Quantitative Aptitude Shortcuts & Tricks

Quantitative Aptitude Shortcuts & Tricks
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QuantitativeAptitude Shortcuts and Tricks
Finding number of Factors

To find the number of factors of a given number, express the number as a
product of powers of prime numbers.
In this case, 48 can be written as 16 * 3 = (24 * 3)
Now, increment the power of each of the prime numbers by 1 and multiply the
result.
In this case it will be (4 + 1)*(1 + 1) = 5 * 2 = 10 (the power of 2 is 4 and the

power of 3 is 1)
Therefore, there will 10 factors including 1 and 48. Excluding, these two
numbers, you will have 10 2 = 8 factors.
Sum of n natural numbers
-> The sum of first n natural numbers = n (n+1)/2
-> The sum of squares of first n natural numbers is n (n+1)(2n+1)/6
-> The sum of first n even numbers= n (n+1)
-> The sum of first n odd numbers= n^2

Finding Squares of numbers
To find the squares of numbers near numbers of which squares are known
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To find 41^2 , Add 40+41 to 1600 =1681
To find 59^2 , Subtract 60^2-(60+59) =3481

Finding number of Positive Roots
http://howtoprepare4cat.blogspot.in/2012/03/quantitative-aptitude-shortcuts-tricks.html[Thursday 11-06-2015 11:14:15 AM]

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If an equation (i:e f(x)=0 ) contains all positive co-efficient of any powers of x ,

it has no positive roots then.
Eg:x^4+3x^2+2x+6=0 has no positive roots .
Finding number of Imaginary Roots
For an equation f(x)=0 , the maximum number of positive roots it can have is
the number of sign changes in f(x) ; and the maximum number of negative roots
it can have is the number of sign changes in f(-x) .
Hence the remaining are the minimum number of imaginary roots of the
equation(Since we also know that the index of the maximum power of x is the
number of roots of an equation.)
Reciprocal Roots
The equation whose roots are the reciprocal of the roots of the equation
ax^2+bx+c is cx^2+bx+a
Roots
Roots of x^2+x+1=0 are 1,w,w^2 where 1+w+w^2=0 and w^3=1

Finding Sum of the rootsFor
a cubic equation ax^3+bx^2+cx+d=o sum of the
roots = - b/a sum of the product of the roots taken two at a time = c/a product
of the roots = -d/a
For a biquadratic equation ax^4+bx^3+cx^2+dx+e = 0 sum of the roots =

b/a sum of the product of the roots taken three at a time = c/a sum of the
product of the roots taken two at a time = -d/a product of the roots
= e/a
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Maximum/Minimum
-> If for two numbers x+y=k(=constant), then their PRODUCT is MAXIMUM if

x=y(=k/2). The maximum product is then (k^2)/4
-> If for two numbers x*y=k(=constant), then their SUM is MINIMUM if

x=y(=root(k)). The minimum sum is then 2*root(k) .
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Inequalties
-> x + y >= x+y ( stands for absolute value or modulus ) (Useful in solving
some inequations)
-> a+b=a+b if a*b>=0 else a+b >= a+b

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Allie Marie
-> 2<= (1+1/n)^n <=3 -> (1+x)^n ~ (1+nx) if x<<<1> When you multiply
each side of the inequality by -1, you have to reverse the direction of the
inequality.
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Product Vs HCF-LCM
Product of any two numbers = Product of their HCF and LCM . Hence product of
two numbers = LCM of the numbers if they are prime to each other
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AM GM HM
For any 2 numbers a>b a>AM>GM>HM>b (where AM, GM ,HM stand for
arithmetic, geometric , harmonic menasa respectively) (GM)^2 =
AM * HM
Sum of Exterior Angles
For any regular polygon , the sum of the exterior angles is equal to 360
degrees
hence measure of any external angle is equal to 360/n. ( where n
is the number
of sides)
For any regular polygon , the sum of interior angles =(n-2)180 degrees
So measure of one angle in
Square-----=90
Pentagon--=108
Hexagon---=120
Heptagon--=128.5
Octagon---=135
Nonagon--=140
Decagon--=144
Problems on clocks
Problems on clocks can be tackled as assuming two runners going round a circle
, one 12 times as fast as the other . That is , the minute hand describes 6
degrees /minute the hour hand describes 1/2 degrees /minute . Thus the minute
hand describes 5(1/2) degrees more than the hour hand per minute .
The hour and the minute hand meet each other after every 65(5/11) minutes
after being together at midnight. (This can be derived from the above) .
Co-ordinates
Given the coordinates (a,b) (c,d) (e,f) (g,h) of a parallelogram , the coordinates
of the meeting point of the diagonals can be found out by solving for [(a+e)/2,
(b+f)/2] =[ (c+g)/2 , (d+h)/2]
Ratio
If a1/b1 = a2/b2 = a3/b3 = .............. , then each ratio is equal to (k1*a1+

