CONTENTS IN A BRIEF

CONTENTS IN A BRIEF .................................................................................................

EDITORIAL BOARD ........................................................................................................

ii

WELCOME MESSAGE ....................................................................................................

iii

TABLE OF CONTENTS ...................................................................................................

A. Advanced Material and Energy ..................................................................................

B. Enviromental Science and Technology ......................................................................

77

C. Molecular and Health Science ....................................................................................

124

D. Instrumentation and Measurement ..............................................................................

234

E. Mathematics, Statistics, and Modelling ......................................................................

252

F. Science and Technology Education ............................................................................

322

Addendum ...........................................................................................................................

344

i!

PROCEEDINGS OF THE 5TH ANNUAL BASIC SCIENCE

INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE
Advancing to the frontier of innovation in science
ATRIA HOTEL AND CONFERENCE, MALANG, INDONESIA
FEBRUARY 11th-12th, 2015

EDITORIAL BOARD
Editor-in-Chief
Dr.Sc. Lukman Hakim (Brawijaya University, Indonesia)
Deputy editor
Akhmad Sabarudin, D.Sc (Brawijaya University, Indonesia)
Associate editors
Prof. Shoji Motomizu (Okayama University, Japan)
Prof. Frederic Merienne (Informatique et Image at Arts et Metiers ParisTech, France)
Prof. Fahrul Zaman Huyyop (Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Malaysia)
Prof. Duangjai Nacapricha (Mahidol University, Thailand)
Prof. Agus Suryanto (Brawijaya University, Indonesia)
Widodo, Ph.D.Med.Sci (Brawijaya University, Indonesia)
Dr. Sal Prima Yudha (Bengkulu University, Indonesia)

Please cite the proceeding as Proceeding of Annual Basic Science International Conference
Vol. 5 with the following abbreviation:
Proc. Basic Sci., 5
Issued on April 11th, 2015
Revised with addendum on April 18th, 2015

ii!

WELCOME MESSAGE
On behalf of the organizing committee, I extend my hands to invite you to the 5th Annual
Basic Science International Conference (BaSIC 2015).
Being its fifth year, the organization of this year is a milestone for the annual Basic Science
International Conference. Sitting quietly behind this milestone is a long history that records
the evolution of this annual meeting. The conference was initiated on 2000 by the Faculty of
Science of Brawijaya University under the humble name of National Conference of Science
(Seminar Nasional Kemipaan). The conference then expand and change its name into Basic
Science Seminar. Starting from 2006, the conference has continuously invited international
participants. On 2011, the conference adopted the present name and expanded its scope to
international. For more than ten years, the conference has facilitated the communication
between scientists across disciplines in science.
Science is advancing rapidly and enables us to reveal and comprehend how this universe
works. The scientists are naturally rewarded by the excitement to discover new things that
bring them closer to the answer of their curiosity, while at the same time continuously
providing contribution to human race in form of knowledge. The long contribution from the
works of scientists around the world has brought us to a deeper knowledge, where the
boundaries dispute between science disciplines become an obsolete issue. By promoting
collaboration across disciplines, we will further extend the opportunity to discover an
innovation, gain better understanding, and enhance the advancement of science body.
This event is aimed to promote scientific research activities by fellow scientists in Indonesia
and overseas, in a hope to build and strengthen networks and collaborations.

With best regards,

Dr.Sc. Lukman Hakim
Conference Chairperson

iii!

WELCOME MESSAGE
On behalf of the Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, we are very pleased to
welcome you in the Fifth Annual Basic Science International Conference. By conducting this
conference, we can communicate our research, solving our problems and strengthening our
collaborations. Thus, let us give our gratitude to the keynote speakers.

Prof. Hideki Tanaka (Okayama University, Japan)

Prof. Aulanniam (Brawijaya University, Indonesia)
Prof. Frederic Merienne (Informatique et Image at Arts et Metiers ParisTech, France)
Prof. Fahrul Zaman Huyop (Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Malaysia)
Prof. Shoji Motomizu (Okayama University, Japan)
Prof. Edy Tri Baskoro (Institute Technology Bandung, Indonesia)
Prof. Isao Kadota (Okayama University, Japan)
Prof. Duangjai Nacapricha (Mahidol University, Thailand)

Many thanks to invited speakers for delivering and sharing his competencies.
Thanks to all oral presenter, contributor for poster session and all of the participant for your
attention, support and contribution for this conference. By providing this proceeding, we can
follow-up our collaboration in research between us.
Last but not least many thanks to the steering and organizing committee chaired by Dr.Sc.
Lukman Hakim for the great work to succeeding this conference.

Prof. Dr. Marjono, M.Phil

Dean Faculty of Science, Brawijaya University

iv!

TABLE OF CONTENTS
A. Advanced Material and Energy ...............................................................................
1)

Modification of PET Surfaces with End-Functionalized Polymers Prepared from RAFT

Agents to Achieve Antibacterial Properties .......................................................................................

