Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
HISTORY
There are early legends of human flight such as the story of Icarus, and Jamshid in
Persian myth, and later, somewhat more credible claims of short-distance human
flights appear, such as the flying automaton of Archytas of Tarentum (428347 BC),
the winged flights of Abbas IbnFirnas (810887), Eilmer of Malmesbury (11th
century), and the hot-air Passarola of BartolomeuLoureno de Gusmo (1685
1724).
The modern age of aviation began with the first untethered human lighter-than-air
flight on November 21, 1783, in a hot air balloon designed by the Montgolfier
brothers.
In 1799 Sir George Cayley set forth the concept of the modern airplane as a fixedwing flying machine with separate systems for lift, propulsion, and control. Early
dirigible developments included machine-powered propulsion (Henri Giffard, 1852),
rigid frames (David Schwarz, 1896), and improved speed and maneuverability
(Alberto Santos-Dumont, 1901).
Great progress was made in the field of aviation during the 1920s and 1930s, such
as Charles Lindbergh's solo transatlantic flight in 1927, and Charles Kingsford
Smith's transpacific flight the following year. One of the most successful designs of
this period was the Douglas DC-3, which became the first airliner that was profitable
carrying passengers exclusively, starting the modern era of passenger airline
service.
By the 1950s, the development of civil jets grew, beginning with the de Havilland
Comet, though the first widely-used passenger jet was the Boeing 707, because it
was much more economical than other planes at the time.
Since the 1960s, composite airframes and quieter, more efficient engines have
become available, and Concorde provided supersonic passenger service for more
than two decades, but the most important lasting innovations have taken place in
instrumentation and control. The arrival of solid-state electronics, the Global
Positioning System, satellite communications, and increasingly small and powerful
computers and LED displays, have dramatically changed the cockpits of airliners
and, increasingly, of smaller aircraft as well.
On June 21, 2004, SpaceShipOne became the first privately funded aircraft to make
a spaceflight, opening the possibility of an aviation market capable of leaving the
Earth's atmosphere.
BRANCHES OF AVIATION
Aviation
Civil
Aviation
Military
Aviation
General
Aviation
Civil
Transport
Civil Aviation is one of two major categories of flying, representing all non-military
aviation, both private and commercial. Most of the countries in the world are
members of the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) and work together to
establish common standards and recommended practices for civil aviation through
that agency.
Scheduled Air Transport, including all passenger and cargo flights operating
on regularly scheduled routes; and
General Aviation (GA), including all other civil flights, private or commercial
General Aviation includes all non-scheduled civil flying, both private and
commercial. General aviation may include business flights, air charter, private
aviation, flight training, ballooning, parachuting, gliding, hang gliding, aerial
photography, foot-launched powered hang gliders, air ambulance, crop dusting,
charter flights, traffic reporting, police air patrols and forest fire fighting.
Each country regulates aviation differently, but general aviation usually falls under
different regulations depending on whether it is private or commercial and on the
type of equipment involved.
Many small aircraft manufacturers serve the general aviation market, with a focus on
private aviation and flight training.
Military Aviation is the use of aircraft and other flying machines for the purposes of
conducting or enabling warfare, including national airlift (cargo) capacity to provide
logistical supply to forces stationed in a theater or along a front.
Air power includes the national means of conducting such warfare including the
intersection of transport and war craft. The wide variety of military aircraft includes
bombers, fighters, fighter bombers, transports, trainers, and reconnaissance aircraft.
These varied types of aircraft allow for the completion of a wide variety of objectives.
Types of military aviation
Ground attack aircraft are used against tactical earth-bound targets. (e.g.
Junkers Stuka, A-10, Il-2, J-22 Orao, AH-64 and Su-25).
Bombers are generally used against more strategic targets, such as factories
and oil fields. (e.g. Zeppelin, Tu-95, Mirage IV, and B-52).
Transport aircraft are used to transport hardware and personnel. (e.g. C-17
Globemaster III, C-130 Hercules and Mil Mi-26).
Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are used primarily as reconnaissance fixedwing aircraft, though many also carry payloads. Cargo aircraft are in
development. (e.g. RQ-7B Shadow, MQ-8 Fire Scout, and MQ-1C Gray
Eagle).
Missiles deliver warheads, normally explosives, but also things like leaflets.
AVIATION IN SINGAPORE
Aviation in Singapore is a key component of the Singaporean economy in its quest to
be a transport hub of the Asian region. Besides currently the sixth busiest airport and
the fourth busiest air cargo hub in Asia, the Singaporean aviation industry is also a
significant aerospace maintenance, repair and overhaul centre.
Pre War
In 1937, the Wearne Brothers launched the first commercial air service between
Singapore and Malaya. It was called Wearne Air Services. On 28 June 1937, a de
Havilland Dragon Rapide aircraft, the Governor Raffles, took off from Singapore to
Kuala Lumpur and Penang.
Post War
Malayan Airways Limited (MAL)was established on 1 May 1947, by the Ocean
Steamship Company of Liverpool, the Straits Steamship Company of Singapore and
Imperial Airways. The airline's first flight was a chartered flight from the British Straits
Settlement of Singapore to Kuala Lumpur on 2 April 1947 using an Airspeed Consul
twin-engined airplane.
Federation (1963)
When Malaya, Singapore, Sabah and Sarawak formed the Federation of Malaysia in
1963, the airline's name was changed, from "Malayan Airways" to "Malaysian
Airways". MAL also took over Borneo Airways. In 1966, following Singapore's
separation from the federation, the airline's name was changed again, to MalaysiaSingapore Airlines (MSA).
Split (1972)
MSA ceased operations in 1972, when political disagreements between Singapore
and Malaysia resulted in the formation of two entities: Singapore Airlines and
Malaysian Airlines System.
A study conducted in 2001 showed the aviation industry contributing about 5.5%, or
S$7.9 billion, to Singapores gross domestic product. It provided one in 20 jobs in the
country, or one in 17 jobs if the indirect impact of the sector on the rest of the
economy is taken into account. A different set of measures by the Economic
Development Board showed the industry having an output of S$3.8 billion in 2003,
contributing 1.2% to the GDP and employing over 11,000 people. In 2004, the
industry grew 16% to hit a record high of S$4.5 billion.
AVIATION IN INDIA
The Indian Aviation Industry is among the worlds fastest growing industries. It has
undergone huge transformation following the liberalization of the aviation industry in
India. Once owned by the Government, the aviation sector of India is now privately
owned with full service airways and affordable carriers. Almost 75% of the domestic
aviation sector consists of the private airlines.
Indian aviation industry ranks 4th in the world after USA, China, and Japan in terms
of domestic passenger volume, as per statistics released by Ministry of Civil Aviation.
Industry experts have predicted that not less than 50 million passengers will be
served by the India aviation industry by 2015. Widening opportunities in India will
create room for over 69 foreign airlines entering the Indian aviation sector from about
49 countries.
History/Evolution
The Aviation industry in India began with the birth of Tata Airlines, through the
business relationship between Mr. NevillVintcent, a Royal Air Force pilot and Mr.
JRD Tata, the first Indian to get an A-license. Tata Airlines became Air India in
August 1946. In 1953, the Air Corporation Act nationalized all existing airline assets
and established the Indian Airline Corporation and Air India International for
domestic and international air services respectively.
<1953 Nine Airlines existed including Indian Airlines & Air India
1994 Air Corporation act repealed; Private players can operate schedule
services
1995 Jet, Sahara, Modiluft, Damania, East West granted scheduled carrier
status
2012 Government allows direct ATF imports, FDI proposal for allowing foreign
carriers to pick up to 49% stake under consideration
There is clearly a shortage of trained and skilled manpower in the aviation sector as
a consequence of which there is cut-throat competition for employees which, in turn,
is driving wages to unsustainable levels. Moreover, the industry is unable to retain
talented employees.
Rising fuel prices
As fuel prices have climbed, the inverse relationship between fuel prices and airline
stock prices has been demonstrated. Moreover, the rising fuel prices have led to
increase in the air fares.
Poor infrastructure
Infrastructure remains a major obstacle for the Indian airline industry today, which
was aggravated further due to the excess capacity created in good times.
Maintenance and traffic control (ATC) infrastructure is completely inadequate, if the
industry is expected to grow further. While steps are taken on this front in order to
upgrade the major airports of Mumbai, Delhi and Hyderabad remain security
concerns. Attract private sector investment will go a long way in the development
and maintenance of the infrastructure is crumbling because of the built up excess
capacity.
Regional connectivity
Although the industry is burdened with excess capacity, regional connectivity
continues to be poor, mainly because of lack of infrastructure. Industry experts
speculate that the increase in regional networking, concentrating instead in the
subways and the reallocation of the current fleet of routes where the demand to help
airlines manage their excess capacity.
High input costs
Apart from the above-mentioned factors, the input costs are also high. Some of the
reasons for high input costs are:Withholding tax on interest repayments on foreign currency loans for aircraft
acquisition. Increasing manpower costs due to shortage of technical personnel.
Revitalize strategy
Eliminate duplication
Organizational accountability
Act decisively
Increased efficiency
Fuel
Labor
Maintenance
EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNTIES
The boom in the aviation sector is likely to generate nearly 2.5 lakh jobs by
the year 2014.
The study says that the civil aviation sector is also set to become a Rs
55,000-crore industry by the same time.
The industry is expected to add 130 airliners to its current fleet of 270
airliners, which would, in turn, increase manpower demand
The aviation industry employs about 3000 pilots and there is an immediate shortage
of 450 planes that will be added to the activity expanding Indian fleet in the next five
years and a shortage of additional 4,500 pilots stares us in the face (Total
requirement: 7500 pilots by2010)
Training to be a pilot can be a pretty expensive affair that can push you into a
financial air pocket! From April 2001 all DGCA-subsidized rates have been
discontinued. However, various states offer separate subsidies of varying amounts
up to the PPL stage. Considering the high cost of aviation fuel, you have to pay the
steep commercial rate, which is in the region of Rs.2750-3500 per hour. 40 free
flying scholarships are awarded to SC/ST trainee pilots every year. Under this
scheme, apart from free flying training, student pilots receive financialaid.
While a private school may charge as much as Rs.15-20 lakh, the cost of obtaining a
CPL in a government-sponsored school works out to Rs.10 lakh plus boarding and
lodging,
which
add
up
to
another
Rs.1,500/-p.m.
Salaries for commercial pilots are very attractive, ranging anywhere from Rs.40,
000/- to whopping Rs.4 lakh p.m., depending on the airline. Besides the obvious thrill
of going places and seeing the world in five-star comfort, there are several attractive
perks that go with the job.
QUALIFICATION NEEDED
Helicopter Pilots
Aptitude
There are certain attributes to be a Pilot. First of all, one should not be afraid of
heights and should have a passion to fly those machines.
A Pilot has to be quick thinker as he is the one who is responsible for the lives of
many. One should have patience, commitment, responsibility and self-confidence. A
lot of hard work, stamina, adaptability to follow difficult time schedules, good team
spirit etc., are also required in an aspirant. Most importantly, one must have
emotional stability in crisis situations.
Eligibility
To get a CPL, one should have passed 10+2 examination with Physics and
Mathematics and must be between the age of 18-30 years. The minimum height
should be 5 feet and eyesight 6/6.
Air
Hostess
Flight
Steward
The trouble free, comfortable and safe journey of a passenger is of prime importance
to the aviation sector. In this regard, it is an Air Hostess / Flight Steward whose role
becomes really crucial as they are the first one to welcome passengers aboard an
aircraft.
By the count, the various airlines in the country have almost 10,207 Cabin Crew
members in 2007-08 and the number is expected to grow to almost 20,284 by 201112.
Aptitude:
To be an Air Hostess or a Flight Steward, one should have common sense, sense of
responsibility, initiative quality, friendly outgoing personality, politeness, physical
stamina and the capacity to work for long hours on the feet.
Eligibility
The educational qualification for an Air Hostess / Flight Steward training programme
is 10+2 or a graduate degree with a diploma / degree in Hotel Management or
Tourism Management.
Flight
Purser
After three to five years, depending upon your performance, Flight Steward/Air
Hostess is eligible to become a Flight Purser. Your responsibilities increase as you
take over the charge of the Cabin Crew on board. Salaries generally get double up.
Ground
Job:
You can join here directly or after having served on the flight for long, you can opt for
ground jobs in sections like staff-training and human resource management in the
corporate
office.
Remuneration
The Cabin Crew can get up to Rs.40, 000 per month for domestic flights whereas
upto Rs.1, 50,000 for international flights on wide-bodied aircrafts. The ground staff
can also earn Rs.20, 000 - Rs.30, 000 per month.
TRENDS IN AVIATION
Trend 1 GREEN FLIGHT
A Swiss pilot completed the longest manned solar-powered flight ever. Andr Borschberg
flew the aircraft, called the Solar Impulse HB-SIA, for 26 hoursan entire day and night. The
flight was an important milestone for green aviation, since it demonstrated that a lithium
battery can hold enough charge for the plane to remain in-air at night, when no solar energy
is available.
The HB-SIA is able to store solar energy for nighttime flight (source: Solar Impulse).
The search-and-rescue drone plane can find lost hikers more accurately than humancontrolled helicopters (source: Brigham Young University)
Airbus conceptual plane features extra-long wings, a U-shaped tail and a highly
efficient fuselage.
ii.
iii.
iv.
b. Ground Operations:
i.
ii.
iii.
Fuelling operations
iv.
v.
Cargo Loading
ATC operations
ii.
iii.
d. Maintenance:
i.
Aircraft maintenance
ii.
Record keeping
e. Miscellaneous:
i.
