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Operating Handbook
6.3.1992 Page I (I)
DB 2
Operating Handbook
Version E0
(DY 60J221)
C33029.20
Contents
3 Installation DB200-0056-SED1
4 Operation DB200-0054-SEE1
DB 2
General Description
C33029.21 D1
Contents
Page
1 2 Mbit/s BRANCHING 3
1.1 DB 2 equipment types 4
1.2 Various operating conditions 9
1.3 Types of branching 13
2 EQUIPMENT FUNCTIONS 16
2.1 Functions of B2 unit 17
2.2 Functions of X2 unit 20
2.3 Protected Branching Equipment DB 2P and DB 2T 23
2.4 Use of channel units in DB 2 equipment 25
2.5 Network synchronization 26
3 OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE 33
3.1 Structure of alarm system 33
3.2 Fault conditions 35
3.3 Actions following fault conditions 36
3.4 Settings 38
3.5 DB 2 Manager 39
3.6 Measurements 41
4 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS 42
4.1 Frame and multiframe structure 42
4.2 VF channels, signalling and data channels 42
4.3 Digital interfaces 42
4.4 Power supply 43
4.5 Dimensions 43
4.6 Environmental specifications 43
5 UNITS AND EQUIPPING 44
1 2 Mbit/s BRANCHING
With the DB 2 system, the costs for transmission and multiplex equipment
in chain and tree-configured transmission systems can be reduced. By
means of the branching equipment, the channels of the 2 Mbit/s system
can be distributed along the chain, i.e. the 30-channel 2 Mbit/s frame
structure can be branched, see figure 1.
MUX DB 2 DB 2 DB 2 MUX
2 Mbit/s 2 Mbit/s 2 Mbit/s 2 Mbit/s
2 Mbit/s 2 Mbit/s
MUX DB 2 MUX
MUX 2 Mbit/s
MUX
DB1265EA2
DB 2B
2 Mbit/s 2 Mbit/s
1 2
2 Mbit/s
DB1236EA2
Channels can be branched from both directions of the main branch withĆ
out limitation. The types of branching are:
The channels" to be branched can be any nx32 kbit/s signals, so that their
locations in the G.704 frame structure are not bound to anything else but
to the halves of the time slots.
The branching is defined via the service bus common to all of the transĆ
mission equipment. This activity is done using a PC provided with a DB 2
Manager software, a DB 2 Manager, or TMC Transmission Management
Computer provided with a service terminal emulator software, or by using
a portable Service Terminal. The same equipment are also used with
other transmission and multiplex equipment manufactured by Nokia.
DB 2P
2 Mbit/s 2 Mbit/s
1 2
2 Mbit/s 2 Mbit/s
3 2 Mbit/s DB1243EA2
DB 2T 2M
2 Mbit/s
1 2M
RX
2 Mbit/s
2M
3 2M
2 Mbit/s
2 2M
TX
2M
DB1244EA4
The switches of the protected equipment duplicate the signal in the Tx diĆ
rection. In the Rx direction, the switch selects the signal with the better
quality.
DIGITAL 2 Mbit/s BRANCHING EQUIPMENT DB 2
General Description
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3.3.1992 Page 7
DB 2
DB1379EA1
DB1380EA1
- DB 2B + channel units
- DB 2P + channel units
- DB 2T + channel units.
DB 2B
2 Mbit/s 2 Mbit/s
CH CH 2M 2M
VF VF 2 Mbit/s
DB1259EB2
Using the equipment of the previous paragraph, different tree and loop-
configured systems (see figure 6) can be constructed which, in addition to
the DB 2 equipment, are built of the following parts:
DM 2 DB 2B DB 2B DB 2B DM 2
CH
CH
... 2 Mbit/s 2 Mbit/s 2 Mbit/s 2 Mbit/s ...
... ...
...... ......
CH CH
2 Mbit/s
2 Mbit/s
DM 2
DM 2
......
CH
......
CH
DB1242EA3
DB 2T DB 2P DB 2P DB 2P DM 2
CH
CH
... 2 Mbit/s ...
... ...
2X2Mbit/s 2X2Mbit/s ...... 2X2Mbit/s
......
CH CH
2 Mbit/s
2 Mbit/s
DM 2
...... DM 2
CH ......
CH DB1245EA#
DB 2B
2 Mbit/s 2 Mbit/s
CH CH CH
... 2M
VF VF VF 2 Mbit/s
CH CH CH ... 2M
2 Mbit/s 2 Mbit/s
DB 2B DB1260EB2
......CH
2 Mbit/s 2 Mbit/s
DB 2
CH ... ...
... DB 2 DB 2 ...
CH
2 Mbit/s DB 2 2 Mbit/s
DB 2 = DB 2B-LP or DB 2B-CD
......
CH DB1246EA2
1 23 1 23
DB 2
1 1
3 3
DB 2 DB 2
DB 2
2 2
DB1247EA2
At the same branch point, any of the types of branching listed below can
be used for different channels.
MUX
MUX
663366
6 3 9
DB1238EA2
Summing is done for the VF signals which have been PCM coded in acĆ
cordance with the A law in digital format with complete accuracy, which
prevents attenuation and propagation delay distortions, for example,
from accumulating.
The bits of the different directions are combined in the digital common
channel using the following principle:
The channel is thus suitable for those multipoint connections in which the
terminal equipment and data interfaces transmit 1-data when in idle
state. The DM 2/DB 2 data interface units meet this requirement, see figĆ
ure 12.
Like VF common channels, there are four types of digital common chanĆ
nels.
DM 2 DB 2B DB 2B DB 2B DM 2
Kn
DM 2 DM 2 DM 2
+
1 2
+
+
3
DB1258EA2
2 EQUIPMENT FUNCTIONS
B2 unit
X2 unit
In the equipment, there is no need for a separate PCB for the power supĆ
ply; each PCB is provided with its own DC/DC converter. The DB 2B reĆ
quires half of a 20 T cartridge.
The battery voltage and rack alarm bus is brought to the cartridge via the
back by a flat cable.
DB 2B
2 Mbit/s 1 B2 2 2 Mbit/s
X2
3
2 Mbit/s
20T 40T
B2 X2 CH CH B2 X2 CH CH CH CH CH CH
DB1261EB2
B2
TS0
Bx 2
PAi
1 DO
V.11
MI uP DI
uP
V.11
V.11 3
MO
2M 2 MHz
Data
- ..
BAT
- +5
.. Meas
G.703
- V
CLK
The cabling of the 2 Mbit/s interface is performed from the front of the
unit. The connector is either a 2x32-pin Euroconnector (120 ohm/75
ohm) or a 75 ohm SMB coaxial connector. In the Euroconnector there are
separate 2x7-pin blocks for both the 2 Mbit/s interfaces which means
that the cabling can be done with separate cables.
Via the MI/MO interface in the B2 unit, the DB 2 equipment can interfaĆ
ce with the Transmission Management System (TMS). The interface
complies electrically with CCITT Recommendation V.11. Also other
telecommunications equipment manufactured by Nokia can be interĆ
faced to the same service bus.
The B2 unit is provided with its own data interface (DI/DO) which uses
the vacant bits B5...B8 of time slot TS0. In this way a data channel that
operates on a sampling principle can be formed. The sampling frequency
is 4, 8, or 16 kHz, depending on the number of bits used. Generally the
600...2400 Bd transmission management data is transferred via the data
channel from one station to another. Bit TS0/B8 (4 kHz, 600 Bd) is comĆ
monly used for this transfer.
The B2 unit contains a 4-way hybrid for the data channel, where three
ports are needed for three different 2 Mbit/s interfaces and one port for
an external data interface. If required, the service interface can also be
picked to the data interface to form a 5-way hybrid.
Both the service interface and the data interface are cabled from the unit
front via a 3x7-pin Euroconnector.
DIGITAL 2 Mbit/s BRANCHING EQUIPMENT DB 2
General Description
I
3.3.1992 Page 20
CM mP Data
..
..
.. Meas
G.703
CLK
BAT
+
-5 V
DMUX G.703
G.704
MUX 2 Mbit/s
RD3 TD3
RS3 TS3
DB1241EA4
The incoming 2 Mbit/s signals from the interface blocks of the B2 and X2
units are aligned before they are written into the buffer. Each transĆ
mission direction has its own buffer. The desired branching connection is
realized by means of the read controls of the buffer. The summings conĆ
cerning the common channels are performed on the defined channels beĆ
fore taking the signal to the 2 Mbit/s interface block.
DIGITAL 2 Mbit/s BRANCHING EQUIPMENT DB 2
General Description
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3.3.1992 Page 21
The tables created with the DB 2 Manager can be saved as such or, when
using the Service Terminal/service terminal emulator (TMC/Manager),
each branching can be saved separately. When the table is saved with the
DB 2 Manager, the branchings are checked when the table is created.
The unit obtains the branching information from the Service Terminal/
service terminal emulator via the service interface of the unit B2 and
further through the internal control bus of the equipment in plain lanĆ
guage", in the same format as the user gave it by the Service Terminal. The
format of the branching information is automatically checked since the
data are given in a menu and only acceptable answers are accepted in
menu sessions. The contents of branching-related menus come from the
unit X2.
The unit can store several (29) encoded branchings. By an activation comĆ
mand, the branching information is first processed to a format that is
identified by the memory of the connection field and then forwarded to
the connection field memory. The connection field memory is able to
hold the eight tables that have been activated last. Changing a table does
not cause disturbances in channels whose branching information is not
changed.
- through-connected channels
- fixed branchings.
In fact, this is a branching type of its own: a protection switch that can be
defined for chosen channels just like the other branching types.
- type of switch
- channels in different directions
- criterion for change-over (definition of pilot channel).
The processor of the X2 unit can monitor any bits in all three 2 Mbit/s
frames. Usually, the pilot channel is a vacant signalling bit of a protected
channel bunch. Example: pilot channel definition D3 TS18 BC refers to
signalling bit c of channel 17 (TS18) of interface 3.
The polarity of the pilot channel is yet to be defined. Usually it is: 0 = OK,
1 = not OK. In the transmit direction, the pilot channel can be reset (set to
state 0). This is done in the connection field of the X2 unit. It is possible
that the pilot channel is received in correct state already in the signal to be
duplicated (e.g. E&M bit c), in which case the signal is connected to the
protected section as such.
The bits of time slot TS0 can also be used as pilot channels. The states of
TS0 bits in the Tx direction are defined in the 2 Mbit/s interface blocks of
the B2 and X2 units.
DIGITAL 2 Mbit/s BRANCHING EQUIPMENT DB 2
General Description
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3.3.1992 Page 23
2 Mbit/s 20T
2 Mbit/s
2 Mbit/s B2 I B2 II 2 Mbit/s
B2 X2 B2 X2
I II 40T
X2 I X2 II
2 Mbit/s B2 X2 B2 X2 CH CH CH CH
I II
DB1286EA3
Change-over criteria:
The faults of the protected equipment concerning the Rx signal have been
classified into four categories (0-3). The equipment compares the fault
categories of the Rx direction and selects the Rx signal with better quality
to the output of the opposite direction.
DIGITAL 2 Mbit/s BRANCHING EQUIPMENT DB 2
General Description
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3.3.1992 Page 24
DB 2B / DB 2T 20T
2 Mbit/s 1 2 2 Mbit/s
B2
B2 X2 CH CH
X2 40T
CH CH
VF Data B2 X2 CH CH CH CH CH CH DB1263EB2
All the channel units are connected in parallel to the bus, and they extract
from the bus the bits belonging to them in those places in the frame that
are defined at installation. The channel unit stores the settings in a nonvoĆ
latile memory (EEPROM).
The 2 Mbit/s interface integrated in the X2 unit cannot be used if channel
units are used in the equipment.
A 40 T cartridge must be used for the DB 2P. The DB 2B and DB 2T can
use 20 T cartridges when two locations for channel units are enough.
Since the DB 2 Branching Equipment uses frame buffers for phasing the 2
Mbit/s signals of the different transmission directions, the clocks of all the
2 Mbit/s equipment in the network must be frequency-locked to each
other. This is called network synchronization. Normally, master-slave
synchronization is used in the DB 2. The equipment at the end of the chain
is selected as a master to which the other equipment are locked, see figure
18a.
DM 2 DB 2 DB 2 DM 2
1 2 1 2
f f
3 3
DM 2 DM 2
DB1248EA2
A station between the terminals of the network can also be selected as the
master. It is also possible to lock the master station clock to an external 2
MHz clock.
When failures occur, the branching chain is divided into sections. In fault
conditions, the 2 MHz clocks of the DB 2 equipment are selected so that
only one clock is in use in each section of the network.
When the 2 Mbit/s coming from the master direction is cut off, the DB 2
automatically takes into use the next clock in priority order. The priority
list has three levels. The possible clock options are directions 1, 2 and 3,
and an external clock. On the last level (fourth level") there is always the
internal clock of the DB 2. The internal clock can also be defined higher in
the hierarchy, in which case the list shortens correspondingly.
Figure 18b shows the clock of direction 1 on the first level and the internal
clock on the second level. When the first direction is cut off, another DB 2
becomes the master station of the network section.
DIGITAL 2 Mbit/s BRANCHING EQUIPMENT DB 2
General Description
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3.3.1992 Page 27
DM 2 DB 2 DB 2 DM 2
1 2 1 2
f
f f
3 3
DM 2 DM 2
DB1264EB1
In a loop network, the following two matters must be taken care of:
When the 2 Mbit/s signal is cut off at some point, the signal must be reĆ
placed by the AIS signal whose clock is taken from the other direction, if it
can be assured that it is not already connected to the loop somewhere else
because of a corresponding fault of the other direction, see figure 19b. In
this way, the network tolerates one fault without losing synchronization.
DIGITAL 2 Mbit/s BRANCHING EQUIPMENT DB 2
General Description
I
3.3.1992 Page 28
Master
MCB, LCB=00
MCB, LCB=00
DB 2
00 00
DB 2 DB 2
00 00
DB 2
00
00
DB 2 = DB 2B-LP
DB1250ED4
Master
MCB, LCB=00
MCB, LCB=00
DB 2
01 01
DB 2 DB 2
00
DB 2
00
01 DB 2 = DB 2B-LP
DB1251EC4
The network control bits MCB (Master Clock Bit) and LCB (Loop Clock
Bit) form an essential part of the loop network synchronization. These
control signals defined by the user (TS0 bits B4-B8) are transmitted
from the equipment selected to act as the master station of the network in
"0"-state, and from the slave stations as determined by the received state
and the fault condition of the network. The "0"-state of the MCB bit
implies that the incoming clock comes from the master station, and the
"0"-state of the LCB bit implies that there are no clock loopbacks
(=breaks) in the Rx direction. In addition to the control bits, the fault
conditions of the received signal control the timing of the slave station
(refer to Functional Description, chapters 2.4 and 2.5).
"Master"
DB 2 DB 2
DB 2
DB1277EB2
In case there are two or more breaks in the network, the sections detached
from the master station clock are synchronized as individual sections,
until the connection to the master station is restored (figure 19c).
In order for the detached section not to get into an unstable state because
of several simultaneous or approximately simultaneous breaks, the netĆ
work must be built so that equipment interface 1 is connected to interface
2 in the far end (figure 19d).
DB 2B-LP DB 2B-LP
1 2 1 2
DB1276EA2
The timing mode for the slave stations of the network is usually unbufĆ
fered, i.e., the clock is connected straight through between the main
branch interfaces (1<->2). Some or all of the slave stations can also be
buffered, in which case timing for all Tx directions is obtained from the
oscillator locked to the input clock of the equipment main branch (figure
19e). In the buffered mode, the possible increase of the delay must be
taken into consideration (refer to Functional Description, chapter 3.2.1
Channel-specific delay).
1 2 1 2 1 2 2 1 2
3 3 3 3
DB1303EA2
Master
DB 2B-CD DB 2B-CD DB 2B-CD DB 2B-CD
2 1 2 1 2 2 1
3 3 3 3
DB1381EA1
Master
3
2 1
DB 2
1 2
3 DB 2 DB 2 3
2 1
DB 2
1 2
DB 2 = DB 2B-CD
3
DB1382EA1
Master
3
2 1
DB 2
1 2
3 DB 2 DB 2 3
2 1
DB 2
1 2
DB 2 = DB 2B-CD
3
DB1383EA1
DM 2
3
Master
2 1
DB 2
1 2
3 DB 2 DB 2 3
2 1
DB 2
1 2
DB 2 = DB 2B-CD
3
DB1384EA1
In a fault condition or when the quality of the primary service of the equipĆ
ment is reduced under an acceptable limit, the equipment is isolated from
traffic and the service of other equipment using this equipment is inĆ
hibited. Isolation of the faulty section and service blocking are realized by
means of alarm S and the AIS signal. In the DB 2, the AIS insertions are
done in each 2 Mbit/s interface block.
The units of the DB 2 equipment are provided with three LED indicators:
red, yellow, and green. The red indicator indicates an equipment fault;
the equipment itself has discovered a malfunction. The yellow indicator
indicates a fault outside the equipment, e.g. the equipment's input signal
is the AIS. The green indicator shows that transmission management acĆ
tions are being performed on the equipment: in the B2 unit the LED indiĆ
cator is lit when a connection has been established to the equipment using
the Service Terminal, in the X2 unit the LED is lit until approx. 10 seconds
have passed from the last activity (performed by the Service Terminal or
service terminal emulator).
