Contents

1.
2.

Narendra Modi through the Eyes of Gujarati Muslims, Christians and

Actions Taken by Narendra Modi to Control the Riots following Godhra
Train Massacre

3.

Economic Profile of Muslims in Gujarat: Some Key Indicators

4.

Did Muslims Vote for Modi Led BJP out of Fear?

5.

Of Skull Cap, Miyan Musharraf and Modi's Sadbhavana Yatra

6.

Heroes of the Secular Brigade

7.

When Congress State Govts Refused Additional Forces to Quell Gujarat

riots

8.

When Select Phrases are Lifted and Distorted out of Context

9.

Nightlife in Ahmedabad: Some Glimpses

10. Neither a Rambo Act Nor a Publicity Gimmick: Modi Led Relief Efforts
in Uttarakhand

11. The Gujarat Lokayukta Controversy: Media Peddles Partisan Propaganda

1
Narendra Modi through the Eyes of Gujarati
Muslims, Christians and

When some pockets of Gujarat were convulsed by violent riots in February 2002, I
too accepted the version presented by the national media as well as our activist friends
and assumed that Modi was complicit in the Gujarat riots of 2002. Therefore, I too
signed statements against Modi, published articles sent to Manushi indicting Gujarat
government. We also raised funds for riot victims. However, I refrained from writing
anything under my name because I did not get the time to visit Gujarat and experience
and assess the situation first hand. My earlier experience of covering various riots as
well as conflict situations in Kashmir and Punjab had taught me that media reports
cannot be trusted enough to take a definitive stand on such issues since they are often
coloured by the ideological prism used by the writer. Therefore, I refrained from
making statements on Gujarat.
Having spent a lot of time covering major riotsincluding the 1984 massacre of Sikhs,
series of riots in Meerut, Malliana in the 1980s, Bombay 1993, Jammu 1989 and
having closely studied several others like Biharsharif, Bhiwandi, Jamshedpur, and
series of riots in Ahmedabad, Surat, etc, I knew that barring Delhi 1984 all others were
jointly orchestrated by the BJP and Congress. Even in the communal polarisation due to
Babri Masjid demolition the Congress Party had been an equal partner in crime with the
BJP.
This dubious role of the Congress Party at total variance with the ideological
grounding of the grand old Party crafted by Mahatma Gandhiplayed an important
role in marginalizing the Congress in large parts of India. Knowledgeable Gujaratis told
me that even in 2002 Congressmen avidly joined Sangh Parivar mobsters in carrying
out communal killings, arson and loot. One also knew from earlier reports and later
heard through informal networks that there was a lot of retaliatory violence by the
Muslims which led to thousands of Hindus also suffering substantial losses and ending
up in refugee camps.
Therefore, when BJP in general and Modi in particular, began to be singled out for
attacks and demonised as no other politician before or after in known history, one felt
an instinctive uneasiness about Hate and Oust Modi campaign. This uneasiness grew as
it became obvious over the years that most of the NGOs, activists, journalists,
academics involved in Modis demonisation enjoyed active patronage of the Congress
Party and some even got huge financial support for carrying out a sustained campaign
against Modi.
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Even during the anti-Sikh massacre of 1984 in North India the slogan of those of us
who worked with victims and documented the unprecedented massacre was-- Punish
the Guilty-- though the complicity of the then Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi, Home
Minister Narasimha Rao, Lt Governor of Delhi P.G Gavai was brazen. But neither the
PM nor the Home Minister or the Lt Governor were personally demonised.But in the
case of Gujarat riots of 2002 the entire discourse came to centre around just one man!
In a recent interview with me, film script writer Salim Khan made an interesting
comment: Does anyone remember who the chief minister of Maharashtra was during
Mumbai riots which were no less deadly than the Gujarat riots of 2002? Does anyone
recall the name of the chief minister of UP during Malliana and Meerut riots or Bihar
CM when the Bhagalpur or Jamshedpur riots under Congress regimes took place? Do
we hear the names of earlier chief ministers of Gujarat under whose charge hundreds of
riots took place in post-Independence India? Some of these riots were far more deadly
than the 2002 outburst. The state used to explode into violence every second month?
Does anyone remember who was in-charge of Delhis security when the 1984 massacre
of Sikhs took place in the capital of India How come Narendra Modi has been singled
out as Devil Incarnate as if he personally carried out all the killings during the riots of
2002?
Why just distant riots, does anyone remember the fate of hundreds of thousands of
Bodos and Muslims who were uprooted from their villages in July 2012 because their
homes were torched and destroyed? As of 8 August 2012, over 400,000 people had
taken shelter in 270 relief camps, after being displaced from almost 400 villages. The
Assam chief minister delayed deployment of the Army by 4 days even though large
number of Army units are stationed right there Assam. Thousands are still living under
sub human conditions in refugee camps. Why are those riots already forgotten?
I also found it puzzling that almost all of those who have led the Hate Modi campaign
are neither Muslim nor residents of Gujarat. Three of the most prominent figures of anti
Modi Brigade from within Gujarat are not Muslims. Whenever a Gujarati Muslim has
tried to speak in a different voice, he has been attacked viciously and made to pay such
a heavy price that people just shut up in terror. The highly respected and eminent
Muslim scholar, Maulana Vastanvi was forced to resign as Vice Chancellor of
Deobandh simply because he said Gujarati Muslims had benefited from the inclusive
development policies of Modis government. Shahid Siddiqui, the editor of Urdu
daily, Nai Duniya was attacked and abused endlessly for simply doing an interview
with Modi in which Modi defends himself against various charges leveled against his
government. Siddiqui fell in line within no time and began singing anti Modi songs on
TV.
The political discourse in India is so vitiated by Modi phobia that even if you express
happiness at the quality of roads in rural Gujarat or 24x7 power supply in the villages
and towns of Gujarat, you are branded a supporter of fascism. It is politically
fashionable to defend Kashmiri secessionists, press for peaceful engagement with the
Pakistani establishment which sends terror brigades to India and project murderous
Maoists as saviours of the poor. But to say a word in appreciation of governance
reforms in Gujarat is to commit political hara-kiriyou are forever tainted and tarred
with the colours of fascism.

This intellectual terror created by the anti Modi Brigade pushed me to find out for
myself why this obsessive anxiety about Modi? Why do secularists not want to be
reminded that Gujarat has been riot free since 2002? Why dont they want to document
what made Gujarata state that witnessed hundreds of riots post-Independence leading
to deep mutual estrangement between Hindus and Muslimsexperience its first riot
free decade after Independence under Modis rule? What do Gujarat Muslims have to
say about it? Why they are not allowed to speak for themselves?
The demonization of Modi is based on the following charges:

Modi is Anti-Muslim and anti-Christian;

Modi allowed Muslims to be massacred in order to consolidate the Hindu vote
bank.
Religious minorities live under terror under Modis regime as second or third
class citizens;
Muslims are being ghettoized and impoverished through discriminatory state
action;
They have begun voting for Modi because of fear of reprisals by Hindutva
forces.

I began my study of Gujarat riots driven by the following questions:

What is unique about Gujarat riots?

What was Modis personal role during those riots?
What do Muslims of Gujarat have to say about those riots?
If Modi critics are right about Gujarat being a deeply communalized society
with Muslims living as a terrorized minority, how come the state has witnessed
no riots since 2002?
Why is the percentage of Muslims voting for Modi increasing with every
election? Is it out of terror?
How come hundreds of Muslims have won panchayat, zilla parishad and
municipal elections on BJP tickets?

My study of Gujarat will also cover an analysis of Modis Development Model which
would include studying the nature of governance reforms, including police reforms
since they are supposed to be intrinsic to his economic development model.
Modi claims his Gujarat development model is Inclusive while his critics reject it as
pro-corporate and anti- poor, pro-elite and anti farmer as well as majoritarian and
anti minorities, I will be looking closely at how the hitherto excluded or marginalized
populations small farmers, tribals, Dalits, Muslims, Christians view it. Has it
facilitated inclusion and upward mobility for them or are they being further
marginalized? The accounts I share in the following pages provide very small glimpses
of this. I intend to study them in depth.
I began my Gujarat journey by talking to a section of Gujarati Muslims and visiting
their homes and neighbourhoods. This is a modest beginning in sharing what I learnt
from my first visit to Gujarat and studying the court cases against Modi. What I have
unravelled thus far is just the tip of the iceberg. I plan multiple visits to Gujarat in the
coming months to study all this in depth.
4

I start with an account of 2002 riots because the stigma of those days has stuck to
Modi like a leech casting a dark shadow over all else he does. It is based on
interviews with key people whose experiences and statements deserve to be taken
seriously. I am well aware this will upset many of those who have convinced
themselves or have been persuaded by others they trust that Modi is the Devil Incarnate.
However, my appeal to those well-meaning people who have caught the anti Modi virus
because it is in the air is simply this: I am sharing with you factual accounts by people
who are widely respected in Gujarat. They are providing concrete evidence of why they
find the demonization of Modi unacceptable.
After the 2002 riots, Zafar Sareshwala A Gujarati Muslim was among those who led
an international campaign against Modi. He became a celebrity when he announced his
intention to take Modi to the International Court of Justice. But very soon he decided to
change track.
At a time when Modi had been made into a national and international hate object, Zafar
had the courage to start the process of engagement with Modi. He did this despite the
fact that his own family suffered huge losses in the riots of 2002. Their factory was
totally gutted. They had also suffered similar losses in numerous earlier riots as well in
the 1960s, 1970s, 1980s, and 1990s. Every time their business establishment was
burnt down and they had to start afresh.
Zafar paid heavily for this politically incorrect step. He was attacked not only by
fellow Muslims but also the national and international media as well as activist
networks for having sold out and betrayed his community. The very same people who
treated him as a hero for having led the anti Modi campaign defamed him with ferocity.
I had heard small sound bytes of Zafar on TV debates on Gujarat in recent months.
But our TV anchors were determined to prove Modi a mass butcher and a fascist, so
they rarely allowed Zafar to finish his sentences. It was clear he was being brought in as
a token voice to make the Hate Modi campaign appear more balanced.
I met Zafar on January 11, 2013 in Ahmedabad at the Gujarat Summit. I attended it to
check out for myself whether the systematic trashing of the Gujarat development model
by Modi haters was justified. But a chance meeting with Zafar and his willingness to
spare time to talk to me shook me to the core. It presented a diametrically opposed
picture of Modi based on first-hand experience than the one presented by the Hate Modi
Brigadealmost all of whom have never exchanged a sentence with Modi, leave alone
engaged with Modi in a serious manner. My video recorded conversations with Zafar
Sareshwala run into several hours. They did not end with the two sessions we had in
Ahmedabad, one in Mumbai and one in Delhi. I recorded several conversations on
skype and took notes during several phone conversations from Delhi.
The factual and perceptive account provided by Zafar forced me to look closely at
official records and the SIT report. I double checked the facts of his narration with
several other sources. I did not find a single inaccuracy in Zafars account.
Zafar Sareshwala has set into motion a new phase of Muslim politics in Gujarat. I
believe it has historic implications for Muslim politics in all of India.

I have interspersed his narrative with supporting evidence from other people. The text
below is a mix of conversations with Mahesh Bhatt, Rajat Sharma, Salim Khan, Asifa
Khan, V.V. Augustine, Rais Khan Pathan and select bureaucrats of the Gujarat
government who for understandable reasons prefer to remain anonymous.
Most of these persons, spoke in a mixture of Hindustani and English. VV Augustine
spoke only in English while Rais Khan spoke in Hindustani. I have translated each of
these accounts personally to ensure accuracy of meaning even while I took
liberties with rephrasing and rearranging sentences to make the text more readable.
At one time I was curious to meet and talk to Narendra Modi. But as I started with this
study, I decided to avoid meeting or talking to him, till such time as I have got a good
grasp of the ground reality. I would rather get to know him through his work and how
his work and persona is perceived by officers of the Gujarat Government, his political
colleagues, and ordinary Gujaratis, especially Muslims and Christians. This is a small
beginning in what promises to be a long journey. Portions marked in blue italics are
either my questions or comments.
-----------------I begin with Zafar Sareshwala's account because it is he who triggered in me a deep
interest in trying to understand the Modi phenomenon in depth.
I belong to the Sunni Bohra community which had migrated from Saudi Arabia about
250 years back. Sunni Bohras are not to be confused with Daudi Bohras who constitute
a very small insignificant part of the Muslim population. By contrast, Sunni Bohras are
a huge community spread all over Gujarat. Sunni Bohras are very orthodox Muslims.
But we are successful as small and medium entrepreneurs. Most of the madarasas in
Gujarat are run by the Sunni Bohras. Islamic scholar Maulana Vastanwi, is also a Sunni
Bohra. People only talk of Deoband, but there is an equally old madrasa of Sunni
Bohras in Dabhel, which was set up almost more than 100 years back.

Zafar's wife Asiya

We are absolutely puritan Sunni Muslims. This is a norm

among the Sunni Bohras community that we pray five times a
day and our ladies are in burkas. But despite being religious,
we are highly educated as a community. My physical
appearance and image is that of a stereotypical Muslim. I
have a beard, my wife wears a burkha, we pray 5 times a day,
weve done Hajj and we follow every Islamic tradition. But
our views are enlightened precisely because we take the
teachings of Islam seriously.

People who go on and on about the 2002 riots choose to forget that it was a
culmination of an endless series of riots. The worst riot in post partition India happened
in 1969 in Ahmedabad; more than 5000 Muslims were killed in that massacre. But
because there was no 24x7 media, no one outside got to know because those earlier
riots were not documented. It was a small incident involving a cow but it led to a
shocking outburst. At that time, Gujarat was under the Congress Partys Hitendrabhai
6

Desais regime while Indira Gandhi was in power at the Centre. During the 1969 riots
our office, factory, everything was burnt down. There is an area called Kalupur which
is the heart of Muslims neighbourhoods. In that locality, the police station is situated on
Relief Road. Right opposite that police station, there is a mosque and several Muslim
shops. That mosque and the shops were burnt down. When Mrs Indira Gandhi visited
the riot affected area, she visited that spot. I still remember, I was 5 years old, my
grandfather was present when Indira Gandhi got down from her car and said, Here is a
police station, and 40 metres away, a mosque and Muslim shops are set on fire. She got
down from her car, called her sentries and told them to measure the distance. How on
earth is it possible that right opposite the police station Muslim shops were burnt? In the
1969 riots Muslims were systematically massacred.
Forget about punishment, not even a single charge sheet was filed. The Jagmohan
Commission report is there for everyone to see. Whole communities were wiped out,
without a trace. Why are people not talking about those victims? In 1969, 5000
Muslims were massacred in Ahmedabad alone. Has anyone documented where these
5000 families have gone?
Then there was another major riot in 1985 preceded by several smaller ones. It went
on for months on end. Again my factory was set on fire as also our house. In 1985
Madhavji Solanki of Congress Party was in power in Gujarat and Rajiv Gandhi at the
Centre. Between 1985 and 2002, people came to expect that after every 2-3 months
there would inevitably be a riot. There was curfew for 200 days. During the 1987 riots
also Amar Singh Chaudhury of the Congress party was the CM. This was followed by
the 1990 riot. At that time again Congress Partys Chimanbhai Patel was the Chief
Minister. Again our factory was burnt down. In 1992 also it was burnt, Chimanbhai
Patel was the Chief Minister even at that time.
Every Dalit riot was converted into an anti-Muslim riot whether in 1981 or in 1985. In
every riot, our office and factory was burnt down and we were subjected to great
indignities because the police would not even accept our F.I.R. In those days a Muslim
could never get an FIR registered. After that we were humiliated by the insurance
company. I remember in 1992, my business was almost in full bloom. But our entire
factory was reduced to ashes. We had an insurance of Rs 1.5 crores in 1998.The
insurance company gave us a cheque for Rs.9 lakh. Has anyone documented what
happens to the Muslim establishments that are burnt down? Was every insurance
company run by Narendra Modi?
After each riot, it is the same Hindus who help the rehabilitation of Muslims. I always
say this, if the Gujarati Hindus were 100% communal, the Muslims would have been
destroyed long ago. It is because these Hindus are not communal that Muslims
continue to prosper in Gujarat.
After the 2002 riot, we were financially wiped out because we were in the stock
market. Financial losses to a Muslim, who employs 250 people, is not a joke. At least
250 families receive their ration through me. We couldnt square the position, our bank
guarantee was encashed. The nationalized or private banks that refuse loans to Muslims
are not run by Narendra Modi.

For example, after the riot, in order to rebuild ourselves, I approached ICICI bank and
was ready to mortgage my house for a loan.
At the last minute, the relationship manager tells me, Zafarbhai, the letter M will bite
you. Theres an unwritten law to not give loans to Ms. He said there are negative lists.
Does Narendra Modi make those lists? Only Muslim areas come under negative lists
like for living in areas Kalupur, Jamalpur. If you have a house there, you are in the
negative list. In Paldi, they only kept Faiz Mohammed Society in the negative list
because thats a Muslim colony. They did not give us a loan although we fulfilled all
other qualifications.
Even though I was in England at the time of 2002 riots, our main family business is in
Ahmedabad and we suffered heavy losses. One felt a sense of despair that there is no
one to speak for us. I used to live in Dewsbury. Three Gujarati Muslims from
Dewsbury were murdered near Himmat Nagar during those riots along with two
others. They had gone to visit their ancestral village in Surat district and did not know
about the riots. So they got caught in the frenzy of that fateful night of 27th February
near Himmat Nagar. They were dragged out, brutally killed and badly mutilated. One of
them named Aswal was my neighbour in England. People were shaken and horrified
and we thought that now was the time that we do something. We decided to take
Gujarat government to the International Court of Justice. In fact, at that time Mr L.K.
Advani who was then the Home Minister, was due to come to the U.K, I filed a case
against Advani in the London High Court that this man should not be allowed to enter
U.K because those days Louis Farrakhan, of the Nation of Islam -- an ultra-right wing
black movement -- was scheduled to come to UK but UK government did not allow
him entry.
I said that when you can stop the entry of Farrakhan, Advani should not be allowed
either. My case was admitted in the London High Court. Mr Advani went back from
Spain because he did not want to face the embarrassment. That case was dismissed, but
I wanted to make a point. It was not about Modi, it was about the administration.
We hired a leading British law firm to present our case, we spent money, and we were
building a case against Modi. As the matter proceeded, I realized I was becoming a
hero. I felt uneasy and I asked myself: suppose we file this in the International Court of
Justice, Ok, it will come on TV and I will become a poster boy of the anti-Modi
movement. But what is the likely outcome? At that time Intefada movement was at its
peak. But a peace movement between Palestinians and Israelis was being initiated by
the US. At that point of time, the Palestinians were going to sit down with Sharon,
Perez and this whole meeting was to be organized by George Bush. The Palestinian
issue had been dragging on for at least 60 years. But what did they achieve? We were
also watching the condition of Muslims in the rest of the world. We fought wars, did
everything we could. What did we get from it all? I used to be very disappointed when
I used to see the fate of Palestinian. There were 3 million refugees in Lebanon living in
terribly squalid conditions. Even Bharatnagar or the slums of Mumbai were heaven
compared to these poor Palestinian camps.
I thought, if they had entered into negotiations earlier, these 3 million refugees could
have lived settled lives. And who decides what Palestinians or Gujarati Muslims should
do? These armchair critics? They are sitting in their plush offices in 9 to 5 jobs getting
8

7 figure salaries. All they do is sending off emails. It is we who have to live and die in
Gujarat. And these guys control us. They dont want to come to India, they dont want
to visit Ahmedabad, and they dont care to do anything concrete.
It also broke my myth about Pan-Islamisation. I used to think Islam is one. But I came
to realize Arabs are Arabs and Pakistanis are Pakistanis. Forget Gujarat, even within
India, Lucknow Muslims are Lucknawi. They dont care if Gujarati Muslims die. The
worst was when I realized that if you are Ahmedabadis, even Surat Muslims will not
come to save you.
I used to go from mosque to mosque in England to beg money for 2002 riot victims
telling them, you dont need to give me money. Send it directly to victims or
community NGOs working for them. People need money, we need to build houses. My
immediate reaction at that point of time also was that we should not make beggars of
our community. When I used to hear about refugee camps, I used to tell my brother, For
Gods sake, do something to get these refugee camps closed. Dont allow Muslims to
become a beggar community.
It is not that I could not have gone on with my cushy life living in England. I was
running a financial services company. I was part of the team along with a renowned
Shariah scholar in creating financial products regulated by the Financial Services
Authority (FSA) of the UK. I set up the first Islamic Equity Fund in the world. I was
lecturing in Harvard and at the Islamic Institute of Finance in London. I had given this
whole idea of the Islamic finance, Islamic funds. That was my field. But when I saw the
apathy, it hit me very badly. Nobody cared about those dead, or those whose dear ones
died. The rest were happy in their own world. Gujarat had become a topic of drawing
room conversations over kebabs. And I was horrified with that. I told myself, we dont
want such people; we dont want their sympathy. But I had already waged this war
against Modi. I could not even return to Gujarat. With that as backdrop, I thought
whether it is Gujarat or any other issue, unless and until we sit down and talk, the
problem cant be solved. Then I asked myself, if one has to start the dialogue, who do
we begin with? Why not Modi himself?
I discussed this with 2-3 prominent Muslim scholars. At that very time we got to
know that Modi sahib was coming to England on 17 August 2003 in connection with
the first Vibrant Gujarat Summit. I thought lets meet him and ask, What is your
problem with us? You are yourself from Vadnagar where you have lived with
Muslims. I put forward this idea to some wise Islamic scholars in England. They
said: If you want to solve the problem, then you must talk to Modi. If you dont care
to solve it, then keep fighting. But remember you are going to face a lot of trouble
you cant even imagine the extent of it. I said: Forget all others. What do you think
is the right thing to do Islamically? Guide me on the basis of Quran and Hadith.
They recited 10 Hadith to me and read aayats from the Quran to say yes you should
have a dialogue in the interest of peace. One of them quoted Suleh Hudaybiyyah and
asked me, What is your intent behind this move? I said: Maulana, I have no other
intention except finding a solution. In the post-riot situation, Muslims have lost all
connection with the administration. You cant live in an environment where you are
totally cut off from the administration. You have schools to run, you have hospitals, and
you have madarasas.
9

At every single step we need the government to talk to. Whom do you talk to?
These wise maulanas gave me courage. Then I asked myself how to bell the cat? How
does one meet Modi?
I was already notorious for leading anti Modi campaign and taking the matter to the
International Court of Justice. So I approached my friend Mahesh Bhatt- a prominent
Indian film director, producer and screenwriter, who is actively involved in democratic
rights issues, especially the rights of Muslims in India]. He is one man who reached
Ahmedabad on the very third day of the riot and stood consistently by the Muslim
community. He said to my brother, it is my deepest desire that you once again become
financially strong. For this whatever help you need, I am ready to give.

Mahesh Bhatt and Zafar Sareshwala

I have seen over the years, Bhatt sahib is an honest man. So I told Bhatt sahib of the
new developments and said, Narendra Modi sahib is coming to England. It is my
desire that we meet and talk to him. Bhatt sahib said, Sure you must meet. All
problems have been finally solved on the dialogue table. They had World War I, World
War II. Ultimately, all decisions were taken on the negotiating table.
Then I asked Bhatt sahib, but how do we meet Modi? He replied, If you want to meet
him with the intention of finding solutions, let me figure out how to help you. Some
days later, Bhatt sahib called back saying, My friend Rajat Sharma is very close to
Modi. Ive talked to him. Rajat Sharma says you should send him an email stating why
you want to meet Modi.
So I sent an email. I was not apologetic about anything. I wrote plainly, Yes we had
fought Modi. But now we feel that we have exhausted all the battle options and realize
nothing will come out of it. I will become a hero in the process but I dont want to
become a hero. Therefore, I want to meet Modi and ask him, what is your problem with
Muslims? He forwarded my email to Modi sahib. I am told at first Modi got very
agitated saying Zafar Sareshwala has created so much gadar against me, led so many
demonstrations against me. But I think he must have also looked into my family
background and found that we are good people. I had stated very clearly that we have
no agenda. We just want to meet and talk about 2002.

10

Please note that we met Modi when he was not yet a hero. Modi was the most hated
figure; he was called Milosevic, Hitler and so on. You have to understand that
background. There was no question of asking for any favours from him. Now, there is a
long line of people waiting to meet Modi sahib and competing with each other to praise
him to the skies.
So this meeting was fixed through Rajat Sharma who told us that Modi was coming to
London on the 17th of August. I then told Rajat, Sir, why you dont also come along?
He said, why do you want to drag me into this mess? I told him, if you are there it will
be good for us. So Rajat Sharma flew with Modi from Delhi to London.
"Modi sahib asked us to come and meet him in some hall in Wembley. I replied saying
we want to meet you in private. He agreed and called us at 5 p.m. to St James Court
where he was staying. Here we were praying in anxiety about our first meeting with
Modi when bang came the first headline against me: Zafar Sareshwala takes a U-turn
on Modi. I was attacked furiously by the very same people who treated me as a hero
earlier.
"I said to my critics: Look, if you are so opposed to Modi, then you should have found a
way to defeat him in elections. After all, Modi has won the election with 2/3rd majority.
This election was not rigged. People have voted for him. If you are so clever then you
should have defeated Modi. You cant defeat him in elections but sit here opposing
him? You will not let others even talk to Modi!
"I issued a statement saying: We welcome Narendra Modi who is the democratically
elected Chief Minister of Gujarat. All hell broke loose on me after that one statement.
All the newspapers went after me. And suddenly from a hero, I became a villain. Many
of the big shots of England came to dissuade me from meeting Modi. I did not listen to
any one. I told them I consider this path right. I have no personal agenda. When the
Palestinians can sit down with Sharon, why cant we sit down with Modi? And you
cannot call Modi Sharon by any yardstick!
"The maulanas told me, when we can talk to our enemies, Modi is after all our own. We
can catch him by the collar (girehbaan) because he is one of us. It was the courage of
these 2-3 maulanas and the guidance from Quaran and Hadith that gave me the strength
to say, even if 100 crore Muslims are against me, I am not going to give up this path.
But I faced hell even before I met Modi. I received 1100 hate mails from across the
world. I thought this is my Jehad.
"We were to meet Modi sahib at 5 p.m. Five minutes before that I get a phone call from
Mahesh Bhatt. In his inimitable style he said: Zafar bhai, you are going to meet Modi.
If you cannot look at him straight in the eye and say that there cannot be peace without
justice, then dont go. I said, Bhatt sahib, he is the chief minister, he is in power. I
have no idea whether he will give us 2 minutes or 5. He might just say, Give your
petition and goodbye He said: OK we will pray that you get to say it all. Just go. So
I, my brother and a renowned Muslim scholar went to meet Modi. Because I am a
businessman, I could absorb the onslaught. But the poor Maulana, oh my God, he was
branded as kaafir, bahut zaleel kiya unko. He was humiliated no end!"

11

Since Mahesh Bhatt has been one of the fiercest critics of Modi in the media, I found it
hard to believe that he had encouraged Zafar bhai to start the process of engagement
with Modi. Therefore, I took a special trip to Mumbai to confirm the version of Zafar
and also find out whether he had come to assess Modi differently after a new process of
engagement between Modi and the Gujarat Muslim community began following Zafars
historic first meeting in August 2003. Mahesh Bhatt endorsed every word of Zafars
account.
This is how Zafar describes his first ever meeting with Modi.
See how Modi met us! He kept track of what time we arrived in the building and
came to the elevator to receive us. I was really nervous about the outcome of this
meeting. He shook my hand and broke the ice saying in Hindi: Aayo yaar ! Inside,
there was a jhoola (swing). He made me sit next to him on the jhoola. Because at that
time Modiji used to talk of Gujarati asmita (identity),I said to Mr Modi you are a
slightly diluted Gujarati than me. He said: How come? I replied: You know that I am an
Ahemadabadi and Ahmedabadis by all accounts are the purest of all Gujaratis while
you are from Vadnagar. You are a very impure Gujrati. He said: Yes, you have a
point.
"About 8-10 people were present during that meeting, including Rajat Sharma. I began
by saying, you have come here for Vibrant Gujarat, for the economic progress of
Gujarat. But this economic progress will remain empty without justice. The West rules
the world because these countries ensure justice to their citizens. And our country is in
a messhere I am not talking of Muslims alonebecause every one of us faces
injustice in our country. There cannot be peace without justice.
"After that the Maulana gave a long sermon to Modi on the value of justice. A very top
notch industrialist from Gujarat was also sitting there. He kept looking at his watch.
Modi had some other big program fixed for that evening. But he told him, Stop
looking at your watch. I am going to spend time with these people now. He then told
us, Take all the time you want, and say all that you want to tell me.
"Then we began talking of all the riots and asked him: what were you doing on the
morning of 27 February 2002? Why did you not call your police and the army? Why
did you not go to Juhapura? Why did you not visit refugee camps? The questions that
the SIT asked of Modi much later, we asked him all those questions that day. And yet
we were accused of going to meet Modi to curry personal favours with him! Can there
be a bigger lie than that?

12

"Maulana Isa Mansuri was very tough on Modi, but Modi

treated him with great respect because the Maulana is a great
scholar. Modi kept listening, which was least expected from
the Hindu Hriday Samrat (The Emperor of Hindu
Hearts).Maulana said to him, Modi sahib, forget everything
else, help us get justice. If you do that you will automatically
surge ahead. We are not talking of justice only in relation to
the Muslims who are only 15 % of the population. Hindus are
bigger victims of injustice. Make justice available to all.
Maulana literally made Modi stand in the dock. It is Modis
maturity that even after winning the election with a thumping
Maulana Isa Mansuri majority, he listened to all of that.
"My younger brother Talha was there for that meeting, he had come from India for it.
Talha had seen it all and was actively involved in relief work. I told Modi, Look, no
one can deny that a 1000 plus Muslims were killed. I only ask you, whatever happens
between Palamapur and Vapi, between Bharuch and Jamnagargood or bad- the buck
will stop with you. You are our chief minister.
Whenever there is a problem, whoever is in put in troublewhether Hindu or Muslimit is your responsibility. We will always have the right to ask you: why did this happen
under your charge?
"To this Modi replied: Yes, this blot happened during my tenure and I have to wash it
off.(Haan ye mere kaal ka kalank hai, aur mujhe usko dhona hai). People told us
Modi never says sorry. I said, what does sorry mean? If this Maya Kodnani comes and
says sorry to Muslims, will she be forgiven? We have a criminal justice system in this
country which does not accept sorry. What will Narendra Modis sorry mean to us? We
will judge his sorry from his actual doings.
"We did not beg for any concessions from Modi. We did not say, do this, do that for
us. My first statement to Modi was: you answer this one question before we proceed
any further: You talk of 5 crore Gujratis. Are the 60 lakh Muslims included in the 5
crore? If the answer is yes, then we talk further. But if you say that I am the chief
minister of only the 4.5 crore Hindus of Gujarat, then there is nothing to say.
"He said, Of course you are mine. Among the 5 crore Gujratis you are included. When
I bring Narmada water into Sabarmati River, do I stop it flowing through Muslim
settlement of Juhapura? Who are the biggest beneficiaries of Sabarmati waters near
Nehru Bridge?
"After hearing us out with patience, Modi said some of your points are valid but many
are exaggerations. Modi described how in February 2002, he was very new to
administration. He was suddenly sent as chief minister of Gujarat in 2001, just three
and a half months before the riots since BJP was in doldrums and the Keshubhai Patel
government had performed very poorly. His mandate was to clean up the mess and win
the December 2002 election for BJP. Then he explained to us all the steps he had taken
starting 27th February under very challenging circumstance.

13

"We saw the point because in contrast to the 2002 riots which lasted 3 days, the riots
during Congress regimes used to go on for months on end with some of these earlier
riots producing a far higher death toll. The police as well as the administration were
thoroughly communalized. It was widely known that the BJP/VHP etc patronized
Hindu dons while the Congress party patronized Muslim dons. These organized
criminal mafias functioned with impunity due to political patronage. The coastal belt of
Gujarat in particular was dominated by smuggler mafias importing gold and other
contraband from Dubai.
"This was the Gujarat inherited by Modi, a virtual outsider to governance, in November
2001. When he had to select a constituency to enter the Gujarat assembly as an MLA,
he could not persuade Haren Pandya to vacate a safe seat for him. There, he fought
from Rajkot. He was declared elected on February 26, 2002. It is perhaps not a
coincidence that the very next morning, which also happened to be the day for
presenting his first Budget to the Assembly, Modi was confronted with the gory Godhra
massacre. We were touched by the fact that he listened very carefully and gave us
proper answers. He had all the facts on his fingertips. We had thus far experienced that
Muslims dont get a proper hearing from any one. We experienced the riots of 1969, of
1985, 1987 and 1992. No chief minister had listened to us. All those were Congress
Party chief ministers. They never talked to us.
I remember when after the 1992 riots, a delegation comprising top echelons of
Ahmedabads Muslim community went to meet Narasimha Rao, he made them wait for
4 days without the slightest thought that they had come in the month of Ramadan. I
refused to go to meet Narasimha Rao saying I cannot swallow such humiliation that I
go and plead with the prime minister with folded hands. Why should I grovel before
anyone for my democratic rights? But my uncle went. Rao did not meet the delegation
on the day of the appointment. So my uncle came back saying, what is the point of
meeting a man who does not meet you on the day he has given you time?
"Other delegation members kept waiting for 4 days. On the 4th day they were given 2
minutes. That was the status of Muslims in the Congress party! And what kind of
Muslims were these? The top echelons of Gujarat society. You can count them as the
Tatas and Birlas of Muslim of community. I told myself I will never in my life go with
a begging bowl to anyone. This appointment had been fixed by Ehsan Jafri who was
my fathers closest friend for 60 years. Do you think we are not pained at to the way
Ehsan Jafri was hacked to death on the very first day of the riot? He talked to my father
that very morning before he was butchered."
Ehsan Jafri was a former Congress MP of Gujarat. He had joined the Congress of
Indira Gandhi in the 1960sand was heading the city unit by 1972. In 1977, after the
Emergency when the party was routed in most Indian states, Ehsan managed to win the
Ahmedabad seat and became a Member of Parliament in the 6th Lok Sabha. Thereafter,
he remained active in the party and held several key organizational posts in the
Congress Party Administration in Gujarat. His house was also burnt down in the 1969
riots.

14

To continue with Zafar's story:

"Ehsan Jafri was one of the oldest leaders of the Congress. He
was their MLA. But how did the Congress Party treat him?
Congress had so much power in Gujarat. They dominated the
Municipal Corporation. Why did they not save Ehsan Jafri?
Who was stopping them? He phoned his party people for help
but they didnt go to rescue him. Congressmen were in the
mob that killed him.
"Even for a second it did not feel as though we were talking to
a chief minister. I am not one of those up on sale, that Modi
would dangle this or that to me and I would be won over and
start praising him. Then Modi said, OK tell me about the
problems of today. Tell me, if there is any mosque still under
illegal occupation of Hindus; give me the names of those who
have not received compensation. Come to specifics. I said,
Modi sahib we did not come prepared for this. We only came
to ask you what your problem with us is. Modi then took out a Ehsan Jafri
paper, and said, this is my phone number. Narendra Modi is
available for you 24x7 whether you need him at midnight or at 5 a.m. I give you my
promise, I will give you justice."
Did you make an audio or video recording of that meeting?
"We didnt record anything because we did not think that the meeting would last two
and a half hours, we thought we would only get five minutes. Normally a chief minister
or prime minister does not talk to a common man at such length, they only ask them to
submit a petition and leave. We spoke with him for two and a half hours, every small
detail was discussed."
To double check the facts, I met Rajat Sharma [a BJP insider, chairman and Editor-in
Chief of India TV, (a Hindi news channel in India] who described the meeting in the
following words:
"Maulana Isa Mansuri did not let Modi speak for an hour; he spoke in the harshest tones
and words. Usne to bakayda Modi ki class laga di. But Modi did not interrupt them for
a minute. After they had finished Modi responded in detail with facts of each case they
narrated. He knew each incident in depth and challenged the veracity of many of the
alleged atrocities while conceding several lapses where government failed to reach
help. Then he told the Maulana You know very well, I had been chief minister only
for three and a half months. When this happened, I had no experience of
administration. I had not even been an MLA till then. Therefore, I did not have full
grip over the administration. But think of the number of Hindus that got killed in police
firing. But no Muslim was killed by police bullets. How many places I sent the
army. He convinced them that stories of pregnant womans wombs being ripped open
were all bullshit exaggeration. He also narrated how many relief camps he visited, how
he helped Muslims in rehabilitation.

15

The Maulana then said, If this is all true, then why dont you say it openly? Modi said,
You will not see me fail you in action. But dont ask me to say it openly. VHP types
will wipe me out. Elections are right round the corner. Rajat Sharma also described
incidents involving certain madrasa and Muslim housing complexes which corroborated
Modis claim that he had responded promptly to all calls for help. I did cross check
some of these incidents with people in Gujarat and with other sources."
One such incident was described by Syed Shahnawaz Hussain who is one of the most
prominent Muslim leaders of the Bharatiya Janata Party. He was also a former Cabinet
Minister in BJP led Government. To quote what he told me:
"There is a madrasa near Chhota Udaipur run by Ghulam
Vastanvis educational trust. During 2002 riots, this madrasa
was surrounded by a riotous mob. About 400 students were
trapped inside the madarasa. Some Muslims of the area phoned
me since I was a minister in the Vajpayee cabinet. I called
Narendra Modi and informed him about the imminent danger to
the lives of all those students and requested quick action. In
each case, Modi fully cooperated. But the news that came out
Shahnawaz Hussain was all negative. They talked of killings but made no mention of
all those who were saved due to timely interventions.
How come there have been no convictions of those who carried out massacres in
Moradabad, Bhagalpur Meerut and numerous other places? During the regime of
Nehru, India witnessed the maximum number of riots. There were terrible riots during
the rule of Indira Gandhi and even Rajiv Gandhi. Gujarat was riot prone even before
independence. But they made it out as if riots during Modi regime were communal and
all others in Congress regime non-communal."
Hearing all these accounts I recalled an incident narrated to me in 2003 by Najma
Heptullah about approaching Modi during Gujarat riots. At the time,, she was the
Deputy Chairperson of Rajya Sabha as a Congress member. She is the grant-niece of
Maulana Abul Kalam Azad, a prominent Indian freedom fighter, a close colleague of
Mahatma Gandhi and a strong proponent of united India. Azad was the first Minister
of Education after independence. Heptullah joined the BJP in 2004. I phoned and
reconfirmed the following account in February 2013:
At the height of riots, I got a phone call from the Aga Khans office that a colony of
Khoja Muslims in the midst of Hindu areas, feared attacks. She phoned Advani who
was then the Home Minister in Vajpayees NDA government. Advani in turn talked to
Modi. Within minutes, Narendra Modi called me and said: Najma ben, please dont
worry. I will personally oversee this and ensure their safety.

16

And true to his word, Modi immediately sent the army to protect
that colony and no harm came to it. Local Muslims told me that
since it was on all sides surrounded by Hindu neighbourhoods, if
riotous mobs had actually managed to attack this area called
Kankadiya, there was no way it could escape being another
Naroda Patiya. My experience was that Modi personally
attended to whatever complaint was brought to his notice way
expeditiously Modi has helped Bohras and Khojas a great
deal. He even went to meet the Syedna on his 100th birthday.
Najma Heptullah
When the Aga Khan came, he came to personally thank me and
perhaps even met Modi. That is when I realized that Muslims will find a respectable
space only in the BJP.
I asked Modi during the 2007 election whether he wanted me to come and campaign for
him. He said, there is no need for you to come to Gujarat. Since you know my attitude,
do what you can from Delhi itself.
Report submitted by the Special Investigative Team (SIT) appointed and closely
monitored by the Supreme Court a to investigate charges against Modi and his
government provides instances of police and army saving Muslims from riotous mobs.
Some even braved hostile mobs but did not allow rescued Muslims to be harmed. ( A
more detailed report will follow later).
Despite lapses and partisan conduct of the police in many places the police and army
saved numerous lives of those who were held hostage by violent mobs. News reports of
the time provided several instances of police officers risking their lives to save trapped
Muslims. Here are few of many instances:

5000 people were saved from Noorani mosque by Ahmedabad Police.