1
1

Saldhyna Di Amora, Bndicte Lepoittevin, Philippe Roger

2)

Optimization Mechanical Characteristics Of Biodegradable Plastic From Sorghum Starch

(Sorghum bicolor (L) Moench) And Chitosan Of Shrimp Waste With Modification Of
Plasticizer Sorbitol-PVA Concentration ............................................................................................

Heru Setiawan, Reza Faizal

3)

Magnetic Properties of Ni-Zn Doped M-Tipe Barium Hexaferrite Prepared by Sol-Gel Method

Rizki Agustianto, M. Dwi Febri Ridho, Rizky Dekatama K., A Marsha Alviani, Widyastuti

4)

Influence of Ni doped on Synthesis Multiferroic BiFeO3 via Sol-gel Method .................................

12

Muhammad Ghufron, Retno Asih, Darminto

5)

Synthesis of Analcime Directly from Kaolin : The Influence of Alkalinity and Silica to
Alumina Ratio .......................................................................................................................................

16

Nurfiansyah, Didik Prasetyoko

6)

Study of Microstructural and Mechanical Properties Cu-Sn Composite .......................................

19

Vicko Gestantyo A., Widyastuti, Khoiril Metrima F., Rindang F., Rochman Rochiem

7)

Determination of Coal Potency at Tana Tideung District, North Kalimantan using

Geoelectrical Method ...........................................................................................................................

23

Adi Susilo

8)

Vulnerability of Karangkates Dams Area by Means of Density Contrast Parameter to

Anticipate Energy Sustainability ........................................................................................................

27

Sunaryo, Adi Susilo

9)

Selective Formation of Monomer and Dimer Product from Aldol Condensation of Furfural
and Acetone by Reflux and Autoclave Batch Reactor using MgO Catalysts in Water .................

31

Siti Mariyah Ulfa, Ryzky Martha Anjani, Amaniyah, Hideki Okamoto

10) The Performances of ZnO-based Dye Sensitized Solar Cells (DSSCs) Using Purple Sweet
Potato, Black Glutinous Rice, and Young Teak Leaf as Sensitizers ...............................................

35

Eriek Wahyu Restu Widodo, Diah Susanti, Hariyati Purwaningsih, Rindang Fajarin

11) The Effect of Temperature on Hydrogen Adsorption Capacity of Zeolite-Y Templated Carbon
with K2CO3 Activation .........................................................................................................................

39

Farradina Choria Suci, Audiya Tri Prasetya, Nurul Widiastuti

12) Effect of the pot-stand height on the thermal efficiency of biomass stove UB ...............................

43

M. Nurhuda, M. Hasbullah

13) Porosity and Specific Compressive Strength of Aluminum A6061 Foam Produced by Metal
Casting with CaCO3 Powder as Blowing Agent ................................................................................

46

Yudy Surya Irawan, Kelik Bayu Akhyari, Tjuk Oerbandono

14) Variation Calcination Temperature Characterization on Phase Transformation of Lithium

Iron Phosphate Carbon Composite (LFP/C) Using Solid State Method .........................................

50

Zuffa Anisa, Mochammad Zainuri

15) Filler Size Impact to the Characteristic and Performance of Chitosan/ Silane-Modified
Montmorillonite Composite Membrane for DMFC Application ....................................................

53

Ratih Kusuma Wardani, Dian Permana, Lukman Atmaja

16) Synthesis Mordenite from Kaolin and Rice Husk Ash: Effect of Alkalinity and Time
Crystallization ......................................................................................................................................

56

Berty Septiyana, Didik Prasetyoko

17) Optimation of Rhenium-oxo-gluconate Synthesis as a Precursor for Synthesis of Rheniumdioxo-tetrofosmin .................................................................................................................................

Widyastuti, Sriyono

v!

59

18) Bleduk Kuwu Mud Exploration As Matrix Composite Materials For Solids Electrolyte
Polymer Primary Battery With Addition Of Chitosan .....................................................................

63

Reza Faizal, Heru Setiawan

19) The Effect of Pectin Addition on Poly(vinyl Alcohol) membrane for Acetic Acid Permeation ....

66

Ulfa Andayani, Jumina, Dwi Siswanta, Diah Mardiana

20) Study on Etherification of delta-guaiene Using H2SO4 and FeCl3/p-TsOH as Catalyst ................

70

Mohamad Fathoni Aziz, Edi Priyo Utomo, Warsito

21) Fire Risk Analysis of Gas Liquefaction Process in FLNG ...............................................................

73

Munir Muradi, Ketut Buda Artana, A.A.B Dinariyana D.P

B. Enviromental Science and Technology ...................................................................

77

1)

77

Assesment of Electromagnetic and Radon Concentration as Earthquake Precursors .................