In the equipment, the faults are classified as urgent (A), i.e. faults that inĆ
hibit the equipment operation, and as non-urgent (B) faults, in which
case the equipment performance has weakened but its services can still be
used.
The equipment gives information on a fault condition via the alarm interĆ
faces. There are two types of interfaces: the rack alarm interface and the
service interface.
The rack alarms (A, B, D) of the various equipment are transferred from
the equipment to the power supply adapter cartridge via the rack bus.
From there the alarms can be further connected as ground or loop conĆ
tacts.
- A urgent alarm
- B non-urgent alarm
- D reminder of alarm cancelling.
Rack alarms A and B are cancelled via the service interface of the equipĆ
ment; alarm D is obtained as a reminder of the cancelling. Filtering of the
rack alarms is settable within the range 0...15 sec. The filtering removes
short-duration alarms lasting less than 2.5 s.
DIGITAL 2 Mbit/s BRANCHING EQUIPMENT DB 2
General Description
I
3.3.1992 Page 34
Detailed fault data is required for the precise location and determination
of a fault. The data is available through the service interface to which the
centralized Transmission Management System (TMS) or the Service TerĆ
minal can be connected. The service interfaces of the various equipment
are then connected to the service bus where each set of equipment has its
own address. The service bus can be chained from one station to another.
Via the service bus, also measurements can be made and control comĆ
mands given to the equipment. The service interface of the DB 2 equipĆ
ment is at the front connector of the B2 unit.
In the DB 2 equipment, the B2 unit collects all the fault data of the equipĆ
ment using the control bus between the units. The B2 unit processes the
data and transmits it to the:
1 Unit fault
2 Run diagnostic test
3 Test mode
4 Installation error
5 Forced indication
6 Forced control on
7 Incoming 2048 kbit/s missing
8 Incoming 2048 kbit/s AIS
9 Frame alignment lost
10 CRC frame alignment lost
11 Error ratio in frame alignment word 10E-3
12 Error ratio 10E-6 (CRC check)
13 Alarm from far end (B3)
14 Equipment loopback
15 Fault in Tx
16 AIS TS16
17 Multiframe alignment lost
18 Alarm from far-end signalling equipment (B6).
1 Unit fault
2 Forced indication
3 Run diagnostic test
4 Sync. fault in clock recovery
5 Sync. fault
6 Installation error
7 Forced control on
8 Missing unit
The B2 unit also collects fault condition data from any channel units that
may be included in the equipment, and forwards the data via the rack
alarm bus and the service bus.
DIGITAL 2 Mbit/s BRANCHING EQUIPMENT DB 2
General Description
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3.3.1992 Page 36
Unit faults:
B2 unit fault AS AIS AIS AIS
X2 unit fault AS AIS AIS AIS
Test mode AS
Installation error AS
Sync. fault in clock recovery B
Sync. fault A
Missing unit AS
2 Mbit/s alarms:
2M input signal missing AS AIS AIS B3, B6
AIS 2 Mbit/s S AIS AIS B3, B6
Frame align. lost AS AIS AIS B3, B6
CRC frame alignment lost AS AIS AIS B3, B6
Error ratio >10E-3 AS AIS AIS B3, B6
Error ratio >10E-6 B
Far-end alarm B3 S AIS
Equipment loopback AS AIS
Fault in Tx B
The fault conditions of the B2 and X2 units of the DB 2 equipment and the
consequent actions are listed in Table 1:
- Service alarm (S) indicates that the service of the system is no longer
available.
3.4 Settings
The equipment can be controlled either locally using the Service TerĆ
minal or remotely by the Transmission Management Computer, DB 2
Manager or Service Terminal. The setting data is brought via the service
bus. The selection alternatives are presented using menus that are stored
in the DB 2 equipment memory.
The B2 unit also transmits the settings that are directed to other units of
the equipment via the equipment's internal control bus.
3.5 DB 2 Manager
The software provides some features that are not limited to DB 2 equipĆ
ment, but can be used with other equipment as well. The software is able
to scan the service bus addresses and to list, on the screen or paper, the
equipment found. The unit list may be fetched from any DB 2 equipment
in the network.
Unit settings may be read from and saved to any unit. This feature can be
used for back-up purposes or for copying settings from one unit to
another. The software includes also the Service Terminal Emulator,
which enables management of any equipment. Its menu-driven user inĆ
terface is similar to that of the hand-held Service Terminal.
PC
Laser
Printer
Service Network
NE NE NE NE
TS2421EA1
3.6 Measurements
For the most part, Euroconnectors are used as the cabling connectors of
the DB 2 equipment. A measurement cable can be connected to the back
of the cabling connector. Parallel measurements are made by means of
this measurement cable.
The B2 and X2 units (see figures 14 and 15) are additionally provided with
a G.703 compliant measurement point out of which the desired 2 Mbit/s
data or clock signal of the unit in question is obtained (signals of the 2
Mbit/s interface block).
Options for the measurement interface:
- Rx 2 Mbit/s data
- Tx 2 Mbit/s data
- Rx 2 MHz clock
- Tx 2 MHz clock.
Through the service interface, the equipment can be controlled and data
obtained on fault conditions, possible transmission errors, and the results
of the tests performed by the equipment itself. By means of a test program
in the program memory of the B2 and X2 units, operation of the equipĆ
ment units can be tested using different high-speed tests.
- total time
- available time
- errored seconds
- BER > 1E-3 seconds, etc.
The operating voltage of units can be read directly in volts from a menu.
DIGITAL 2 Mbit/s BRANCHING EQUIPMENT DB 2
General Description
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3.3.1992 Page 42
4 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
Basic properties
4.5 Dimensions
Cartridge
Operation class N1
Transportation class K1.
Logic units
2a CC 24001 Branching Unit (B2) 2x2 Mb/s 75/120 ohm 1
2b CC 24002 Branching Unit (B2) 2x2 Mb/s 75 ohm 1
3 CS 24060 Program for B2 unit (DB 2B) 1
4a CC 24010 2 Mbit/s Switching Unit (X2) 75/120 ohm 1
4b CC 24011 2 Mbit/s Switching Unit (X2) 75 ohm 1
5 CS 24061 Program for X2 unit (DB 2B) 1
Installation accessories
6 TX 21470 Cabling connector 3x7 0...5
7 TX 21474 Cabling connector 2x32 0...2
8 TX 21475 SMB connector for RG 179 cable 0...8
DIGITAL 2 Mbit/s BRANCHING EQUIPMENT DB 2
General Description
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3.3.1992 Page 45
Cartridges/subracks
1a CF 24080 Cartridge 20 T DB 2 1
1b CF 24081(.01) Cartridge 40 T DB 2 1
1c CF 24084 Cartridge 20 T DB 2 (EMC) 1
1d CF 24085 Cartridge 40 T DB 2 (EMC) 1
1e CF 24080.09 Cartridge 20 T DB 2, GREY L-91 1
1f CF 24081.09 Cartridge 40 T DB 2, GREY L-91 1
1g CF 24084.09 Cartridge 20 T DB 2, GREY L-91 (EMC) 1
1h CF 24085.09 Cartridge 40 T DB 2, GREY L-91 (EMC) 1
1i TF 21090 Subrack 19" (EMC) 1
1j TF 21090.09 Subrack 19" (EMC), GREY 1
1k TF 21090.10 Subrack 19" 1
1l TF 21090.19 Subrack 19", GREY 1
Logic units
2a CC 24001 Branching unit (B2) 2x2 Mb/s 75/120 ohm 2
2b CC 24002 Branching unit (B2) 2x2 Mb/s 75 ohm 2
3 CS 24060.3 Program for B2 unit (DB 2P) 2
4a CC 24010 2 Mbit/s Switching Unit (X2) 75/120 ohm 2
4b CC 24011 2 Mbit/s Switching Unit (X2) 75 ohm 2
5 CS 24061.3 Program for X2 unit (DB 2P) 2
Installation accessories
6 TX 21470 Cabling connector 3x7 0...7
7 TX 21474 Cabling connector 2x32 0...3
8 TX 21475 SMB connector for RG 179 cable 0...12
DIGITAL 2 Mbit/s BRANCHING EQUIPMENT DB 2
General Description
I
3.3.1992 Page 46
Cartridges/subracks
1a CF 24080 Cartridge 20 T DB 2 1
1b CF 24081(.01) Cartridge 40 T DB 2 1
1c CF 24084 Cartridge 20 T DB 2 (EMC) 1
1d CF 24085 Cartridge 40 T DB 2 (EMC) 1
1e CF 24080.09 Cartridge 20 T DB 2, GREY L-91 1
1f CF 24081.09 Cartridge 40 T DB 2, GREY L-91 1
1g CF 24084.09 Cartridge 20 T DB 2, GREY L-91 (EMC) 1
1h CF 24085.09 Cartridge 40 T DB 2, GREY L-91 (EMC) 1
1i TF 21090 Subrack 19" (EMC) 1
1j TF 21090.09 Subrack 19" (EMC), GREY 1
1k TF 21090.10 Subrack 19" 1
1l TF 21090.19 Subrack 19", GREY 1
Logic units
2a CC 24001 Branching Unit (B2) 2x2 Mb/s 75/120 ohm 1
2b CC 24002 Branching Unit (B2) 2x2 Mb/s 75 ohm 1
3a CS 24060.1 Program for B2 unit (DB 2B-LP) 1
3b CS 24060.05 Program for B2 unit, constant delay
(DB 2B-CD) 1
4a CC 24010 2 Mb/s Switching Unit (X2) 75/120 ohm 1
4b CC 24011 2 Mb/s Switching Unit (X2) 75 ohm 1
5a CS 24061.1 Program for X2 unit (DB 2B-LP) 1
5b CS 24061.05 Program for X2 unit, constant delay
(DB 2B-CD) 1
Installation accessories
6 TX 21470 Cabling connector 3x7 0...5
7 TX 21474 Cabling connector 2x32 0...2
8 TX 21475 SMB connector for RG 179 cable 0...8
DIGITAL 2 Mbit/s BRANCHING EQUIPMENT DB 2
General Description
I
3.3.1992 Page 47
Cartridges/subracks
1a CF 24080 Cartridge 20 T DB 2 1
1b CF 24081(.01) Cartridge 40 T DB 2 1
1c CF 24084 Cartridge 20 T DB 2 (EMC) 1
1d CF 24085 Cartridge 40 T DB 2 (EMC) 1
1e CF 24080.09 Cartridge 20 T DB 2, GREY L-91 1
1f CF 24081.09 Cartridge 40 T DB 2, GREY L-91 1
1g CF 24084.09 Cartridge 20 T DB 2, GREY L-91 (EMC) 1
1h CF 24085.09 Cartridge 40 T DB 2, GREY L-91 (EMC) 1
1i TF 21090 Subrack 19" (EMC) 1
1j TF 21090.09 Subrack 19" (EMC), GREY 1
1k TF 21090.10 Subrack 19" 1
1l TF 21090.19 Subrack 19", GREY 1
Logic units
2a CC 24001 Branching Unit (B2) 2x2 Mb/s 75/120 oh 1
2b CC 24002 Branching Unit (B2) 2x2 Mb/s 75 ohm 1
3 CS 24060.2 Program for B2 unit (DB 2T) 1
4a CC 24010 2 Mb/s Switching Unit (X2) 75/120 ohm 1
4b CC 24011 2 Mb/s Switching Unit (X2) 75 ohm 1
5 CS 24061.2 Program for X2 unit (DB 2T) 1
Installation accessories
6 TX 21470 Cabling connector 3x7 0...5
7 TX 21474 Cabling connector 2x32 0...2
8 TX 21475 SMB connector for RG 179 cable 0...8
6 CUSTOMER DOCUMENTS
I General Description
II Operating Handbook
The descriptions are available in Finnish and in English but the General
Description and the Operating Handbook can also be delivered in other
languages on separate agreement.
2 Mbit/s BRANCHING EQUIPMENT DB 2
Functional Description
II/1
6.3.1992 Page 1
DB 2
Functional Description
Contents
Page
1 DB 2 CHARACTERISTICS 3
1.1 2 Mbit/s Branching Equipment 3
1.2 Construction and transmission management 4
1.3 Frame structure of 2 Mbit/s interfaces 8
1.4 DB 2 connection types 14
1.5 DB 2 equipment types 23
2 EQUIPMENT OPERATION 31
2.1 Blocks and their functions 31
2.2 Interfaces 33
2.3 2M Interfaces (IF) 37
2.4 Network synchronization 38
2.5 Buffering 39
2.6 Connection field 42
2.7 Alarms 43
2.8 Service Interface (MI) 46
2.9 Data Interface (DI) 47
2.10 Loopbacks 48
2.11 Reading and writing of channel signals 49
2.12 Statistics 50
2.13 Power supply and grounding 52
2.14 Bus structure 53
3 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS 55
3.1 Frame and multiframe structure 55
3.2 Channel characteristics in branching 55
3.3 Digital interfaces 58
3.4 Jitter and fading characteristics 63
3.5 Power supply 66
3.6 Mechanical dimensions 66
3.7 Environmental requirements 66 (66)
1 DB 2 CHARACTERISTICS
DB 2 DB 2
2 Mbit/s B2 2 Mbit/s 2 Mbit/s B2 2 Mbit/s
1 2 1 2
X2 X2
3 3
CH CH
2 Mbit/s
1a 1b VF Data 2 Mbit/s
DB1207EB2
MUX DB 2 DB 2 DB 2 MUX
2 Mbit/s 2 Mbit/s 2 Mbit/s 2 Mbit/s
MUX MUX
2 Mbit/s
DB 2
MUX
DB1208EA2
Connection cable
B2 X2 CH CH DB1257EA2
RACK
WALL-MOUNTING SHELF
DM1006EA2
SERVICE SERVICE
TERMINAL INTERFACES
CONNECTED CONNECTED
DIRECT INTO BUS
TO OBJECT
EQUIPMENT B
U
S
DATA CONNECTION
DM1007EB1
MULTIFRAME
1 MULTIFRAME = 16 FRAMES 2 ms
Frame Frame Frame Frame Frame Frame Frame Frame Frame Frame Frame Frame Frame Frame Frame Frame Frame Frame
14 15 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
CRC FRAME MULTIFRAME FAR-END CRC FRAME FAR- DATA BITS SIGNALL- SIGNALL- SIGN AMPLITUDE
BIT ALIGNMENT ALIGNMENT MULTIFRAME BIT ALIGN- END ON ING OF ING OF MSB LSB
WORD WORD ALARM MENT ALARM NATIONAL CHAN 1 CHAN 16
WORD CONNEC-
TIONS
DM0011EA3
The frame length is 125 ms and it comprises 32 time slots, numbered 0...31.
Each time slot contains eight bits. Information related to channels 1...30
is located in time slots 1...15 and 17...31.
Time slot 0 is used for internal data transfer of the system across a 2 Mbit/s
link (frame alignment word, alarms and monitoring data).
Thus, a frame comprises 256 bits and its repetition rate is 8000 times per
second. This results in a bit rate of 2048 kbit/s for a multiplexed signal.
The HDB3 code, seen in the 2 Mbit/s equipment interface, is added to this
signal.
2 Mbit/s BRANCHING EQUIPMENT DB 2
Functional Description
II/1
6.3.1992 Page 9
Table 1 shows the usage of the bits. The frame alignment word 0011011 is
inserted in places of bits 2...8 of time slot TS0 in every other frame.
Frame alignment is also considered lost when time slot TS0 bit B2 has
been erroneous for three times in succession in those received frames that
do not contain the frame alignment word.
- an error-free frame alignment word is received for the first time and
the state of the TS0 bit in the next frame is 1", and
Search for the frame alignment word starts again after two frames and
one bit of the previous alignment if an erroneous bit B2 or an erroneous
frame alignment word is received at the alignment phase.
2 Mbit/s BRANCHING EQUIPMENT DB 2
Functional Description
II/1
6.3.1992 Page 10
Each block (block length 2048 bits) of the transmitted signal is subject to
the Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) complying with CCITT RecomĆ
mendation G.704/706.
Information on the CRC result is transmitted to the far end, where the reĆ
ceiver performs a similar check and compares the result obtained to the
result transmitted. If they are consistent, the block is errorless; if they
differ, the block has at least one error.
The first bit of the frame is used to transmit the CRC data. In data
transfer, a special CRC multiframe structure is used. Table 2 shows the
use of the first eight bits in a frame for the CRC multiframe generation.
8 C1 0 0 1 1 0 1 1
9 1 1 A Sa4 Sa5 Sa6 Sa7 Sa8
10 C2 0 0 1 1 0 1 1
II 11 1 1 A Sa4 Sa5 Sa6 Sa7 Sa8
12 C3 0 0 1 1 0 1 1
13 E1 1 A Sa4 Sa5 Sa6 Sa7 Sa8
14 C4 0 0 1 1 0 1 1
15 E2 1 A Sa4 Sa5 Sa6 Sa7 Sa8
In frames containing the frame alignment word, bit 1 contains CRC bits
C1, C2, C3 and C4. In frames with no frame alignment word, bit 1 contains
a 6-bit CRC multiframe alignment word (001011) and two bits for moniĆ
toring (E-bits). By means of these two bits, information on block errors is
transmitted to the far end.
