) Feeding system
This part consists of apron (including a change gear unit),saddle, slide and tool
carrier etc. Its longitudinal feeding is controlled by handlewheel 8 which
marked a scale of 0.25mm per measure, and when the handlewheel 8 turns a
round, the saddle will have a 27.5mm travel. The cross feeding is realized by
rotating the handle 9, which marked a scale of 0.1mm per measure, turn the
handle 9 a round, the slide will move a travel of 20mm. When feeding manually,
the handle 7 should be set at its neutral mode (marked position), the halfnut
should be disengaged from the leadscrew by moving the knob 5 to its upposition,
while by moving knob 6 to its downposition to disengaged the woim-gear.
When power feeding, push the handle 7 onti-clockwise in(cross feeding) or pull
it clockwise out(for Long, feeding) first, then turn up knob 6. After work, reset
the knob 6 and handle 7 to their original positions in the reverse order.
When turning thread, set handle 7 to its neutral mode(idle position), and turn
knob 6 to its down-position, then engage the halfnut with leadscrew by turning
down the knob 5.
The interlock mechanism in the apron is equipped for ensuring the safty of the
operator.
Adjust the change-gear unit to the desired mode indicated on the table on the
cover of feeding box according to the thread pitch(Metric or Imperial) or
federate. Move knob 4 to -Pmode for bare bar turning, and to ^^ mode for
thread direction selection. Handle 12 is to choose the thread's kinds. When
turning the metric threads on metric lathe with different pitchs except 0.25, 0.3,
0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.75, 1.0,1.2, 1.5, 2, 3, 6rmTi pitches, it is necessary to mount a
index dial indicator at the left side of the apron to avoid "thread missina" From

24

"ON" "OFF" button

Fig. 10 Operating handles and buttons diagram

the index indicating plate select a dial and worn gear with desired pitch and
install. Then at the upper and lower part of the index dial indicator respectively.
From the second threading onwards, the threading can be performed by moving
down the knob 5 when the dial reading coincides with the mark line.
When turning the inch scew threads on inch lathe with different threads except
32, 28, 24, 20, 16, 12, 8, 4, 2, it is also necessary to mount a index dial indicator
at the left side of the apron to avoid "thread missing".
When turning the meric thread on inch lathe and turning inch screw thr'^ad on
metric lathe, you can avoid missing thread by reversing machine, that means:
retracting the tool to its initial position without moving up the halfnut knob 5
then go on turning processing.
3 ) Tailstock, steady rest, follower rest
Tailstock, used for supporting the round workpiece by its center, is matched
with the dovetail of the column. Its cross position can be adjusted by the
adjusting screw to keep the center at a relative position to the center line of the
spindle. For ordinary work, coincide the tailstock body and the base with mark
line of the scale. When turning cone workpiece, have the center deviate from the
center line of the spindle. During the process, oiling the center periodically to
prevent it from overbake.
As the support of the workpiece, the steady rest with some adjusting protrusive
parts is fixed on the column while the follower rest as asupport can move with
the slide.
4) Backlash adjustment of the spindle bearings.
Proper backlash can keep the spindle good quality and prolong its working life.
Figure 11 is the backlash adjustment of the spindle bearings.
The sequence described as following:
a. Remove the cover of the headstock.
b. Seperate the overlap of the thrust ring 1 from the slot of nut2.
c. Tighten nut 2 to decrease the backlash.
d. Release the nut to increase the backlash.
e. After adjustment, reset the overlap to its original position.
NOTE: This adjustment had been finished before the delivery.
Adjustment is not permitted in general situation. Gib adjustment: Gib 3 is used for
adjusting the backlash between compound rest and guideway (See Fig. 12a). Release
screw 1 and tighten screw 2 to increase the backlash, and on the contrary, the
backlash will be decreased.

26

The adjustment of the rise and fall worm's overload safety device: Worm bracket 1
makes the makes the worm be working, the safety device's power can be adjusted
by screw 4 (See Fig. 12b).
When the worm down by draw spring, which power can be adjusted by scew 3.

HR 30215J

>

Fig. 11 The adjustment

of spindle

bearings backlash

rS-

b. Adjustment of worm

a. Adjustment of gib
Fig. 12

27

8.2.2

Planing operating
Before start the motor for planning process, turn knob B to the left to have safty
interlock lock the knee to avoid the striking of the ram. Meanwhile, the gears
connecting the shaping parts engages; the gears connecting the cutting, drilling and
milling parts take apart to prevent their spindles form rotating, and vice verse. After
planning, turn knob B to the right; recover safty interlock "Z"; insert click 1 to the
slot of bar "2" (Fig. 13). Don't move knob B when the motor is running! By
changing the position of knob A, you can get the different reciprocation frequency
of the ram:25, 35 or 50 thnes/minute. The stroke of the ram is 275mm and it can be
adjusted by square head shaft 13.
Adjustment of stroke.
Through the hole at the back side of the colunm, loosen the adjust nut l(See Fig. 13),
then adjust the clamp 2. If move the clamp 2 backward, the stroke becomes forward,
and vice verse.
After finishing the adjustment, tighten the nut 1.
The cross manual feed of the table is controlled by knob 14(See Fig.lO), and the
longitudinal manual feed is controlled by knob 25, whose left side is positive and
the right side is negative. Only under the condition of the planning process, can you
use the power feed. The feed of the table is determined by knob 17, when drilling or
milling process knob 25 should be at its neutral position, so no power feed presents.
By rotating the handwheel 16, the feed of carrier can be realized, its travel is 50mm.
To plan inclined surface, the carrier angle should be adjusted (from -20 to + 20).
Tool is tightened on the arbor by screw 3(See Fig. 13) to avoid loose during the
processing when install the tool or adjust travel of the ram, keep the earner not
touch the column