240 persons were saved at Sardarpura in Mehsana district and shifted to safe
places;
450 lives were saved in Pore and Nardipur villages and shifted to safer places.
200 persons were saved in Sanjoli village;
1500 persons were rescued from Fatehpura village in Vadodra district;
3000 people were saved and shifted from Kawant village.

Even from Ehsan Jafris Gulberg Society, 150 people, including his wife Zakia Jafri,
were saved and taken to secure places. In her first FIR, Zakia Jafri admits to having
been rescued by the Police. The charges she levelled against Modi and 63 others came
4 years later that too based on secondary sources like the statements of IPS officer
Sreekumar who has been indicted by the SIT as a dubious person, a liar who fudged
records and therefore an unreliable witness
To continue with Zafar's story:
We took Modis phone number and the matter ended there on that day. After about 2
months, in the month of October, I called Modi sahib in his office from London and
gave my name and number to his office. Within 3 hours I received a phone with Mr
Modi on the line. I couldnt believe it.

17

I had never heard of a chief minister who receives or responds to phone calls from the
ordinary citizens and that too with such speed.
He said, Arre, you took so long to remember me! We met in August, it is now
October. I said I was just testing to see if Modi sahib will actually respond to my call
and talk to me. He said tell me when are you coming back? I replied, Modi sahib there
is a problem. Since I created so much ruckus against you (humne aapki pehle jo band
bajayi thhi), your police must be ready to handcuff me on arrival. If I get locked up you
are not going to come and save me! He repeated: tell me when are you coming? I gave
him the date and he made full arrangements for my safe return when I landed in India
after 4 months in November. He sent somebody to Mumbai to see me through safely.
As soon as he got to know that I have returned, he got his secretary to call me and find
out when I intend to see him. When I went to meet him, he said: Tell me about specific
problems. Muslims dont have to vote for us but should at least get their work done
from the government.
"These are the words of Modi. Why should I praise him needlessly? I dont need
anything for myself from Modi. I mentioned a small problem relating to some Muslim
doctor in Himmat Nagar. He knew by name the man who was at that time the sarpanch
of the area. He had it all on his fingertips. He said there is such and such person, just
tell your doctor friend to go meet Raman bhai. He did as he was told and the person
Modi sent him to, did the required work immediately. Later Raman bhai also told the
doctor: You dont have to vote for us but at least come to us for your work, your
genuine requirements. After all, I am also your elected representative!
I had never before seen a chief minister talk to citizens in this manner. Muslims in
particular were treated with disdain. We are ordinary people. I am not a Tata Birla of
the Muslim community. I was accused that I met Modi and got my own problems of
compensation solved. But God is witness and so is Rajat Sharma that other than the
issue of 2002 riots and how it impacted the Muslims and Modi sahibs conduct as Chief
Minister, no other issue was discussed.
I knew that he is the Chief Minister and treated him with the respect due to a chief
minister, but because Maulana Isa Mansuri is older than Modi sahib, he was quite harsh
with him. He gave him a real piece of his mind along with a big sermon on justice."
Were you the only one who got this open hearted reception? Have other Muslims been
dealt with similarly?
"I can cite numerous such instances but you will find Mahesh Bhatts account very
revealing. He had got a call from Modi within hours of Bhatt having publicly attacked
him in Surat."
Here is an account I heard from Mahesh Bhatt, one of the fiercest critics of Narendra
Modi. This is from a video recorded interview I conducted with Mahesh Bhatt in
Mumbai on January 28. I have made minor editorial changes without compromising the
meaning one bit.

18

In 2004, I had gone with Mehmood Madni sahib to Surat to make an anti Narendra
Modi speech. There were innumerable problems that the people of Gujarat were facing
at that time. There is a Hadith of the Prophet which I had memorized because I loved it.
It says, Mazloom ho to madad kar, zaalim ho to wo bhi madad kar. I asked the Maulana
what it means. He explained that the Prophet says: zaalim bhi bhai hai, zaalim ko uske
zulm se mukt karaana is your farz, your duty. (Even the tyrant is your brother. Helping
a tyrant get rid of his tyranny is also your duty). I said, is this enshrined in the Hadith,
the Prophet said this? He said yes, everyone will help a mazloom, but not a zaalim and
when the zaalim is liberated from his zulm, then that is the real beginning.
I remember speaking from the Jamaat-i- Islami platform and saying, Narendra Modi,
sun raheho? Jis mazhab ko tum aaye din kehte ho ki ye aatankvadiyon ki ek gangotri
hai, uske Rasool ne kya kaha hai. (Narendra Modi, are you listening? The religion that
you describe as the fountainhead of terrorism, its founder has said this!)I recited the
Hadith with passion which also harked back to what I had understood of Gandhi. Little
did I know that what I would say would result in a phone call!
Soon after, a call came to me when I was in Delhi, it said, Mahesh sahib, the Chief
Minister of Gujarat wants to talk to you. I thought it was a prank call because I was
overtly at loggerheads with him, why would he call me? Before I could even recover
from that, he came on the line and started talking in Gujarati with me, Mahesh bhai
kem chho? (Maheshbhai, how are you?)
I said, I understand Gujarati but cannot speak it. My father was Gujarati but I never
spoke Gujarati. So he switched to Hindi and said, Suna hai ki aap humse bahut khafa
hain.( I hear that you are very angry with me)I said, yes, there are many problems. The
atrocities committed on Muslims in Gujarat have not been redressed. They are running
from here to there mourning and crying. I had raised several issues in a rally organized
by Jamiat people. )
He heard me out and said, Mahesh bhai, 5 aaiyye, 50 aaiyye, 500 aaiyye, 5000 aaiyye,
jahan aana hai aaiyye. Main milne ko taiyyar hoon, main aapki saari problems ko solve
karne ke liye taiyyar hoon. Main aapko ye hi kehna chahta hoon ki main available
hoon. (Mahesh bhai, you want to come with 5 Muslims, or 50, or 500 or 5000pick a
venue of your choice. I am ready to meet all of you. I am ready to solve all the
problems you bring to my notice. I want you to know that I am available.
There was a kind of sincerity when the Chief Minister said this, dont ask me why I say
so. The heart listens to a voice and knows that it is a sincere voice, even though it
comes from a person who you have taken on in public. I said, thank you for saying
that. But since I spoke from the platform of Mehboob Madni of Jamait, I will
communicate your message to Mehboob bhai and get back to you.
I immediately called Mehmood Madni and said, Mehmood bhai, Hadith ne apna
kamala kar dikhkaya hai, lagta hai Rasool ki Hadith jaake zaalim kichaati cheer
kenikal gayi hai kyunki zaalim ne phone kiya hai. Modi sahib ka phone aayathha,
unhone kaha thha ki aap logon ko jahan aana hai aaiye, main aapki saari problems ko
solve karne mein interested hoon. (Mehmood bhai, looks like the Hadith has worked its
wonders. It seems Rasools words pierced through the chest of the tyrant and hit his
heart because the Tyrant had phoned me. Modi Sahib called me and said you people
19

can come and meet me whenever, wherever you want, I am ready to solve all your
problems.
Madni said, very well. We will have a meeting of our Governing Body. His father was
alive at that time. So he said I will also talk to my father and get back to you.). The fact
is, he did not get back to me.
Even now when Mehmood bhai and I talk, I say to him, Mehmood bhai, itihas pe jab
main kitaab likhunga to ye to bolna padega ki usne mujhe phone kiya thha, maine aap
se kaha thha, aap ne meeting kari thhi magar aap ne jawab nahi diya. (When I write
my book on the history of this period, I will have to say that Modi had called me, I told
you about his offer, you had your meeting [governing board] but did not get back to
me)
He says, haan maine jawab nahi diya, mere Walid ne kaha ki haan baat karni
chahiye. Mere jo aas paas ke log thhe, unhone kaha ki ye nahi karna. Iss baat par koi
bhi baat karma sahina hi hoga, you will become a pawn of their politics. (Yes, I did
not respond. My father had said yes we should talk. But all those around me said, it
will not be right to take Modis offer. You will become a pawn of their politics.)
Even now if I speak to Mehmood bhai and I ask him why you didnt meet Modi, he will
say the same thing. That was my first interaction with Narendra Modi."
When I asked Mahesh Bhatt, why he himself did not go and meet Modi to tell him
about the grievances of Muslims, he said: No, I did not meet him, because I was not a
part of that organisation. It was a rally of the Jamiyat. I persisted and said: But you
knew about the problems of the Muslims, why only Jamait? You could have gone with
XYZ.
"See I was not aligned to any group. Teestas group was self-sufficiently acting on its
own. I had chosen to speak from that platform because I had met Mehmood bhai during
the Iraq invasion."

Did you not think of telling this to Teesta that Modi is willing to redress grievances,
why dont you talk to him?
"I told Teesta because she and others had got to know about me telling Zafar to go and
meet Modi and there was a whisper that perhaps I was responsible for engineering some
kind of backdoor peace process. There was no backdoor, why should there be one?
There is a problem of a community, he (Zafar) lives in Gujarat, he knows about the
problem, and Modi is the elected representative of his state. He runs from pillar to post,
he doesnt seem to get help from anybody, so what does he do? He has to open a
dialogue process with the government. That was perhaps perceived as some kind of
softening of stand. Softening your stand for what?"

20

If she can go to the Supreme Court, or to the High Court why not meet the elected CM?
Are you saying Teesta never tried to meet Modi?
"I dont know, Im not so close to Teesta to know that and I normally dont ask people
what they do."

When I asked Bhatt why Shabnam Hashmi who he works very closely with had not gone and
met Modi, if the offer was any one can come with the problems of Muslims; his answer was:
I dont think she would ever do that because she is
convinced that all these are ploys. In fact when she got to
know about Shahid Siddiqui bhai interviewing Modi she
thought it was engineered by us. I said that you are
imagining that it was engineered. Nothing like that
happened. It just happened per chance that Shahid bhai asked
for an interview and confronted him with questions."
"Why shouldnt journalists interview Modi? When she has a
list of grievances on behalf of Muslims and you have let it be
known that he is willing to engage, why does she not go with
the list and say, Im giving you a list of grievances of such
and such groups of Muslims, show me that you mean well.
Why does she not ever do that?'"
Shabnam Hashmi

At this point, Asifa Khan of Bharuch, who left Congress

Party to join BJP intervened to say: Shabnam will never
engage with Modi because she is politically associated.

Mahesh Bhatt, defended Shabnam by saying,

I think she has a clear cut ideology. She will never go to BJP. Like, Im not at all close to the
BJP ideology."

Mahesh bhai, we arent talking about ideology; were talking about the Muslim community
and its legitimate grievances. If you and I were angry at 1984 riots, it is not as if we were
fighting Congress ideology. We were angry that that the Congress allowed a massacre in
which Congress party workers joined lumpens and killed innocents. Ideology ko leke kya
chaatenge? (Are we going to lick ideology?) If you kill people, whether you go chanting
bharat mata ki jai or you do lal salaam, killing is killing. The point I want to know is,
since you do work closely with Shabnam, why not take this checklist to Modi? If you allege
discrimination, why not take a checklist saying that these are their grievances, show us that
you mean well and alleviate these? Why would Shabnam not do it?
"I never told her that. However, then next time, I remember going to Gujarat is when the
floods hit the state in the year 2005. I went with the Red Cross Society team to Anand. We
21

were seeking the Muslim pockets to find out whether the Muslims were getting state support
in a natural disaster. I was delighted when Muslim families came to me and said that they had
gotten compensation, in fact they had gotten it earlier. I also met them in Baroda saying the
same thing. In a way it kind of takes the wind out of your sails because you are riding on the
wind of anger, and then you find out that your anger is based on the memory of 2002. Now
there is something else on the ground, the ground says that these guys have been given the
ration and support like anyone else. I remember telling Rajat Sharma, please do tell Mr.
Modi that I have personally gone to the ground. In 2002, I saw a complete break down of law
and order in Ahmedabad, and the Muslims were living in terror. This time, I saw a very
hopeful image of Muslims during a natural disaster, being dealt with compassion and care by
the establishment. I thought that that was an important development. That gave me a view
that you may not have a total revolution there, but some kind of a beginning was being made.
The river was changing its course, if that was any indication
Unfortunately, there are some conflict entrepreneurs who live off conflicts. Like, the war
industries would cease to exist if human hatred evaporated. They have a tremendous
investment in this hatred, so to keep the demon alive is to keep their God alive. They draw
sustenance from this hatred. Those who talk of secular values need to go back and study the
Mahatma because in the pages of Mahatma, there is no concept of the kshatru (enmity).
To continue with Zafars account:
The charge that Modi hates Muslims or that he engineered the riots to win election has been
proved to be bunkum by the enquiries of the highest court. Due to decades of recurrent
politically engineered communal riots during previous regimes, Gujarat police and
administration were also heavily communalized. Most of these riots took place under
Congress regimes which ruled Gujarat almost without a break till 1995. And yet Modi
managed to mobilize all the forces he could to restore normalcy within 3 three days.
"Despite the High Court and Supreme Court exonerating Modi of the charges levelled by
Citizens for Justice and Peace and others regarding his role in the riots as well as relief and
rehabilitation measures, some of these NGOs go on and on attacking Modi for keeping
Muslims in camps under sub-human conditions. People dont know the real picture about
those relief camps. They have only been fed on partisan propaganda. Our team went recently
to the refugee camps in Assam. My brother said: I have not seen Muslims anywhere in India
in such a pitiable condition as in Assams refugee camps. Even today 2.5 lakh Muslims are
still in refugee camps- that too under the Congress regime. He said the conditions are squalid
beyond imagination. My brother had run refugee camps in Gujarat so he could compare.
Gujarat relief camps were far better run and the government was cooperative. This is not to
say that refugee camps can ever be a pleasant or comfortable place to live in. But the
government made arrangements for food, medical care and all the rest better than most
governments in India do. Assams Muslims are in the most pathetic condition but there is no
mention of them anywhere. No one goes to enquire after them. Neither Teesta nor a Shabnam
Hashmi has much time for them. Hundreds of thousands are still in those camps but do you
hear any discussion in the media about those camps? They are already forgotten but these
same people keep ranting about the plight of Muslims in Gujarat relief camps even though
those folded within 4 months because we saw to speedy rehabilitation.
"As far as government support for rehabilitation is concerned, the compensation packages in
any riot are nothing compared to the losses suffered by the people. The Government gave
22

prompt compensation to families who suffered losses. But nowhere in India do riot victims
ever get close to what they lost. You barely get a couple of lakhs in compensation from the
government. Our loss was of Rs 5 crore, so we didnt even go to collect the compensation. 1
or 2 lakh means a lot to the less privileged people, they did get the money. But for someone
like me, collecting Rs 2 lakh is not worth the effort.
The good thing that Muslims did here, and I think this should be a lesson for everyone in the
country, was that they did not wait for anything to come from the government. Organisations
like the Jamiyat-e-Ulema-e Hind, Jamat-e-Islamia, Imarat-e-Sharia, some Muslim NGOs
from Hyderabad, Bihar and several other non-Muslim NGOs worked together to build homes
for riot victims. We got very little help from NRIs. If a man has 1 crore and gives you only
Rs 10 in charity, what will you say? Compared to the financial standing of the people in
England or America, we got very little help. But Muslim organizations and Indian NGOs
both Hindu and Muslim, whichever way they got their funds, constructed or rebuilt a total of
15000 houses."
I checked this with Gujarat government records. Details provided are available at
..Various aspects of the relief and rehabilitation of victims by the Gujarat Government
were agitated against in various forums. All such petitions were rejected by both
the Gujarat High Court and Supreme Court of India with the courts in fact appreciating
the Relief and Rehabilitation steps taken by the Government. The Gujarat High
Court appreciating (and advising the petitioners to appreciate) the steps taken by the
Government in the management of the camps, made the following observations among
others:
it must be said that since the State has already appointed Mr. S.M.F. Bukhari, a retired
I.A.S. Officer, as Chief Coordinator for looking after the relief and rehabilitation facility
at various camps , the Court is of the opinion that the State has also taken care to some
extent in trying to sort out the problem, which is ventilated by the petitioners in this
petition, and the said gesture on the part of the State is required to be appreciated. The
efforts put in by the State Government in this behalf, as indicated above, are required to
be appreciated [Gujarat High Court Order - Special CA No: 3773 of 2002, (3 May
2002)]
The Amicus Curies suggestion in the Supreme Court to constitute a cell to reopen relief and
rehabilitation matters through [Cr. MP 3742 in WP 109/2003] was not accepted by the
Supreme Court. The Supreme Court also disposed of petitions alleging negligence in relief
and rehabilitation along with various other allegations - directing the
petitioners (Mahasweta Devi - [WP (Crl.) No.530/2002] and Mallika Sarabhai - [WP (crl.)
No. 221/2002]) to approach the Guj High Court, where these issues are being monitored.
[Supreme Court of India - WP (Crl.) No.530/2002 & WP (crl.) No. 221 of 2002, (17 Aug
2004)].
I hope to follow up on this issue in the coming months and get first hand accounts of other
people who worked in relief camps.

23

To continue with Zafars account:

These NGOs cant face the truth unlike some of us who work for and with the community;
they have made lucrative commerce out of it. Just like an unethical doctor prays, Allah send
more and more illnesses, these people pray that there should be disasters and people should
be wretched. They are running a business. I sometimes feel I am a fool to run an agency
selling BMWs. If I had opened an NGO, I would have gotten huge amounts of money
pouring in from all over the world and would be getting endless awards, honours and jet
setting around the world at other peoples expense."
Are those Guilty of Gujarat Riots Being Punished?
An oft repeated allegation against Modi is that his government has obstructed fair trails of
those guilty of riots. Teesta Setalvad had taken this matter to the Supreme Court which got
the charge investigated by the SIT. The impression remains the Gujarat Government is
protecting the guilty. Here is Zafars take on it.
"I am very closely following all the cases, its not like were from Norway or Scotland. What
we insiders know about the condition of Muslims here, the outsiders dont know. And Teesta
is an outsider who comes in only to create mischief. They dont have a clue, we are directly
involved. There is absolutely no evidence of Modi trying to obstruct justice and protecting
the guilty. Just see the number of people who have been sent to jail. Has this happened in any
previous riot anywhere in India? In fact, the reason VHP/Bajrang dal and a section of his own
party have turned against Modi is that he is refusing to help them escape justice or prison
terms. Why do you think they made common cause with the Congress party in recent
elections? Why do you think Bajrang Dal leaders joined hands with Tehelka team and try to
put the blame on Modi in that phoney expose in which they boasted of brutal killings as
though they were doing it at Modis behest? That was a strategy to curry favour with the
Congress because for the Congress anyone who can target Modi is a dear friend and ally.
"Whether the matter was before the SIT or the Supreme Court, cases were filed based on the
basis of charge sheets filed by the Investigating Officer. Secondly, the public prosecutor was
also from the State government. Thirdly, over 200 persons have been convicted and 152 have
been awarded life imprisonment. Many more are in the pipeline. An important aspect of
these convictions is that they have been on the basis of the testimony of eye witnesses. Tell
me, do eye witnesses normally live to give their testimony in Indias legal and political
system?
"Read the judgements and you will see that all the convictions have been on the basis of
testimonies of eye witnesses. There were other corroborative evidences but the basic
evidence was that of the eye witnesses. That means the Government must have protected the
eye-witnesses. They came and gave evidence against Babu Bajrangi it is not easy to live in
Naroda Patia and give evidence against people like Babu Bajrangi. Will you not give credit to
the Gujarat Government for this at least?
During 2002, there were nine major incidents of murders and the rest were relatively minor.
More than 90% of these cases are going on in Gujarat courts. In 2003-04, like any other
Muslim I too believed that Muslims cannot get justice in Gujarat, but as matters progressed,
we saw that the courts were convicting the guilty. Now all the cases are going on in Gujarat
except two cases of Bilkis Bano and the Best Bakery case. The rest of the trials are going on
24

in Ahmedabad, Anand and Mehsana in the courts of the judicial magistrates. These are local
magistrates and even the investigating officer in each case was from the local police."
I have not yet looked into details of these trials and convictions. I hope to do so in the coming
months. However, a senior bureaucrat also corroborated Zafars version about Modis
policy of letting the courts do their job without fear or favour even though NGOs keep
accusing him of shielding the guilty. To quote him:
Despite political pressure from the Centre, the courts could not find any evidence against
him. Please check out for yourself a simple fact: most of those sent to jail were indicted by
courts on the basis of complaints filed by the Gujarat Police. These include a minister in
Modi government and other BJP leaders. The SIT investigations added very few new names
to the list of those already booked by the Gujarat government. The 3 day riots in Gujarat 2002
have been dealt with in the most bizarre manner by the Central Government and the Supreme
Court. Law & Order is a state subject. All previous and subsequent riots and massacres in
India have been dealt with by the state government. This is the one and only riot in which the
Supreme Court has taken over full charge of investigations and thus encroached on the
functions of the state government. Teesta knows very well that there is not a shred of
evidence against Modi but all she and the Congress party want is to somehow have some
strictures passed against Modi by the courts through means fair or foul. But despite a
Supreme Court Bench that gave Modi a very tough time, they have not succeeded in getting
Modi implicated or playing a collusive role in even one single incident during the riots. This
is because Modi did his damned best to control the riots with all the means available to him.
This at a time when he was new to his role as CM. He neither had a grip over his Party nor
over the administrative machinery.
Mr Raghavan along with two other members of SIT was appointed by the Supreme Court.
However, the state government has to pay for all the expenses of the SIT. When Teesta found
that she could not get Raghavan to implicate Modi in false cases, she attacked Raghavan and
filed the most banal complaint against him. He is known to be an exceptionally upright
officer. Look at the absurd low level charge she made against Raghavan. After retirement
Raghavan is based in Chennai. So he travels to Gujarat or Delhi from Chennai. On one
occasion, he was in England for some lectures when the Supreme Court called him for some
urgent work. Even though he is entitled to business class travel, he bought an economy class
ticket in order to avoid the heavy expenditure involved in buying business class ticket from
London. Had he travelled from Chennai on business class ticket, it would have cost the
government Rs 72000 for return ticket. But he bought a London-Delhi return ticket for Rs
40,000. Teesta filed a complaint against him on the absurd charge of buying a London-Delhi
ticket when he is entitled only to Chennai-Delhi ticket. But if the court summons him when
he is lecturing in London, is he supposed to fly at his own cost?
SIT was to investigate nine cases of riots. Out of nine, four cases are awaiting judgement.
None of those against whom additional charge sheets were filed by the SIT have yet been
convicted. But most of charge sheets filed by the Gujarat government have led to convictions.
What does that tell you about Modi administration? One thing very exceptional about Modi is
that he keeps political party work and administration absolutely separate. He does not let his
own party men take undue advantage of BJP being in power. If Modi had been involved in
the riots, he would not have distanced himself from Zadaphia who was the Minister of State
for Home at the time of riots. But have you ever heard Teesta and Co target Zadaphia who as
minister in charge of home was directly responsible? Similarly, Ashok Narayan, the
25

Additional Chief Secretary of Home Department was bypassed by Modi for the chief
secretarys post despite his seniority because it was felt that despite his best efforts the Home
Department was unable to do a competent job of controlling riots. By all accounts, Ashok
Narayan is a good human being but could not prove his competence in meeting the challenge
of those gory days. So even though Modi gave him chief secretarys rank in deference to his
seniority and sincerity, but did not give him the crucial portfolio of chief secretary of the
state. Modi would have protected these guys had he any role in the riots. The truth is that
Teesta only played dilatory tactics by bringing in the Supreme Court whose enquiries halted
the cases being heard in the Gujarat courts because she kept getting stay orders. The ease
with which she can get stay orders from the Supreme Court on absolutely flimsy grounds is
truly amazing.
Exactly, similar sentiments were expressed by Rais Khan Pathan, an erstwhile colleague of
Teesta Setalvad that she acts as though she knows in advance what orders she will get from
the Supreme Court. Conversations with two other senior bureaucrats confirmed that many of
Modis political problems, including within his own party stem from the fact that he is not
willing to shield any wrong doer. Earlier the Congress and BJP used to be in riots together
and so they dutifully protected each other. Modi has severed the umbilical chord that
connected anti-social elements within both the BJP and the Congress. To continue with
Zafars account:
"An important aspect of this riot was that it was not as simple as BJP vs. Muslims or just
VHP vs. Muslims. Lot of Congress workers were equally involved. I personally know of so
many Congress people who took an active part in the riots. Even outside Ehsan Jafris house
there were a lot of Congressmen in the murderous mob. Some of them have been found guilty
of murders in Gulberg society.
Some Congressmen who were involved in the riots have also been convicted. The most
famous one here is Himmat Singh Patel who was the Mayor, the one who built a road over
the mazar of Wali Dakkani and was responsible for Jafris murder. It is a travesty of justice
that he has escaped punishment. Teesta will never name him!"
Rais Khan Pathan, who was the main ground level person Teesta
Setalvad used till 2007 to collect all the information about the riots
and mobilize victims told me in a video recorded interview that he
had given numerous photographs to Teesta Setalvad of rioting mobs
during that period. He says, they clearly showed faces of known
party workers and leaders of the Congress Party along with VHP/
Bajrang Dal and BJP cadres. He also alleges that Teesta never
mentions or show pictures of Muslim mobs attacking Hindu homes
Rais Khan Pathan
and business establishments. He claims that when he began pointing
out to Teesta and Co that they were presenting one sided picture of the riots, that they
studiously avoided talking of attacks on Hindus, the losses they suffered, the thousands that
were rendered homeless and sought shelter in relief camps, she let lose a propaganda
campaign that he had been bought over by the VHP and finally threw him out of the
organization without as much as giving him notice or chance to explain himself. He alleges
that Teesta has never released those pictures which implicate Congressmen. Those particular
photographs have simply disappeared. She has refused to give him copies of pictures he sent
her from ground zero. Rais Khan also told me that Teesta got false affidavits signed on behalf
of riot victims. That is why many of them have openly distanced themselves from her.
26

According to Rais Khan only those Muslims who are on Teestas payroll are still standing by
her. She gives them monthly doles to remain as show pieces of Gujarat riots and give tutored
testimonies. He says till 2007, he as the ground level worker of CJP was in charge
of distributing cash to such familiesall of which was part of hawala money Teesta got from
various Muslim countriesbulk of which she kept for herself.
I have not confirmed the veracity of Rais Khans charges. Only one
thing is certain that they have fallen foul and therefore gunning for
each other. Rais Khan is currently fighting court cases against Teesta
Setalvad and says he has submitted a great deal of evidence before
the judges. He said repeatedly that he could not reveal more since the
case is sub-judice and he is afraid of CJP getting him into more
trouble. He has already spent some days in jail for an offence he
committed at Teestas behest. She had asked him to exhume bodies of
riot victims which had been buried quietly by mobsters without
informing the victims families. He exhumed the bodies without
informing the government amidst press and TV cameras sent by
Teesta Setalvad
Setalvad. This amounted to tampering with evidence since the police
was not brought in. He alleges that when it came to defending him, Teesta backed off and
would not even organize bail for him. He had difficulty coming out on bail. He repeatedly
expressed fear for his life from Teesta saying she has very long arms and can get him
eliminated any time.
To continue with Zafars account:
"Ill tell you one more thing about the role of the Congress. In Ahmedabad there was a very
famous mausoleum of Wali Dakhani, who was a very renowned poet of the 18th Century. His
mausoleum was just near Subhash Bridge. The mausoleum was desecrated by the rioters
along with a mosque in Paldi. At that time, Ahmedabad Municipal Corporation was
controlled by the Congress with Himmat Singh Patel of Congress as the Mayor. Overnight,
Ahmedabad Municipal Corporation (AMC) completely demolished the mausoleum and built
a road on it. The AMC completely erased all traces of the mazaar while the rioters had
merely vandalized it. These guys raise such a hue and cry over Babri Masjid. Wali Dakhanis
mazaar was no less important. Babri Masjid was in shambles and they tried building a
temple over it. But here they ran bulldozers over a popular mazaar as well as over the nearby
mosque and built a road on top of both.
Muslim delegations went to Mayor Himmat Singh Patel and told him: The riotous mobs
only caused some damage. Why did you bulldoze those two sacred structures? How on earth
can you do that? What is the difference between you and the VHP? It would appear as if you
are working in unison with them. He replied You are free to interpret it that way. He had
the cheek to say that to us. Just see the defiance of the Congress!
People asked for permission to restore it. His answer was: I dont want to talk about this. One
of our members said: Then what is the difference between you and VHP? He said, You
can interpret it any way you like. He had the cheek to tell us that. And Patel is the blue eyed
boy of Sonia Gandhi. In 2007, whenever Madam Sonia came to Gujarat, Himmat Singh Patel
used to be there all around her. For us he was our maut ka saudagar(merchant of
death). Muslims were enraged to see that Himmat Singh Patel was with Sonia Gandhi all the
time.
27

The Congress knows it was complicit in riots. This is the reason Congress does not want to
mention 2002. Even now when there were debates on TV channels, Congress did not get
even one Muslim to represent them while BJP had four to five Muslims from Gujarat to
represent them. It seems the Congress party felt that if they showed Muslims they would lose
votes since they were banking on VHP/RSS types to help them fight elections. The behaviour
of Congress party was worse than the A team of VHP. They hated the M word.
When Muslims took similar complaints to Narendra Modi, the response was altogether
different. He redressed each of our grievances with speed. Let me provide you yet another
example of the difference between Modi and Congress leaders.
When SEBI (Securities and Exchange Board of India) started troubling me a lot, Mahesh
Bhatt suggested that I contact Salman Khurshid as he was not only the Minister for Minority
Affairs but also a lawyer at the Supreme Court. I told Mahesh Bhatt that I did not want any
personal favours. I just wanted to show him my papers. The Government has made the
Ministry just so that if any member of the minority community has any problem, then the first
stop should be the Minister for Minority Affairs. I told Mahesh Bhatt that only if after seeing
my papers Khurshid feels that injustice had been done to me, should he intervene. I want no
special favour. Mahesh Bhatt got an appointment for me and Khurshid told me to come to
Delhi on such and such date.
It was sometime in 2009. I do not remember the exact date. So we went all the way to Delhi
from Mumbai. I went to his office and waited for hours to meet him but and he did not even
give me 15 seconds to state my case. All he said was that since the matter issue to SEBI and
the Finance Ministry, he could not do anything in the matter. I told him that I did not want
any favours but as the Minister he should at least listen to my problem. He refused to even
listen to me. Madhuji, whether your work is done or not is a different issue at least you
deserve to be heard. On the other hand we have Modi sahib you call at his office and you
will receive a call within a couple of hours. It has not failed for 10 years. This is true not just
for me but for anyone they will ask for your name and number. They have a standard
procedure for appointments.
After that encounter with Khurshid I was left wondering what is our standing in this country
when I a person of some stature and get treated like this imagine the fate of an ordinary
Muslim! We know what we want shut down the Ministry for Minority Affairs, just give us
our constitutional rights as ordinary citizens. The problem is that you do not give me my right
as an ordinary citizen and then you create the Ministry of Minority Affairs and give us a 15
point program which you have no intention to implement. Just give me my basic rights as is
happening with Muslims in Gujarat.
SEBI spells doom for small companies. They make such allegations against you that you are
made out to be a criminal. They harassed me a lot, levelled many false charges against me,
gave me no hearing and they had the judgement already written. Dont take my word for it;
there are hundreds of others like me. I ask you, Is Modi asking SEBI to harass Muslims?
Anyways, coming back to the contrast between how Modi responds to grievances as
compared to the high and mighty in the Congress Party, even while we were assisting in the
rehabilitation work and legal cases of Muslims, we decided that all this has its own place, the
justice system will do its own work, but our main job is to make our community stand on its
feet. For that we need education above all else. We have to launch a jehad for education and
28

you wont believe it things changed rapidly as a result. Till 2001-02, there were only 3
Muslim schools in this city. Today, Ahmedabad alone has 17 schools for Muslims. There are
Muslim colleges as well. There is FD College in Jamalpur, where more than 1000 girls are
studying. My own family, my sister-in-law and my sister, run a school in a poor
neighbourhood of Shahpur, where more than 650 girls get education. We want this work to
get prioritynot simply go on some television channel and abuse Modi and become secular
heroes. For Gods sake we dont want such secularists. If you want to do something, come
and do it on the ground."
Since the license raj still thrives with regard to setting up private schools and the Right to
Education Act has declared a virtual war against small private schools, what is the
governments attitude towards all these initiatives of the Muslim community?
"The licence raj is terrible for schools anywhere in India. But now opening schools in Muslim
area has started happening with ease. Till some years ago there was an unwritten law that no
permission would be given for opening Muslim schools. Therefore, no Muslim even thought
of it. What was the point when you knew no matter how hard you tried no permission would
be forthcoming? Now things are different you get a lot of encouragement from the
Government if you want to do anything in the sphere of education or irrigation.
We told Mr Modi, we only need two things from you: we need logistical support from you
and that the administration should not put a spoke in our wheel. And Modi has been true to
that. Schools etc came into focus in these schemes. I remember there were only 2 schools for
Muslims in 2001 now there are 17 of them. You need the logistical support of the
Government, approvals are needed. You just cannot start a school wherever you want. The
administration is today very responsive towards the educational initiatives of the Muslim
community.
I can give you several examples. For instance, there is a school in Bapu Nagar, which is in
the heart of a Muslim area. There was a Nutan School there, run by a Hindu trust. But when
the number of Muslims increased, they sold it to a Muslim management. There are 1400
Muslims girls studying in the morning shift, and 1400 boys in the afternoon shift. One night,
suddenly on a Sunday, at 10.30 p.m, I received a phone call from one of the gentlemen who
runs the school. He said Zafar miyan, there is a big problem.Our school building is going to
be demolished. The police are already here and they plan to demolish it at 10.30 in the
morning. I said what can I do? He said, no one except Modi can save our school. I replied in
jest: There is only Modi for you now, As though Allah miyan has vanished. As if Modi is
God! It is now 10.30 p.m. How can I call Modi at such a late hour? He insisted that I phone
him right then.
This happened in 2007. You wont believe it, at 10.45 in the night, I called Modi at his
home. His secretary told me sahib has gone out. I told him; please get Modi sahib to phone
me before 7 a.m tomorrow morning. Next morning, at 6:59 a.m. Modi called me and said,
How come you wanted to talk to me early morning? I told him, Sir there is a Muslim school
in Bapu Nagar I dont know whether its building is illegal or legal. All I know is that the
municipality is about to demolish it. But you have to save it. Thats it. He said, You people
put me in a tight spot. It is an illegal structure and there is a High Court order that you have to
demolish all illegal structures. I said whatever it is, this matter relates to a school. Modi
responded with a laugh saying: if the school gets demolished. The museebat (headache) of
dealing with those 2800 children will after all also come on my head! So I better do
29

something Sure enough, Modi stopped demolition that day. Later on, his officers advised us
how to get the school legalised. But that could happen only he did not let the school be
harmed that day.
Another incident: In 2005, there was a warrant against 3 prominent Muslim scholars in
connection with Godhra murders. A warrant had actually been pasted on their houses. Those
people came to me and said, we have a prominent Muslim leader in Delhi, we should phone
him. I told them even if you phone him; he is not the one ruling here. You will ultimately
have to talk to Modi. They said, No we will talk to our Ahmed bhai. They called on 4
different phone numbers but could not get through to him. So they left their phone number at
his office, saying, We are sure he will call us back by tonight. I said OK, fine. The next day
they called me and said, He did not return our call. That is when I offered to call Modis
office. I told them I will leave a message and am likely to get a return call in 2-3 hours. You
better provide me the details of those cases so I dont need to fire this bullet again
Per chance, his office told me Modi sahib is right here. And he came on the line right away. I
told him about the 3 scholars and said I can vouch for them as well as I can about my own
father. They are highly respected. Why are they being harassed? At least send the right
message down the line. Modi said, Give me their names. It felt like he wrote down the
names himself as I told them. As this conversation was going on, one of the maulanas passed
me a note saying such and such maulanas passport has been confiscated. So I told Modi, sir
there is this passport case also. He said, Tell this person that when he has to go abroad, it is
my assurance that we will give him a passport.
Within 8 hours of this phone call, the Deputy Commissioner went and removed those
summons that had been pasted on the houses and officially withdrew them. Likewise there
were cases of Muslims in jail charged with Section 268. They had not been out for 10 years.
We went to Modi and he allowed 5 such boys out on humanitarian grounds.
Let me give you another instance of the difference between the functioning of self styled
secular politicians and that of Modi. About 6 months ago when Mahesh Bhatts film Jism
2 was to be released, it faced trouble in Maharashtra and Gujarat with party workers of
Nationalist Congress Party (NCP) an alliance partner of the Congress Party threatening to
attack any theatre that dared release that film. They tore up film posters and defaced films
publicity hoardings saying they will not allow such a vulgar film. But the film had been
cleared by the National Censor Board. But the NCP moral police was adamant. So
Mahesh Bhatt called the senior most leader of NCP, Sharad Pawar himself and said the
cadres of your secular party in Gujarat are threatening harm to cinema halls that screen my
film. Do you want me to seek protection from Narendra Modi even though I am his political
adversary?
I was present when that conversation took place. Sharad Pawar said, dont worry nothing of
the sort will happen. But two days later I got a call from Mahesh Bhatt that threats from the
NCP workers have actually increased. I told Bhatt Sahib that I will talk to Modi on his
behalf. Even though Bhatt remained a sworn enemy of Modi, I approached Modi. His
response was clear and forthright. No question of government allowing anyone to create
disturbance on this issue. Rule of law will prevail. Since the Censor Board has cleared the
film, nobody has the right to obstruct its screening through lawless acts. He told me to
communicate to Bhatt Sahib to sleep peacefully because the Government will not tolerate
hoodlum action.
30

Within 15 minutes of this conversation, Bhatt sahib phoned me and said, the Police
Commissioner of Baroda, the city in which NCP workers were most aggressive, called and
assured me that the government is committed to taking strict action against any disruptive
activity. Bhatt sahib said when I told the police commissioner that the theatre owners are
petrified and therefore unwilling to screen the film; the Police Commissioner personally went
and met the owners to assure them that they had no cause to worry. And indeed the film saw
a peaceful release. Bhatt sahib told me: Yaar, I have never seen any other politician or chief
minister act with such alacrity and determination anywhere else in India.! He openly praised
Modis conduct in the Film Federation meeting saying on does not see any other state of
India demonstrate such strong commitment to rule of law.
You can ask Mahesh Bhatt about it. He will admit that this is what happened. I asked Modi
sahib as to why he did not allow such things to come on TV. His reply was that
earlier Fanaa could not be released; then Parzania could not be released due to threats by
VHP/ Bajrang Dal etc. They had created a lot of trouble for him. So, he had decided that rule
of law would prevail henceforth, no matter what the political cost."

31

Actions Taken by Narendra Modi to Control the

Riots following Godhra Train Massacre

58 train passengers, including women and little children, were charred to death on
27th February 2002 when their compartments were set on fire just as the train moved
out of Godhra railway station.
The first incidents of retaliatory mob violence were reported on February 28. They
continued in full intensity on 1st and 2nd March. By 3rd March situation was under
control. After that small incidents were engineered in a few pockets but they were put
down firmly.
I will deal with the how and why of those incidents in another article. For the moment, I
am presenting a very brief overview of the actions taken by Narendra Modi to control
the riots.
Normally, record of actions claimed to have been taken by governments during riots is
not trustworthy because no proper inquiries are held to authenticate those claims. In the
case of Gujarat, the record of actions can be taken seriously for the following reasons:

Inquiry Commissions and SIT investigations have been conducted under full
glare of a media which cannot be accused of being friendly towards Modi
government. Moreover, SIT investigations were monitored by the Supreme
Court.

State government cannot fudge facts about the deployment of army and paramilitary forces because of elaborate protocols involved in the movement of
troops.

The number of bullets fired, pattern of arrestshow many Hindus and how
many Muslims held under preventive detention lawscant be fudged when
high level inquiries by central agencies are going on.

If these facts had proven to be wrong, Narendra Modi could not have escaped
indictment by the Supreme Court monitored Special investigative Team or the
Commission of Inquiry headed by Justice Nanavati in 2005 or the High Court of
Gujarat.

