UNIT 12 FOOD &

DRINKS
Immune System
Your immune system is made up of white blood cells. To
give adequate protection, these cells should be working 24
hours a day. They are directly affected by the quality of food
you eat, the way you behave, and the nature of your
thoughts. Excessive sugar, protein, zinc, iron or manganese
and too much Vitamin C or Vitamin E are dangers to the
immune system. You should also monitor magnesium intake.
Most people dont get enough magnesium in their diets.
Since diet and psychology are closely related, a magnesium
deficiency can create anxiety symptoms. The minimum
amount of magnesium necessary is usually 300 to 500
miligrammes a day. When you are highly stressed, you would
need more magnesium as its used up very rapidly at such
times. The best sources are green leafy vegetables, lean
meat and whole grains. Stress, sorrow and trauma damage
the immune system. So, you should be especially cautious
about your diet during these times. Remember to exercise
too because it enhances the function of your immune system
by reducing stress. Examine your expectations about health.
Make your immune system stronger. Being sick a couple of
times a year is inevitable only if your immune system hasnt
been improved.

Partitives
An uncountable noun can be made countable by using a
partitive. The word partitive is used to show that only a part

of a whole or a piece of something is referred to, for example

a slice of bread, a lump of coal or a bar of chocolate.
The following table shows each item as a single unit. It can
very well be more than a single unit. The content in the table
includes other expressions such as a release of a strong
emotion, for example an outburst of anger, an aspect of
something, for example an element of danger, etc which
may not be termed partitives.

a piece of cake / advice / information / furniture

a jar of jam
a rasher of bacon
a glass / bottle of water
a box of chocolates
a bar of chocolate / soap
a cup / glass of tea / coffee
a packet of crisps / tea / biscuits
a slice / loaf of bread
a kilo / pound of meat
a tube of toothpaste
a bit / piece of chalk
a bag of flour
a drop / can of oil
a can of coke
a carton of fruit juice / milk

a tin of beans / peas

a dash of cinnamo

Cooking Methods
1. to cook

vegetables

2. to fry

potatoes

3. to boil

eggs

4. to stir

sauce

5. to bake

cake

6. to roast

beef

Idioms
Idioms are words, phrases, or expressions that cannot be
taken literally. In other words, when used in everyday
language, they have a meaning other than the basic one you
would find in the dictionary. Every language has its own
idioms.

Sayings
A saying is a short, clever expression that usually contains
advice or expresses some obvious truth. Many traditional
sayings are still in general use today.

How To Write A Recipe

First, write down the title, number of the serving and the
serving size of the dish you will make. Then;
The Ingredient List

List all ingredients in order of use, as described in stepby-step instructions.

List the most important ingredients first, if it can be

consistent with order of use.

Spell out everything: tablespoons, ounces, etc.

If the recipe has different elements (a pie, for example

has a crust, a filling), break up the ingredient list with
headings such as "Crust" and "Filling."

If an ingredient begins with a letter instead of a

number, freshly ground black pepper, for example,
capitalize the first letter, as in "Freshly ground black
pepper."

If the preparation of an ingredient is simple, place that

technique in the ingredient list, as in "2 eggs, beaten"
or "1 stick butter, softened."

The Preparation Method

Where helpful, indicate the size of bowls and cookware.

For example, "In a large mixing bowl...."

You do not have to write complete sentences. Be as

short and concise as possible.

With instructions for the stove-top, indicate level of

heat. For example, "Simmer over low heat."

State exact or approximate cooking times, with

descriptive hints for doneness, if appropriate. For
example, "Sear 1 minute on each side," and "Bake 1822 minutes, or until crust is light golden brown."

Separate each step into a different paragraph. If you

are mixing dry ingredients in a bowl, for example, use

one paragraph for all the instructions for that step.

Finish with serving instructions including how to plate,

what temperature to serve, how to garnish.

The last instruction should be regarding storage, if

applicable. For a cookie recipe, for example, "Cookies
will keep at room temperature in an airtight container
for 3-4 days."

A Final Note
You must test your recipes to make sure they work, the
amounts and serving sizes are correct, and that they taste as
great as you intend. If you are "testing as you go" make sure
to take perfect notes. For beginners, and most of us pros,
repeat testing and revision are needed. It helps to have
other people follow your recipes to see if they actually make
sense