Angga Setiyo Prayogo, Suliyanti Pakpahan, Bambang Sunardi

2)

Characterization, Dating 14C and Composition of Banjars Boat Artifact from Panggadingan
Site, Barito River-Kalimantan ............................................................................................................

81

Susilo, T.B., Rohman T., Asri V., Satrio

3)

Bioconcentration of Heavy Metals Pb and Cu in Mangrove Trees from Sarinah Island

Mangrove Ecosystem, Estuary of Porong River, Sidoarjo, East Java ............................................

85

Andre Syafriotman, Ledhyane Ika Harlyan, Syarifah Hikmah Julinda Sari

4)

Potency of Local Insects Pollinators of Dragon Fruit (Hylocereus undatus) ..................................

89

Ramadhani Eka Putra, Tutut Indah Sulistiyowati

5)

Flowering Phenology of Rhizophora apiculata in the Former Ponds Sembilang National Park
South Sumatra ......................................................................................................................................

93

Sarno, Nita Aminasih, Harmida

6)

Stomata Characterization of Local Corn Cultivar Wich is Grown Under Field Condition In
Kisar Island Southwest Maluku Regency ..........................................................................................

96

Hermalina Sinay, Estri Laras Arumingtyas, Nunung Harijati, Serafinah Indriyani

7)

Coated Wire Cr(Vi) Ion Selective Sensor Based on Chitosan Supported by Polyvinylchloride
(Pvc) Matrix ..........................................................................................................................................

100

Atikah, Hermin Sulistyarti, Zulkarnaen, Zuri Rismiati

8)

The Effect of Various Basic Materials and Doses of Liquid Organic Fertilizers on Celery
(Apium graveolens) Growth and Yield ...............................................................................................

104

Made Deviani Duaja, Nelyati, HisarTindaon

9)

Diversity of Anthozoa in Intertidal Zone of Madura Island ............................................................

108

Ulfi Faizah, Reni Ambarwati

10) 3D Tomograpic Analysis of Earthquake in Sumatra Using Local Earthquake Tomography ........

112

Siti Diah Ayu Febriani, Bagus Jaya Santosa

11) Mercury Bioaccumulation by Diplazium esculentum Grow on The Riverbank Near

Amalgamation and Cyanidation Unit of Talawaan-Tatelu Gold Mining, North of Sulawesi ......

116

Tommy Martho Palapa, Alfonds Andrew Maramis

12) Application Of Resistivity Method Wenner Configuration For Interpreting the Spread Of
Rock Archaelogical Sites Gambar Wetan Temple District Blitar ...................................................

120

Agussalim, Eko Minarto

C. Molecular and Health Science .................................................................................

1)

Isolation of Entopathogenic Bacillus sphaericus from Lombok Beach Areas ................................

124
124

Bambang Fajar Suryadi, Tri Ardyati, Suharjono

2)

Effectivity of Non Polar Extract Fraction from Key Lime (Citrus aurantifolia) and Kaffir Lime
(Citrus hystrix) Leaf against Aedes aegypti Larvae ............................................................................

128

Arif Nur Muhammad Ansori, Aulia Puspita Supriyadi, Maria Veronika Kartjito, Fauziah Rizqi, Hebert Adrianto

3)

Qualitative Study of Iron Chloride, Aluminium Chloride and Zinc Chloride as promising
Catalyst for Hydrogenation Reaction on Pentagamavunon-0(PGV-0) ...........................................
Ritmaleni

vi!

132

4)

Lignin and Mangan Peroxidase Profile From Phanerochaete chrysosporium ITB Isolate ............

136

Evi Susanti, Tri Ardiati, Suhardjono, Aulaniam

5)

Rumen Mechanical Stimulation through Brush Administration: Its Influence on Performance

of Beef Cattle Fed with Low Roughage Diet ......................................................................................

140

Y. R. Yanza, A. Jayanegara, D. A. Astuti2, J. Takahashi

6)

Total Solid-phase Peptide Synthesis of Trypsinmodulating Oostatic Factor (TMOF) and Its
Activity towards Crocidolomia pavonana ...........................................................................................

144

Rani Maharani, Eka Fitri Yanti, Devia Irma Melati M., Daniel Sihotang, Ari Hardianto, Lindung Tri Puspasari, Danar Dono

7)

Polymorphisms Of Glutamate Cysteine Ligase Gene is an Oxidative Stress Biomarker at

Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients .......................................................................................................

148

Ari Yuniastuti, Dewi Mustikaningtyas

8)

Antioxidative Effect of Goat Milk Yogurt Components in DOCA-salt Hypertensive Rats ..........

151

Masdiana C Padaga, Aulanniam, Novia Rachmawati, Baend Aprillidya,Nevi Kristi Yunani

9)

Application of lysosome isolated from Candida utilis as antimicrobial of Salmonella

Typhimurium ........................................................................................................................................