32

The following fact sheet provides only a brief glimpse of actions taken to quell riots. I
will be posting a more detailed fact sheet soon.

On 27/02/2002:

CM reaches Godhra at about 4.30 p.m. and goes to inspect the rail bogies which
had been set on fire and issues the following official statements:

The government has taken a serious note of this.This government will

not allow anyone involved to go scot-free and is taking fool-proof
stepsThis is mass violence. This government is always trying to bring
about communal harmony and is in favour of preventing any communal
flare-up.This inhuman terrorist crime of collective /mass violence is
not an incident of communal violence. (Translated from Gujarati,
source: CM Press release).
The Government will not be lacking in discharging duty...No efforts will
be spared in ensuring law and order. (Source: CM Press release,
Godhra). In the press meet on 27th itself, the Chief Minister said that
though the Godhra incident is shocking and sad, people should not take
law into their hands and government will ensure law and order by taking
necessary steps.

Imposition of curfew in Godhra and other potential trouble spots from the day
of Godhra massacre;

First alert message of 27.02.2002 from the Home Department covered the need
to take precautionary measures including adequate police bandobast and
preventive measures including instructions to impose prohibitory orders in
disturbed areas.

All the Police Commissioners, District Magistrates and Superintendents of

Police directed to remain in the headquarters and monitor the situation.

In order to cope with the emerging law and order situation during the Gujarat
Bandh call given by BJP, VHP and others to protest the massacre at Godhra
railway station, request was made to the Government of India to provide 10
companies of Central Para Military Forces in addition to 4 companies of Rapid
Action Force.

Large scale preventive arrests of Hindus and Muslims starting February 27, the
day of Godhra incident. On the day of Godhra massacre, 217 preventive arrests
made, out of which 137 were Hindus and 80 were Muslims. This despite the fact
that several BJP leaders, including some who were part of Modis own Cabinet,
were actively fomenting trouble;

33

The entire police force of 6000 is deployed in sensitive areas of Gujarat on the
very first day.

62 Companies of State Reserve Police Force and Central Para Military Forces
companies deployed on February; Out of 62, 58 were of SRPF and 4 were of
CPMF.

After his return from Godhra, Chief Minister calls a late night meeting of senior
officials at his residence at 11 p.m to review the law and order situation and
assess the preparedness of the government in dealing with it. Modi asks his
officials to explore the possibility of army deployment.
Enquiries made with the local army revealed that no force was available for
deployment, as all the units were deployed on the Gujarat border with Pakistan
where a war like situation existed following the Pak inspired terror attack on the
Indian parliament in December 2001. At such a point, the Centre alone could take
decision regarding Army deployment.

On 28/02/2002

Gujarat Government requests neighbouring states of Maharashtra, Madhya

Pradesh and Rajasthan to send additional police force. Digvijay Singh as CM of
Madhya Pradesh and Ashok Gehlot as CM of Rajasthan decline the request
saying they have no forces to spare. Maharashtra CM, Vilasrao Deshmukh sent
some police force which was returned to them as soon as the situation came
under control.

Modi makes a telephonic request to the then Home Minister, L.K Advani for
deployment of the Army.

As a follow up, Gujarat government sends a fax to the Secretary Ministry of

Defence at 2.30 p.m. seeking deployment of the Army.

Due to tense situation at the Border and the on-going Operation Prakram, the
Army cannot be withdrawn from the Indo- Pak border of Gujarat. Therefore,
army units have to be airlifted from other states.

CM issued instructions to provide safe escort to the 6000 Haj Pilgrims returning
to the State. This was followed by further measures in later days. All the 6000
Haj pilgrims from 400 different towns and villages of Gujarat reached their
homes safely under police escort on 20.03.2002.

Message from Home Department to all the concerned officers to round up anti
social elements and known communal elements under preventive laws.

George Fernandes, the then Defence Minister, arrives in Gandhi Nagar and
meets the CM at 10.30 p.m.

34

The first aircraft carrying army personnel lands at Ahmedabad by midnight of

28th February.

13 Columns of Army deployed to assist the State Civil administration.

Statements by Narendra Modi on 28.02.2002:

The following was broadcast across Gujarat on Doordarshan at 7 pm and repeatedly
broadcasted thereafter:

I share the grief of the people of Gujarat but the solution does not lie in nonpeace, non-restraint or venting out of anger.

I pray with folded hands that this is the time for maintaining peace; the need is
to control the nerves.

This is the time for maintaining peace. It is necessary to maintain self-control.

We are determined to punish those who are guilty and they will not be spared.

He also requested the people of Gujarat to help Gujarat by maintaining peace.

Will you not help to save Gujarat? Come and help Government. Government is
requesting for help. Government is seeking your help to punish the guilty
through law.

He also added that it was the collective responsibility of all to ensure that the
innocent are not affected: Amidst your anger I pray you to display the unique
characteristic of Gujarat-of showing restraint and maintaining peace during
adversities. Come, let us serve Gujarat through peace and self-control,and let
us strengthen the arms of law

The entire country shares our grief but the responsibility to maintain peace and
restraint is ours. I understand your anger, your pain but in the interest of
Gujarat, to see that its future doesnt get ruined, to ensure that Gujarat doesnt
get a blot on its face, it is necessary that five crore Gujarati keep calm and
exercise self-restraint

It is our responsibility that the lives of innocent are not put at stakeVer verthi
shamtu nathi (Hatred is never won over by hatred. My fervent appeal to the
people of the state is that the time has come to strengthen the hands of law and
maintain peace. I pray to the people that they will help in bringing those
involved in violence to book.(Ahmedabad / dt.28/2/2002)

35

On 1/03/2002

Chief Secretary issued orders to use force including Shoot- at- Sight on 1stMarch,
that is, within a day after the riots broke out on 28th February.

Army deployed on the ground within 20 hours of the start of violence despite troops
having to be airlifted.

The Defence Minister personally supervised

army which commenced on the morning of 1st.

The deployment was facilitated on a war footing by the government. The District
Magistrate Ahmedabad provided 6 buses, 9 trucks and 15 jeeps for use by the army by
2:30 a.m. By 3 p.m. 26 red flags were also provided for the army. During the day 39
other vehicles were also provided to the army personnel.

18 mobile phones were provided to the army on 1st March itself to facilitate better
communication. Liaison officers and escort officers from the police were also
provided to the army by the morning of 1st March

By 11 a.m. the Army reached some of the affected areas in the city i.e Paldi,
Juhapura, Vejalpur, Shahpur, Bapunagar,Rakhial, Gomtipur, Meghaninagar, Draiapur,
Kalupur, Naroda and Dania Limba. In Ahmedabad total of 9 columns of Army were
deployed on 1.03.2002

A total of 131 vehicles were provided to the army for their movement.

In addition 7 Executive magistrates were provided to the army by 7:30 a.m followed
by three more. A total of 32 Executive magistrates were provided to the army because
the army cannot shoot without a magistrates orders.

the

deployment

of

the

Statements by Narendra Modi on 1.03.2002:

Orders for shoot-at-sight have been issued to deal strictly with the people involved
in violence.

Gujarats peace and tranquillity will not be allowed to be disturbed by anti-social

elements intent on exploiting the peoples anger.

Restoring peace is our topmost priority. We will act strongly against those
disturbing the peace.( CM Press release)

Verify before printing/broadcasting do not spread false news.( Source:CM Press

release)

Kriya pratikriya ki chain chal rahi hai. Hum chhahate hain ki na kriya ho aur na
pratikriya (A chain of action-reaction has set in. We wish to see an end to both
action and reaction) Zee TV Interview with Sudhir Chowdhary , Gandhinagar. SIT
Investigation established that Zee TV deleted the last line to give the impression that
Modi was justifying reaction by way of mob violence to avenge the killings of
Godhra. (More detailed report on this later)
36

Do not mention names of communities as per established press ethics and practices
to stop the spreading of violence. ( CM Press release)

Do not show visuals of the dead people to avoid emotional flare ups leading to
violence ( Source: CM Press release)

Appeal for peace ( Source: CM Press release)

There will no compromise in law and order situation. Gujarats peace and
tranquillity will not be allowed to be disturbed by anti-social elements intent on
exploiting the peoples anger/feelings. (Source: CM Press release)

On 2.03.2002

14 aircrafts airlifted to Rajkot and the first plane landed in Rajkot by 0300 hours on
02-03-2002.Later on 2 columns of the Army were dispatched to Godhra on 02-032002 and they reached Godhra at 1.30 p.m on the same day.

Two columns of the Army were moved to Baroda on 01-03-2002 at 1830

hours.

Two columns of Army were moved to Rajkot on 02-03-2002 at 1100 hours.

A total of 573 preventive arrests were made out of which 477 were Hindus and 96
Muslims. 16 persons were killed in police firing, out of which 12 were Hindus and 4
Muslims. 482 Hindus and 229 Muslims were arrested for offence.

Total SRPF and CPMF deployed in the state on 2.03.2002 was 88-1-2, out of which
64-1-2 were SRPF and 24-0-0 were CPMF.

Statements by Narendra Modi on 2.03.2002:

I appeal to people to cooperate with the security staff in order to maintain law and
order and in the performance of their duties. ( Source: Sandesh/Gujarat Samachar)

nterest of Gujarat lies in peace and not in communal tension or disturbances. (

Source: CM Press release)

State Government is committed to pacify the wide spread anger amongst the people
and restore law and order with strong political will.( CM Press release)

Government cannot shy away from its moral duty of maintaining law and order in the
state.(Sandesh/ Gujarat Samachar)

No one will be allowed to take law into their own hands and strict directives have
been given to deal very firmly with all those provoking the people and all such
elements trying to disturb the atmosphere. ( CM Press release)

37

On 3.02.2002

Army columns were moved to Surat on 03-03-2002 at 11 a.m. and to Bhavnagar on

03-03-2002 at 10.35 p.m. hours in the wake of incidents of violence reported from
Bhavnagar and Surat. At the peak of deployment there were 26 army columns in the
state.

Total number of preventive arrests on 3.02.2002 was 280 Hindus and 83 Muslims.
416 Hindus and 173 Muslims were arrested for offences. 10 Hindus were killed in
police firing.

Statements by Narendra Modi on 3.02.2002:

Government cannot shy away from its moral duty of maintaining law and order in
the stateall sections of the society too have a role to play in restoring peace
quickly I appeal to people to cooperate with the security staff in order to maintain
law and order and in performance of their duties

In Gujarat Samachar dated 3.03.2002 the Chief Minister appealed- After the
earthquake of last year and riots now we do not wish to see the future of lakhs of
students of the state turning into despair...March is the month of examinations and
therefore, I appeal to parents, guardians and educationists to help restore peace
quickly and keep the atmosphere stress-free so that all examinations are finished in
time

March is the month of examinations and therefore, I appeal to parents, guardians and
educationists to help restore peace quickly and keep the atmosphere stress-free so
that all examinations are finished in time. ( Source: Gujarat Samachar)

On 4.03.2002

65 SRPF and 29 CPMF companies were deployed in the state during that day. Out of
285 preventive arrests 241 were of Hindus and 44 of Muslims. 301 Hindus and 75
Muslims were arrested for offences, while 4 Hindus died in police firing.

1. During the riots, police fired 103,559 rounds of bullets. More than half fired in
the first 72 hours;
2. Through the period of disturbances, in all 66,268 Hindus and 10,861 Muslims
were taken into custody under preventive detention laws.
The above provides a brief over view of the actions taken by Modi during the first 3 days of
riots.
All these facts, statements can be confirmed from newspapers of those days. I will gladly
correct myself if provided with more reliable counterfacts.
A more detailed account will follow next week listing actions taken by the Gujarat
government till mid April 2002 to put down smaller incidents and restore normalcy in the
State.

38

3
Economic Profile of Muslims in Gujarat: Some
Key Indicators

One of the oft repeated charges against Modi's government is that Muslims are being
economically marginalized in Gujarat. It is believed that the political atmosphere and
government policy is so hostile to Muslims that they are being crushed
economically. Zafar Sareshwala is first and foremost a businessman and part of a
versatile entrepreneurial community. Therefore, he has a keen eye for this issue. This is
what he had to say:
If you take the latest figures, the economic position Muslims have now, they never had
that before. It is much better than ever before. Here are some revealing indicators.
Zakat is the easiest indicator to judge a Muslims wealth profile because you pay zakat
on your wealth. zakat is what you pay to the needy. It is essentially used for helping
meet some poor mans basic needs. Suppose this year I paid Rs 2500 zakat, you can
immediately extrapolate that I am worth Rs 100,000. Next year if I pay Rs 5000 zakat,
it means my wealth has increased from one lakh to two lakhs. Zakat has been
continuously increasing in Gujarat year after year. In fact, you will find that 50% of the
zakat of madarasas across the country comes from Gujarat and 50% from the rest of
India. If Modi had destroyed Muslims, their share of zakat should have fallen. But in
the last 10 years, the wealth of Muslims has increased.
I give other important indicator, that of BMW sales figures: We sell BMW cars. The
cheapest BMW is for Rs 30 lakhs; the highest goes up to 1.5 crores. When we started
the BMW dealership, we never thought that we could sell more than 2 to 5 of these cars
to Muslims. Last year, in 2011, we sold 11% of our BMWs to Muslims. The population
of Muslims in Gujarat is 9%. This year again, we maintained that sales figure; we sold
about 59 BMWs to Muslims. How on earth did this wealth come to them? Forget about
Juhapura, you go to any Muslim dominated area in Ahmedabad or Bharuch, there is
massive construction activity going on there. You say they are marginalised, ghettoized,
but to build a house even in a ghettoized area, you need money.
Land prices have risen tremendously in Muslim areas. In a good society, you cannot
find land for less than Rs 50,000 per square yard; it is more than in any Hindu area.
Paldi, where we live, theres no bungalow for less than 5 crores.
Muslims are buying these bungalows, where has all this money come from?
39

It is alleged that only wealthy Muslims are pro Modi. Think of it this way, 250 people
earn their living from my business, out of which 230 are Muslims. Similarly people say
Modi has given great benefits to Tatas. But 10,000 people are directly employed by
Tatas, apart from indirect employment created due to Tata plant. Do you think Tata
employs only Hindus? This Vibrant Gujarat Summit of Modi brings in fresh
investments into Gujarat. I think more than half of Gujarat households will benefit from
these new investments.
Equal opportunities are given only by an honest government. Modi has a simple policy
with regard to business and industries, everything revolves around that policy. Whether
you are black, white, Hindu, Muslim, whatever, there are only two important things: the
amount you invest and the number of jobs you generate. His putting in place a clear-cut
single window clearance policy for investments and enterprises has helped the small
entrepreneur far more than the big corporates. The latter manage to twist decisions in
their favour with ease through bribery and political influence with corrupt regimes. But
the small businessman suffers. That is why in most parts of India the SMEs are in crisis
and collapsing. In Gujarat they are growing and flourishing. Ambanis Reliance
Industries flourished even during full blown license-quota raj, so did Tatas because they
operate on a gigantic scale and can survive bureaucratic crackdowns. But rule of law
and a transparent policy which gives a level playing field to all, benefits the small and
micro enterprises most of all.
It is well known that most Muslim businessmen are concentrated in small, medium and
micro enterprises. While their share in the overall population is 9%, their share in SMEs
is proportionately far larger at about 22%. Today Muslims in Gujarat dont face any
hassles or discrimination in getting government clearances when they want to set up
enterprises in Gujarat. Otherwise Muslims could not have prospered as they have. Modi
has a simple formula. All are equal before law. Take your rights as citizens. Dont ask
for this or that because you are Hindu or Muslim, or on the basis of caste or community.
This reminded me of the time Mehbooba Mufti made a statement in the National
Security Council that Muslims from even other states were finding Gujarat very
investment friendly. She narrated the example of a Hyderabadi Muslim having come
back very elated after exploring business potential in Gujarat. But like Maulana Madni,
she hastily disowned the statement when she found it splashed in news papers because
of fear of being attacked by the Congress and other secular parties. To continue
with Zafars account:
The growth rate of small and medium enterprises in Gujarat has been over 75% in the
last decade. I will explain to you the reason for this. Small and medium enterprises
develop around big industry. For example, when Tata brought in his Nano car plant, it
created space for a lot of ancillary industries that supply parts to Tatas. A car company
is basically an assembly unit. They get brake pads from one source, the wipers from
another. They need hundreds of such components.
The Gujarat manufacturing model of growth is better than the IT model of growth. In
the IT model, if there are 10 lakh employees, each earning 30-40 lakhs per year-that
salary goes straight to the bank. It does not percolate much to the lower levels; their
lifestyle benefits a limited number of people. In manufacturing, every job creates ten
additional earners. It percolates down to the lowest level. When Modi brought in
40

corporate investment, it led to the growth of ancillary industries and to support the
ancillary growth, came small and medium enterprises. Gujarat was always industry
friendly. Modi did not start the process, he only improved the systems.
In most Indian cities, industrial growth pockets
have very slummy conditions. Even in Delhi,
the Okhla or Wazirpur Industrial Area create
eyesores, plus wretched slums for the working
class. Today Gujarats industrial growth is not
producing slum like conditions.
The Gujarat Industrial Development Centre
calls them Industrial Clusters. The new ones
developed during Modis regime--such as
the automobile park--are world class. Please go
and
see them. My own family belongs to the
CCGT Power Plant at Hazira
small and medium enterprise sector. We are
into manufacturing valves just as numerous other Sunni Boras are. We are a classic
example of feeding in to large industry. There is no power shortage, no water problem.
Roads are world class and the overall infrastructure growth is friendly. Even sanitation
is very good in these pockets. Modi is not addressing this or that narrow or large
constituency. He is doing what India needs doing.
Most Muslims are happy that Modi never uses divisive strategy of doing this or that for
a particular community, for Hindus or Muslims but addresses himself to 6 crore
Gujaratis. There is no need to talk of Muslims separately. Tell me, when the American
Presidents talks, does he address the Blacks, the Whites, Hispanics, Indians, Pakistanis,
Chinese, Koreans separately? If he did that, it would take him hours just keeping a
count of diverse groups. He talks of all Americans. In my view, it is good that Modi
talks of and works for all Gujaratis. Muslims are quite capable of taking their legitimate
share from the opportunities created for all. We only ask for two things: give us
logistical support that only a government can provide and dont put spokes in our
wheels. His government has honoured both these promises.
Today at the Gujarat Summit, you heard Modi talk at length about giving
encouragement to Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs). The SME sector Modi was
talking about is largely a Muslim domain. You will find every single Sunni Bohra
having an SME and Modi is working very hard to create more SMEs. Modi is working
on developing ITI (Indian Technical Institutes). Tell me which other Chief Minister is
doing that? They all want an IIM (Indian Institute of Management) or IIT (Indian
Institute of Technology) or an engineering college for the children of the elite. Modi
goes beyond that, he works for ITIs. Who are the ones getting ITI training? It is mostly
children of poor Muslims from artisanal castes and classes. We tell Modi, please dont
do anything special in the name of Muslims, instead do for all. We will make sure we
are included in all and get our share. Likewise, I tell my community, you have to first
get into the bus if you want to reach your destination. If you dont enter a bus how do
you expect to reach your destination?
I say it bluntly to all Muslims, if you develop your talents and deliver honestly, even the
Ashok Singhals of this world will have to give you your due. I give this example: If
41

Ashok Singhal sahib had a helicopter for which he has to choose from two available
pilots: The first one is a Kashmiri named Mohammad Khan who has 500 hours of
flying experience and second one is a Ganga Ram from UP who has a mere 50 hours.
You tell me in all honesty, who will Ashok Singhal select for flying his helicopter?
When I took this BMW dealership during the surcharged atmosphere of Gujarat, I was
very apprehensive about our business prospects. We thought that it is mainly upper
caste Hindus who are likely to be buyers of such high priced cars. All of us three
brothers are conservative bearded Muslims whose identity is writ large on our faces.
We wondered if Hindus would come to us for buying cars. I say hats off to the Hindus
of Gujarat, because so many of them say, We are going to buy from Mullajis
showroom only. Meaning, we have established our own unique brand as car dealers.
There was a time when if a Hindu in Mumbai needed a taxi for his wife or daughter
during late hours, he would like for a Chelliah Muslim driver because they were so
trusted for being upright and honest. Chelliah is one of the Muslim communities of
Gujarat who speak Palanpuri. From Abu to Mumbai, the roadside restaurants, eateries
on the highway are 100% owned by Chelliah Muslims. No Hindu taxi driver was
trusted as much as Chelliahs. I tell Muslims, become like them and people
will discriminate in your favour.
The benefit of Modis good governance and the development model is going most of all
to the poor. In fact, a large majority of poor is now part of the middle class. They were
given education opportunities. For example, there is all this fuss about Modi not
utilizing scholarship grants sent by the Centre for the Muslim community. They are
grilling him in the Court over it. I can vouch for what Modi said in his address at the Sri
Ram College of Commerce in Delhi. He said that in 2001, there were 11 universities in
Gujarat, there are 42 now. This happened within 10 years. We have had this Vocational
Guidance Bureau for 30 years without producing any results. But Modi has invested
heavily into skill development and higher education.. In 2001 or 2002; there were 25003000 seats for engineering, now there are 55000.
I recently met a young Muslim who is doing a Ph D from IIM, though he is from a poor
family. He said on the camera, Modi sahib has made education easier for Gujaratis.
There was a time when Ahmedabad people had to go to other states to study. Now there
are 10 engineering colleges in Ahmedabad itself. That is why I directly got admission in
Ahmedabad.
If you compare the fee structure of Rajasthan and Gujarat, the engineering fees is 4
times in Rajasthan as compared to Gujarat. The fee in government engineering colleges
in Gujarat is around Rs 15,000 whereas it is Rs 50,000-55,000 in Rajasthan government
run colleges. Everyone has benefited from this development.
Since the policy of maintaining scarcity of seats in professional colleges is ended, there
wont be any need for reservations and quotas. Now there are so many surplus seats in
our professional colleges, that some go unclaimed. Last year, there were 55,000 seats
for engineering and there were 5000 seats to spare after all the state seats were filled up.
Muslims are getting far better educational opportunities in Gujarat today without need
for quotas. Modi does not play the politics of scarcity which pitches one community
against another.
42

He creates conditions of plenty so that everyone gets their due without quarrelling with
others.
Those children who had to pay lakhs of rupees to study in other states can now stay at
home and pursue higher studies. In our society, whether you are a Hindu or a Muslim,
most parents are reluctant to send their daughters to live in hostels. They say that if you
can get admission within the city then it is fine, but we dont want to send you to far
away states. Now many Muslim girls have come to study medical and engineering
because they can get admission in local colleges. Today even the children of lower
middle class Muslims can afford to send their sons and daughters to study engineering,
medicine or IT.
The poor Muslim who sits on the footpath as a street vendor has benefitted most from
riot free Gujarat with rule of law firmly in place. Those who are wealthy dont even go
to vote, it is the poor man who votes. The 31% Muslim population that has voted for
Modi belongs overwhelmingly to the poorer sections. The wealthier Muslims are still
embarrassed about voting for BJP.

Recently, I decided to go and see for myself what was happening in Saurashtra. My
family and I travelled by road through the villages all the way up to Gir, taking stops in
Rajkot and Jamnagar. I was quite surprised that there is a pro-Modi wave even in
Junagarh, in the heart of Visavadar, which is the constituency of Keshubhai Patel.
When Muslims have a pro image of a political leader, he is not a hero in the sense of
Salman Khan or Amitabh Bachchan. A political leader becomes a hero for ordinary
citizens only because he has done something good for people, made their lives
better. Not because he is glamorous or a macho man.
The roads in the area are beautiful, almost right up to Junagarh, there are 6 lane roads.
My wife was asking me,
Kache makaan nahi hain yahan par (Are there no mud houses in these villages?). We
couldnt believe the transformation of a small town like Junagarh. Very good houses
indicating new prosperity. It was absolutely wonderful.
The Sakkarbagh Zoo set up by
the erstwhile Nawab of
Junagarh in 1963, was at one
time very famous. But then it
fell on bad days. Last year they
celebrated the 150th anniversary
of that Zoo. In the last 10 years,
this Zoo has also been restored
Sakkarbagh Zoo
to its full glory. You have to
see it to believe it. My kids did not want to go to the Zoo, they thought that they had
seen the Zoo in Mumbai and London but did not find them worth the visit. When they
went and saw the Junagarh Zoo, my daughter told me, Daddy, unbelievable, we would
have missed something so exceptional and regretted all our life had we not come with
you. You have to see it to believe it. They have created such an environment, the way
43

they have kept the lions, the tigers, hippopotamus; ostrich etc is both clean and
aesthetic.
When the man on top is efficient good administration percolates down to the very
bottom. I always believe, jaisa raja waisi praja, it is true. Jaisa Chief Minister ya Prime
Minister, uska reflection hota hai neeche. You see its reflection all the way down. I
talked to the guide. He was very well qualified; a trained zoologist, very professional,
very efficient. Zoo means dirt and all, but this zoo was so clean and everything was
well maintained. You could not find the stink that you normally find in zoos. The
animals were clean and healthy, that was a good reflection on the kind of people who
have been selected to manage the Zoo.
Similarly, Junagarh town was quite prosperous. Not
the usual rundown homes seen in small and big town
of India. We found well built houses with good civic
amenities. The Junagarh city was also clean. Not the
regular piles of garbage you see in Indian towns and
cities.
I asked the man who we had hired as a driver for our
Gir visit, as to why they are pro-Modi since that area
Junagarh Circuit House
used to be a stronghold of Keshubhai Patel. He
replied, If Modi had not emerged, we would have been crushed. See in that area,
Patels are the dominant community. Most others are from the much poorer Durbar
community. The wealthy know how to thrive under any and every regime. For
example, the multi-national corporations know how to go and do business even in the
jungles of Africa but the poor man, the petty entrepreneur can rise in life only under a
regime that provides pro-people governance and does not discriminate between
different groups of citizens. The MNCs and corporate dont care whether a country is
democratic or a dictatorship. But the real beneficiary of peace and versatile governance
are the poor for whom new doors of opportunity are opened.

44

Modi has made a difference to the lives

of those who did not have land or old
business networks. It is not as if Modi
gave them doles. For example, this
driver from the Durbar community
said, Earlier I used to drive a jeep and
earn Rs 5000 a month. But ever since
Modi launched his Khushboo Gujarat
ki
campaign
with
Amitabh
Bacchhan to promote tourism in the
state, there has been phenomenal
increase in tourist inflow even in our
area. The Gir forest has been there for
centuries. But who knew about
Amitabh Bachchan as the Brand
it? Since Modi built world class infra
Ambassador of "Khushboo Gujarat Ki"
structure right up to the interiors,
campaign
restored old monuments, and launched
an innovative tourism campaign, Gujarat has suddenly emerged as a prime tourist
destination. Today 50% of tourist inflow of India is coming to Gujarat which had a
negligible presence on the tourist map 10 years ago.
The driver said because of increase in tourism, today he is able to provide good
education to his children and live well. His son is studying BSc in Junagarh while the
daughter is in class 11 in a good local school. He had a piece of ancestral land. He
raised some money and built a small tourist resort there. The government has a program
of providing guidance to such first generation entrepreneurs in developing hospitality
services. We stayed in his resort. It was really good and the food was wonderful. He
also pitches tents for tourists in addition to proper guest rooms he has built. The place
is packed to capacity. He had set up a very innovative Bumba system for providing
hot water. You cant imagine how delightful and relaxing is the water heated in the
traditional way through the use of bamboos. Today, this man has risen from being a low
paid employee to a budding entrepreneur. And he is not the only one.
All around in that area, we saw new houses in the villages, not because Modi gave them
any money to build new homes. All he did was to develop high quality infra structure
and promoted tourism. When tourists come they are bound to spend money which gets
pumped into the local economy and opens up new business opportunities for the local
people. So today, the once impoverished Durbar community is experiencing rapid
upward mobility. This is changing their equation with the dominant Patel community.
We met several Muslims of that village. The Sarpanch was also a Muslim though the
area is not Muslim majority. I asked him how he won the election. He said, we dont
have any Hindu-Muslim issue here anymore. We saw the local mosque. It was
1st class. He told us that a famous cricketer had come to their village and offered to get
a masjid and madrasamadras built in that area but he declined the offer saying, we can
build our mosque with our own resources. You could see the Muslims of the area are
prospering and feel at peace with the local Hindus.
Even deep into the interiors of Gir forest the small Muslim villages are showing signs
of rising incomes. Everyone is carrying mobile phones. This is because tourism has
45

opened up new sources of income for everyone from the man who sells milk to the
vegetable grower I had heard of Seedhi village near Gir forest. It you go to that
village you will feel that you are in some African region. Muslims in that village are
100% of Africans descent. But they speak a dialect of Gujarati. My wife commented:
ek bhi kachcha makaan nahi dekha dehaat mein. (I dont see many mud houses in this
village) It did not look like a poor, wretched village. I was amazed to go into the
interiors and see the new prosperity. In the last 10 years, the economic condition of
Gujarati Muslims, especially the poorer segments has improved dramatically. In fact,
they have benefited even more than poorer Hindus because Muslims are
entrepreneurial, plus they are very skilled and do not mind doing haath ka
kaam (artisanal work). They have got a favourable environment to grow and experience
upward mobility.

On Ghettoization of Muslims in Gujarat

Gujarat has become synonymous with ghettoization and marginalization of Muslims.
Activists, academics, journalists have all joined in chorus to convince the world that Muslims
lived at the wretched margins and there is no space for healthy interaction between the
Hindus and Muslims. I asked Zafar if experience of Hindu Muslim interaction was different
in big cities like Ahmedabad.
As for ghettoization of Muslims, forget about now, 60 years back Muslims could not own any
land in Navrangpura. Now in Modis regime, Muslims own land on SG road and CG road.
We are running our BMW dealership in the heart of Ahmedabad. When I wanted to open my
showroom here, I told Modi: Sir, in this environment we will not be able to carry on with our
businesses. I will not be allowed to own even a small plot of land in the elite areas on account
of being Muslim. He said: Here is the map of Ahmedabad. Tell me where are you planning
to buy land? If the seller is ready and you have the money, I will see who stops you. I will
have the administrative process completed within 24 hours.
Ghettoization is actually breaking down in Gujarat. But dont forget, separate
neighbourhoods for different communities have been a fact of life for thousands of years in
almost all societies. People like to live with their own. Even among Muslims, Sunni Bohras
prefer to live with Sunni Bohras, Memmons want to live with the Memmons, Cheepas want
to live with the Cheepas, Aghakhanis with Aghakhanis; and same thing with the Hindus.
Patel will not live with the Shahs; Paldi is a domain of Jains. No Patel can come in Paldi now.
Even in the old city, within Hindus, there is Sutharwara where all the carpenters live; there is
a Soniwar where all the sonars(goldsmiths) and jewellers live.
This reminded me that even Indian bazaars have a similar clustering. For example, in Delhi,
there is Dariba in Chandni Chowk which is a 100% jewellery market. You will not find a
single cloth shop there. Thats the way our whole urban landscaping takes place. There is an
electrical goods market in Bhagirath Palace and so on.
The ghettoization in England is worse. I have lived there for 7 years. I went to Blackburn
once, met some Gujaratis. They said, Zafar bhai, it is very good here. I asked, tell me
why? They replied: From Friday evening to Monday morning you dont see even one white
man here! I was horrified. One kind of ghettoization is when you cant enter a particular
neighbourhood simply because you are not wanted, that is when you can say it is
46

discriminatory. The other is preferential; even when Indians go to the US many of them feel
more comfortable in an Indian neighbourhood. The price of a house rises the moment a
mosque comes up in any area. All Muslims neighbourhoods develop around a mosque. For
example, Dewsbury is a small town in England, but because it has a strong Muslim presence,
the houses in that area are more costly than in London because every Muslim wants to be
there.
When Mr Modi used to live in Vadnagar, he used to live near Warvad, all the Sunni Bohras
used to stay there. This whole concept of interpreting community preference for living among
culturally close groups is absolutely misplaced and media has just ranted about it in a very
wrong way. Community based neighbourhoods have a different logic. A Gujarati Muslim is
more comfortable with a Gujarati Hindu than with a Bengali Muslim.
But I had heard endless accounts about discriminatory treatment given to Muslim
neighbourhoods like Juhapura. What is your take on it?
Juhapura was established in 1972. Out of the 40 years of
Juhapura existence, Modi sahib has been there for 10 years
and BJP for 15 years. Before this for 25 years it was under
the Congress rule. There was no development work in
Juhapura for a long time. In recent years development work
has started there. Whatever development work was
undertaken in that area happened under Modi sahib. For
example, there was no service road. In the last four years, 10
km radius of Juhapura has a service road. Three town
Work in Progress: Juhapura planning schemes for Juhapura came in 2006.
I told the people of Juhapura that if you have problems, you go to Modi and talk to him. They
went and told him, SG road is like the 5th Avenue, and CG Road is like Champ lyses.
Juhapura next to it is worse than Bharatnagar. Juhapura does not have proper roads and entry
points. He said, Yes it has to be fixed. And true to his words, in 2008 and early 2009 at
least 6 town planning schemes have come for Juhapura and they have begun transforming the
face of that Muslim-only neighbourhood.
Ever since Modi government introduced a comprehensive town planning scheme, even
Juhapura has good connectivity to the rest of the city through CG Road and SG Road.
I was told that there is no drainage in Juhapura. So I went deep into Juhapura, and I met my
relatives there. I asked my cousin, Why did you buy a house here when there was no
drainage? He said No, we have drainage. I was myself surprised at this. Then I saw for
myself. Juhapura is East-West and there is North South. One side which connects with
Vejalpur is very well developed; the other side there is no scope for development because it
goes to the river. So there are some lacunae on that side. But in the last 2 years at least 60%
improvement has come. What I say is, yes, if earlier there was 10 tonnes of garbage, and
today there is only 5 tonnes left, does it not mean 5 tonne reduction? Why dont you
acknowledge that? It is any day better than your Zakir Nagar in Delhi. I cannot bear to live in
Zakir Nagar. What about the ghettoization in Delhi? There are apartments being sold in
Juhapura for 2 to 2.5 crores. The place is booming with construction activity. It is far from
being an impoverished slum.

47

I took a walking tour of Juhapura on January 13, 2013 and talked to dozens of residents and
shopkeepers at random. The entire colony was buzzing with energy with a lot of new houses
and many under construction or renovation. It had any number of cars and motor cycles. The
bazaar was lively and cheerful. It did not look anything like the hell hole I was expected to
confront going by the propaganda about subhuman conditions in Muslim ghettos. I will let
the photographs I took that evening speak for themselves.
Here are some pictures of Muslim bungalows in Khursheed Park, Juhapura:

Boundary wall of one of the several Muslim A neon light hoarding at the entrance of
owned bungalows in Juhapura
Juhapura advertsing a new real estate
project

48

Below are some pictures of the burgeoning new construction in Juhapura

Pictures of the main bazaar of Juhapura

49

Below are some pictures of some of the lesser developed parts of Juhapura

Mohammed Hussain Gandhi Centre and Pir Mohammed Shah private hospital on the
main road in Juhapura

50

To continue with Zafar:

I live in Mumbai, the cosmopolitan city of India. In elite areas like Bandra, Bandstand,
Mount Mary, Pali Hill, in 70% of the buildings Muslims are not allowed to buy flats. I was
told this on my face. Because my surname is Sareshwala, people think that Im a Parsi. The
moment I go they say oh, no no. This I have been told umpteen times in Mumbai of
21st Century. The agent will only tell you right away which buildings you cant get a house
in. Even if they agree to consider a Muslim, they interview the family. I was so zapped, that
the building that I got a flat in, I gave my piece of mind to the committee. I said, What the
hell do you think you are? I am more cultured than you. Culture has been ingrained in me for
600 years? What are you people so arrogant about? Today they are so happy with us, for
everything they bring in Zafar bhai. There are two Muslim families in our building in the
Mount Mary area. I am a much respected member of this community today. Bridging divides
and breaking down stereotypes is a two way process. Muslims cant put the entire blame on
Hindus. They must examine their own conduct also.
Are you saying the initiative for building bridges has to come from Muslims also?
Yes, I am saying precisely that. Our leaders have fed the Muslim Community on deep
prejudice against Hindus and deliberately created mistrust vis-a vis Hindus. If Muslims live
up to negative stereotypes people have of them, how can we blame others for our ghettoized
existence?
During the 1985 Gujarat riots, I was in Delhi and was talking to my family on phone near
Nizamuddin describing my nervousness in Delhi. A sardar taxi driver who overheard me
said: Mulla ji, no Hindu hates you here. We even worship your dead at the Nizamuddin
dargah. ( Aapke murdon ko bhi poojte hain), referring to the tomb of the sufi saint. Be like
the Nizamuddin Auliya and we will worship you as well! In this dargah, dont the Hindus
come in even larger numbers than the Muslims? Why would Hindus hate you?
The moment Muslims change their kirdaar in Gujarat, Hindus too respond. For example,
normally in Muslim weddings there are no Hindus. In my daughters wedding, I did
something special. I invited over 400 Hindus and had vegetarian meal prepared for them
separately. Every Hindu woman who came congratulated me and said, You did a great
job. Spending time with the women in the zenana has a charm of its own (Auraton ke saath
baithne ka mazaa hi kuch aur hai.) Everyone appreciated the intermingling between Hindus
and Muslims. Everybody came, even though they knew it was a traditional Muslim wedding.
Someone has to make a breakthrough. How long can we continue living as stereotypes?

51

4
Did Muslims Vote for Modi Led BJP out of
Fear?

In the 2012 Gujarat Assembly elections, 31% of Gujarati Muslims voted for Modi led
BJP despite media and NGOs launching a high voltage campaign against Modi for
being a divisive force in Indian politics. The enormous increase in Muslim vote for
BJP was dismissed by Modi-Haters, including reputed political scientists, by saying
that Muslims had voted for Modi out of fear.
Those who hold this view need to hear Asifa Khan of Bharuch who joined the BJP a
few weeks before the 2012 election after spending 4 years as the Congress
spokesperson in Gujarat. Asifa is a highly respected public figure and her joining the
BJP created a real stir. She is respected not just by fellow Muslims but also enjoys high
level of prestige among the Hindus. (The full text of interview with Asifa will be posted
soon).
Asifa had become a local celebrity as a successful journalist much before she was
handpicked by Congress stalwart Ahmed Patel to join the Party as its spokesperson.
She took on the job with as much enthusiasm and sincerity as she did her job as a
journalist. But she quit the Congress after four years of hard work.
This is how Asifa describes her experience of being a Congress worker and why an
increasing number of Muslims, including herself, are gravitating towards Modis BJP.
Being a journalist I got a chance to interact with many
politicians and industrialists. Since I hail from Bharuch
district, and Ahmed Patel sahib also hails from the
same district, he knew me for years as a renowned
journalist of the area. He knew I had very good
reputation. I believe it is one of that reasons that he
hand-picked me in 2008 as spokesperson of Congress
party in Gujarat as well as Media Cell convenor of All
India Mahila Congress. I do not recall that thus far he
has handpicked anyone else from our district and given
him/her such an important designation.
Asifa Khan
Without contesting any elections and without any
political backgroundI was not even an ordinary member of the Congress Party -- I
was straight away given such a major responsibility. To my knowledge I did all justice
to that responsibility and did everything I was asked to do. My job was media
management for the Party, especially the publicity part. But I was not made to come
52

face to face with the media. My job was behind the curtains. For example, if Rahul
Gandhi was coming to Gujarat, I would design the program for him. We gave him the
concept ofAbhay Udaan and invited him to visit Gujarat and interact with the youth.
We used to give him questions to work on and the tentative list of problems the youth
would like him to speak on.
Sometimes I would be working till 1 a.m. in the night, discussing topics to be taken up
by the Party and how we can make it work in the best possible way, what would Rahul
be doing during his visit and how do we bring attention to the issues we want to
highlight. I am the kind of person, when given responsibility I do it to the best potential
I have.
In the 4 years I spent working for the Congress party, I came to see that the hard core
issues and problems of people are not being addressed the way they should be doing.
We were lacking leadership at the Gujarat state level which means that any issue that
comes up doesnt get solved at the state level, you need to send it to a higher authority
or to Delhi and once you go with those issues to Delhi, it is either too late to be
addressed or the hands of the national leaders are full. Issues that are important at the
grass root level seem to be immaterial or small in front of the national issues and left
aside or remain unattended. This creates a boomerang effect at the grass root level
because people feel let down at their problems being ignored.
For example, when a widow whose husband was in the postal department came to me
for employment, this is a central government issue. They have promised her a job but
she is not getting it. She comes to us with genuine papers once, twice, or thrice but if
we cannot help her with her problem, we are not able to go and show our faces back to
her. She will carry an image that Congress doesnt work. When I went to Kutch to
interact with the Muslims, they said that earlier they were with the Congress but moved
over to BJP. I was curious to know why they switched over to BJP. They said whenever
we needed the slightest help of the Congress Party leaders in getting something done
from the bureaucracysuch as license for a shopwe got no response. At times we
could not even get an appointment; often there is no one there to listen to citizens with
grievances. But in BJP we get prompt hearing. BJP leaders are receptive and accessible.
One of the Muslim shopkeepers told me a friend of his took him to a BJP leader who
promptly gave an appointment and sorted out the issue. He said to me, why should I not
join the BJP? My house is running because of the BJP leaders and the councillor who
actually helped me in earning my bread by getting me license for my shop. That is why,
I switched over to BJP.
Another illustrative incident among many others in my hometown is that of a young
boy running a small Chinese food kiosk. He joined the BJP way back in 2006. I asked
him the reason and he explained saying, See I was finding a problem to get a hawkers
license for my kiosk. I kept visiting various Congress leaders, including councillors,
and yet nothing turned up. I am the sole bread winner of a family of 6. Ultimately, in
sheer desperation I sought the help of a friend to introduce me to the BJP MLA. This
MLA promptly took me to the relevant department and sorted out my problem by
getting me a license from the Nagar Palika level. Now when my friend comes and says
Why dont you put a BJP banner on your lorry how can I refuse him? I am here today
because of my friend who took me to a BJP MLA.