The
Bureau of
Directorate General
of Civil Aviation
as a Cell in the
The BCAS was reorganized into an independent department on 1st April , 1987
under the Ministry of Civil Aviation as a sequel to the Kanishka Tragedy in June
1985. The main responsibility of BCAS are lay down standards and measures in
respect of security of civil flights at International and domestic airports in India.
Legislations
Aviation Security (AVSEC) Law & Policy of India are as below:
Jett8 Airlines
Scoot
SilkAir
Singapore Airlines
Tiger Airways
Valuair
Air India
Deccan Aviation
GoAir
IndiGo
Jet Airways
Kingfisher Airlines
SpiceJet
Air Asia
Social Media:AirAsia has taken giant and successful leaps on the social
media sphere, especially on Facebook and Twitter. The Malaysia-based
low-cost airline has a whopping 835,00 fans on their Facebook page and
100,000 followers on Twitter.
Demographics strategy: Air Asia key customer group are those who are
looking for cheap flights to countries located in Southeast Asia, and young
adults looking for a short weekend getaway trip to Thailand will most likely
choose budget airlines such as Air Asia due to their limited budget and choice
of destination.
Managing Alliances
When you get into investment situations with your alliance or equity partners,how do
you deal with partners that are so different from your own company? Forexample,
Virgin,5 its a totally different relationship that you have to manage.Its very new. How
do you get more people to be familiar with dealing withalliance and equity partners?
Because of growing numbers and working withpeople coming from different cultures
and backgrounds, we have to find betterways to manage these relationships. So we
have a new division, Alliance andPartnerships, just to cater to those relationship
issues that we want to get involvedwith.
Product Decisions
[The terrorist attacks of] 9/11 require us to think about our service classes: firstclass,
business class, two classes, three classes, two-and-one-half classes! What5 Virgin
Atlantic, in which SIA had acquired a 49% stake for S$1.6 billion in December,
1999.is it going to be? We still have to think about it. It may not stay three
classesforever.
Globalization
The nature of flying is different now. In some instances, we havent realized thatwe
are a global airline and we operated as though we were still a regional airline.Our
systems were arranged to support regional operations rather than global ones,for
example. We now realize the need for the company to review all aspects
ofoperations and for the organizational structure to support a global airline.
Managing Discontinuous Change
The need for us to respond quickly is greater now. Its not what is happening, itshow
you respond to what is happening 90% of the time. Your response to it isgoing to
make the material difference. So we need more agility, greaterflexibility, and yet how
do we communicate within the more complexorganization? In the past, we could all
go into a room and discuss it and that wasit. So all this has changed and we have to
respond to it, because we are aninternational company.
Political
This refers to government policy as such degree of intervention in the economy. To
what extent does it believe in finance firms such as Singapore Airlines has withdrawn
its bid for a stake in Air India, dealing a heavy blow to the Indian governments
privatization programmed. This is political barrier for Singapore Airlines.
Economical
These include interest rates, taxation charges, economic growth, inflation and
exchange rates. The SA offer to buy 24% stake in China Eastern Airlines for 7.2
billion Hong Kong dollars appeared in trouble Wednesday after a major shareholder
criticized the deal as unfair.
Social
Changes in social trends can impact on a demand for a firms product and availability
and willingness of individuals to work. In the year 2002, there was a fatal crash of
Singapore Airline flight SQ006 at Taipeis Chiang Kai-Shek International Airport.
Authorities blamed pilot error for the accident.
Technological
New technologies create new products and new processes. SA is the first airline to
install a productivity suite for the benefit of its passengers who can now continue to
work after boarding the plane without having to power up their laptops.
INTERNAL ANALYSIS
Strategic Capability of SA
Strategic capability identifies the capacity of a business to deliver future value to his
end user i.e. competitive advantage. It includes the following
SA is the strongest brand from Asia and its long serving is almost iconic. SA has
consistently been one of the most profitable airlines globally. One of the factor is
strong brand management and healthy brand equity. As a result of a dedicated
professional brand strategy throughout diversified global organization.
SA is first to introduce hot meals, free alcoholic and non-alcoholic beverages and hot
towels with a unique and patented scent, personal entertainment systems and videoon-demand in all cabins.
Competitive Advantage of SA
One key element of SIAs competitive success is that it manages to navigate skillfully
between poles that most companies think as distinct.
STRATEGIC CHOICES OF SINGAPORE AIRLINES:
SWOT ANALYIS
(1) STRENGHTS
Brand name
Cabin crews
Cuisine
Technology
Innovation
Timings
(2) WEAKNESSES:
Pricing policy
(3) OPPORTUNITIES:
Demand
(4) THREATS:
Terrorism
Taxation
Increase in prices
Accidents
Fuel prices
Deregulated
Freedom of entry/exit
Availability of aircraft etc.
BARGAINING
POWER OF
SUPPLIERS
RIVALRY AMONG
EXISTING AIRLINES
Supply
concentration
Excess to
Capital
Etc.
Competing for
growth, market
share etc.
BARGAINING
POWER OF BUYERS
THREAT OF SUBSTITUTES
Telecommunications
Video Conferencing
High Speed Railroads etc.
Bargaining
Leverage
Buyer
Information
Substitute
Products etc.
more
than
one
strategy
depending
on
how
events
unfold.
below.
Passengers will segment further into budget (bus quality), premium budget
(especially older travelers), traditional economy, right up to premier business class in
the
largest
long
haul
routes.
Despite energy price rises, our worlds population will continue to want to fly, and will
sacrifice other spending to do so, cushioning the adjustment for the airline industry.
Burning food in plane engines will become very controversial as it connects energy
and food prices, with potentially disastrous consequences for the poorest citizens
around
the
globe.
Most planes will continue to burn carbon-based fuel for decades to come because
the average life expectancy of a new plane today is at least 30 years.
Singapore airline is the national airline of Singapore and one of the leading
aviation companies in the world.
At present, they operate in South East Asia, East Asia, Europe and Australia
route.
After analyzing external factors we find that SIAs has some major barriers in
international political and economical sector.
As we are familiar that oil price is sensitive issue worldwide and day by day
its in receipt of more unstable. For those reasons the supplier power is very
high.
In the internal capability shows high brand attributes and strong brand
management as their core competence.
To maintain the current positioning company should concern their internal and
external surroundings.
It issues Currency
2.2.1: INTRODUCTION
SINGAPORE
OF
MONETARY
AUTHORITY
OF
The Central Bank of Singapore is the Monetary Authority of Singapore. It was established in
1971 in order to regulate Singapores financial industry to aid in its development as an
international financial centre. Its primary function is to ensure that the financial markets
operate in an efficient and smooth manner, in line with national economic goals. The MAS is
responsible for the following:
It issues currency
Private banking (catering to HNWIs) services. Banks can be classified into two
categories:
1. Local Banks
1.7.1
2. Foreign Banks
2.7.1
a. Full Banks
a. 26 full license banks in Singapore.
b. They provide whole range of banking business approved under the
Banking Act.
c. Six of the foreign banks operating in Singapore have been awarded
Qualifying Full Bank (QFB) privileges.
d. These Banks include:
i.
b. Wholesale Banks
a. 42 wholesale banks in Singapore
b. They are engaged in the same range of banking activities as full banks,
except Singapore Dollar retail banking activities.
c. All wholesale banks in Singapore operate as branches of foreign banks.
d. Examples:
i. ING bank, National Australia Bank, Barclays Bank, Fortis
Bank, Deutsche Bank etc.
c. Offshore Banks
a. 40 offshore banks in Singapore
b. They are engaged in the same activities as full and wholesale Banks for
businesses transacted through their Asian Currency Units (an
accounting unit, which banks use to book all foreign currency
transactions conducted in the Asian Dollar Market).
c. The banks Singapore dollar transactions are separately booked in the
Domestic Banking Unit (DBU).
d. All these.
e. Operate as branches of foreign banks.
f. Examples:
i. ICICI Bank Ltd, Korea Development Bank, Bank of Taiwan,
Bank of New Zealand, Canadian Imperial Bank of Commerce
etc.
d. Merchant Banks
a. 50 merchant banks in Singapore
b. They provide:
i.
ii. Examples:
(GUIDE
ME
SINGAPORE)
o It was awarded the Best Overall Fund Group in Singapore during The EdgeLipper Singapore Fund Awards 2008.
Major Foreign Banks
HSBC
o In Singapore, The Hong Kong and Shanghai Banking Corporation Limited
first opened its doors in December 1877.
o HSBC is an approved Primary Dealer in the Singapore Government Securities
Market and an Approved Bond Intermediary (ABI).
o It is a QFB honoured with 33 awards at Global Finance Awards 2006
by Global Finance. (Monetary Authority Of Singapore)
Standard Chartered
o Standard Chartereds Singapore operation began in 1859 and today boasts of a
largest branch network (20) among international banks in the Republic.
o
It is the Groups second largest consumer banking market and was awarded a
Qualifying Full Bank (QFB) license in 1999.
o It is the largest custodian bank in Singapore for foreign institutions, rated top
for the past seven years in Global Custodians Agent Bank Survey.
ABN-AMRO Singapore
o ABN AMRO is now owned by RBS, Santander and the Dutch government.
o Its various businesses around the globe are currently being separated from
ABN AMRO and integrated in line with each owners plans.
Maybank
o Maybanks presence in Singapore began in 1960 as a full-licensed commercial
bank.
o Maybank is currently among the top five banks in ASEAN and is a Qualifying
Full Bank in Singapore.
o As of June 2008, Maybanks total assets amounted to S$22.7 billion in
Singapore.
BNP Paribas
o BNP Paribas has been at the forefront of banking in Singapore since 1968 and
was awarded a QFB status in 1999.
o Today, BNP Paribas Singapore assumes a prominent presence in the region by
acting as the Groups regional hub for its business in Corporate and
Investment Banking as well as Private Banking.
Citibank
o Citibank was the first American bank to set up a branch in Singapore in 1902.
o Although a relative latecomer to the retail-banking sector.
o The bank has grown into a formidable market player with major market share
in key businesses including unsecured lending, deposits and investments and
secured assets.
o Citibank was among the first four foreign banks to be awarded the Qualifying
Full Bank (QFB) license in 1999.
(GUIDE
ME
SINGAPORE)
2.4
Singapore
India
91
62
63
58
2005
70
61
2007
2008
71
69
68
61
2006
86
77
2009
2010
(WorldBank)
From the above chart, it can be analysed that India has been very competitive when compared
to Singapore and the domestic credit provided by Banking Sector in both the countries is
continuously rising, which is a good sign.
2.4.2: GDP (CURRENT US$)
2000000000000.00
1500000000000.00
Singapore
1000000000000.00
India
500000000000.00
0.00
2005
(WorldBank)
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
From the above chart, it can be analyzed that the GDP of both the countries are continuously
rising, for India, the change is very nominal but its a pretty good rise for Singapore, except
for the year 2008 where it was stable. The reason for this is recession in India during the year
2008 which affected both the countries, as far as their GDP is concerned.
2.4.3: GDP GROWTH (ANNUAL %)
Singapore
India
14
9
7
10
9
9
5
1
2005
2006
2007
-1
2009
2008
2010
(WorldBank)
The above chart clearly defines that annual GDP growth of Singapore and India. When
compared to India, the change in the GDP Growth Rate of Singapore is significant.
2.4.4: COMMERCIAL BANK BRANCHES (PER 100,000 ADULTS)
12.5
12
11.5
11
Singapore
10.5
India
10
9.5
9
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
(WorldBank)
From the above chart we can conclude the Singapore has more bank branches rather than
India in the year 2005, 2006, and 2007 and at par in the year 2008 and 2009 but fortunately,
in India, the number of Bank Branches has increased the banking sector growth because of
formation of new banking policy in the year 2010. (Per 1,00,000 adults)
2.4.5: BANK CAPITAL TO ASSETS RATIO (%)
Singapore
10
10
2005
India
8
7
2006
2007
2008
10
10
2009
2010
(WorldBank)
According to World Bank data, the overall bank capital to assets ratio of Singapore is higher
than that of India year on year. Due, to Global Crisis, the ratio for both the countries is less
for the year 2008.
2.4.6: BANK NONPERFORMING LOANS TO TOTAL GROSS LOANS (%)
Singapore
India
5
4
3
3
2
2005
(WorldBank)
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
The above graph shows the relation between bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans
ratio of last five year. In the year 2005 and 2007, the ratio is higher of India than that of
Singapore and for the year 2006, 2008, 2009 and 2010, it is constant for both the countries.
2.4.7: BANK CAPITAL TO ASSETS RATIO (%)
Singapore
10
India
10
10
10
9
8
7
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
(WorldBank)
The above graph represents Bank Capital to Asset Ratio in percentage. It can be analysed that
its increasing for both the countries except in the year 2007 where its declining for both the
countries by 1% and again decrease of 1% in the year 2008 for Singapore.
2.4.8: LENDING INTEREST RATE (%)
Singapore
India
13
11
11
2005
(WorldBank)
2006
13
2007
12
2008
11
2009
2010
The above graph represents the Lending Rates in percentage. The lending rates of India are
significantly higher of India than that of Singapore. For, India the rates are fluctuating to
regulate the money supply in the economy which was a major focus for India in recent years,
whereas for Singapore its stable.
2.4.9: OFFICIAL EXCHANGE RATE (US$, PERIOD AVERAGE)
INDIA
44
45
2005
2006
41
2
2007
SINGAPORE
48
44
1
2008
1
2009
46
1
2010
47
1
2011
(WorldBank)
The above graph represents the exchange rates between India and US and Singapore and US.