Supposing that frame alignment has been achieved, CRC alignment has
occurred if at least two CRC multiframe alignment words are detected
within 8 ms when the interval between two CRC multiframe alignment
words is 2 ms or its multiple. The CRC alignment word is sought only in
those TS0 time slots that do not contain the frame alignment word.
When frame alignment has occurred, monitoring of the CRC bits in each
submultiframe is started.
With bit error ratio 10E-3, the probability for an erroneous search
caused by CRC is less than 10E-4 within one second.
Time slot TS16 can be used for both channel-associated and common
channel signalling. When the time slot is used for channel-associated
signalling, it forms a 64 kbit/s bus, which is divided into smaller paths
keeping the multiframe alignment word as a reference point.
B1 B2 B3 B4 B5 B6 B7 B8
F0 0 0 0 0 x y x x
F1 a1 b1 c1 d1 a16 b16 c16 d16
F2 a2 b2 c2 d2 a17 b17 c17 d17
F3 a3 b3 c3 d3 a18 b18 c18 d18
F4 a4 b4 c4 d4 a19 b19 c19 d19
F5 a5 b5 c5 d5 a20 b20 c20 d20
F6 a6 b6 c6 d6 a21 b21 c21 d21
F7 a7 b7 c7 d7 a22 b22 c22 d22
F8 a8 b8 c8 d8 a23 b23 c23 d23
F9 a9 b9 c9 d9 a24 b24 c24 d24
F10 a10 b10 c10 d10 a25 b25 c25 d25
F11 a11 b11 c11 d11 a26 b26 c26 d26
F12 a12 b12 c12 d12 a27 b27 c27 d27
F13 a13 b13 c13 d13 a28 b28 c28 d28
F14 a14 b14 c14 d14 a29 b29 c29 d29
F15 a15 b15 c15 d15 a30 b30 c30 d30
- B1 as above
- B2 permanently 1"
- B3 far-end alarm, 1 = active (CCITT) (3-stage filtering used in
reception)
- B4 can be used as a loop network control bit
(default setting B4=MCB)
or selectable, permanently 1" (CCITT) or 0"
- B5...B8 selectable
- data channel at different transfer rates (4-way hybrid:
interfaces 1, 2, 3 and data interface)
- B8 = 4 kbit/s
- B7+B8 = 8 kbit/s
- B5+B6+B7+B8 =16 kbit/s
- as loop network control bit (default setting B5 = LCB)
- when the bit is not used for data channel or for loop network
control, its state is selectable:
- permanently 1" (CCITT)
- permanently 0".
Branching is defined via the service bus using either a Service Terminal, a
DB 2 Manager or a service terminal emulator (DB 2 Manager/TMC).
In connection with branching, the time slot location in the frame can be
changed between the different interfaces. The connection can be freely
defined by the operator:
- 64 kbit/s time slots and n x 64 kbit/s signal
- half of time slot, 32 kbit/s.
Example:
If the multiframe structure is in use, the abcd bits of the time slots are conĆ
nected in the same way as the corresponding time slots. In the 32 kbit/s
connection, signalling bits are not connected.
Example:
In this table, bits 1 and 4 of time slot TS3 in interface 1 are connected to
bits 5 and 8 of time slot TS5 in interface 3, whereas bits 2 and 3 of TS3 are
connected through the equipment between interfaces 1 and 2. The bit
mask is fed as "1"s and "0"s to the direction to be defined first, while the
latter direction automatically obtains the same. The time slot half (32
kbit/s) of the bits to be connected can be changed (see the example). The
bit mask is always given in 8 characters, and therefore, when dealing with
a half time slot (32 kbit/s), the first four characters are significant.
2 Mbit/s BRANCHING EQUIPMENT DB 2
Functional Description
II/1
6.3.1992 Page 16
0 0 0
0 1 0
1 0 0
1 1 1
The time slot number in the frames of different interfaces does not have
to be the same.
Example:
A common channel can be defined into any 64 kbit/s channel. In this comĆ
mon channel, a PCM code summing complying with the CCITT G.711
A-law is performed to the signals of different transmission directions.
The time slot number in the frames of different interfaces does not have
to be the same.
Example:
The contents of any 32 kbit/s or 64 kbit/s time slot and its signalling bits
can be defined to be transmitted from the 2 Mbit/s interface of the DB 2
equipment (branching types D1, D2 and D3). The definition is made simĆ
ultaneously for the time slots and their signalling bits. The data pattern of
a half time slot (32 kbit/s) is given in 8 characters, of which the equipment
takes into account only the part belonging to the half selected.
The contents can be defined to be any bit pattern, e.g.:
11111111 64 kbit/s AIS
01010101 -0 PCM code
11010101 +0 PCM code
In case the signalling bits are not defined, their states will be 1111.
Example:
D2: 1-7 10000000/abcd = 1101
D3: 11-15 10101010/abcd = 1111
In the example, the pattern 10000000 (B1-B8) has been defined to be
sent to direction 2, the signalling bits are 1101 (a-d). The pattern to be
sent to direction 3 is a fixed bit pattern in time slots 11-15.
The time slot signalling bits are looped back in the same way as the time
slot itself.
Channel-associated loopbacks are applicable e.g. in connection with
testing performed at the commissioning stage. Loopbacks of direction 3
can be used to create loopbacks between the channels of different interfaĆ
ce units. Permanent L-type loopbacks to directions 1 and 2 must not be
used in the DB 2 P equipment.
Example: L2: 2 3
L2: 4 4
The protection switch can be a priority switch (only one pilot channel deĆ
fined) or an equal switch.
1.4.8 Channel biasing for data signal (Program types LP and CD)
Example:
When the above definitions are valid, the B8 of time slot 2 is transmitted
to direction 1 in state "0"; the other bits in the time slot are defined in acĆ
cordance with branching defined separately for them. The signalling bit c
of time slot 3 in direction 3 is set to state "0" as well. The M-type is
usually used together with the Y-type to generate the pilot bit of the loop
network at the transmit station.
2 Mbit/s BRANCHING EQUIPMENT DB 2
Functional Description
II/1
6.3.1992 Page 21
This way standard parts of conditional tables can be combined to save the
limited storage capacity allocated for the branching tables.
230 bytes have been allocated for the branching tables in the nonvolatile
EEPROM memory of the X2 unit. Different branching definitions reĆ
quire 1 to 6 bytes, depending on the type of branching, time slot numberĆ
ing and number of time slots. On an average, one definition line correĆ
sponds to four bytes. The automatic reading and saving of tables when
changing units allows only 55 bytes of branching information to be read
and saved. When it is to made sure that all information is read from the
old unit and saved to the new one, the storage capacity allocated for the
branching tables can be restricted to 113 bytes by selecting with a Service
Terminal (6,4,6). If the required branching definitions exceed this limit,
the tables can be saved to the new unit (together with other settings) using
the Read/Save settings facility provided by the Service Terminal / service
terminal emulator (Manager/TMC). The branching tables can be saved
also into the memory of the DB 2 Manager, from where they can be saved
to the equipment e.g. after the unit has been changed.
2 Mbit/s BRANCHING EQUIPMENT DB 2
Functional Description
II/1
6.3.1992 Page 22
E.g. the L1-type branching restricts the time slot selection of types
C0, C3, S0, S3 and Y3 in direction 3.
B2
X2
IF3
2 Mbit/s
DB1278EA2
There are 60 fault table lines for the channel units in a DB 2P equipment.
B2
X2
VF Data
Rx
2M-bus
Tx
DB1280EA2
DB 2B - LP
DB 2B - LP DB 2B - LP
DB 2B - LP
pilot pilot
DB1279EA1
A loop network (or a mesh network) retains its synchronization if the conĆ
nection to the master station is retained (MCB = 0). If there are several
faults in the network, the sections isolated from the master station are
synchronized independently. When the connection to the master station
is restored, the isolated sections are resynchronized immediately (apĆ
prox. 200 ms/equipment).
If there are no failures in the network and if the quality of the Rx signal is
adequate (fault category < 3, see table 6b), the slave station is synchronĆ
ized to the Rx clock of direction 1.
The effect of the network failures to the channel connections between the
different stations is dependent on the timing mode used on the main
branch of the slave stations, interfaces 1 and 2 (see chapter 2.5 Buffering).
When the Rx signal of the main branch of an unbuffered equipment is
faulty, the data and signalling of all channels are replaced with the AIS
signal in the opposite transmit direction of the main branch. Replacement
of the signal with the AIS in channels coming from direction 3 is cancelled
after approx. 100 ms, and the equipment has achieved synchronization
and looped the main branch clock (automatic buffering) after approx. 200
ms from the appearance of the failure. The fault results also in loss of
frame alignment and alignment to the frame phase of the buffered equipĆ
ment at all slave stations of the network. When the normal state is reĆ
stored in the network, an alignment to the unbuffered frame phase takes
place again.
2 Mbit/s BRANCHING EQUIPMENT DB 2
Functional Description
II/1
6.3.1992 Page 26
When the slave stations are buffered, a failure in the network results in a
change in the synchronization only in that part of the network which is beĆ
tween the faulty section and the interface 1 of the master station equipĆ
ment. When a slave station detects a failure in the Rx signal of direction 1,
the slave station switches to the internal timing mode and sends the loop
network control bits that indicate the fault situation (MCB = 1, LCB = 0)
to the following station. The following stations keep their timing in direcĆ
tion 1, i.e. they are locked to the internal clock of the slave station until the
network control bits have been forwarded to the slave station preceding
the master station (approx. 200 ms/equipment). This station switches its
timing to direction 2 and sends the corresponding network control bit
states (MCB = 0, LCB = 0) back towards the faulty section. As the netĆ
work control bits proceed through the path, the slave stations are synĆ
chronized to the clock of direction 2, and the entire network will have
been resynchronized in approx. (2 x n-1) x 200 ms from the detection of
the failure (n = number of DB 2 equipment between the faulty section
and the master station).
Since a part of the network is synchronized to the slave station clock durĆ
ing synchronization, slips (recurrence or removal of a frame) may occur if
the network is long or if the oscillator frequency of the slave station has
been changed after the factory settings have been given.
When the fault situation is eliminated, the slave stations are synchronized
to the Rx clock of direction 1. Synchronization starts at the equipment
next to the faulty section and proceeds as the network control bits are forĆ
warded. This way the slave stations continuously retain their synchronizĆ
ation to the master station. A failure in a buffered network thus causes
disturbances only in those channels that are routed via the faulty section
and generates possible slips in channels of the resynchronized section.
There will be disturbances (= break lasting for the time of switching
delay) in channels provided with channel-specific protection switches
only if the signal selected by the switch is on the faulty section when the
failure takes place.
2 Mbit/s BRANCHING EQUIPMENT DB 2
Functional Description
II/1
6.3.1992 Page 27
Example
Dir 1 Dir 2 Dir 3
Y3: 4 4 4 RxM
Co1: D1 - TS0 - B5 - P0: +
Co2: D2 - TS0 - B5 - P0: +
2 Mbit/s BRANCHING EQUIPMENT DB 2
Functional Description
II/1
6.3.1992 Page 28
B2 I B2 II
1I 2 II
DMUX MUX DMUX MUX
X2 I X2 II
DMUX
MUX
DYNACARD bus
DB1281EA2
The faults concerning the Rx signal presented in table 6b (see 2.7.1) are
classified into four categories:
1 2 1 2
DMUX DMUX DMUX MUX
3 3
MUX DMUX
DB1282EA1
The switching logic, switching criteria, and switching delays are the same
as in the DB 2P equipment.
2 EQUIPMENT OPERATION
BUS
CONTROL DH J2
P1 MB
FC
BI
OSC
BI
J2 MB
PB1 PB1
J3 IF3 J3
IF1 3
1
J4 J4
CONTROL
SI
J5 J5
J6 IF2
2 DC/ DC/ J6
DC DC
J7
P3 P3
B2 X2
DB1209EA2
IF 2M interface block
The 2M interface:
- equalizes, regenerates and converts the received line signal into digiĆ
tal format and generates the clock frequency for the received data
- synchronizes to the received signal frame alignment word and deĆ
multiplexes data and signalling buses
- monitors the fault conditions of the received signal
- realizes the alarm functions complying with CCITT recommendaĆ
tion
- multiplexes the data and signalling buses coming from the connecĆ
tion field
- generates the Tx signal frame and multiframe, inserts the required
alarm and data bits into the frame
- generates the transmitted line signal
- performs equipment loopback, if required.
2 Mbit/s BRANCHING EQUIPMENT DB 2
Functional Description
II/1
6.3.1992 Page 32
- performs the settings and controls coming via the service interface
and the command bus
- controls equipment operation in fault conditions
- maintains statistics on fault conditions
- gives alarm A by means of an external +5 V auxiliary voltage, if the
equipment operating voltage is disconnected.
SI Synchronization interface
Synchronization signal, to which the master clock of the equipment can be
locked, is brought to the equipment via the synchronization input. The
synchronization output can be used for synchronization of other equipĆ
ment.
MB Measurement interface
The Rx and Tx signals from the 2M interface and the Rx and Tx clock can
be selected to the measurement interface. The B2 has an interface for diĆ
rections 1 and 2. The X2 has an interface for direction 3.
BI Bus interface
The bus interface matches the signals between the unit and the DYNAĆ
CARD bus.
OSC Oscillator
The equipment master clock is generated in the OSC block; the master
clock can be locked to one of the Rx direction clock signals (Rx1-Rx3) or
to the synchronization input clock. It can also oscillate at the frequency set
for it without any external control.
2 Mbit/s BRANCHING EQUIPMENT DB 2
Functional Description
II/1
6.3.1992 Page 33
DH Data hybrid
The data hybrid switch connects/disconnects the service channel and data
channel to/from each other.
2.2 Interfaces
In the units, the connectors related to the operation are located on the
unit front panel (table 4).
CC 24001 P3 Euroconnector
CC 24010 P3 Euroconnector
CC 24002 J3-J6 coaxial connector
CC 24011 J3-J4 coaxial connector
The back connector of the unit is intended for equipment power supply
and for the internal bus interface.
All front panel connectors are of male type. Locations of signals on the
connectors are shown in figures 13a and 13b. Unit cabling is shown in
more detail in section Installation.
2 Mbit/s BRANCHING EQUIPMENT DB 2
Functional Description
II/1
6.3.1992 Page 34
DB1234EB3
When cabling, the sheath of the received line signal can be grounded or
left ungrounded. In addition, the required jumper settings for selecting
the impedance (75/120 ohm) must be performed in the unit. Grounding
leads via the unit ground to equipment ground (cartridge, rack).
Through the power supply interface the unit obtains its central battery
voltage.
In the receive direction, the RLS signal is first regenerated and converted
into digital format before the DEMUX circuit. The DEMUX performs
the HDB3 decoding and locks to the frame and multiframe phases of the
Rx signal, thus generating the synchronization signal RSYN. After the
synchronization, the alarm and control bits are extracted from the Rx
frame. By means of the synchronization signal and the regenerated clock
signal RCLK, data and signalling are divided into two parallel data buses:
RDAT and RSIG.
2M signals in 2M interfaces
Equipment loopback
MUX
TDATn Data
TSIGn Signalling
Transmitted BSYNn Synchronization
2M TLSn BCLKn Clock
interface signal TCDn Data channel
m P interface
Measurement signal MDn
DB1211EA3
Master clock
One of the stations in the loop network is selected as the master station by
selecting Master LP as priority 1, and the actual timing sources (Rx3 CLK,
synchronization input, or internal) as the lower priorities. In addition, the
master station must be set to the buffered timing mode. The other stations
are set to operate as slave stations of the network by selecting Slave LP as
priority 1. In this situation, selection of the master clock is based on the
states of the loop network control bits (MCB and LCB) received in time
slot 0 of directions 1 and 2, as well as on the fault category of the direction
(synchronization allowed when the fault category is < 3). The timing
mode of the slave stations is normally unbuffered.
2.5 Buffering
TSYN1 RSYN2
TCLK1 RCLK2 TSYN3 TCLK3
RSYN3
F RCLK3
FAC1
DB1212EB2
RSYN2
F TSYN3 TCLK3
TSYN1 RCLK2
RSYN3
TCLK1 F RCLK3
FAC1
DB1213EB2
by the network control bit LCB. The main branch of the slave station
(1<->2) is also unbuffered, as are also the main branches of any interĆ
mediate stations that may be used.
The connection field has a separate frame alignment circuit for each
transmit direction. In these circuits the connections defined in the
branching table are performed to the transmitted signal. Figure 17 shows
the connection field block diagram on the signal routes in the connection
point.
Each frame alignment circuit aligns the received signals to the Tx clock
and frame phase and connects the channel coming from the selected Rx
direction to the output, performs a logic AND function to two received
channels, sums at voice frequency two received channels into one transĆ
mitted channel, or loops the channel from Rx direction back to the outĆ
put.