53

Let me give you another example: when Muslims go for Hajj, there is a formality that
they need to get some documents signed by someone who has official authority. People
often go to their areas MLA for that. In my district, when Muslims try to get an
appointment with a Congress Muslim MLA, they do not manage to get one, whereas
when they call up a Hindu BJP MLA, they get a prompt response. They are called in
immediately and the forms are signed promptly. Forms for Hajj pilgrimage are signed
by BJPs Hindu MLAs, without a fuss but Congress Muslims are very hard to get even
for small things. These are indications of how BJP is being very helpful to Muslims at
the ground level. They are extending their hand of friendship and they are non-arrogant.
They give you an appointment without much fuss and help you without any
discrimination.

In Bharuch, during the last municipal election, both the BJP and the Congress gave tickets to
a Muslim candidate in a particular mohalla. But it is BJPs Muslim candidate who won. This
clearly shows that BJP is being preferred by Muslims despite the fact that this particular area
is part of Ahmed Patel Sahibs political base who is a big national leader. But he has no time
to attend his constituency problems while the local Congress team is dysfunctional. They just
want to go for photo ops when the big national leaders arrive. They are just for namesake
otherwise people would respond to them in elections.
No wonder, day by day the Congress is losing in this state. Why are they out of power for the
past 22 years? Out of 8 Municipal Corporations, 7 Municipal Corporations are run by the
BJP. Why is it that Congress is not functioning properly even at the district level. They won
in very few Zila Parishads. All the others are with BJP. Go further down, why is it that of the
current Taluka Parishads in Gujarat, not even one is with the Congress? That means the party
is finished at the ground level.
The Congress does not have a single credible face in Gujarat. That is why they are relying on
BJP rejects. Did you hear any of the national leaders saying that this is the person that we are
projecting as the chief minister? They didnt have a face till the last moment.
The Congress says that wherever Rahul ji went, we won the seats in that constituency. Then
what stopped them from taking him all over Gujarat? If they so desperately wanted Gujarat
this time, all their national leaders were proclaiming that they would win this time and if they
say that wherever Rahul went he got a seat, what stopped them from taking him to 100 or 182
constituencies? This means that there is something dubious in the way they function. They
took him only to places they thought will save his face and stature.
If you come at the last moment, you wont get any response. You have to be there 365 days
of the year to engage with people to win their hearts. Modi ji was there with the people all the
time; he attended numerous public events, constantly engaging with his people, responding to
their needs and making the administration work to a purpose. And when hes there and keeps
a watchful eye, the cabinet also works, the bureaucracy is also responsive, the Zilla Parishads
and town councils also work, which means the entire system works.
Because the leader works, everybody under him is functioning. Why else would people come
out in such large numbers to vote for BJP? Muslims did so because they developed active
interest in governance.
54

Asifa Khan during the 2012 election campaign

In Bharuch, we have 38% Muslim voters, while the Vaghra constituency where I stay has
44% Muslims. It was a Congress bastion for years and years. Congress was confident that
even if they lose entire Gujarat, they would win in Vaghra. Of the 44% Muslim voters, we
could get around 28-30% Muslims voting for the BJP. In the coming years, it is definitely
going to increase. The Election Commission did the best job they could in Gujarat. Barring
one small incident, there was no untoward incident anywhere in Gujarat. Our elections are
not held under disturbed conditions as in UP or Bihar. It was the most peaceful election.
People came out on their own because they liked the leader his style of governance.
31% Muslims of Gujarat voted for the BJP. Not a single seat in Bharuch district
supposedly a stronghold of Ahmed Patel went to the Congress. We took Ankleshwar,
Jambusar, Bharuch and Vagra. The Jaghadia seat went to JDU. Inshallah, in the next
election we will take back the JDU seat also.
I did not join the BJP at the spur of the moment or due to this or that incident. As a Muslim, I
keenly observed that for the first time in decades there has been peace in the state. For 11
years there have been no riots, no curfews. As a field reporter I have seen riots very closely.
I have seen that the same Gujarat which was unmanageable and constantly exploding has
become manageable under Mr Modi. Whatever happened in 2002 was very unfortunate. But
I also recall that the Modi government was only 4 months old and he had absolutely no
administrative experience. He started his journey as CM with lot of disadvantages and
negative baggage. There was a major earthquake in 2001 and a long legacy of riots.
55

And yet in 2003 itself he came up with the Vibrant

Gujarat movement. Right from day one, he was
development obsessed. He came up with major
water projects like WASMO. Muslims can see that
his team is working and there is no bias against
them. Therefore, they started gravitating towards
him. 2007 was a major testing time for us. We saw
that no communal issues were raised by the BJP.
Even in the 2002 elections, Modi was focusing
mainly on development. There were no attacks on
Muslims but the media created needless furore over a
phrase like Mian Musharraf. It was the Congress
Party which tried to play manipulative politics by Watch videos of Asifa Khan at:
using words like maut ka saudagar for Modi ji.
BJP did not use such communal rhetoric. This is http://youtu.be/nxeCmHeJl4k
what the Muslims and everybody else in Gujarat
http://youtu.be/ag03GFj_uSY
likes.
http://youtu.be/b2zJZ7MQIk0

Moreover, we saw that there were police firings in

2002 to stop riotous mobs. Within 3 days everything http://youtu.be/wWfSraAdlg8
was under control. The only disadvantage was that
media did not focus on the positive actions taken by http://youtu.be/9fi8Bkh3KvE
the government to save Muslim lives and bring down
http://youtu.be/fJKb0s9SagY
the riots.
Remember, since 1947 there have been 11000 http://youtu.be/k3zEQCZNtzs
communal riots in Gujarat. Did any of the previous
chief ministers undertake a Sadbhavna Mission or http://youtu.be/pyTsMjVUV0o
work for national integration? Mind you, Modi did
not start the Sadbhavna Yatra in a vacuum. For years before that, he actually put it into
practice. Because he brought peace, prosperity followed easily. When there is peace people
like to work study and go for new jobs. He opened many new educational and career
advancement opportunities for Gujaratis. There has been all round development and
Muslims are getting equal benefits. Today Muslims dont feel discriminated against. No
development scheme has come in the name of minorities. Everything is in the name of
Gujaratis. When he brought the coastal development scheme, there were no special baits for
OBCs, Muslims or this or that section. But Muslims benefited equally. This is national
integration in the real sense. All of us rise above narrow sectional identities and take pride in
the collective development of Gujaratis.
Even while I was in the Congress Party I was watching all these developments. But as an
opposition party, your job is to blame and criticize the BJP. My job was to find faults with
Mr Modi and I couldnt find any. In fact, I started finding faults with my own leaders and
saying why arent we doing what they are doing? Why arent we working for national
integration? Why are we opposing Modiji for doing it? We should bring in schemes that
benefit all. Why are we playing divisive politics based on caste or religion? Here is someone
who is showing by example how to go about it! I think, this minority labelling is a shameful
game. We want to be treated as equals. That is what we are getting now.

56

We are competent enough to find our own place. On this score I was again and again
disappointed with the Congress.
Someone in my shoes should never have left the Congress because they gave me a big
position. The man closest to Soniaji, her top notch political advisor was my mentor, my
patron. I could have basked in the glory and stuck to it all my life. But I have chosen politics
as a medium to serve my people, to attend to their grievances. I had the daring to say that this
is wrong, I dont like it. I had been communicating this to the national leaders off and on.
But no one paid heed.
Finally I decided to go and meet Narendra bhai Modi. I told myself his government is doing a
good job; they brought hundreds of Muslims in as elected representatives at the panchayat,
municipal and district level. Congress had been in power for nearly four decades. They
never got as many Muslims elected in those long years as BJP has done in the last 10 years.
Do you know that the Haj Committee and the Waqf Board of Gujarat were as good as defunct
during Congress rule? The party did not even bother to fill vacant positions. During Modis
tenure, all these Boards have been filled up and activated. Not only that, they have been
given the status of full-fledged Corporations which means we are given more funds more
powers, more autonomy to operate our Haj and Waqf Boards. They have become fully
energized now. Even the Sachar Committee Report said that the recommendations made by
them have been implemented best in Gujarat as compared to any other state in the country.
That committee was appointed by the Centre and yet it had to acknowledge the good work
done by Gujarat. That is why I felt a strong urge to meet Modiji.
I am the kind of person who doesnt take anybodys help while seeking an appointment
because I feel I might be imbued with the colour he carries. I needed to meet him on my own.
It was a very easy task to get an appointment. I just made a phone call to his office and left
my name and number. I didnt even leave my designation. I just called him up as a Muslim
woman from Bharuch and said that I needed to talk to him. Thats the entire message that I
left.
I got a call back and was given an appointment which was scheduled for just 5 minutes. But
those 5 minutes turned into 55. Neither did I realize that I talked for so long, nor did Modiji
point out to me that Ive exceeded the time given to me. It was a one-on-one meeting. He
listened to me very intently. Many people were waiting outside to meet him. Only when I
came out and looked at my watch did I realize I had talked to him for nearly an hour. That is
the moment I decided I am going to work for him because I found his attitude perfectly
positive. In any case, he was already time tested.
So I joined BJP in October 2012, just a month before elections. I was told to handle my own
press conference. He left it totally to me. Even other BJP leaders did not give me any
instructions. If you watch that press conference, you will see for yourself that whatever I said
came straight from my heart. Nobody gave me any directions. I got very high coverage. I
explained what I found admirable in the Modi government and the media was free to ask me
any number of questions.

57

Asifa Khan at a press conference

After that press conference I became an important

media face for the BJP. It is noteworthy that while
the party headquarter would ask me to appear for this
or that media interview, press conference or a talk
show on TV, I was never tutored to say this or that.
It was marvellous to feel so trusted, especially for a
new comer like me who had not been groomed by
party leaders, who had not been trained about party
line. I was given full freedom to say what I thought
fit.

It was the same story during the election campaign meetings. For example, when Modi ji
came to Vagra, I delivered the speech just before his address. Being asked to deliver a
speech just before the CMs is high compliment. You must hear that speech. The trust they
reposed in me gave a new edge to my oratorical skills. I got phone calls from all over the
country appreciating my speech.
On the day of the results, which was a big day for us, I was asked by the party to sit live
before such a gamut of TV channels that I lost count. Right from 8 o clock in the morning till
9.30 p.m., without any break, just a bit of water and a bit of Prasad is all I had while
appearing as BJP spokesperson on that historic day.
During my Congress days, I was not asked to do such things. They knew that I could speak
but I was only a background person. They knew that I was a press reporter and a public figure
for 17-18 years. But they didnt utilise my skills, they used me only for background work.
After the elections of 2012, I got calls from the Congress Party saying that you never did
such work for us. I replied that you never asked me to do such things for you; it was the
same Asifa Khan with you for 4 years. If you cannot utilise my potentials and talents, it isnt
my fault. I did all you wanted me to do with full sincerity.
Asifas story of such easy acceptance within the BJP came as a surprise to me. It seemed
logical to ask her whether she felt resented by others, whether they were jealous of her quick
rise to prominence. She said:
No. There are two types of discriminations. First kind is when they try to push you down
because you are a woman. In most of the male dominated societies, you might feel at some or
the other point in life that you are being kept down. I didnt get that feeling. On the contrary,
senior leaders were happy to guide and help me whenever I needed backup support with facts
or whatever. I used to get print outs with figures and facts. Being a minority I was never
discriminated, being a female I wasnt discriminated and being a new comer I wasnt
discriminated. I never got the sense that they were jealous of me for being projected in a high
profile manner. In fact, all these things turned in my favour. From day one everything was in
my favour. In the first place was the acceptance from the CM from the moment he met me.
He recognised my potential.

58

When I asked her if like Zafar Sareshwala she faced any hostility from the Muslim
community for having joined the BJP, this is what
she had to say:
Zafar bhai began engaging with Modi ji in 2002
when there was blind prejudice against Modi ji.
Muslims did not really know him then. Now he is
time tested. Therefore, Muslim communitys
response to my joining BJP has been marvellous!
They were very happy. You should check out the
enthusiastic response of Gujarati Muslims to my
public meetings through the TV footage of those
days available on You Tube. See video: Asifa Khan being felicitated by
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9fi8Bkh3KvE
Gujarati Muslims

Changing Role of Muslims in Gujarats Electoral Politics

I was told that Modi did not give a single ticket to a Muslim for the 2012 Assembly election
because he had vowed publicly that if a single Muslim ever enters the Assembly, he will have
the entire complex washed with Ganga jal. I asked Zafar Sareshwala if there was any truth
in this. Here is what he had to say:
Absolute bakwas! Utter nonsense. It just shows how vicious are the lies being spread against
Modi and how desperate is the Congress to keep the Muslim vote bank. Modis hands were
tied because of Congress ganging up with VHP, RSS and Bajrang Dal. Win ability was a
major factor in this election. Why is it that those who criticize him for not giving single
ticket to Muslims for the 2012 assembly election, never appreciate an unprecedented number
of Muslims winning on BJP ticket in the panchayat, municipal and zila parishad elections?
If Muslims were seriously upset on this count would they have ensured victory of BJPs
Hindu candidates against Congress Partys Muslim candidates in those areas where they a
substantial vote percentage or majority?
The results of the recent Salaya Municipal Corporation in Jamnagar district show that BJP
has won 27 out of 27 seats. Out of these 24 are Muslims who won on BJP tickets. Is this a
freak case or a firm trend of Muslims winning on BJP tickets?
In the 2012 elections 31% Muslims voted for BJP. In Asifa Khans Bharuch areas more than
35% Muslims have voted for BJP and this pro BJP voting has taken place even where the
Congress candidate was a Muslim. Congress has lost even where Muslim vote share ranged
from 38% to 62%. In such decisive constituencies, a BJP Hindu has won. Why? I said on
CNN IBN, that you people are mistaken about the reasons for his high poll percentage in the
2012 elections. The 75% voter turnout happened because the Muslim community came out in
big numbers to save Modi.
Before this election, numerous Muslims have won on BJP ticket at all levels- zila parishad,
Municipal Corporation and panchayat. Salaya is on the western coast. Once upon a time, this
area was famous for smuggling. It was one of the most neglected areas as far as economic
and infrastructure development is concerned. It had no electricity, no roads. Modi brought in
59

an ambitious coastal development plan. In that area, there are a lot of Muslim villages. You
can see for yourself that the development activity in the region included Muslim villages.
In the last election, when 5 Muslim candidates won on BJP ticket in this area, it made a big
impact on the entire community. They felt that if BJP is bringing in so much economic
development and also giving us opportunity to acquire political office, why should we stay
out?
The election results of zila parishads and Municipal Corporation counters the propaganda that
only urban Muslims have benefited from Modis development agenda. These results clearly
indicate that the rural Muslims in erstwhile neglected areas have benefited far more and
therefore are turning towards BJP in a big way. In the panchayat elections, BJP has won more
than 60% of total seats. Out of 76 Nagar Palikas, BJP won in 45. In 20% of the panchayats
they are 50-50. Voters are not influenced by marketing images. They vote for a party they
have traditionally avoided only because they see the ground reality change dramatically in
their favour.
However, in my view, a certain number of Muslim candidates winning elections is far less
important than the economic development of Muslim community. When a certain number of
Muslims or SCs win elections and hold political office, it does not necessarily lead to
betterment in the life situation of the entire community, especially since too many of our
elected representatives of all communities start behaving like super maharajas without the
social responsibility erstwhile maharajas held towards theirpraja. When a certain number of
Muslims or SCs win elections, political power rests in the hands of select few but inclusive
economic development raises the status of the entire community which can then negotiate
with these power holders from a position of relative strength. This is exactly what is
happening in Gujarat.
To call Modi a popular chief minister is an understatement, Modis constituency loves him,
you may like it or not. They think that he is bigger than Salman Khan (ye Salman Khan ka
baap hai). Even the Muslims who went to vote in unusually large numbers did so to save
Modi. I know some very big Islamic scholars who said, Vote for Modi. We need Modi. May
Allah save us, if he loses! Who knows who will come if Modi loses! (Modi ko vote do, Modi
chahiye, Allah khair kare,Ye haara kaun aayega pata nahi).
When 31% of Gujarat Muslims voted for Modi in the 2012 elections, they were accused of
voting for BJP under fear. In 2002, Gujarat Muslims were actually terrorized. But at that time
they did not vote for Modi. Do they mean Muslims got terrorized in 2012? When the
atmosphere was actually filled with terror in 2002, the Muslims did not vote for BJP. But
now Muslims have progressed. They have experienced terror-free life. They know they can
exercise free choice. No one can say that Gujarat elections have ever been rigged.
Its also a bogus charge that only wealthy Muslims have moved towards Modi. See, for the
wealthy it makes very little difference whether the BJP is in power or the Congress. The big
industrialists actually prefer a corrupt government because they can manipulate it in their
favour. An honest government benefits the ordinary citizen and poorer segments of society
the most. Even if there is a 200 day curfew in Ahmedabad, people like me are not worried
about the ration in my house or my children going hungry. But the poor Muslim who sets up
a hawker cart on the roadside or the one who drives a rickshaw or taxi- his life is adversely
impacted even if there is a two day curfew. There will be no ration in his kitchen. It is this
60

segment of Muslims that have gravitated towards Modi in larger numbers because the fruits
of good governance and riot free Gujarat have benefited them most. BJP does not take
Muslims for granted. At every level BJP leaders are actively engaging with Muslims. You
feel important when a candidate comes to you and taps you on your shoulder and says boss,
I have come to request you for your vote. This gives the community much greater sense of
dignity than merely having 2-3 token candidates of their own community put up as tokens.
Enough is enough. I would trust an honest Hindu more than a dishonest Muslim. Just because
you want to fill in a blank you want a Muslim, we dont want the token Muslims of the type
Congress has to blindly do its bidding. We prefer a person who does justice, even though he
may be non Muslim. We dont want a rubber stamp. For the last 50 years; they have been
making fools of us by hand picking a few rubber stamps. We dont want them anymore. Why
do you want to have a Ministry of Minority Affairs? You wont give me my basic rights as a
citizen, but you promise me what is not my rightful due. You promise me reservations which
you cannot give me as per the Constitution. But when I say, please build a small primary
school in my area, something you can easily do that you Congressmen dont do!
The truth is Modi has excellent personal relations with any number of Muslims. He has built
a very strong team of Muslims who work closely with him. They are well educated;
command the respect of the community. They are not seen as bikau types; they are not the
kind who curry personal favours and become courtiers. By contract, the Congress Party is
today devoid of a credible team of Muslim leaders, not just in Gujarat but also the rest of
India.
Tell me, do you see any serious Muslim face in Rahul Gandhis team? Can anyone of
Congress Muslims help it come to power in UP or Bihar?
Media has never celebrated the unprecedented victory of hundreds of Muslims in Panchayat,
zila parishad and nagar palika elections on BJP tickets. But they rave and rant endlessly
about Muslims not being fielded in Assembly elections. Why are they so desperate for bad
news from Gujarat? If they dont get it on the ground, they will cook it up!
I am convinced that these recent elections in which Muslims are openly voting for Modi will
be a game changer for all of India. If BJP projects Modi as their prime ministerial candidate, I
think Modi will have no difficulty in convincing the rest of India, including Muslims that he
is their best choice. It will be a cake walk for him.
Those who allege that only wealthy or elite Muslims are tilting towards Modi should be
reminded that only a small super elite group among Hindus in select metros are demonizing
Modi. This is all media manipulation. Modi has built a very strong team of thinking and
respected Muslims in Gujarat. That is why people like Maulana Madni feel compelled to
revise their stand. He has had to admit that Muslims of Gujarat are prospering. If there was
discrimination, how could Muslims prosper?
In pre-Modi days, the BJP did not have a single Muslim face in Gujarat. Today, it has the
most respected Muslims to act as BJP spokespersons. It is the Congress which has lost out on
Muslim support and doesnt have a single credible face to defend the party. They only have
NGOs of Mumbai and Delhi to act as Congress mouthpieces. The Gujarat Muslims can easily
convince Muslims of other states about Modis credentials because they have experienced the
change and shared the fruits of peace with economic development.
61

Congress used to think that these people will not go anywhere else and will vote for us only.
The predicament of the Muslims was indeed pathetic. The Congress used to take them for
granted and did nothing for them. On the other hand the BJP thought that Muslims are not
going to vote for us so why do anything for them. But this time the BJP adopted a pro-active
approach. The result of that is there to be seen Bharuch has five constituencies each of
them with at least 20% Muslim voters. One constituency where BJP candidate won has 49%
Muslims .It is not as if all Hindus voted for BJP. At least 30%-35% of Hindus always vote
for Congress. So, in Vagra where the Congress candidate lost it is not possible that only
Hindus voted and all the 35% of the Muslims did not vote. Surat East has a constituency
named Limbaya ,the Congress candidate lost there by 40,000 votes and Jabalpur where there
are 62% Muslims, 10,000 Muslim votes went to the BJP candidate who won. As I said
earlier, Mehboob Ali Shah, IGP Sayeed and Asifa Khan worked very hard for BJP. A lady
named Tayeba came from Hyderabad to campaign for the BJP and she too worked hard. BJP
candidates were very pro-active they held many public meetings in Muslim areas which
was unheard of before. Earlier when Hindus used to campaign, Muslims were not allowed to
participate. This time they held meetings in Muslim areas without security. I think that the
Muslims who have come to BJP will prove to be game changers.
The anti-incumbency factor affected some BJP MLAs who were poor performers. There was
no anti-incumbency against Modi. Since Congress joined hands with RSS/BJP defectors
Keshubhai and Waghela, Modi was put in a tough situation. If he had not given tickets to
these sitting MLAs, they would have moved over to Keshubhais party and dented BJPs
vote. Congress thus managed to tie down Modi. Otherwise, he would have dropped the poor
performers among his MLAs and ministers.

62

5
Of Skull Cap, Miyan Musharraf and Modi's
Sadbhavana Yatra

One of the criticisms levelled against my earlier articles on Narendra Modi is that I am
relying over much on the accounts provided to me by Zafar Sareshwala. I do so without any
apology because:

Zafar does not centre the conversation around himself. He is a very perceptive
observer of emerging trends in Gujarats economy, polity and social life. He provides
concrete examples to illustrate every point. The facts he puts forward can be cross
checked by anyone. They allow you to reach your own conclusions. Thus far I have
not found any discrepancy between what he described and the actual situations on the
ground.
Zafar is not just a complainer and fault finder. He is actively engaged in solving the
problems of the Muslim community in concrete ways that go beyond sarkari
dependence. Therefore, his approach is practical and exudes the optimism of a real
doer.

One of the most unexpected statements I heard from several Muslims in Gujarat was that
Modi has also won over the maulanas and heads of madrasas. Many maulanas actually
campaigned for his victory. How did this happen? As with several other issues, Zafar
Sareshwalas observations provide a good overview:
This has been a long process. To begin with, Modi took firm measures for the protection of
witnesses of 2002 riots. It is only because those witnesses could testify even against
ministers, that Gujarat has seen so many convictions of riot accused. Secondly, Modi gave
new life to the hitherto corruption ridden, defunct Waqf Boards. Under the Congress regime
they had been handed over to Muslim dons. Modi picked one of the most respected MuslimsRetired Additional Director General Police, A.I. Syed to head the Waqf Board in Gujarat. He
is working hard to clean up the institution but it is not an easy task given the state of affairs it
was in.

63

Steps Taken to Preserve Islamic Heritage

Sarkhej Roza after renovation

Lit up for the Sufi Festival to celebrate Ahmedaba

heritage

Modi is taking major steps to convey to Muslims that they matter. For example, Ahmedabad
Municipal Corporation has for the first time allotted a section of the budget for tourism. They
are going to restore the glory of 5 historical monuments. Out of those five, three are from the
Islamic period: Seedhe Saiiyad ki Jaali, Jhoolta Minara and Sarkej Roza. Already a lot of
work has been done by the Government of Gujarat on restoration of Islamic heritage. If 10
years ago someone had asked me let us go visit Sarkhej Roza, I wouldnt have agreed. It was
in a very bad state. Even though it was under the Archaeological Survey of India, it had no
amenities and was absolutely neglected. Apart from the structure, the surroundings make a
big difference. Modis government has developed a green belt and a beautiful garden around
that monument in addition to spending nearly 3 crore rupees to recharge and beautify a huge
water body around it. It has now become a tourist attraction. Incidentally, since the last 5
years Government of Gujarat has been organizing an international sufi music festival at
Sarkhej Roza. It is far grander than the sufi festival organized by the Delhi
government. They have singers from Pakistan, Egypt, Iran and other Muslim countries. Sabri
Brothers have also performed at this. Modi sahib sits through these sufi performances for
hours on end.

Sufi performances at the Sufi Festival during Heritage Week at Sarkhej Roza

Now they have taken up four more such old Islamic monuments for restoration and
development. If Modi were hostile to Muslim heritage, he could have let such places fall
64

apart as was happening earlier. But the Government today boasts in its promotional programs
that Gujarat state has the largest number of Muslim monuments.
At one time Muslims used to think that Gujarat government
promotes Somnath temple, Dwarkadhish and such Hindu
monuments but not our Muslim heritage. No one may have said it
aloud, but it was certainly at the back of the communitys mind.
Nobody from among us raised this issue with Modi but the Gujarat
Government started work on these quietly no fuss, no pompous
announcements. So much so that most Muslims are not even aware
of the transformation that has taken place but the Government today
owns these with pride as Gujarats great heritage. In a booklet
issued by the Gujarat government, they have written, We are proud
of the heritage of Badshah Ahmed Shah. Remember, earlier BJP
had tried to change the name of Ahmedabad to Karnavati in an
attempt to erase the Islamic heritage of the city. But the way Modi is
handling this heritage is altogether different.

Jhoolta Minara

To give you another example, in August or September 2012, some people from a madrasa
went to meet Modi. They had discussions on a lot of issues. The madrasa in Dabhel in
Navsari district near Surat is considered to be the Deoband of Gujarat. The Mufti of that
institution is an all-rounder he reads the Hadis, knows the tafsil of the Koran. The
delegation explained to Modi that their children study in madrasas for 8 to 9 years. After this
when they leave the madrasa, there is no recognition of the certificate/ degree that they get
from these community institutions. As a result they are unable to get any job. The delegation
wanted that after due evaluation of the madrasa, the certificate given by them to the students
should be recognized by the government. Modi asked them to describe what is taught in their
madrasas. He listened patiently for over 45 minutes to these maulanas description of the
subjects that are taught and their range of disciplines included in the madrasas. He was
impressed with their curriculum and the quality of education being imparted. The delegation
also requested him to ensure that the students passing out from madrasas are enabled to get
admission to second year BA so that they may continue their education in the mainstream
system. Modi responded saying it is an excellent idea and he would lend full support to
it. Now the ball is in the court of the muftis and maulanas. They have to bring a proposal to
the Government with a list of their students who wish to get admitted into regular college.
Before this we had prepared some children from the Himmat Nagar madrasa to enter the
mainstream by sitting for the SSC exam. These children had never gone to a formal
school. The Government has a rule that to sit for the SSC exam you have to pass the seventh
class you may have studied for four or five years but if you have passed seventh class, then
you can sit for the SSC exam. This was not the case with these children. They had not gone
to any regular school. How could they have passed seventh class? We approached the
Education Department they were very positive. They said that if we were confident that the
children would work hard and study to pass the examination, they would give their
approval. This is clearly because there are orders from the very top to every department that
their job is to facilitate things for citizens instead of creating hurdles. 11 children gave the
SSC exam directly these 11 had never attended school and they passed the SSC exam in
first class with 65% marks in science. Now these children are studying in class XI and
finishing their madrasa education as well. I have always maintained that we do not need any
65

aid from the Government all we want from the Government is logistical support and that no
one be allowed to put a spoke in our wheel.
Muslims voted for BJP in big numbers because BJP and Narendra Modi had worked hard for
it well in advance. It was not overnight that the Muslims switched their allegiance to BJP. For
example, many of the Muslim centric democratic institutions that had become defunct were
revived. So, the message had gone out, through a series of steps over the last several years.
Revival of BJPs Minority Cell
Every political party has a Minority Cell even the
Congress has it. The Minority Cell of the BJP had
become defunct after 2002. Modi has reinvented the
Minority Cell of BJP and given it new energy. In
2012, when the first convention of the BJP Minority
Cell was held, Narendra Modis address focused on
the inclusive development model of Gujarat of which
Muslims were an integral part. That was the basic
theme of the address. Modi is accused of ignoring
Narendra Modi with representatives
Muslims. But he has actually initiated Muslim centric
of minority communities
development without indulging in divisive
rhetoric. The convention organized by this BJP Minority Cell in Gandhinagar in 2012
witnessed the participation of 400-450 leading Muslim figures. Modi not only addressed the
convention but sat through its proceedings. The minute attention he pays to what Muslims
are saying is what makes our people feel it is worthwhile engaging with him. He is a doer
and does not confine himself to mere talk and tokenism. His message to the Muslims has
been: Dont act as a captive vote bank for any party. You dont even have to vote for
BJP. But engage as active citizens; become part of the growth story of Gujarat. He was also
sending out a clear signal by addressing a hitherto defunct Cell of the party personally that it
wanted it to have a new vigour and lease of life.
Before this convention a delegation of 26 Muslims went and met Narendra Modi. I went
along with them. There were 2-3 ladies also who run an NGO for riot victims and their
rehabilitation. Modi listened to them for one and a half hours. Then someone asked him what
message he wanted to give to the Muslims. Modi replied: Tell all my Muslim brothers (he
used the word Musalman bhaiyo) that you should not be mere voters for any political party
but be citizens who think for themselves and that you should be a part of the growth process
and benefit from it. And if for any reason you are left out of the growth process then you
should come to the Government with your complaints. It was not said behind a closed door
to me alone but was said in the presence of 26 persons none of whom was a politician; these
were businessmen as well as people who run schools or hospitals.

66

On Modis Alleged Propensity for Hate Speech

Modi has been projected in the national media as a politician who indulges in a lot of hate
speech, Zafar bhai do you feel aggravated about Modis way of addressing Muslims?
This image has ultimately acquired popular currency. I have dealt with all these questions but
on closer examination, I found that even that charge is baseless. He did make one remark
during the 2002 election which could be constructed anti-Muslim but other than that, I have
never found him to be abusive towards Muslim or anyone else.
Some 4 years ago a group of about 40-50 Muslims went to meet Modi. I was part of that
group. This delegation said to him, People think your speeches widen the gulf between
Hindus and Muslims. He replied: Forget my tenure as CM; I have been an RSS pracharak
(preacher) for long years before that. If you can pick even one offensive sentence from my
speeches as a pracharak (preacher), I will voluntarily quit my public life and resign as CM. I
want you to note three things in particular. I have:
a) Never made a negative comment about Mohammad sahib.
b) Never attacked Islam;
c) Never attacked the Koran.
If any of you find evidence to the contrary, bring it to me. I will right away resign as CM.
When we investigated the matter, we found Modi was right. Even when we look back at his
election speeches of 2003, barring one comment, there were no attacks on Muslims. This was
when talking about the need for family planning measures; in a barely veiled reference to
multiple wives of Muslims he said something to the effect that some people oppose family
planning with the idea: Hum Paanch, hamare pachees. We grilled him about that comment.
Modi explained it saying: Please understand, election time is like Holi. It is assumed that
people will take liberties with each other. Just as in Holi, men will throw colour at even
unknown women, and people indulge in mutual pranks saying, Dont mind, it is Holi (bura
mat mano, holi hai), so also during election time people do take pot shots at each other and in
the process some indiscretions take place. Other than that one comment, you cant point out
anything offensive I said about Muslims or Islam.
I want to tell you that the 5-25 comment had another context. These things are hushed up
but this comment was made during the election of 2002 in the backdrop of certain untoward
happenings in refugee camps. There were a number of incidents of rape, sexual molestation
and extra marital liaisons resulting in pregnancies within the camps. All this happened within
the community. That is why many of us wanted these camps to wind up fast and get uprooted
families return to their homes. When families are huddled together like that, these things
cant be controlled. Far sighted community leaders wanted that these camps should not
continue indefinitely because there were plenty of instances of misbehaviour with women. In
that context, Modi made that 5-25 comment which was certainly not in good taste. But
other than that, there have been no offensive speeches.
But his addressing former Pakistani president as 'Miyan Musharraf cannot by any stretch of
imagination be considered an abusive term. No doubt, there is a touch of sarcasm when Modi
uses this term but in itself the word Miyan is widely used by Muslims to address each other
67

in the normal course of conversations. But think of all the venom and poison aimed at
Modihe has been called a fascist, a snake, a scorpion, merchant of death, Milosevic, Hitler
and what not. But if he as much as says, Madam Sonia ji, they think he is being abusive!
Modi says, "Musharraf is a Pakistani general and Pakistan is a hostile nation which has
caused enormous damage to India. I have a right to take pot shots at him. Those cant be
construed as attacks on Indian Muslims.
Miyan Musharraf comment came in response to Musharraf having made a very negative
speech in the U.N about Gujarat. So Modi told him to mind his own business. We too feel
that Musharraf had no right to speak on our behalf in the U.N. These are our internal issues;
we can handle them on our own strength.
In 2002 itself, Modi had begun campaigning in development mode. When we first met him
in August 2003 in London, he was visiting England in connection with the first Vibrant
Gujarat Summit. He made it clear by then that there is no alternative to economic
development. Therefore, he did not fight the 2002 election using the communal divide
rhetoric even though he undoubtedly benefited from the existing communal polarisation.
Goodwill Mission Real or Phoney? Modis Sadbhavana Yatra
Since Modis Sadbhavana Yatra (Goodwill Mission) aimed specifically at the Muslim
community was endlessly derided by the media as well as the Congress party and its favoured
NGOs, I asked Zafar whether Muslims viewed it with equal suspicion and derision.
Modi did Sadbhavana Yatra towards the end of a long process. He had already created
Sadbhavana by his deeds. He had delivered on his promises. That is why his Sadbhavana
Yatra worked. It would not have worked if it was a mere show of goodwill. Mind you, Modi
did not have to bring rented crowds. The Muslims who joined him were genuine Muslims
who love Modi. The Yatra had a clear message for Muslims: the government is committed to
protecting and strengthening your rights as equal citizens. Dont stay politically ghettoized,
dont become a captive vote bank for any one not even BJP. People say that it is was only
a facade. I say, let it be a facade but remember the facade of the 90s when BJP hated the sight
of Muslims. Today when Modi sahib gives a speech, sitting before him will be women in
burqas and topiwala Muslims.
One of the oft repeated proofs offered by secularists of Modis hatred of Muslims is that he
refused to wear a skull cap offered to him by a Muslim during his Sadbhavana Yatra. Why
did Modi snub the offer of a skull cap considering it was a high profile event when national
media was watching every move he made?

68

That controversy over the skull cap was nonsense, a

nonstarter. I dont know how media can give
importance to such issues and distort them so badly.
Islamically speaking, the skull cap has no
importance. You go to any Arab country, you wont
find a single Muslim wearing a skull cap
during namaaz. Even so, I asked that man what
happened that day. He told me, Modi ne aise koi
utaar nahi di, bola topi mat pehnao, lao shawl de
do green wali. (It is not as if Modi removed the
Narendra Modi accepting a green
skull cap from his head. He just said: dont put a
shawl with Islamic verses written on
cap on me, give me that green shawl you have for
it during the Sadbhavana Yatra
me.) As you know the green colour is more
symbolic from Islamic viewpoint.
And that topi was the skull cap of Jews. Why is media not bringing this out? I too asked
Modi, why did you not wear the cap? Who bole ki topi musalmano ka chinh hai ya wo hari
shawl?Doosri baat, kya aapko topyian kam pehnai har Iftaar parties mein? Iftaari jab hoti
hai, har politician topi pehenta hai aur musalman khush ho jaate hain..(Tell me, is the green
shawl more of symbol of Islam or the skull cap? Secondly, have you not had enough of skull
caps during Iftaar parties? During Iftaar, all the politicians come wearing skull caps and
Muslims feel elated at just that!) Then I further asked that man: did Modi abuse you when
refusing the skull cap? He said, No Modi simply said, dont put the cap on me, give me the
shawl.
At this point Asifa Khan intervened to say:
The shawl had the Islamic verses (Kalma) written on it
Why did you not issue a statement to the press to clarify the misunderstanding?
I asked Modi, may I say all this publicly? He said: You say it. But I wont bother to offer
explanations because media is determined to distort all I say. So, I said all this on T.V.
Asifa Khan added:
I had issued a press statement explaining what had actually transpired. But the media refuses
to pay heed to any fact that portrays Modi in good light. They go on and on repeating the
same lies again and again to attack him. That is why Modi has stopped paying heed to what
media says.
To continue with Zafar:
Apart from close personal relations with a whole range of Muslims, including those like film
script writer Salim Khan who has no relation with party politics, Modi is very well informed
about Islam. He knows the Koran and Hadis as well as the religio-cultural practices of
Muslims far more closely than does an average Muslim. Let me give you an illustration of
this. A Muslim once wrote to Modi saying, You should not judge Islam from the behaviour
of current day Muslims. I want you to read this biography of the Prophet to understand Islam
in its true spirit.
69

Sure enough Modi read the book very closely. I know this because once a group of us 25
Muslims had gone to discuss some issues with him relating to education. In the midst of our
conversation, Modi took out that book and read out a quotation from the Hadis where the
Prophet says that seeking knowledge is the duty of every Muslim be it man or woman.
Muslims should be knowledge seekers, no matter how much effort it takes and how far the
person has to travel for it. Modi told us: Islam is the first religion to lay such emphasis on
the need to acquire knowledge by one and all. I feel very sad that todays Muslims have
come to be branded as jaahil, backward looking people caught in a time warp.
It was interesting to see how carefully Modi was reading that biography. It was marked,
underlined in key places with notes written all over the book.
This is something very noteworthy about Modi. He is not only a voracious reader on an
amazing range of subjects but also a very careful and prompt reader. For example, whoever
goes to him with a complaint, memorandum or document, Modi reads it right there and then
with minute attention. He is not like typical bureaucrats or politicians who will ask you to
leave the papers and then forget all about them. He will give you an instant response. If it
needs further probe, he will tell you a time frame within which you will get a response.
I have witnessed this nearly 150 times when I have gone with some or the other group of
Muslims to sort out some issue. He has never put aside the complaint or memorandum for
reading later. But then I too have maintained strict discipline and integrity in this matter. I
neither go to him for any personal agenda or favour, nor do I take to him cases of those who
require personal favours. I have let my community know, I will only help them with issues
or work that is quam ka kaam something that benefits the community, not this or that
individual. Now so many Hindus also approach me. But I use the same criteria with them.
You will find many Hindu supporters of RSS/ VHP/ Bajrang Dal and Congress abuse Modi.
But most Muslims are responding to Modi with enthusiasm. Let me share a revealing incident
with you.
A day before my daughters wedding, I got a phone call from Mr Modi saying How are the
preparations? I was taken by surprise that he remembered the date of my daughters wedding,
especially since the very next day there was a major BJP event in the city stadium. I replied
saying, It is you who is busy with the preparations in the stadium. He repeated: How
are your preparations going? His next sentence surprised me even more. He said: I am
coming tomorrow evening at 8 oclock. I told my wife about Modi sahibs coming and said,
this has created a real museebat (trouble) for us. We have purdah system with men and
women in segregated spaces. He is coming to meet my daughter. It is a big issue how to take
him to the ladies section in violation of purdah norms.

