UMG8900-TDM-Guide for

Troubleshooting Faults Related to

Electrical Interfaces

UMG8900
All Versions

Issue

1.00

Date

2010-09-20

INTERNAL

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

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About This Document

Author
Prepared by

Wang Chengli (ID: 0047572)

Date

Reviewed by

Date

Approved by

Date

2007-07-23

Summary
This document describes the common knowledge of the electrical interfaces of the UMG8900
and its related troubleshooting.
This document includes:

Guide for Reading

Configuration

Troubleshooting

History
Issue

Details

Date

Prepared by

1.00

Initial release

2007-08-01

Wang Chengli (ID: 0047572)

Issue 1.00 (2010-09-20)

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Approved by

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Contents
1 Guide for Reading ........................................................................................................................ 5
1.1 Hardware .......................................................................................................................................................... 6
1.2 Work Mode and Load Classification ................................................................................................................ 6
1.3 Loopback Mode ............................................................................................................................................... 7
1.4 Common Alarms .............................................................................................................................................. 7

2 Configuration ................................................................................................................................. 8
2.1 Basic Configuration ......................................................................................................................................... 8
2.2 Loopback Configuration .................................................................................................................................. 9

3 Troubleshooting .......................................................................................................................... 10
3.1 Common Faults and Handling Methods ......................................................................................................... 10
3.1.1 Frame Error Faults ................................................................................................................................ 10
3.1.2 Slip Faults ............................................................................................................................................. 11
3.1.3 Signal Loss Faults ................................................................................................................................. 11
3.1.4 Multiframe Out-of-Synchronization Faults ........................................................................................... 12
3.1.5 Crossed Pair Faults ............................................................................................................................... 13

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Figures
Figure 2-1 Configuration flow for TDM bearer .................................................................................................... 8

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Guide for Reading

The TDM electrical interfaces involved in the UMG8900 are mainly the 2 Mbit/s E1/T1
interfaces on the E32/T32/E63/T63, E3/T3 interfaces on the PIE, E1/T1 interfaces on the
OMD, E3/T3 interfaces on the DS3 subboard inserted on the OMD, and STM-1 interfaces on
the S1E/S2E.
1.

E1/T1 interface
An E1 refers to a trunk transport interface on a stored program control switch. Timeslot 0
acts as a synchronous timeslot and cannot carry voices. Other timeslots can carry a
maximum of 31 channels of voices at the speed of 64 kbit/s. The bandwidth of the E1
interface is 32 x 64 = 2048 kbit/s.
One frame on T1 contains 24 timeslots. Each frame has a start bit, F bit, and thus the
frame length of a T1 signal is 1 + 24 x 8 = 193 bits. The F bit can monitor and provide
the frame alignment signal and data link.
Main differences about the frame format of E1 and T1
E1 has 32 timeslots while T1 has 24 timeslots. Besides this, other differences are as
follows:

2.

Each frame of T1 has a start bit, F bit, which can act as a bit for frame
synchronization, data link check, and CRC transmission check. The F bit does not
belong to any timeslot. E1 has no F bit, and frame synchronization signals are
transmitted through timeslot 0.

The signaling codes A, B, C, and D in channel associated are transmitted differently.

For E1, the signaling code is transmitted through timeslot 16. For T1, taking the
multiframe structure of the extended super frame (ESF) as an example, the 8th bits of
all the timeslots in frame 6, 12, 18, and 24 are used to transmit the signaling codes A,
B, C, and D respectively for the related timeslot. The SF of T1 only transmits codes A
and B (A through timeslot 6 and B through timeslot 12) in channel associated mode.
The channel associated signaling (CAS) timeslot of T1 also transmits voice with
voice codes of seven bits.

The CRC is different. E1 uses the CRC4 check algorithm while T1 uses the CRC6
check algorithm.

E3/T3 interface
E3/T3 refers to the tertiary group of E1/T1 in the PDH. The transmission rate is 34.368
Mbit/s or 44.732 Mbit/s. E3 is manly used in Europe and China, and T3 is mainly used in
North America. Three modes usually applied currently are:

Issue 1.00 (2010-09-20)

T3: 28-timeslot T1, outbound T3 interface

G.747: 21-timeslot E1, outbound E3 interface

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3.