The exchange rates between Singapore and US are stable over the time and changes are not
major whereas, the exchange rate between India and US is fluctuating and the major change
can be seen from the year 2006 to 2009. This is because of Global crisis and again the
imports are more for India than exports. The fluctuating exchange rates for India results in
huge loss for companies associated in Exports and Imports.
2.4.10:
COMPARISON BETWEEN FINANCIAL SERVICE SECTORS WITH OTHER
BUSINESS SECTORS.
S$ MILLION
(WorldBank)
The above chart shows the comparison between Financial Sectors with other Business
Sectors. The Financial Service sector is quite stable when compared to other sectors. This is
majorly because of the stability of exchange rate. The Business services are also rising.
ASSETS
END
OF
PERIO
D
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
LIABILITIES
DOMESTIC CREDIT
FOREIG
N
ASSETS
1
RESERV
E
MONEY
FOREIG
N
LIABILI
TIES
GOVERNME
NT
DEPOSITS
OTHER
ITEMS
(NET)
TOTAL
TOTA
L
GOVERN
MENT
PRIVATE
SECTOR
235691.6
2=3+
4
6501.9
6501.7
0.2
28061.0
1865.0
108948.1
103319.4
242193.5
251318.2
6860.3
6860.1
0.2
34122.7
1732.3
132711.3
264533.2
7381.8
7381.6
0.2
36344.0
3238.6
117077.7
115254.7
271915.0
289376.6
7480.8
7480.7
0.1
40529.7
2770.3
130490.2
123,067.2
173790.2
308530.8
6813.8
6813.7
0.1
45431.8
3409.8
144112.9
122390.1
315344.6
89,612.2
Economic resilience is "very low risk", supported by the highly competitive, diverse,
and resilient economy-factors which provide buffers against external shocks.
The institutional framework is "very low risk", benefiting from prudent banking
regulations and supervision, a strong regulatory track record, and supportive
governance framework which is benefiting at long term.
Competitive dynamics are "low risk", reflecting the banking industry's restrained risk
appetite, stable competitive environment as well as a healthy market and absence of
market distortions.
Local banks are strengthened by their regional presence through mergers and
acquisitions.
Strict banking secrecy laws, tax friendly policies and a suite of wealth management
services created a private banking boom.
168566.3
Strict banking secrecy laws Sec. (47) of the Banking Act states that consumer details
shall not, in any way, be disclosed by an any bank or any of its officers, to any other
person except as expressly provided in the Banking Act.
Non-recognition of the 2005 European Tax Directive Singapore is one of the few
remaining offshore centers that has not signed up to the EU;s saving tax Directive,
whose country members can transit private details regarding to individuals who bank
and invest in these countries.
Generous tax incentives capital gains and interest income from outside Singapore are
not taxed here
Private Banks such as Credit Suisse, UBS, standard chartered and Citigroup to name a few,
provides the following facilities:
Investment strategies
Asset security
Credit Services
The lending rates of in India are reducing where as for Singapore; it is stable and
significantly lesser than that of India. From this, it can be analysed that there are
Arbitrage opportunities possible from the same and Market for taking loan in
Singapore would be quite high.
The exchange rates of Singapore are quite stable than that of India.
The Strengths of Banking in Singapore is in large quantum which shows that the
feasibility of Banking in Singapore is high.
The foreign assets of MAS are significantly rising over the period of years.
The lending rates of India are significantly higher of India than that of Singapore. For,
India the rates are fluctuating to regulate the money supply in the economy which was
a major focus for India in recent years, whereas for Singapore its stable.
The overall bank capital to assets ratio of Singapore is higher than that of India year
on year. Due, to Global Crisis, the ratio for both the countries is less for the year
2008.
The scope of Banking in India is also high with special reference to Rural Area as
there the large quantum of Market is untapped, especially in developing states.
The employment opportunities in Singapore and India are high as the feasibility for
Banking in both the countries is high.
The norms of Banking in India are more complex than that of Singapore.
The Banking System is much more protective in India as during crisis in 2008-09, the
GDP of India didnt let to breakdown much.
The overall bank capital to assets ratio is Singapore higher then India in every
consecutive year in the same proportion. The year 2008 is lower in all year because of
Global crisis.
The electronics industry today plays a vital role in the development of most nations as it has
grown substantially and strongly over the past decades. This industry moves closer to the
centre and drives rapid economic development of the world, taking its place in the heart of
one country after another.
The Singapore's semiconductor industry has grown from humble beginnings as an assemblyand test-subcontracting supplier to a fully integrated, cutting-edge technology wafer
fabrication hub. With about 13 state-of-the-art wafer fabs nationwide, the small island of
Singapore is way ahead of its Southeast Asia neighbours in the development of the region's
chip-making infrastructure. Semiconductors, as well as related production equipment and
materials, are a key focus of the Singapores Industry initiative. An important advantage for
investors is that the government is a significant shareholder in most of the island's wafer fabs.
SINGAPORE
With good physical infrastructure support, such as specialized power and water supplies,
waste treatment and other ancillary services already in place, Singapores Economic
Development Board (EDB) is hostilely courting investments from both multinational
corporations and local companies. It is offering incentives such as research and development
funding and tax rebates. The key aspect of the "Silicon Valley concept" for Singapore is its
ability to capture the entire value chain of semiconductor production. Industry specific
supporting facilities that have come on line include silicon wafer production, photo-masking
and a high-purity hydrogen peroxide plant.
EDB reports that there are more than 40 semiconductor companies and 160 supporting
organizations operating at all levels of the value chain. The Association of Electronics
Industries of Singapore (AEIS) and the Singapore Manufacturers Federation/EEAIIG are the
two organizations working for the development of electronics industry in Singapore. Most
ASEAN countries are not in direct competition with Singapore, as Singapore has decided to
target sectors with higher technologies.
In 2009, electronics contributed an output of almost S$63 billion and employed more than
76,000 workers. Of the S$11.8 billion in fixed asset investment Singapore received that year,
electronics was the largest contributor, accounting for 41.5%.
The charts above, showing Indias trade with Singapore since 2002-03, shows a remarkable trend
of upward movement. From the trade figures, it is quite specious that Indian exports to and
imports from Singapore have been rising substantially since CECA. Indian exports nearly
doubled from Rs. 9,764 crore in 2003-04 to Rs. 17,975 crore in 2004-05. A major reason for this
probably was the anticipation for CECAs signing, which was in its final stages of negotiation at
the time. Total trade has gone up from Rs. 13,823.6 crore in 2002-03 to Rs. 62,344.4 crore in
2007-08, a nearly five-fold increase.
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007*
Consumer Electronics
13,580
14,850
16,500
17,500
19,500
21,880
Industrial Electronics
5,400
5,980
8,300
8,600
10,100
11,560
Computers
4,180
6,600
8,680
10,500
12,500
15,500
5,150
4,770
6,300
9,200
13,150
Equipment
Strategic Electronics
2,330
2,670
2,850
3,070
4,500
5,700
Components
6,510
7,450
8,700
8,530
8,600
9,320
Sub-Total
36,800
42,700
49,800
54,500
64,400
77,110
44,000
55,000
75,000
97,000
132,025 157,500
Domestic Software
12,000
15,500
20,500
27,000
35,150
Total
92,800
44,730
*Estimated
Source: Electronic Industries Association of India
SINGAPORE
Singapore is a major manufacturing and trading centre in the region for electronic products,
components and parts, and supporting services. This section considers Singapores position in
the industry value chain, including production, technology development, procurement,
marketing and sales.
Data initiated from the International Economic Database of the Australian National
University (ANU) show that, among the eight economies in this study, Singapore ranked first
as an exporter of office and computing machinery (ISIC 3825) and electrical machinery (ISIC
383) and second only to Hong Kong as an importer. As illustrated, this dominant position can
be accounted for by large domestic production and entrecote trade.
Singapores national trade data (excluding trade with Indonesia) illustrate the composition of
domestic exports and re-exports and the product alignment in its total exports. In 1992,
Singapores total trade in electronics reached US$74.3 billion, with imports of US$30.8
billion and exports of US$43.5 billion, of which re-exports accounted for 26.5%. The largest
categories of domestic exports were disk drives, computers and subassemblies, integrated
circuits (ICs), television (TV) receivers and subassemblies, and color TV sets. Re-exports
were concentrated in ICs, computers and subassemblies, disk drives, color TV sets, radios
and videocassette recorders (VCRs), and telecommunications equipment.
In 2011, the sector donated an output of US$86.1 billion, accounting for 6.3% of Singapores
total GDP, and employed more than 82,000 workers.
Singapores domestic exports of electronics still depend on USEC markets, which immersed
64.1% of such exports in 1992. East Asia accounted for 26.3%, but Japans share was only
5.1%. The very small Japanese share is noteworthy in view of the extensive presence of
Japanese electronics firms in Singapore and may be attributed to both Japans import barriers
and the corporate strategies of Japanese electronics firms in Singapore.
From the early 1980s to the early 1990s, Singapore became a key manufacturing base for
original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) as production costs increased in the OEMs home
base. The Singapore Government stimulated the sectors development through investments in
state-owned enterprises like Chartered Semiconductor, NatSteel Electronics. A host of
smaller private-sector Singapore firms emerged, many as suppliers to the MNCs, but others
as innovators themselves (Creative Technology and its soundcards). In the 1990s, several
large contract assemblers grew, including Venture and NatSteel Broadway. By the mid1990s, electronics was contributing over half the economys manufacturing output, up from
23.6% in 1985 and 10.7% in 1975.
Year
Real
GDP Electronics
Growth %
Output as
Manufacturing
%
Employment
% of Total Output
Electronics
1988
11.1
38.7
34.8
1990
7.3
39.1
34.9
1995
8.8
51.4
34.3
1996
7.0
50.8
34.9
1997
8.5
50.5
33.8
1998
-0.9
50.1
31.7
1999
6.4
52.1
21.2
2000
9.4
51.3
29.7
2001
-2.4
45.0
28.4
2002
2.2
42.2
26.7
2003
0.8 (est.)
40.0
27.1 (est.)
in
The weakness of the dependence on electronics for such a large share of output and exports
was brought home in 2001, when Singapore suffered a sharp economic recession. The 20012002 downturn in global electronics demand (global sales of semiconductors plunged 34% in
2001) saw Singapores domestic exports of electronics down 20% to S$59 million (US$32
billion at then current exchange rates) in 2001 (the U.S. absorbs 20% of Singapores
electronics shipments). Shipments were down in all segments of the electronics industry.
Exports of electronics fell further in 2002, to S$57 billion (US$32 billion at end-2002
exchange rates), or 25% below their level in 2000 and 10% below the 1997 level.
Electronics Trade
(Percent Share)
Electronics Exports:
CY 2001
CY 2002
CY 2003
52.6
52.1
49.7
11.6
10.9
9.7
26.2
24.7
21.5
22.1
20.9
19.6
61.0
57.9
52.9
light on the composition of trade between the two countries. The main commodities exported
and imported by India to/ from Singapore in the last few years are given in the table below:
MINERAL FUELS, MINERAL OILS AND PRODUCTS OF THEIR DISTILLATION;
BITUMINOUS SUBSTANCES; MINERAL WAXES.
SHIPS, BOATS AND FLOATING STRUCTURES.
NUCLEAR REACTORS, BOILERS, MACHINERY AND MECHANICAL APPLIANCES;
PARTS THEREOF.
ELECTRICAL MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT AND PARTS THEREOF; SOUND
RECORDERS AND REPRODUCERS,
TELEVISION IMAGE AND SOUND RECORDERS AND REPRODUCERS, AND PARTS.
NATURAL
OR
CULTURED
PEARLS,PRECIOUS
OR
SEMIPRECIOUS
In the annexure, there are tables analyzing export/ import trends in some of the above
commodities. In exports, there has been a very explosive movement in growth rates of the top
5
commodities. For example, gemstones and precious metals had 2 successive years of more
than 100% growth, which was followed by a 87.46% drop in 2006-07 that brought the value
of export back to around the original level. Mineral oil and fuel products (motor oils, fuel oil,
petroleum products, diesel, ATF, etc.) have increased to become 55% of all exports from
India to Singapore. Shipping and boat goods (such as floating/ submersible drilling/
production platforms, small vessels for transport of persons and goods) registered huge
growth in export around time of CECAs launch and have grown to 7.3% of Indias exports
to Singapore from 1.14% in 2003-04. Unwrought aluminum, copper wires and diamond are
other important items of export.
Electronic items are Indias largest imports from Singapore. The value of such imports has
increased from US$1.31 billion in 2005-06 to US$1.65 billion in 2006-07. Out of around 440
different electronic products imported by India from Singapore, some of the leading ones are
photosensitive transistor diodes, electronic integrated circuits, telephones for cellular and
wireless networks, apparatus for control and distribution of electricity, electrical machinery
parts, laser and magnetic discs for reproducing purpose, optical fiber cables, remote control
apparatus (excluding radio), apparatus for switching, static convertors, generating sets with
spark ignition, fixed capacitors, transmission apparatus, digital cameras, smart cards, video
recorders and parts for line telephone apparatus.
Under the Early Harvest Program of the CECA, India eliminated customs duties on 506
items originating from Singapore from 1 August 2005. These include a large number of items
in electronics, machinery, organic chemicals and other product categories that are currently
figuring on the list of Indias important imports from Singapore.
Singapore is Indias fourth largest export market and the countrys biggest trade partner
among the Association of Southeast Asian (ASEAN) The ASEAN countries account for 9.5
percent of Indias total commodity exports. Within ASEAN, Singapore alone absorbs 4.5
percent of Indias exports. On the other hand, Singapore is Indias 10th largest source of
imports. At present, it accounts for 3.27 percent of Indias total commodity imports.
