REPORT OF PRACTICUM

PULSE, HEARTBEAT AND BLOOD PRESSURE

Akbar Maulana
Laras Rasmita
Marcheli Alexandra
Nurhamitha Humairoh

BIOLOGY DEPARTMENT
MATHEMATIC AND SCIENCES FACULTY
STATE UNIVERSITY OF JAKARTA
2014

I. Theories
a. Pulse
Wave of Peripheral pulse which is running in the arteries due to the release of a number of
blood pumped by the left ventricle (stroke volume) towards the aortic wall. Aortic wall distends
each time causing a stroke volume pulse wave that runs quickly in the arteries.
Arterial pulse wave is palpable in the arteries when blood is pumped out of the heart. Was
easily palpable pulse in a place where an artery crosses a bone located near the surface. Like for
example: the radial artery in the front of the wrist, above the temporal artery temporal bone, or
dorsalis pedis artery at the ankle bends. Not palpable blood pumped by the heart into the aorta
but pressure waves transferred from the aorta and propagates faster than the blood itself (Evelyn,
2006).
There are two factors that responsible for the survival of pulses. They are :
1. Giving blood regularly with short intervals of the heart into the aorta, the pressure
alternated up and down in the blood vessels. When blood flows from the heart into the
aorta fixed, constant pressure, so there is no pulsation.
2. The elasticity of the arterial wall that allows it to continue blood flow and backflow. If
the wall is not elastic, like a glass wall, there is still a high turnover low pressure in
systole and diastole of the ventricles, but the walls can not continue the flow and return
flow so that any pulse can not be felt.
Each contraction and relaxation of the left ventricle will lead to changes in pressure in the
arteries as indicated by the shrinking enlarged arteries, also called pulse.
Pulse can be used as the benchmark of heart conditions. So it is important to noted. The
pulse is the beat frequency pulse / heart beat palpable (palpable) on the surface of the skin at
certain places. Pulse frequency is generally equal to the frequency of the pulse / heart beat.
Normal pulse rate equal to the heart beat. Speed pulse normal in adults is 60-100 times per
minute.
There are few places that can be used to measure pulse rate, among other things radial,
temporal, carotid, brachial, femoral, popliteal, posterior tibial, and pedal. Speed pulse normal in
adults is 60-100 times / min. The pulse is influenced by age, gender, activity, health status,
medication, emotional state (stress), and others (Murtiati et al, 2010).
The pulse may be palpated in some places they are:
1. At the front of the wrist above the base of the thumb (radial artery).
2. On the left neck / right front cleido sterno mastoid muscle (arterial Carolis).
3. On the left chest, right at the apex of the heart (arterial temperalis)
4. In temples

The rhythm of the pulse is divided into 3 parts: the first part is a waste of breath and
breathing in the first, the second part is a waste of breath and inhale the second time and the third
part is a waste of breath inhale and third times.
Knotted pulse (pulse Knotted) is slow, irregular pulse and knock disjointed. This rate
indicates that the cold inhibits chi and blood, which may give an indication of the chi deficiency,
anemia, or Jing. This rate is often pointed out that the heart is not able to regulate blood well, and
the more interruptions in the rhythm, pointing worse condition.
Pulse in a hurry (hurried pulse) is fast beats with the rhythm irregular bounding. This is a
sign that the heat attacking chi and blood.
Intermittent pulse (intermittent pulse) usually have a rhythm jump more than twice the
rate, but has a fixed pattern and is associated with the heart organ, which is experiencing
disharmony, or it can also indicate other organs were too tired.
Knotted pulse, pulse rushed and disjointed pulse is often associated with sex, and in many
cases not related to disharmony in the body.
The pulse is moderate (moderate pulse) is a good pulse or a perfect, healthy body
condition and occur perfect balance - normally at depth, speed, power and pulse width. This
condition is very rare, because in many cases, the pulse is also influenced by the age factor.