155

Titik Budiati

10) Polyphenol content and Antioxidant activity of Sargassum echinocarpum extracts ......................

159

Muhamad Firdaus

11) Biolarvicide Effectivity from Polar and Non Polar Extract Fraction of Citrus maxima Leaf
against 3rd Instar Larvae Aedes Aegypti ............................................................................................

163

Aulia Puspita Supriyadi, Arif Nur Muhammad Ansori, Maria Veronika Kartjito, Fauziah Rizqi, Hebert Adrianto

12) Isolation of Secondary Metabolites Compound and Antioxidant of Neem Root (Azadiractha
indica) From Poteran-Madura Island ................................................................................................

167

Prima Agusti Lukis, Taslim Ersam

13) Correspondence Analysis for Patternin the Incidence of Infectious Disease in South Sulawesi ..

171

Ricky Yordani

14) Effect of Root Extract of Avicennia Alba and Rhizophora Apiculata and Their Minimum
Inhibitory Concentration on Vibrio Sp (MC2P5) Cause Shrimp Vibriosis Disease ........................

175

Hary Widjajanti, Muhammad Rasyid Ridho, Munawar

15) Estimation of CT Dose Levels for Head Examinations from Some Major Hospitals in Malang ..

179

Johan Andoyo Effendi Noor, Indrastuti Normahayu

16) The Activity of Antioxidant and Biological Toxicity of Nhexane and Ethyl Acetate Extracts
From Microalgae Botryococcus Braunii .............................................................................................

183

Ni Wayan Sri Agustini, Mila F. Rindayani, Wiwi Winarti

17) The Effect of Different Medium, Cell Disruption Period by Sonication on CGF Production and
Antioxidant Activity of Chlorella pyrenoidosa ...................................................................................

187

Kusmiati, Lisa Loviany I., Ratna Djamil, INK. Kabinawa

18) Study of Exopolysaccharides and Antimicrobial Activity of Lactic Acid Bacteria Strains
Isolated From Fermented Products ....................................................................................................

191

Kusmiati, Fenida Roselina, Fifi Afiati

19) Preparation, Biodistribution and Clearance of Gd-Dtpa-Pamam G4-Nimotuzumab Mri

Contrast Agent Simulated by Using 153Gd-DTPA-PAMAM G4-Nimotuzumab ............................

195

Adang H.G., Rista S.,Yono S

20) The use of Dendimer for Preparing of High Specific Activity of Radiolabeled Monoclonal
Antibody as a Candidate Radioimmunotherapeutic Agent .............................................................

199

Martalena Ramli, Vanji Ikhsan Azis, Salman, Rini Agustin

21) Synthesis And In Vitro Test of 1-(4-chlorobenzoyl)-3-Methyl Thiourea on HeLa Cell ................

203

Ruswanto, Amir M. Miftah, Daryono H. Tjahjono, Siswandono

22) PCR-RFLP Study of HER-2 Transmembrane Domain Genes ........................................................

206

Desriani, Dwi Wulandari

23) Insilico Studies on The Effects of The Sedative Components of Patchouli Oil in Binding
Affinity to GABA Receptors ................................................................................................................
Edi Priyo Utomo, Dani Muara Histo, Warsito, Nurdiana

vii!

210

24) LimphocyteCell Modulation in Broiler Chick Bursa Fabricius after Infected by

Salmonelatyphimuriumand Supplemented with Polysciasobtuse Extract .......................................

213

Muhammad Sasmito Djati, Muhaimin Rifai, Septi Utami Dewi

25) Apoptosis of Liver Cell of Mice Caused by Formalin-Containing Foodstuff: Study on Extrinsic
Pathway through The Activation of Caspase-8 .................................................................................

216

Alfonds Andrew Maramis, Johanna Zusye Wantania

26) Purification of Thermostable Lipase Isolated from Geobacillus thermoleovorans PPD2 ..............

220

Anita H. Permana, Nur A. Hidayati, Fida M. Warganegara, Akhmaloka, Made P. Widhiastuty

27) Elicitation Callus Culture of Piper crocatum Ruiz and Pav. by Aspergillus sp ..............................

223

Junairiah, Nimatuzahroh, Hery Suwito

28) Anti-Inflamatory Mangostin Compounds Garcinia Mangostana L. ................................................

227

Sentot Joko Raharjo, Mila Yulaikha

29) Phenol Compound of Microalga Spirulina Platensis Potentially as Antimicrobial ........................

230

Ni Wayan Sri Agustini, Ari C. Mandayanti

D. Instrumentation and Measurement ........................................................................

1)

Sensor Interface Design for Monitoring Drinking Water Quality in Water Treatment Plant .....

234
234

Setyawan P. Sakti, Lalu S. Huda, Vani R. Wijayanto, Muhammad A. Syahbana

2)

The Effect of pH on The Performance of Coated Wire Lead (II) Ion Selective Electrode (CWISE) Based on Pyrophyllite ..................................................................................................................