Singapore accounts for around three percent of Indias machinery and instrument exports.
India exports a diverse array of machines and instruments to Singapore. These include
printing machinery (parts and accessories), compression ignition engines, aircraft engines,
tool holders and machine die heads, boring or sinking machinery, electrically operated textile.
spinning machines, different categories of valves, taps and similar appliances, window and
wall air-conditioners, roller bearings, machine parts and mechanical appliances, accessories,
compressors, printed circuit boards, water and filtering/purifying machinery and centrifugal
electrically operated pumps.
Indian exports to Singapore have shown a lower rate of growth. Indian imports from
Singapore, however, have shown a higher rate of growth. If this trend continues and
strengthens over time, then future India-Singapore trade will be driven more by Indias
imports as opposed to Indias exports.
India's Export to some important countries during the period from 2005-06 to 2009-10
Trade Data
An analysis of trade statistics indicates rapid growth in trade between India and Singapore
over the last decade. Since CECA, there has been a important growth in trade flows between
the two countries. This trade data relates to trade in merchandise/ goods, not services.
Table which shows Period-wise growth in export, import and trade between India and
Singapore.
There are many polices affecting electronics industry. In India & Singapore are
related industrial policy-1, foreign investment policy, government- MNC partnership, trade
policy, national policy on electronics 2011 announced.
Period
Export (%)
Import(%)
Trade(%)
a) 1992-93 to 1996-97
21.4
10.5
13.7
b) 1997-98 to 2001-02
3.5
4.7
2.5
c) 2002-03 to 2006-07
46.1
34.4
38.7
Source: Computed from Handbook of Statistics on the Indian Economy of the Reserve Bank
of India.
Petroleum is Indias main export to Singapore. Other leading Indian exports to Singapore
include gems and jewellery, machinery and instruments, transport equipment, electronic
goods and non-ferrous metals.
The rate of growth for the last 4 years has averaged at 36.4% for exports, 37.16% for imports
and 34.57% for total trade. However, there has been some difference in this. The growth rate
for exports has been heading downwards since that first big jump between 2003-04 and 200405. Imports growth rate has been growing steadily, and total trade growth rate has been more
even.
Analogue IC design is the key enabling capability for power management and energy
harvesting. To pre-position the nation in advanced analogue and mixed-signal design
capabilities, Singapores new IC Design Centre of Excellence, VIRTUS, was launched.
The S$50 million jointly funded center by Nanyang Technological University (NTU) and the
Singapore Economic Development Board aims to be a world-class IC design house,
developing key technologies required to design combined circuits and systems for
applications in medical technology, clean technology and consumer electronics.
The centres research activities can be broadly divided into the following major areas:
analogue, mixed-signal, power management and data converters; energy harvesting; lowpower RF and mm-wave ICs; and new technology directions such as 3D-integration and
physical design, 3D RF and mixed-signal circuits, and terahertz IC. Apart from its primary
focus in design, innovation and enterprise, VIRTUS is also committed to train more than
100Post graduate students and researchers in the next five years.
INDIA:
While the WTO Agreement has opened almost the entire electronic hardware sector to zero
import duty, local manufacturing is faced with huge disabilities which makes indigenous
manufacturing uncompetitive against Asian manufacturers such as China, Thailand, Malaysia
and singapore etc.
The industry has to deal with additional disability factor related costs such as higher
interest rates, energy costs, cascading taxes and procedural delays making imports cheaper
and an attractive proposition.
The gap between demand and local manufacture for electronic hardware has been growing
fast and steadily and unless the local industry is offered a level playing field and incentives
to invest, we will be faced with the twin problem of uncontrollable growth of imports and a
shrinking local manufacturing base.
It is estimated that demand for electronics hardware in India would rise from US$30 Bn
today to US$ 320 Bn by 2015 and if we can produce even 50% of this locally, Electronics
Hardware can provide direct employment to 7 million workers and an additional 14 million
jobs.
SINGAPORE
Some of the factors that affect electronics industry of Singapore are labor wages, investment
promotion activity, geographical location, proactive government policy, large market support,
accelerating change in technology, price changing and imperative to lower costs
Pay Television
In March 2010, the Ministry of Information, Communications, and the Arts, through its subagency, the Media Development Authority, released new regulations to require pay television
providers to cross carry high-class broadcasting content acquired after March 12, 2010.
With the help of this rule in the imports and exports of Singapore economy a pay television
company with an exclusive contract for a channel would be required to offer that content to
customers of other pay television companies.
Basic Telecommunications
By the end of 2012 Singapore next generation national broadband fiber network should allow
fuller, more reasonably priced network access to provide telecommunication services to
homes and businesses, with the help of passing the bottleneck of sing Teleowned circuits
nearly about the 70% of the home network are being connected within the end of August,
2011.
Foreign banks do not face the same restrictions for credit cards that they issue outside of
Singapore. The Minister in charge of the Monetary Authority of Singapore must provide
specific types of approve for acquisitions of the voting shares of a local bank above specific
beginnings. Although it has lifted the formal ceilings on foreign ownership of local banks and
finance companies, the government of Singapore has indicated that it will not allow a foreign
takeover of its three major local financial institutions
INDIA
Insurance
In late 2008 India introduced legislation to allow foreign equity participation of up to 49
percent and also allow entry of foreign Re-insurers. In 2009, the Insurance Laws
(Amendment) Bill went to the Standing Committee on Finance for assessment; the
Committee did not release its report on the bill until December2011, recommending against
increasing the 26 percent foreign equity capital Under current regulations, at the 10 year
mark, any partner in an insurance enterprise is required to divest its equity stake down to 26
percent. The requirement efficiently applies only to Indian partners by giving the equity
capital of 26 percent for maintaining the joint ventures.
Audiovisual Services
US companies continue to experience difficulty importing film and video publicity materials
and are unable to license merchandise. Although India has removed most barriers to the
importation of motion pictures.
Accounting
No foreign accounting firms can enter into the accounting code of the Indian Accounting
Services sector because they first have to be the members or part of Institute of Chartered
Accountant of India for which they have to undergo the practical training of ICAI which is
been accredited by organization and with the help of passing an examination they can enter in
to the Indian Accounting Service Sector. Only firms established as a partnership may provide
financial auditing services, and foreign-licensed accountants may not be equity partners in an
Indian accounting firm.
Education
As a under developing countries India possess the lack of knowledge and skills. Due to lack
of knowledge the representative of India works as the governing boards and also works for
the universities. In 2012 the issues regarding the Foreign Education Providers Bill has stated
that the control on fees and expelling salaries and income from the research has created the
potential for the double taxation.
PROSPECTS
National Policy on Electronics 2011 announced
The Ministry of Communications & IT has announced the Draft National Agenda on ICTE.
This includes the Draft National Policies on Electronics, IT and Telecom. The Draft National
Policy on Electronics was announced on 4th October. The National Policy of Electronics,
2011 envisions creating a globally competitive ESDM industry including nano-electronics to
meet the country's needs and serve the international market. The Main Policy Objectives are:
To achieve a turnover of about USD 400 Billion by 2020 involving investment of
about USD 100 Billion and employment of around 28 million by 2020.
To set up over 200 Electronic Manufacturing Clusters
To increase export in ESDM sector to USD 80 billion by 2020
To develop core competencies in sectors like automotive, avionics, industrial,
medical, solar, information & broadcasting, etc.
To significantly enhance availability of skilled manpower and upscale high-end
human resource creation
This is a part of the proposed National Policy of Electronics 2011 (NPE 2011) released by the
minister. The government proposes to achieve a turnover of $400 billion by 2020 involving
an investment of about $100 billion. This includes $55 billion in chip design and embedded
software industry and $80 billion of exports in the sector. It also aims at ensuring
employment to around 28 million in the sector by 2020.
The size of electronic manufacturing industry in India was $20 billion in 2009.
The policy also proposes setting up over 200 electronic manufacturing clusters. Another
important objective of the policy is to significantly upscale high-end human resource creating
to 2500 PhDs annually by 2020 in the sector.
The policy also proposes to provide preferential market access for domestically manufactured
electronic products including mobile devices, SIM cards (subscriber identity module) with
enhanced features, with special emphasis on Indian products for which IPR reside in India.
This is to address strategic and security concerns of the government.
After taking a decision to end the tax-refund DEPB scheme from October 1, the government
is likely to restore interest subsidy of exporters to maintain the country's competitiveness in
the global market. The small exporters may get subsidy between 3.5% - 3.75%, whereas for
large corporate it may be 2% subvention.
Most Association of Southeast Asian (ASEAN) countries are not in direct race with
Singapore, as Singapore has decided to target sectors with higher technologies.
Singapores electronics sector contributed 6.3% during 2011 in GDP and 82000
workers were employed.
Singapore ranked first as an exporter of office and computing machinery (ISIC 3825)
and electrical machinery (ISIC 383) and second only to Hong Kong as an importer.
Singapores national trade data illustrate the composition of domestic exports and reexports and the product composition in its total exports.
Singapore is Indias fourth largest export market and the countrys biggest trade
partner among the Association of Southeast Asian (ASEAN)
Out of around 440 different electronic products imported by India from Singapore,
some of the leading ones are photosensitive transistor diodes, electronic integrated
circuits, telephones for cellular and wireless networks, electrical machinery parts,
optical fiber cables, generating sets with spark ignition, fixed capacitors, transmission
apparatus, digital cameras, smart cards, video recorders and parts for line telephone
apparatus.
CONCLUSION
It was commented that ironically an industry which has great potential to generate
large-scale employment opportunities and wealth for the nation is struggling to
survive.
Indian imports from Singapore, however, have shown a higher rate of growth.
If this trend continues and strengthens over time, then future India-Singapore trade
will be driven more by Indias imports as opposed to Indias exports.
Singapore is a favorite recreative destination that provides ample ways for people to
amuse and entertain themselves. Singapore, a country of islets and distinct indentity
of local regions, allows the multicultural, multivariety of entertainment to exist. People
can choose from resorts, parks and cineplexes to bars and pubs to spend quality
time and have a lot ofun.
Fort Canning Park in Singapore: This is one of the most visited parks
in Singapore. The Park is a popular place for arts, housing precious
memorials of the early history of Singapore dating back to 14th
century and the personal bungalow of Sir Stamford Raffles. Open-air ballet,
sculpture exhibitions and plays are organized in this Park.
Pasir Ris Park in Singapore: This is a coastal park in Singapore, ideal for
spending your weekends with your family members. The Park features a
mangrove swamp and you can get a glimpse of the mangrove flora and fauna.
What else? You can also indulge yourself in several sports like swimming,
bird watching and cycling.
Merlion Park in Singapore: This Park in Singapore was originally built by the
Esplanade Bridge, which is approximately 120 meters from its current
location. Like the other parks, this is also a popular park in Singapore.
coasters
and
water
slides.
The
mini-
Located in Madurai near the Vaigai River, the Athisayam Amusement park is
a marvelous entertainment center for children, adults and old. The Athisayam
Park is famous for its cleanliness and safety.
MGM Dizzy World, Tamil Nadu
MGM Dizzy World is a 27-acre, childrens amusement park situated at
Muttukkadu enroute to Mamallapuram. The major attractions here are the
water chute, parachute tower, pirate boat and a 110 feet dizee shake
challenger.
Bay Watch Park, Kanyakumari, Tamil Nadu
Bay Watch, located in Kanyakumari is unique in
many ways. With the recently added wax museum,
Bay watch is the only park in Asia to house one.
The wax museum being the first of its kind in this
part of the world has caught up with the imagination of the people. Baywatch
at sunset point Kanyakumari is also the first seaside amusement park in India.
Pearl Water Park Ltd (Crazy Waters), Bangalore
Bangalore, the Garden City of India is famous for software technology parks
also, but when dealing with amusement and entertainment Pearl Water Park
is the top. It is located on the Bannerghatta main road.
Veega Land, Cochin, Kerala
Veega Land is situated 300 feet above sea level and is set amongst 30 acres
of surpassingly grand and incomparably idyllic environs, at Pallikara (near to
Cochin city. Veega Land's scintillating and tranquil setting is matched only by
the ambitious scale and grandeur of the park itself. The architecture
expresses nothing less than the heart and soul of ethnic Kerala, with a few
surprising flashes of vintage Chinese architecture as well.
Dream World, Kerala
Dream World Water Theme Park is situated on the
lap of enchanting Athirapilly waterfalls just 8 km
from Chalakkudy. The park is designed in such a
way that tourists belonging to any age group can
effortlessly reach all the amusement rides without much walking or climbing.
Silverstorm, Kerala
Ramoji Film City is a huge film studio complex where thousands of Indian
movies are filmed every year. If one wanted to see how movie sets come to
life, this is the place. It also has a theme park with rides, and Entertainment
Park for kids..
Location: Around 25 kilometers from Hyderabad, in Andhra Pradesh.
Nightlife in Singapore
A tour of the nation of Singapore remains incomplete without exploring the Nightlife
in Singapore. The nation of Singapore remains awake all the night and it could be
said
undoubtedly
that
the
nightlife
of
Singapore
is
truly
exciting.
The
Shopping
Shopping is another favorite activity in Singapore.
There
are
places
worth
seeing
for
ethnic
the stuffs that are available in Singapore, the paradise for crazy shoppers.
Singapore offers a lot of duty free shopping options.