b. Heart Beat
The heart is a muscular organ with hollow and have a size as hand. Heart is located in the
chest cavity around the center line between the sternum and vertebrae anterior to posterior. The
heart has a wide base adjacent to the top and form a tapered tip apex is called the base. Forming
heart against the sternum angle, so that the base is mainly located in the apex of the right and left
of the sternum. When the heart beats, especially when strongly contracted, apex actually hit the
inside of the chest wall on the left. Although the anatomical heart is one organ, the right and left
heart function as two separate pumps. The heart is divided into right and left half and has four
chambers, the upper and lower chambers on the second cleavage (Sherwood, 2001).
There are several factors that affect heart beat, they are age, body size, posture, physical
exercise, and other factors such as muscle work, body temperature, altitude and ambient
temperature. Small animals have a heart beat greater than that of the larger-bodied animals. Heart
beat will increase due to the influence of high external temperatures (Sherwood, 2001).
Heart beat (apical pulse) is the sound heard through a stethoscope for heart contraction.
They are 2 kind of sound heard, S1 and S2. S1 is the sound caused by the closing of the tricuspid
and mitral valves. S2 is the sound caused by the closing of the pulmonary valve and atrial. Each
pulse is a combination of heart sounds S1 and S2. Normal speed of heartbeat in adults is 55 to 90
times / min with an average of 70 times / min. Apical pulse is a measurement of frequency and
rhythm of heart contractions the most.

Heartbeat is different in healty state, it influenced by lifestyle, employment, food, and

emotions. Rhythm and rate in accordance with the cardiac cycle. If there is 70 then the number
of beats the heart cycle means 70 times a minute too (Evelyn, 2006).
The two main heart sounds in normal circumstances can be heard with a stethoscope over
the heart cycle. The first heart sound low-pitched, soft, and relatively long sounds like "lub".
Second sound of heart has a higher tone, shorter and sharper - sounds like "dup". Thus, under
normal circumstances sound "lub, dup, lub, dup, lub, dup,. . . . " First sound of heart associated
with the closing of the AV valves, whereas the second relates to closure sound semilunar valves.
Opening the valve does not cause any noise. Arises because the sound vibrations that occur in the
walls of the ventricles and the large arteries when the valve closes, not by closing the valve rattle.
Since the closure of the AV valves at the beginning of ventricular contraction occurs when
ventricular pressure exceeds atrial pressure first, the first heart sound indicates the onset of
ventricular systole. Semilunar valves closing at the beginning of ventricular relaxation occurs
when the right and left ventricular pressure falls below the aortic and pulmonary artery pressure.
Thus, the second heart sound marks the beginning of ventricular diastole (Sherwood, 2001).
Palpitation or known as heartbeat, is a blow to the anterior wall of the left ventricle that
occurs during ventricular contraction. Palpitation can be palpated, and is often seen also in the
left fifth intercostal space, about four inches from the midline of the sternum.
In a rest time humans heart beat about 70 times per minute and pumping 70ml each pulse
(pulsatile volume was 70 ml). The amount of blood pumped each minute is 70 x 70 ml or about 5
liters. While many moving heart beat about 150 every minute and pulse volume more than 150
ml, which makes the heart pump about 20 to 25 liters per minute. Every minute the same amount
of volume of venous return to the heart. However, if the return of venous unbalanced and failed
to keep up with the ventricular heart pump power, then there is heart trouble. Large veins near
the heart becomes swollen with blood, so that the pressure in the veins up. And if this situation
can not be handled then occur edema.
Exercise is good for our health. However, if too heavy and exceeds the limits of the
power of the body and or too less, exercise it will become ineffective. The limits of the power of
the body can be seen from the heart beat during exercise. Monitor the heart beat while berolaraga
should be done as part of your exercise routine. Monitoring the heartbeat of this will make your
workout safer and more effective.
There is some easy way to find the limits of your heart beat:
1. Estimate your maximum heart beat by performing a reduction of 220 the number of your age.
2. Knowing the lower limit of your heart beat during exercise, by multiplying your maximum
heart beat by 0.6.
3. Knowing the upper limit of your heart beat during exercise, by multiplying your maximum
heart beat by 0.9

c. Blood Pressure
The heart pumps blood around the body to meet the needs of O2 and nutrients. The flow
of blood pumped by the heart to put pressure on the blood vessel walls. This pressure is called
blood pressure. Blood pressure consists of systolic pressure, diastolic and pulse. Systolic blood
pressure is the blood pressure in the aorta issued maximum, which occurs when the left
ventricels cardiac contraction. Diastolic blood pressure is the minimum pressure that is released
in the aorta, which occurs when the left ventricle relaxation experience. Pulse pressure is the
pressure difference between the systolic pressure to diastolic pressure. Normal systolic pressure
in adults is 90-130 mmHg, and diastolic pressure is 60-90 mmHg. Average blood pressure in
adults is 120/80 mmHg. (Smeltzer & Bare, 2001).
A person diagnose have high blood pressure (pre-hypertension) if the systolic blood
pressure in the range of 120-139 mm Hg or diastolic blood pressure in the range of 80-89 mmHg.
If this situation is left unchecked, it will cause disease high blood pressure (hypertension phase1), when the systolic blood pressure in the range 140-159 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure in
the range 90-99 mmHg. If ignorance continues, the systolic blood pressure reached 160 mm Hg
or higher or diastolic pressure reached 100 mmHg or more, it will cause further affected by high
blood pressure (hypertension phase-2).
The table of Hypertension phase
Classfication
Normal
Pre Hypertension
Hypertension Phase 1
Hypertension Phase 2