238

Qonitah Fardiyah, Ika Rosemiyani, Barlah rumhayati

3)

Optimization of Cellulose Acetate Membrane in Biosensor Electrode of Profenofos Pesticide ...

241

Mashuni, L. O. A. N. Ramadhan, Y. Marlina, M. Jahiding

4)

Dosimetric Characteristics of Agate Stones for High Dose Dosimeters ..........................................

245

Ridhwan Haliq, Diah Susanti, Hasnel Sofyan, Hariyati Purwaningsih

5)

Analysis of Organic Acids in Coconut Brown Sugar ........................................................................

249

Julius Pontoh

E. Mathematics, Statistics, and Modelling ..................................................................

1)

Study of School Bus PlanningBy Using Max-Plus Interval Algebra ...............................................

252
252

Nahlia Rakhmawati

2)

The use ANOVA with Least Squares Methods (LSM) and ANOVA with regression approach
in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with Missing Observations ................................

256

Loekito Adi Soehono, Bernadetha Mitakda, Dwi Masrokhah

3)

Performance of Tobit Quantile Bayesian Regression Estimator and Powells Estimator Under
Different Error Distributions ..............................................................................................................

260

Evellin Dewi Lusiana, Ismaini Zain

4)

Bootstrapping for goodness-of-fit test of the random-effect distribution in mixed models ..........

263

Achmad Efendi

5)

Forward Modelling of Time Domain Induced Polarization (TDIP) Response for Simple Earth
Geometries ............................................................................................................................................

267

Yatini, Santoso, D., Laesanpura, A., Sulistijo, B.

6)

Identification of Self-Exciting Threshold Autoregressive Model by Using Genetic Algorithm ....

271

Maulida Nurhidayati, Irhamah

7)

An Inclusion Property Orlicz Spaces .................................................................................................

274

Al Azhary M., H. Gunawan, Wono Setyabudhi

8)

Parameter Estimation of Bivariate Weibull Regression ...................................................................

277

Fitrotul Hidayanti, Purhadi, I Nyoman Latra

9)

Parameter Estimation of Geographically Weighted Bivariate Poisson Regression Model ...........

281

Muhamad Ikbal Thola, Purhadi

10) Parameter Estimation of Geographically Weighted Univariate Weibull Regression (GWUWR)

Fitriarma Putri Santoso, Purhadi

viii!

285

11) K-means Algorithm to Clustering region in East Java Province based on Poverty Criteria .......

289

Zulkifli, Brodjol

12) An Implementation of Genetic Algorithm on Clusterwise Regression Analysis ............................

292

Bagus Sartono, Aep Hidayatuloh, Agus M. Soleh

13) Generalization Public Transportation Scheduling ...........................................................................

295

Subiono, Kistosil Fahim

14) Estimation of Linear Regression Models with L1 Penalty (LASSO) using Iterative Approach
and Its Implementation on Statistical Downscaling Models ............................................................

299

Agus M Soleh, Agus Salim, Aji H. Wigena, Asep Saefuddin, Anik Djuraidah

15) Spatial Regression Model on The Data of Child Labor in Indonesia ..............................................

302

Yulia Puspita Sari, Erfiani

16) Solving Quadratic Assignment Problems Using Ant Colony Optimization Analysis of
Algorithms ............................................................................................................................................

306

Setyven, Helena Margaretha, Samuel Lukas

17) Modelling the Effect of Screening and Therapy on the Dynamics of HIV Transmission in
Malang ...................................................................................................................................................

310

Marsudi, Marjono, Ari Andari

18) Sensitivity Analysis of Crew Competence and Size to Maintenance Cost for Fishing Vessel
Using System Dynamics Modeling ......................................................................................................

314

Yuniar Endri P., A.A.B. Dinariyana, Trika Pitana

19) The Application of Exponential Weighted Moving Average Control Chart on Compressive
Strength of Cement (The Case: PT Semen Indonesia (Persero) Tbk.) ...........................................

318

Suci Fitriani, Suci Astutik

F. Science and Technology Education .........................................................................

1)

The Use of Analogy in High School Chemistry Textbooks in Indonesia ........................................

322
322

Sri Rahayu, Andry Septiono

2)

The Effect of Modeling Instruction-Guided Inquiry on Science Process Skill and

Understanding of Physics Concepts of Senior High School Students .............................................

326

Vita Ria Mustikasari

3)

A Design of 3D Virtual Reality Chemistry Lab with Hand Gesture Interaction for Education ...

330

Sritrusta Sukaridhoto, Juang Mahmud Hasbulloh, Prasetio Nugroho, Lukman Hakim

4)

The Influence Missouri Mathematics Project Learning Models With Contextual Approach On
Spatial Ability And Self Esteem Junior High School Student .........................................................

