TECHNICAL ENGLISH 2014

HOMEWORK 3

NOMINAL COMPOUNDS
1. ACTIVITY: a. Practice reading the following texts to improve your pronunciation.
b. Identify only in TEXT 1 the nominal compounds as shown in the example:
Example: The decline in (coal) sales was attributable to the (domestic and foreign heat supply) market.

TEXT 1: Consideration of environmental and human health issues in metallurgy is growing rapidly. While not all
metallurgists need to have detailed expertise in environmental and health questions, they should be aware of the
challenges the metals industry faces, be able to interact with colleagues in other sciences and contribute to sound metal
resource management. Hydrometallurgists occupy a unique position among metallurgists because of their knowledge
of the behaviour of metals in aqueous systems, which are of fundamental importance in understanding environmental
chemistry and human toxicology. As a result, hydrometallurgists should more frequently and passionately lend their
expertise in assessing environmental and health risks of metals and in helping to develop effective global guidelines,
regulations and process and product stewardship strategies, thereby enabling metals to continue their beneficial service
to society.
TEXT 2: The Environment Protection Agency (EPA) in USA, in its report to the US congress, estimated that the
mining and beneficiation of metallic ores between 1910 and 1981 produced nearly 41 billion metric tons of tailings
and mine waste. In 1982 alone, 438 mines operating in US generated an estimated 926 million tons of waste. The
contributions from various metals are shown in Table 1 (Macdonnel, 1988). EPA also estimated that 61 million tons of
mining wastes generated annually are hazardous. This amount is roughly the same as the total hazardous wastes
contributed annually from all other industries put together. Additionally, there was another category identified, of
potentially hazardous wastes which included 23 million tons per annum of cyanide containing wastes, 95 million tons
per annum of wastes with high acid formation potential and 182 million tons per year of copper leach dump wastes
with potential for releasing toxic metals and acidic liquids.
2. ACTIVITY: Write what you understand when reading the following compounds. Do as shown in the
example:
Modern electronic computing machinery= Machinery for computing that is electronic and modern
1. New decontamination processes = ________________________________________________________________
2. Automatically controlled process = ________________________________________________________________
3. Process measurement technology = ________________________________________________________________
4. Recently discovered mechanical properties = _________________________________________________________
5. Deposit and substrate property measurements = _______________________________________________________
6. Component and materials testing and analysis services = _______________________________________________
7. Serious processing problems = ____________________________________________________________________
8. The most insoluble arsenic compounds = ____________________________________________________________
9. Liquid iron alloy = ___________________________________________________
10. Computer model generation = ______________________________________________________________________

11. Liquid iron alloy = _______________________________________________________________________________

12. Continuous nickel converting processes= ____________________________________________________________