Sistolic (mmHg)
<120
120-139
140-159
160 or more

Diastolic (mmHg)
<80
80-89
90-99
100 or more

The results of the World Health Organization study (WHO) showed nearly half of the
cases of heart attack triggered by high blood pressure (MoH RI Know Your Blood Pressure: 14).
High blood pressure (BP) is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CV), a major
contributor to death and disease burden globally. The evidence now available indicates that BP
has a linear relationship with the number of CV, renal, and with death. (Prognostic Value of
Blood Pressure Variability and Average Blood Pressure Levels in Patients With Hypertension and
Diabetes). The blood pressure that always increase in long term will disturb endotel function,
cells lining the blood vessel wall. Impaired endothelial function allows the formation of crusts
(plaque) that may narrow the coronary arteries burrows. Though the coronary arteries is the path
of oxygen and nutrients (energy) for the heart. As a result, the supply of vital substances
(essential) for the life of heart cells so disturbed. Even in certain circumstances heightened blood
pressure can crack the crust (plaques) in coronary arteries. Loose fragments can block blood
flow, so that there was what is called a heart attack. Not infrequently a heart attack that ended
with the death. People with high blood pressure had twice the risk of coronary heart disease.

The picture of plac in coronary heart disease

Stemszel and blarir (2001) said : blood pressure occur when blood circulating in the
blood vessels. The organs of the heart and blood vessels play an important role in this process
where the heart as a muscular pump which supplies pressure to move the blood, and the blood
vessels that have elastic walls and strong robustness. Blood pressure describes the relationship
between cardiac output, peripheral vascular resistance, blood volume and blood viscosity. A
person's blood pressure is influenced by many factors, including age, gender, health condition,
emotional state (stress), obesity, drugs, activities, and others
Blood pressure measurements can be measured in several parts of the body, including the
upper arms, forearms, legs and thighs by using two methods: the methods of measurement
methods direct and indirect. Direct method is done by inserting a catheter into the radial artery,
or femoral branchialis and measurement results can be seen on the monitor oscilloskop as waves,
while the indirect method performed by auscultation or palpation. Auscultation method is done
by using a stethoscope and sphygmomanometer until you hear the following 5 Korotkoff phases,
namely:
Phase 1: voice sounds as strong and stomping beats (systolic pressure)
Phase 2: the sound starts to weaken and soft sounds
Phase 3: sounds like the voice turned into a whisper
Phase 4: sounds like the wind weakened and almost inaudible
Phase 5: lost sound (diastolic pressure)

Measurement of blood pressure with a sphygmomanometer, blood pressure measurement

results can be less accurate due to the influence of few things. Drinking coffee or alcoholic
beverages will increase the blood pressure of the actual value. Similarly, smoking, anxiety
(tense), surprised, and stress. The desire to urinate also affect blood pressure value. Therefore,
before performing the measurement of blood pressure, you should pee first (empty bladder), do
not drink coffee or alcohol, and not smoking. We recommend that you calm your mind and
feelings, for example, to sit back (MoH RI Know Your Blood Pressure: 24). Sphygmomanometer
composed of a cuff that can be developed and pressure gauges associated with ring in the cuff.
The tool is calibrated such that the pressure read on the manometer with pressure in millimeters
of mercury, which is delivered by the brachial artery (Smeltzer & Bare, 2001).
Sphygmomanometer has two types, sphygmomanometer manual that uses mercury and digital
sphygmomanometer. The use of digital sphygmomanometer is easier than using manual
sphygmomanometer.
The picture of manual and digital sphygmomanometer

II.