As Singapore has many genres of Music existing all a the same time, be it
Folk or Operas and orchestras, contemporary or hip hop, Peranakan and
others, the Music Industry in Singapore is spread over large vistas of cultural
world of Singapore
In fact, the Music Industry in Singapore draws numerous tourists to this
nation, contributing to the Tourism Industry as well. Another area where Music
Industry has extended its reach is the Opera Festivals holding Orchestras and
Concerts, be it the Traditional Asian types or modern and contemporary
music. Singapore is home to more than 100 music companies, societies and
schools.
Music Industry Alliance of Singapore (MIAS)
MIAS is a professional body to servicing and representing the interests of the
local professionals in
the
raising industry standards and placing the real professional in the foreground
of the cultural landscape.
Enticed by economic liberalization and the huge volume of demand for leisure
and entertainment, many of the global media giants have been present in the
Indian market for more than two decades. However, in recent years, with near
double-digit annual growth and a fast-growing middle class, there has been a
renewed surge in investment in the country by global companies. Companies
in the US and Western Europe see their growth increasingly linked to
emerging giants like India, which is why they are now focused on the best way
to enter, grow and brand their business in this market.
Film music dominates the music industry: Film music, including Bollywood
and regional film music, accounts for 67% of music sales in India.95 Film
producers typically create an album for a film and license the exploitation
rights to a music company. Because of the dominance of film music, the
Indian music industry is less focused on developing stand-alone artists than in
other countries.
Theatres in Singapore
The plays that are performed at the theatres of Singapore reflect the fact that
the citizens of Singapore take active interest in art and culture. The stage
performances by the Chinese, Indians and the Malay artists give you an
insight into the culture of these communities and the actors who put in their
best to win your appreciation deserves your applause. Singapore Arts
Festival that is held in the month of June invites theater groups from all over
the world to showcase their talents.
Singapore Film Industry
The early Singaporean cinema started in 1930s was result of wholesome film
activities by few creative men who coordinated all verticals of cinema
together. The early production houses were Shaw and Cathay, who
themselves created movie houses to play their own movies. P. Ramlee and
Cathay Keris were the key people who introduced film industry to Singapore.
The most noted directors of this time were Hussein Haniff of Cathay Keris and
P. Ramlee who was a versatile talent in script making, acting and directing.
The early Singaporean cinema presented Arabian love stories which were all
time epics of the common man. Later Chinese movies which were creations of
both Chinese and Indian entertainment stalwarts became popular in
Singapore. During the infamous Japanese invasion during World War II, the
Shaw and Cathay theatres were used to propagate war hysteria and hate of
the era.
To some extend the movies tried to reflect Singaporean life in its true awe.
But the effort did not last long due to financial crisis and lack of technical
inadequacies. The next phase of cinema was led by Chong Gay. His
creations were The Hypocrite, Crimes Does Not Pay and The Two Sides of
the Bridge. Bobby A Suarez has made some innovative experiments by
making They Call Her Cleopatra Wong, Dynamite Johnson, etc. Sonny Lim, a
Hawaiian musician tried to promote the movie They Call Her Cleopatra Wong
in America by dubbing it in American accent.
One of the internationally acclaimed movies of all times was Lim Suat Yens
film The Road Less Travelled. Post 1990 the Singaporean cinema recovered
from its inherent inertia considerably. With the entry of Bugis Street, Mee Pok
Man, which proved good standard by box office as well as artistically and
ideas of independent filmmaking. Arnmy Daze, Forever Fever, God or Dog
Tigers Whip and Teenage Textbox were some well discussed movies of the
time. In 1990s decade 12 of the Singaporean movies got entry in the Cannes
film festival.
Indian film industry
Bollywood is the informal term popularly used for the Hindi-language film
industry based in Mumbai (formerly known as Bombay), Maharashtra,
India.Film Federation of India:To promote commerce in general and in
particular to promote, protect and watch over the interests of the Indian Film
Industry and allied industries and trades, including the interests of producers,
distributors and-exhibitors of films and of all other persons connected with the
film industry, to regulate their method or doing business Bollywood is the
largest film producer in India and one of the largest centers of film production
in the world. Bollywood is formally referred to as Hindi cinema. There has
been a growing presence of Indian English in dialogue and songs as well.
Sports in Singapore
Sports in Singapore has been popular since the colonial times when it filled
the
idle hours of the colonial masters and also was a time when sports was
a prerogative of few. But as the economy, society and polity changed the
earlier trend has changed and now one finds active participation from the
population. The traditional games like the like congkak, capteh, gasing and
sepak are now declining in their popularity. These games are also found in
Malaysia, Thailand, Indonesia and Philippines. One can also find that certain
traditional games are still played in the households. The most popular sport in
Singapore is football.
Badminton in Singapore
Badminton in Singapore is a very popular game and is played by a vast
number of people.
Basketball in Singapore
Basketball in Singapore is going places. The Singapore Slingers proves that.
The Singapore Slingers has done Singapore proud by being the first Asian
club to be part of Australian National Basketball League. Established in
2006/07, the Singapore Slingers are a great team, though they haven't won a
major championship yet.
Bowling in Singapore
Singapore Bowling includes 20 Bowling Centers, each Bowling offers more
than 20 lanes. Being a very popular game, this attracts numerous tourists
from across the globe.
Football in Singapore
In Singapore like many Europeans nation, Football is more serious than life
and death. Such is the love of Singaporeans for the game. Football was
introduced in Singapore during the British Rule, in the 19th century. Local
Leagues were performed at that time and they became highly popular. A
golden era emerged at Singapore with the advent of the Singapore Malaysia
Cup. This nation island performed very well and was acknowledged as the
strongest team. 24 championships cup in Football adorned the country and
Singapore also witnessed 50,000 fans in its home games of Football.
Golf in Singapore
A sunny weather all year round, lush greenery and world class golfing
facilities make Singapore a hot destination for golf lovers all over the world
Polo in Singapore
Polo in Singapore is a popular sport. Over the years, Polo, as a sport in
Singapore has received great acclaim. The Singapore Polo Club, for instance,
is one of the leading Polo Clubs in the place. Founded in 1886.
Table Tennis in Singapore
Table Tennis is one of the favourite sports in Singapore. It is played in the city
clubs as well. The game attracts numerous tourists from across the globe and
there is also a Table Tennis Centre at Singapore.
Tennis in Singapore
Tennis in Singapore holds a special place in the history of Sports, both
International and Domestic. This is because of the fact that Tennis had been
an ancient game at Singapore and players and audiences alike have taken
due care in order to promote this game to great heights. Singapore Tennis
has thus made a place for itself in Asian Sports and displayed copious talents
who have bagged numerous awards, much to the pride of the country.
Sports in India
Field hockey is the official national sport in India, and the country has won
eight Olympic gold medals in field hockey, though cricket is the most popular
sport. After the 1982 Asian Games hosted in New Delhi, the capital city now
has modern sports facilities, and similar facilities are also being developed in
other parts of the country.
India has hosted or co-hosted several international sporting events, such as
the 1951 Asian Games and the 1982 Asian Games, the 1987 Cricket World
Cup and 1996 Cricket World Cup, the 2003 Afro-Asian Games, the 2010
Hockey World Cup, the 2010 Commonwealth Games, and the 2011 Cricket
World Cup. Major international sporting events annually held in India include
the Chennai Open, Mumbai Marathon, Delhi Half Marathon, and the Indian
Masters. India also hosted its first Indian Grand Prix at the Buddh
International Circuit, an Indian motor racing circuit in Greater Noida, Uttar
Pradesh, India.
Cricket
Board of Control for Cricket in India, India national cricket team, and India
national women's cricket team
Cricket has a long history in India, and is the most popular sport by a wide
margin in India. Recently, it won the 2011 Cricket World Cup by defeating Sri
Lanka in the final match hosted by India. It is played on local, national, and
international levels and enjoys consistent support from people in all parts of
India.
Football
Football was introduced to India during the British occupation, and in some
areas of the country, it is equally as popular as cricket. India was an Asian
powerhouse in the 1960s, finishing as runners up in the 1964 AFC Asian Cup,
but gradually the standard of football has gone down compared to other
countries, and India currently ranks 154th in the FIFA rankings as of 29
February 2012.
Basketball
Basketball is a popular sport in India. India has both men's and women's
national teams in basketball.
Tennis
Tennis is a popular sport among Indians in urban areas. Tennis gained
popularity after the exploits of Vijay Amritraj. India's fortunes in the Grand
Slam singles have been unimpressive although Leander Paes and Mahesh
Bhupathi have won many Men's Doubles and Mixed Doubles Grand Slam
Titles. Sania Mirza is the only notable Indian woman tennis player, having
won a WTA title and breaking into the Top 30 WTA rankings. On the men's
side, young Somdev Devvarman and Yuki Bhambri are flying India's flag on
ATP Tour.
Chess
Chess has risen in popularity in India in the last few decades primarily due to
its star player GM Vishwanathan Anand. He is the current World Champion,
and he has revolutionized the popularity of this sport in India.
Badminton
Badminton is a popular sport in India. Indian shuttler Saina Nehwal is
currently ranked fourth in the world and has been named the Most Promising
Player of 2008 by the Badminton World Federation. This is the first ever
achievement by any Indian shuttler, after Prakash Padukone and Pullela
Gopichand, who both won the All England Open in 1980 and 2001
respectively.
Other sports
Volleyball, Floor ball, Bandy, Netball, Ice Hockey, Handball, Throw boll,
Kabaddi, Lacrosse, Polo, Baseball & Softball, Boxing.
TELEVISION IN INDIA
Television is one of the major mass media of India. It is a huge industry which has
thousands of programmes across Indian states ranging from national language to
regional ones. The small screen has produced numerous celebrities of their own kind
some even attaining national fame. TV soaps are extremely popular with housewives
as well as working women. Approximately half of all Indian households own a
television. As of 2010, the country has a collection of free and subscription services
over a variety of distribution media, through which there are over 515 channels and
150 are pay channels.
HISTORY
Terrestrial television in India started with the experimental telecast starting in Delhi
on 15 September 1959 with a small transmitter and a makeshift studio. The regular
daily transmission started in 1965 as a part of All India Radio. The television service
was extended to Bombay (now Mumbai) and Amritsar in 1972. Up until 1975, only
seven Indian cities had a television service and Doordarshan remained the sole
provider of television in India. Television services were separated from radio in 1976.
National telecasts were introduced in 1982.
Cable television
As per the TAM Annual Universe Update - 2010, India now has over 134 million
households (out of 223 million) with television sets, of which over 103 million have
access to Cable TV or Satellite TV, including 20 million households are DTH
subscribers. In Urban India, 85% of all households have a TV and over 70% of all
households have access to Satellite, Cable or DTH services. TV owning households
have been growing at between 8-10%, while growth in Satellite/Cable homes
exceeded 15% and DTH subscribers grew 28% over 2009. It is also estimated that
India now has over 500 TV channels covering all the main languages spoken in the
nation.
Satellite television
As of 2010, over 500 TV Satellite television channels are broadcast in India. This
includes channels from the state-owned Doordarshan, News Corporation owned
STAR TV, Sony owned Sony Entertainment Television, Zee TV, Sun Network and
Asianet. Direct To Home service is provided by Airtel Digital Tv, BIG TV owned by
Reliance, DD Direct Plus, DishTV, Sun Direct DTH, Tata Sky and Videocon D2H.
DishTV was the first one to come up in Indian Market, others came only years later.
Cable TV is through cable networks and DTH is wireless, reaching direct to the
consumer through a small dish and a set-top box.
TELEVISION IN SINGAPORE
Television in Singapore is strictly regulated by the government. MediaCorp TV, fully
owned by government holding company Temasek Holdings, has a monopoly on
terrestrial television channels, while the sole cable operator is StarHub. The private
ownership of satellite dishes is banned.
History
Broadcasting developed from a single terrestrial channel operated by the Singapore
Broadcasting Corporation (SBC) in the 1 January 1980 to 31 December 1993. When
SBC was rebranded as Television Corporation of Singapore (TCS) it launched
Channel 5, Channel 8 and Channel 12. A reorganisation on 1 January 1996 saw the
creation of MediaCorp and a redistribution of programming among the channels.
Cable
The Performing Arts is one of the largest and most diverse sectors in Singapores
creative industries. It is an art form that engages a live audience through stage
performances, often taking the audience into a make-believe world of the
performers. The sector is driven by people with the passion for the arts and the talent
to tell a good story, skilled at fusing rich Asian heritage with contemporary art forms,
melding the conventional with innovative technical theatre techniques, as well as
possessing a strong knowledge and understanding of the global and regional
performing arts scene, our talents are poised to take Singapores performing arts to
new heights. Producers, directors, writers, composers, artistes, technical specialists,
presenters... notable individuals and groups have collaborated with leading foreign
players and established their networks in the West, across Asia and even the Middle
East.
The Indian economy continues to perform strongly and one of the key sectors that
benefits from this fast economic growth is the E&M industry. This is because the
E&M industry is a cyclical industry that grows faster when the economy is expanding.
It also grows faster than the nominal GDP during all phases of economic activity due
to its income elasticity wherein when incomes rise, more resources get spent on
leisure and entertainment and less on necessities. The size of E&M in India is
currently estimated at INR 353 billion and is expected to grow at a compounded
annual growth rate of 19 percent over the next five years.
The television industry continues to dominate the E&M industry by garnering a share
of over 42 percent, which is expected to increase by a further 9 percent to reach
about 51 percent. The share of the film industry, which currently stands at 19
percent, is not expected to change materially over the next five years. Print media,
which stands at over 31 percent, is projected to lose some of its share in favour of
the emerging segment.
Subscription revenues are projected to be the key growth driver for the Indian
television industry over the next five years. Subscription revenues will increase both
from the number of pay TV homes as well as increased subscription rates.