TDAT2
RDAT1 FAC2 TSIG2
RSIG1 TSYN2
RSYN1 SUM TCLK2
RCLK1
&
F
RDAT2
RSIG2
F SUM
RSYN2
RCLK2
TDAT1 TCK
TSIG1 &
TSYN
TSYN1
TCLK1 FAC1 F
SUM
&
FAC3
TDAT3
TSIG3
TSYN3
TCLK3
RDAT3
RSIG3
RSYN3 DB1214EA2
RCLK3
2.7 Alarms
The equipment monitors the functions of both units and gives alarms on
fault conditions occurring in them. It also monitors the received fault
conditions of each 2M interface and activates the required alarms. In
addition, the alarms of any channel units that may be included in the conĆ
figuration are transferred via the B2 unit.
2.7.1 2M faults
The fault display has a separate monitoring block for faults of each 2M
interface.
DB 2 monitoring
block DB 2T
Block no DB 2B(-LP, -CD) DB 2P
Fault
code Fault Fault Rack LED Rx Rx Tx Tx TX
(HEX.) category alarm data sig B3 B6 AIS
Table 6b 2M faults
The 'Fault in Tx' alarm can be selected to be given in a situation, where,
after the connection field, 4 zeros are found in bits a-d in one of channels
1-15 of the outgoing signalling channel. When the alarm selection is acĆ
tive, the bits of the channel concerned are forced into state 0001 before
transmission. The default setting is forced control without any alarm.
Also enabling of signalling state abcd = 0000 on channels 1-15 can be
selected (ADPCM usage).
Equipment reset: unit has been reset (e.g. when switching the
power on)
Fault in installation: wrong unit location (unit address)
Forced indication: forced control of service LEDs set on
Run diagnostic test: indicates a fault on which further informaĆ
tion is obtained by selection 9,7 (B2) or
9,9,2,7 (X2), e.g. table fault
Forced control: a control provided with time-out is set on
Test mode: EPROM or EEPROM test running
Synchronization fault: signal to synchronization output disconĆ
nected due to fault in the source Rx signal
(fault category > 3)
Synchronization fault a synchronization input clock signal which
in clock recovery: is provided with a priority on the synchronĆ
ization list is missing
Missing unit: B2 unit lost connection to X2 unit or to
channel unit
2 Mbit/s BRANCHING EQUIPMENT DB 2
Functional Description
II/1
6.3.1992 Page 46
red There is a serious fault in the unit or the unit is not included in
the equipment configuration.
If the unit operating voltages are disconnected (power failure) the exterĆ
nal auxiliary voltage connected to the unit activates the red service LED.
Via the service interface on the front edge of DB 2 / B2 unit, the processor
is connected to the service bus by means of a serial interface. Via the serĆ
vice bus the equipment can be controlled either locally or remote-conĆ
trolled by means of a Service Terminal, service terminal emulator, DB 2
Manager or Transmission Management Computer. Messages to other
units of the equipment are conveyed by unit B2 via the internal command
bus.
Each equipment connected to the bus has its own address. On the basis of
the address, the equipment identifies the messages directed to it, perĆ
forms the required functions and if required, generates a response messĆ
age.
The service interface can be connected to the data channel via the data
hybrid by giving the data hybrid activation command (6,1,8).
Data hybrid
Figure 18 shows the logic connection of both the service channel and the
data channel. If required, these two channels can be combined, in which
case the service interface output is always active and operates then like
the DI interface.
MI & mP
DH on/off
control
--
DI
TS0 TS0
control control
2M/1 CD1
& CD2 2M/2
B2
CD3 X2
(or n x DIU2M)
TS0
control
2M/3
DB1215EB2
The data hybrid is always switched off when the PIN signal (pin c1) is
grounded at the service interface. This allows the units to be monitored
locally in fault situations with the Service Terminal.
2.10 Loopbacks
2 Mbit/s BRANCHING EQUIPMENT DB 2
Functional Description
II/1
6.3.1992 Page 48
DEMUX Rx
G.703
2M MUX Tx
2M AIS
DB1283EA2
FAC2
RDAT1 TDAT2
F RDAT2
F
TDAT1
FAC1
FAC3
TDAT3
RDAT3 DB1216EA2
The DB 2 equipment provides a possibility to test the channels via the serĆ
vice interface of the main unit. A bit pattern can be written into the transĆ
mitted 2048 kbit/s signal or into a channel time slot of the signal going to
the connection field. Similarly, the current contents can be read from a
2048 kbit/s signal coming from any time slot or from the connection field.
When data is written into a time slot, it replaces the normal signal. ReadĆ
ing a time slot does not disturb the normal operation.
Similar reading and writing facilities are offered for the signalling data by
the DB 2 equipment. It is possible to read the signalling data of a specific
channel either from the received or the transmitted signal by the Service
Terminal. The Service Terminal can also be used for replacing the signal
transmitted by the channel unit by a test signal either in time slot 16 of the
transmitted signal (data conveyed to the far end) or the replacement can
be performed for the signalling information going to the channel unit
(near-end data).
In both cases, the writing facility is provided with a time-out and the writĆ
ing is deactivated when the time defined for the controls has elapsed. The
writing is also stopped when writing to another channel in the same direcĆ
tion is activated or if the unit is reset. Also selections Stop writing and DB
2 to normal state cause the writing to be stopped.
2.12 Statistics
The format of the responses seen on the display is based on the CCITT
Recommendation G.821 concerning signal quality. According to the recĆ
ommendation, the total time (S(tot)) must be divided into availability
time and unavailability time (S(unav)). The availability time is further diĆ
vided into severely errored seconds (S(sev)), errored seconds (S(err))
and degraded minutes (M(degr)) as follows:
Severely errored seconds are seconds in the availability time with an error
ratio worse than 10-3.
Degraded minutes are sequences of 60 seconds with the mean error ratio
worse than 10-6.
Errored seconds
If, in the time of one second, more than 28 erroneous frame alignment
words are detected (BER = 10-3), the second concerned is considered
severely errored. If, in the time of one minute, at least 2 errors are deĆ
tected in the frame alignment word (BER = 1.12 x 10-6) or if at least 123
CRC block errors (BER = 1.00 x 10-6) are found, the minute is conĆ
sidered degraded (if CRC is in use, it is utilized in identifying the deĆ
graded minute).
Statistics display
The menus obtained from the Service Terminal display the statistics conĆ
cerning the availability of the equipment. The statistics are based on comĆ
puting the error ratio:
Ċ total time
Ċ availability time
Ċ errored seconds
Ċ BER > 10-3 seconds
Ċ degraded minutes
Ċ S(unav)/S(tot)
Ċ S(err)/S(ava)
Ċ S(sev)/S(ava)
Ċ M(degr)/M(ava)
The total time and the availability time are indicated in seconds.
S(unav)/S(tot) indicates the ratio of the unavailability time to total time.
S(err)/S(ava) indicates the ratio of errored seconds to the availability
time.
S(sev)/S(ava) indicates the ratio of severely errored seconds to the availĆ
ability time.
M(degr)/M(ava) indicates the ratio of degraded minutes to the availabilĆ
ity time.
2 Mbit/s BRANCHING EQUIPMENT DB 2
Functional Description
II/1
6.3.1992 Page 52
The unit ground is connected via the motherboard to the body of the
equipment cartridge (CF 24080/20T or CF 24081/40T) and from there
further to the rack ground. When it is desired to separate the unit ground
from the rack ground, cartridges CF 24080.8 or CF 24081.8 are used.
The interfaces between the DB 2 equipment and the channel units are
realized by means of a time-division multiplexed bus structure. ConnecĆ
tion of the DB 2 equipment to the bus takes place via unit X2 (see figure
20).
2M 2M
B2
G.703 G.703
CMO
CMI
CMO
Channel CMI
User
unit
interface
1 CMO
VF+SIG CMI
X2
or
DATA
CMO
Channel
unit CMI
Rx bus
Tx bus
N
Control bus
N = 2...30 DB1217EA2
For each channel there are 8 bits in the bus to be used in signalling transfer
(64 kbit/s). Four of these are used for the transfer of signalling bits a, b, c
and d.
The transmit and receive directions have their own buses, Tx bus and Rx
bus. The bus operation is controlled by clock and synchronization signals,
which are identical in Tx and Rx directions.
Unit B2 is the master unit of the bus, whereas unit X2 and the channel
units are slaves. Unit B2 can shift the master status temporarily to some
other unit.
3 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
3.1 Frame and multiframe structure
The frame/multiframe structure complies with CCITT Recommendation
G.704/706.
Basic characteristics
Bit rate 2048 kbit/s ±50 ppm
Sampling rate 8 kHz
PCM coding law CCITT A-law
(VF common channels)
Time slots in a frame 32
Speech & data time slots 30 (31)
Bits in a time slot 8
Frames in a multiframe 16
Signalling bits/speech channel 4
Multiplex principle Time slot interleaving
Delay
Idle channel noise is the sum of the summed basic noises of channels.
Intermodulation
When two digital sine signals which are not in harmonic relation to each
other and whose level is the same varying within the range -4...-21
dBm0 are simultaneously fed into the sum channel, they do not produce
an intermodulation result of type 2f1-f2, the level of which would exceed
-45 dB compared to one input signal level.
2 Mbit/s BRANCHING EQUIPMENT DB 2
Functional Description
II/1
6.3.1992 Page 57
S/N S
ÉÉ
50 ÉÉ
ÉÉ
ÉÉ
ÉÉ
ÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉ
É
40
36 dB
30 ÉÉ
ÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉ
É
É -1 dBm0
É
É
-60 -50 -40 É
-30 -20 -10 0
S
dBm0
DB1256EA1
Figure 21 Mask figure for signal quantization noise ratio of one adder
with sine signals of the same value
2 Mbit/s BRANCHING EQUIPMENT DB 2
Functional Description
II/1
6.3.1992 Page 58
Transmitter characteristics
Receiver parameters
Synchronization output
Synchronization input
ÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉ
ÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉ
ÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉ
ÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉ
269 ns
(244 + 25)
ÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉ
ÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉ
ÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉ
20%
ÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉ
ÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉ
ÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉ
ÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉ
ÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉ
ÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉ
ÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉ
10%
V = 100 %
10%
ÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉ
ÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉ 194 ns
20%
ÉÉÉÉÉ
ÉÉÉÉÉ
ÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉ
ÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉ
ÉÉÉÉÉ
ÉÉÉÉÉ
ÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉ
ÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉ
(244-50)
ÉÉÉÉÉ
ÉÉÉÉÉ
ÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉ
ÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉ
ÉÉÉÉÉ
ÉÉÉÉÉ
ÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉ
ÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉ
ÉÉÉÉÉ
ÉÉÉÉÉ
ÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉ
ÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉ
ÉÉÉÉÉ
ÉÉÉÉÉ
ÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉ
ÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉ
Nominal
pulse
ÉÉÉÉÉÉ
ÉÉÉÉÉ
ÉÉÉÉÉ
ÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉ
ÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉ
50 %
ÉÉÉÉÉÉ
ÉÉÉÉÉ
ÉÉÉÉÉ
ÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉ
ÉÉÉÉÉ
ÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉ
ÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉ
ÉÉÉÉÉ
ÉÉÉÉÉÉ
ÉÉÉÉÉÉ
ÉÉÉÉÉ
ÉÉÉÉÉ
ÉÉÉÉÉ
ÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉ
ÉÉÉÉÉ
244 ns
ÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉ
ÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉ
ÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉ
ÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉ
ÉÉÉÉÉÉ
ÉÉÉÉÉÉ
ÉÉÉÉÉ
ÉÉÉÉÉ
ÉÉÉÉÉ
ÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉ
ÉÉÉÉÉ
219 ns
(244 - 25)
ÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉ
ÉÉÉÉÉ
ÉÉÉÉÉ
ÉÉÉÉÉ
10%
ÉÉÉÉÉ 10%
0%
ÉÉÉÉÉ
ÉÉÉÉÉ
ÉÉÉÉÉ
ÉÉÉÉÉ
10% 10%
ÉÉÉÉÉ
ÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉ ÉÉÉÉÉ
ÉÉÉÉÉÉÉ 20 %
ÉÉÉÉÉ
ÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉ ÉÉÉÉÉ
ÉÉÉÉÉÉÉ
ÉÉÉÉÉ
ÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉ ÉÉÉÉÉ
ÉÉÉÉÉ
ÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉ ÉÉÉÉÉÉÉ
ÉÉÉÉÉ
ÉÉÉÉÉÉÉ 488 ns
(244 + 244) DM0053EA1
ÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉ
T/12 T/12 T/12 T/12 T/12 T/12
ÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉ
ÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉ
+U
ÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉ
ÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉ
ÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉ
ÉÉÉÉÉÉ
+U1
ÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉ
ÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉ
ÉÉÉÉÉÉ
ÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉ
ÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉ
ÉÉÉÉÉÉ
ÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉ
ÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉ
ÉÉÉÉÉÉ
ÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉ
ÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉ
0
ÉÉÉÉÉÉ
ÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉ
ÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉ
ÉÉÉÉÉÉ
ÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉ
ÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉ
ÉÉÉÉÉÉ
ÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉ
ÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉ
ÉÉÉÉÉÉ
ÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉ
ÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉ
ÉÉÉÉÉÉ
-U1
ÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉ
ÉÉÉÉÉÉ
ÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉ
ÉÉÉÉÉÉ
ÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉ
ÉÉÉÉÉÉ
ÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉ
ÉÉÉÉÉÉ
-U2
ÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉ
T/4 T/4 T/4 T/4
Output
Input
The allowed jitter in all 2 Mbit/s input interfaces is shown in figure 24.
A
p-p
ÉÉÉ
ÉÉÉÉ
36.9 UI
ÉÉÉ
ÉÉÉÉ
A0
ÉÉÉÉ
ÉÉÉÉ
ÉÉÉÉÉ
ÉÉÉÉ
A1 1.5 UI
ÉÉÉÉÉ
ÉÉÉÉ
ÉÉÉÉ
ÉÉÉÉ
ÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉ
ÉÉÉÉ
0.2 UI
ÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉ
A2
f
-5
1.2 x 10 Hz 20 Hz 2.4 kHz 18 kHz 100 kHz
DB1255EA1
Figure 24 Lower limit of the jitter and fading tolerance in the 2 Mbit/s
interface
The slip interval is 256/df. Symbol df stands for the frequency difference
of the 2 Mbit/s signals.
2 Mbit/s BRANCHING EQUIPMENT DB 2
Functional Description
II/1
6.3.1992 Page 64
ÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉ
0.5 ÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉ
ÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉ
Jitter
amplification
0
ÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉ
ÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉ
400 Hz
(dB)
ÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉ 20 dB/
ÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉ decade
ÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉ
fo fc = 40 Hz
DM0046EA1
When the unbuffered mode is used in the DB 2, the jitter transfer function
between two interfaces meets the requirement of the mask in figure 26.
When the clock of an output is taken from the own clock of the DB 2, not
locked to an external clock, the output jitter does not exceed the value
0.01 UI measured within the frequency range 20 Hz...100 kHz.
2 Mbit/s BRANCHING EQUIPMENT DB 2
Functional Description
II/1
6.3.1992 Page 65
Amplification
dB
ÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉ
ÉÉÉÉÉÉ
ÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉ
ÉÉÉÉÉÉ 20 dB/decade
1
0
ÉÉÉÉÉÉ
ÉÉÉÉÉÉ
ÉÉÉÉÉÉ
ÉÉÉÉÉÉÉ
ÉÉÉÉÉÉ
ÉÉÉÉÉÉÉ
f
5 Hz 50 kHz
DB1254EA1
The power consumption parameters of the channel units are given in the
description of each unit.
Cartridge
Rack
Height 233 mm
Width 26 mm
Depth 160 mm
Weight 0.3 kg
DB 2
Installation
Contents
Page
1 CARTRIDGE EQUIPPING 3
1 CARTRIDGE EQUIPPING
NOKIA
B2 X2 CH CH
Rack
20 T
cartridge
1 2 3 4
LOCATION UNIT
1 B2 unit
2 X2 unit
3 Channel Unit 1 (B2 unit II / DB 2P)
4 Channel Unit 2 (X2 unit II / DB 2P)
DB1201EA1
Each unit in the cartridge is provided with an address based on unit locaĆ
tion. This address is used when the unit is controlled via the service interĆ
face e.g. by Service Terminal or Transmission Management Computer.
The address of the leftmost unit location is 1, the address of the next unit
location is 2, etc.
The front connectors of the B2 and X2 unit versions are shown in Figures
2 and 3.