NO

Result
a. The table of Pulse
NAME

AGE

SEX

PULSE
SPEED
REST
(times/min
utes)

RHYTHM

STRENGTH

Mai

20

85

ACTIVI
TY
(times/mi
nutes)
123

REST

ACTIVIT
Y

REST

ACTIVIT
Y

Regular

Regural

Normal

Very Hard

Mariatul

19

78

107

Yosua

20

79

138

Marceli

20

70

115

Little bit
Irregural
Little bit
Irregural
Regural

Irregural

Normal

Hard

Irregural

Normal

Hard

Irregural

Normal

Hard

Mitha

20

79

103

Regural

Irregural

Normal

Hard

Mauli

20

72

112

Regural

Irregural

Normal

Hard

Fitri

20

69

110

Regural

Irregural

normal

Hard

Mentari

20

83

107

Regural

Regural

hard

Hard

Emi

20

86

107

Regural

Irregural

normal

Hard

b. The Table of Heartbeat

No

Name
OP

Age F/M

Marzuki 20

Mariatul 19

Yosua

20

Diah

20

Akbar

20

Laras

20

Heart beat
Speed
Rest
Activity
68
132
Times/Min Times/Min
84
148
Times/Min Times/Min
98
164
Times/Min Times/Min
83
110
Times/Min Times/Min
72
108
Times/Min Times/Min
74
120

Rhythm
Strength
Rest
Activity
Rest
Activity
Regural Regural Normal Sangat
hard
Regural Irregural Medium Fast
Irregural Irregural Medium Fast
Regural

Regural

Medium Hard

Regural

Irregural Medium Hard

Regural

Irregural Medium Hard

Dewi

20

Fitri

20

Anggita

19

10

Diana

19

Times/Min
90
Times/Min
64
Times/Min
93
Times/Min
114
Times/Min

Times/Min
160
Times/Min
85
Times/Min
92
Times/Min
122
Times/Min

Regural

Irregural Medium Hard

Regural

Regural

Regural

Irregural Hard

Medium

Regural

Regural

Hard

Normal

Normal

Hard

c. Table of blood pressure

No

NAME
OP

AGE

Rinny

20

Mariatul 19

Yoshua

20

Fitri

20

Mai

20

Akbar

20

III.

SEX
Sistolik
Rest Activity
120
130
mmHg mmHg
80
90
mmHg mmHg
130
110
mmHg mmHg
100
106
mmHg mmHg
92
110
mmHg mmHg
90
110
mmHg mmHg

Blood Pressure
Diastolik
Rest Activity
80
70
mmHg mmHg
40
60
mmHg mmHg
80
70
mmHg mmHg
60
80
mmHg mmHg
62
70
mmHg mmHg
70
80
mmHg mmHg

Pluse
Rest
Activity
40
60
mmHg mmHg
40
30
mmHg mmHg
50
40
mmHg mmHg
40
26
mmHg mmHg
30
40
mmHg mmHg
20
30
mmHg mmHg

DISCUSSION
a. Pulse

From the pulse measurement results table above were each OP has the speed, rhythm, and
different strengths. How to measure pulse by feeling the pulses that occur at the radial artery in
the wrist by using the index finger and middle finger for one minute. Measurements in this way
do not use the little finger and thumb as the thumb and little finger are the extension of the
arteries so that if we perform measurements with the thumb or pinky is not accurate, it could be a
pulse that feels on the thumb or pinky coming from the thumb and little finger instead of the
radial artery.
In pulse measurement at rest, the OP asked to sit quietly, the aim is for the OP when
measured pulse actually the objec complete rest. In general, the results of the measurement of
resting pulse rate can be classified into 2 groups:
1. Low-speed (69-71) consists of two OP-Fitr and Marcheli