Filmed entertainment
Indians love to watch movies. And advancements in technology are helping the
Indian film industry in all the spheres film production, film exhibition and marketing.
The industry is increasingly getting more corporatized. Several film production,
distribution and exhibition companies are coming out with public issues. More
theatres across the country are getting upgraded to multiplexes and initiatives to set
up more digital cinema halls in the country are already underway. This will not only
improve the quality of prints and thereby make film viewing a more pleasurable
experience, but also reduce piracy of prints.
Print media
A booming Indian economy, growing need for content and government initiatives that
have opened up the sector to foreign investment are driving growth in the print
media. With the literate population on the rise, more people in rural and urban areas
are reading newspapers and magazines today. Also, there is more interest in India
amongst the global investor community. This leads to demand for more Indian
content from India. Foreign media too is evincing interest in investing in Indian
publications. And the internet today offers a new avenue to generate more
advertising revenues.
Radio
The cheapest and oldest form of entertainment in the country, which was hitherto
dominated by the AIR, is going to witness a sea-change very shortly. As many as
338 licenses are being given out by the Indian government for FM radio channels in
91 big and small towns and cities. This deluge of radio stations will result in rising
need for content and professionals. New concepts like satellite, internet and
community radio have also begun to hit the market. Increasingly, radio is making a
comeback in the lifestyles of Indians.
1. Piracy
2. Lack of a uniform media policy for foreign investment
3. Level playing field with incumbents
4. Content regulation
5. Price regulation in the television industry
6. Cross-media ownership rules
7. Lack of empowered regulators
8. Merging of the FII and FDI caps
9. Tax treatment of foreign broadcasting companies
A wide range of festivals takes place throughout the year. The major ones
include the Singapore Arts Festival (June, three weeks), Singapore
International Film Festival (April, two weeks), International Comedy Festival
(April, three weeks), The Substations Septfest (September, one month),
Singapore Writers Festival (September, one week) and Nokia Singapore
Art (December - January, two months).
Community-based Arts
Apart from the arts companies and societies, our grassroots cultural
organisations have also helped to contribute to the vibrancy of the arts
scene. The Peoples Association (PA) plays a significant role in promoting
the arts through performances and courses held at community centres/
clubs.
Cultural Facilities
Besides the three theatres run by the NAC Kallang Theatre, Victoria
Theatre and the Drama Centre, there are a host of other performing arts
venues in Singapore. These range from Black Boxes to small theatres like
Jubilee Hall at the Raffles Hotel (388 seats), mid-sized venues like the
DBS Auditorium (579 seats), to large venues like the Singapore Indoor
Stadium (12,000 seats). The Esplanade Theatres on the Bay, is
Singapores premier performing arts center it comprises of 1,800-seat Concert Hall,
a 2000-seat Theatre, three performing and rehearsal studios and outdoor
performing spaces. The National Heritage Boards (NHB) museums have been able
to attract healthy numbers of Singaporeans and visitors.
An innovative initiative was the launch of the arts radio station, Passion
99.5FM. The station airs infotainment arts programs, music, radio plays,
as well as previews and reviews of shows in our cultural scene
Within a year of its official launch in April 1998, the station had doubled its weekly
listenership to 60,000.
(Source: Radio Diary Survey by AC Neilsen, 29 Mar 23 May 99.)
Conclusion
This is thus a critical juncture for the state of the arts in Singapore. Having
secured the economic necessities of life, Singaporeans are discovering
the allure of culture and things aesthetic. The potential for Singapore to
develop into a renaissance city of Asia is high. The population should thirsts for
knowledge, culture and the arts. This means increased demand for spaces for
libraries, bookstores, museums, theatres, concert halls and exhibition areas. There
will be dedicated arts precincts and cultural campuses in the city centre like Waterloo
Street and the Empress Place area, supporting a growing number of creative and
cultural activities. Museums and heritage trails will dot our cityscape to showcase our
shared heritage.
There should be an explosion in interest in arts and heritage issues, with intelligent,
mature and passionate exchanges in the media and among people. Standards of art
criticism improve and there is more and better quality documentation of the arts and
heritage scene in Singapore.
There is a thriving arts industry and private sector efforts to promote the arts on a
sound business case complement the support extended from the government and
corporate sectors. There is the need to develop more major arts companies,
including some flagship ones that become our National companies. These widen
the opportunities available to nurture artistic talents and to attract and absorb foreign
creative talents. Local artists are encouraged to produce works from a Singaporean
perspective and clear, internationally-recognized Singapore and pan-Asian voices
begin to develop.
In terms of quantitative benchmarks, numbers of arts events, professional arts
companies, arts facilities, attendance at arts events and government funding for the
arts per capita should reach a level comparable with cities like Hong Kong, Glasgow
and Melbourne over the next five to ten years. In the longer term, Singapore should
be as vibrant as top league cities like London and New York City.
For India
With rapid advancements in technology, we believe that convergence will play a very
crucial role in the development of the Indian entertainment and media industry where
consumers will increasingly be calling the shots in a converged media world.
Broadband access and Internet Protocol (IP) will be the technology enablers that will
evolve this new breed of consumers.
In the converged world of tomorrow, content and access will no longer be in short
supply. Opportunities for consumers to access and manipulate content and services
will not only be abundant, but overflowing. However, consumer time and attention
will be limited. Thus, established approaches of pushing exclusive content through
non-linear-channels or networks to mass or segmented audiences will no longer
guarantee competitive advantage.
Thus, following are the challenges and opportunities that convergence will bring to
the industry:
Consumer needs are expanding beyond the mass media and segmented media to
Lifestyle Media, a new approach that will help consumers maximize their limited
time and attention to create a rich, personalized and social media environment. This
approach presents many opportunities for the industry to create new avenues to
generate revenue.
Knowledge of consumer activity rather than exclusive ownership of content or
distribution assets will become the basis for competition. Businesses that capture
consumer activity data and use it to inform business and advertising models will be
positioned to succeed.
Early movers in establishing media marketplaces will have a significant advantage
over late entrants because of network effects, whereby the value of the market place
increases as the number of participants increase.
Media market places will be economically viable only if operational efficiencies can
be realized through consumer activity measurement capabilities and supporting
systems.
The Indian entertainment and media industry today has everything going for it - be it
regulations that allow foreign investment, the impetus from the economy, the digital
lifestyle and spending habits of the consumers and the opportunities thrown open by
the advancements in technology. All it has to do is to cash in on the growth potential
and the opportunities. The government, on its part, needs to play a more active role
in sorting out policy-related impediments to growth. The industry needs to fight all
roadblocks- such as piracy- in a concerted manner, while churning out high-quality,
world class end products. The entertainment and media industry has all that it
takes to be a star performer of the Indian economy.
the country from perturbations in the global market. Apart from these policies, the
government has also actively encouraged new industries to develop in Singapore so
as to respond to the needs of the global market.
The underlying influence of the government can also be felt in other various facets of
the society from education, to transportation, to housing and to the media.
However, many social policies that have been implemented are often seen to be
supplementary for the economy. As such, many people have labelled the country
as Singapore Inc. where the country appears to be run more like a
corporation than a nation.
To date however, the Singapore Model or Singapore Inc. has proven to be
extremely successful. Globally and regionally, the Singapore economy has
demonstrated astounding resilience to financial crises such as the 1997 Asian
Financial Crisis or the 2008 Global Financial Crisis. Singapore is also the only
Asian country to have AAA credit ratings from all three major credit rating
agencies Standard & Poors, Moodys and Fitch. According to the 2011 Index
of Economic Freedom, Singapore is the 2nd freest economy in the world.
Singapores business freedom score is exceptionally high it takes three days to
start a business in Singapore compared to the worlds average of thirty-four days.
Apart from strong business and regulatory policies, other factors such as the
countrys strategic geographic position, a vast natural seaport, a highly skilled
workforce and a favourable tax regime, have created a conducive business
environment for companies and industries.
Singapore is an entirely urban nation with a population of 5.2 million. It has an
anticipated GDP of US$261.4 billion for 2011 and has forecasted growth rates of
over 5 percent. Singapore is a relatively wealthy nation and it is estimated that over
68 percent of households have an annual income of over US$50,000.
i On a per capita basis, Singapore has the highest food consumption levels
in the Southeast Asia region. Singapore food consumption is forecasted to
reach US$7.5 billion in 2011 and account for 3 percent of GDP.
ii Because of its limited land for agriculture, Singapore imports more than 90
iii Imports of food and beverage are expected to grow 8.3 percent in 2011.
iv The typical Singaporean diet contains large amounts of fish and meat.
Meat and fish account for 14.6 percent of New Zealands overall exports,
making Singapore a valuable trading partner in these products.
2007-08
2008-09
2008-09 % change
6438.8
7283.2
13.1
Market Drivers
Food retail currently accounts for 40 percent of retail spending in Singapore and this
figure is expected to rise. However, the overall food and beverage market is not
growing rapidly. Food consumption is expected to increase by only 2.3 percent in
2011. The main drivers of this growth are higher incomes and rising tourism levels.
Additionally, there are three key drivers that are leading to high growth in certain
types of products:
Premiums: Higher levels of income mean that Singaporeans are becoming more
willing to purchase value-added food and beverage at a premium. An example of
this is the growing demand for functional foods.
Food Accountability: Singapore consumers are becoming more aware of health
and safety issues. Due to this, food and beverage items that are packaged and
labelled with nutritional information, as well as healthier products, are
experiencing higher demand.
Urbanisation:
having less time available for food preparation. This is leading to higher demand
for convenience food products and processed foods.
Import Trends
In 2010, New Zealand exported NZ$547 million worth of food and beverage products
to Singapore. This was up 28.7 percent from 2009. The top exports have all
experienced at least double digit growth. Exports of whey, other natural milk
products,
crustaceans and molluscs approximately doubled in value. Additionally, milk and
cream, which accounts for almost half of New Zealands exports to Singapore, grew
by 45 percent.
Traditional Stores: Traditional stores have only 3 percent of market share but
make up 70 percent coverage of total food retailers in Singapore. Typical stores
in this category include wet markets, provision shops and sundry shops:
Sundry
Horizon Asia Resources had traded over one thousand products mostly of
international recognized brands.
3. BIGBAZAAR.SG - Singapore
Importer, Exporter, wholesaler and distributor of all kinds of foodstuff, Beverages and
related products.
the rule of law. The highest goal of the government is the survival and prosperity of
this small nation. This often means, having to make unpopular but hard and wise
decisions in the interest of the nation. The government believes in being pro-active
and thinking for the future. Although many Singaporeans refer to the current ruling
party PAP (Peoples Action Party) as Pay and Pay, it is the PAPs governance and
intellectual policy decisions that has contributed to Singapores political stability,
social harmony and economic prosperity. Infrastructure and conditions for
investment, including ensuring the rule of law, were put in place.
According to Singapores founding father Lee Kuan Yew, Singapore has been able
to attract some 9000 multi-national companies, because it offers First World
conditions in a Third World region. Good governance is having a good system that
will ensure the country survives, so that citizens have secure lives. In 2012, the
Political and Economic Risk Consultancy ranked Singapore #1 for having the best
bureaucracy in Asia. The World Economic Forums 2011 2012 Global
Competitiveness Report also reaffirms that Singapore has the highest public trust of
politicians and the least burden of government regulation. According to corruption
watch-dog Transparency Internationals 2010 Corruption
Perceptions Index,
Economic environment
Singapore boasts of a competitive, corruption-free, open business environment. The
Port of Singapore is one of the busiest in the world as the country focuses on
electronics and chemical exports to richer industrialised nations. However, over the
years, Singapore has diversified its economy and today it has become a research &
development hub, bio-medical hub, banking and finance center and in recent times
the health-care destination of Asia. Today, Singapore is a knowledge-based
economy and attracts multinational investments. Its open trade policies, social
stability, world-class infrastructure and international communication links, are some
of the reasons why foreign investors flock its shores. This is despite the fact that land
and labour costs have risen sharply and employers have to pay a sizable portion of
their employees salary to their Central Provident Fund.
Singapore is the second most competitive economy in the world according to the
World Economic Forums Global Competitiveness Report 2011-2012. According to
the Heritage Foundations 2012 Index of Economic Freedom Singapore is the
second freest economy in the world. The country is also known for its low tax
regime. In Singapore, personal income tax rates start from 0% and are capped at
20% for residents while non-residents are taxed at a flat rate of 15%. The corporate
income tax rate in Singapore is approximately 8.5% for profits up to S$300,000 and
a flat 17% above S$300,000. The GST or VAT rate is only 7%. Furthermore, there is
no dividend tax, no estate duty, and no capital gains tax.
According to a report by financial advisory firm, Ernst & Young and the Japan
External Trade Organisation, Singapore was found to be one of Asias best
investment destinations for foreign firms. It has benefited from these firms, as they
bring in capital, technology, management know-how and access to international
export markets. Singapore has also realised the need to enhance its manpower and
encourages top foreign talent to re-locate here. Hence the labour force is highly
educated, competent and skilled. The country has consistently topped the World
Banks Doing Business survey for the past six years in a row and it was accorded
the top spot in BERIs 2011 Labour Force Evaluation Measure.
Socio-cultural environment
Singapores social and ethnic fabric is a unique blend of cultures and people
Malays, Chinese, Indians and expats from various countries. Singapores lifestyle is
multi-cultural with each of these ethnic communities maintaining their unique way of
life and at the same time living harmoniously. Singapores society is cosmopolitan
due to the influx of foreigners in recent times. Along with it comes an openness
towards people and respect for all. People are amiable and courteous to each other.