70

But I wasnt sure if hed actually come

simply because he said hell come. On the
day of the reception, I got a phone call from
the CMs office saying sahib has left for
your house. He will reach in 40 minutes. I
asked my wife how are we going to get our
daughter to meet him; she said we will put
her in a burka and bring her out. In the
meantime, he arrived. We could not
communicate with the zenana section to
warn them in advance, so in that rush we just
took him to the ladies section. You wont
Narendra Modi at Zafar Sarewala's believe it, our guests responded to Modis
sudden appearance as though Salman Khan
daughter's wedding
had suddenly appeared on the scene. Every
single person wanted to shake hands with Modi and wanted to get photographed with him.
Those who came late curse me till date that if Modi was coming why did you not tell us in
advance; why did you deprive us of the chance to meet him? I had expected that people might
avoid meeting him, will stay away, and keep a distance. But everybody was scrambling to
meet him. When we went to the ladies side, I told myself, I already have 11 fatwas against
me; one more
will come with
this!
As we were at
the entrance of
the
ladies
section,
Modi
told his security
staff to stay out.
He walked with
me alone to the
ladies
section.
We went to the
stage, he gave Narendra Modi with guests at Zafar Sareshwala's daughter's wedding
blessings to my
daughter and there was a mad scramble among the Muslim women with burkhas to have a
photograph with Modi. Since I am not a secular Muslim, this was a hard core Islamic
wedding of real puritans. He was there for good 45 minutes; he met everybody. So much so
that he moved around the wheel chair of one of my sons who is paraplegic, shook his hands
and tweaked his ears. He was in a jovial mood, meeting everyone and taking in everything.
Take the example of Mahesh Bhatt he has been the most vocal critic of Narendra Modi.
And yet Modi personally phoned him in 2004 after he had delivered a speech attacking Modi.
Mahesh Bhatt has recorded in his diary that he made this speech at 10.30 am and at 12.30 he
got a phone call from Modi. Modi told him: Never mind that you have called me names
please come to me at any time of the day or night and tell me what problems you want me to
address. Mahesh Bhatt says that he would remember to his last day that Modi had made an
offer for a dialogue but Maulana Madni refused it.

71

I told Mahesh bhai that I too had the same fear: what would my constituency say about
me? However, if you want your community to benefit and your existing constituency is not
receptive, then change your constituency. To be fair to Mahesh Bhatt, he spoke to Maulana
Asad Madni (who was alive at that time) and Asad Madni said that his son Mehmood should
talk to Modi. That did not happen. During the 2006 floods in Gujarat Surat, Anand were
affected. Modi himself went to Surat despite all the filth and sewage. His message was very
clear the relief was to reach everyone including Muslims. The Muslims were very satisfied
with the efforts and when Mahesh Bhatt praised him; his secular friends became his
enemies. Mahesh Bhatt said that he was just saying what he had actually seen happening at
the ground level. There was no discrimination between Hindus and Muslims with regard to
the relief provided by the Gujarat Government.
Today Modi has an active team of highly respected Muslims such as Asifa Khan, A.I. Syed,
Mehboob sahib and many other credible persons. The enlightened Muslims are with the
BJP. The Congress on the other hand prefers to have Muslims who are willing to be
rubberstamps. Asifa, Syed sahib and others worked very hard during the election campaign.
But they would not have been successful without BJP as a whole embracing Muslims and
being proactive in garnering the support of Muslims. All those, who say that he is dictatorial
and authoritarian, are simply off the mark. No one who has engaged with him will say that.

72

6
Heroes of the Secular Brigade
Just as during the festival of Holi, people take a lot of liberties with
each other saying Bura na maano, Holi hai (please dont mind, this
is Holi), so also the new mantra of the Congress party is to respond to
charges of heinous corruption, murders, mayhem, rapes and
instigating riots is: Bura na mano, we are Secular. However, the
pranks people play on Holi are relatively innocent and the play is with
colours. But the Congress is playing a very divisive and bloody game which has life and
death consequences for India and its people.

The mask of secularism is what allows numerous Kamal Naths to continue to reign
supreme in the Congress Party despite their involvement in the 1984 massacre of Sikhs;
this is how Congress Party can overlook thousands of communal and caste riots under
its regimes; this is how Lalu Yadav and Mayawati as valued partners of UPA brazen
out corruption cases against them; this is how a goonda infested party headed by
Mulayam Singh Yadav, charged with massive scams retains the badge of honour
reserved for secular allies of Congress party; this is how Abhishek Manu Singhvi
returns as Congress partys official spokesman despite the most revolting evidence of
him demanding sexual favours from a woman lawyer aspiring to be a Judge of the
Delhi High Court; this is how the Party can justify its alliance with Muslim League in
Kerala; this is how Sonia Gandhi and her relatives get away with using the state
machinery to protect them from countless charges of corruption and crime; this is how
Omar Abdullah keeps getting good character certificates from the Congress High
Command despite having been personally implicated in humungous corruption, large
scale human rights abuses and killings under his regime, including alleged murder of a
senior party colleague. The list of all sins, all crimes justified/forgiven to the Congress
Party and its allies because of the mask of secularism are endless.
A good illustration of this mind set is the sudden propping up of IPS Officer Sanjiv
Bhatt as one of the prime stars of anti Modi Brigade in 2009.

73

On 23rd March 2008, in response to a petition filed by Ehsan

Jafris widow, Zakia Jafri along with Teesta Setalvad, alleging
criminal conspiracy by Narendra Modis government, a
"deliberate and intentional failure" to protect life and property,
and failure to fulfill their constitutional duty, the Supreme Court
appointed a Special Investigation Team (SIT), headed by
former Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) chief R K
Raghavan, to "inquire and investigate" cases relating to the
various incidents connected with 2002 riots. In 2009, the Court
directed the SIT to investigate the actions of Modi and 62 other
people named in Jafris petition. (I will write about this petition
later). It is at this point that Bhatt was brought in as a prime
witness against Modi.

R.K Raghavan

Sanjiv Bhatt made three allegations against Modi in 2009. The Special Investigative
Team appointed and monitored by the Supreme Court of India dismissed each one of
those allegations to be false and motivated. After prolonged and thorough inquiries
among several other reasons cited by the SIT to dismiss Bhatts charges, they noted:

Sanjiv Bhatt has not been able to give any satisfactory explanation why he did
not file an affidavit before Nanavati Commission and also did not appear as a
witness in response to the Govt. circular before any legal authority when he was
in possession of plethora of information and was an eyewitness to some of the
important events. He fails to explain why he did not respond to a public notice
issued by SIT on 11-04-2008. His silence for a period of more than nine years
without any proper explanation appears to be callous and gives an impression
that he is trying to manipulate things to his personal advantage to settle his
service matters. (SIT report page no.35-36)

On being questioned, as to why did he not appear as a witness in response to a

public notice issued by SIT on 11-03-2008, he claimed that he did not disclose
the same to anyone, as it would not have been appropriate on his part to divulge
any information that he was privy to as an Intelligence Officer unless he was
under a legal obligation to do so.

He also stated that he did not file any affidavit or appeared before any
commission or body enquiring into the communal riots of 2002, because he was
not asked by the Govt. of Gujarat, DGP or Addl. DG (Int.) to do so. However,
he denied knowledge as to whether the so called instructions given by the Chief
Minister were passed on to the field units by any of the officers, who had
attended the meeting on 27-02-2002. [He needs to explain who put him under
"legal obligation" to make common cause with anti Modi NGOs and Congress
party to personally target Modi after 9 years of silence].

Instead of succeeding in getting Modi implicated, Sanjiv Bhatt ended up being seriously
indicted by the SIT for his mischief. SIT also took note of criminal cases against Bhatt
which are incidentally all from pre-Modi days. They include charges of recruitment
scam under his charge as SP Banaskanta, abduction, killings and planting narcotics with
a view to blackmail. The SIT report not only lists his past criminal record and dubious
credentials but also concludes after investigating his charges that Bhatt lied and brought
in tutored witnesses to implicate Modi. Gujarat Vigilance Commission recommended
74

twice on 15-07-2002 and 19-10-2006 that Sanjiv Bhatt should be placed under
suspension for his professional misconducts, but Bhatt managed to get stay orders from
the court each time. SIT concludes: it can be inferred that Sanjiv Bhatt is facing a lot
of problems in service matters and has got an axe to grind against the Govt. of Gujarat
and, therefore, his evidence is ill motivated and cannot be relied upon.
But since the media either ignored the SIT report or joined Teesta Setalvad in attacking
SIT and continued repeating the same old hackneyed charges against Modi even after
he was cleared by the SIT report, Bhatt continued being treated as a hero who had taken
on the Hitlerian tyrant Modi.
Congress rewarded Sanjiv Bhatts wife Shweta Bhatt with
a Congress ticket to fight the 2012 election against
Narendra Modi. Shweta Bhatts campaign was run by a
colourful coalition that included Shabnam Hashmis
Anhad, Teesta Setalvads CJP, Togadias VHP, Vinay
Katyars Bajrang Dal and elements of the RSS!
Glimpse into Bhatt's Past History
A batch mate of Sanjiv Bhatt who has known him from the
days of their training at the Lal Bahadur Shastri Academy
Shweta Bhatt with Sanjiv in Mussoorie told me that from the very start he had
Bhatt during an election acquired such a notorious reputation that no self-respecting
campaign rally
trainees wanted to engage with him. Even after he joined
the service, he was shunned by the honest among officers because of his dirty deals and
high handed behaviour.
This is what former Additional Director General Police; AI Syed who was his direct
boss for some time and wrote his first Annual Confidential Report (ACR) had to say
about him:
When I was Superintendent of Police in Mehsana, Sanjiv Bhatt was my
supernumerary. I wrote his first ACR in which I said: He acts first and thinks
later. He really needed to be kept under control. Before he left Mehsana I told
some officers, his actions are so wild he will be in jail someday. That was my
prediction in 1990. He would open fire over petty things. For example, at one time
he fired at a group of youngsters simply because they were gambling. At the time
of 2002 riots, he was nowhere on the scene. He had so many cases and complaints
against him including charges of abduction, extortion and unprovoked firing that
he was not getting a promotion. The Vigilance Commission had recommended his
suspension. But DG Pandey took pity on him. He corrected his ACRs and
promoted him as DIG. He was sent as a training officer near SRP, Junagarh. But
Bhatt wanted to be posted in Ahmedabad. So he decided to create a ruckus. He is
known for using blackmail any time he is in trouble or denied a promotion. Had
he been posted in Ahmedabad, he would have not filed false cases against Modi
and his officers. He is a sirfira (crackpot) type. A man who is callous with his
own parents is not going to be loyal to anyone else. I know him inside out (ragrag jaanta hoon main iski). When his father was lying critically ill in hospital, he
never went to see him once.
75

When Sanjiv Bhatt was posted as SP, Rajpipla in Narmada district, the prince of
Rajpipla invited him to stay for free in a part of his Palace. Even after her got
transferred out of Rajpipla, he refused to vacate the palace. What is worse he had
started an affair with the wife of his benefactor. That was another reason for his
refusal to vacate the Palace. He is essentially a namak haram- never true to the
salt of his benefactors. The DG Police as well as Congress leader Ahmed Patel
had to intervene to get him to vacate the palace.
This is the kind of life he has lived and now he pretends to be the new Mahatma
Gandhi. This is all dirty politics. They are not going to get honest officers to make
false complaints. Only compromised people will do so. The reason is they have
their share in everything. They have gobbled up enormous loads of money in the
name of helping riot victims. For that they need to keep the Muslim community in
a state of siege.
A senior official told me: Sanjiv Bhatt was always given inconsequential postings to
minimise his nuisance value and harmful tendencies. Another senior bureaucrat said:
Bhatt has a long track record of blackmailing not just people under his charge but
also his fellow officers and bosses. Every time he gets into trouble, he resorts to
blackmail. In all his postings, he committed plenty of high handed acts. Most
people are terrified of filing cases against police officers because they have the
power and clout to ruin your life. But three serious criminal cases filed against
him reached the courts. But Bhatt is a past master in getting stay orders in cases
against him. That is why action could not be taken against him; despite a very
unsavoury track record and even after the Vigilance Commission ordered his
suspension. Since Bhatt is a Gujarati and there are very few Gujaratis in
bureaucracy, Bhatt is able to play on Gujarati connections to escape punishment.
This time round Supreme Court came to his rescue by giving a stay order on
Bhatts trial.
I provide relevant sections of the SIT report indicting Bhatt for his pre-2002
misdemeanours that resulted in criminal cases against him as well as his testimony
against Modi. Sections marked in blue are my comments. The rest of the paras are
staright from SIT report with minor editorial changes in the interest of brevity.
Criminal Complaints Against Sanjiv Bhatt
1. Atrocities on Villagers, Jam Jodhpur:
While handling law and order situation during his posting as ASP Jamnagar in the
year 1990, Sanjiv Bhatt committed atrocities on peaceful and innocent villagers
belonging to a particular community at a place called Jam Jodhpur. In the beatings by
police, one person was killed. The victims included a pregnant woman, two assistant
engineers of Irrigation Department and one Circle Officer of the Revenue
Department.

Bhatt applied provisions of the draconian Terrorist and Disruptive Activities Act
(TADA) against innocent persons and arrested 140 individuals under this Act. Due to
public pressure, the Government got an inquiry conducted by a retired Judicial Officer
into the incident, Bhatt was found guilty of (a) misuse of TADA (b) police atrocities
76

and (c) unnecessary imposition of curfew for 70 hours leading to hardship and
harassment to the people.

Criminal case of death of a person due to police atrocities in the incident was
investigated by State CID (Crime) against Sanjiv Bhatt and others. After completion
of investigation, the Investigating Officer sought prosecution sanction from the
Government u/s 197 Cr.PC, which was declined and therefore, a closure report was
filed in the competent court. However, the Court rejected the closure report on
20.12.1995 and took independent cognizance of the offence. The State Government
filed a Criminal Revision Application in the Sessions Court, which was rejected.

The case u/s 302, 323, 506(1), 114 of IPC has now been committed to the Sessions
Court, Jamnagar and is presently pending with the Fast Track Court, Khambhalia for
framing of charges against Sanjiv Bhatt and others. Gujarat High Court had awarded a
compensation of Rs.1, 50,000/- to the victim who had died due to police atrocities in
the above case.

2. Abduction, Planting Narcotics and Blackmail:

Another criminal complaint was filed against Sanjiv Bhatt, while he was posted as SP;
Banaskantha District in 1996 by Sumersingh Rajpurohit, an Advocate practicing at
Pali, Rajasthan and a criminal case was registered against Bhatt & others.

On completion of the investigation, the charge sheet was filed against Sanjiv Bhatt &
others u/s 114, 120B, 323, 342, 348, 357, 365, 368, 388, 452, 201 & 482 IPC and Sec.
9, 17, 18, 29, 58 (1) & 58 (2) r/w Sec. 37 of NDPS Act in the court of Spl. Judge,
NDPS Act, Jodhpur, Rajasthan.

The allegations in brief are that the complainant Advocate was occupying a property
as a tenant in Pali (Rajasthan), which was owned by a lady, who happened to be a
sister of R. R. Jain, a sitting Judge of Gujarat High Court.

As per this criminal complaint Sanjiv Bhatt and his subordinate police officers
allegedly planted 1 kg of a narcotic drug in a room of a hotel at Palanpur, Gujarat,
which was falsely shown as having been occupied by Rajpurohit, though he was at
Pali (Rajasthan) at that time. The Advocate was abducted at midnight on the
instructions of Sanjiv Bhatt by his subordinate police officers of Gujarat police, who
went from Palanpur, Gujarat to Pali (Rajasthan) to abduct him.

Advocate Rajpurohit was brought to Palanpur, Gujarat and pressurized by Sanjiv

Bhatt and his subordinate police officers to vacate the said property by showing him
arrested under the Anti- Narcotics law, NDPS. While in the custody of Gujarat Police
and due to police torture, Rajpurohit vacated the property and physical possession of
the property was handed over to the sister of RR. Jain, Judge of Gujarat High Court.

Sanjiv Bhatt and his subordinate police officers thereafter released Sumersingh
Rajpurohit on 08-05-1996, by filing a report u/s 169 Cr.PC, in which it was
mentioned that Sumersingh could not be identified in the Test Identification Parade.
The case was essentially filed to blackmail Rajpurohit into vacating the property.
Once the purpose was achieved, Rajpurohit was freed and the false case against him
withdrawn.
77

Quashing Petitions were filed in this matter by Sanjiv Bhatt and associates in
Rajasthan and Gujarat High Court, but the same had been dismissed. The matter is
now pending before the Supreme Court of India.

On the complaint of Sidheshwar Puri, Secretary, Bar Association, Pali (Rajasthan),

National Human Rights Commission taking a very serious view of this false case
under NDPS Act vide its order dated 15-09-2010 asked Govt. of Gujarat to pay a sum
of Rs. one lakh as monetary relief to Advocate Sumersingh. A charge sheet served
upon him on 29-12-2010, for irregularities in police recruitment under his
chairmanship as SP, Banaskantha is still pending.

Teesta Setalvad

[It is noteworthy that the Judge R.R Jain on whose behalf Bhatt carried
out a series of criminal acts was demoted and suspended. He retired
under suspension. But Bhatt got a stay order from the Supreme Court
claiming immunity on the plea that he did all those acts in his "official
capacity". Therefore, he cannot be tried for them. Bhatt has remained
unscathed thus far. Thanks to the generous help provided to him by the
Congress Party and well-heeled NGO of Teesta Setalvad, he has gotten
stay orders in all other cases as well with Setalvads organization
alleging that vindictive Modi is persecuting honest officers like
Bhatt. This despite the fact that all these criminal cases were filed
against Bhatt much before Modi became CM. ]

Extracts from the SIT report on Sanjiv Bhatts allegations:

Allegation No.1: Narendra Modi wanted Muslims to be taught a lesson.

Sanjiv Bhatt claimed to have attended a late night meeting of 27-02-2002 called by
the Chief Minister at his residence around 23:00 hours about which he was
supposedly intimated by State IB Control Room and State Police Control Room that
K. Chakravarthi, the then DGP wanted him to accompany the latter in the said
meeting.

Sanjiv Bhatt claims that he accompanied K. Chakravarthi in the latters car from
DGPs office to CMs residence and attended the said meeting, which was also
attended by Incharge Chief Secretary Swarna Kanta Varma, ACS (Home) Ashok
Narayan, Anil Mukim, the then Addl. PS to CM, P. C. Pande, the then CP,
Ahmedabad City and K. Nityanandam, the then Secretary (Home). However, he is
unable to recollect, as to whether P. K. Mishra, the then Principal Secretary to CM
was present in the said meeting or not. Sanjiv Bhatt has claimed that he mentioned the
fact of having attended the said meeting on 27-02-2002 night in his movement diary.

According to him, in this meeting the CM impressed upon the gathering that-for too
long the Gujarat Police had been following the principle of balancing the actions
against the Hindus and Muslims while dealing with the communal riots in Gujarat.
This time the situation warranted that the Muslims be taught a lesson to ensure that
such incidents do not recur ever again.

78

Reasons provided by SIT to dismiss Bhatt as a liar:

Seven senior administrative and police officers who actually attended the meeting-namely Ashok Narayan, the then ACS (Home), P. K. Mishra, the then Principal
Secretary to CM, K. Chakravarthi, the then DGP, P. C. Pande, the then CP,
Ahmedabad City, Anil Mukim, the then Addl. PS to CM, K. Nityanandam, the then
Secretary (Home) and Prakash S. Shah, the then Addl. Secretary (L&O), who had
been earlier examined during 2009-10 have categorically stated that Sanjiv Bhatt, the
then DCI (Security) was not present in the said meeting held at CMs residence on 2702-2002 night since his portfolio as a junior officer of SP level did not qualify him to
attend the meeting at CMs residence, especially when the concerned officials, O. P.
Mathur, the then IGP (Admn. & Sec.) and Upadhyay, the then DCI (Communal) were
available..

All the above mentioned officers who participated in the meeting held on 27-02-2002,
refuted Bhatts charge that the Chief Minister asked his officers to let Hindu teach
Muslims a lesson for Godhra violence.

K.Chakravarthi, the then DGP has categorically denied having given any
instructions to Sanjiv Bhatt, the then DCI (Security) to attend the aforesaid meeting.
He has further stated that Sanjiv Bhatt did not accompany him to CMs residence in
his car from DGs office, as he (DGP) did not visit office at that time. He has also
stated that in case Raiger, Addl. DG (Intelligence) was available at Ahmedabad; he
would have given instructions to State Control Room to call him. According to
Chakravarthi even otherwise, O. P. Mathur, the then IGP (Admn. & Sec.) was
available and Upadhyay, DCI (Communal) resumed his duties in the evening, who
could have been called to attend the meeting rather than asking Sanjiv Bhatt, a junior
officer of SP level to attend the said meeting.

Call detail records of the Government mobile phone no.9825049398 allotted to Sanjiv
Bhatt show that on 27-02-2002, Sanjiv Bhatt remained at Ahmedabad till about 1120
hrs and returned to Ahmedabad at 1925 hrs. He attended to various calls till 2040 hrs
and thereafter, there is no record of any calls made or received by him. (SIT page
no.34).The meeting at CMs residence was called at 10:30 PM after the CM returned
from Godhra. The call records indicate that Bhatt did not receive any summons to
attend any meeting that night

G.C .Raiger, the then Addl. DG (Intelligence) has stated that there was no such
system of submitting any monthly movement diary by DCI and that Sanjiv Bhatt had
never submitted any such diary. Raiger denied having received any information about
the meeting from either the State IB Control Room, State Control Room or even
Sanjiv Bhatt, the then DCI (Security)G. C. Raiger, has also stated that Sanjiv Bhatt
was never posted as Staff Officer to Addl. DG (Int.), because there is no post like that
in the State IB. Further, Sanjiv Bhatt could not have been a Staff Officer to the DGP,
as Late V. S. Shinde, Dy.SP was posted as Staff Officer to the DGP. Raiger also
stated that once in a while Sanjiv Bhatt used to accompany him in the meetings called
by the Chief Minister, but was made to wait outside with the relevant files/
information and did not join the meetings. Raiger has also stated that on 28-02-2002,
he did come to know about the meeting called by the Chief Minister at his residence
on 27-02-2002, but Sanjiv Bhatt did not inform him of having attended the said
meeting and also about its agenda or the matters discussed in the said meeting.
79

R. B. Sreekumar formerly ADGP Intelligence stated

that at the time of filing an affidavit before Nanavati
Shah Inquiry Commission, he had asked all the
officers of State IB to provide him with the relevant
information and documents in respect of Godhra riots
but Sanjiv Bhatt did not give him any information
about the said meeting. In his interview given to
Hindi news channel (HNC), Star at 12.35 hrs on
22.04.2011 Sreekumar claims that Sanjiv Bhatt never
informed him about having attended a meeting at
R.B Sreekumar
CMs residence on 27.02.2002. According to
Sreekumar, Sanjiv Bhatt was handling security portfolio and communal portfolio was
being looked after by another officer. Sreekumar has also stated in the interview that
it was a normal procedure that if a junior officer had attended a meeting on behalf of
a senior, he was required to submit a report to his superior and that G. C. Raigar, the
then ADGP (Int.) should be asked about it. As already stated above, Raigar has denied
having received any information/ report from Sanjiv Bhatt in this regard.

[The malafide intent of Bhatts and Kumars allegations about Modi having asked the police
to let Hindus vent anger is proven by the actual statements issued by Narendra Modi on
Doordarshan at 7 pm on 28.02.2002 and in the press on the first two days are at complete
variance with Bhatts allegation.]
I share the grief of the people of Gujarat but the solution does not lie in non-peace,
non-restraint or venting out of anger.. I pray with folded hands that this is the
time for maintaining peace, the need is to control the nerves..
Today, this the time for maintaining peace. It is necessary to maintain self-control.
We are determined to punish those who are guilty and they will not be spared.
Will you not help to save Gujarat? Come and help Government. Government is
requesting for help. Government is seeking your help to punish the guilty through law.
Amidst your anger I pray you to display the unique characteristic of Gujarat-of
showing restraint and maintaining peace during adversities. Come, let us serve
Gujarat through peace and self-control, let us strengthen the arms of law..
The entire country shares our grief but the responsibility to maintain peace and
restraint is ours. I understand your anger, your pain but in the interest of Gujarat, to
see that its future doesnt get ruined, to ensure that Gujarat doesnt get a blot on its
face, it is necessary that five crore Gujarati keep calm and exercise selfrestraint.It is our responsibility that the lives of innocent are not put at
stake...
Ver ver this ham tu nathi (Hatred is never won over by hatred)
My fervent appeal to the people of the state is that the time has come to strengthen
the hands of law and maintain peace. I pray to the people that they will help in
bringing those involved in violence to book.(Ahmedabad / dt.28/2/2002)

80

All the participants of the meeting held on 27-02-2002, namely Swarna Kanta Varma,
the then Chief Secretary in-charge, Ashok Narayan, the then ACS (Home), K.
Chakravarthi, the then Director General Police, Anil Mukim, the then Addl. Private
Secretary to Chief Minister, P. C. Pande, the then Commissioner Police, Ahmedabad
City and K. Nityanandam, the then Secretary (Home) denied any such words uttered
by the Chief Minister.

All those who attended the meeting stated that the Chief Minister expressed the
apprehension that the Godhra incident was very serious and bound to affect the public
at large, as a result of which there could be repercussions and therefore, adequate
bandobast was needed to avoid any untoward incident.

Sanjiv Bhatt tutored witnesses to support his claim of attending the meeting called by
the CM at his residence on 27-02-2003. Sanjiv Bhatts first witness K.D Panth denied
that he followed Sanjiv Bhatt to the meeting and Bhatts second witness Shailesh
Raval sent a written complaint to the SIT fearing reprisal from Sanjiv Bhatt for his
unwillingness to make false statements to the SIT. The only witness Tarachand
Yadav, who supported Sanjiv Bhatts claim, had been dismissed from service on
charge of getting employment through false and forged certificates. Therefore SIT
concluded that his testimony cannot be relied on since Tarachand could well be
settling scores with the Government for his dismissal. (More details regarding these
witnesses are given below).
Another prime witness produced by Teesta Setalvad was R. B. Sreekumar, the then
Addl. DG (Int.). He had claimed that K. Chakravarthi, the then DGP had informed
him on 28-02-2002 that the Chief Minister had allegedly said in the meeting that,
Komi Hullado Ma Tame Police Barabari Korocho Tame Be Hindu Ne Pakdo To
Tame Be Musalmano Ne Pan Pakdocho. Have Em Nahi Chale Hinduono Gusso
Uttarwa Do. (In communal riots police takes action against Hindus and Muslims on
one to one basis. This will not do now- allow Hindus to give vent to their anger).
Chakravarthi has denied that he held any such talks with R. B. Sreekumar. Even
otherwise, the version of R. B. Sreekumar becomes hearsay and inadmissible in view
of denial of K. Chakravarthi.

SIT concludes that Assuming for the time being that the Chief Minister did make
some utterances, there is a material difference between the two versions in as much as
Sanjiv Bhatt has tried to improve his version by way of addition that this time the
situation warranted, that the Muslims be taught a lesson to ensure that such incidents
do not recur ever again. Since the version of R.B. Sreekumar is on hearsay basis and
the testimony of Sanjiv Bhatt does not have any corroboration, no reliance can be
placed on either of them.

81

Allegation No.2: CM was reluctant to call in the army on 28th February morning
Sanjiv Bhatt has claimed to have attended a second meeting at CMs residence on 28-022002 at about 1030 hrs along with G. C. Raiger, the then Addl. DG (Int.), in which the
deployment of manpower during the Gujarat bandh was discussed to monitor the developing
situation and that this meeting was also attended by K. Chakravarthi, the then DGP, Anil
Mukim, the then Addl. PS to CM, Late Ashok Bhatt, the then Health Minister and I. K.
Jadeja, the then Urban Development Minister.

Bhatt has further stated that on the conclusion of the said meeting, the Chief Minister
had instructed the DGP that Late Ashok Bhatt and I. K. Jadeja would be assisting the
police in monitoring the situation and that all necessary assistance must be rendered to
the ministers. Sanjiv Bhatt has also stated that CM had not specifically instructed as
to how the ministers would assist the police.
Further, according to Sanjiv Bhatt, the issue relating to the requisitioning of the Army
was also discussed on the basis of the suggestions given by DGP and Addl. DG (Int.),
but the Chief Minister seemed to be reluctant and was of the view that they should
wait and watch, as to how the situation developed and not rush for the requisitioning
of Army.

[This charge is also belied by the speed with which Modi government deployed the army to
quell the riots. The first death due to rioting is reported at 12 noon on 28th February. By 2 pm
a fax message was sent to the Home Minister for deployment of the Army. The very same
evening the Defence Minister arrived in Ahmedabad and met the CM at 10:30 PM. By the
next morning 11 am (that is within 20 hours of the first riot related death, the army had been
fully deployed under the personal supervision of the Defence Minister. The State government
provided full logistical support including 32 Executive Magistrates, 131 vehicles, 18 mobiles
phones, as well as liaison and escort officers for the army.]

Sanjiv Bhatt has claimed to have received information about a mob attack on Gulberg
Society around 1130 hrs on 28-02-2002, and he had deputed Police Inspector
Bharwad of Ahmedabad Regional Office located in Meghaninagar to go to Gulberg
Society, to report on the developing situation and inform the State IB. According to
Bhatt, he had conveyed these developments to DGP and Addl. DG (Int.) personally.

In view of the fact that Late Ehsan Jafri, Ex-MP was residing in the Gulberg Society,
Bhatt claimed to have telephonically conveyed the details about the developing
situation to the Chief Minister directly. However, he does not recollect, as to whether
he had spoken to the Chief Minister over landline or over the mobile phone of O. P.
Singh, PA to CM.

Sanjiv Bhatt has claimed to have attended another meeting at CMs residence on
28.02.2002 afternoon for the assessment of the on-going situation, which was
attended to by ACS (Home), DGP, Addl. DG (Int.), and Secretary (Home), in which
the Chief Minister had agreed to send a formal requisition to Govt. of India for
deployment of Army. He has claimed that he briefed the Chief Minister about the ongoing developments at Gulberg Society and also about the threat to the life of Late
Ehsan Jafri and other residents of the Gulberg Society.

82

Bhatt went so far as to claim that the Chief Minister took him aside after the meeting
and informed him that he had learnt that Late Ehsan Jafri had opened fire on Hindus
during earlier communal riots. According to Sanjiv Bhatt, the Chief Minister asked
him to dig out all the facts pertaining to earlier instances, wherein Late Ehsan Jafri
had opened fire during the past communal riots. Bhatt claimed that he conveyed these
facts to G. C. Raiger, the then Addl. DG (Int.).

However, Bhatt stated that he could not check/ collect this information as he remained
busy with certain urgent matters connected with the riots. He denied that he submitted
any report in this regard to his department and claimed that he had attended this
meeting as a Staff Officer to the DGP or Addl. DG (Int.).

Reasons provided by SIT to dismiss Bhatt as a liar:

According to R.B Sreekumar, formerly ADGP Intelligence on 28-02-2002, Sanjiv

Bhatt remained at Ahmedabad till 1057 hrs and then returned to Ahmedabad at 2056
hrs. The claim of Sanjiv Bhatt that he had attended a meeting at CMs residence on
28-02-2002, at 1030 hrs is therefore proved to be false and incorrect. CMs residence
is at Gandhinagar, more than 25 Kilometres from Ahmedabad, and normally takes 30
to 45 minutes to reach there.

Sanjiv Bhatts further claim that he had seen Late Ashok Bhatt and I. K. Jadeja, the
then Ministers in the DGPs office at about 1100 hrs on 28-02-2002, is also belied
from the call detail records in as much as the location of the mobile phone of Sanjiv
Bhatt was at Prerna Tower, Vastrapur1, Ahmedabad, which happened to be at a
distance of 1.5 Kms approximately from his residence and Bhatt could not have
reached Police Bhavan, Gandhinagar before 1130 hrs by any stretch of imagination.
Moreover, his contention is also proved to be false from the statement of Ashok
Narayan, the then ACS (Home), who denied that the two ministers were present in the
said meeting. His subsequent conduct of getting his statement corroborated by way of
introduction of two police personnel would also go to show that he is trying to
introduce himself into the meeting.

C. J. Bharwad the then PI, State IB, and Ahmedabad Region who was actually at
ground zero has stated that on 28-02-2002, he had gone to Gulberg Society,
Meghaninagar after getting information about the riotous mobs and passed on the
various information reports collected by him to State IB Control Room. He has further
stated that around 1215 hrs on 28-02-2002, he had sent a message to State IB Control
Room that since Muslims reside in Gulberg Society in Meghaninagar area, a strict
watch should be kept there. Bharwad contradicted the statement made by Sanjiv Bhatt
and has denied to have any telephonic discussions with him about the situation in
Gulberg Society in as much as the subject concerned the Communal Desk of IB
being looked after by P. B.Upadhyay, the then DCI (Communal).He has further stated
to have passed on a message at 1450 hrs on 28-02-2002, that a mob of 3000 rioters
had surrounded Gulberg Society. On 28-02-2002 itself, he had passed on another
message at 1700 hrs that a mob of 5000 rioters had surrounded and set fire to the
Gulberg Society, in which several persons including Late Ehsan Jafri, Ex-MP had
been burnt alive and that police deployment was required.

83

The version of Bharwad belies the testimony of Sanjiv Bhatt, the then DCI (Security),
who has claimed that he had given directions to Bharwad to go to the Gulberg Society
and give the latest updates and that Bharwad was in constant touch with him.

Sanjiv Bhatt has claimed that in view of the threat of life to Ehsaan Jafri he had
telephonically conveyed to the CM about the developing situation in Gulberg society.
However, the SIT concluded that Notably there is no practice in Gujarat of SP
level officers speaking directly to CM over phone

Most important of all, the SIT investigations led it to conclude that: Sanjiv Bhatt is a
tainted witness and therefore, cannot be relied upon keeping in view his background
in the police department as he was involved in criminal cases of serious nature and
departmental inquiries are also in progress against him. [page 179]

[While these investigations were still on, SIT was provided proof of Bhatts regular dealings
with the Congress Party leaders and its allied NGOs and journalists. In one such e-mail, Bhatt
asked Gujarat Leader of Opposition Shaktisinh Gohil that he was eagerly awaiting both the
packages and that he was still awaiting the Blackberry (See The Indian Express report
dated July 31, 2011). It is widely alleged that Blackberry was a euphemism for the payment
Bhatt used to receive from Gohil. ]
Allegation No 3: Sanjiv Bhatt claimed that the CM decided to bring the dead bodies of
victims of Godhra train fire incident to Ahmedabad and parade them in Ahmedabad
City with a view to provoking riots against Muslims.

Bhatt has also stated that P. C. Pande, the then CP, Ahmedabad City had strongly
opposed the Govt. decision for the transportation of dead bodies of Godhra victims to
Ahmedabad as the same was likely to lead to serious communal riots in Ahmedabad
City and these views were supported by K. Chakravarthi, the then DGP.

According to Sanjiv Bhatt, Chakravarthi had conveyed to CM that the available

resources of Gujarat Police were over stretched to cope with the Law & Order
situation that was likely to arise in the wake of bandh call given by the VHP on the
next day and had expressed his inability to supplement the manpower resources of
CP, Ahmedabad City.

Sanjiv Bhatt has further claimed that he expressed his opinion against the decision of
BJP to support the bandh call given by VHP and also the decision of the
administration to bring the dead bodies of the victims from Godhra to Ahmedabad
City. He claims to have expressed a view that the taking out of the funeral procession
of the victims in the respective areas would lead to major communal violence in
Ahmedabad City and other communally sensitive areas across the State

Bhatt further stated that DGP and CP, Ahmedabad City tried to impress upon the
Chief Minister that the bandh call given by VHP on 28-02-2002, which was supported
by the ruling party BJP was not a good idea, as far as the Law & Order situation of the
State was concerned but the Chief Minister did not seem to be convinced by their
arguments and stated that the incident like burning of kar-sevaks at Godhra could not
be tolerated.

84

Reasons provided by SIT to dismiss Bhatts charges as false and malafide:

All the participants of the said meeting have categorically stated that Sanjiv Bhatt did
not attend the said meeting neither his seniority nor his job profile narrated his
presence in a Chief Ministerial meeting. Therefore there was no question of his
opposing the bringing of dead bodies.

K. Chakravarthi, has stated that he had gone to studios of Doordarshan, Ahmedabad

City on 27-02-2002 late in the evening, for the telecast of an appeal to the general
public to maintain communal harmony and peace, when he received a message from
State Control Room that CM had called for a meeting at his residence at Gandhinagar
around 22:30 hrs. He has stated that he straight away went to CMs residence at
Gandhinagar and reached there a little earlier and waited as CM had not arrived from
Godhra by that time.

The bodies of Godhra victims were brought in the dead of night under police escort
because the relatives of the dead lived in or around Ahmedabad. They were taken to
Sola hospital on the outskirts of Ahmedabad, instead of the Civil Hospital in the city
centre in order to avoid commotion. These bodies reached Ahmedabad a little before
4 a.m.

P.C Pande, the then CP, Ahmedabad City has stated that the sum and substance of the
meeting was that the dead bodies were being brought to Ahmedabad City with a view
to facilitate the relatives of the deceased to identify and claim the same. He also stated
that on 27-02-2002, he did not know that the bandh was supported by the BJP and
came to know about it only on 28-02-2002, through the newspaper reports.

K. Chakravarthi, the then DGP has stated that the decision of the Govt. to bring the
dead bodies of Godhra victims at Ahmedabad City was not opposed by anyone on the
ground that a large number of victims belonged to Ahmedabad and nearby places,
which were easily approachable from Ahmedabad.

In response to Sanjiv Bhatts contention that both DGP and CP, Ahmedabad City had
tried to impress upon the Chief Minister that the bandh call given by the VHP on 2802-2002, which was supported by the ruling party BJP was not a good idea as far as
the Law & Order situation of the State was concerned and that the Chief Minister was
not convinced by their arguments. K. Chakravarthi, the then DGP has stated that in
the night of 27-02-2002, he did not know that the bandh call given by the VHP was
supported by the ruling party BJP and as such there was no question of any such
opposition by him.

The following facts also debunk Bhatt's charge that bodies of Godhra victims were brought to
Ahmedabad with the purpose of provoking communal violence. Civil Surgeon Sola Hospital
certified that dead bodies of 54 persons were received in Sola hospital around 3.30 a.m on
28th. Since the post mortem had already been conducted at Godhra Hosiptal, no post mortem
was conducted on 28th morning.

85

According to a senior official who was involved in post Godhra management:

The 54 bodies had to be brought to Ahmedabad because the families of these persons
lived in and around Ahmedabad city. Bodies were brought in a vehicle escorted by
police personnel who were replaced thrice during the journey of 130 km.