8.2.3

Drilling and vertical milling

Set knob 1 to the right side to present the drilling and milling processing. When
drilling, the spindle feed is realized by turning knob 19; When vertical milling, push
down the knob 19 first, then move around knob 18. The spindle speed is controlled
by the knob D and knob A, and at the different position of knobs, can get different
speed as following: 140, 280, 400, 560, 800r/min. Release screw at the left of the
knee, tum knob 24 and put knob C at neutral position, you can obtain vertical feed
of table.

8.2.4

Horizontal milling
Set knob 1 to the left position for horizontal milling. The spindle speed is still
controlled by knob D and knob A, and get the following speeds: 90, 125, 180, 250,
355, 500 r/min. The spindle is supported by a single row taper roller bearing 3 and a
single row thrust ball bearing 4 at its front end, and a single row annular ball
28

1-. ^-..I_

a. Location of safty interlock

b. Adjustment of ram travel

Fig.l3

Fig. 14 The adjustment for backlash of the horizontal spindle bearings

29

bearing 5 at its back end. When do the adjustment of the spindle, remove the cover
6, separate the overlap of thrust ring 2 from the nut slot 1, then adjust the nutl. After
finish the adjustment, reset the overlap of the ring and the cover 6 in the reverse
order
NOTE: Handle C should be at the neutral position.

9.
9.1

9.2

9.3

Maintenance
Before starting
1) Before starting the machine, clean all guideways and worked surfaces, then oil
them.
2 ) Lubricating the points shown on the lubricating point,
3 )Tum all knobs or handles to see if they are in good condition. If not, remove them
as soon as possible.
4) Set all handles to the proper position, then idle ruing the machine for 5 minutes
to see if it is in nomial state.
5 ) Adjust the speed, feed and cutting depth as required, tighten the workpiece and
tool.
6) After finish the above preparations, you can start the machine.
Running
1) Operator cannot go awayfi-omthe machine while the machine is running.
2) Any work such as: replace workpieces and tools, adjust the speed or travel,
lubricate all surfaces, etc. should be done after stop the machine.
3) Any abnormal situations such as overheat of rotating part, abnormal noise etc.
occurred, stop the machine instantly. Don't restart it until remove all troubles.
4) Under no circumstance, can change the speed while the spindle is rotating. Don't
move the handle B while the motor is running.
5) Don't adjust the workpiece on centers or on guideway surface, or, it will damage
the machine and affect the processing accuracy.
6) Check if the tailstock or center sleeve is fixed or not when processing workpiece
between centers, oil them periodically.
7) The worn or damaged centers caimot be used. If the overheat or abnormal noise
happened to the center, stop the machine immediately.
After stop the machine
1) Turn off the main power switch, set speed change knob at the neutral position.
2) Clean all oil stains and dust, clean the external surface of the machine oil for
rust-proof if it will be used soon.
3) If the machine will be stored or used long period lather, brush it a coat of rust
resisting oil.
30

10.
No.

Breakdown and reparation

Breakdown

Part and cause

Reparation

Parallelism of the center line of

headstock spindle to the shifting Correct the center lione of
slideway of carriage exceed the headstock spindle
tolerance limit.
Slideway of body gradient is Correct the slideway of
more than tolerance limit or after body
with
adjustable
assembled, it caued out of shape. wedge iron.
1

The
external
diamerter of cylinder The two centers is caused taper Adjust the crosswise screw
which is cut, caused
by cutting material.
of the flank of tailstok.
taper
The bad of cutting edge's Correct the cutting tool
wear-resisting caused by cutting and select the suitable
tool.
spindle speed and feed.
The headstock's temperature
Reduce the temperature of
increased and caused hot
oil and reoil periodically.
deformation of machine tool.

There are some scar or tracks on Repair the scars or tracks

At the finish cutting
the slideway.
or clean the protrusions
the external diameter
the surface appears
Protrusion in surface of racks is
fixed ripple
Correct the racks carefully.
not well connecting.

Adjust
the
clearance
Large clearance at the bearings of
between
bearings
of
After cutting, the spindle.
spindle.
cylinder's
external
diameter changed into
Grind the bearing and
elliptic or prismoidal Wear and tear of spindle bearing. spindle, or change roller
and after finishing
bearing.
cutting, the end of the
workpiece shakes is
Large clearance at the toward Adjust the clearance for
more
than
the
spindle's toward bearing.
bearing of tlie spindle.
tolerance. When use
notch cutter notches,
it cause vibration
Run-out of the center line of the Adjust run-out of spindle
to minimum.
spindle is too large.