334

Hanifah Nurus Sopiany, Rika Mulyati Mustika Sari

5)

Enhancing the Higher Order Thinking Skills of Vocational High School Students Using
Learning Module Based Guided Inquiry ............................................................................................

337

Oktavia Sulistina, Neena Zakia, Rahmat Yudha Wibisono, Iqma Noviyanti

6)

Application Of Web-Based Media Tutorial On Learning Outcomes Physics Class X In SMAN

1 Sungguminasa ....................................................................................................................................

341

Salehuddin, Muhammad Amin Said

Addendum ........................................................................................................................
1)

The Application of Citizen Science in Recording the Distribution of Invertebrates of Intertidal

Ecosystem ..............................................................................................................................................

344
344

Reni Ambarwati, Ulfi Faizah

2)

Study on Pollinator Efficiency of Trigona sp. as Pollinator of Local Coffee: Behavior

Assessment ............................................................................................................................................

347

Dian Anggria Sari, Ramadhani Eka Putra

3)

The Growth of Immature Oil Palm Plant (Phase 1) To Indigenous Mycorrhizal And Organic
Fertilizer Doses Application On Marginal Land ...............................................................................
Elis Kartika, Made Deviani Duaja, Gusniwati

ix!

351

4)

A Systemic approach of Hematopoietic Stem cells Mechanism for Medicinal Herbal in Female
Reproduction ........................................................................................................................................

355

Mochamad Sasmito Djati

5)

Geophysical Observations at Blawan-Ijen Volcano Geothermal Complex for Regional

Development in Energy Sustainability : a Preliminary Study .........................................................
Sukir Maryanto, Didik R Santoso, Ahmad Nadhir, Soemarno, Agus Setyo Wicaksono, Wiyono, Achmad A. Dardiri,
Abdurrouf, Hendra Gunawan, M Hendrasto

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358

Proceeding of The 5th Annual Basic Science International Conference

Received: Feb 13th, 2015; Accepted: Mar 23rd, 2015; Published online: April 11th, 2015.

A Design of 3D Virtual Reality Chemistry Lab with Hand

Gesture Interaction for Education
Sritrusta Sukaridhoto1*, Juang Mahmud Hasbulloh1, Prasetio Nugroho1, Lukman
Hakim2
1

Department of Multimedia Creative, Politeknik Elektronika Negeri Surabaya, Surabaya,

Indonesia
2
Department of Chemistry, Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia
* Corresponding authors: [dhoto@pens.ac.id]
Abstract Advanced three-dimensional (3D) virtual reality (VR) technology similar to that used
by the film and computer game industries can allow educational developers to rapidly create
realistic virtual environment. This paper presents a design project and considers the possibilities of
using 3D virtual reality and hand gesture interaction in chemistry education. The main goal in this
research is to develop 3D virtual reality chemistry lab with hand gesture interaction to be use for
education purpose. In this application we combined Oculus Rift 3D for displaying 3D objects and
also Leap Motion sensor to interact with user by using hand gesture recognition. We prepared 3D
objects such as Laboratory space, chemistry laboratory common apparatus, and also chemical
experiment simulator that can be explored by student.

1. INTRODUCTION
Many have argued that interactive 3D virtual reality environment have great educational potential due to their ability to
engage learners in the exploration, construction and manipulation of virtual objects, structures and metaphorical
representation of ideas [1], [2]. 3D virtual reality play a major role in education not only because they provide realistic
models with which students can interact to acquire real world experiences, but also because they constitute safe
environments in which students can repeat processes without any risk in order to perceive easier concepts and theories.
An educational virtual reality environment can be defined as one or more virtual worlds that offer multiple educational
functionalities to each user-student. Within these virtual worlds, students can navigate, interact with virtual objects and
study the educational material, which can be a 3D model or even text, image, sound or video. By using virtual reality
technology engages students attention and turn learning into pleasant and entertaining process like playing a game. The
main features of these applications: immersion, interactivity and in 3D.
E. Altun, etc., mentioned about problems in order to accomplish laboratory applications in chemistry. Laboratory
applications are complementary of chemistry instruction and they are major parts of chemistry lessons. However, at
some schools, laboratory applications of chemistry courses are missing because of the following reasons: absence of
chemistry labs, sharing laboratory with physics, chemistry and biology course, insecurity in labs because of dangerous
chemicals, crowded classrooms, lack of time, lack of materials, cost of equipment, and also incapableness of teachers
using labs effectively and their negative attitudes towards laboratory applications [3]. J Georgiou, etc., mentioned that
by implementing virtual reality technology give a lot of benefits [4]. Ali, N., etc., built Multimodal VR chemistry lab
[5], but in that application the user interaction still using mouse and keyboard.
In this paper, we present a design of 3D virtual reality chemistry lab with hand gesture interaction for education. We
develop a basic 3D objects such as laboratory space, chemistry laboratory common apparatus, and also chemical
experiment simulation program that built by using Unity 3D engine which equipped with combination of Oculus Rift
3D for displaying objects and also Leap Motion sensor to interact with user by using hand gesture.
The rest of the paper is organized as follow: Section 2 explains about system overview from our 3D VR chemistry lab.
Section 3 presents our implementation or Virtual Lab. Section 4 concludes this paper and with some future works.