If the families off all these 54 had gone to Godhra to claim the dead bodies, there was
likelihood of more tension and clashes since Godhra has a history of being volatile
with a communally charged Muslim population. After the burning of Sabarmati
Express coaches large numbers of people kept pouring in to enquire about the injured
and dead. If the relatives of all the 54 persons came to Godhra in a surcharged
atmospher, it could have created a serious problem.

Given the tense situation in the state, curfew had already been imposed in certain
areas of Gujarat. This would have created added trouble for these families if they had
to travel to Godhra to claim dead bodies.

The decision to bring the dead bodies of the people of Ahmedabad region was not
taken by CM alone as alleged by Bhatt and Shreekumar. It was taken unanimously by
all officials present at Godhra in consultation with Godhra District Magistrate, Jayanti
Ravi who in her deposition before the SIT strongly denied the charge by Shreekumar
that she was opposed to sending of those bodies to Ahmadabad.

Contrary to allegations by Teesta's organisation, no big mob had collected at 4 am

outside Sola hospital However, several state government officials were present with
their support staff to receive the dead bodies

35 bodies were handed over to relatives who came and identified their family
members. Relatives and security forces accomapnied the dead bodies to crematorium.
In some places several hundred onlookers gathered but there was no untoward
incident because of transportation and cremation of these bodies in Ahmedabad.

It is a general practice in Gujarat to hand over unclaimed, unknown bodies to local

NGOs or social organizations. Since there were no family claimants, 19 bodies had to
be handed over to VHP for the last rites since they were part of the VHP contingent
on the ill fated Sabarmati Express. A tehsildar accompanied the dead bodies along
with police escort. These 19 unclaimed bodies were given mass cremation behind
Sola Hospital at Gota Gaon in the presence of RMO and other officers of Sola
Hospital. Municipal Councillor Jagdish Patel, was also present during this cremation
along with a contingent of police.

Bhatts Attempts at Marshalling False Witnesses:

Sanjiv Bhatt, on his own and without being summoned came to the office of the SIT
on 25-03-2011, i.e. two days after the recording of his statement, along with one
constable named K. D. Panth and requested that his (Bhatts) further statement
should be recorded by SIT. In his further statement, Sanjiv Bhatt mentioned the
names of two Assistant Intelligence Officers (AIOs) namely, Shailesh Raval and K.
D. Panth, who used to accompany him to most of the meetings.

86

He further stated that subsequent to the recording of his statement by SIT, he has now
been able to recollect that K. D. Panth had followed him to CMs residence with the
files in his staff car from DGPs office, whereas he had accompanied DGP K.
Chakravarthi in the latters staff car. He added that K. D. Panth returned with him in
his car to Police Bhavan and remained in the office till late in the night and attended
to urgent official work.

Sanjiv Bhatt told SIT that in 2002 Tarachand Yadav was his driver who is presently
attached to V. K. Mall, Joint Director, Gujarat Police Academy, Karai, Gandhinagar.
Sanjiv Bhatt also disclosed that as DCI (Security), he was using the Govt. mobile
phone no. 98250 49398.

After Sanjiv Bhatts further statement was recorded at his own request on 25-03-2011,
he insisted that K. D. Panth, who was accompanying him and was waiting outside,
should also be examined in his presence.

The SIT team found this insistence an indication of Bhatts dubious intent and refused
to succumb to this pressure. Bhatt was informed that K. D. Panth would be called on a
date convenient to the IO and examined independently and not in Bhatts presence.
Accordingly, Panth was informed on 04-04-2011, to attend SIT office on 05-04-2011,
for his examination.

K. D. Panth in his examination has stated that:

He was on casual leave on 27-02-2002 and has denied that he followed Sanjiv Bhatt,
the then DCI (Security) to CMs residence on 27-02-2002 night.

However, he has stated that Sanjiv Bhatt had called him to his residence on 24-032011 night and informed that he was going to make a statement before the SIT that he
(K. D. Panth) had gone to attend a meeting at CMs residence on 27-02-2002 night,
and that he had been called at State IB office and to be ready with the files for the said
meeting. Sanjiv Bhatt further informed Panth that he should accompany him to SIT
office on 25-03-2011, and make a statement about the said meeting.

During his examination, Panth further stated that Sanjiv Bhatt called him at his
residence on 04-04-2011 at 2030 hrs, where he told him about the statement Bhatt had
made before the SIT naming Panth as the man who accompanied him to the CMs
residence. Sanjiv Bhatt asked Panth to make a statement accordingly.

This conduct of Sanjiv Bhatt in arranging, prompting and controlling the witness to
corroborate his statement is highly suspicious and undesirable.

Panth had filed a criminal case of intimidation against Bhatt in 2010. As soon as the Gujarat
Government began investigations, Bhatt managed to get a stay order from the Supreme
Court. So the case is at a dead end.
Tushar Mehta: Additional Advocate General of Gujarat also filed a criminal complaint under
the Information Technology Act against Sanjiv Bhatt for hacking his e-mail account and
stealing his documents in 2010. Once again, Bhatt got s stay order from the Supreme Court.
So this too can't proceed

87

Shailesh Raval:

Sanjiv Bhatt also contacted Shailesh Raval on 28-03-2011/ 29-03-2011, over mobile
phone no. 9825688223 of N. J. Chauhan, a clerk in CMs Security and informed him
that he would be called by SIT for his examination.

Sanjiv Bhatt also asked Shailesh Raval that he had worked with him in Security
Branch for a long time and was aware that he (Sanjiv Bhatt) used to attend meetings,
to which Raval reacted by saying that he had accompanied him in Border Security
Nodal Committee meetings, which used to deal with the Border Security only. Raval
told Sanjiv Bhatt that he never worked in the Communal Branch and was not aware of
anything about it. Sanjiv Bhatt thereafter disconnected the phone.

Shailesh Raval, PI later sent a complaint in writing to the Chairman, SIT that he
feared reprisal from Sanjiv Bhatt as he had refused to support the false claims of
Bhatt. This is yet another attempt on the part of Sanjiv Bhatt to tutor a witness to
depose in a particular manner so as to support the statement made by him, which
further makes his claim of having attended the meeting at CMs residence on 27-022002, false.

Tarachand B. Yadav, driver constable in SRP Group-XII:

He had been dismissed from service on the charge of getting employment in Gujarat
Police on the basis of false and forged certificate. Yadav stated that he used to drive
the staff car allotted to Sanjiv Bhatt, the then DCI (Security) during February-March,
2002. However, he does not remember the registration number of the staff car.

Yadav could not remember the name of Personal Security Officer of Sanjiv Bhatt, the
then DCI (Security). However, he has stated that he recollects that Sanjiv Bhatt, the
then DCI (Security) had gone to CMs residence in a three star car with either DGP or
some ADGP from Police Bhavan and that he had followed him in his staff car, in
which K.D. Panth, the then AIO, State IB sat with some files.

He has also stated that Sanjiv Bhatt, the then DCI (Security) returned after about 25
minutes and he took him to Police Bhavan, where he worked till midnight i.e. 0030
hrs and then drove him back to his residence at Ahmedabad. Yadav could not say as
to whether Sanjiv Bhatt, the then DCI (Security) accompanied DGP or some ADGP
rank officer.

He has denied knowledge, as to whether Sanjiv Bhatt went inside CMs office to
attend the meeting or not, as he was waiting outside.

Yadav has also stated that on 28-02-2002, Sanjiv Bhatt reached Police Bhavan at
about 0900 hrs and worked in his office and did not go out to attend any meeting at
CMs house. He added that on 28-02-2002, he started from Gandhinagar in the
evening and dropped Sanjiv Bhatt at his residence at about 1900 hrs. However, he
could not recollect the details of the various events of 1st, 2nd& 3rd March, 2002 due
to passage of time.

88

The version of Tarachand B. Yadav is unreliable due to his background. He has

been dismissed from service due to his own misconduct.

Moreover, he has admitted to have gone to the residence of Sanjiv Bhatt, the then DCI
(Security) on 17-04-2011 afternoon, for getting a briefing before making a statement
in SIT. The call details of his mobile phone clearly show that he was in touch with
Sanjiv Bhatt, the then DCI (Security) during April, 2011.

Even when he was being interrogated in SIT office, Sanjiv Bhatt was repeatedly
contacting him over his mobile phone, to which he was not allowed to respond.

In addition, the version of Tarachand Yadav about the movements of Sanjiv Bhatt on
28-02-2002, are proved to be false in as much as Sanjiv Bhatt did not come to
Gandhinagar at 0900 hrs, as the call detail records of his official mobile phone show
his location at Ahmedabad City till 1057 hrs.

Significantly, K. D. Panth, the then AIO, State IB, in his examination by SIT has
denied that he (Panth) had accompanied Sanjiv Bhatt to CMs residence on 27-022002.

Tarachand Yadav further contradicts the version of Sanjiv Bhatt, who claims to have
attended a meeting on 28-02-2002 at 1030 hrs, at CMs residence.

The overall impression left after his examination is that Sanjiv Bhatt has introduced
him as a false witness with a view to corroborate his own version about having
attended a meeting at CMs residence on 27-02-2002 night, whereas in fact
Tarachand Yadav does not recollect anything about the events of 27-02-2002
onwards.

Moreover, he is a motivated witness, who has got an axe to grind against the Govt. on
account of his dismissal from service. In view of this no reliance can be placed upon
his evidence.

During further investigation, PSOs of the then DGP K. Chakravarthi were examined.
PSI Dilip Jivaram Ahir and Head Constable Dharampal Jagaram Yadav stated that
they had never seen Sanjiv Bhatt sitting in the vehicle along with DGP.

Hatching Conspiracies with Congress leaders, NGOs and journalists: On the Conduct
of Sanjiv Bhatt during the SIT Investigation and the Supreme Court Case
A set of emails exchanged between Sanjiv Bhatt, DIG, Gujarat Police and certain individuals
during April & May 2011 were provided to the SIT team by Gujarat govt. These emails show
that during the course of an inquiry instituted against Sanjiv Bhatt, IPS by DG (Civil
Defence), Gujarat regarding misuse of official resources, some revelations have been made
having direct bearing on the cases being monitored by SIT.

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After scrutinizing the emails, SIT records the following salient facts (page no. 312-315):

That top Congress Leaders of Gujarat namely Shaktisinh Gohil, Leader of Opposition
in Gujarat Legislative Assembly and Arjun Modhvadia, President of Gujarat Pradesh
Congress Committee are in constant touch with Sanjiv Bhatt, DIG. They are
providing him packages, certain materials and also legal assistance. Further, on 2804-2011, Sanjiv Bhatt exchanged mails with Shaktisinh Gohil and the former gave
points for arguments in Supreme Court matter, allegations to be made against the
members of SIT and to establish that the burning of a coach of Sabarmati Express at
Godhra Railway Station was not a conspiracy. From the emails, it appears that Sanjiv
Bhatt was holding personal meetings with senior Congress leaders as well. In one of
the emails, he even mentions that he was under exploited by the lawyer representing
the Congress before Nanavati Commission of Inquiry.

That Sanjiv Bhatt had been persuading various NGOs and other interested groups to
influence the Amicus Curiae and the Supreme Court of India by using Media Card
and Pressure Groups.

Sanjiv Bhatt had been exchanging emails with one Nasir Chippa and in the email
dated 11-05-2011 Bhatt has stated that he (Nasir Chippa) should try to mobilize
support/ pressure-groups in Delhi to influence Amicus Curiae Raju Ramchandran in a
very subtle manner. In another email dated 18-05-2011, Sanjiv Bhatt had requested
Nasir Chippa to influence Home Minister P. Chidambaram through pressure groups in
the U.S. It is believed that Nasir Chippa has strong U.S. connections and his family
stays there.

That Sanjiv Bhatt arranged an appeal from M. Hasan Jowher, who runs a so called
NGO titled SPRAT (Society for Promoting Rationality) to Amicus Curiae on 13-052011, to call Sanjiv Bhatt, IPS, Rajnish Rai, IPS, Satish Verma, IPS, Kuldeep Sharma,
IPS and Rahul Sharma, IPS (all police officers of Gujarat) to tender their version of
the Gujarat story. It may be mentioned here that the draft for the said appeal was sent
by Sanjiv Bhatt himself to Jowher. Further, a copy of this mail was circulated by
Sanjiv Bhatt to Shabnam Hasmi, Teesta Setalwad, Himanshu Thakker, journalist,
Leo Saldana, Journalist and Nasir Chippa to encourage the prominent
persons/organisation to write to Amicus Curiae on similar lines so as to pressurize
him.

In emails exchanged on June 1, 2011 between Sanjiv Bhatt and M. H. Jowher, it was
proposed that a PIL may be filed through a lawyer named K. Vakharia (a Sr.
Advocate and Chairman of Legal Cell of Congress Party in Gujarat) in the Gujarat
High Court for providing security to Sanjiv Bhatt. It was also proposed that another
complaint may be filed with the Commissioner of Police, Ahmedabad City against
Narendra Modi & others for his alleged involvement in 2002 riots which would be
taken to appropriate judicial forums in due course.

90

That Teesta Setalwad, her lawyer Mihir Desai and

Manoj Mitta, senior editor in The Times of India were
in constant touch with Sanjiv Bhatt, IPS and were
instrumental in arranging/ drafting of the affidavit for
filing the same in Supreme Court. Vide email dated
10-04-2011; Bhatt solicited Co-ordinates from
Teesta Setalwad, who had also arranged for a meeting
with her lawyer Mihir Desai at Ellisbridge
Gymkhana, Ahmedabad. Sanjiv Bhatt sent the first
draft of his proposed affidavit to Manoj Mitta on 13Manoj Mitta, senior
04-2011, after meeting Mihir Desai, Advocate and
editor, The Times of
invited his suggestions. Manoj Mitta advised Sanjiv
India
Bhatt to incorporate a few more paragraphs drafted by
him which were incorporated by Sanjiv Bhatt in his
final affidavit sent to Supreme Court of India as suggested by Mitta.

That Sanjiv Bhatt was instrumental in arranging an affidavit of one Shubhranshu

Chaudhary, a journalist, to corroborate his claim that he had gone to attend a meeting
called by the Chief Minister at his residence in the night of 27-02-2002. Significantly,
Bhatt had sent his mobile phone details of 27-02-2002 to Shubhranshu Chaudhary and
had also suggested the probable timings of his meeting to Shubhranshu Chaudhary on
15-05-2011. Simultaneously, these details were sent to Teesta Setalwad on 16-052011, for drafting the document, presumably the affidavit to be filed by Shubhranshu
Chaudhary. Sanjiv Bhatt sent an email to Shubhranshu Chaudhary that the said
affidavit could be leaked out to the print media which would force the Amicus Curiae
and Supreme Court to take notice of the same. Sanjiv Bhatt also sent another email to
Shubhranshu Chaudhary, in which he has stated that they should play the Media
Trick so that affidavit is taken seriously by Amicus Curiae and the Supreme Court.

That Sanjiv Bhatt had been exchanging emails with one Leo Saldana, a Narmada
Bachao Andolan activist, with a view to mobilize public opinion in their favour. On
01-05-2011 Sanjiv Bhatt had sent an email to the latter to the effect that what they
needed to do at this stage was to create a situation, where it would be difficult for
three judges Supreme Court Bench to disregard the shortcomings of SIT under
stewardship of Mr. Raghavan and that the pressure groups and opinion makers in
Delhi could be of great help in forwarding the cause. He has further stated in the mail
that he was hopeful that things would start turning around from the next hearing, if
proper pressure was maintained at the national level.

91

That Sanjiv Bhatt was trying to contact K. S.

Subramanian, a retired IPS officer, through Nasir
Chippa to make an affidavit supporting his stand
with a view to convince the Amicus Curiae and
through him the Supreme Court of India that K.
Chakravarthi, former DGP of Gujarat, was a liar.

That Sanjiv Bhatt had been taking advice of Teesta

Setalwad in connection with his evidence before
Nanavati Commission of Inquiry. He had also been
in touch with various journalists, NGOs and had been
forwarding his representations, applications and
other documents through email, whereas on the other side he had been claiming
privilege that being an Intelligence Officer he was duty bound not to disclose
anything unless, he was legally compelled to do so.

K.S Subramanian, retired

IPS officer who worked in
close collaboration with
Teesta Setalvad

That Sanjiv Bhatt had been maintaining a close contact with Rahul Sharma, DIG of
Gujarat Police and had been getting his mobile phone calls analysed with a view to
ascertain his own movements of 27-02-2002. This shows that Bhatt does not recollect
his movements on that day. He has also been trying to ascertain the movements of
Late Haren Pandya, the then Minister of State for Revenue on 27-02-2002, with a
view to introduce him as a participant of the meeting of 27-02-2002 held at CMs
residence, but could not do so, as Rahul Sharma had informed him after the analysis
that there was absolutely no question of Late Haren Pandya being at Gandhinagar on
27-02-2002 night.

From the study of emails, it appears that certain vested interests including Sanjiv
Bhatt, different NGOs and some political leaders were trying to use Supreme Court/
SIT as a forum for settling their scores. This would also go to show that Sanjiv Bhatt
had been colluding with the persons with vested interests to see that some kind of
charge-sheet is filed against Narendra Modi and others.

It is noteworthy that the Supreme Court judges who appointed the SIT were far from being
soft on Modi. The Supreme Court handpicked officers reputed to be upright professionals to
be part of SIT. And yet when Teesta & Co failed to get the desired strictures against Modi,
they began to cast aspersions on the credibility of SIT officers who by all accounts functioned
under great pressure because of constant attacks by Teesta. The latest salvo fired by Teesta:
Jafri and she have asked the Supreme Court to junk the SIT report, disband the SIT and start
fresh investigations all over again thrrough a higher body. This case is currently being heard
in the courts. The moment any case starts going against Teesta and Co, she either gets a stay
order from the Supreme Court or asks for fresh investigations. (More of this later). It seems
she wont be satisfied till her own team can directly author the report to hang Modi.

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7
When Congress State Govts Refused Additional
Forces to Quell Gujarat riots
During a hearing of a Gujarat riots case, the Supreme Court chastised
the Gujarat government for being modern day Neros. However, this
adjective has stuck to Modis name. Compared to many other epithets
used against Modi, this is actually the least vicious.
There is no denying that due to incompetence or complicity or both-the police failed in many instances to control the violence that shook
Gujarat for three days starting February 28, 2002. There is also no denying that some of
the administrators proved incompetent in handling the situation and a good number of
politicians were involved in instigating mob violence. Some even led murderous mobs.
But there are many instances of the police and army having saved Muslims whose
homes or settlements were surrounded by murderous mobs. But anti Modi brigades
almost never mention those instances just as they never mention the number of Hindus
killed in police firing while saving Muslims or the instances of retaliatory violence by
Muslims.
One of the biggest disservices done by the self appointed guardians of Muslim
community is that they exaggerated, overstated and distorted the events of 2002 beyond
recognition solely with a view to serving partisan interests of the Congress party. Their
aim has never been to ensure punishment of those guilty of murders and mayhem
during the 2002 riots. Their single minded focus has been on targeting Narendra Modi.
In the process, they have actually weakened their case by introducing endless lies to
their narrative to project Modi as the man who personally ordered and directed mob
violence against Muslims.
This campaign has been sustained through propping up dubious witnesses whose
testimonies have been rejected by the Supreme Court appointed Special Investigative
Team (SIT) as being false and motivated. And yet it is sustained with the help of pliable
media houses and intellectuals acting as the foot soldiers of the Congress Party.

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In Modinama 2 I had presented details of what Modi said and did following the Godhra
massacre on February 27, 2002. All of that clearly indicated that despite being new to
administration (he had taken charge as CM only 3 months ago of a state whose
machinery of governance was communally polarized due to frequent riots most of
which occurred under Congress regimes), Modi took all necessary steps to quell the
riots even though his administration and even his political colleagues either failed him
,or played mischief at many places. This included getting army units airlifted and
deployed on the ground within 20 hours of the outbreak of violence.
A chief minister who has orchestrated riots is not likely to have the army brought in
with such speed. Similarly, a chief minister who wants a particular community to be
massacred is not likely to make desperate pleas for additional police force from
neighbouring states.
I reproduce below the exact text of the fax message sent by the Government of Gujarat
to the Home Ministry, New Delhi on 27/02/2002, the day of Godhra train massacre
requesting additional companies of paramilitary forces for law and order duties.
MOST IMMEDIATE FAX MESSAGE
TO: HOME, NEW DELHI (KIND Atten, Shri O.P.Arya, Jt secretary, M.H.A.)
INFO: POLICE, GANDHINAGAR
NO: SB.V/ISS/102002/173
DATE: - 27/02/2002
SUBSEQUENT TO THE INCIDENT OF ARSON TO A RAILWAY COACH OF
SABARMATI EXPRESS NEAR GODHRA RAILWAY STATION TODAY
MORNING, SPORADIC INCIDENTS OF VIOLENCE IN THE FORM OF
STABBING AND ARSON HAVE BEEN REPORTED FROM AHMEDABAD,
BARODA AND ANAND TOWNS BESIDES GODHRA TOWN (.) THE VISHWA
HINDU PARISHAD HAS ALSO GIVEN A CALL FOR GUJARAT BANDH ON
28.2.2002 (.) THE EXISTING RESOURCES OF STATE RESERVE POLICE FORCE
HAVE ALREADY BEEN DEPLOYED FULLY (.) IN ORDER TO COPE UP WITH
THE EMERGING LAW AND ORDER SITUATION DURING THE GUJARAT
BANDH CALL, TEN COYS OF CENTRAL PARA MILITARY FORCES MAY
PLEASE BE PROVIDED IMMEDIATELY EVEN BY AIRLIFT FOR LAW AND
ORDER DUTIES IN ADDITION TO THE FOUR COYS OF R.A.F. (.) ALREADY
REQUESTED UNDER FAX OF EVEN NUMBER AND DATE (.)
(J.R. RAJPUT), Under Secretary to Government, Home Department (Spl.)
--------

94

The following is the text of the letter sent by the Gujarat Government to the Chief
Secretary of Madhya Pradesh, Chief Secretary, Government of Maharashtra and Chief
Secretary, Government of Rajasthan on 1st March 2002, the second day of the 2002
riot, requesting 10 companies of armed police from each of these states in helping
Gujarat Government in handling law and order situation. At that time all three states
had Congress party Chief MinistersDigvijay Singh in Madhya Pradesh, Ashok
Gehlot in Rajasthan and Vilasrao Deshmukh in Maharashtra. All three chief ministers
refused to send additional forces.
GOVERNMENT OF GUJARAT
No. SB.V/ISS/102002/173
Home Department (Spl.)
Sachivalaya, Gandhinagar
Date:- 1/3/2002
To:
The Chief Secretary to the Govt. of Madhya Pradesh,
Bhopal. (Madhya Pradesh).
Sir,
As you are aware the ghastly incident of burning down of 58 passengers in the
Sabarmati Express on 27th Feb., 2002 has had serious fall out on the law and order
situation in Gujarat. Widespread incidents of arsoning, looting, murder and other
violence have been reported from most part of the State since yesterday.
The State Government has been trying its best to utilise all its available resources and
has also requested Government of India to spare additional manpower for maintaining
of law and order. However, Government of India has not in a position (sic) to spare
more paramilitary forces in view of its commitment elsewhere. As the situation is
spreading to villages and major highways are also being blocked, our resources are
stretched to the maximum. We feel that the services of additional forces from
neighbouring States like yours would help the State Government in handling this
precious law and order situation. We would therefore request you to favourably
consider our request for sparing 10 companies of your Armed Police to help the
Government in handling the law and order situation.
Thanking you,
Yours faithfully,
(K. NITYANANDAM), Secretary to the Government of Gujarat, Home Department.
Copy forwarded with compliments to The Director General of Police, Bhopal.
(Madhya Pradesh).

95

Identical letters were sent to Government of Rajasthan and Maharashtra

It is noteworthy that Government of Madhya Pradesh took 13 days to respond and turn
down the request. The other two state governments made similar excuses for denying
Gujarat Government additional forces to deal with the law and order situation. The
exact text of Madhya Pradesh Governments response marked "secret" is given below.
No. 1523-1557/2002/C-I
GOVERNMENT OF MADHYA PRADESH
HOME DEPARTMENT (C SECTION)
Bhopal, dated 13 MAR 2002
From
R.C. Arora,
Secretary to Government.
To
The Secretary,
Government of Gujarat, Home Department,
GANDHINAGAR.
Sub:- Provision of 10 Coys. Of MPSAF to Gujarat
Sir,
Please refer to your letter No. SB.V/MMM/102002/769, dated 1st March, 2002
regarding the subject cited matter. It is regretted that due to heavy commitments of
MPSAF within the State, it is not possible to spare the force at this moment.
Yours faithfully,
(R.C. Arora)
Secretary to Government
It is puzzling why the response of MP government was marked "secret" while the
request of Gujarat government for additional police had no such noting.
Today, Digvijay Singh is one of the fiercest critics of Modi for his alleged "complicity"
in 2002 riots. But Digvijay Singh had no answer when Modi reminded him in a meeting
of the National Security Council how as CM of Madhya Pradesh he had snubbed the
request for additional forces.

96

Do these letters indicate a sense of urgency on the part of Gujarat chief minister in
quelling the riots or do they show Narendra Modi to be a modern day Nero who paid
no heed while Gujarat burned?
To quote SIT counsel R S Jamuar who reportedly said while defending SITs closure
report which is being challenged by Teesta Setalvad and Zakia Jafri in a court in
Ahmedabad: What was Zakia expecting from accused number one (Modi)? That he
should have gone with AK-47 in his hand to control the rioting mob (Express News
Service, April 27, 2013)

97

8
When Select Phrases are Lifted and Distorted out
of Context
Modi's "Action-Reaction" Statement on 2002 Riots and Rs 50 Crore Girlfriend
Speech
Rajiv Gandhi had justified the 1984 pogrom against the Sikhs in Delhi and other places in
north India saying, When a big tree falls, the earth is bound to shake. It was the most clear
cut example of Congress led killings which resulted in one way killings of Sikhs and
brutalization of Sikh women. Not a single Hindu was killed in the 1984 mayhem. Till date
not a single Congress leader who was found leading riotous mobs during those murderous
days, has been punished. Nor was Rajiv Gandhi or any other Congress leader hounded for
allowing the massacre for full 3 days right under their noses. But then Congress does not
have to worry about such trivialities since it claims to be secular!
Teesta Setalvads NGO and others targeting Narendra Modi for his alleged complicity in the
post Godhra riots of 2002 have tried attributing a similar statement to Narendra Modi. The
Supreme Court appointed SIT examined the charge in depth. The charge is that when asked
about the post Godhra violence, Modi quoted Newtons third law of motion which states that
every action has an equal and opposite reaction - Har kriya ki pratikriya hoti hai (Quoted
in Communalism Combat, pg. 107, Genocide Gujarat 2002 (Mar-Apr.2002), Ms Setalvads
case is that this proves Modi justified the anti Muslim violence that followed the burning
down of a rail bogie leading to 58 Hindus being charred to death.
However, the Special Investigative Team appointed by the Supreme Court exonerated Modi
of this charge on the ground that that the actual statement was- Kriya pratikriya ki chain
chal rahi hai. Hum chhate hain ki na kriya ho aur na pratikriya (A chain of action
reaction is going on. We want that there should be neither action nor reaction)
It all started with an incomplete statement telecast on Zee TV based on an interview
conducted by Zee correspondent Sudhir Chaudhary. As per the testimony of Sudhir
Chaudhary, Zee TV Correspondent to the SIT, he had attended a press conference held by
Narendra Modi on 01-03-2002, in the Circuit House at the outskirts of Gandhinagar. He
requested Narendra Modi for a short interview after the press conference. The latter agreed
and was interviewed for about 10 minutes. (SIT report page no.187)

98

When Chaudhary questioned the CM about the Chamanpura

(Gulberg Society) massacre in which the former Congress
MP, Ehsan Jafri was killed along with more than 50 others,
the Chief Minister in his replies referred to the reports that
Jafri had first fired at the violent mob, which infuriated the
crowd further and that the mob thereafter stormed the
Housing Society and set it on fire. (SIT report page no.187)
According to Chaudhary, Narendra Modi referred to Jafris
firing as action and the massacre that followed as
Sudhir Chaudhary
reaction. Modis exact quote was: Kriya pratikriya ki
chain chal rahi hai. Hum chahte hain ki na kriya ho aur na pratikriya. A chain of action
reaction is going on. We want that there should be neither action nor reaction)
However, in the Zee TV telecast, as well as newspapers that picked up Modis statement, the
last line saying, Hum chahte hai ki nakriya ho aur na pratikriya.(We want that there should
neither be action nor reaction) was deliberately omitted.
Similarly when asked about the wide spread violence in Gujarat post Godhra CMs reply
was: Godhra main jo parso hua jahan par athavan(58) purush, mahilaon aur bacchon ko
zinda jala diya, Is main desh main aur videsh main sadma pahuchna swabhavik tha. Godhra
ke is ilake ke logon ki criminal tendencies rahi hai. In logon ne pahele mahila teachers ka
khoon kiya. Aur ab yeh jaghanya apraadh kiya hai jiski pratikria ho rahi hai.(The incident
of day before yesterday at Godhra when 58 women, children and men were burnt to death
was bound to create deep shock both within and outside the country. People of this particular
area of Godhra have had criminal tendencies. These people had earlier murdered some
women teachers. And now they have committed this gruesome crime which is producing this
reaction. )
During investigations, a requisition was sent to the Zee TV to make available a copy of the
CD of the television interview of Narendra Modi conducted by their correspondent Sudhir
Chaudhary on 01-03-2002. Despite two reminders and a notice u/s 91 Cr.P.C. sent to them,
the CD was not made available to the SIT. (SIT report page 188). But Sudhir Chaudhary told
the SIT that the Chief Minister was of the view that he neither wanted action nor reaction.
When Narendra Modi was questioned about the aforesaid interview given to Zee TV on 0103-2002, SIT records his statements as follows:
a.

Those who have read the history of Gujarat would definitely be aware that communal
violence in Gujarat has a long history and the State had witnessed serious incidents of
such communal violence.

b.

As regards the Zee TV interview of 01-03-2002 is concerned, Modi told SIT that he
had always appealed only and only for peace. He had issued several appeals to the
people to shun violence in straight and simple language. If his words cited in this
question are considered in the correct perspective, then it would be evident that there is a
very earnest appeal for people refraining from any kind of violence. ( SIT report
pages188-189)

99

c.

Regarding the statement made to the media about post Godhra riots by citing Newtons
law that every action has equal and opposite reaction, Narendra Modi said that The
Times of India had published a news item on 03-03-2002, purportedly as though he had
given an interview to them whereas the truth is that nobody from TOI met him indicating
that his so-called justification Action-Reaction Theory was a case of misreporting. He
said that it had been his considered opinion that violence cannot be replied to by
violence and he had appealed for peace. Modi told the SIT, he had not and would never
justify any action or reaction by a mob against innocents. (SIT report pgs. 187-188).

d. Modi informed the SIT that when this news item misquoting him appeared in TOI, the
state government immediately sent a protest letter to the editor of The Times of India
pointing out that the CM had not been interviewed by TOI nor had he justified the
violence in the words attributed to him. But the TOI did not publish the correction issued
by the CMs office. It was brought to the notice of the editor twice in writing before the
CMs clarification was published on 23rd Marcha good 20 days after the original story
was published on 3rd March 2002. What is worse, while the inflammatory misquote
attributed to Modi was published on the front page of TOI in both the national edition as
well as in the Ahmedabad edition, the clarification by the CMs office was published on
23rd March in a remote corner in the inside pages of the Ahmedabad edition while the
Delhi edition did not carry it at all.
That these were not afterthoughts to save his skin is evident from a series of press statements
and appeals on Doordarshan issued by Narendra Modi during that period. For example, on
February 28, 2002, Narendra Modi released the following personal peace appeal in Gujarati
broadcast across the state on Doordarshan at 7pm. It was repeatedly broadcast thereafter on
the same evening. Ive translated it verbatim in English.
The
Hindi
version
with
English
subtitles
is
available
at
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BIRMR8zW0iI. (The YouTube translation is
stylistically somewhat different from mine given below, even though there is no
difference in the overall content).
Yesterday in Godhra an inhuman tragedy struck. More than 40 women and children
were burnt to death. 18 men were also burnt alive. In all 58 people were trapped
inside a rail bogie and mercilessly massacred by cannibals. Such a heinous crime will
bring tears to the eyes of the most hard-hearted person. This devilish and inhuman act
committed in the land of Gujarat cannot be tolerated/justified in any civilized society.
This crime cannot be forgiven. I want to assure the people of Gujarat that something
like this will never be tolerated. The culprits will be appropriately punished for the
crime they have committed.
Not only that, we will set an example so that in future no one will dare dream to
commit such a heinous act. The government of Gujarat is committed to the protection
of all its citizens. Those who take law into their hands and destroy the lives of
innocent people have no place in a civilized society. I share the grief of the people of
Gujarat. For any humanist such an incident would cause indescribable grief. But
at the same time creating disturbances (ashanti) indiscipline and expressing
outrage (akrosh) is not the solution.

100

Violating the law and venting your anger by indulging in riots cannot be tolerated in
any civilized society. I understand your feelings but I pray to you that the need of the
hour is to maintain peace and self-restraint. We are determined to punish those who
have committed this crime. No one will escape their due punishment. Wont you
help the Government in saving Gujarat? Wont you help us in maintaining
peace and harmony? The Government of Gujarat appeals to you for help,
appeals to you for shanti (peace) andsanyam (restraint/self-discipline).
In the midst of this akrosh (deep outrage) it is my humble request that in such a
testing time Gujarat expects from you what it is best known for. There are numerous
examples of how Gujarat has maintained peace and harmony during the most adverse
of times. I want to remind you of this unique characteristic of Gujarat - of showing
restraint and maintaining peace during adversities. Let us serve Gujarat by
maintaining shanti and sanyam. Let us strengthen the arms of law. Let us create
an atmosphere that will ensure the most severe punishment for the perpetrators of this
heinous crime. I am confident that my solemn appeal will touch your hearts. Let me
assure you that everyone in the Government feels the shock and pain experienced by
you. We feel the same intensity of pain as you do.
Even the Prime Minister is deeply disturbed by these developments and so is the
Home Minister of India. The entire country has expressed solidarity with and shares
the grief of Gujarat. But the responsibility to maintain peace, harmony and restraint is
ours.I understand your anger and outrage, I understand your pain. And yet in
the self-interest of Gujarat, and to ensure that we dont jeopardize the future of
Gujarat, that Gujarat doesnt get a blot on its face/ carry a stigma connected
with these times all the 5 crore Gujaratis need to keep calm and exercise selfrestraint.
I also want to express my gratitude to you that in the midst of so much anger, out of
18000 village of Gujarat, disturbances have broken out only in a handful of villages.
By and large, there is any atmosphere of peace. However, the incidents that have
occurred in the cities of Gujarat are disturbing. It is my request to you, tit for tat is
not a solution. Ver ver thi shamtu nathi (Hatred is never won over by hatred)
I am not here to give you sermons. But I see the bright future of Gujarat. For its
sake, I seek your help come and help the Government in maintaining peace.
The government seeks your help in punishing the guilty through the due process of
law. The government seeks your help in creating an environment of peace so that law
can take its own course.
I have full faith that the people of Gujarat will respond to my appeal and will work
together for a peaceful Gujarat.It is our responsibility to ensure that innocents do not
suffer or lose their lives. Come, let us together work for establishing peace. Again, let
me assure that I full share your grief and pain. However, let us together strengthen
the hands of law so that the guilty get the severe punishment due to them to set a
historic example. Once again I appeal to the people of Gujarat for peace.

101

Jai jaigarvi Gujarat mantra jeevant karne ke liye hame shanti ka marg hi
chahiye.In order to give life to the mantra of Jai Garvi Gujarat, we need to follow the
path of peace.
I for one cannot find fault with this speech. There is a not a trace of provocation or
demagoguery in it. Even the body language and facial expressions of Modi are sombre and
sadfar away from the kind of devilish reaction attributed to him.
It isnt just this one speech. Throughout the month of March and April, Modi kept issuing
similar peace appeals, no matter which platform he spoke from. Here are extracts from press
releases issued by the state government and from his speeches.
1.03.2002

Verify before printing/broadcasting-do not spread false news 1st March 2002 (source
CM Press Release 1.3.2002)

Do not mention names of communities as per established press ethics and practices-to
stop the spreading of violenceDo not show visuals of the dead people to avoid
emotional flare ups leading to violence There will be no compromise in law and
order situation. Gujarats peace and tranquility will not be allowed to be disturbed by
anti-social elements intent on exploiting the peoples anger/feelings Restoring
peace is our top most priority. We will act strongly against those disturbing the
peace. (source CM Press Release 1.3.2002)

2.03.2002

Interest of Gujarat lies in peace and not in communal tension or disturbances State
Government is committed to pacify the wide spread anger amongst the people and
restore law and order with strong political will... No one will be allowed to take law
into their own hands and strict directives have been given to deal very firmly with all
those provoking the people and all such elements trying to disturb the atmosphere.:
(source: CM Press Release 2.3.2002)

I appeal to people to cooperate with the security staff in order to maintain law and
order and in performance of their duties Government cannot shy away from its
moral duty of maintaining law and order in the state. (source: Sandesh/Gujarat
Samachar 2.3.2002)

3.03.2002

March is the month of examinations and therefore, I appeal to parents, guardians and
educationists to help restore peace quickly and keep the atmosphere stress-free so that
all examination are finished in time.: (source: Gujarat Samachar 3.3.2002)

102

6.03.2002

Society cannot progress in an atmosphere of revenge and in violating law and order
with impunity whatsoever may be the provocation as this does not behave a civilized
societyGovernment is determined to award exemplary punishment to the culprits.
(source: CM speech 6.3.2002 at a meeting with social leaders in Ahmedabad, CM
press release 6.3.2202)

10.03.2002

I will strengthen the law and order with a strong administrative will. (source:
Sandesh 10.3.2002

This Government will not spare offenders involved in disturbing peace (source:
Gujarat Samachar 10.3.2002)

14.03.2002

I appeal to everyone not to be swayed by rumors and work for peace. (source: CM
Press Release no. 324, 14.3.2002, Ahmedabad)

18.03.2002

When the CM was asked on 18th March 2002 What is your personal assurance to the
Muslim community, he replied: Safety and social harmony is my assurance. My
government is as much theirs as of anyone elseGodhra incident was painful; but it
does not mean it is right for anyone to take law into his hands on the specious plea
that is a reaction to what happened in Godhra...Rule of Law is supreme...there is no
place for retributive justice (post Godhra) in a civilized society Religious, social
and political leaders will have to work in bringing back mutual trust within their
communities [Hindustan Times quoting Janmabhoomi 18.3.2002]

22.03.2002

Those disturbing the peace are inimical to the society at large Law is common to
one and all and any violator of law should not go unpunished by exploiting loopholes
in law (Source: CM Press release no. 357, 22.3.2002)

Statements of Narendra Modi to SIT (27-28 Mar 2010):

I had got recorded a message for the general public to maintain peace and harmony,
which was continuously broadcast on the Doordarshan (p. 6, qn. 28).

I used to meet the press almost daily I used to appeal for peace and also
highlighted the peaceful areas of the State (p. 7, qn. 30).

It has been my Governments approach right from the first day, that a culprit is a
culprit irrespective of his caste, creed, religion or socio political background, as
nobody is above law (p. 9, qn. 41).