E3: 16-timeslot E1, outbound E3 interface

STM-1 interface
The structure of the STM-N frame contains three parts: section overhead including
regenerative section overhead (RSOH) and multiplex section overhead (MSOH),
administrative unit pointer (AU-PTR), and information payload. The information
payload stores the information blocks to be transmitted by the STM-N frame. The
information payload area can be likened to the freight car of a lorry. The goods in the
freight car are the packed low-speed signals. For real-time monitoring that whether the
packed low-speed signals are damaged during transmission, the monitoring overhead
byte, namely, the path overhead (POH) byte, is added when the low-speed signals are
packed. As a part of the payload, the POH is loaded the STM-N frame with the
information block for transmission in the SDN network. Like a sensor, the POH monitors,
manages, and controls the path performance for the packed low-speed signals.

1.1 Hardware

The E32 (UG01 and UG02)/ESU provides 32 E1 interfaces.

The T32 (UG01 and UG02)/TSU provides 32 T1 interfaces.

The E63 provides 63 E1 interfaces.

The T63 provides 63 T1 interfaces.

The S2L/S2E provides two STM-1 interfaces.

The S1L/S1E provides one STM-1 interface.

The PIE provides three E3/T3 electrical interfaces.

The E1/T1 subboard on the OMD provides 24 E1/T1 electrical interfaces.

The DS3 subboard on the OMD provides one E3/T3 electrical interface.

1.2 Work Mode and Load Classification

The E32 (UG01 and UG02)/ESU can and only can provide 32 E1 interfaces.
The E32 (UG01 and UG02)/TSU can and only can provide 32 T1 interfaces.
The E63 can and only can provide 63 E1 interfaces.
The T63 can and only can provide 63 T1 interfaces.
Three work modes are supported on the E3 and T3 electrical interfaces:

T3 mode: each electrical interface provides 28 T1 interfaces.

E3 mode: each electrical interface provides 16 E1 interfaces.

G.747 mode: each electrical interface provides 21 E1 interfaces.

The frame structures SDH and SONET are supported on the S2E/S1E:

The SDH supports 63 E1s/63 T1s.

The SONET supports 84 T1s.

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1.3 Loopback Mode

Usually various loopback places and operations are adopted to locate faults. Choose the
loopback place and mode based on various loopback methods actually used. For the detailed
loopback operations, refer to the online help of LOP E1, LOP E3, or LOP S2L.
Three loopback places supported on the E32/T32 and the ESU/TSU are the port, logic, and
switch chip. Only the E32/T32 supports the switch chip as the loopback place and the
E63/T63 supports the port loopback. For details, refer to the maintenance guide for loopback.
The loopback methods supported on the PIE/OMD with the DS3 as the subboard are local
loopback, FEAC peer loopback, CBIT peer loopback.
For loopback operations supported on the S2E/S1E, refer to the UMG8900-TDM-Guide for
Troubleshooting Faults Related to Optical Interfaces.
Notes of loopback operations

Command tests must be conducted when there is no service running on the E32/T32
work link; otherwise, signaling interruption or one-way audio may occur.

If SET E1PORT is executed to configure the link properties in a loopback state, the chip
is to be re-initialized, the loopback state is invalid, and the related alarm is cleared.

In single-path loopback mode, for load at the E1, the range of the timeslots is from 1 to
31; for load at the T1, the range of the timeslots is from 0 to 23.

Only one loopback mode can be configured on each port. The loopback mode of each port is
based on the mode configured finally. For example, set port 1 as outloop first, and then set
port 1 as inloop. In this case, the final loopback mode for port 1 is inloop.

1.4 Common Alarms

For the alarms relating to the PIE, refer to the online help of alarms with the IDs of 25xx.For
the alarms relating to the E32/T32/E63/T63, refer to the online help of alarms with the IDs of
24xx.
For the alarms relating to the S2E/S1E, refer to the online help of alarms with the IDs of 26xx
and 27xx.

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Configuration

2.1 Basic Configuration

Figure 2-1 Configuration flow for TDM bearer
Start

TDM interface
type
E3/T3
interface

E1/T1
interface

Configure the E1/T1

interface (optional)

Configure the E3/T3

interface (optional)

SDH
interface

Configure the SDH

interface (optional)

Configure SDH interface

protection (optional)

Configure TDM
timeslots

Configure E1 office
information (optional)

End

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Run SET E1PORT to set the E1/T1 electrical interface. Run DSP E1PORT to query the
configuration.