High emphasis is placed on communal and racial harmony. Singaporeans are
honest, highly disciplined and extremely hard-working. There is respect for seniority,
authority and social norms. While individualism is prominent, Singapore is a society
that honours collectivism. Racism is taken seriously in the country. The Singapore
government has laid down five basic Shared Vales to develop a distinct Singapore
identity nation before community and society above self; family as the basic unit of
society; community support and respect for the individual; consensus not conflict;
racial and religious harmony.
Singapore is also known for its strict law enforcement procedures, for combating
crime and other offences. While popular opinion holds that the country is extremely
rigid and rule-bound with heavy fines and caning as punishments the legal
framework has contributed to Singapores stability and security. Women can move
about freely even late at night, without the fear of being harassed. There has been
no instance of mass shooting, serial killing, terrorist bomb attacks or civil
unrest. Expatriates continue to cite safety as one of the most attractive features of
living in Singapore. Singapore is the twelfth best country in the world for expat life
experience according to HSBCs 2010 Expat Experience Report. Gallups 2010
Potential Net Migration Index unveils Singapore as the worlds most favored
immigration destination. The country ranked #8 in the world for personal safety in
Mercers 2011 Quality of Living Rankings and is the #1 place for Asian expats
according to ECA Internationals 2010 Location Ratings System..
Access to Consumer goods
Singapores retail sector experiences brisk trading conditions practically all year
round. With an increase in disposable income, housing boom and aggressive retail
promotion, people spend on luxury items, automotive and household items like
furniture and other consumer durables. Hence, every retailer is setting up shop in
Singapore. According to the 1990 national census window shopping was the
number one leisure activity. Both Fast Moving Consumer Goods (packaged food,
cosmetics, toiletries, household products etc.), and luxury brands are easily
available. Many consumer durables have become basic necessities in Singapore. By
the year 2003, most households had a television (98%), refrigerator (99%), handphone (89%), air-conditioner (72%), and a computer (70%). Time saving household
appliances like washing machines (93%), microwaves and vacuum cleaners have
also become common. Even for higher priced durables like a piano, organ or a car,
ownership is fairly prevalent.
Hyper-marts like Carrefour and Giants are a one stop shop where everything is
available under one roof. Super markets like Cold Storage (popular with the expats),
NTUC Fair Price (co-operative supermarket chain), Shop & Save have several
outlets that dot the island. Most of these supermarkets offer promotions and
discounts and also stock basic Mexican, Australian and Indian products. This apart,
there are convenient stores like 7-Eleven and small local grocery shops near the
housing estates. You wold also find speciality supermarkets like Media-Ya
(Japanese products and sea food), Tanglin Market Place (American products),
Tierneys (Scandinavian, Swiss and German products) and Mustafa (Indian
products). Heat-and-serve meals, semi prepared food, frozen food, western-type
convenience foods are gaining importance. Low fat foods, diet beverages, yogurt,
fruits and other health foods are also becoming popular. Since Singapore imports
every possible item from every corner of the globe, the choice is wide and prices are
competitive.
Positive Factors
Negative Factors
ingapores most attractive features are: safety; cleanliness; efficiency. All in all,
Singapore is one of the best cities to work, live and play.
Singapores trade Indicators and
Account
billion
consumer
goods,
Primary
exports
(12.4%),
United
China
(7.9%),
partners:
UAE
States
Singapore
Primary imports:
petroleum
and
China
(9.7
percent),
Japan
(4.6
percent)
fuels,
chemicals,
foodstuffs,
consumer goods
Primary imports partners: US (14.7
of
total imports),
Malaysia
(11.6
Trade in Singapore
Singapore is the 14th largest exporter and the 15th largest importer in the world.
Historically, international trade has strongly influenced the economy. According to
the WTO, Singapore has the highest trade to GDP ratio in the world at 407.9
percent. Due to its geostrategic location and developed port facilities, a large volume
of Singapore's merchandise exports involve entrept trade with 47 percent of
exports consisting of re-exports.
Changes in the world between the 20th century and the 21st century that affect
the FMCG industry
The year 2000 roughly marks the watershed between 2 eras in the evolution of the
FMCG industry. Several things have changed between the 2 eras:
1. Some
retailers
are
now
as
big,
or
bigger
than
many
FMCG
the upper end of the technology innovation S-curve. The last century was a
period when chemical, materials and industrial technology were starting to evolve
rapidly, and new industrial technologies brought us innovations like the washing
machine, rice cooker, and other home appliances. During this time, well managed
brands that communicated capability were a source of competitive advantage. It
was also difficult for competitors and upstarts to manufacture the products
because technology know-how was not widespread. They did not have the knowhow (e.g. advanced detergents, shampoos etc) or scale to manufacture
effectively.
However, technology progress in chemical, materials and personal/household
technology is now entering the upper end of the S-curve. While technology
advances continue at a rapid pace, fewer of these advances are "paradigm
changing". People are no longer experiencing "shock and awe" at new products
coming onto the market, and are generally able to understand new FMCG
products. There are also fewer radical advances in categories; for example, in
many cases, the difference between a good detergent and a cutting edge
detergent is not dramatic. The result is that the value of brands deteriorates for
capability driven brands, and makes it hard for consumers to differentiate one
product from another. The widespread availability of manufacturing and
technology know-how also makes it easier for upstart competitors to manufacture
functionally near-equivalent products. The result is that many categories of
FMCG goods are in danger of being commoditized.
3. The mindset and norms of people brought up in the Information
Age reduces the value of brands. The generation that grew up in the
information age is culturally different from the generations before. Compared to
the past, when information was harder to come by, people are now used to
looking for information on product attributes and sharing product reviews.
Information is freely available and the new generation is mentally predisposed to
looking for information. The value of brands as a signaling mechanism is
reduced. For example, observe how the online jeweler Blue Nile has been able to
build a large customer base relatively quickly. In the past, it would have been
unthinkable for consumers to buy thousand dollar pieces of jewelery over the
phone, much less over the Internet. High value purchases of such hard-to-assess
products would only be done at trusted jewelry stores.
Singapore's economic performance compares better with that of the OECD countries
over the same period, with GDP growth more than twice the OECD growth of 3.3%.
In the year 2003 the growth rate was declined to 2.5 percent and further increased to
8.4 percent to the year 2004.
The balance of trade has remained in favour of Singapore since 1999 but it is more
or less fixed for the last five years in value terms (in S $). Indian exports to
Singapore have been steadily increasing, growing in S$ terms by 48.8% (2000),
7.52% (2001) and 3.5% (2002), and 21.25% (2003).
Investment
Singapore has emerged amongst the top foreign investors in India. During the period
January 1991 to May 2003, approvals for Foreign Direct Investment from Singapore
to India (excluding NRI and euro issues/portfolio investment) amounted to Rs.53
billion (approx USD 1.2 billion,).
Some of the Government-Linked Corporations (GLCs) of Singapore's projects
include Ascendas' Information Technology Park in Bangalore.The Government of
Singapore Investment Corporation (GIC) has registered itself in India as an Financial
Institutional Investors, and has committed Rs. 119 million in HDFC Ltd. Instead of
investing in other stocks and equities.
Singapore is one of the most popular holiday destinations of the East. Medical
tourism has added another dimension to its tourism popularity. It has been heralded
as a centre of medical excellence and has been a meeting place for medical
professionals for conferences and training.
A medical tourist in Singapore has an option of recuperating with a splendid postsurgical vacation in Singapore. The excellent medical service and a rejuvenating
holiday ensure a safe and refreshing journey to your home land.
healthcare
system
comprises
public
and
private
healthcare,
Primary Healthcare
Primary health care includes preventive healthcare and health education. Private
practitioners provide 80% of primary healthcare services while government
polyclinics provide the remaining 20%. However, public hospitals provide 80% of the
more costly hospital care with the remaining 20% by private hospital care.
Our island network of 18 outpatient polyclinics and some 2,000 private medical
practitioner's clinics provides our primary health care services. Each polyclinic is an
affordable subsidized one-stop health center, providing outpatient medical care,
follow-up of patients discharged from hospitals, immunization, health screening and
education, investigative facilities and pharmacy services. The needy elderly receive
further help through the Community Health Assist Scheme (CHAS). CHAS is most
helpful for those who cannot travel to polyclinics.
Hospital Care
Our 7 public hospitals comprise 5 general hospitals, a women's and children's
hospital and a psychiatry hospital. The general hospitals provide inpatient and
specialist outpatient services, an 24-hour emergency department. 75% of public
hospital beds are heavily subsidized. There are also 6 national specialty centers for
cancer, cardiac, eye, skin, neuroscience and dental care.
CONCLUSIONS
Our research & overall study on the medical tourism of India brings us with following
highlights of conclusion:
India is very well known and amongst the top rankers in the field of medical tourism
around the world.
The medical treatment package price in India is 35% to 40% lesser than the
treatment cost in USA or Thailand or Singapore.
India plays key roles & ensures that India uses its strength in medical field to get
global financial benefits.
Though they find medical treatments US, Singapore & certain other parts of the
world feasible, but when the services of such country hospitals, their costs, their
doctors are compared to that of India, Indian medical services are found much far
ahead of those of US & other countries of the world in all aspects.
We plan to make tie-ups with hospitals like Shelby for knee replacement, which is
one of the most well-known hospitals of India for organ replacements.
We plan to focus for tie-ups with the few best existing hospitals of Gujarat
&especially
Ahmedabad for providing medical services by inviting Singapore residents here &
giving them the best possible service.
The insurer should establish a risk management function, preferably independent from
the operational processes, if warranted by the size and complexity of its operations. This
function would be primarily responsible for the development of and ensuring compliance
with the insurers risk management policies and procedures. In order to be effective, this
function should have the requisite authority, sufficient resources and be able to raise issues
directly to the Board or relevant Board Committee.
Prudential in Singapore
Prudential plc is a multinational life insurance and financial services company
headquartered in London, United Kingdom.
Prudential's largest division is Prudential Corporation Asia, which has over 15 million
customers across 12 Asian markets and is a top-three provider of life insurance in mainland
China, Hong Kong, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, the Philippines and Vietnam. Its
Prudential UK division has around 7 million customers and is a leading provider of life
insurance and pensions in the UK. Prudential also owns Jackson National Life Insurance
Company, which is one of the largest life insurance providers in the United States, and M&G
Investments, a Europe-focused fund manager with total assets under management of
203 billion at 30 June 2011.
Prudential has a primary listing on the London Stock Exchange and is a constituent of
the FTSE 100 Index. It had a market capitalization of approximately 15.9 billion as of 23
December 2011, making it the 25th-largest company on the London Stock
Exchange. Prudential has secondary listings on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange, New York
Stock Exchange and Singapore Exchange.
History
1848 to 2000
The Company was founded on 30 May 1848 in Hatton Garden in London as the
Prudential Mutual Assurance Investment and Loan Association providing loans to
professional and working people.
In 1854 the Company began selling the relatively new concept of industrial branch
insurance policies to the working class population for premiums as low as one penny through
agents acting as door to door salesmen. The army of premium collection agents was for many
years identified with the Prudential as the "Man from the Pru".
It moved to its traditional home at Hol born Bars in 1879 and converted to a limited
company in 1881. The building was designed by Alfred Waterhouse, and is built of terracotta
In October 2004 Prudential launched a new subsidiary, Pru Health, a joint venture
with Discovery Holdings of South Africa selling Private Medical Insurance to the UK
market.
In April 2008 Prudential outsourced its back office functions to Capita: about 3,000
jobs were transferred (1,000 in Stirling, 750 in Reading and 1,250 in Mumbai). This
significant outsourcing deal, worth an estimated 722m over a 15 year contract, built on
Prudential's existing relationship with Capita who took over its Belfast operation in 2006
along with approximately 450 employees in a smaller operational restructure.
On 7 April 2009, it was announced that Prudential was in talks with Manchester
United regarding becoming the English football giant's shirt sponsor in 2010. However, on 3
June 2009, Manchester United announced that it had signed a four year shirt sponsorship deal
with American insurance giant, Aon Corporation. On 1 March 2010, Prudential announced
that it was in "advanced talks" to purchase the pan-Asian life insurance company
of AIG, American International Assurance (AIA) for approximately $35.5 billion. The deal
later collapsed and AIA ended up raising money in an IPO.
Prudential Singapore, an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of UK-based Prudential
plc, is one of the top life insurance companies in Singapore. We are one of the market leaders
in investment-linked plans with over S$7.38 billion funds managed under PruLink funds as at
31 December 2011. With a rich history that has spanned more than 80 years, Prudential
Singapore now has a dedicated team of approximately 3,100 financial consultants and over
700 employees. We are committed to serving the needs of more than 680,000 policyholders
with over 1.6 million policiesPrudential Singapore is the first life insurer in Singapore to be
named Asia's Life Insurance Company of the Year in 2000. We were also presented with the
Gold Award in Reader's Digest Trusted Brands for four consecutive years from 2007 to 2010
and the May Day Model Partnership Award in 2009. In 2010, we emerged as one of the top
insurers in Singapore in the Customer Satisfaction Index, which is a national barometer that
tracks 104 companies from eight sectors.
Singapore has become a major sourcing hub and headquarters site for companies in the textile
and apparel industry. The Republic of Singapore whose name means "Lion City" is
situated off the southern tip of the Malay Peninsula in Southeast Asia and comprises
Singapore Island and 60 islets. The British established Singapore as a trading colony in 1819.
It became a part of the Federation of Malaysia in 1963, but it left the federation in 1965 to
become an independent nation and now is among the world's most prosperous countries. It
holds a strong position in international trade, and its per capita gross domestic product is
comparable to that of Western Europe's leading nations. One of the most densely populated
countries globally, Singapore ranks fourth worldwide as a financial center, according to the
City of London's Global Financial Centres Index 7.