103

I have not taken a single reproachable step. When people realize the truth they will
know that my government will not spare anyone responsible for violence. (Hindustan
Times, quoting Janmabhoomi)

The SIT conclusion:

No case is made against Narendra Modi because even though during riots ghastly violent
attacks had taken place on Muslims at Gulberg Society, Naroda Patiya and elsewhere by
unruly mob, yet the alleged statements made by Chief Minister Narendra Modi appeared to
have been quoted out of context.(SIT report page 99)
The full text of the SIT report clearly shows
that this exoneration is based on examining
not just the veracity of the controversial
remarks of that day but also examining
various other statements and speeches Modi
made in the days following the Godhra
incident. In addition, SIT also examined the
actual actions of the state government. This
included airlifting and deployment of the
Army within 20 hours of the outbreak of
violence. Despite various lapses, it is not as if
the police was deliberately immobilized.
Police lobbed15369 tear gas shells to quell
the rioters. Out of 10559 rounds of
ammunition fired 5450 rounds were fired
during the first three days itself. Numerous
Police firing during riots
Hindus were killed in police firing at riotous
mobs. Even though violence had broken out at numerous locations in different parts of the
state, riots were controlled within 72 hours.
Most important of all, the state has been totally free of communal tension in the last 11 years.
There has not been a single day of curfew since then whereas in the earlier decades, curfews
due to frequent communal outbreaks were a routine occurrence.
Since the newspapers and TV channels that misquoted Modi, refused to rectify their mistake
the mischievous misquote acquired a life of its own and continues to be used as part of
smear campaign even after the SIT cleared Modi of this charge.
This is not the first or the last time Narendra Modis speeches or interviews have been twisted
beyond recognition by selectively picking a phrase or two out of a whole speech or interview
and presented in a distorted manner to present him in a demonic light. I became aware of this
game when the national media went berserk over Narendra Modis 50 crore rupees
girlfriend remark during the course of an election campaign speech in Himachal Pradesh. On
the day this controversy broke out, one of the national TV channels asked me to join them for
a panel discussion on this issue. It was expected of me that as a womens rights activist, I
would join the chorus of outraged feminists to condemn Modi for his supposedly obscene
anti-women remark.

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However, since as a rule I dont start reacting in the media on the basis of cursory newspaper
or TV reports, I requested the guest coordinator and the anchor of the program to send me the
full text of the speech. But they said they did not have the full speech and sent me just one or
two lines of that speech. I told them I would join the TV panel only if I could lay my hands
on the full speech.
Fortunately for me, the full speech was available on YouTube. This was the first speech of
Modi I ever heard and it proved a major turning point for me. Modi had raised serious and
substantial issues throughout that speech and talked with great sensitivity to the plight of rural
women. Even though the 50 crore rupees girlfriend phrase was not in good taste but given
the context in which it was said, his charges had substance. And yet, not a single TV channel
or newspaper report or editorial dealt with the speech as a whole or picked up any salient
issue. For days on end this phrase was bandied around as an ultimate proof of Modis
misogyny and to declare him unfit for any high office. When I tried to point this out in the
TV debate and later through an article in The Indian Express, I was attacked for having
turned an apologist for a fascist.
Since then I have downloaded and heard dozens of Modi speeches addressing diverse
audiencesfrom students in elite institutions, to farmers, teachers, government officials,
business chambers, public meetings organized by religious organizations, by womens
organizations as well as speeches made during election campaigns in different states. I find
that each of them deal with serious issues in a serious way. I reproduce below an English
translation of the 50 crore girlfriend speech to enable the readers to judge for themselves.

Modis 50 Crore Rupee Girl friend Speech during Himachal Elections

When I come to Himachal, I feel this is my second home outside Gujarat. I have lived
and worked amidst you for long years. I am familiar with every inch of this land
(chappe chappe se parichit hoon). Even today as soon as I reached Mandi I asked, do
people still eat Sepu in this region or not? I have deep attachment to this region. If
Gujarat was not in the midst of elections, I would have spent several days with you to
refresh those memories. But just as you are making all efforts to uproot the Congress
from this state, the people of Gujarat are also readying themselves to say good bye to
the Congress for ever.
Brothers and sisters, today the whole world is talking about Gujarats development.
Wherever you go, people say, Gujarat has worked wonders. How did this miracle
happen, what is the secret behind it? I can say with confidence that If my brothers and
sisters of Himachal come to understand this secret of Gujarats success, my Himachal
will also begin to shine as brightly as Gujarat. This is my promise to you.
Brothers and sisters, the citizens of Gujarat have done one big thing. Normally this
happens in very few states of India. The six crore Gujaratis have given the state
political stability and rajnaitik sthirta by repeatedly re-electing a BJP government in
the state. This stability forces a political party to be accountable.
When there is a change of regime every five years, it does not promote a culture of
political accountability. Since Gujaratis have elected me CM three times, they can ask
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me: Tell us Modiji what did you do about this or that? But if you are in power for just
5 years, then there is no space to ask questions from political leaders.

Narendra Modi during the 2012 Himachal Pradesh elections

So brothers and sisters, I have come with just this one message for you from
Gujaratyou have experimented enough with changing the governments over and
again. Due to these frequent changes, there cannot be firmness of policies, nor time to
set the system right. The state remains stagnant as a result. Brothers and sisters, I have
come from Gujarat to plead with you, I have come to this devabhoomi to plead with
you, come to beg the citizens of this sacred land to focus on the principles of political
stability behind Gujarats development. Please elect the government of Dhumalji. I
promise you that I am willing to be held accountable about his next 5 year term.
Himachal will show you the same track record of development that Gujarat has
shown.
Yesterday, Maun Mohan Singh ji came for a tour of Himachal and the big news in
todays newspapers is that Maun Mohan Singh broke his silence (maun) in
Himachal. No one knows what the PM thinks about the state of affairs in India. Some
days ago Madam Sonia ji had come to the same venue here in Mandi. PM has also
come. Many others will follow suit one after another. I would have felt happy, I
would have felt a sense of satisfaction (santosh milta) that the PM and Sonia Madam
care about the poor of this country if they had spoken about price rise, if they had
expressed sympathy, compassion (samvedna) and concern for the poor of this
countryif only they said, we have failed thus far to control inflation and price rise
but we will at some point succeed in bringing them under control
Brothers and sisters, I want to ask you did either of these two speak a word about
price rise? Have they given any answers why prices are rising so phenomenally? Did
they express any pain on that account? Price rise is a burning issue today. And yet
their heart doesnt hurt on its account.

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Is it not the duty of the Prime Minister to explain to the people what happened to his
partys promises? When they fought the last election, they had promised that they will
bring inflation under control in 100 days. But it is over 2000 days since then. Should
they not apologize to the people and say we have not succeeded in controlling price
rise. This is our lapse. People should forgive us for this lapse.
But the Congress Party is so arrogant, it has no care for the sentiments of people, they
dont care for the country either. They are busy doing their own thing. They are
arrogant enough to think that the world is in their jhola (shoulder bag); they can twist
and turn the world as they like.
What is worse they have even snatched your gas cylinders. My mothers and sisters
are sitting here in large numbers. This is a cold region. Therefore food gets cold in no
time hereand women have to heat and reheat the food several times in a day. In such a
situation when they take away your gas cylinders, are women going to serve
uncooked food to their husbands?
In the normal course of things, a family uses about 24 gas cylinders in a year. But
they have announced that a family will get six cylinders a year. Will the poor families
be able to afford buying 18 cylinders in the black market? Will such families not be
forced to revert to firewood chulhas? Will they not have to go back to collecting
firewood from the forests? Will it not lead to the destruction of the lush green land of
Himachal? Wont my Himachal be forced to cut down forests? The same Himachal of
which the entire country is proud will have no option but to cut its trees in order to
cook its daily meals. If anyone is to be held responsible for the consequent
deforestation it is the Delhi Sultanate!
I want to pay my tribute to Prem Kumar Dhumalji that despite getting no help from
Delhi he cares for the travails of our mothers and sisters, he cares that the children get
warm food. Therefore, he has promised to give a gas stove to every family. I consider
this a very important step.
Friends, this is not like the empty promises Congress makes. He has shown it will be
done. No false promises, no empty slogans. If I was a citizen of Himachal, my vote
would have certainly gone to Dhumal ji for his act of compassion, for his care for the
poor families of Himachal. This is a slap on the face of the Delhi government. This is
not a mere chulha, this stove will not just cook food; this stove will reduce the entire
Congress Party to ashes.
Brothers and Sisters, I want to tell you a story about Gujarat. We began the process of
providing cooking gas to every home through a pipeline. I was able to accomplish the
task in 300 villages. Seven lakh rural households/ families began getting gas through a
pipeline just as people get piped water in homes. It was my dream to provide this gas
pipeline to 20 lakh more households last year. The Congressman realized that if Modi
manages to reach a gas pipeline to every home and that too at half the cost of
cylindered gas, all the women will gravitate towards Modis side and Congress will be
totally marginalized; it will not survive.

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So what did they do? They enacted a law through the Government of India that only
the Central Government can provide gas pipeline. No state government can provide
gas to its citizens through a pipeline.
Now you tell me, why such poison? Is Gujarat not a part of India? Is it in some
foreign land that you decide to cut off its pipeline? Does this act behove you? If they
hadnt cut off the gas supply, today 20 lakh families would have had gas supply in
their home at the turn of a tap. It would have saved the expense of 3 crores gas
cylinders. That in itself would have saved Government of India a subsidy of 15000
crore rupees! But because Modi was getting the credit for all this in Gujarat, they
stopped this work.
Brothers and sisters, I am not the kind to sit quiet. They dont realize Modi knows
how to fight back. I have now knocked at the doors of the Supreme Court. I will not
rest till I make the Government in Delhi bend on this.
Brothers and sisters, look at the character of the Congress Party. They have altogether
lost lok laaj (public shame). At one time lok laaj used to be the biggest asset of people
in public life. Lok laaj has been an important consideration since the time of Prabhu
Ram. In our society, lok laaj has played a very important role. But Congress has
altogether abandoned lok laaj. They had a Power Minister. During his tenure there
was a power breakdown for 48 hours in 19 states of India. It was a total black-out due
to failure of power supply. 70 crore citizens of India had to live in darkness for 48
hours. Those who were in hospital operation theatres had to suffer the risk of doctors
having to stop the operation mid-way. Those who were travelling in trains were stuck
mid-way. The world over, newspapers commented what kind of country is India that
even in the 21st century it cannot provide electricity to its people. There were long
full half page articles on this. But at the end of these long articles, there would be a
small paragraph saying on the one hand all of India was submerged in darkness and
on the other side was the state of Gujarat where alone lights were shining bright. But
the point of telling you the story is different.
The minister under whose charge India was submerged into darkness, the minister
who caused so much international embarrassment for India, that minister should have
been made to quit that very night. But look at the character of the Congress Party!
Look at their culture- how they behave without any sense of shame! Without a
thought for lok laaj, see how they behave. That very week that minister was given a
promotion and made the Home Minister of India!
If you are a failure, you commit crimes, indulge in wrong doing, you get promoted in
the Congress Party. There is another Congress minister -- Salman Khursheed ji. I
dont know whether he is Khurshid ji or Kursi ji. Serious allegations were leveled
against him- the charge of gobbling up money meant for disabled persons. No enquiry
was held, no facts revealed, no action was taken. He should have been asked to resign.
There was real heartburn in the country. But what did they do? Yesterday, he too was
given promotion. You commit crimes and earn a promotion! You cheat and you get a
promotion!

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There used to be another Congress minister. He was accused of siphoning off money
in the cricket scam and much else. He stood in the parliament and said I have no
relation with the woman in whose account Rs.50 crore was deposited. He declared
this in parliament. And yet, within a month the invitation cards of his wedding with
that same woman were being distributed all over the place!
Brothers and sisters, you tell me, have you ever seen a 50 crore rupee girlfriend in this
impoverished country? At that time, it had created such a stink that he was forced to
resign. That matter is still hanging where it was. But yesterday, he too was exonerated
with honour by being given a ministerial berth. This is Congress culture!
Brothers and sisters, what happened with your Himachal? A Central government
minister from Himachal Pradesh was indicted by the High Court. So Congress felt
pressed enough to accept the resignation of Veer Bhadra Singh ji. After that they tell
him this is enough. But what did they do after that? They accepted his resignation
from the Central Cabinet and handed over the charge of the entire state of Himachal
Pradesh to him. Brothers and sisters, this is the work style of the Congress.
I am shocked at the kind of culture Congress Party wishes to let loose in this country!
Why should such a party be tolerated in the country?
This is not all. Recently, there was an income tax raid on a steel company. They found
a note that such and such amount has been given to a certain V.B.S. Income Tax
department carried out an investigation. Do you know who that V.B.S turned out to
be? Congressmen declared that V.B.S is not Veer Bhadra Singh. Well, he is actually
Veer Bhrashtar Singh (Courageous Corruption Singh).
Brothers and sisters, if there are stray instances of corruption then this country has the
ability to fix those persons. But when bhrastachar becomes shistachar ( corruption
becomes a way of life) at the highest echelons of power, when there is all round laxity
in dealing with corruption, when overlooking charges of corruption becomes an
ingrained characteristic, then the country is in deep crisis. This is why we need to be
afraid of the Congress. It is not a matter of one or two scams. This is a matter of
Congress Party making bhrastachar into shistachar. And if corruption becomes a way
of life, you can well imagine how this country will be destroyed.
Brothers and sisters, I feel deeply disturbed on another account. India has a federal
structure. Diverse states join together to make this country. This has been laid down
by the Constitution makers of this country.
But it has become an ingrained habit of the Central government to conspire to bring
down BJP led governments and put road blocks in the development of those states
which are ruled by the BJP. I urge my journalist friends to analyse the character of the
present day Congress Party. It is the need of the hour. We need to research this issue
with a new perspective. At the time when the Congress flag used to fly all over the
country- this party used to rule from the panchayats to the parliament- if an opposition
party came to form the government in some state, no matter with how large a
majority- the Congress Party used all kinds of foul means, all kinds of weapons to
divide the ruling party in that state, even if meant buying and selling the loyalty of
MLAs; it would lure them with lucrative offers in order to bring down those
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governments. For 20 years, the Congress kept doing such things. And if it failed to
divide and reduce the opposition ruled state to a minority, then it misused Article 356
of the Indian Constitution on some pretext or the other to bring down that nonCongress government. The Congress Party misused the Constitutional institutions of
the country to continually crush other political parties.
But today this is beyond the power of the Congress. They are not able to trample upon
states; they are not able to bring down non-Congress state governments. Today they
are unable to mindlessly misuse Article 356. I urge my journalist friends and political
pundits to study the strategy of the Congress Party. The same Congress that kept on
bringing down state governments by misusing the Constitution for 20 years is today
conspiring to throw muck and tarnish the character of leading politicians. It misuses
Constitutional bodies for this purpose. It misuses all the investigative agencies that are
under its charge. Whenever a non Congress party is on the ascendant, Congress
implicates it in all kinds of charges, spreads false canards about them; they use the
media to unleash one sided smear campaigns. This is its latest shadyantra
(conspiracy).
There is not a single opposition party leader who has been spared such targeting in the
last 10 years. They have chosen the strategy of character assassination. And what do
they do after that? Misuse the CBI for partisan politics. Even when they need a vote in
parliament, they bring the CBI into the battle field. Friends, I say it with challenge, in
Gujarat; it is not the Congress Party which is fighting the election. You will be
surprised to know that in Gujarat the Congress party is nowhere in the electoral field.
The candidates maybe of the Congress party but the election is being fought by the
CBI! These are the stratagems being used.
Brothers and sisters, wherever there are BJP state governments, they are being meted
out injustice; their development is being road blocked, they are treated as though they
are an enemy nation. This is how the Delhi government treats BJP governments. I
make this allegation against the Congress openly. Brothers and sisters, I have seen
how they have tried to destroy BJP governments.
You see for yourself in Himachal: one of the main development tasks in this hill state
is that of building roads because every now and then a landslide causes roads to cave
in and hills to come crumbling down. Such damage is common in hill areas. The
Government of India makes tall claims and Madam Sonia ji came here and said, we
have given Himachal Rs 10,000 crores. Madam, I want to ask you, did you bring
these 10,000 crore rupees with your dowry? This money is the product of the hard
labour of 100 crore Indians. This is not your personal property. Delhi [Government]
better listen to this with open ears: you cannot put us down in the name of money
[grants].
Bharatiya Janata Party is a party dedicated to the people of India. We are working for
the development of our people. This is no way to behave. If we ask for a cup of sugar
from a neighbours house, does he ever say: I gave you sugar the other day when you
had guests in your house! Do our mothers and sisters ever say that? After all, these
are routine dealings. But she comes and says, I gave you 10,000 crores. Madam
Sonia ji, if you do not know how to rule from Delhi, you better quit power.

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You have all the institutions at your disposal to seek accounts from various states. Till
date, none of your constitutional bodies have dared point a finger at Dhumalji. Why
not check the accounts? He has got the full accounts. The Planning Commission has
the entire account of that expenditure. This state runs according to the laws and
regulations of the land. But in order to misguide people, you make all these charges. I
am surprised even Maun Mohan Singh ji also made similar statements. But I was
glad that Maun Mohan Singhji spoke a sentence or two admitting that Himachal has
witnessed development. But he later added that the money came from Delhi.
Brothers and sisters, Delhi is the capital of Hindustan and Himachal is an integral part
of Hindustan. It is an insult to the Constitution of India to speak of Himachal as if it is
separate from India.
Brothers and sisters, Dhumal ji is a good friend of mine. Ive had deep links with the
land of Himachal. Ive come from Gujarat to ask for something special. I want you to
vote in large numbers on the coming 4th [in the forthcoming election]
Please press the button on BJPs lotus symbol to register your voice against
corruption, press the button on lotus symbol to register your outrage against price rise,
press the button with lotus symbol to express your resolve to uproot the Delhi
Sultanate. Brothers and sisters you should not allow the evil deeds being committed in
Delhi to enter this Devabhoomi [the land of gods]. This is a sacred land of India. My
Himachal is a sacred place. It is the Devabhoomi of India. Please do not let the evil
deeds of Delhi to enter this region. Protect Himachal from them. Im fully confident
that Dhumal ji will protect Himachal.
Im grateful to the brothers and sisters of Himachal Pradesh for giving me so much
honour. Im very thankful to you.
Please join me in saying: Bharat Mata ki Jai.
The bulk of Modis speech dealt with burning issues of our times such as price rise, fuel
scarcity, corruption scams, lack of accountability of those in power, distortions in Centrestate relations. He focused in particular on the impact of inflation on poor households and
addressed specific issues concerning rural women from poorer households and critiques
policies that increase drudgery in womens lives. He deals with the subversion of federal
principles and the resultant distortion of political priorities in India.
Neither print nor electronic media chose to focus on these issues when they endlessly debated
the 50 crore remark for days on end. Neither did the media care to investigate and discuss
whether the claims made by Modi regarding the piped gas project and universal rural
electrification in Gujarat are accurate or exaggerated. It is well known that the Congress
partys use of Central funds to arm-twist chief ministers undermines federalism and vitiates
Centre-state relations, impairing the health of our democracy. The Centres near-total
monopoly over key sources of taxation leaves state governments at the mercy of the Delhi
durbar, distorts state policies and development programs. Modi has repeatedly raised this
issue but it does not invite the slightest notice in media.

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For example, most state governments end up pushing liquor sales because that is one of the
few sources of revenue they can impose directly. Villages that lack clean drinking water have
a plentiful supply of government-patronized liquor shops. This drains out incomes of poor
households, leads to greater domestic violence and strengthens the hold of political goondas
who own these liquor thekas in villages.
But the media did not spend a fraction of the time discussing these vital issues concerning
women and democracy. Instead, for hours and days non-stop, we heard militant feminists
breathing fire and brimstone and TV anchors emoting profusely over the alleged insult hurled
by Modi at Shashi Tharoors wife. They were provided hours of TV time to play victim. No
one discussed Tharoors involvement in the cricket scam which had earlier forced Tharoor to
resign. There was no mention of why he was reinstated while the charge remained hanging
without investigation. The controversial phrase, Rs. 50 crore girlfriend referred to Congress
Partys penchant for rewarding its ministers for scams and scandals showing its scant respect
for accountability.
Such sarcasm is the stuff of all election speeches everywhere in the world. In fact, compared
to the invectives and abusive terms routinely used against Modi by Congressmen and pro
Congress NGOs, this is mild stuff. He has been called a scorpion, a snake, a fascist, a mass
murderer, merchant of death and worse by senior Congress leaders on prime time television. I
have never witnessed any fuss being made about the hate speeches leveled at Modi in
particular and BJP in general.
What happens to Narendra Modi is not important. What is important is the systematic
distortion of facts, corruption of public discourse in India through gross misuse of the media
and subversion of public institutions for partisan ends, including the highest judiciary of the
land.
The credibility of the media and the human rights community in India has been seriously
eroded because of their brazenly partisan conduct. It is tragic to see our supposedly
independent media and NGOs claiming to be defenders of democratic rights and minority
rights willingly act as the fighting arms of the Congress Party even when it is playing sinister
divide and rule policy in order to stay in power.

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9
Nightlife in Ahmedabad
Some Glimpses

Even though I have not yet had the time to study the law and order situation in Gujarat,
when I was visiting Ahmedabad, one of my twitter followers from the city wrote to me
saying While you are there, go visit a police station. You would be shocked
(pleasantly). There was visible pride in his urging me to go and notice the change in the
system of policing in Gujarat. More than in police stations the change is visible in
peoples perception of the law and order situation. Govind, the driver of the private taxi
that took me from Ahmedabad to Gandhinagar told me:
The best part of this government is that it has very firm control over law and
order. Even at night, there are no highway dacoities or loot maar as are happening in
other states. Therefore, it is good for our business. But all this is not just due to police
crackdowns. This government has created work and job opportunities for all. For
example, there is a poor adivasi settlement around Ambaji Mandir. Some of these men
used to indulge in crimes and loot. That community has been given a contract for
garbage recycling. So they are very happy about having a regular source of income and
are busy making money from that. The government has a plan to make Gujarat a Zero
Garbage state with its slogan Reduce, Recycle, and Reuse. So it is win-win for all.
At his insistence I did go and watch garbage collection at night. Fully automated garbage
trucks were active throughout the night unlike in cities like Delhi where huge piles lie
rotting for days on end.
I asked a young woman IT professional in Ahmedabad (whose name I forgot to note
down in my notes): There have been a number of media reports about increasing
crimes against women in Gujarat. What is your perception as a young woman come from
outside this city to work in Ahmedabad? She replied:
"You dont judge law and order from police department statistics because there is
systematic under reporting of crime in India. States which register lower crime rate are
not necessarily the safest places for citizens. The most important indicator is citizens
perception of safety. If you take that as the benchmark, you will see for yourself that
Gujarat is perceived to be a much safer place for women. You will also find that Muslims
also feel much more secure than they did before. Criminals dont act with the kind of
impunity that they do in many other states."

On two consecutive nights, my host family took

me for a tour of the city past 11 pm. I went to
Ahmedabad at the time when anti rape agitation
was still at its fever pitch. The sense of
insecurity due to never ending incidents of
abduction, rape, and murders had brought out
lakhs of people to protest on the streets in
numerous towns and cities of India. Even in
Delhi one hardly sees unaccompanied women
on the streets past 10 p.m. But Ahmedabad
The lively nightlife of Ahmedabad
presents a totally different scenario. It has an
active night life for both women and men, and that too cutting across all classes, castes
and communities. This contrasts sharply with other metros where mainly people from
elite families go out for late night parties. Nightlife in these cities is confined to pubs,
discotheques, private parties and star hotels. Liquor is considered a necessary
accompaniment in these gatherings. By contrast, the night life of Gujarati cities is liquor
free and is lived out mostly on the streets.

Ahmedabadis enjoying a late night out at the eateries at Manek Chowk

For example, Manek Chowka residential cum commercial area in the heart of the old
city comes alive as a food bazaar only after 8 pm when the regular shops close down
for the day. Amidst vendor carts selling snacks and kulfi, little eateries spread out very

ordinary tables and chairs on the road. They dont have the style and ambience of
Parisian cafs but are far more lively and vibrant. In Paris or New York cafes, one only
sees adult couples or groups of adult friends. But in the restaurants, eateries and hawker
centres of Ahmedabad one sees entire families, including small children with parents,
grandparents, aunts, uncles, have a late night meal or post dinner snacks and ice
creams. I saw young girls driving in on their scooties long past midnight to hang out at
Manek Chowk and other lively spots in the city.
Vidisha, who I met at Manek Chowk
around 1:30 am, is in her early 20s. She
is in the final year of a chartered
accountancy degree. When I met her on
January 13, she and her friends were
standing and chatting away near their
scooties. She told me she returns home
after finishing her tuitions at about 11 to
11:30 pm. It is her daily routine to come
to Manek Chowk around midnight after
having dinner at home. Mostly, she
Vidisha (centre), an aspiring C.A who hangs comes alone on her scooty. But
occasionally her cousins also come with
out with friends and family at Manek
her. She was emphatic in saying that she
Chowk almost every night
has never faced any sexual harassment
or other forms of lawless behaviour when she is out late at night. On occasions when her
scooty got punctured or there was some other mechanical problem, some or the other guy
pushed her scooty all the way to her house. She and her friends both male and
female hang out at Manek Chowk as a daily routine at night.
There are very few places in the country where you will you see women street vendors
carrying on with their work till 2 a.m. in the
night. During festivals, certain hawker
markets are open virtually all night. On CG
Road I photographed a young teenage girl
pushing her vendor cart back home at 1.30
am along with her younger brother.

Teenage sisters from Bapunagar selling

sugarcane at Manek Chowk at 1:30am

A young teenage girl along with her

younger brother carrying on her work
as a street vendor well past midnight

Since there is a heavy footfall of customers to these eateries till late in the night one
finds street vendors, including women vendors, selling various items of daily use,
especially fruits and vegetables till as late as the customers last. I was surprised to find
very young women as well as school girls carry on with their business along with other
family members till very late hours. For example on the night of 12th January, three
teenage sisters from Bapunagar selling fruit and sugar cane told me they were going to be
there all night since the next day was Makar Sankrant a major festival. Therefore, they
would have good business all night.
Even in elite commercial areas in addition to middle and upper middle class families, one
saw plenty of lower middle class Hindu as well as Muslim families come out for late
night snacks or dinner. For example, at 1.30 am I saw a Muslim family having snacks
with two women sitting in a hired auto while others of the same group were sitting on the
pavement enjoying their snacks. They were obviously from traditional conservative
families because they were wearing burkas but without coving their faces. In the nearby
market there were groups of young Muslim women who had come with their husbands
for snacks and chai as pillion riders on motorbikes. They were also in burkas. A little
ahead in the neatly paved enclosure of some corporate offices, one saw small children
and young girls playing ball and langdi taang. My host family told me such scenes are
fairly normal and routine in Ahmedabad.
I talked to several young couples on three consecutive nights. One such group of couples
were in their late 20s or early 30s. All the men work in private companies. Two of the
women were also employed. All four couples live in joint families. But on weekends they
routinely meet on CG Road to sit and chat till late into the night. The women told me
their in-laws go to bed early but the families have never expressed any anxiety about their
staying out till late hours because they feel safe
in Ahmedabad.
On the opposite side of the street were another
group of young professionals. Some of them
were sitting on the pavement while others were
standing near their bikes having kulfi and
chatting. Some among this group were married
while some of the men were bachelors. The
group consisted of three full time housewives, an
owner of an automobile workshop, a software
professional, an advocate, a travel agent, a
transport agent and a physician. One of them is
based in London and had come home for a
vacation. He told me he feels much safer in
Ahmedabad than in London. The couples and
young people I talked to said that an important
reason why rowdy behaviour was rare in Young couples unwinding and
Ahmedabad and other cities of Gujarat is the catching up on the streets of
culture of restraint thanks to the official Ahmedabad

prohibition of liquor sales in Gujarat. Prohibition in Gujarat has been in place for decades
in deference to Mahatma Gandhis strong belief that liquor saps the physical and moral
well-being of society.
Thus far, I have always opposed state imposed prohibition as an authoritarian measure
that leads to corruption and emergence of bootlegging mafias. But hearing Gujaratis link
social safety to prohibition made me seriously rethink my position. **page**
It is interesting that all the young people I met on the streets of Ahmedabad at night
strongly defended prohibition even while each and every one of them admitted that liquor
was freely available everywhere in Gujarat. They said people interested in booze know
the suppliers just as they would know of their doctors or tailors. One phone call and you
can have the brand of your choice home delivered within no time. Many drive down to
the Rajasthan border to purchase their supplies. But most people who want a drink get it
from a local supplier.
However, by all accounts bootlegging mafias have been substantially curbed in the last
10 years even though cheap desi liquor is readily available even for the poor at a price.
The defenders of prohibition include those young people who admitted to having
occasional drinks in private parties or small gatherings of friends. Several of these young
people have been to Europe and America for long or short periods. Most of them,
including women, had the external trapping of westernization denim jeans, English
medium education and so on.
I found this very puzzling because in most other metros, and state capitals, young people
of such a background would consider state imposed prohibition a serious assault on their
freedom. Therefore, I had long roadside conversations on this issue with several young
and middle aged persons. Their reasoning in favour of prohibition goes as follows:
People may occasionally drink in parties or even in the privacy of their homes but no
one in Gujarat dares indulge in drunken behaviour on streets or in public places due to
the official ban on liquor. The police have strict instructions to lock up such people right
away; they even publish their photographs in the local newspapers the next day. That
acts as the biggest restraining factor. Even when people drink in private parties, or
among friends, they do it in moderation so that even their parents often dont get to know.
Absence of drunkards in public places in an important reason why Gujarat is much safer
for women.
I asked a group of young people if they missed pub culture and discotheque parties. They
said:
Discotheques do exist in Gujarat but do not serve liquor. Abstaining from liquor is a very
small price to pay for a sense of safety and security. Gujaratis know how to enjoy life, but
we also know that drinking alcohol is not necessary for enjoyment. One can have a lot of
fun without alcohol consumption. Dont you see for yourself how relaxed the environment
is all around us even though it is now 12:30 am? You see families with young women and

even children enjoying their night out. In Delhi, people are afraid to get into a bus at 9
pm because buses are full of drunkards. The conductors dare not even insist on their
buying tickets because they know these alcoholics can turn violent. You wont find such
behaviour in Gujarat. People are much calmer and far less prone to picking up quarrels
in public or getting into violent fracas over petty matters. It is to do with social
restraints.
Almost all the working class men and women I conversed with also said that wife beating
on account of drunkenness and other forms of crimes have come down even in poor
bastis ever since bootlegging
mafias have been brought under
control.
It could well be said that
prohibition has been in force in
Gujarat since decades, so its
good or bad effects can't be
attributed to Modi. However,
liquor related criminality and
social violence has come down
in Gujarat for two reasons:

The bootlegging mafias

have been brought under
control. Their dominant
presence in bastis made Seized liquor bottles being destroyed by prohibition
the social environment
department officials in Gujarat
very unsafe for all,
especially women.
Due to relatively greater discipline among the police today, rowdy behaviour on
the streets or in public places whether by political dons or petty lumpens is dealt
with more strictly.

That is why even though liquor is freely available under the table, its consumption is far
more controlled than before and not visible in public spaces. Even private parties are far
more sober than in Mumbai or in the discotheques of Gurgaon.
I recognize that these are impressionistic accounts based on stray interviews with people I
spotted on the streets during three consecutive nights. But one is unlikely to get such
responses in most other states of India.
In Delhi, Gurgaon and Noida for instance, owners of showrooms in fancy malls where
the rich and famous go shopping, are beginning to request the concerned authorities to
shut down pubs because anti-social elements gather around such joints and make the
environment unsafe. Almost all pubs and discotheques hire marshals and musclemen as
bouncers to deal with the wealthy goondas who gravitate towards such places.

On July 12, 2012, a 16 year old girl was stripped and molested by around 30 men outside
a pub in full public view on G.S Road, one of the busiest places in Guwahati, Assam. She
had gone to celebrate a friends birthday. After her friends left, she was singled out and
attacked.
In Tenali, Andhra Pradesh, a 45 year old woman named Bethala Kanthasuneela was
beaten up and killed by a group of drunkards who emerged out of a local bar in a popular
shopping centre called Gandhi Chowk. They beat up and pushed the woman under a lorry
because she protested against their waylaying and assaulting her daughter, a B Tech
student. (As per report in The Hindu, 10 April, 2013. Such instances have become
common place on most states of India.
Several states of India have witnessed powerful anti-liquor movements with rural women
in the forefront. They have all demanded shut down of liquor shops in their respective
villages on following counts:

Drunkards are far more prone to beating up their wives and children;
Liquor consumption further impoverishes already poor households with liquor
addicts unable to control their urge even if it means starvation for the rest of the
family. It not only destroys the health of the man but also has an adverse effect on
the nutritional status of other family members and education of children.
Liquor shops attract anti-social elements and the village environment becomes
unsafe for all, especially women who fear stepping out of the house in the
evenings.
Liquor contracts are cornered by political mafias who are able to strengthen their
hold over the political and social life of villages due to their ill gotten wealth and
clout with the police.

Since the rural anti-liquor movements have mostly been organized by left leaning
organizations who mobilize poor peasants and the landless labourers, they received
enthusiastic endorsement of feminists. However, when urban communities protest against
proliferation of bars and pub culture, which also become gravitation centres for antisocial elements, it is condemned as a retrogressive and right wing demand aimed at
curbing individual freedom.
In almost all my conversations on the streets of Ahmedabad, the capital city of India
always emerged as a negative counterpoint and butt of jokes with regard to law and order
situation:
Aapke shehar mein to car parking ko lekar hi goliyan chal jaati hai, log ek doosre ka sir
phod dete hain. Zara si car mein kisi ne takkar laga di aur chota sa dent pad gaya, to
maara maari ho jaati hai. (People start shooting each other in your city because of a
petty conflict over car parking. If someone so much as puts a small dent on a persons
car, there is a major brawl) In Gujarat you dont see such behaviour. Nobody goes
berserk if their car is dented by another vehicle. People dont indulge in road rage here
like they do in Delhi.

Another group of couples told me:

We saw endless curfews in our growing up years. Some 1112 years ago any and every
festival brought tension, riots and curfews. We feel fortunate that our children are
growing up without seeing curfews. They dont even know what the word means. For us it
was a routine occurrence in our growing years. Before 2002, every Hindu and Muslim
festival would lead to clashes. Today, every community is able to celebrate its festivals in
peace, be it Eid or Navratras. No one lives in anxiety for their physical safety the way we
did when we were growing up. You will also not see brazen harassment on the streets as
happens in Delhi. No doubt boys go after girls. But you dont see them act like lumpens
as they do in Delhi. For the last so many years we have been coming here late at night
along with our young wives. Not once have we encountered any harassment. Girls freely
go around driving on their scooties past midnight. No one says anything to them.

This was indeed the most curious sight

for me any number of girls riding
their two wheelers alone or with another
female on pillion late into the night.
No one gave them a second look. Scooty
riders included young Muslim women.
This is not to imply Gujarat is crime
free, but most people I talked to on the
streets felt things were far far better than
they were earlier. I was told even that
the anti-rape agitation which swept
many towns and cities of India did not
evoke comparable response in Gujarat
Muslim women travelling alone late at night because women dont feel as unsafe.
are a common sight in Ahmedabad
Sparse Police Presence
The most remarkable thing about the city was the sparse presence of police on the
roads. In all three days that I spent walking or driving down with friends late into the
night, I did not see one police barricade for checking of vehicles something very
common in Delhi. This was particularly surprising because I reached Ahmedabad just
before Makar Sankranti-- the famed kite festival, as well as the high powered Gujarat
Summit in Gandhi Nagar. Therefore, a large contingent of ministers, ambassadors, and
corporate honchos from both India and abroad were commuting between Ahmedabad and
Gandhi Nagar. But barring security measures in and around the venue of the Summit, the
rest of the twin cities seemed as relaxed as ever. No one mentioned any crackdown on
Muslim or Dalit or poor neighbourhoods. No mention of preventive detentions of
randomly targeted people. It is noteworthy that Modi himself is on top of the hit list of

jehadi Muslim groups who have vowed revenge against him for 2002 riots. And yet, not
once did I witness traffic being stopped to enable VIP movement.
By contrast, in Delhi even ordinarily, city roads are littered with police barricades even
on normal days especially at night. Motorists, scooterists truck drivers are routinely
stopped for checks at night. These barricades are placed so foolishly, checking of
vehicles done so brainlessly that all they achieve is nuisance for citizens and an
opportunity for police to fleece young couples returning home tipsy after partying as well
as truck and private taxi drivers.
Before the Republic Day and Independence Day in Delhi and other important cities, the
police arbitrarily pick thousands of poor people under draconian preventive detention
laws on the pretext of curbing goonda elements. Most of these people are innocent
rickshaw pullers, street hawkers who live on pavements and other homeless poor or slum
dwellers. Muslim youth are a favourite target. Nobody has bothered to ask that if those
locked up under preventive detention law are genuine goondas, why are they out in the
first place? Why round them up to show action before certain events involving VVIPs?
By all accounts of both Hindus and Muslims policing in Gujarat has become far more
professional in recent years. Even in Juhapura, I asked several men and women whether
the shadow of fear and insecurity they had earlier due to recurring communal riots still
persisted. None of them said they were afraid to go out at night -- be it to commercial
centres or in the Hindu majority areas. One cannot altogether rule out cases of police high
handedness but several Muslims I met said the message from the top was clear: No
discrimination against Muslims and heavy clamp down on goonda activities of both
Hindu and Muslim gangsters. However, I did meet a few Muslim shopkeepers near
Manek Chowk who did not express such positive sentiments towards the current regime.
But, despite persistent questioning, I could not get them to provide any concrete incidents
of lawlessness.
By all accounts, during the decades of religious polarization due to repeated riots,
especially during the 1990s, Muslims were really afraid to go into Hindu areas and vice
versa. This fear restrained people even when there were no riots. Even those few Muslims
who had good relations with many Hindus were afraid to go into a 100% Hindu
neighbourhood. Now that fear has gone. Today one finds any number of burka clad
Muslim women in 100 % Hindu areas even late at night.
It is noteworthy that Gujarat leads all states in the number of Muslim policemen posted in
thanas being 11% whereas the population of Muslims in Gujarat is 9%. This means
Gujarat is the only state which has more than proportional representation of Muslims at
the level it matters most the thana level. But this has been done without making any
song and dance about it.
Many Muslims, including the highly respected former ADG Police, A.I Syed told me:

"During Congress regimes, such goonda elements among the Muslims got a lot of
encouragement. There used to be a lot Muslim bhais (dons) in those days. That also
helped project a negative image of the Muslim community and created prejudice against
them. In the last decade or so, all these dons have been marginalized in a firm and
determined manner. Modi government has been tough on all kinds of anti social elements
whether of the VHP variety or the Muslim dons. So the space they occupied was
eliminated.
But most important of all, when the anti social elements among VHP and Bajrang Dal
were put in place and given the message that they wont be
allowed to get away with terrorizing Muslims, the Muslims
did not feel the need to have their own dons to confront Hindu
goondas. Modis scheme of things made them redundant.

A.I Syed, retired ADG

Police

Even today, the leadership of the Congress Minority Cell is in

the hands of dons.The Chairman of the Minorities Cell of
Congress in Gujarat is a man named Wazir Khan Pathan. He
writes B.A LLB for namesake and is a member of the High
Court Bar Association, but originally he is a bootlegger. He is
originally from Vishnagar, Mehsana district. Today the entire
leadership of Congress Party in Gujarat is in the hands of
Muslim dons which is why it is performing so poorly in
elections."

To quote Rais Khan Pathan, a former right hand man of Teesta Setalvad who later fell
out with her:
"All those Muslim areas that were once dreaded for
being dominated by antisocial elements into illicit liquor
brewing, smuggling contraband, drug peddling and other
crimes are now very safe because Modi came down
heavily
on
criminal
gangs

Hindu
or
Muslim. Therefore, Muslims did not rise in defence of
their communitys dons. But police crackdown alone
cannot marginalize goondas and people in illicit
trades. Today, there are innumerable legitimate avenues
for economic advancement available to Muslims, along
Rais Khan Pathan
with massive increase in educational opportunities.
Therefore young Muslims of today feel no attraction for crime. Take my own example; I
had a flourishing gutka manufacturing business based in Mumbai. But my biggest supply
chain was in Gujarat. Now there is strict enforcement of gutka ban in the state because
of its cancer causing effects. But I dont mind the ban because I could easily switch over
to other businesses and make decent money.