2 Mbit/s BRANCHING EQUIPMENT DB 2
Installation
II/2
6.3.1992 Page 5
B2
CC 24001/120 W CC 24001/75 W CC 24002/75 W
P1 a b c
P1
a b c
P1 a b c
SERVICE
IN MIA a7 c7 MOA SERVICE MIA a7 c7 MOA MIA a7 c7 MOA
MIB a6 c6 MOB OUT MIB a6 c6 MOB MIB a6 c6 MOB
DATA DIA a5 c5 DOA DATA DIA a5 c5 DOA DIA a5 c5 DOA
IN DIB a4 c4 DOB OUT DIB a4 c4 DOB DIB a4 c4 DOB
a3 c3 a3 c3 a3 c3
PA1 a2 c2 PA2 PA1 a2 c2 PA2 PA1 a2 c2 PA2
a1 c1 PIN a1 c1 PIN a1 c1 PIN
P3 a c P3 a c
DB1202EA2
X2
CC 24010/120 W CC 24010/75 W CC 24011/75 W
P3 a c P3 a c
DB1203EA1
abc
Service interface, input A MIA a7 c7 MOA Service interface, output A
Service interface, input B MIB a6 c6 MOB Service interface, output B
Data interface, input A DIA a5 c5 DOA Data interface, output A
Data interface, input B DIB a4 c4 DOB Data interface, output B
Programmable alarm output 1 PA1 a2 c2 PA2 Programmable alarm output 2
+5 V test point +5V a1 c1 PIN Programmable alarm input
(1 kohm serial resistance)
b1...7 GND Ground DB1273EA2
INTERFACE CABLE
PIN SYMBOL PAIR COLOUR
a7 MIA blue
a6 MIB 1 white
b7 GND clear
c7 MOA orange
c6 MOB 2 white
b6 GND clear
a5 DIA blue
a4 DIB 1 white
b5 GND clear
c5 DOA orange
c4 DOB 2 white
b4 GND clear
Cabling
INTERFACE/pin CABLE
INTERFACE/pin CABLE
The branching unit (B2) connectors J3, J4, J5 and J6 include the 2048
kbit/s equipment interfaces 1 and 2 of the DB 2B equipment. The switchĆ
ing unit (X2) connectors J3 and J4 include the 2048 kbit/s equipment inĆ
terface 3, and connectors J5 and J6 include the synchronization interface,
see Figures 2 and 3 as well as Tables 6 and 7.
SMB coaxial cable and coaxial connectors are used both in the 2048 kbit/s
equipment interfaces and in the synchronization interface. RecommenĆ
dations on the use of cables and connectors can be found in the Operating
Handbook for TM4 Construction Practice.
The cables are to be marked so that it is later possible to see where they
lead. The markings should specify the equipment and connectors conĆ
cerned. The cabling information, as well as information on the use of
jumper settings, is also recorded on a marking card delivered with the
equipment (figure 5).
Properly filled in, the card also facilitates servicing, testing, and installaĆ
tion at a later stage.
2 Mbit/s BRANCHING EQUIPMENT DB 2
Installation
II/2
6.3.1992 Page 13
DB 2 CC 24001
Unit location:
Equipm. ID:
Address:
MARKING OF THE CABLE MARKING INDICATING
END CONNECTED TO UNIT THE CONNECTION POINT
Cable identification: FOR THE OTHER CABLE END
This end Other end
DB 2/B2
CC 24001
abc
MIR -
MIA 7 MOA
MIT -
MIB
DIA 5
MOB
DOA DIR -
DIB
PA1
3
DOB
PA2
DIT -
1
MEAS
EXAMPLE OF
MARKING
RLS1 -1B02S4xxx 1
B
Rack row
Rack
02 Cartridge location
RLSx a c TLSx TLS1 - S Cartridge shelf (R =
R120 T120
cables from above,
7 S = cables from below
R75 5 T75
into cartridge)
RCOMM 3 TCOMM
1
4 Unit location
RGND TGND xxx Connector for the other
RLS2 - cable end
TLS2 -
DB1266EA2
DB 2
Operation
Contents
Page
1 START-UP OF THE DB 2 3
2 SETTINGS 4
2.1 Identifications and settings 4
2.2 Statistics resetting 7
3 JUMPER SETTINGS: B2 AND X2 UNITS 8
3.1 Information on jumper settings on marking card 8
3.2 Locations of jumper settings on units B2 and X2 10
3.3 Jumper setting alternatives 12
4 EXAMPLES ON BRANCHING TABLE USE 14
4.1 Conditional branching tables 14
4.2 Table combinations 14
5 USE OF VOICE-FREQUENCY COMMON CHANNELS
(TYPE S) 15
1 START-UP OF THE DB 2
1 Placethe B2, X2, and the channel units, if any are used, into a DB 2 equipment cartridge: B2 in location 1
and X2 in location 2 (stabilization time for the equipment approx. 10 seconds).
2 Connect the Service Terminal to the service connector of the B2 unit and establish a connection to the
equipment (connection cables unconnected):
Current object:
OBJ 7 RET Response obtained: AD 4095/DB 2B
9600 bit/s
/EOB/
The green LED is lit to indicate that a connection from the Service Terminal to the equipment has been
established.
(duration
OBJ 6 , 2 , 3 RET approx. 10
sec.)
Response Installing
/EOB/
displayed:
Verify:
TOP 6 , 2 , 0 RET
their validity can be checked by giving the initialization command which resets the EEPROMs of the
equipment and loads the default settings into them from the EPROMs.
TOP 9 , 6 , 99 , 59 RET
Wait approximately for 15 seconds and check the fault display again:
TOP 1 RET
NOTE! Voltage calibrations must be performed after the initialization command has
been given, if the supply voltage measuring
function is to be used.
If the response includes mere alarms (e.g. Rx signal missing), continue by setting the
operation parameters, i.e. proceed to chapter 2, Settings.
2 Mbit/s BRANCHING EQUIPMENT DB 2
Operation
II/3
6.3.1992 Page 4
2 SETTINGS
Equipment ID (4,7,2/DB2xxAB)
Used, when necessary, in network management to identify a set of equipĆ
ment, in addition to the address. The ID is also shown on the Fault DisĆ
play. The identification may be, for example, the equipment type and an
abbreviation related to the route (altogether max. 15 characters).
2 Mbit/s BRANCHING EQUIPMENT DB 2
Operation
II/3
6.3.1992 Page 5
2.1.2 Settings
Address (6,1,2/1)
Each equipment in the bus shall have its own address by means of which it
can be accessed separately. An equipment which is not in the bus does not
need an address, since the connection can be established using address
4095 (OBJ 7) common to all equipment.
If the rack alarms are not to be given in the normal way, e.g. during comĆ
missioning, the alarms can be disabled or urgent alarms A can be replaced
by less urgent alarms B.
An alarm is selected by these settings to activate the outputs PA1 and PA2.
From them, alarm data can be collected with a fault monitoring system.
2 Mbit/s BRANCHING EQUIPMENT DB 2
Operation
II/3
6.3.1992 Page 6
All the units currently belonging to the configuration are installed simulĆ
taneously.
By MUX settings, the Master timing source of the equipment, the signal
to the synchronization output, and the buffer mode of the main branch are
selected (refer to Operation with Service Terminal).
By means of this setting, the user determines the desired channel connecĆ
tions between different interfaces (refer to Operation with Service TerĆ
minal).
2 Mbit/s BRANCHING EQUIPMENT DB 2
Operation
II/3
6.3.1992 Page 7
This setting activates either a branching table defined by the user or one
of the test tables in the equipment.
With this setting, the so-called default settings can be restored to the
equipment. Does not affect the factory settings (e.g. Baud rate, Address,
Data hybrid configuration) or Calibration of voltage measurement. The
default settings differ according to equipment type, refer to Operation
with Service Terminal.
Password (10,4,3/ - )
Signal quality statistics and error counters are reset before commissionĆ
ing:
- Reset statistics (8,1,1/2,1)
- Reset error counters (8,2,1/2/3,5)
- Reset CPU-reset counters (8,3,1 and 8,9,2,3,1).
In this way, it is made sure that the compilation of statistics and error
counting start from the commissioning.
2 Mbit/s BRANCHING EQUIPMENT DB 2
Operation
II/3
6.3.1992 Page 8
DB 2 CC 24001
Unit location:
Equipm. ID:
Address:
Alternatives:
a: DB2 B, DB2 T and DB2 P unit 1
b: DB2 P unit 3
INTERFACES:
a b c
T75 NR2, NR4
R75 NR3, NR5
RGND
Alternatives:
a: 120 ohm symmetric interface
b: 75 ohm asymmetric interface
c: 75 ohm interf. input signal MARKING OF JUMPER SETTINGS
ground connected to frame IN EFFECT/
FACTORY SETTINGS
LOCATIONS OF Supply voltage to unit-interface:
JUMPER SETTINGS
ON PCB CC24001 a
b
NR1 NR8
VN5 VP5
Interface 1 (L):
a b c
Interface 2 (K):
NR4 (L)
a b c
NR5
NR2 (K)
NR3
DB1268EB1
A marking card is delivered with the equipment. One side of the card is
reserved for information on jumper settings (see figure 1) and the other
for cabling information.
The card contains concise instructions for setting the jumpers, a drawing
of the locations of the jumper settings on the PCB and space for marking
the jumper settings in effect. It also shows the factory settings (jumpers) of
the equipment.
Properly filled in, the card also facilitates servicing, testing and installaĆ
tion at a later stage.
2 Mbit/s BRANCHING EQUIPMENT DB 2
Operation
II/3
6.3.1992 Page 10
-5 V +5 V
VN5 VP5
P1 B2
NR1 NR8
Disconnection points
of bus voltages
PB1
J2
Red
Yellow
Green
NR4
NR5
P3 NR2
NR3
T75
R75
RGND
DB1204EA2
Jumper in Jumper out
J2
X2
PB1
Red
Yellow
Green
NR4
NR5
P3 NR2
NR3
T75
R75
RGND
DB1205EA2
Jumper in Jumper out
The sheath of the input cable can be connected to equipment ground and,
additionally, it can be selected in units CC 24001 (B2) and CC 24010 (X2)
whether a 120 ohm balanced interface or a 75 ohm unbalanced interface
is used.
Jumpers
B2: NR3,NR5 NR2,NR4
Alternative X2: NR5 NR4 Impedance Input cable sheath
DB1274EA2
Synchronization interface in X2
The sheath of the input cable can be connected to equipment ground and,
additionally, it can be selected in unit CC 24010 whether a 120 ohm balĆ
anced interface or a 75 ohm unbalanced interface is used:
Jumpers
Alternative X2: NR3 NR2 Impedance Input cable sheath
a Connected to equipment
120 ohms ground
c 75 ohms
Connected to equipment
ground
Disconnected from
d 120 ohms equipment ground
DB1275EA2
The B2 unit gives the supply voltage (+5 V, -5 V) to the bus transmitters
of other units. The voltages can be disconnected by removing jumpers at
NR8 and NR1, but they should be in during normal operation, see figure
2.
Combining is very useful e.g. when conditional branching tables are used.
Example
Table 10:
Dir 1 Dir 2 Dir 3
B2: 17-31 17-31
MF
Table 11:
Dir 1 Dir 2 Dir 3
B0: 1-15 1-15
B2: 17-31 17-31
Prio: 1
(Co1 & Co2) & Co3
Co1: 1/RX 2M
Co2: True
Co3: True
MF
Table 12:
2 Mbit/s BRANCHING EQUIPMENT DB 2
Operation
II/3
6.3.1992 Page 15
In the case described above, the definitions for table 11 are effective, if a
usable 2M signal (fault category <4) is received from direction 1, i.e., if
the condition is in true state. If the condition for table 11 is untrue, table
12, the condition of which is always in true state, but which, on the other
hand, is provided with a lower priority, becomes effective.
17-31 17-31
7.1 Applications
7.2 Use
When the default settings have been given (6,6), the equipment is ready to
operate as a slave station in a loop network with the following settings:
- the timing for direction 3, and also for directions 1 and 2 if automatic
buffering has been set on, depends on the fault conditions of the netĆ
work (Rx1, Rx2 or Internal)
Prio 1: Slave LP
Prio 2: Internal
After the default settings have been selected, the master station of the
network has to be provided with the following settings:
The MCB and LCB bits are transmitted from the master station in state
"0". The "0"-state of the MCB bit implies that the Rx clock of the direcĆ
tion concerned is provided by the master station, and the "0"-state of the
LCB bit implies that there are no clock loopbacks in the direction conĆ
cerned. The states of the loop network control bits in each equipment can
be verified by selection 6,3,2,4.
2 Mbit/s BRANCHING EQUIPMENT DB 2
Operation
II/3
6.3.1992 Page 18
2 B1 1
1 C 2
B2 Master B S0
2 1
A
S0
1 2
DB1386EA1
In the example, no separate pilot bits are required for monitoring the netĆ
work status. Instead, the conditions used can be the state of the far-end
alarm bit (TS0/B3) and loop network control bit LCB (TS0/B5). The LCB
bit proceeds in 0-state from the interface 2 of the master equipment
through the network to the interface 1 of the master equipment if the netĆ
work does not contain faults requiring clock loopbacks (fault category
<3).
2 Mbit/s BRANCHING EQUIPMENT DB 2
Operation
II/3
6.3.1992 Page 21
Table 10:
(permanent definitions)
Table 11:
Dir 1 Dir 2 Dir 3
S0: 1-5 1-5 1-5
Prio1
(Co1 & Co2) & Co3
Co1: D1 - TS0 - B3 - P0:
Co2: D2 - TS0 - B3 - P0:
Co3: True
MF
Table 12:
Dir 1 Dir 2 Dir 3
B1: 1-5 1-5
Prio2
(Co1 & Co2) & Co3
Co1: D1 - TS0 - B3 - P0:
Co2: True
Co3: True
MF
Table 13:
Dir 1 Dir 2 Dir 3
B2: 1-5 1-5
Prio3
Always true
MF
Table 10:
(permanent definitions)
Table 11:
Dir 1 Dir 2 Dir 3
B1: 1-5 1-5
Prio1
(Co1 + Co2) & Co3
Co1: D1 - TS0 - B5 - P0:
Co2: D2 - TS0 - B3 - P1:
Co3: True
MF
2 Mbit/s BRANCHING EQUIPMENT DB 2
Operation
II/3
6.3.1992 Page 22
Table 12:
Dir 1 Dir 2 Dir 3
S0: 1-5 1-5 1-5
Prio2
(Co1 & Co2) & Co3
Co1: D1 - TS0 - B3 - P0:
Co2: D2 - TS0 - B3 - P0:
Co3: True
MF
Table 13:
Dir 1 Dir 2 Dir 3
B2: 1-5 1-5
Prio3
Always true
MF
Table 10:
(permanent definitions)
Table 11:
Dir 1 Dir 2 Dir 3
B2: 1-5 1-5
Prio1
(Co1 + Co2) & Co3
Co1: D1 - TS0 - B3 - P1:
Co2: D1 - TS0 - B5 - P0:
Co3: True
MF
Table 12:
Dir 1 Dir 2 Dir 3
S0: 1-5 1-5 1-5
Prio2
(Co1 & Co2) & Co3
Co1: D1 - TS0 - B3 - P0:
Co2: D2 - TS0 - B3 - P0:
Co3: True
MF
Table 13:
Dir 1 Dir 2 Dir 3
B1: 1-5 1-5
Prio3
Always true
MF
2 Mbit/s BRANCHING EQUIPMENT DB 2
Operation
II/3
6.3.1992 Page 23
2 1
S0
C
1 2
S0 Master B B2
2 A 1
1 B1 2
DB1387EA1
Master
2 1
1 2
TS0/B4 = 0 TS0/B4 = 0
TS0/B5 = 0 TS0/B5 = 0
3 loop 1 3
2 1
1 1 2 1
3
TS0/B4 = 0
loop 2 TS0/B5 = 0
2 2
1 2 loop 3
TS0/B4 = 0 3
TS0/B5 = 0
1 2
DB1388EA1
DB 2
Contents
Page
1 SERVICE MENUS 3
2 GENERAL 19
4 DB 2 EQUIPMENT MENUS 22
4.1 Fault display 22
4.2 Local alarm cancel 23
4.3 Reset local cancel 23
4.4 Identifications 24
4.5 Controls (temporary) 29
4.6 Settings (permanent) 37
4.7 Measurements 75
4.8 Statistics 76
4.9 Testing 79
4.10 User privileges 84 (85)
1 SERVICE MENUS
1
DB 2 (OK)
MAIN LEVEL MENU 2
Done
TOP 3 Done
Identifications:
1 Equipment type SEE:
Select Operation: 2 Equipment ID
1 Fault display 3 User manual
4 4 Interface IDs
2 Local alarm cancel Page 4
5 HW-unit ID
3 Reset local cancel 6 Program ID
4 Identifications 7 Modify IDs
5 Controls (temporary) 9 Unit identifications
6 Settings (permanent)
7 Measurements Controls (temporary):
8 Statistics 0 Display
9 Testing 1 DB 2 to normal state
10 User privileges 2 Interface control Pages
5 3 Signal to MEAS-output
11 Miscellaneous 4 Forced indications 5-6
5 Forced alarm outputs
6 Read/Write TS
7 Read/Write SIG
8 Forced switching
9 Unit controls
Settings:
1 Service options
2 Equipment installation Pages
6 3 MUX-settings 7-14
4 Branching tables
5 2M interfaces
6 DB 2 to NOKIA defaults
7 Switching setting
8 Read/Save settings
9 Unit settings
7 Measurements: Page 15
1 Supply voltages
9 Unit measurements
Statistics:
8 1 2M signal quality Page 16
2 2M error counters
3 CPU reset counter
9 Unit statistics
Testings:
4 A/D-test
9 5 Memory tests
6 Memory operations Page 17
7 RUNTEST
9 Unit testing
User privileges:
10 1 Password for privileges Page 18
2 PIN for privileges
3 Cancel privileges
4 Setting parameters
11
* not yet implemented Miscellaneous*
2 Mbit/s BRANCHING EQUIPMENT DB 2
Operation with Service Terminal
II/4
6.3.1992 Page 4
4
Identifications:
1 Equipment type
2 Equipment ID
3 User manual
4 Interface IDs
5 HW-unit ID
6 Program ID
7 Modify IDs
9 Unit identifications
4,7,4,d,1(or 3) 1, 3
Give ID string:
1-15 characters
4,7,5 4,7,5,1
HW-unit ID: 1 CC 24001
0 Display 2 CC 24002
1 Modify
4,7,5,1,1(or 2) 1, 2
Give .-version:
0-99
4,7,5,1,1(or 2),0-99
Give version:
3 characters
4,9 X2 4,9,2 4,9,2,7
Select unit: X2 identifications: HW-unit ID:
2 X2 3 User manual 0 Display
3... uP-units 5 HW-unit ID 1 Modify
6 Program ID 4,9,2,7,1
The menu is given 7 Modify HW-ID
by the chosen unit 0 CC 24010
1 CC 24011
4,9,2,7,1,0(or 1) 0, 1
Give .-version:
0-99
4,9,2,7,1,0(or 1),0-99
Give version:
3 characters
2 Mbit/s BRANCHING EQUIPMENT DB 2
Operation with Service Terminal
II/4
6.3.1992 Page 5
Forced switching:
0 Display
1 Normal
2 Forced IF 1
3 Forced IF 2
4 Toggle IF
d
5,8 2) 1...4 5,8,d
Select Tx dir: Forced switching:
11 I 0 Display
22 I 1 Normal
3 1 II 2 Forced IF I
4 2 II 3 Forced IF II
4 Toggle IF
5,9 X2 5,9,2
Select unit: X2 Controls:
2 X2 0 Display
3... uP-units 1 X2 to normal state
The menu is given 4 Forced indications
by the chosen unit
5,9,2,4
Forced indications:
0 Display
1 Normal indic.
2 Forced red indic.
1) only in program version T 3 Forced yellow indic.