2. Medium speed (72-89) consists of seven OP is Mauli, Mitha, Joshua, Mariatul, Mai, Emi
and Mentari
Speed of pulse measurements after they do exercise for 10 minutes in general can be
classified into 3 groups:
1. Low-speed (90-107) consists of four OP Mitha, Emi, Mentari and Mariatul
2. Medium speed (108-115) consists of three OP-Fitr, Mauli, Marcheli.
3. High-speed (116-138) consist of two OP is Mai and Joshua
The lowest speed pulse before doing the activity was Fitri and Marcheli. While the
increase in pulse rate was highest in Joshua, resting pulse rate is only 79, but after doing the
activity ran his pulse rate reached 138 This may occur because the OP is likely not accustomed to
doing a lot of work with great physical burden, so that when the OP the activity ran for 10
minutes, the body feels heavy work, and his pulse rate gets higher.
As for the pulse rhythm breaks all regular OP, is a regular here means a constant rhythm
(steady, unchanging). After doing the activity rhythm of the pulse of change has increased, but
this did not occur in the two OP Mai and Mentari, this happens because the OP often do sports,
so sports activities such as running for 10 minutes before doing the experiment did not affect the
rhythm of the pulse, because of his physiology has adapted to habits of exercise activities, while
on the other OP pulse rhythm changes due to physiological reactions in the body due to the
activity of running for 10 minutes.
At the time of an increase in metabolic activity of muscle cells, thus increasing the blood
flow to remove nutrients from the blood so that the muscle tissue is needed to increase cardiac
output to supply nutrients through increased blood flow. The increase in cardiac output will
increase heart beat which will increase the pulse rate at the end.
The strength of the pulse at all OP increased, because each OP observed by different
observers, so that the observations are more subjective, unlike the pulse velocity measurement is
more objective. Increasing the strength of the pulse due to the speed of blood flow in the body
also increases.
The difference in pulse rate both at rest and after activity is influenced by several factors,
including: age, gender, activity or employment, food, medicine, and emotional conditions.
Another factor that led to differences in the frequency of the pulse in the lab can be caused by
measurement errors and inaccuracy during the practicum.

b. Heartbeat
Measurement of heart beat is done by using a stethoscope placed on the apex of the heart
at the fifth intercostal area next to the midclavicular line, for the women are more easily under
the mammary gland. Stethoscope is used to facilitate hearing the two main heart sounds during
the cardiac cycle. Listening to the heartbeat using a stethoscope, a process known as
ausculatation, namely heart beat measurement methods are more accurate.

The sound of the heartbeat rhythm OP counted for 30 seconds in a state of rest or normal.
Then later also calculated heart beat after OP OP sports activities for 10 minutes. This is done in
order to see the comparison of the heart beat at rest and on exertion.
From the nine OP that we observed an average yield of resting heart beat is 60 beats /
min. While the average heart beat after activity is 82.733 beats / min. Based on the reference, the
normal adult heart beat is 55 to 90 times / min with an average of 70 times / min. That means that
the results of the experiment showed that nine OP has a normal heart beat with the lowest speed
at fitris heartbeat 74.5 times / min and the highest one is yosua 131 times / min.
However, in Anggitas case there are decreasing of heartbeat. Heart beat at rest is 93
beats / min while the heart beat after activity was 92 times / min. Decreasing one point.
Supposedly after activity heart beat will increase rapidly this is because at the time of an increase
in metabolic activity of muscle cells, thus increasing the blood flow to remove nutrients from the
blood so that the muscle tissue is needed to increase cardiac output to supply nutrients through
increase in blood flow. The increase in cardiac output will increase heart beat which will increase
the pulse rate at the end. In this case may be due to the lack of precision in calculating the heart
beat or the counting is done after normal breathing OP so that the resulting heart beat decreases.
The other thing that we observed is the rhythm and strength. The presence of the
heart rhythm caused by a beat to the anterior wall of the left ventricle that occurs during
ventricular contraction. In the observation data showed that there results a regular heart
rhythm and there are also irregular. In all the OP got the result that the heart beat at rest
and after regular heart beat activity there are still regular and irregular there. Heartbeat
rhythm that sounds originating from the blood upheaval caused by a heart valve shut.
Rhythm of heart beat at rest should not be irregular, because usually in a state of rest time
between the second heart sound to the next first heart sound is approximately 2 times
longer than the time between the first heart sound and the second heart sound in one cycle.
However, the observational data are generally OP regularly, making the data allow this to
happen. We can not be sure how the process of collecting data on each OP saw limited time
availability. Strength of heart beat influenced the amount of blood that comes out of the left
ventricle (right ventricle) into the aorta (pulmonary artery) every minute amount of blood
loss is influenced by: the volume of blood pumped each pulsing ventricle and heart beat
every minute, so that the heart beat should happened none the less, moderate and strong.
In theory, the rhythm of the heart beat at the time of regular activity. This is caused by the
activity of speed contraction of the heart. Contraction of the heart is affected by stimuli that come
to the heart through the vagus nerve and sympathetic. Branches of the nerves running to the
sinus-atrial nodes. The influence of the sympathetic system accelerates the heart rhythm. And the
influence of the vagus, which is part of the slstem parasympathetic or autonomic system that
causes movement of the heart is slowed or inhibited. In the normal heart is always challenged by
the vagus, but when the vagus / "brake" dispensed to meet the body's needs when moving fast,
the rhythm of heart beat increase on a regular basis. In addition, the rhythm is due at the time of
heart contraction increased, cardiac oxygen demand also increases thus requiring an increase in
coronary blood flow. This resulted in an increase in stroke volume and increased heart beat.
Conversely, when the rest of the body and calm the soul rhythm more slowly.