2. SYSTEM OVERVIEW
Figure 1 shows about system overview of 3D VR chemistry lab. The 3D VR chemistry lab design is based on Unity 3D
engine. Unity 3D [6] is a cross-platform game creation system. On top of the Unity 3D engine we provide 3D and non3D objects to interact with user. In this system also can be connected to other learning applications such as PyMol or
WebMo. The input system used a Leap Motion [7] sensor that has ability to recognize hand gesture movement, and we
used Oculus Rift 3D DK2 [8] headset to produce 3D VR output.

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Figure 1 System overview of 3D VR Lab.

2.1 Unity 3D Engine

It is a 3D game engine developed by Unity Technologies, and is a data tool used to make games, contents, real-time 3D
animations, etc. It can be run on Windows and Macintosh OS X, and be used for development on various platforms
International Journal
of Engineering
Trends
Technology
(IJETT)
Volume
13 make
Number
Julgames
2014 utilizing a Unity web player plugin. It
including
Windows,
Mac,and
WII
and iPhone.
It canbe
used to
3D4web
provides easy and stable development environments compared to other game engines, it has an advent of a high
magnetic field. Combined, these allow for correction of drift
IV. development
WORKING success rate. The most distinct characteristics of the Unity3D engine are easy development environment
all three
axes.
and multi-platform environmentsinthat
can be
easily conversed. Unity3D support multi-platform environments such as
Windows and Mac, Xbox360, PS3, Wii, Android, IOS, Explorer, Chrome, Safari, Firefox and cab be run on Windows
Head tracking and Mac. Unity 3D supports three script languages, they are Java script, C#, and Boo. They all enable quick interactions
that can utilize the .Net library, and support database, regular expression, XML, networking, etc. Unity engine provides
ulus rift head tracking
lets for
the user
user interaction
look aroundby
theusing Oculus Rift 3D and also Leap Motion sensor.
library

world just in the manner they would in the real

2.2tracker
Oculus
Riftanalyzes
3D DK2
The Oculus Rift head
constantly
the
s head movement and
uses
it
to
control
the
view,
The Oculus Rift is a headset that allows a user to step into the game and look in any direction. The Oculus Rift is
of relying on a mouse
or analogue
stick
turn your kits version two (DK2). The oculus rift head tracking lets the user look around the virtual
currently
present
in to
developer
n the game. This makes
forjust
a completely
naturalthey
waywould in the real world. The oculus rift head tracker constantly analyzed the players head
world
in the manner
rve the world, which
is a majorand
factor
in immersion.
movement
uses
it to control the view, instead of relying on a mouse or analogue stick to turn your view in the game.
eadset consists of a Oculus Tracker v2 board
Oculus rift DK2 involves position tracking which allows the user to lean in for a closer look at an in-game objects or
ing of chips controlling the head tracking device. The
panel, or peek around a wall by moving their head Fig.4
and Head
upper
body,
and seeing their physical actions translated into the
tracking
sensor
are STM microelectronics 32F103C8 ARM Cortexvirtual world. The movement directions of the user who used oculus rift DK2 can be seen in Figure 2.
cro-controller with 72MHz CPU. Invensense .MPUsix-axis motion tracking controller .Honeywell
983 three axis digital compasses used in conjunction
e accelerometer to correct for gyroscope drift. The
VR sensor, support sampling rates up to 1000 Hz,
minimizes the time between the players head
ent and the game engine receiving the sensor data to
y 2 milliseconds. The increased sampling rates also
orientation error by providing a denser dataset to
te over, making the players real-world movements
n-sync with the game. The Oculus VR sensor includes
scope, accelerometer, and magnetometer. When the
Fig5 An illustration of the three axes.
om these devices is fused, helps in determining the
Figure 2 An illustration of the 3-axes.
tion of the players head in the real world and
onize the players virtual
in real-time. The
B. Position tracking
2.3 perspective
Leap Motion
orientation is reported as a set of rotations in a rightThe Leap Motion controller is a small USB peripheral device designed to be placed on physical desktop, facing upward.
coordinate system as given in figure(3) the Oculus rift DK2 involves position tracking which allows the
Using two monochromatic IR cameras and three infrared LEDs, the device observes a roughly hemispherical area, to a
ope, which reports the rate of rotation (angular user to lean in for a closer look at an in-game objectg
distance of about 1 meter (3 feet). The LED generate a 3D pattern of dot of IR light and the cameras generate almost
y) around X, Y and Z axes in radians/second, or panel, or peek around a wall by moving their head and
300 frame per second of reflected data, which is then sent through a USB cable to the host computer, where it is
es the most valuable data for head orientation upper body, and seeing their physical actions translated into
analyzed by the Leap Motion controller software using "complex maths" in a way that has not been disclosed by the
g. By constantly accumulating angular velocity the virtual world. The added positional tracking helps with
company, in some way synthesizing 3D position data by comparing the 2D frames generated by the two cameras. The
s over time, the Oculus
SDK(system
development
reducing
the dizziness,
the brain
doesn't
getFigure
confused
hand gesture
movement
of the user
who used
leap motion
can be
seen in
3. by the
n determine the direction of the Rift relative to where
missing degree of motion.
an. Although the gyroscope provides orientation
to the starting point, it creates two difficulties it
C. Control box
provide the original orientation of the headset and
ject to a small amount of drift over time (imagine re- Oculus Rift comes with its own power supply of standard
ng your head back to perfect center but in-game USB voltage of 5 V DC a. The power supply circuit is
now looking slightly left or right).These issues affect within the control box. The control box is the interface
computer. The basic control is done
R game with a fixed reference point (a game with a between headset and the331
by control box. There are five control buttons on it
, where the players heads orientation does not affect