2) only in program version P 4 Forced no indic.
2 Mbit/s BRANCHING EQUIPMENT DB 2
Operation with Service Terminal
II/4
6.3.1992 Page 6
1)
5,7 d 1...3 5,7,d 5,7,d,1 5,7,d,1,1 1-30
Select direction: Sig data R/W: 2M interface: Ch number?
1, 2 or 3 1 2M interface 1 Read 1...30
2 X interface 2 Write 5,7,d,1,2 1-30
3 Stop writing
Ch number?
1...30
5,7,d,1,2,1-30
Bits value?
abcd
0101 e.g.
SETTINGS:
6 6,2 1, 2 6,2,1-2
Settings: Equipment installation: Give unit number:
1 Service options 0 Display 1 ... 20
2 Equipment installation 1 Add unit to bus
3 MUX-settings 2 Remove unit from bus
4 Branching tables 3 Install all
5 2M interfaces 4 Display TS allocation
6 DB 2 to NOKIA defaults
7 Switching settings 6,6 6,6,121
8 Read/Save B2 settings Are you sure?
9 Unit settings Done
121 Yes
6,7 1) and 6,7 2) 6,7,1
Switching settings: Done
0 Display
1 Set defaults 6,7,2
2 Change delay Change delay nx50 ms:
3 Priority n:1...40
0 Display
6,7,3 *
Priority:
0 Display
1 Equal
2 IF 1 higher
3 IF 2 higher
6,7,3 **
Priority:
0 Display
6,8 1 Equal
2 IF I higher
Read/Save: 3 IF II higher
0 Display ID 4 Equal, 1 -> DB 2T
1 Read settings 5 Equal, 2 -> DB 2T
2,<data> Save settings 6 Equal, 1&2 -> DB 2T
6,9 X2 6,9,2
Select unit: X2 settings:
2 X2 0 Display
3... uP-units 6 NOKIA defaults
7 Timeout for controls
8 Read/Save
6,9,2,6
Are you sure?
121 Yes
6,9,2,6,121
Done
6,9,2,7
Timeout for controls:
0 Display
1...65000 min
6,9,2,8
Read/Save:
1) only in program version T 0 Display ID
2) only in program version P 1 Read settings
2,<data> Save settings
2 Mbit/s BRANCHING EQUIPMENT DB 2
Operation with Service Terminal
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6.3.1992 Page 9
6,3,3,2
Fault masking:
0 Display
1 In use
2 *Not used
6,3,4 6,3,4,5 2)
* default setting
1) only in program versions LP and CD
2) only in program version CD
2 Mbit/s BRANCHING EQUIPMENT DB 2
Operation with Service Terminal
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6,4,2 6,4,1,t,7,1-3
Activate table: Give condition:
0 Display as D-TS-B-P
1,..,29 EEPROM table D = 1-3 Rx dir.
32,..,39 Fixed table TS= 00-31 Rx TS
B = 1-8 for TS-bit or
6,4,4 A-D for MF-bit
P = 1/0 true pol.
Delete table: (or 0 = true)
1,..,29 EEPROM table
99 Delete all tables 6,4,1,t,7,4
6,4,5 Give relations of conditions:
1 Always True
Delay Nx100 ms: 2 (Co1&Co2)&Co3
N = 1,..,200 (0?) 3 (Co1+Co2)&Co3
4 (Co1+Co2)+Co3
6,4,6
6,4,1,t,7,5
Table copying: Give priority:
0 Display 1-8; 1 highest
1 230 (55 B copied)
2 113 (113 B copied) 6,4,1,t,8
TS16 use:
1) only in program version T 0 Display
2) only in versions LP and CD 1 MF
3) only in program version BP 2 Data
2 Mbit/s BRANCHING EQUIPMENT DB 2
Operation with Service Terminal
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Give databits:
12345678-abcd
11110000-1101
10101010
SETTINGS: 2M interface
6 6,5,d,1 6,5,d,1,121
Settings: Are yoy sure? Done
1 Service options 121 Yes
2 Equipment installation 6,5,d,3,1 1)
3 MUX-settings Data channel:
4 Branching tables 6,5,d,2 0 Display
5 2M interfaces CRC: 1 Not in use
6 DB 2 to NOKIA defaults 0 Display 2 Sampl. rate 4 kHz
7 Switching settings 1 *In use 3 *Sampl. rate 8 kHz
8 Read/Save B2 settings 2 Not in use 4 Sampl. rate 16 kHz
9 Unit settings
6,5,d,3 6,5,d,3,1
6,5 d 1...3 TS0 bits usage: Data channel:
0 Display 0 Display
Select direction 1, 2 or 3 1 Data channel 1 Not in use
2 *Fixed 1 2 Sampl. rate 4 kHZ
6,5,d 3 Fixed 0 3 Sampl. rate 8 kHz
4 MCB, Master Clk. Bit 1) 4 *Sample rate 16 kHz
2M/d settings:
0 Display 5 LCB, Loop Clk. Bit 1)
6,5,d,3,2-5
1 Set NOKIA defaults
2 Use of CRC Select bit:
3 Use of TS0 bits 4...8
4 Fault consequences 6,5,d,4 6,5,d,4,1
5 SWAIS
6 Use of 2M interf. Fault consequences: Error rate >1E-3
7 Use of MF 1 Error rate >1E-3 0 Display
8 BER-6 Alarm 2 Far-end alarm 1 *A+S+AIS+FEA
9 Signal of MEAS-output 3 AIS alarm 2 A alarm
10 TS16/MF bits 4 Fault in Tx 3 B alarm
4 No alarm
6,5,d,5
6,5,d,4,2
SWAIS:
0 Display FEA consequences:
1 *Enabled 0 Display
2 Disabled 1 *S alarm
2 B+S alarm
6,5,d,6 3 A+S alarm
Use of 2M: 6,5,d,4,3
0 Display
1 *Used AIS-alarm consequences:
2 Not used 0 Display
1 *S alarm
6,5,d,8 2 B+S alarm
BER-6 Alarm: 6,5,d,4,4
0 Display
1-254 sec. count time Fault in Tx:
255* disable alarm 0 Display
1 B-alarm
6,5,d,9 2 *No alarm
MEAS-output: 3 Not used
0 Display
1 *Tx 2M data
2 Rx 2M data
3 Tx 2M CLK
4 Rx 2M CLK
6,5,d,10 6,5,d,10,1-2
* default setting MF/F0 bits: Select bit:
1) only in program versions LP 0 Display 5, 7 or 8
1*Fixed 1
and CD 2 Fixed 0
2 Mbit/s BRANCHING EQUIPMENT DB 2
Operation with Service Terminal
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MEASUREMENTS
7 7,1 7,1,1-2
Measurements: Voltage measurements: Supply voltage 5 V:
1 Supply voltages 1 Supply voltage +5 V 1 Display voltage (float)
9 Unit measurements 2 Supply voltage -5 V 2 Calibration
7,1,1-2,2
Give measured
supply voltage in mV
(without sign)
7,9 X2 7,9,2
Select unit: X2 measurements:
2 X2 1 Supply voltages
3... uP-units
7,9,2,1
Voltage measurements:
1 Supply voltage +5 V
2 Supply voltage -5 V
7,9,2,1,1-2
Supply voltage 5 V:
1 Display voltage (float)
2 Calibration
7,9,2,1,1-2,2
Give measured
supply voltage in mV
(without sign)
2 Mbit/s BRANCHING EQUIPMENT DB 2
Operation with Service Terminal
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6.3.1992 Page 16
STATISTICS
8,3
CPU reset counter:
0 Display
1 Reset
8,9 X2 8,9,2
Select unit: X2 statistics:
2 X2 3 CPU reset counter
3... uP-units
TESTING
9 9,5
Testing: Memory test:
4 A/D-test 1 RAM
2 EPROM
5 Memory test
6 Memory operations
7 RUNTEST
9 Unit testing 9,6 9,6,1 or 3
Memory operations: Give memory address:
1 Read byte 0...65535
2 Write byte in RAM
3 Read 8 bytes 9,6,2
4 Write byte in EEPROM
Give memory addr.:
0...65535
Give byte value:
0...255
9,6,4
Give EEPROM offset:
0...511
Give byte value:
0 ... 255
9,9 X2
The menu managing Select unit:
testing is given 2 X2
by the chosen unit 3... uP-units
9,9,2 9,9,2,5
X2 testing: Memory test:
4 A/D test 1 RAM
5 Memory test 2 EPROM
6 Memory operations
7 RUNTEST 9,9,2,6
Memory operations:
1 Read byte
2 Write byte in RAM
3 Read 8 bytes
4 Write byte in EEPROM
9,9,2,6,1 or 3
Give memory address:
0...65535
9,9,2,6,2
Give memory addr.:
0...65535
Give byte value:
0...255
9,9,2,6,4
Give EEPROM offset:
0...511
Give byte value:
0 ... 255
2 Mbit/s BRANCHING EQUIPMENT DB 2
Operation with Service Terminal
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6.3.1992 Page 18
USER PRIVILEGES
10 10,1
10,4 10,4,1
Setting parameters: Timeout:
1 Timeout 0 Display
2 Protections 1...1000 min
3 Password
10,4,2
Protections:
0 Display
1 No protection
2 Password required
3 Local PIN required
10,4,3
Give password:
1...7 char
2 Mbit/s BRANCHING EQUIPMENT DB 2
Operation with Service Terminal
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6.3.1992 Page 19
2 GENERAL
The DB 2 branching equipment is controlled by the Service Terminal, the
use of which is described in the Operating Handbook of Service Terminal
TC 21700. By means of the Service Terminal, the basic settings of the
equipment can be performed and stored into the nonvolatile storage (reĆ
places jumper settings), maintenance-related measures, e.g. loopbacks,
can be taken, and e.g. identifications, statistics, etc. can be read from the
equipment.
OFF ON
Select function:
1 Fault display
2 Local alarm cancel
3 Reset local cancel
F1 F2 F3 F4
HELP >...
D E F
4 5 6 INV
A B C
DEL
1 2 3
EXP . # AUTO
- 0 , RET
TS2105EA2
The Service Terminal functions are menu-based. The menu levels can be
byĆpassed if the operator knows the required command sequences. The
<,> key is used as the command parameter separator. For example, if
<5,2,1,3> is given from the main level, the outgoing 2048 kbit/s signal of
the DB 2 interface 1 is looped back to the equipment, that is, equipment
loopback is performed on the interface 1.
2 Mbit/s BRANCHING EQUIPMENT DB 2
Operation with Service Terminal
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6.3.1992 Page 20
Select operation:
1 Fault display
2 Local alarm cancel
3 Reset local cancel
4 Identifications
5 Controls (temporary)
6 Settings (permanent)
7 Measurements
8 Statistics
9 Testing
10 User privileges
11 Miscellaneous*
1 Fault display
The fault display indicates the fault situation of the equipment. The fault
data indicates:
4 Identifications
2 Mbit/s BRANCHING EQUIPMENT DB 2
Operation with Service Terminal
II/4
6.3.1992 Page 21
Under this item, the equipment identifying data, such as equipment type,
the name given and the type and version of the program used, can be read.
Some of the identifications can be changed by the operator.
5 Controls (temporary)
Under this item, the controls are given that temporarily change the operĆ
ating mode of the equipment. Such controls are e.g. interface loopbacks.
6 Settings (permanent)
Settings determine the operating mode of the equipment. They are reĆ
tained in the equipment storage also during a power outage.
7 Measurements
Under this item, various measurements made by the equipment itself are
performed (without external measuring instruments).
8 Statistics
9 Testing
10 User privileges
The protective facilities of the equipment are under this item. Some of the
functions of the equipment (e.g. Settings) can be protected by providing
the program with a password that must be known if the protected funcĆ
tions are to be changed.
11 Miscellaneous
This item covers the functions unsuitable for other classification (not yet
in use).
2 Mbit/s BRANCHING EQUIPMENT DB 2
Operation with Service Terminal
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6.3.1992 Page 22
4 DB 2 EQUIPMENT MENUS
The DB 2 equipment is controlled via the service interface of the branchĆ
ing unit (B2). The B2 unit offers the menus related with the common secĆ
tion of the equipment, and via the menus offered by it the operator can
select the target unit for the measures taken.
The switching unit (X2) and each channel unit offer the menus required
for its control. In the menus following the main level, option number 9 is
reserved for unit selection.
The B2 unit collects the fault data from the other units into a common
fault storage. In the initialization stage, the B2 unit collects from each unit
the fault related data: the faults existing in the unit, their effect on the
alarm outputs, the fault code related with each fault, how the fault is indiĆ
cated (colour of indicator) and name of the monitoring block. The B2 unit
generates a response to the fault inquiry. The response to the fault inquiry
includes the following data:
Example:
The equipment has been provided with name DB 2B ABC and alarms A and
S are active in the equipment. The fault indications come from the equipment
interface 1 monitoring block (unit 1), the fault being loss of frame alignment,
and from the equipment interface 3 monitoring block (unit 2), the fault being
the missing incoming 2048 kbit/s signal. The B2 unit contains three monitorĆ
ing blocks: B2 (0) and equipment interfaces 1 (1) and 2 (2). The X2 unit has
two monitoring blocks: X2 (4) and equipment interface 3 (3).
2 Mbit/s BRANCHING EQUIPMENT DB 2
Operation with Service Terminal
II/4
6.3.1992 Page 23
Faults of block B2
- Equipment reset
- Run diagnostic test
- Test mode
- Installation error
- Forced indication
- Forced control on
Faults of block X2
- Equipment reset
- Forced indication
- Run diagnostic test
- Sync. fault in clock recovery
- Sync. fault
- Installation error
- Forced control on
- Missing unit
- Incoming 2M missing
- AIS 2M
- Frame alignment lost
- CRC frame alignment lost
- Error ratio >1E-3
- Error ratio >1E-6
- Alarm from far end
- Equipment loopback
- Fault in Tx
- AIS TS16
- Multiframe alignment lost
- Alarm from far-end signalling equipment
4.4 Identifications
Identifications:
1 Equipment type
2 Equipment ID
3 User manual
4 Interface IDs
5 HW-unit ID
6 Program ID
7 Modify IDs
9 Unit identifications
In the menu, options 1...6 give the equipment identifications that can be
changed via option 7. The X2 unit and channel unit identifications can be
accessed via option 9.
4,2 Equipment ID
DB 2B HEL 91
DB200-0055-SEE
2 Mbit/s BRANCHING EQUIPMENT DB 2
Operation with Service Terminal
II/4
6.3.1992 Page 25
4,5 HW-unit ID
Unit type designation and version symbol. Set at factory, but the operator
can change it e.g. in connection with repair. Response example:
CC 24001 04A
4,6 Program ID
CS 24060 06A
Modify IDs:
2 Equipment ID
4 Interface IDs
5 HW-unit ID
Equipment ID:
0 Display
1 Modify
2 Mbit/s BRANCHING EQUIPMENT DB 2
Operation with Service Terminal
II/4
6.3.1992 Page 26
Give ID string:
1-15 characters
Select direction:
1, 2 or 3
When the direction has been selected, the following menu is displayed:
Interface IDs:
0 Display own
1 Modify own
2 Display conn.
3 Modify conn.
Options 0 and 2 display the designation, options 1 and 3 display the folĆ
lowing text:
Give ID string:
1-15 characters
HW-unit ID:
0 Display
1 Modify
Option 0 displays the type designation and version, and option 1 displays
the menu:
1 CC 24001
2 CC 24002
After the type designation has been selected, the version symbol and
.-version are given.
