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Viscosity of contaminant
b) Soil sorption
c) Permeability of soil
d) Moisture content of soil
to study the effect of ground moisture on the
spread characteristics of water and Glycerol
and engine oil contaminants. These tests were
Properties
value
10
Specific gravity of soil solids , G
0.35mm
2.644
Minimum density(min)
1.418 g/cc
Maximum density(max)
1.682 g/cc
Density
1.675 g/cc
Void ratio
0.578
Density index ID
97.95%
Permeability
41o
Fluid
Water
Property
Density(g/cc)
Viscosity(cp)
0.883
147
242
3) Experimental procedure:
The test procedure involved compaction of the
sand, introduction of the fluid, waiting for a
period to give time for the fluid to spread into the
soil, and tracing of the plan of the plume at the
different levels.
Compaction of sand: Initially 20 kg sand was
poured into the tank and leveled. This sand layer
was then compacted with a rammer (4 kg weight
with a square base of 10 cm x 10 cm) such that
the complete plan area was compacted with
overlapping blows. The procedure was repeated
for three more layers totaling to80kg. At this stage
another 10 kg of sand was poured and compacted
with the same energy as that of earlier layers. With
This process the tank got filled. .A final layer of 2
kg of sand was then placed to get the surface
perfectly level with the top of the tank. The 92 kg
(4x20kg+10kg+2kg) of sand was therefore used
to fill the tank gave an average density of
1.675g/cc.
Fig.1 Tracing results for test T1 in different depths from sand surface
Depth
(cm)
Fluid
Water
Glycerol (85%)
T3
Area of
tracing
results(cm)
(-)0.7 to (+)
0.8
(+)0.4 to (-) 0.8
1.458
(-)2.8 to (+)
2.8
(+)2.0 to (-) 3.6
26.83
(-)3.3 to (+)
3.5
(+)2.8 to (-) 4.5
40.24
11
(-)3.3 to (+)
3.2
(+)2.8 to (-) 3.9
35.41
13.5
(-)2.0 to (+)
1.3
(+)0.8 to (-) 3.0
11.62
Test ID
T
Spread in XX Spread in YY
direction (cm) direction (cm)
(Test
Engine oil
15.5
(+)0.2
(-)0.5
0.06
Test ID
T1
Volume of contaminated
area ( cm3)
380.24
T2
468.53
T3
637.12
6) Conclusion:
Based on the experimental investigation conducted
and the analysis of results following major
conclusions are drawn on the effect of moisture
content on aqueous and non-aqueous contaminant
spread:
(1) The vertical movement of viscous fluid is
greater than less viscous fluid and the reduction in
viscosity will result in increase in permeability
and hence free movement of fluid and more
spread on horizontal direction. But the results
indicated that total volume of contaminated plume
would be more for viscous fluid, this can be best
Reference:
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