Figure 3 Leap Motion Controller Coordinate System.

2.4 Assets
The main objects from 3D virtual environment is asset, in this VR lab we used 3 assets. Those assets are laboratory
space, 3D objects and also non-3D objects. The assets example can be seen in Figure 4

Figure 4 Assets: (A) Lab space, (B) 3D objects, (C) Non 3D objects.

3. VIRTUAL REALITY LAB IMPLEMENTATION

In this section, we explains about implementation of 3D VR chemistry lab. The implementation system can be seen in
Figure 5. They are 2 main implementations for this project: VR space, and User interaction.

(a)
(b)
Figure 5 User interactive in 3D VR chemistry lab: (a) system, (b) demonstration.

3.1 VR Space

Figure 6 VR lab space, chemical apparatus and experiment manual.

Figure 6 showed about the implementation of VR space, we built 3 types of asset. These assets are: (A) Lab space, (B)
3D Objects and (C) non 3D objects. For Lab space we created a room that already equipped with lab furniture such as,
room space, table, lighting, and wall. The 3D objects that we created are chemical apparatus equipment such as beaker,

332

microscope, test tube, Erlenmeyer flask, funnel, Titration tool and dropper pipet. And the additional asset is non 3D
objects, we built a menu button, user/student name and id, experiment manual, help button, pause button and also time.

3.2 User Interaction

They are 4 types of user interaction in our project, they are: user movement, holding an object, turning a knob and also
touching a button or area. The implementation of user interactions can be seen in Figure 7.
By moving our headset forward, backward or turn left/right, we can control the movement of user object inside VR lab
space. Oculus Rift provides zoom view by moving our head in front or backward. And when we turn our head, we can
see whole room environment.
Unity 3D engine provides physics engine, its means that objects inside of VR environment can collide with each other
like in the real world. By those features, user hand that detected by Leap Motion sensor can hold an object and also turn
a knob. With touch emulation from Unity and Leap Motion SDK provides an adaptive touch surface that can interact
with 2D element inside of application.

(a)
(b)
(c)
Figure 7 User interactions: (a) holding an object, (b) turning a knob, and (c) touch an area.

4. CONCLUSIONS
We developed a novel 3D virtual reality chemistry lab with hand gesture interaction by utilized Oculus Rift DK2 and
Leap Motion sensor. For future works we will add liquid physics engine and provide another scenarios in chemical
experiment.

5. REFERENCES
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.

Delgano, B., Bishop, A. G., Adlong, W., & Bedgood Jr, D. R., 2009, Computer & Education, 53(3), 853-865.
Dalgarno, B., Bishop, A. G., & Bedgood Jr, D. R., 2012, The potential of virtual laboratories for distance
education science teaching: reflections from the development and evaluation of a virtual chemistry
laboratory, The Australian Conference on Science and Mathematics Education, Australia.
Altun, E., Demirda, B., Feyziolu, B., Ate, A., & obanolu, ., 2009, Procedia-Social and Behavioral
Sciences, 1(1), 1895-1898.
Georgiou, J., Dimitropoulos, K., & Manitsaris, A., 2007, International Journal of Social Sciences, 2(1), 34-41.
Ali, N., Ullah, S., Rabbi, I., Javed, M., & Zen, K., 2014, Multimodal Virtual Laboratory for the Students
Learning Enhance-ment in Chemistry Education, International Conference of Recent Trends in Information
and Communication Technology (IRICT-2014), Malaysia.
Unity Game Engine, http://www.unity3d.com.
Leap motion, https://www.leapmotion.com.
The All New Oculus Rift Development Kit 2 (DK2), https://www.oculus.com/dk2.

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