Line protection unit

SUMITTED BY:

ANKIT KUMAR
NITISH BHARDWAJ

UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF

Mr. PRAVEEN MALIK

Mr. ANSHUL GAUR

DEPARTMENT OF ELETRONICS &

COMMUNICATION

Bachelor of Technology (E.C) Sem.VII

SESSION : 2009 – 2010

SUBMITTED TO
UTTAR PRADESH TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY, LUCKNOW
(U.P)
RADHA GOVIND ENGINEERING COLLEGE, MEERUT (U.P)
Line protection unit

A protective time delay circuit delays energization to an electric load until a

predetermined time has elapsed from a previous deenergization. A transistor

has its emitter connected to an ac conductor and has its base coupled to an rf

remote control circuit. The collector is connected to the relay whose current

electrodes are coupled to the thermostat conductor and to a load device. A

small resistor and a zener can be connected to the transistor to provide

brownout protection. A temperature sensitive resistor can be included to

increase or decrease the lockout period as a function of temperature. This

resistor can be mounted in thermal proximity to the load to be protected. A

thermistor placed in parallel to latching capacitor can provide thermal overload

protection .

Automatic shutdown ( under/over voltage)

High And Low Voltage Cut Off With Time Delay

The power line fluctuations and cut-offs cause damages to electrical

appliances connected to the line. It is more serious in the case of domestic

appliances like fridge and air conditioners. If a fridge is operated on low

voltage, excessive current flows through the motor, which heats up, and get

damaged.
The under/over voltage protection circuit with time delay presented here is a

low cost and reliable circuit for protecting such equipments from damages.

Whenever the power line is switched on it gets connected to the appliance

only after a delay of a fixed time. If there is hi/low fluctuations beyond sets

limits the appliance get disconnected. The system tries to connect the power

back after the specific time delay, the delay being counted from the time of

disconnection. If the power down time (time for which the voltage is beyond

limits) is less than the delay time, the power resumes after the delay: If it is

equal or more, then the power resumes directly.

Protection against breaking line accident

A RF TRANSMITTER AND RECEIVER CONNECTED FROM START TO

AND POINT IS PROVIED SEFTY AGAINST LINE BREAKING

TRANSMITTER SEND A SIGNAL FROM LAST POINT OF DISTRIBUTION

AND A RELAY CONNECTED TO RECEIVER , CONNECT PRIMERY TO

MAIN TRANSFORMER. In case of line break it stop supply of transmitter and

receiver can’t receive signal and turn off relay and mains line get zero .
BLOCK DIAGRAM

COMPONENT USED

220VAC TO 24 VAC TRANSFORMR

NE 555 IC

BC148 NPN TRANSISTER

1000/40 VOLT CAP.

LED WHITE

IN 4007 DIODE

LM 7805 VOLTAGE REGULATOR IC

12 VOLT SPST RELAY

THERMISTER