Ahsanullah University of Science and Technology

Fall 2014

COURSE: POWER SYSTEM I (EEE 3205)

LECTURE 2: INDUCTANCE
Instructor : Dr. Engr. A. K. M. Baki
Room # 4A08
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DEFINITION OF INDUCTANCE
The voltage induced in a circuit due to change in flux linkage can
be expressed as:

(1)
Where,
e is the induced voltage;
is the flux linkage of the circuit in wbt (weber-turn);
In a circuit, when current changes its associated magnetic field
(flux linkage) changes.
2

DEFINITION OF INDUCTANCE
For a constant permeability, no. of flux linkage is proportional to
the current.
Therefore,
(2)
L= constant of proportionality (inductance of the circuit), H (Henry)
e = induced voltage, V
= rate of change of current, A/s
From (1) and (2)

(H) (3)

The inductance of a circuit is defined as the flux linkages per unit

current.

DEFINITION OF INDUCTANCE
If the flux linkages of the circuit vary linearly with current, which
means that the magnetic circuit has a constant permeability
(H)
(wbt)

(4)
(5)

Where and i are the instantaneous values.

In phasor form,
(wbt)

(6)

Since and I are in phase, L is real

[Note: A phasor contains the amplitude and phase information but is
independent of time variable t.]
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DEFINITION OF INDUCTANCE
The phasor voltage drop due to flux linkage is

(7)

MUTUAL INDUCTANCE
Mutual inductance between two circuits is defined as the
flux linkages of one circuit due to current in the second
circuit per ampere of current in the second circuit. If the
current I2 in the second circuit produces flux linkages with
circuit 1, the mutual inductance is,
(8)
Where,
M12: Mutual inductance between circuit 1 and circuit 2;
12: Flux linkage with circuit 1 for a current I2 in circuit 2;
I2: Current in circuit 2;

AMPERES CIRCUIT LAW

THE LINE INTEGRAL OF THE MAGNETIC FLUX AROUND A CLOSED CURVE IS EXACTLY EQUAL
TO THE ALGEBRAIC SUM OF ELECTRIC CURRENTS ENCLOSED BY THAT CURVE,

H.dl = I

enc

Andr-Marie Ampre
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AMPERES CIRCUIT LAW

AN INFINITELY LONG STRAIGHT FILAMENT CARRYING A DIRECT CURRENT I
ACCORDING TO ACL,
2

H.dl = H rd = H r d
= H 2r = Ienc
Ienc
H =
2r
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AMPERES CIRCUIT LAW

THE

STREAMLINES OF THE MAGNETIC FIELD INTENSITY AROUND AN INFINITELY LONG

STRAIGHT FILAMENT CARRYING A DIRECT CURRENT I. THE DIRECTION OF I IS INTO THE
SLIDE.
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INDUCTANCE OF A CONDUCTOR DUE TO

INTERNAL FLUX
Consider a conductor of radius r carrying a current I. At a
distance x from the center of this conductor, the magnetic field
intensity Hx can be found from Amperes law:
(9)

Figure 5. Cross section of a cylindrical conductor.

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INDUCTANCE OF A CONDUCTOR DUE TO

INTERNAL FLUX
Where Hx is the magnetic field intensity (At/m) at each point
along a closed path, ds is a unit vector (m) along that path and Ix
is the net current (A) enclosed in the path. For the homogeneous
materials and a circular path of radius x, the magnitude of Hx is
constant, and ds is always parallel to Hx.
Therefore,
(10)
Assuming uniform current density,
(11)
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INDUCTANCE OF A CONDUCTOR DUE TO

INTERNAL FLUX
Where I is the total current in the conductor. Then substituting
(11) in (10) and solving for Hx, we obtain,
(At/m)

(12)

The flux density x meters from the center of the conductor is

(Wb/m2)

(13)

Where is the permeability of the conductor.

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INDUCTANCE OF A CONDUCTOR DUE TO

INTERNAL FLUX
In the tubular element of thickness dx the flux d is
Bx times the cross-sectional are of the element
normal to the flux lines, the area being dx times the
axial length. The flux per meter of length is
(Wb/m)

(14)

The flux linkage/meter d, which are caused by the flux in the

tubular element, are the product of flux/meter and the fraction of
the current linked. Thus,
(Wbt/m)

(15)
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INDUCTANCE OF A CONDUCTOR DUE TO

INTERNAL FLUX
Total flux linkage inside the conductor is,

(Wbt/m)

For a relative permeability of 1,

(Wbt/m)

(H/m)

(16)

H/m.
(17)

(18)
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REFERENCES
1. Power System Analysis
John J. Grainger, W. D. Stevenson, Jr.
2. Class notes provided

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