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Run SET E1ALM to shield the alarm generated on the E1/T1 electrical interface of the
E32/T32/ESU/TSU/E63/T63.

Run SET E3PORT to set the E3/T3 electrical interface. Run DSP E3PORT to query the
configuration.

Run SET E3ALM to shield the alarm generated on the E3/T3 electrical interface of the
PIE.

Run SET S2LPORT to set port properties of the S2E/S1E, including frame type
(SONET or SDH) carrying signals, load type (T1 or E1), coding mode (Huawei, Lucent,
or Alcatel) of E1/T1. Run SET S2LFRM to set the framing format of the S2E/S1E; run
SET SDHFLAG to set the overhead byte of the SDH frame on the optical interface of
the S2L/S1L.

Run SET OPTALM to shield the alarm generated on the S2E/S1E electrical interface.

2.2 Loopback Configuration

Run LOP E1 to set or cancel the loopback on the E1/T1 interface.

For example, set the loopback mode of port 5 on the E32/T32/E63/T63 in slot 3 of frame
1 to inloop.
LOP E: FN=1, SN=3, LOC=PORT, MODE=INERLOP, PN=5;

Run LOP E3 to set or cancel the loopback on the E1/T1 interface.

For example, set E3 line loop at the E3 framer on port 0 on the PIE in slot 2 of frame 1.
LOP E3: FN=1,SN=2,TYPE=LOCAL,LOC=E3_FRAMER,MODE=E3LINELOP,PN=0;

Run LOP S2L to set or cancel the loopback on the STM-1 interface.
For example, set line inloop on port 1 of the S2E in slot 2 of frame 1:
LOP S2L: FN=1, SN=2, PN=PORT1, LOC=LINE_LOOP, MODE=INERLOP;

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Troubleshooting

3.1 Common Faults and Handling Methods

3.1.1 Frame Error Faults
Fault Symptom
Noises occur with the emergence of frame error alarms.

Fault Acknowledgement
Error frame or channel signal deterioration is reported in the alarm system. The occurring
alarm ID and alarm name diverge in different versions as shown in the following table:
Versions Early than
V200R008C02

V200R008C02 and Later

Alarm
ID

Alarm name

Alarm
ID

Alarm name

Reason

2409

E32/T32 error frame

2456

E1/T1 Channel Signal

Deterioration

E1/T1 error frame

2509

PIE channel error

frame

2545

E3/T3 Channel Signal

Deterioration

PIE channel error frame

Fault Analysis

It is possibly caused by the low quality of the signals in transmission.

It may be also caused by other electronic components.

Troubleshooting
On the cable distribution frame, perform a loopback to the UMG8900. If the alarm on the
UMG8900 is cleared, the alarm is caused by the peer-end interconnected device; if the alarm

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persists, the fault is restricted to the UMG8900 and the segment between the UMG8900 and
the cable distribution frame. For the details of the alarms, refer to online help.

3.1.2 Slip Faults

Fault Symptom
Intermittent signaling occurs with the emergence of slip alarms.

Fault Acknowledgement
Slip or channel signal deterioration is reported in the alarm system. The occurring alarm ID
and alarm name diverge in different versions as shown in the following table:
Versions Early than
V200R008C02

V200R008C02 and LaterV200R008C02 and Later

Alarm
ID

Alarm name

Alarm
ID

Alarm name

Reason

2406

E1/T1 slip

2456

E1/T1 Channel Signal

Deterioration

E1/T1 slip

2510

PIE slip

2545

E3/T3 Channel Signal

Deterioration

PIE slip

Fault Analysis
Usually a slip occurs because the clock is not synchronized between the UMG8900 and the
interconnected device.

Troubleshooting
For clock checking, refer to the related chapters in the general maintenance guide.

3.1.3 Signal Loss Faults

Fault Symptom
The service is interrupted with the emergence of signal loss alarms.