In general observations obtained power of heart beat is normal, and being strong and
being at rest, fast strong, very strong on exertion. OP is Anggita a powerful force when it breaks
his heart beat. It is influenced by daily activities, perhaps because the OP Anggita being nervous
and so on. OP activity Anggita Nmaun after changing the strength of his heart into being, this is
probably due to an error in drawing a conclusion about the strength of the heart. Should have the
power or heart beat were normal at rest and after activity strong. From these experiments it is
known that the heart beat is influenced by age, sex, physical fitness and body temperature.
In general, after observation, there is a change of pace increased resting heart beat with
the heart beat activity. This can be seen from the rhythm of the resting heart beat becomes faster
when the regular activities, as well as the strength of the strong heartbeat during activity. These
changes occurred during exercise because the heart is stimulated to contract more quickly. Heart
beat also increased due to an increase in sympathetic activity accompanied by a reduction in
parasympathetic activity. The strength of a strong heartbeat as well as the muscles contract and
cause the systolic pressure in the aortic / pulmonary valve, causing increases associated with
rapid closing at the end of systole. This has resulted in a strong burst, causing a loud noise and
sharp.
In a reference table contained a variety of effects on cardiac output state, which is as follows:
Factor
There is no treatment

Sleep
Changes in environmental temperature

Increased

Anxiety and excitement (50-100%)

Eating(30%)
Exercise(to 700%)
High environmental temperature
pregnancy
epinephrine
histamine

Decreased

Sit or stand from a lying position (2030%)

arrhythmias fast
heart disease

In the table it can be seen that the heart beat will increase because of the activity or
exercise, ie up to 700%. While the heart beat will decrease in sitting or resting. In addition to the
activity of the heart beat is also influenced by age, sex, physical fitness and body temperature.
c. Blood pressure

Based on the measurement results, it can be seen that most of the OP have normal blood
pressure, because the normal systolic pressure in adults is 90-130 mmHg while normal diastolic
pressure is 60-90 mmHg. However, mariatul have a systolic blood pressure under normal
pressure, ie 80 mmHg. This happens due to age also affect a person's blood pressure. In addition,
based on the data above, most of the blood pressure PO activity measured before and after the
activity has increased blood pressure. This proves that the activity affects a person's blood
pressure. When someone is activity, then all organ systems in the body will work and
interconnected. In addition, increased blood pressure is also caused by the exertion of body cells
require a supply of O2 is much the result of cell metabolism to work sooner in generating energy.
So that the blood circulation in the blood vessels will be faster and the bulk of blood is needed
will be even greater. Due to vasodilation on cardiac muscle and skeletal muscle and arteriolar
vasoconstriction which causes arteriolar narrowing and cardiac work per unit volume increases
so that blood will increase and the pressure in arterioles increased. Every organ in the body has
the specialization of each. Accordingly, the circulatory system is tasked to carry oxygen and
nutrients needed by the body parts. If the blood stops flowing to an organ in the body, the
logistical supply (in the form of oxygen and nutrients) to the body's organs will also be stopped.
However, there is a possibility that blood pressure is measured before the activity and after the
activity has decreased. This is most likely because the blood pressure was measured after OP
rested long enough and the type of activities performed by the OP. In addition, based on the
above data it can be seen that the pulse male - male would be faster than a pulse on women.
Although there are exceptions to akbar. This may happens because these women are in higher
emotions

IV.

CONCLUSION
a. The measurement of the pulse at the radial artery in the wrist.
b. Rhythm and force more regular pulse at rest.
c. To measure pulse by feeling the pulses that occur at the radial artery in the wrist
by using the index finger and middle finger.
d. Factors affecting the pulse of genders and activity habits.
e. lowest resting pulse rate is 54 to OP-Fitri while the highest pulse after the move
to run for 10 minutes was 141 at the OP Joshua.
f. Heart beat is influenced by age, sex, physical fitness and body temperature.
g. At the time of resting heart beat rhythm should tend to be irregular, whereas the
activity
rhythm when the heartbeat becomes irregular.
h. The power of the heart beat at rest was supposed to be medium, and while the
activity supposed to be strong.
i. The best place to measure blood pressure is in the arms
j. Blood pressure can be affected by many factors.

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