31

No.

Breakdown

When finish cutting,

there
are ripples
nonregular on the
surface of cylinder.

Part and cause

Reparation

The channel of the spindle's

roller bearing wear and tear.

Change the rcUci bearing.

Adjust
clearance
for
Axial oscillation of spindle is too
spindle's toward thrust ball
large.
bearing.
Check if the holder and
tailstock's center sleeve is
suitable to axle-hole. If
When hold workpiece by
axle-hole large or causing
tailstock, the center sleeve is not
loose and the holder lost
steady.
function. At first, mend
axle-hole's size select the
center sellve.
Parallelism of slideway of
Correct the center line of
carriage to the center line of
headstock spindle.
headstock spindle is tool large.
After overhaul, if the
machine tool appears error,
it must be scraped the
Squareness of up slideway to
surface of the low slide
under slideway of the carriage
plane. If not overhaul, the
exceed the tolerance limit.
machine tool appears error,
it must be scraped up slide
plane.

Protrusion appeared
in the end of finished
workpiece.

Repair the leading screw,

The
leading
screw
wear
and
tear
change
nut,
adjust
After threading, the
clearance
for
lead-screw
or
twisted.
threaad pitch is not
and "open-close" nut.
even and there are
some ripples on the
Adjust the axle clearance for Adjuust the axle clearance
surface of thread.
for leading screw.
leading screw.
The tool post connected badly
with the base plate of up tool
post.

The tighten lever of

tool post be pushed, The basal plane of tool post is not Correct basal plane of tool
post by scraping.
the small one can't be
smooth.
turn.
After holding the tool the tool
post out of shape.
32

No.

Breakdown

Part and cause

Reparation

Serious vibration of machine tool Correct the amphtude of

is caused by large amplitude the pulley, rotational parts.
from pulley and rotational parts, Grind external diameter
etc.
and belt triangular ditch
8

At finish cutting the

If in case, the serious
external diameter, the Vibration of machine tool is vibration of other machine
surface appears ripple caused by the grounding of should be moved away for
workshop.
regularly.
a distance.
Grind the cutting tool,
Vibration caused between the correct the location of
tool and workpiece.
tool's edge and length of
the arbor.
The moving direction of the ram
is not parallel with the swing
direction of rocker.

Large clearance between fixer

plates.
When
planning
fineness
of
the
workpiece is not good Mesh of the big gear is not well.
or ripple on the
Tool post is loose or contact is
workpiece.
not well.

The rocker hole is not

concentric with the up
supporting bearing's hole
Scrape the surface of the
up supporting hp?si:-.g.
Scrape the surface of
rocker, parallel to the hole
of rocker, adjust the
backlash of fixer plates.
Grind the big gear.
Scrape each part of tool
post.

Contact rigidity of wortable,

Adjust the contact rigidity
knee, and the guideway of the
of the three parts.
knee is not well.
Backlash between the taper hole Ream and adjust the
of folded plate and the pin is clearance of the taper hole
exceed.
of folded plate and the pin.

10

Scrape the surface of the

up supporting bearing,
The fixer plate is not good
ensure that
the up
The temperature of contact with guide surface of ram
supporting bearing is
or the fixer plate pressed more
the ram increase.
concentric with the rocker,
tightly.
ensure that is parallel with
the hole.
Fixed screw of the carriage is
Change the fixed screw.
loosing.

11

When cutting, the

cutter tool is dropped. Large clearance between leading Change the nut according
screw and nut of tool post.
to leading screw.
33

No.

Breakdown

Part and cause

Repar^ticn

The rocker is not concentric with Scrape the surface of the

the up supporting bearing.
up supporting bearing.

12

When change the

direction of the ram, it The hole of the rocker is not
appears the sound of parallel with the surface.
lash.
Large clearance in the each shafts
and holes of the rocker and each
moving surface.

Scrape the surface of the

rocker.
Mend the hole and change
the shaft.

13

Large tolerance between the fixer

Bad in the cutting plate and the ram, that caused the
ram move toward, and the ram is
precision.
bad contact to column.

14

Large backlash between the Mend the hole, inset the

connecting rod's hole of the feed sleeve and change the
When
the
table mechanism and shaft.
shaft.
moving crossly, the
feed is not ever.
The ratchet and pawl are wear Mend and change the
ratchet and pawl.
and tear.

15

16

17

The folded plate is

checked.

The tapered pin of the folded

plate is tightened with the taper
hole.

Adjust the fixer plate,

mend and scrape the
surface of the ram and
fixer plate.

Adjust the tapered pin.

The surface between the folded Ream the tapered hole

plate and its supporting is not once more and match the
vertical to the taper hole.
tapered pin.

The spline of spindle is partly

Correct the twist part.
The spindle in the twist.
head can't be moved
up and down lightly.
The external diameter of the Correct the sleeve
spindle sleeve is out of the shape. spindle.
The crank
worktable
heavily.

of the
The feeding lead screw is not
move
coaxial with nut.

34

of

Adjust
the
clearance
between the leading screw
and nut.