Understanding LTE

John Hindson, 4G Network Architect, Carrier Networks, Nortel

Trends
Mega Trends

Person to Machine

Hyper-Connectivity

True
Broadband

CommunicationEnabled
Applications

By 2010, worldwide:
4-fold growth in
Internet Commerce
to 100B transactions
12 billion A-GPSenabled handsets
100 million+ iPods sold
iPhone: Hyperconnectivity
at applications level

Machine to Machine

98% of all CPUs today

are embedded
M2M traffic will exceed
P2P traffic in 35 yrs
Smart Meters
Wireless Building
Automation systems
with active sensors
Fleet / Asset Tracking

Person to Person
3.3 Billion Subscribers

Hyperconnectivity - Challenge and the Opportunity

LTE Dominant Mobile Broadband Technology

3G

2G
3GPP2
CDMA

CDMA2000
1X

3GPP
UMTS
3GPP
GSM

Rev B

1xEV-DO

1xEV-DO

Rel 0

Rev A

UMB

HSPA

R99

GPRS
/EDGE

1xEV-DO

LTE

Evolved

EDGE
Greenfield Licenses,
New Entrants, Attackers

WiMAX Trials
LTE Demos
2007

IMTIMTAdvanced

OFDM/
MIMO
+
Flat IP
Network

WiMAX

Rollout
Trials

2008

Early Adopters

2009

Rollout

2010

Technology of choice for 2G/3G Operators & attractive for new entrants

RF access based on OFDM-MIMO and flat

What is LTE? New
IP architecture - 3GPP Rel 8 specification

Peak Performance DL

OFDM/OFDMA in the DL

Power Efficient UL

SC-FDMA Lower PAR

Spectral Efficiency (2-5x Rel6)

Resistant to multi-path interference

MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output) Antennas

Longer mobile battery life

Larger cell coverage

Collaborative (Multi-user or Virtual) MIMO

Doubles the throughput

Deployment simplicity

Simplifies mobile implementation

80% capacity gain in uplink

Flat All IP Architecture for Cost Reduction and Performance

Reduce CAPEX and OPEX Costs

Higher Network Performance

PSTN

LTE UE

LTE
AGW

Efficient IP routing - reduce Latency (20 ms e2e RTD)

eNode B
Increasing Throughput (Peak @ 100/50Mbps DL/UL)
Fast state transition time (enhanced Always-on) Less than 50ms transition from dormant to active

Scalable and Compatible with 3G Access Networks

Scalable spectrum allocation (1.4, 3, 5, 10, 15, 20MHz) great for in-band deployment
Mobility with 3GPP & Non-3GPP access smooth network migration to LTE and beyond
Global roaming with other 3GPP networks capture roaming revenue opportunity

IMS
Intranet
s
Intern
et

LTE Drives Significant Value

LTE Attributes

Applications

Higher Capacity

Real Time Mobile

Video

Higher Peak Rate

Video Conference,
PTV and
Mobile Tubing.

Lower Latency

Place-shifting

Spectral Efficiency
Scalable
More efficient real
time traffic
More efficient
broadcast multicast
traffic

Improved
Quality of experience

Lower cost
Real time services

Improved viability of

Digital Locker

Mobile Advertising
Enhanced
delivery

Social Networking
Couple with
FMC
capabilities

New services

Mass Market Mobile Broadband Delivery & Adoption Globally

LTE Industry Momentum

Verizon Selects LTE As 4G Wireless
Broadband Direction, Nov 2007
The companys move toward a 4G
network is driven by our vision of
pervasive wireless Internet connectivity
and mobility,.......we believe LTE is the
best technology with global scale to deliver
on the promise. Dick Lynch, CTO Verizon
Comms.
We expect LTE to form a key part of
Vodafones future technology strategy,
Steve Pusey, Vodafone Global CTO.