Fault Acknowledgement
Signal lost or Channel fault is reported in the alarm system. The occurring alarm ID and alarm
name diverge in different versions as shown in the following table:
Versions Early than
V200R008C02
Alarm
ID

Alarm name

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V200R008C02 and Later

Alarm
ID

Alarm name

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Reason

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2401

E1/T1 signals lost

2455

E1/T1 Channel Fault

E1/T1 signals lost

2501

Channel signal lost

2544

E3/T3 Channel Fault

Channel signal lost

2601

Signal loss

2656

SDH/STM-1 fault

Signal loss

Fault Analysis

When ADD TDMIU is executed to configure the timeslots of the related interfaces, the
E1 cables or the optical fibers are not connected correctly.

The optical fibers are broken and damaged.

The optical module fails.

The peer switch fails.

Troubleshooting
Step 1 Run LST TDMIU to check whether a TID is configured; if a TID is configured, check
whether the connection is correct. If not, connect the E1 cables or the optical fibers correctly;
if yes, proceed with the next step.
Step 2 Check whether the optical fibers are damaged. if yes, replace the optical fibers with proper
ones; if not, proceed with the next step.
Step 3 Check whether the peer switch and the interconnected interface board function properly. If the
peer switch fails, recover the switch to its normal state; if the fault persists, contact the R&D
personnel for help.
----End

3.1.4 Multiframe Out-of-Synchronization Faults

Fault Symptom
The symptom is implicit, but multiframe out-of-synchronization alarms or channel signal
deterioration occurs.

Fault Acknowledgement
Multiframe out-of-synchronization or channel fault is reported in the alarm system. The
occurring alarm ID and alarm name vary in different versions as shown in the following table:
Versions Early than
V200R008C02
Alarm
ID

V200R008C02 and Later

Alarm
ID

Alarm name

Alarm name

Reason

2405

E1/T1 multiframe
out-of-synchronization

2455

E1/T1 Channel Fault

E1/T1 multiframe
out-of-synchronization

2505

Channel multiframe
out-of-synchronization

2544

E3/T3 Channel Fault

Channel multiframe
out-of-synchronization

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2628

SDH PDH frame

signal multiframe
out-of-synchronization

2658

SDH/STM-1 path fault

SDH PDH frame signal

multiframe
out-of-synchronization

2728

SONET PDH frame

signal multiframe
out-of-synchronization

2658

SDH/STM-1 path fault

SONET PDH frame signal

multiframe
out-of-synchronization

Fault Analysis
The multiframe out-of-synchronization alarms occur because the multiframe synchronization
head cannot be checked, which is caused by the inconsistent frame formats between the
UMG8900 and its interconnected device. For example, the frame of the UMG89000 is the
CRC multiframe, while the frame of the interconnected device is DOUBLE frame.

Troubleshooting
Step 1 Run DSP E1PORT for the E32 or DSP S2LPORT for the S2L to check the local
configuration. Contact the engineer of the peer device to confirm the peer configuration.
Check both configurations and ensure that the frame formats are consistent.
Step 2 On the cable distribution frame, perform a loopback to the UMG8900. If the alarm on the
UMG8900 is cleared, the alarm is caused by the peer-end interconnected device; if the alarm
persists, the fault is restricted to the UMG8900 and the segment between the UMG8900 and
the cable distribution frame. For the details of the alarms, refer to online help.
----End

3.1.5 Crossed Pair Faults

Fault Symptom
One-way audio occurs, which may result from the crossed pair.

Fault Acknowledgement
Run CHK E1CROSS. An abnormal result is displayed, instead of the result like "Interface 0
= OK."

Fault Analysis
Crossed pair is caused by the twisted pair cabling of the receiving and transmitting links. But
the ports of the device can still receive the carrier signals. The only difference is that the
signals are not from the wanted port. In this case, no alarm is generated. To locate the fault,
you can only send and receive detection data.

Troubleshooting
For the PIE/E32/T32/ESU/TSU/E63/T63, run CHK E1CROSS to check the crossed pair on
the E3/T3 electrical interface of the PIE and the E1/T1 interface of the
E32/T32/ESU/TSU/E63/T63. But before this operation, perform a loopback in the direction of

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the UMG8900 on the interconnected device, that is, send the signal from the UMG8900 back
to the UMG8900. For the detailed operation, refer to online help.

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