2 Mbit/s BRANCHING EQUIPMENT DB 2
Operation with Service Terminal
II/4
6.3.1992 Page 27
Under this option, the identifications of the X2 unit or a channel unit can
be selected as the object.
4,9,2 X2 Identifications
X2 Identifications:
3 User manual
5 HW-unit ID
6 Program ID
7 Modify HW-ID
DB200-0055-SEE
4,9,2,5 HW-unit ID
CC 24010 04A
4,9,2,6 Program ID
CS 24061 06A
2 Mbit/s BRANCHING EQUIPMENT DB 2
Operation with Service Terminal
II/4
6.3.1992 Page 28
HW-unit ID:
0 Display
1 Modify
Option 0 displays the type designation and version, and option 1 displays
the following menu:
0 CC 24010
1 CC 24011
After the type designation has been selected, the version symbol and
.-version are given.
2 Mbit/s BRANCHING EQUIPMENT DB 2
Operation with Service Terminal
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6.3.1992 Page 29
4.5 Controls
Controls (temporary):
0 Display
1 DB 2 to normal state
2 Interface controls
3 Signal to MEAS-output
4 Forced indications
5 Forced alarm outputs
6 Read/Write TS
7 Read/Write SIG
8 Forced switching
9 Unit controls
The controls, with the exception of option Signal to MEAS output, are
provided with a time-out. A B-alarm is usually on and the yellow service
LED is lit when the controls are active.
5,0 Display
This option displays all active controls of the B2 unit. Response example:
Active controls:
2M1 Loop to eq.
Select direction:
1, 2 or 3
2 Mbit/s BRANCHING EQUIPMENT DB 2
Operation with Service Terminal
II/4
6.3.1992 Page 30
When the direction has been selected, the following menu is displayed:
Interface controls:
0 Display
1 To normal state
3 Loop to equipment
Select direction:
1, 2 or 3
MEAS-output:
0 Display
1 Tx 2M data
2 Rx 2M data
3 Tx 2M CLK
4 Rx 2M CLK
The received 2048 kbit/s signal is connected to the MEAS interface by opĆ
tion 2.
2 Mbit/s BRANCHING EQUIPMENT DB 2
Operation with Service Terminal
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6.3.1992 Page 31
The clock generated from the received signal is connected to the MEAS
interface by option 4.
Forced indications:
0 Display
1 Normal indic.
2 Forced red indic.
3 Forced yellow indic.
4 Forced no indic.
Option 0 (5,4,0) displays the forced indication selected for the B2 unit.
Option 1 (5,4,1) cancels the forced controls of indicators. The indications
are determined by fault situations.
Option 2 (5,4,2) blinks the red service LED, activates alarm B and proĆ
vides fault data of forced fault indication.
Option 3 (5,4,3) blinks the yellow service LED, activates alarm B and proĆ
vides fault data of forced indication.
Option 4 (5,4,4) sets the indicators off (however, the green service LED is
lit if the equipment is connected to the Service Terminal), activates alarm
B and provides fault data of forced indication.
Option 1 (5,5,1) cancels the forced controls. The states of the outputs are
determined by the fault situation.
2 Mbit/s BRANCHING EQUIPMENT DB 2
Operation with Service Terminal
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6.3.1992 Page 32
Option 2 (5,5,2-6,2) forces the alarm output into alarm state and actiĆ
vates the B-alarm and the yellow service LED.
Option 3 (5,5,2-6,3) forces the active alarm output out of alarm state and
activates the B-alarm and the yellow service LED.
Under this option it is possible to read and write time slot data in both 2M
interface and X interface direction.
Select direction:
1, 2 or 3
TS data R/W:
1 2M interface
2 X interface
3 Stop writing
Option 1 (5,6,d,1) makes it possible to read time slot data entering from
direction d and write a fixed bit pattern into the time slot leaving for direcĆ
tion d.
Option 2 (5,6,d,2) directs the corresponding functions to the X-interface
of direction d.
2M interface:
1 Read
2 Write
After option 1 (5,6,d,1/2,1) the time slot (1...31), whose current contents
are to be read, is entered. The contents are displayed in binary format.
After option 2 the time slot number and the bit pattern to be written are
entered in the form 11001010 (B1-B8, 8 characters, 1 or 0).
The functions under this option are the same as the ones under the previĆ
ous option (5,6), except that channel numbers 1...30 are dealt with instead
of time slots and the bit pattern is of the form 1011 (4 characters) when the
write option is selected.
Under this option, it is possible to display and change the position of the
switch. After each option, the current position of the switch is displayed in
graphic form (i.e., whether the incoming signal selected to be sent to inĆ
terface 3 is coming from interface 1 or 2), and the forced control status if
such control is used.
Forced switching:
0 Display
1 Normal
2 Forced IF 1
3 Forced IF 2
4 Toggle IF
Option 0 (5,8,0) displays the position of the switch and the selected forced
control (options 2 and 3).
Option 1 (5,8,1) restores the switch to normal state, i.e., cancels the opĆ
tions 2 and 3.
Option 2 (5,8,2) forces the signal from direction 1; position of the switch
and the message of forced control are displayed.
2 Mbit/s BRANCHING EQUIPMENT DB 2
Operation with Service Terminal
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Select Tx dir:
11 I
22 I
31 II
42 II
Forced switching:
0 Display
1 Normal
2 Forced IF I
3 Forced IF II
4 Toggle IF
Option 0 (5,8,d,0) displays the position of the switch and the selected
forced control (options 2 and 3).
Option 1 (5,8,d,1) restores the switch to normal state, i.e., cancels the opĆ
tions 2 and 3.
Option 4 (5,8,d,4) changes the position of the switch; the new position is
also displayed. If the switch has been forced, the active forced control is
cancelled.
2 Mbit/s BRANCHING EQUIPMENT DB 2
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Select unit:
2 X2
3... uP-units
5,9,2 X2 Controls
X2 Controls:
0 Display
1 X2 to normal state
4 Forced indications
5,9,2,0 Display
This option displays all active controls performed on the X2 unit. ReĆ
sponse example:
Active controls:
2M Loop to eq.
Normal
Forced indications:
0 Display
1 Normal indic.
2 Forced red indic.
3 Forced yellow indic.
4 Forced no indic.
Settings determine the operating mode of the equipment. They are mainĆ
tained also during a power outage. The settings can be accessed by selectĆ
ing item 6 from the main menu whereby the following menu is obtained:
Settings:
1 Service options
2 Equipment installation
3 MUX-settings
4 Branching tables
5 2M interfaces
6 DB 2 to NOKIA defaults
7 Switching settings
8 Read/Save B2 settings
9 Unit settings
Service options:
1 Baud rate
2 Address
3 Rack alarm functions
4 Rack alarm delay
5 PA1 function
6 PA2 function
7 Control timeout
8 Data Hybrid configuration
9 B2 II addressable
9 Data channel protection
2 Mbit/s BRANCHING EQUIPMENT DB 2
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The baud rate of the traffic between the Service Terminal and the equipĆ
ment is set to the suitable value (factory setting 9600).
Baud rate:
0 Display
75...9600
Option 0 (6,1,1,0) displays the selected baud rate. The baud rate (bit/s) is
selected in the given range. Response example:
9600
6,1,2 Address
Address:
0 Display
1 Modify
By selecting option 1 (6,1,2,1), the menu for the address selection is obĆ
tained:
Address:
0...4095
2 Mbit/s BRANCHING EQUIPMENT DB 2
Operation with Service Terminal
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Under this option, the operating mode for rack alarms is selected:
Option 0 (6,1,3,0) displays the rack alarm mode that is currently active.
Response example:
Normal
Option 2 (6,1,3,2) is used when rack alarms are to be totally disabled, e.g.
during installation.
With this option, the time constant for rack alarm filtering is selected. The
rack alarm becomes active when the alarm situation has continued for the
time set. The rack alarm is cancelled when the normal state has continued
for the time set to the alarm in question.
In a changing alarm situation, the time counter is accumulated always
during an alarm. When the alarm is off, the counter reading is retained. If
the normal state continues for the time defined by the time constant, the
counter is reset and time counting is restarted. Thus, the alarm becomes
active when the alarm situation has lasted, continuously or not, for the
time set.
Option 0 (6,1,4,0) displays the duration of the rack alarm delay set, reĆ
sponse example: 3 seconds.
2 Mbit/s BRANCHING EQUIPMENT DB 2
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By selecting option 1 (6,1,4,1) the text for selecting the rack alarm delay is
displayed:
Delay: 0...15 s
The alarm or fault that activates the programmable alarm output PA1 is
selected here. The output is also active whenever the power supply of the
B2 unit fails.
PA1 function:
0 Display
1A
2B
3D
4S
5A&S
6A+B
7A+B+S
8 X2
9 X2 + CH
The alarm or fault that activates the programmable alarm output PA2 is
selected here. Operation of the output is similar to that of the PA1, with
the exception that the PA2 is not activated by a failure in the operation of
the B2 unit power supply.
PA2 function:
0 Display
1A
2B
3D
4S
5A&S
6A+B
7A+B+S
8 X2
9 X2 + CH
With this option, the length of time for the controls to remain active is seĆ
lected. Default setting 10 minutes.
Control timeout:
0 Display
1...65000 min.
Option 0 (6,1,7,0) displays the time-out selected for the controls. Other
selections within the allowable range set the time-out (minutes).
By means of the data hybrid it is possible to combine the data of the serĆ
vice interface and data channels of the DB 2 equipment.
B2 II addressable:
0 Display
1 ON
2 OFF
Equipment installation:
0 Display
1 Add unit to bus
2 Remove unit from bus
3 Install all
4 Display TS allocation
The red service LED is lit in units that have been inserted in the equipĆ
ment cartridge but have not been installed.
By options 1 and 2, units can be added to or removed from the bus one by
one.
Option 4 (6,2,4) displays which time slot of the internal bus is allocated to
which unit.
6,3 MUX-settings
MUX-settings:
0 Display
1 Set NOKIA defaults
2 Network timing
3 Synchr. output
4 Buffers
2 Mbit/s BRANCHING EQUIPMENT DB 2
Operation with Service Terminal
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Those default settings included in option 6,6 that concern the MUX setĆ
tings can be set by Set NOKIA defaults. After the option has been seĆ
lected, the program displays a menu prompting for confirmation:
Network timing:
0 Display
1-3 Priority 1-3 timing
By option 0 (6,3,2,0) the selected timing sources and the timing source
currently in use are displayed.
By options 1-3, that correspond to priorities 1-3, the user can set prioĆ
rities for the timing sources. After the selection, a menu will be displayed:
Priority i timing:
0 Display
1 *Rx1 2M CLK
2 Rx2 2M CLK
3 Rx3 2M CLK
4 Sync. input
5 Internal timing
Network timing:
0 Display
1-3 Priority 1-3 timing
4 Display MCB and LCB:s
By option 0 (6,3,2,0), the timing sources selected and the timing source
currently in use are displayed.
Option 4 (6,3,2,4) displays the states of both the incoming and the outgoĆ
ing MCB and LCB bits.
With options 1-3, a priority (1-3) can be set for the different timing
sources. The following menu is displayed after the selection:
Priority i timing:
0 Display
7*Slave LP
8 Master LP
1 Rx1 2M CLK
2 Rx2 2M CLK
3 Rx3 2M CLK
4 Sync. input (X2)
5 Internal timing
At the master station of the loop network, priority 1 is set for the Master
LP (6,3,2,1,8), and the actual timing sources are given the lower priorities.
At the slave stations, priority 1 is given to the Slave LP (6,3,2,1,7).
2 Mbit/s BRANCHING EQUIPMENT DB 2
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Option 1 (6,3,2,p,1) sets a priority for the clock coming from direction 1,
option 2 (6,3,2,p,2) for the clock coming from direction 2, and option 3
(6,3,2,p,3) for the clock of direction 3.
A priority is set for the clock brought to the synchronization input (on the
X2 unit) by selecting option 4 (6,3,2,p,4).
The internal oscillator locks to the Master timing source which is autoĆ
matically the clock with the highest priority in operation.
Synchr. output:
1 Select CLK
2 Fault masking
2 Mbit/s BRANCHING EQUIPMENT DB 2
Operation with Service Terminal
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The signal to the synchronization output of the X2 unit is selected via this
menu:
Synchr. output:
0 Display
1 Rx1 2M CLK
2 Rx2 2M CLK
3 Rx3 2M CLK
4 *Master CLK
Options 1-3 connect the Rx clock of the direction (1-3) to the output.
Option 4 (6,3,3,1,4) connects the master clock, i.e. the internal oscillator
output, to the synchronization output.
Fault masking:
0 Display
1 In use
2 *Not used
6,3,4 Buffers
Under this option, the main branch (1<-->2) timing mode (frame bufĆ
fering/unbuffered) is selected. Direction 3 (1<-->3 and 2<-->3) is
always buffered in other than the DB 2B-CD equipment.
Frame buffers:
0 Display
1 1<--->2 No buffer
2 1<--->2 Buffer
3 2 --->1 Buffer
4 1 --->2 Buffer
5 Special connections
Option 0 (6,3,4,0) displays the main branch timing mode and, in the DB
2B-CD equipment, also the timing mode of direction 3.
Option 1 (6,3,4,1) controls the main branch into unbuffered timing mode,
i.e. the clock and the frame phase are connected directly through between
interfaces 1 and 2.
Option 2 (6,3,4,2) sets on the frame buffer on the main branch, i.e. the
signal is sent from the interfaces in phase with master timing.
Option 3 (6,3,4,3) sets on the frame buffer on the main branch only in diĆ
rection 2-->1.
Option 4 (6,3,4,4) sets on the frame buffer on the main branch only in diĆ
rection 1-->2.
Special connections:
1 To normal state
2 1 --->3 No buffer
3 2 --->3 No buffer
4 1/2 --->3 No buffer
5 3 --->1&2 No buffer
6 3<--->1&2 No buffer
TS16 use:
0 Display
1*MF
2 Data
Branching tables:
0 Display
1 Edit
2 Activate
3 List
4 Delete
5 Switching delay
6 Table copying
2 Mbit/s BRANCHING EQUIPMENT DB 2
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Display table:
0 Active table
1,...,29 EEPROM table
32,...,39 FIXED table
99 Free space on EEPROM
If the selected table is active when it is displayed, the text (active) appears
above the table.
1: (active)
Dir 1 Dir 2 Dir 3 (line-no)
B1: 1-15 1-15 (1)
B2: 1-15 17-31 (2)
The connections defined by table 1 are thus: time slots 1-15 of direction 1
are branched into direction 3 as time slots 1-15 and time slots 1-15 of
direction 2 are branched into direction 3 as time slots 17-31.
Edit table:
1,..., 29 EEPROM table
Edit table:
0 Display table
1 Add one line
2 Display one line
3 Delete one line
4 Check table
5 Activate table
6 Table name
7 Conditions
8 TS16 use
By option 3,l (6,4,1,t,3,l), the definition line l of table t is deleted from the
storage.
Option 6 (6,4,1,t,6) displays the menu where the name of table t can be
displayed or modified.
After selection of option 7 (6,4,1,t,7), conditions can be set for the table
activation.
Select type:
1 Bn Branching
2 Cn Digital sum
3 Sn Speech sum
4 Dn Fixed data
5 Ln Loops
6 Yn Cond. branch
7 Mn Masked data
8 Tn Cond. branch.
Select:
0 B0: 1 <---> 2
1 B1: 1 <---> 3
2 B2: 2 <---> 3
When simultaneously defining several separate time slots, enter the time
slots in form i.j.k (6,4,1,t,1,bt,btf,i.j.k). The maximum number of time
slots i.j.k (i-k = 1...31) is five.
Table 5:
Dir 1 Dir 2 Dir 3
Y3: 1-5 11-15 1-5
Co1: D1 - TS1 - Bc - P0:
Co2: D2 - TS11 - Bc - P0:
After the selection, a menu will be displayed and the line number (1,
2...) may be entered:
Display line n:
1,2,...
Delete line n:
1,2,...
If a line in the middle of a table is deleted, the following line numbers will
be decreased by one.
By this option, the possible overlapping time slot definitions in the table
will be checked.
Table name:
0 Display
1 Modify
2 Delete
After option 1 (6,4,1,t,6,1) the program displays the menu for entering the
name:
Give ASCII-name:
max 15 chars
With this option, conditions can be set for the validity of alternative tables
or parts of tables.
Table conditions:
0 Display
1,2,3 Give cond. 1, 2, 3
4 Relations of cond:s
5 Priority
6 Set conditionality
7 Remove conditionality
Give condition:
as D-TS-B-P
D= 1-3 Rx dir
TS = 00-31 Rx TS
B= 1-8 for TS-bit
A-D for MF-bit
P= 1/0, true pol.