k2*a2+k3*a3+..............) / (k1*b1+ k2*b2+k3*b3+..............) , which is also
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equal to (a1+a2+a3+............./b1+b2+b3+..........)
Finding multiples
x^n -a^n = (x-a)(x^(n-1) + x^(n-2) + .......+ a^(n-1) ) ......Very useful for

finding multiples .For example (17-14=3 will be a multiple of
17^3 - 14^3)
Exponents
e^x = 1 + (x)/1! + (x^2)/2! + (x^3)/3! + ........to infinity 2 <>GP
-> In a GP the product of any two terms equidistant from a term is always
constant .
-> The sum of an infinite GP = a/(1-r) , where a and r are resp. the first term
and common ratio of the GP .
2015
(5)
2014
(29)
2013
(15)
2012
(38)
Oct
(2)
Mixtures
If Q be the volume of a vessel q qty of a mixture of water and wine be removed

each time from a mixture n be the number of times this operation
be done and A
be the final qty of wine in the mixture then ,
A/Q = (1-q/Q)^n
Sep
(6)
Aug
(7)
Jul
(3)
Jun
(2)
Apr
(1)
Mar
(1)
Quantitative Aptitude
Shortcuts & Tricks
Feb
(1)
Jan
(15)
2011
(58)
2010
(4)
2009
(10)
2008
(19)
2007
(7)
Some Pythagorean triplets:
3,4,5----------(3^2=4+5)
5,12,13--------(5^2=12+13)
7,24,25--------(7^2=24+25)
8,15,17--------(8^2 / 2 = 15+17 )
9,40,41--------(9^2=40+41)
11,60,61-------(11^2=60+61)
12,35,37-------(12^2 / 2 = 35+37)
16,63,65-------(16^2 /2 = 63+65)
20,21,29-------(EXCEPTION)
Appolonius theorem
Appolonius theorem could be applied to the 4 triangles formed in a

parallelogram.
Function
Any function of the type y=f(x)=(ax-b)/(bx-a) is always of the form x=f(y) .
LABELS
Finding Squares
To find the squares of numbers from 50 to 59
For 5X^2 , use the formulae
(5X)^2 = 5^2 +X / X^2
Eg ; (55^2) = 25+5 /25

=3025
(56)^2 = 25+6/36
=3136
(59)^2 = 25+9/81
=3481
Successive Discounts
Formula for successive discounts
a+b+(ab/100)
This is used for succesive discounts types of sums.like 1999 population increses
by 10% and then in 2000 by 5% so the population in 2000 now is 10+5+
(50/100)=+15.5% more that was in 1999 and if there is a decrease then it will
be preceeded by a -ve sign and likewise.
Rules of Logarithms:
-> loga(M)=y if and only if M=ay
-> loga(MN)=loga(M)+loga(N)
-> loga(M/N)=loga(M)-loga(N)
-> loga(Mp)=p*loga(M)
-> loga(1)=0-> loga(ap)=p
-> log(1+x) = x - (x^2)/2 + (x^3)/3 - (x^4)/4 .........to infinity [ Note the

alternating sign . .Also note that the ogarithm is with respect
to base e ]
Also Read:
Quantitative
Aptitude Tips & Tricks for CAT
Divisibility
rules for Numbers with examples
Quantitative
Aptitude Tricks for CAT - Page 1
Quantitative
Quantitative
Posted by
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Labels:
Quantitative Aptitude Shortcuts and Tricks
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4 : 3. After 4 years this ratio will be 9 : 7. If at the time of their
marriage the ratio was 5 : 3, how many years ago they were
married?
(a) 10 years (b) 8 years
(c) 12 years (d) 15 years
16. Simplify:
1313131
1313131
...
...
...
...
++
(a) .3 (b) 3
1
3
(c) .
.
3 (d) 1
17. What sum of money is to be divided among 3 men in
the ratio 3 : 4 : 5 so that the third man receives Rs 10 only.
(a) Rs 56 (b) Rs 84 (c) Rs 120 (d) Rs 24
18. Sum of two numbers prime to each other is 20 and
their L.C.M. is 99. What are the numbers?
(a) 8 and 12 (b) 14 and 6
(c) 19 and 1 (d) 11 and 9
19. Find square root of 2 7.
.
(a) .5 (b) 5 (c) 1
2
3
(d) .3
20. Find the greatest of the four least common multiples

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(a) 1 (b) 420 (c) 315 (d) 105
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