These days mafia elements are all into real estate business which is apparently
dominated by wealthy Patels. This is where big money is made since Gujarat is
industrializing and urbanizing at a fast pace
Since I have not yet looked into the real estate business aspect, it is difficult for me to
comment on the nature of criminal activity in that field. However, one thing is for sure,
the general perception of the public is that Gujarat is not crime infested. The sense of
optimism and citizen safety is palpable.
A Muslim businessman who prefers to remain anonymous told me:
"Ask any police officer-, he will tell you that policing in Gujarat has become much easier
because there is no political interference by neither of the chief minister nor anyone else
in the government. They say: We have been allowed real professional autonomy to do
our job well with a clear mandate that we have to be non-partisan and even handed.
The same officer told me that the police stations in Muslim areas today have the lightest
work load because criminal activities have come down dramatically in these
areas. Earlier, Dariapur and Kalupur in Ahmedabad were the epicentres of anti-social
activities. Most of the riots of the previous 50 years invariably started from these areas
and spread from there to the rest of the city. But in the last 10 years, not a single such
incident has been registered. For one, liquor and gambling dens have almost
disappeared from these areas. Earlier, leave alone Hindus, even the educated among
Muslims used to hesitate to go into those areas. But these areas are not feared any more.
You see a lot of new construction activity in those areas because of new prosperity and
hardly any crime. Crime prone cities are those where there are organized criminal
gangs. Such gangs dont operate with impunity in Ahmedabad or other cities.
That is why we dont have incidents of women being abducted or little children held for
ransom or trafficked in the way it is happening in Delhi. You have seen for yourself how
young girls are seen riding on scooters in Gujarat well past midnight.
I dont say Gujarat has zero crime. No country in the world can claim that. But the crime
rate is much lower than in other states and organized gangs have been brought under
tight control. Earlier the Shiv Sena, Bajrang Dal, etc. used Hindu goondas while
Congress patronized Muslim goondas. But since Hindu goondas have been defanged,
Muslim areas have also gotten rid of their bootleggers and other criminals. You should
check with the police how Muslim areas have become far easier to police due to a very
low crime rate."
I do intend to check these claims during the course of my Gujarat study.

10
Neither a Rambo Act Nor a Publicity Gimmick
Modi Led Relief Efforts in Uttarakhand

When Saturday evening T.V channels brought the news that Narendra Modis visit to
Uttrakhand to oversee relief operations had kicked off a major political storm, I decided
to go and check for myself whether this was indeed a cheap publicity gimmick as alleged
by the Congress and its minions or a serious response to a humongous tragedy. During
the course of my study of post 2002 Gujarat, I had heard glowing accounts of how
Narendra Modi had handled the reconstruction of towns and villages affected by the Bhuj
earthquake. Even during the Surat floods, Modi combined efficient short term relief with
long term measures to avert such tragedies. All that was in past tense. I wanted to see if
the Disaster Management system was still in place.
Those who disparagingly called Modi a Rambo or a publicity hungry politician have no
clue what they are dealing with. He is an institution builder par excellence and a
statesman who believes in using state power to serve people and knows how to do it. This
is proved by the fact that:

Gujarat today has a fighting fit bureaucracy because it was enabled to develop
expertise, team spirit and deliver results under the most adverse circumstances. It
is also empowered and encouraged to take on-the-spot decisions rather than wait
to seek permission from higher ups.

The Gujarat Disaster Management Authority (GDMA) has become a thoroughly

professional institution capable of responding to natural or manmade disasters. It
has a 24x7 monitoring system and well publicized helpline numbers well known
to Gujaratisboth in the country and abroad.
Modi has succeeded in conveying to the citizens of Gujarat that the Government
is always there to serve them. That is why the first response of Gujaratis
anywhere in the world is to contact the CMs office if they are caught in a
calamity. He himself acts with lightning speed, anticipating problems and finding
advance solutions rather than be overwhelmed by them.
Modis deep personal knowledge of every region of India and contacts with an
amazing range of people and institutions in almost every part of India, thanks to
the years he spent as a pracharak are a big asset in responding creatively to
sudden challenges.

For example, Modi arrived in Delhi late 17th night for a meeting with the Planning
Commission on 18th when news of cloudburst and landslides was telecast on TV. He held

an emergency meeting to take stock of the situation since he knew that thousands of
Gujaratis are likely to be among the Chardham pilgrims. Due to his close personal
knowledge of Uttrakhand he anticipated it had the makings of a major tragedy. Right
away, a camp office was opened at Gujarat Bhavan and the Resident Commissioners
team in Delhi were made responsible for coordinating with Gujarati pilgrims.
On 18th morning, Modi called Dr Pranav
Pandya of the All World Gayatri Parivar to
provide space and infrastructure in his
Shanti Kunj campus for the relief centre
proposed to be set up by the Gujarat
Government. He chose this campus because
of his close knowledge of and rapport with
this Gandhian institution which can house
and feed thousands of people at short notice.
It has a 2000 strong community of dedicated
swayam sevaks on the campus plus 3000
odd students of the Dev Sanskriti University
who are also infused with the seva bhav that
The relief centre set up by the
is the hallmark of Gayatri Pariwar. The 90
Government of Gujarat in Dehradun
acre campus also has a well-run
with the help of Gayatri Pariwar
hospital. This institution for social service
and national reconstruction was set up by Acharya Ram Sharma who took his inspiration
from Mahatma Gandhi whose message of service is infused in every aspect of Gayatri
Pariwar.
Modis personal rapport with Dr Pandya dates back to his pracharak days. Gayatri
Pariwar had also joined hands with Gujarat Government during the reconstruction work
in earthquake affected villages in Bhuj. Therefore, this was a tried and tested institution
for Modi. Even on its own it was also providing food, blankets and other necessities to
stranded pilgrims and local population
through the air force helicopters.
One phone call to Dr Pandya on the 18th P K Parmar, Principal Secretary and Relief
and by the same evening a set of Commissioner at relief centre in Dehradun
computers with internet connection,
along with telephone lines, T.V and all
other paraphernalia required for Gujarat
Governments Relief Operation set up.
Therefore, when a team of Gujarat
Government IAS, IPS and IFS officers
led by Principal Secretary and Relief
Commissioner P K Parmar came, they
could get going within minutes of
reaching Shanti Kunj. Their team
included two officers who hail from

Uttarakhand with close knowledge of the terrain to guide both the stranded pilgrims as
well as rescue teams on the safest possible routes to take. Assistant Director General of
Police Mr Bisht who hails from Uttarakhand went straight to Gupta Kashi from where the
rescue operations are being launched. He has trekked to Kedarnath, Gaurikund and other
places to track down trapped pilgrims. A team of seven doctors trained in handling such
emergencies, led by an orthopaedic surgeon, not only put in place an efficient first aid
service but were also attending to those severely injured. Here again the approach was
pro-active. They went to other relief camps and railway stations to attend to non-Gujarati
pilgrims as well.
The mandate of Team Gujarat in
Uttarakhand is: take good care of
rescued pilgrims as they arrive. But once
they are recovered, send them home at
the earliest possible in the most
comfortable manner. Dont worry about
expenditure or numbers.This is the
standard
approach
of
Gujarat
government: 'Plan for all, not a set
number. Be prepared to handle as many
as need the services rather than turn
away people for lack of resources.'
As always, officers on the ground have
Fleet of buses mobilized by the Government been empowered to take on the spot
of Gujarat to transport rescued pilgrims
decisions, to decide how many luxury
buses or taxis they need, how many pilgrims need to be sent by air and what kind of air
craft to order. It is not as if the rich are being sent by air and the poor by buses. The
decision is need based.
Thus when Modi landed in Dehradun, Team Gujarat was already in control. Far from
attacking the state government, he offered all possible help to CM Bahuguna. In addition,
he synergized resources, energized BJP workers to get going, not just for immediate
relief but also long term reconstruction work. All his officers were provided phone
numbers of BJP functionaries of all 190 blocks in Uttrakhand and vice versa. As usual he
worked 20 hours a day to guide and streamline the operations. The spirited enthusiasm of
Gujarat govt staff and BJP workers had to be seen to be believed.
I saw senior IAS officers working 24x7 alongside very junior staff in one single room as
a close knit team.
Similar help counters have been set up at the railway stations and airports in Gujarat to
help people reach their homes safely.
Congress Party is understandably upset because the UPA government is not only scam
ridden but also rudderless. Congress run state governments have proved either lackluster

or disastrous as in Uttarakhand. Congress party machinery is in disarray, Congress Sewa

Dal workers are nowhere in sight, Rahuls Youth Brigade is clueless even in routine
situations, leave alone know how to face a crisis like the Uttarakhand deluge.
Phobic responses to Modi and hate campaigns against him for doing the right thing make
the Congress Party look ridiculous in its vulnerability and heightens its image of
incompetence and venality.
An edited version of this article was published in The Economic Times on 26th
June, 2013

11

The Gujarat Lokayukta Controversy

Media Peddles Partisan Propaganda

When it comes to Narendra Modi, even the doyens of Indian journalism forget the most
elementary norms of ethical journalism. When Justice Mehta wrote a letter refusing to take
charge as the Lokayukta and making all manners of allegations against the Gujarat government,
every newspaper published his version in full, making him out to be a knight in shining armour
and a martyr to the authoritarian whims of Narendra Modi. No newspaper or TV channel
reporting this story thought it fit to publish the version of Gujarat Government. Now that I am
studying post 2002 Gujarat, I decided to dig out the facts for myself. Here is a summary of what
I found:
The Partisan role of the Governor: The Congress party has a long tradition of misusing the
office of the Governor tocreate trouble for non-Congress state governmentsfrom arbitrarily
dismissing duly elected state governments to creating endless hurdles in the day to day
functioning of State governments.
Governor Kamla Beniwal has taken this adversarial role to
unprecedented heights. Her predecessor Nawal Kishore Sharma,
though a Congressman, had an extremely cordial and warm
relationship with Gujarat chief minister and often praised Narendra
Modis development centric governance. He is remembered for
upholding the dignity of the Governors office in letter and spirit.
However, Governor Kamla Beniwal has been at loggerheads with
the Gujarat government from the very day she was appointed on 27
November 2009. She herself is far from an epitome of integrity.
Among other things, she has been accused of grabbing land in
Rajasthan through a farmers' cooperative society -- Kisan Samuhik
Krishi Sahkari Samiti--which is alleged to have committed a lot of
irregularities. According to the Registrar of Cooperative Societies,
Jaipur, in 2010, Beniwal pressured the Ashok Gehlot government to
drop the proceedings for dissolution of this cooperative society.

Nawal Kishore Sharma

Constitutional Restraints Expected of Governor: Article 163 of the Indian Constitution

mandates that the Council of Ministers is to aid and advice the Governor in the exercise of
his/her functions. The Council of Ministers is headed by the Chief Minister and therefore, in all
important matters requiring Governors participation, she cannot ride roughshod over the views
of the Chief Minister and his council of ministers. Nor can the Governor initiate and take
arbitrary decisions or make appointments at her will, leave alone of a crucial office such as that
of the Lokayukta. The Chief Minister as the Head of the Council of Ministers is an important
player in such appointments.
But Governor Beniwal has acted as the fighting sword of the Congress
Party in Gujarat, obstructing any and every move of the Gujarat
governmentfrom enactment of new laws or appointments that require
her signatureswith a view to making life as difficult as she can for
the Narendra Modi government. Several new laws passed by the
Gujarat Assembly to streamline administration have been withheld
consent of the Governor.
The legal position as well as the protocol expected with regard to the
appointment of the Lokayukta is that there be effective and meaningful
Kamla Beniwal
consultation between the executive head of the state, namely the Chief
Minister, the Chief Justice of the state and the Leader of the Opposition for selecting a suitable
person for this important post. However, the Gujarat Governor acted as though she alone was
the appointing authority. The Supreme Court has in fact passed strong strictures against her
trying to overreach and step far beyond the powers granted to her under the Constitution.
Sequence of events pertaining to appointment of Justice R. A. Mehta as Lokayukta: Modi
Bashers have indulged in a systematic misinformation campaign through a pliant media that the
Gujarat government has resisted the appointment of Lokayukta for 7 long years. Facts tell a
contrary story.
Way back in 2006, Chief Minister Narendra Modi himself initiated the process for the
appointment of Lokayukta. The State Government wrote a letter to the Chief Justice of the
Gujarat High Court eliciting his views on the proposed appointment of Justice K. R. Vyas,
former Chief justice of Bombay High Court as the Lokayukta.
1.The then Chief Justice of Gujarat High Court consented to the name.
2. Simultaneously, the Governor was also requested to consider the appointment of Justice K. R.
Vyas. Several months later, the proposal was returned back from the Raj Bhavan expressing
reservations and seeking clarifications regarding the appointment of Justice Vyas.
3. The clarifications sought for by the Raj Bhavan were provided to her with a request to
consider the name of Justice K. R. Vyas for appointment as Lokayukta. However, the Governor
turned down the request.

4. Thereafter, the Chief Minister requested the Chief Justice to suggest a panel of three retired
Judges of the High Court of Gujarat for consideration for appointment as Lokayukta, on receipt
of which, the formal procedure for appointment as stipulated in the Act would be undertaken
afresh. The Chief Justice proposed four names: 1) Justice Pravinsingh Motisinh Chauhan2)
Justice Babulal Chandulal Patel 3) Justice Ramesh Prabhudas Dholakia4) Justice Jayprakash
Ramakant Vora (in no order of preference)
Governor Beniwal Exceeds Her Brief & Collaborates with Leader of Opposition: The
Chief Minister then requested the Leader of Opposition to participate in the process of
consultation for appointment of Lokayukta. However, the latter raised an objection that under
the provisions of the Gujarat Lokayukta Act, there is no scope for consultation with the Chief
Minister of the State either by the Governor or by the leader of opposition.
In blatant violation of her constitutional role, in September 2009, the Governor while turning
down the proposal to appoint Justice K. R. Vyas sent a confidential letter to the Chief Justice of
the Gujarat High Court requesting him to suggest a panel of names for consideration for
appointment as Lokayukta of Gujarat.
Meanwhile Governor Beniwal independently carried out consultation with the Leader of the
Opposition without informing the Chief Minister. At this, the State Government requested for a
factual clarification of her role. She communicated to the Chief Minister that she had already
held meetings with the Leader of Opposition for deciding on the Lokayukta. She further stated
that the Lokayukta Act did not provide for Chief Minister holding consultation with the Leader
of Opposition and that the CM had no role in the appointment of Lokayukta.
The Chief Minister did not accept the Governors interpretation of the Lokayukta Act and
considering the importance of the institution and the protocol requirements, again requested the
Leader of Opposition to attend the next meeting for consultation process to finalize the name of
the Lokayukta. The latter declined to participate and requested the Chief Minister to terminate
the process of consultation forthwith as the Governor had already held the necessary
consultation.
Meanwhile the formal process of consultation that had been initiated earlier by the Chief
Minister was scheduled on 5th March, 2010 in which the Leader of Opposition chose to remain
absent. Thereafter, Governor Beniwal invited the Chief Minister to discuss the issue and this
meeting took place on the 8th March, 2010.
Following this meeting the Chief Minister made one last attempt to secure the cooperation of
the Leader of the Opposition in the consultation process and sent him a letter on 18.3.2010 that
a meeting had been convened on 22.3.2010 for arriving at an agreement on the name of the
Lokayukta. He also let it be known that it was for the last time that he was making a request to
attend the meeting for consultation process in the matter. Chief Minister quoted all the relevant
judgments of the High Courts/ Supreme Court including the relevant and operative portion to
emphasize the factual, legal and constitutional position in the matter.

On 22.3.2010, the CM received a letter from the Leader of Opposition stating that he had
already been called for the consultation process by the Governor on 4.3.2010 and since the
consultative process was already over and there cannot be two consultations on the same
subject-- once by the Governor and second by the Chief Minister and/or the Council of
Ministers. At the end of the letter, the Leader of Opposition mentioned that Chief Minister
should not persist in undertaking an exercise of consultation by him which lacks legal, moral
and constitutional authority.
Governor Sabotages Justice Voras name: The formal meeting
chaired by the Chief Minister on 22.3.2010 considered all the four
names as recommended by the Chief Justice vide his letter dated
24.2.2010 and found that only Justice J. R. Vora was available for
appointment. Since he was found suitable, the CM decided to
recommend his name for approval by Council of Ministers. The
State Council of Ministers approved the proposal to appoint Justice
J. R. Vora as Lokayukta on 31.3. 2010 and his name was forwarded
to the Governor for her consent. It is important to remember that
Justice Voras name had not been arbitrarily picked by the CM;
it had come from the Chief Justice.

Justice J R Vora(Retd)

Nearly 5 weeks later, the Governor chose to refer the matter to the Chief Justice of Gujarat High
Court without informing the State Government or the Chief Minister. Seven months later, the
Chief Justice of the High Court informed the Government that he had given Justice J. R. Vora
an alternative appointment as the Director, Gujarat State Judicial Academy even though he had
been recommended for appointment as Lokayukta by the State Council of Ministers. It is
noteworthy that Justice Voras alternative appointment happened without keeping the State
Government either informed or taking it into confidence.
Arbitrary Appointment of Justice Dave by the Governor: More than one year from the date
of the Council of Ministers resolution approving the appointment of Justice J. R. Vora, the
Governor of Gujarat responded on 7.6. 2011 informing the Government for the first time that
some parallel process occurred between the Governor and the Chief Justice following which the
name of Justice Dave has emerged as the candidate for appointment as Lokayukta and hence,
this matter be expeditiously processed. Responding to this, the State Government, through the
Chief Minister responded to the Chief Justice of the Gujarat High Court stating that it considers
Justice Dave to be inappropriate for the appointment, and that given his age ( 80 years at that
time) and state of health, Justice Dave was himself unwilling to assume the responsibility. The
CM again requested that the name of Justice J. R. Vora be reconsidered for appointment,
especially since Justice Vora had shown willingness to take on the job.

The Chief Justice chose to ignore the request and suggested the
name of Justice R. A. Mehta for appointment vide his letter
dated 7.7.2011. Responding to this, Chief Minister in his letter
dated16.7.2011brought to the attention of the Chief Justice
certain valid reasons for objecting to the appointment of Justice
Mehta as the Lokayukta.Firstly, Justice Mehta had crossed the
age of 75 years and given 5 year tenure of this jobstate
government felt that Mehta may not be suitable for the arduous
duties of Lokayukta. More importantly, Justice Mehta had
provided enough evidence of being openly biased by making
Justice R A Mehta public statements on several forums against the state
government. Gujarat government argued that given his ideological predilections, open hostility
to the state government as well as involvement with NGOs who had been running a vilification
campaign against Gujarat Government, he was not really qualified for the job. The CM once
again requested the Chief Justice that since Justice J. R. Vora was a part of panel recommended
by the Chief Justice himself, his name should be reconsidered.
The Chief Justice responded by saying that there was nothing on record which would make Shri
Mehta ineligible for the post of Lokayukta. Meanwhile, the Governor sent further reminders to
the State Government to expeditiously send a formal recommendation to her as regards Shri
Mehtas name for appointment. The Leader of Opposition also conveyed to the Chief Minister
that he had already given his consent to the Governor on the recommendation of name of Shri
Mehta.
Chief Ministers Case against Justice Mehta: On 18.08.2011, the Chief Minister, once again,
addressed the following letter to the Chief Justice raising several questions regarding the
suitability of Justice (Retired) R.A.Mehta for the post of Lokayukta citing concrete instances
which displayed a prejudiced mind on the part of Justice Mehta against the present
administration. The Chief Minister pointed out that the job of a Lokayukta required a person
known to be impartial and fair minded while Mehta had been openly hostile to the state
government from the very start. Therefore, the CM requested that another name of a recently
retired judge may be recommended. The contents of the above letter dated 18.8.2011 deserve to
be read in full:
Kindly refer to your confidential d.o. letter dated 2nd August, 2011 wherein you
have again recommended the name of HonbleMr. Justice (Retired) R.A. Mehta for
appointment as Lokayukta, Gujarat State.While there cannot be any question of
ineligibility of a person for appointment to the post of Lokayukta, Gujarat State
merely because of his association with one or more NGOs, nor can it be said that a
person who is working for a social cause after retirement would be disqualified
for appointment to the post of Lokayukta. But the question in the case of Honble Mr.
Justice (Retired) R.A. Mehta is of his evident preconceived notion of bias against the
present political dispensation. I am not making this statement without any basis. You
may like to peruse some of the utterances of Honble Mr. Justice (Retired) R.A.
Mehta in different public fora:-

The marooning of Surat city and district and other areas of Gujarat could have
been averted if the release of Narmada water from Ukai dam had been started 3642 hours earlier with a rationalised flow rather than releasing 9 lakh cusecs of
water from August 7 that was increased to 11 lakh cusecs within 24 hours.
The wrong policies of the Gujarat Government to fill the dam to its maximum
capacity in attempt to avoid shortage of drinking and irrigation waters had
caused the floods.
(Peoples Committee on Gujarat Flood2-2006 A fact-finding Committee set up
by two NGOs concluded that the flood was a man-made disaster. The PCGF was
headed by Shri R.A. Mehta)
It may be noted that Shri R.A. Mehta had pre-judged the issue without even
verifying the facts. Later on, the Commission headed by Hon. Ms. Justice
(Retired) Sugnaben Bhatt came out with different findings in the Report dated
7.7.2008. (Source : oneindia.in 10th July, 2007 copy enclosed)
In March 2002, Shri R.A. Mehta had called on the Chairperson of the NHRC and
given an assessment of the situation highlighting the prevailing sense of insecurity
in the community in general and the minority community in particular.(Source :
NHRC Report, http.WWW.NHIC.IN)
You may also recall that Jan Sangharsh Munch had suggested the name of
HonbleMr. Justice (Retired) R.A. Mehta for Inquiry Commission headed by
HonbleMr. Justice Nanavati, after HonbleMr. Justice K.G. Shah, passed away.
This is an indirect testimony of the fact that HonbleMr. Justice (Retired) R.A.
Mehtas acceptability with the detractors of the State Government is very high.
What we witnessed today must be just a glimpse of the condition of internal
displacement in Gujarat due to shameful 2002 violence. We as a panel
collectively say that there can be no denial that these people have been internally
displaced as a direct result of the communal riots of 2002. The position taken by
the State Government that all affected people were rehabilitated is clearly not
borne out. And this public hearing is proof that the State Government has not
fulfilled its responsibility. For five years the rights of these internally displaced
people have been denied to them.
(Shri R.A. Mehta was one of the panelists of AntarikVisthapitHakRakshaSamiti
which held public hearing in February, 2007)(Source : expressindia.com copy
enclosed)
After hearing the jury concluded that the depositions and related stories suggest
gross cover up and the spreading of a myth that there is no fear amongst the
minority community in Gujarat and that the dark nights of 2002 should be
forgotten as a nightmare. There is an intense, almost universal, sentiment of fear
and growing despair among Muslims in the State.

Shri R.A. Mehta was a Jury Member for Anhad and Centre for Social Justice which
held public hearing on 22nd February, 2011. (Source : daily.bhaskar.com copy
enclosed)

There is an intense, almost universal sentiment of fear and growing despair

among Muslim citizens of Gujarat

Shri R.A. Mehta was a Jury Member at the public hearing Tracing Lives of
Muslims in Gujarat Post 2002 organized jointly in Ahmedabad by several Human
Rights Associations. (Source : IMO admin Communalism, Indian State, 17th March,
2011 copy enclosed)
It can be seen from the above that the question is not of Shri R.A. Mehta maintaining
high standards in the society, or of not having made any public statement which is
detrimental to the society, but the question is of his preconceived opinion and strong
prejudiced mind-set against the present political dispensation in the State. While he
may be technically eligible for being considered for appointment as Lokayukta, the
moot question is whether such a person having a strong biased perspective for the
Government in the State if appointed as Lokayukta, will be able to perform his duty
with the high level of objectivity, judiciousness and impartiality expected of the
Lokayukta. In all fairness, the answer to this question will be in the negative.
Although, I have no personal reservation against the name of HonbleMr. Justice
(Retired) R.A. Mehta, but as the Head of the State Government, I am afraid, I may
not be able to accept the name of HonbleMr. Justice (Retired) R.A. Mehta, who, in
my view, cannot be considered the most suitable choice for the august post of
Lokayukta, Gujarat State.
The other important aspect of the age is also not in his favour. We need to have a
relatively younger person for the office of Lokayukta, Gujarat State, as the term for
the Lokayukta is of five years. Hence, it would be in the fitness of things, if you could
recommend the name of a Judge who has recently retired from the service.
I am sure you will take the contents of this letter in proper perspective and in right
spirit, and recommend another name for the vacant post of Lokayukta, Gujarat
State.
The Chief Minister simultaneously addressed a letter to the Governor refuting allegations of
delay on behalf of the State Government and pointing out that the delay was owing to a number
of constitutional, legal and procedural issues raised from time to time by the different
functionaries involved in the process of the appointment. He pointed out that the Governors
view that the Chief Justice must recommend a single name for the concerned Lokayukta post
instead of a panel of names was misplaced as it was not being followed by any of the other
States while appointing Lokayukta. Moreover, the State Government had raised certain specific
and valid reasons for not accepting the recommended name and which had been communicated
to the Chief Justice as well as the Governor and a response was awaited.
This letter was followed up by another request on 18.8.2011 by the Chief Minister stating that
the name of any other recently retired judge may be recommended for appointment as the
Lokayukta.

However, in brazen departure from established administrative norms and constitutional

decorum, on 25.8.2011 the Governor of Gujarat chose to appoint Justice R. A. Mehta as the
Lokayukta of Gujarat and issued the Warrant, ignoring the recommendations of the Council of
Ministers.
High Court Gives Split Verdict: The State Government decided to seek judicial redress and
filed a petition before the High Court of Gujarat challenging the appointment of Justice R. A.
Mehta and issuance of Warrant.A Division Bench (2-Judge Bench) heard the matter and gave a
split decision, with Justice Akil Kureshi holding the appointment to be valid and constitutional
and Justice Sonia Gokani in favour of quashing the appointment. Consequently, the Chief
Justice nominated a third Judge, Justice V.M. Sahai to hear and decide the matter. Justice Sahai,
on 18.1.2012 gave a judgment, concurring with Justice Akil Kureshi, and consequently the
appointment of Justice R.A. Mehta was upheld. But the State Government filed an SLP to the
Supreme Court challenging the decision of the High Court.
Supreme Courts Indictment of the Role of Governor: However, ignoring the SLP, the
Governor of Gujarat chose to arbitrarily appoint Justice R. A. Mehta as the Lokayukta. The
contention of the Gujarat government that under Article 163 the Governor is required to be
guided by the advice tendered by the council of ministers has been upheld by the Honble
Supreme Court in its judgment dated 2.1.2013:
....The Governor consulted the Attorney General of India for legal advice, and
communicated with the Chief Justice of the Gujarat High Court directly, without taking into
confidence the Council of Ministers. In this respect, she was wrongly advised to the effect
that she had to act as a Statutory Authority and not as the Head of the State .
The Supreme Court further made the following observation, regarding the role of the Governor:
i) it appears that the governor had been inappropriately advised and mistook her role, as
a result of which, she remained under the impression that she was required to act as a
statutory authority in the Act, 1986, and not as the Head of the State.
ii) The present Governor has misjudged her role and has insisted that under the Act, 1986,
the Council of Ministers has no role to play in the appointment of the Lokayukta, and that
she could therefore fill it up in consultation with the Chief Justice of the Gujarat High Court
and the Leader of Opposition. Such attitude is not in conformity or in consonance with the
democratic set up of Government envisaged. Therefore, the appointment of the Lokayukta
can be made by the Governor, as the Head of the State, only with the aid and advice of the
Council of Ministers and not independently as a Statutory Authority.
iii) The Governor consulted Attorney General of India for legal advice and communicated
with the Chief Justice of the Gujarat High court directly without taking in to confidence the
Council of Ministers. In this respect, she was wrongly advised to the effect that she had to
act as a Statutory Authority and not as the Head of the State.

All Required Courtesies Extended to Justice Mehta Pending Apex courts Decision Even
though his Appointment Itself was Malafide: Despite all this, the State Government accorded
all courtesies that are due to the Lokayukta designate. For example, the Supreme Court of India
delivered its judgment on 2.1.2013 disallowing the appeal of the State Government. Thereafter,
the State Government, speaking through the Cabinet Minister for Law welcomed Justice R. A.
Mehtas appointment as Lokayukta and deputed K. Srinivas, Secretary of the General
Administration Department and Kamal Trivedi, Advocate General of the Gujarat State to
formally invite Justice R. A. Mehta to assume office. Both these functionaries called on Justice
R. A. Mehta at his residence on 6.1.2013 and communicated the State Governments decision.
Contrary to allegations made by Justice Mehta in his letter dated 9. 8. 2013, the State
Government extended him full cooperation. In the meeting of 6.1.2013 at the residence of the
Justice Mehta, he was given a copy of the current staffing pattern of the Lokayukta
establishment and it was indicated that Government was willing to make any changes deemed
appropriate. It was also brought to the notice of the Lokayukta designate that the State
Government would be making adequate budgetary provision in the ensuing budget to meet with
all required expenditure. Accordingly, budget provision for the office of the Lokayukta was
raised to Rs. 63.40 lakh from Rs. 33.40 lakh in the year 2009-10. In addition, to enable the
assumption of office by the Lokayukta designate arrangements for transportation including
intent for a new car was made.
Charges of Delay in holding Swearing in Ceremony: It is an established administrative
convention that a swearing in Ceremony for high public offices is organized to enable the
dignitary to enter into office after completing due formalities. Thereafter on assumption of
office, a notification is issued intimating the public at large that the dignitary has commenced
work in the office. This is the practice with respect to appointments of Governors, the Chief
Ministers, Members of the Council of Ministers and so on.
In the case of appointment to the office of Lokayukta also a similar procedure was under way.
The Governor of Gujarat had issued a warrant of appointment. After the culmination of judicial
inquiry on the subject, the Secretary of the General Administration Deptt., Govt. of Gujarat, K.
Srinivas wrote a letter dated 26. 7. 2013 informing the Lokayukta designate to intimate a
convenient date to organize a swearing-in Ceremony. A Notification would have followed this
swearing in. This letter was issued and delivered to the residence of Justice Mehta and it was
learnt that he was abroad during that period and was likely to return on around the 6.8.2013.
While the State Government was making all preparations for organizing the swearing in
ceremony and while office complex of the Lokayukta was under speedy preparation by the State
Roads and Buildings Department, the State government received through the media the letter
written by the Lokayukta Designate to the Governor declining the post of Lokayukta while
levelling false charges against the state government.
Justice Mehtas charges amount to challenging the right of the state government to seek redress
from the higher judiciary to establish whether Indias federal structure allows the Governor of a
State to act in a unilateral, arbitrary manner or should he/she function as per the Constitution
under the aid and advice of the Council of the Ministers? The Supreme Court has upheld this

contention of the State Government and has held in categorical terms that the Governors action
was ill advised.
Justice Mehta also charged the state government of spending Rs 45 crore of public money in
this litigation. Here again there is a factual error, not expected of a High Court judge. As per
the state government which has to get its accounts audited, the amount spent on prolonged
litigation forced by the Governor is Rs 1.6 crores, not 45 crores.
Subverting Indias Federal Structure: The issue is not just of constitutional proprieties being
violated by the Governor in appointing the Lokayukta. The issue is of much deeper importanceconsistent misuse of the office of the Governor by the Central Government to undermine Indias
federal structure and subvert the functioning of duly elected state governments. However,
instead of highlighting the unconstitutional and arbitrary acts of the Governor, the media as
always has chosen to publish highly partisan version to lend support to their on-going incessant
campaign to demonize Modi.
Contradictory Judgements by the Supreme Court in the case of Karnataka &Gujarat
Lokayukta Appointment: In a similar matter a parallel bench of the Supreme Court has even
upheld the primacy of the views of the political executive in the selection process of the
Lokayukta in Karnataka case and this judgment was delivered less than 9 days after the Gujarat
case. The SLP was decided by the Supreme Court in State of Gujarat &Anr. Vs. Honble Justice
(Retd.) R.A Mehta hereinafter known as the Gujarat case on the 2nd of January 2013 by a
bench of Justice B.S Chauhan and Justice Fakkir Mohammad Kalifulla in the matter of the
appointment of Justice R.A Mehta as the Lokayukta for the state of Gujarat. (State of Gujarat &
January
2013.
Anr.
Vs.
Honble
Justice
(Retd.)
R.A
Mehta,
2nd
(http://www.indiankanoon.org/doc/182101909/)
On the 11th of January, 2013, a similar case was decided by the Supreme Court in Mr. Justice
Chandrashekhariah (Retd. )Vs. Jankere C. Krishna & Anr. hereinafter known as the Karnataka
case by Justice K.S Radhakrishnan and Justice Madan Lokur in separate judgments which
together form one judgement, in the matter of the appointment of Justice Chandrashekhariah
(Retd.) as the Upa Lokayukta of Karnataka. (Mr Justice Chandrashekharaiah( Retd.) vs. Jankere
C. Krishna & Anr.,11th January 2013 (http://indiankanoon.org/doc/15999541/)
However, even though the sum and substance of the matters in both the cases were very similar,
the decisions were quite contrary.
When such obvious contradiction emerged, the State Government felt it was well within its
rights to approach the Supreme Court of India to clarify the legal position. This was in addition
to the ambiguity that resulted due to the unilateral action of the Governor in deciding on the
appointment.
There are three main grounds on which the judgments spell out differently.

There is a divergence of views in the interpretation of section 3, which deals with the
Appointment of the Lokayukta with regards to the language used in the description of
the section.
The role of the various authorities involved in the consultation process.
Regarding the primacy and supremacy of the Chief Justice/ Chief Minister of the
concerned state.

Primacy of the Chief Justice Vs Chief Minister: In the Gujarat case, it was inferred that the
Chief Justice has primacy of opinion in the matter of consultation on the basis of the fact that,
the Chief Justice of the High Court of the concerned State, is the most appropriate
person to judge the suitability of a retired Judge, who will act as the Lokayukta and the
object of the Act would not be served, if the final decision is left to the executive. The
opinion of the Chief Justice would be entirely independent, and he would most certainly be
in a position to determine who the most suitable candidate for appointment to the said
office is. This Court has, therefore, explained that, the primacy of the opinion of the Chief
Justice must be accepted, except for cogent reasons, and that the term consultation, for
such purpose shall mean concurrence.
The functions of the Lokayukta and the Upa Lokayukta do not change from state to state. It is
unclear how the Chief Justice is the authority of primacy in one state, but not in another. In the
Karnataka case, para 33 of Justice Radhakrishnans judgment states that Lokayukta and Upa
Lokayukta, while investigating the matters are discharging quasi-judicial functions, though the
nature of functions is investigative. And on the basis of this, it is decided that the Chief Justice
need not be the supreme authority in making the decision of appointing the upa Lokayukta.
In Karnataka case Supreme Court declared appointment of Lokayukta invalid due to the absence
of effective consultations with the CM:
In para 66, Justice Radhakrishnan specifies that:
The Chief Minister, in my view, has however committed an error in not consulting the Chief
Justice of the High Court in the matter of appointment of Justice Chandrashekaraiah as Upa
Lokayukta. Records indicate that there was no meaningful and effective consultation or
discussion of the names suggested among the consultees before advising the Governor for
appointment to the post of Upa Lokayukta. The appointment of Justice Chandrashekaraiah as
Upa Lokayukta, therefore, is in violation of Section 3(2)(b) of the Act since the Chief Justice of
the High Court was not consulted nor was the name deliberated upon before advising or
appointing him as Upa Lokayukta, consequently, the appointment of Justice Chandrasekharaiah
as Upa Lokayukta cannot stand in the eye of law and he has no authority to continue or hold the
post of Upa Lokayukta of the State.
The decision was thus declared void when it was proved that the Chief Minister had acted in an
erroneous manner and appointed the Upa Lokayukta without consulting the Chief Justice, who
was to be one of the consulting authorities mentioned in section 3 (1) of the Act.. It quashed the

appointment mainly because the Chief Minister did not have an effective consultation with the
then Chief Justice of the Karnataka High Court.
However, in the Gujarat case, although the Bench agreed in Para 42 that-- the judgments
referred to hereinabove, do not leave any room for doubt with respect to the fact that, when the
Governor does not act as a statutory authority, but as the Head of the State, being Head of the
executive and appoints someone under his seal and signature, he is bound to act upon the aid
and advice of the Council of Ministers. The Governors version of events, stated in her letter
dated 3.3.2010, to the effect that she was not bound by the aid and advice of the Council of
Ministers, and that she had the exclusive right to appoint the Lokayukta, is most certainly not in
accordance with the spirit of the Constitution. It seems that this was an outcome of an improper
legal advice and the opinion expressed is not in conformity with the Rule of Law. The view of
the Governor was unwarranted and logically insupportable--they did not declare the decision
as void.
In spite of deciding the above, it is unclear how in Para 45, it is claimed that the consultation
was complete, when actually the Chief Minister of the State was never asked for any opinion
before making the appointment:
The facts mentioned hereinabove, make it crystal clear that the process of consultation
stood complete as on 2.8.2011, as 3 out of 4 statutory authorities had approved the name
of Justice R.A. Mehta and the Chief Justice provided an explanation to the Chief Minister
regarding the objections raised by the latter, with respect to the appointment of Justice
R.A. Mehta to the post of Lokayukta, vide letter dated 16.6.2011.
They still upheld the appointment of Justice Mehta as the Lokayukta even though the decision
had been made without consulting one of the key authorities mentioned in section 3 of the
Gujarat Lokayukta Act, 1986.
The Supreme Court claimed in the judgment of the review petition filed by the Gujarat
government that the provisions of the Gujarat Lokayukta Act and Karnataka Lokayukta Act are
different from each other and hence have to be interpreted differently. However, on using the
golden rule for interpretation (also known as the literal rule), it is clear that the consultations
with the Chief Minister and Chief Justice are definitely a vital part in the decision of
appointment of the Lokayukta and the Upa Lokayukta.
Justice Radhakrishnan, has expressed that:
If the Chief Minister proposes to suggest or advise any name from the source earmarked in the
statute, that must also be made available to the consultees so that they can also express their
views on the name, or names, suggested by the Chief Minister. Consultees can express their
honest and free opinion about the names suggested by the other consultees, including the Chief
Justice or the Chief Minister. After due deliberations and making a meaningful consultation, the
Chief Minister of the State is free to advise a name which has come up for consideration among
the consultees to the Governor of the State. The advice tendered by the Chief Minister will have
primacy and not that of the consultees including the Chief Justice of the High Court. The

Governor cannot appoint a person who does not fall in that source and satisfies the other
eligibility criteria If the schemes of both the acts for the states of Gujarat and Karnataka are
similar in nature, why is the Supreme Court not upholding this rule for the appointment of the
Lokayukta in Gujarat?
It is ironic that even after indicting the conduct of Governor Beniwal, the Supreme Court upheld
the appointment of Justice Mehta despite the fact that it recognized that due process had not
been followed in his selection.
Post script: Gujarat Governments Position Upheld also in Bihar Universities Case: On the
19th of August, 2013, the Supreme Court bench comprising Justice G.S. Singhvi and Justice
Kurian Joseph stayed the appointment of nine Vice Chancellors in various universities in Bihar
made unilaterally by the then Governor cum Chancellor Devanand Konwar. These
appointments were declared illegal simply because they were made without any effective
consultation with the state government. Mr. Konwar had already been reprimanded once in the
past for making two VC appointments without complying with the provisions mentioned in the
Bihar Universities Act, 1976 and the Patna University Act, 1976. The government had then
moved the Patna High Court and obtained orders declaring the two appointments void. The
High Court had also asked the chancellor to prepare a fresh panel and send it to the government
for consultation. When this panel of names was rejected by the government, the governor still
went ahead and made appointments just before his tenure ended. This decision was looked at by
the court as contemptuous disregard of orders passed by the high court and as illegal because
effective consultation had not been invited by the governor.
The facts leading to this Supreme Court judgment are uncannily similar in nature to the facts in
the appointment of the Gujarat Lokayukta. If the Supreme Court can give orders staying/
quashing appointments in situations where the Governor has taken a decision without fulfilling
his constitutional responsibility of consulting the government, it is baffling how it failed to
notice this discrepancy in the Gujarat Lokayukta case.

****
To be continued...
Responses and feedback welcome at madhukishwar@manushi.in