(or 0 = true)
2 Mbit/s BRANCHING EQUIPMENT DB 2
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When the mere direction number (D) is given, the condition will be a usĆ
able 2M signal (fault category <4) from the direction concerned. The facĆ
tory setting for the undefined part conditions is true state (TRUE). The
defined part condition is restored to true state by option 0.
By option 4 (6,4,1,t,7,4) the part conditions Co1-Co3 can be combined as
a logic AND/OR function, the true state of which enables the activation of
the table.
TS16 use:
0 Display
1 MF
2 Data
Activate table:
0 Display
1,...,29 EEPROM-table
32,...,39 Fixed table
Option t (6,4,2,t) accepts table t into use or, if the table t is conditional, the
selected table is the one with the highest priority and which is in true state.
The tables defined into the storage are listed by this option. The list presĆ
ents the table number and the name that may be defined for the table.
If the table concerned is conditional, the mark after the number is a semiĆ
colon (;), otherwise a colon (:).
Delete table:
1,...,29 EEPROM-table
99 Delete all tables
Option t (6,4,4,t) deletes the definitions related to table t from the EEĆ
PROM storage.
The switching delay of conditional tables can be set in 100 ms steps under
this option. The total delay is 500 ms + the value set.
This option sets the number of bytes available for user-defined branchĆ
ing tables in the EEPROM memory. It defines also the number of branchĆ
ing table bytes to be copied into the new unit, when the X2 unit is reĆ
placed.
Table copying:
0 Display
1 230 (55 B copied)
2 113 (113 B copied)
Option 1 (6,4,6,1) reserves 230 bytes in the EEPROM memory for the
branching tables, but only 55 bytes can be copied into the new X2 unit.
The active table is copied first, and after that the other tables in the same
order in which they were stored into the memory, until the space of 55
bytes is used up. Incomplete or erroneous copying activates the Table
Fault alarm. Option 1 is the factory setting.
Option 2 (6,4,6,2) reduces the memory space available to 113 bytes, but
on the other hand it enables a complete copying of the branching tables
into the new X2 unit.
Option 2 is not allowed, if the user has defined more than 113 bytes. One
definition line of a branching table takes 4 bytes, on the average. Thus, in
most of the cases, the total space of 113 bytes is adequate.
2 Mbit/s BRANCHING EQUIPMENT DB 2
Operation with Service Terminal
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6,5 2M interfaces
2M/d settings:
0 Display
1 Set NOKIA defaults
2 Use of CRC
3 Use of TSO bits
4 Fault consequences
5 SWAIS
6 Use of 2M interf.
7 Use of MF
8 BER-6 Alarm
9 Signal of MEAS-output
10 TS16/F0 bits
Option 6,5,d,1,121 sets the NOKIA defaults for interface d. The default
settings are marked with an asterisk in the menus. The listed default setĆ
tings are the following:
TS0-bits:
Fault consequences:
Others:
CRC: in use.
2M interface: in use
BER-6 alarm: not in use
Signal to MEAS output: Tx 2M data.
TS 16/F0 bits: B5, B7 and B8 permanent '1'.
CRC:
0 Display
1 * In use
2 Not in use
Data Channel:
0 Display
1 Not in use
2 Sampl. rate 4 kHz
3 *Sampl. rate 8 kHz
4 *Sample rate 16 kHz
By options 2-4 (6,5,d,3,1,2-4), the sampling rate for the data channel is
set. If the sampling rate is chosen to be 4 kHz, the data channel allocates
TS0/B8 for its use. In the case of 8 kHz, bits B7&B8 will be allocated (deĆ
fault setting for DB 2B-LP and DB 2B-CD equipment) and when the
sampling rate is 16 kHz, bits B5-B8 (default setting for DB 2B, DB 2T
and DB 2P equipment) are allocated for the data channel.
Select bit:
4...8
Option 2,b (6,5,d,3,2,b) is used for selecting '1' as the permanent state of
bit Bb (b = 4...8) at the 2M interface, if the bit b has not already been alloĆ
cated for data cannel usage.
Option 3,b (6,5,d,3,3,b) is used for selecting '0' as the permanent state of
bit b if the bit b has not already been allocated for data channel usage.
Fault consequences:
1 Error rate >1E-3
2 Far-end alarm
3 AIS alarm
4 Fault in Tx
Option 3 (6,5,d,4,1,3) differs from the previous one in that the fault only
activates alarm B.
When option 4 (6,5,d,4,1,4) has been selected, an error rate 1E-3 causes
no corollary alarms. The error rate alarm is not displayed even on the
equipment fault display.
2 Mbit/s BRANCHING EQUIPMENT DB 2
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FEA consequences:
0 Display
1 *S alarm
2 B+S alarm
3 A+S alarm
With option 1 (6,5,d,4,2,1) a default setting is made. With the default setĆ
ting in use, the alarm received from the far end causes alarm S, which
means that the services of the equipment are not available due to a fault
detected in the far end.
AIS-alarm consequences:
0 Display
1 *S alarm
2 B+S alarm
Option 0 (6,5,d,4,3,0) displays the fault consequence set for the AIS sigĆ
nal.
6,5,d,4,4 Fault in Tx
The consequences for a situation where all signalling bits of one of the
channels 1-15 in the Tx direction d are zeros (abcd = 0000) are defined
here.
Fault in Tx:
0 Display
1 B-alarm
2*No alarm
3 Not used
When option 2 (6,5,d,4,4,2) has been selected, the signalling of the chanĆ
nel is replaced by 0001 but no alarm is generated.
6,5,d,5 SWAIS
SWAIS:
0 Display
1 * Enabled
2 Disabled
When option 2 (6,5,d,5,2) is active, the Rx signal faults that require the
signalling to be replaced by the AIS are seen immediately at the channel
outputs.
2 Mbit/s BRANCHING EQUIPMENT DB 2
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6,5,d,6 Use of 2M
The option defines whether the 2M interface is in use or not (=sends the
AIS to the interface and channels).
Use of 2M:
0 Display
1 * Used
2 Not used
Under this option, the monitoring of BER-6 alarm is set on/off and the
count time of the alarm is set.
BER-6 Alarm:
0 Display
1-254 sec. count time
255 *disable alarm
MEAS.-output:
0 Display
1 *Tx 2M data
2 Rx 2M data
3 Tx 2M CLK
4 Rx 2M CLK
MF/F0 bits:
0 Display
1 *Fixed 1
2 Fixed 0
Select bit:
5, 7 or 8
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When the option is selected, the program displays a menu prompting for
confirmation:
DB 2B:
By Set NOKIA defaults, the DB 2 equipment is set to operate as a typical
branching equipment which consists of a B2 unit and a X2 unit. The B2
unit is in location 1 in the cartridge, and the X2 unit in location 2. The deĆ
fault settings are:
1. Master timing is generated from direction 1 clock.
4. CRC is in use.
13. In interfaces 1 and 2 the following TS0 bits have been defined as the
loop network control bits: MCB = B4 and LCB = B5.
DB 2T:
DB 2P:
Switching settings:
0 Display
1 Set defaults
2 Change delay
3 Priority
Option 0 (6,7,0) displays the switching delay of the equipment and the
priority status.
Option 1 (6,7,1) sets the interface priorities to equal.
When option 2 (6,7,2) is selected, the following menu is displayed:
Any selection in the allowed range sets the switching delay (default setĆ
ting 50 ms), and option 0 displays it.
When option 3 (6,7,3) is selected, the following menu is displayed:
Priority:
0 Display
1 *Equal
2 IF 1 higher
3 IF 2 higher
Option 2 (6,7,3,2) sets the priority of interface 1 higher. The signal from
input interface 1 is selected always when its quality is as good or better
than that of interface 2 input signal.
These settings define the delay before switching the input interface in a
fault situation. The priorities for interfaces in situations where both sigĆ
nals coming to the equipment are usable are also selected here.
Switching settings:
0 Display
1 Set defaults
2 Change delay
3 Priority
Option 0 (6,7,0) displays the switching delay and the priority status of the
equipment.
Option 1 (6,7,1) sets the priorities of the equipment to equal.
When option 2 (6,7,2) is selected, the following menu is displayed:
Any selection in the allowed range sets the switching delay (default setĆ
ting 50 ms), and option 0 displays it.
When option 3 (6,7,3) is selected, the following menu is displayed:
Priority:
0 Display
1 *Equal
2 IIF I higher
3 IF II higher
4 Equal, 1 -> DB 2T
5 Equal, 2 -> DB 2T
6 Equal 1&2 -> DB 2T
Option 1 (6,7,3,1) sets the priorities of the equipment halves equal. The
switching takes place only if the quality of the Rx signal from the selected
equipment half is worse.
2 Mbit/s BRANCHING EQUIPMENT DB 2
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Read/Save:
0 Display ID
1 Read settings
2,<data> Save settings
In short, copying from one unit to another is performed by reading the setĆ
tings from unit A by option 1, after which connection to the equipment B
is established, and option 2,* (*= DATA key) or TOP 6,8,2,* is selected.
2 Mbit/s BRANCHING EQUIPMENT DB 2
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Under this option, the object for the setting can be selected to be the X2
unit of the DB equipment or one of the channel units that may be included
in the equipment configuration.
By option 9 (6,9), the menu for unit option is obtained from the main
menu of settings:
Select unit:
2 X2
3... uP units
When unit settings are made, the target unit is selected and as a response,
the menu on the settings of that unit is obtained.
6,9,2 X2-settings
X2-settings:
0 Display
6 NOKIA defaults
7 Timeout for controls
8 Read/Save
With option 6 (6,9,2,6), the default settings can be set to the X2 unit.
With option 8 (6,9,2,8), the X2 unit settings can be read and saved.
When the option is selected, the program displays a menu for confirmaĆ
tion:
Under this option, a time is selected for the controls to remain in effect.
Default setting is 10 min.
Option 0 (6,9,2,7,0) displays the time-out selected for the controls of the
X2 unit. Other options within the allowable range set the time-out (minĆ
utes).
Read/Save:
0 Display ID
1 Read settings
2,<data> Save settings
The effects of the options are the same as under menu branch 6,8, but the
target is now the X2 unit.
2 Mbit/s BRANCHING EQUIPMENT DB 2
Operation with Service Terminal
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4.7 Measurements
Measurements:
1 Supply voltages
9 Unit measurements
Voltage measurements:
1 Supply voltage +5 V
2 Supply voltage -5 V
When the option has been selected, it is possible to read the value of the
supply voltage in question and to calibrate the measurement system to the
value measured. Sample display following option 1 (7,1,1):
Supply voltage +5 V:
1 Display voltage (float)
2 Calibration
Select unit:
2 X2
3... uP-units
7,9,2 X2 measurements
X2 measurements:
1 Supply voltages
The functions under this option are the same as those under option 7,1
but the object is now the X2 unit.
4.8 Statistics
This item includes statistics and error counters maintained by the equipĆ
ment itself.
Statistics:
1 2M signal quality
2 2M error counters
3 CPU counters
9 Unit statistics
Select direction:
1 or 2
2M signal quality:
1 Reset statistics
2 TT, AT, ES, SES, DM
3 Total time
4 Available time
5 Err. secs.
6 Severely err. secs.
7 Degraded minutes
8 S (unav) /S (tot)
9 S (err) / S (ava)
10 S (sev) / S (ava)
11 M (degr) / M (ava)
2 Mbit/s BRANCHING EQUIPMENT DB 2
Operation with Service Terminal
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6.3.1992 Page 77
Option 1 (8,1,d,1) resets the counters and starts the counting again.
Option 2 (8,1,d,2) is an NMS response showing the floating point paraĆ
meter values of the statistics counters. These parameters can be used
when computing statistics with the Network Management System (NMS).
The given values are: total time, availability time, errored seconds, seĆ
verely errored seconds and degraded minutes.
Options 3...7 show a floating point value of the parameter given by the
statistics counter in question.
Options 8...11 display four ratios computed on the contents of the above
statistic counters.
When this option is selected, the number of the direction whose error
counters are to be examined is given:
Select direction:
1, 2 or 3
When the direction has been selected (8,2,d), the following is displayed:
2M error counters:
0 Display all
2 Frame sync. losts
3 Errored framewords
4 Errored CRC-blocks
5 Reset counters
Option 0 displays the number of CPU resets in the B2 unit since the previĆ
ous reset of the counter.
Option 1 resets the counter.
Select unit:
2 X2
3... uP-units
When the unit has been selected, the menu on the statistics of that unit is
displayed.
8,9,2 X2 statistics
X2 statistics:
3 CPU reset counter
Option 0 displays the number of CPU resets in the X2 unit since the previĆ
ous reset of the counter.
4.9 Testing
Testing:
4 A/D-test
5 Memory test
6 Memory operations
7 RUNTEST
9 Unit testing
9,4 A/D-test
Option 4 (9,4) starts testing the A/D converter of the B2 unit processor.
The response obtained is one of the displays given below. The lower one
indicates a detected fault.
A/D OK
A/D #OK
Memory test:
1 RAM
2 EPROM
Option 1 (9,5,1) tests the RAM memory circuits in the processor environĆ
ment of the B2 unit. The lower one of the response alternatives indicates
that a failure has been detected:
RAM OK
RAM #OK
EPROM OK
EPROM #OK
Memory operations:
1 Read byte
2 Write byte in RAM
3 Read 8 bytes
4 Write byte in EEPROM
By option 1 (9,6,1) the text prompting for the read address is obtained:
When the memory address has been entered, the text prompting for the
write data is obtained:
After the address has been entered, the text prompting for data is obĆ
tained:
9,6,99,59 Initialize DB 2
The selection is made at the factory in the beginning of testing and always
when the program of the equipment is replaced by a program of another
equipment type. The option resets the EEPROM memories of the equipĆ
ment (e.g. branching tables) and loads settings corresponding with deĆ
fault and factory settings from the EPROM memory. When this option is
selected, the program also performs the equipment installation (6,2,3)
and resets the B2 unit (9,6,99,1).
9,7 RUNTEST
Select unit:
2 X2
3... uP-units
After the unit has been selected, the program displays the menu on the
tests for the unit in question.
9,9,2 X2-testing
X2 Testing:
4 A/D test
5 Memory test
6 Memory operations
7 RUNTEST
By this option, the program performs the same actions as by option 9,4,
but the object is now the X2 unit.
By this option, the program performs the same actions as by option 9,5,
but the object is now the X2 unit.
2 Mbit/s BRANCHING EQUIPMENT DB 2
Operation with Service Terminal
II/4
6.3.1992 Page 83
The menus for the memory operations have been removed starting from
program version 06A. Refer to option 9,6.
Memory operations:
1 Read byte
2 Write byte in RAM
3 Read 8 bytes
4 Write byte in EEPROM
Operations following options 1-4 are the same as those under option 9,6.
The option resets the EEPROM memory of the X2 unit (e.g. branching
tables) and loads settings corresponding with default and factory settings
from the EPROM memory. When this option is selected, the program
also resets the X2 unit (9,9,2,6,99,1).
9,9,2,7 RUNTEST
This item includes the data protection functions of the equipment. If the
response Missing rights is obtained when the protected functions are
used, the password must be known or local pin grounding (PIN) must be
used to obtain the privileges.
Protected functions include all changes made on settings and identificaĆ
tions and operations related with traffic or alarms in general.
User privileges:
1 Password for privileges
2 PIN for privileges
3 Cancel privileges
4 Setting parameters
Give password:
1...7 char
By entering the correct password, the protections are cancelled for the
time defined in the time parameters (10,4) assuming that the "password
for privileges" (10,4,3,2) has been selected as the protection.
By option 2 (10,2), the following is obtained:
By grounding the pin c1 on the service connector (B2), privileges are obĆ
tained until the time defined by the parameter has elapsed from disconĆ
necting the grounding.
This method can always be used although the password were in use.
By option 3 (10,3) the privileges are cancelled. If not cancelled, the priviĆ
leges are valid during the whole time monitoring period once they have
been given.
By option 4 (10,4) the menu for protection parameters is obtained:
Setting parameters:
1 Timeout
2 Protections
3 Password
2 Mbit/s BRANCHING EQUIPMENT DB 2
Operation with Service Terminal
II/4
6.3.1992 Page 85
Privileges obtained by password or by PIN signal are valid during the time
monitoring period set. By selecting 1 (10,4,1) the text for setting the
time-out is obtained:
Timeout:
0 Display
1...1000 min.
Protections:
0 Display
1 No protection
2 Password required
3 Local PIN required
Option 1 (10,4,2,1) cancels the protections, in which case e.g. controls and
settings can be performed without the password or PIN signal (factory setĆ
ting).
When option 2 (10,4,2,2) has been selected, the password must be known
or the PIN signal must be grounded if the protected functions are to be
used the next time the equipment is used. The selection presupposes that
a password has been given to the equipment.
When option 3 (10,4,2,3) has been selected, the protected functions can
only be accessed by connecting pin PIN to ground.
Give password:
1...7 char
The password cannot be given after the protections have been taken into
use. Therefore, the password has to be given before the protections are
activated.