Prepares to meet
the Challenge

EV-DO Fuels Data Revenues

63% increase in Data Revenues
Data is 20% of service revenue
and nearly 60% of the growth

Infrastructure
Nortel
Alcatel-Lucent
Motorola
Ericsson
Nokia-Siemens
Device
LG
Samsung
Motorola
Nokia
Sony Ericsson
+ CE Devices

Blueprint for a future wide area

mobile broadband network

GSM Association votes to support LTE, Nov 2007

Rob Conway, CEO of GSMA, announced the association's backing of LTE
during a speech at the GSM Association's Mobile Asia Congress in Macau,
China, and called on the International Telecommunication Union (ITU), the
leading United Nations agency for communication technologies, to ensure
the industry wins the spectrum needed to offer mobile broadband.
GSMA said it will work with other companies and organizations developing
LTE technology, and start working with the NGMN (Next Generation Mobile
Networks) initiative.

LTE SAE trial initiative (LSTI)

Open initiative driven by vendors and operators
Objective
Promote LTE/SAE as NGMN technology
NGMN and 3GPP requirements taken as input to LSTI

Promote industrialization of LTE/SAE

Stimulate development of LTE/SAE ecosystem
Status
Proof of Concept phase ongoing first results available
Interoperability Testing and Field Trial milestones
established for early commercialization

Early Industry alignment of Ecosystem Development & Interoperability

LTE Global Spectrum Considerations

Global bands 2.6 GHz, UHF*
FDD & TDD variability

FDD
Band

Identifier

Frequencies (MHz)

IMT Core Band

1920-1980/2110-2170

II

PCS 1900

1850-1910/1930-1990

Korea
2100 MHz
1800 MHz**
850MHz

III

GSM 1800

1710-1785/1805-1880

IV

AWS (US &

other)

1710-1755/2110-2155

850

824-849/869-894

VI

850 (Japan)

830-840/875-885

VII

IMT Extension

2500-2570/2620-2690

VIII

GSM 900

880-915/925-960

IX

1700 (Japan)

1750-1785/1845-1880

3G AmericasTDD

1710-1770/2110-2170

Band

Identifier

Frequencies (MHz)

TDD 2000

1900-1920 & 20102025

TDD 1900

1850-1910 & 19301990

PCS center gap

(1915) 1910-1930

IMT extension
center gap

2570-2620

Americas
AWS (1.7/2.1 GHz)
700 MHz
850 / 1900 MHz
3GPP: 2300MHz

Brazil
Americas +
Europe freqs.

Europe,
Middle East
& Africa
900 / 1800 MHz
2100 MHz
450 MHz

China & India

900 / 1800 MHz
2100 MHz

Japan
2100 MHz
1700 MHz
850MHz
3GPP:1500MHz

Australia
2100 MHz
850 MHz
900 / 1800 MHz
3GPP: 2300MHz

* Digital dividend band will also be available, timing and amount of spectrum may vary
per country
** Not the same as Europes 1800MHz
3GPP is defining additional FDD bands as shown

LTE will make use of both existing and new spectrum

LTE will be key choice for new spectrum (FDD Initially)

Network Evolution Made Simple

Leveraging Efficient Routing and Low Cost of IP

GSM / UMTS
Control
plane

User
plane

GGSN

Control
plane

User
plane

HA

SGSN

PDSN

RNC

RNC

NodeB
Upto 4 functional entities on

LTE

CDMA

BTS

Control
plane

User
plane

Internet

MME
Serving SAE
Gateway
PDN SAE
Gateway

AGW

G/U/C

eNodeB

LTE
Modules

LTE
C/G/U w
BTS LTE modules

the control and user planes

4 functional entities on the

control and user planes

2 functional entities on the user plane:

eNodeB and Access Gateway (AGW)

Hierarchical Network

Hierarchical Network

Simpler, Flatter Network

All-IP, Simpler, Flatter = Reduced OPEX & CAPEX

Lower Latency = Better Application Experience

Summary
LTE will be ready for Commercial deployment
in late 2009
Many vendors will enable operator transition
to LTE in a progressive, scalable, and cost
effective way protecting investments in
existing technologies
LTE will allow operators to deploy competitive,
revenue generating applications cost
effectively to all subscribers
Many vendors are focused on IMT-Advanced
(4G) deployment options for seamless interand intra-technology mobility and real-time
applications for converging network value

BUSINESS MADE SIMPLE.

Thank you!

John Hindson
jhindson@nortel.com
4G Network Architect -Carrier Networks
Nortel
Feb 21, 2008