Manufacturing, distribution and retail are the main activities within Singapore's textile and
apparel industry. According to 2008 data from Singapore's Department of Statistics,
Economic Development Board and SPRING Singapore a government agency that
implements programs to support the country's textile and apparel sector the textile and
apparel industry comprises 4,818 establishments, of which in that year 4,212 were
wholesalers and retailers and 606 were manufacturers. In 2008, sales totaled approximately
US$6.9 billion and manufacturing output was worth approximately US$700 million. In 2008,
the industry employed 27,378 people. Singapore's textile and apparel manufacturers export
their products primarily to the U.S. and European markets, and are some of the largest
suppliers to brands such as Nike and Gap and department stores such as Macy's.
The Textile and Fashion Federation Singapore established in 1981 through a coalition of
textile and apparel associations with cooperation from International Enterprise Singapore
and SPRING Singapore, launched Apparel Singapore in July 2008 as a brand to represent a
group of major Singapore apparel manufacturers in their strategic and global marketing
efforts. The brand comprises member companies also known as brand ambassadors, which
include established, successful Singapore-based apparel manufacturers that also operate
"Not many people know that the largest suppliers for international brands like Nike, Macy's
and GAP are actually apparel manufacturers based in Singapore," said Lim Hng Kiang,
minister for trade and industry, in remarks made at the official launching ceremony of
Apparel Singapore. "They have been able to ride the wave of globalization by offering an
integrated global sourcing solution to established global retailers and buyers. Our [textile and
apparel] companies have been able to provide flexibility and customization of service
offerings to these global customers by leveraging on the cost-effective manufacturing
locations in China, Southeast Asia and South Asia, and basing their headquarter functions in
Singapore."
With its stable government and Western business practices, and because international brands
demand suppliers' compliance with high standards, Singapore has become an attractive
location for textile distributors to set up headquarters activities. The World Bank Group's
Doing Business Project, which evaluates business regulations and their enforcement across
183 economies and selected cities worldwide, ranked Singapore number one in the overall
"Ease of Doing Business" category in its 2011 report.
This is the fifth year the country has led the rankings number of textile dye and chemical
suppliers have relocated their headquarters to the country. For example, in 2010, Switzerlandbased textile dyes and chemical supplier Clariant International Ltd. moved its Textile
Chemicals Business Unit headquarters from Reinach, Switzerland, to Singapore. "Singapore
is the optimum location from which to service the key global textile markets across India,
China and South East Asia," said Thomas Winkler, head of Clariant's Textile Chemicals
Business Unit.
Huntsman Textile Effects a manufacturer of chemicals and dyes for finished textiles and
materials, and a division of Huntsman Corp. has relocated its headquarters from Basel,
Switzerland, to Singapore. In announcing the move in 2009, Huntsman Textile Effects
President Paul Hulme said: "Geographically, Singapore is an ideal location from which to
serve the markets in China, India and Southeast Asia, but also allows us to continue to serve
and grow our business in Europe and the Americas. Singapore was chosen from a number of
possible locations, primarily because of its proximity to our key growth markets, the
excellent international business environment encouraged by the Singapore Economic
Development Board, and the availability of the high quality professionals that will be critical
to the continued growth of our global business."
In 2008, Germany-based chemical company BASF SE made Singapore the headquarters for
its Performance Chemicals for Leather and Textiles global Business Unit; and in 2007,
Wilmington, Del.-based DuPont Imaging Technologies opened a technology center in
Singapore to support its DuPon Artistry digital printing system for textiles and to serve its
customers in the Asia Pacific region.
Machinery Shipments
Because Singapore is more of a gateway for the textile industry than a manufacturing base,
the country does not import much textile machinery. The 2008 and 2009 International Textile
Machinery Shipment Statistics reports of the Switzerland-based International Textile
Manufacturers Federation (ITMF) indicate that with the exception of a small number of
circular knitting machines, little textile machinery has been exported to Singapore by
respondents to its machinery shipment surveys.
The German Engineering Federation (VDMA) Textile Machinery Association also reports
that Singapore is not a significant market for Germany's textile machinery exports. Total
machinery exports to Singapore in 2009 were worth approximately 2.2 million Euros; and in
the first three quarters of 2010, machinery exports were worth nearly 4 million Euros.
Nanotechnology
The Singapore Institute of Manufacturing Technology (SIMTech) a research institute of
Singapore's Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR) recently launched
the Nanotechnology in Manufacturing Initiative (NiMI) to explore new market opportunities
in the global nanotechnology market, which is projected to be worth more than US$2.4
trillion by 2015 and is relevant to many textile applications. The initiative is supported by
International Enterprise Singapore, Singapore Economic Development Board and SPRING
Singapore. Thirteen companies are members of the initiative, including companies operating
in the textile sector such as Pidilite Innovation Centre, a provider of adhesives and sealants,
textile chemicals, organic pigment powders and industrial resins, among other products;
Toray Industries Inc., a supplier of fibers and textiles and carbon fiber composite materials,
among other products; and 3M, a supplier of tapes and adhesives, abrasives, flexible circuits,
safety and security solutions, reflective film and other products for industrial, commercial and
consumer applications.
In the last years, there has been a decrease in the domestic export of Singaporean textile and
apparel. However, there is still optimism about the industrys contribution into the islands
economy. Though Singaporean companies have their production mostly outside the country,
headquarters and main branches stay on the island. Furthermore, the industry has a multiplier
effect on other supporting industries like logistics or banking.
3. Woollen Textiles
4. Readymade Garments
5. Hand-crafted Textiles
6. Jute and Coir
India textile industry is one of the leading in the world. Currently it is estimated to be around
US$ 52 billion and is also projected to be around US$ 115 billion by the year 2012. The
current domestic market of textile in India is expected to be increased to US$ 60 billion by
2012 from the current US$ 34.6 billion. The textile export of the country was around US$
19.14 billion in 2006-07, which saw a stiff rise to reach US$ 22.13 in 2007-08. The share of
exports is also expected to increase from 4% to 7% within 2012. Following are area,
production and productivity of cotton in India during the last six decades:
Strengths
Entrepreneurial skills
Weaknesses
Increased global competition in the post 2005 trade regime under WTO
The productivity of cotton which was growing up over the years has decreased in
2008-09.
Imports of cotton were limited to shortage in supply of Extra Long staple cottons.
Year Area in lakh hectares Production in lakh bales of 170 kgs Yield kgs per hectare
1950-51
56.48
30.62
92
1960-61
76.78
56.41
124
1970-71
76.05
47.63
106
1980-81
78.24
78.60
170
1990-91
74.39
117.00
267
2000-01
85.76
140.00
278
2001-02
87.30
158.00
308
2002-03
76.67
136.00
302
2003-04
76.30
179.00
399
2004-05
87.86
243.00
470
2005-06
86.77
244.00
478
2006-07
91.44
280.00
521
2007-08
94.39
315.00
567
2008-09
93.73
290.00
526
Year
1996-97
16.82
1655.00
1997-98
3.50
313.62
1998-99
1.01
86.72
1999-00
0.65
52.15
2000-01
0.60
51.43
2001-02
0.50
44.40
2002-03
0.83
66.31
2003-04
12.11
1089.15
2004-05
9.14
657.34
2005-06
47.00
3951.35
2006-07
58.00
5267.08
2007-08
85.00
8365.98
2008-09
50.00
N.A.
Year
Value (` /Crores)
1996-97
0.30
56.42
1997-98
4.13
497.93
1998-99
7.87
772.64
1999-00
22.01
1967.92
2000-01
22.13
2029.18
2001-02
25.26
2150.01
2002-03
17.67
1789.92
2003-04
7.21
880.10
2004-05
12.17
1338.04
2005-06
5.00
695.77
2006-07
5.53
752.29
2007-08
6.50
986.33
2008-09
7.00
N.A.
For Singapore, and the Business Travel, Meetings, Incentives, Exhibitions and
Conventions (BTMICE) sector, 2011 was a watershed year. A total of 3.1 million business
travellers came, accounting for 27 per cent of all visitors to Singapore and approximately
S$5.4 billion in tourism receipts. This translated into impressive growth rates of 19.2 per cent
and 28.4 per cent respectively over 2009.
The number of meetings, incentives, conventions and exhibitions also surged, with
attendance of some events reaching all-time highs. Aiding this growth were events such as
10th place among 130 countries. Mr. S Iswaran, Senior Minister of State for Trade and
Industry expressed his views about Singapore tourism plans and its execution. He was more
focused on sustainable tourism by attracting more quality tourism rather than quantity
tourism. As revealed by Ms. Aw Kah Peng, Chief Executive, Singapore Tourism Board,
Singapore is now aimed at attracting 12 to 13 million visitor arrivals in 2011.
Singapore Tourism Board also uncovered the new mobile technology App. Your
Singapore Mobile Guide that would facilitate and help travelers wishing to visit Singapore.
Conference also marked the presence of Horwath HTL Asia Pacific that plays a major role in
appraisal of travelers in the Singapore.
What's next: Targeting to 2015
The STB has launched its new target for tourism development until 2015. The
STB, has done very well in promoting and developing Singaporean tourism to an
excellent performance level
What about the future? The Singapore Tourism Board has been setting the
target for the next decade. The target is created by realizing the new emerging powers
such as China and India which both are potential markets for Singapore tourism,
without ignoring the established market such as the neighbors, Europe, United States
and Japan. The goal for the target is for tourism to remain a key contributor in the
economy.
The STB has identified three key foci, especially, to creating strengthening
Singapore's position as
(a) Leading convention and exhibition city in Asia with a strong and dynamic business
environment. Since there are several convention cities such as Hong Kong, Singapore
has always to consider them as competitors;
(b) Developing Singapore as a leading Asian leisure destination by providing an
enriching experience that is Uniquely Singapore;
(c) Establishing Singapore as the services center of Asia - a place where visitors can
enjoy quality services such as healthcare and education services.
Indicator
2004
2015
Tourism
Receipts
(SG
10
30
17
150,000
250,000
Billions)
Visitors Arrivals (Million)
Tourism Employment
Source: STB
Tourism sector Performance
This tremendous growth is reflected across all sectors in Singapores tourism industry,
with a multitude of diverse dining, retail, arts and entertainment options enriching
Singapores rich and vibrant tourism offerings.
Singapores visibility on the world stage as an exciting, quality travel destination has
also been enhanced through key events such as the Asia Fashion Exchange, World Gourmet
Summit and Travel Rave as well as outstanding tourism infrastructure as seen in the Resorts
World Sentosa and Marina Bay Sands Integrated Resorts, endearing itself to new and
returning travelers alike.
10.3
10.1
9.8
2006
9.7
2007
2008
2009
2010
2
1
0
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
Category
603
Travel Agents
467
213
67
33
Total
1383
Criteria
Singapores Rank
Indias Rank
13
78
Tourism Infra.
33
89
Natural Resources
96
55
112
Prioritization of Travel
91
and Tourism
(Source: UNWTO)
Singapore Tourism Board (STB) unveiled its latest plan targeted at the India market.
The Holiday You Take Home with You, the third in a series of customized and
differentiated marketing campaigns, follows the previous campaigns in the adoption
of a consumer-centric approach by tailoring its experiences based on a deeper
understanding of the needs of Indian leisure travelers. The visitor-centricity is in line
with Singapores destination brand, YourSingapore, which empowers visitors to
personalize their unique Singapore experience according to their needs and wants.
Through years of presence and in-market engagements held with Indian consumers,
STB has deepened its understanding of the market and observed changes in their travel
habits, needs and the way Indian travellers research and plan for their leisure trips.
Indian travellers today possess a more global worldview, and in-market interactions
have uncovered Indian consumers preferences for families to travel and bond together
through shared learning experiences. They seek much more out of their holidays and put
priority on aspirational, engaging experiences that deliver quality and enrichment, and which
suit their passions and interests at the same time. Many also research and plan their own Free
and Independent Traveller (FIT) itineraries on the Internet, eager to try out new things.
At the same time, the tourism landscape in Singapore has undergone tremendous
changes in recent years, with a myriad quality experiential and enriching activities, many of
which appeal to Indian travellers. The Holiday You Take Home with You campaign,
launched on 20 March in major cities including Mumbai, New Delhi and Bangalore,
highlights Singapores tailored offerings which appeal to the Indian audience. The core of the
campaign touches on four pillars of enriching experiences, namely Family Fun, Active
Lifestyle, Culinary and Romance. Beyond the sights and sounds of Singapore, visitors can
delve deeper into the wide range of activities from swimming with the dolphins, taking
cooking classes on Peranakan cuisine to picking up a new skill like skydiving.
Khushboo Gujarat ki
Khusboo Gujarat ki is a giant advertisement campaign done by the Gujarat tourism
board under the leadership of honorable chief minister Mr. Narendra
ModiThese
campaign is specially done to explore the untapped resources of Gujarat in the field of
tourism industry..This campaign is targeting the domestic tourists from all over India as well
as international tourists form all over the world..and that is the only reason that the
advertisement is being done in 2 languages i.e. Hindi and English
Bollywood super star Mr. Amitabh Bacchan is the Brand Ambasaddor of Gujarat and
is endorsing the same campaignThe Tourists destinations focused in the advertisement
are..:
The great response is being seen from domestic as well as from international
tourists in the recent festival in Kutch named RANN UTSAV because of the great
advertisement campaign approx. 350 crores of fund is being invested as a part of this
campaign by Gujarat Tourism Board. The punch line of this campaign is kuch din to
guzariye Gujarat mein