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Dr. Mandeep Singh1, Prateek Jain2, Shaurya Chopra3
Electrical & Instrumentation Engineering Department,
Thapar University, Patiala
1
mdsingh@thapar.edu,2pj91000@gmail.com,3shauryachopra66@gmail.com
Abstract- An electric wheelchair is an aid for disabled people who
have lost the ability to move. A conventional wheelchair is
manually driven which cannot be used by full body impaired
people, so a model is needed which can be beneficial to them.
There are various motor operated wheelchairs available but none
of them are perfectly accurate. Inaccuracy of wheelchair can have
disastrous results for the operator. So, a design is required to
navigate wheelchair which has high accuracy. This paper deals
with deriving a method to navigate the wheelchair with high
accuracy by collaborating E.O.G. method and interfacing a
camera in front of eye to get maximum accuracy and giving
highest priority to the safety of user.
Keywords- E.O.G., Electrooculography , eye controlled wheelchair,
microcontroller
I.
INTRODUCTION
2015 IEEE
Centre
Left
Right
Voltage(mV)
Centre Voltage(peak)
192
Left Voltage(peak)
236
Right Voltage(peak)
164
Signal Ripple
28
Left-Center Voltage
44
Center-Right Voltage
28
2015 IEEE
SECTOR 1
SECTOR 2
SECTOR 3
REFERENCE
IMAGE
REAL TIME
IMAGE
When eye lids are closed, white pixels in the image increase by
a large number as compared to reference image. This signal is
used to start or stop the wheelchair.
2015 IEEE
CONTROL SIGNAL TO
MOTOR OF WHEELCHAIR
CAMERA
MICRO
CONTROLLER
IMAGE
PROCESSING
DESCISION
MAKING
TRUE
IF(RESULT==1)
AND GATE
FALSE
EOG SIGNAL
MICROCONTROLLER
SIGNAL
PROCESSING
DESCISION
MAKING
SYSTEM RESEST
Fig. 10 Flow diagram for implementation of eye controlled wheelchair with E.O.G. and camera interface.
MODEL
E.O.G.
CAMERA
INTERFACE
E.O.G. &
CAMERA
INTERFACE
NO. OF
TRIALS
NO. OF
SUCCESS
ACCURACY
PERCENTAG
E
50
31
62%
40
80%
46
92%
50
50
VI. CONCLUSION
This research project is aimed at guiding the wheel chair in
desired direction. Which was done by incorporating both E.O.G
and camera interface on wheel chair prototype and accuracy is
increased from 82% in camera interface to 92%. Considering
the practical aspects of the project, it is proposed that camera
and E.O.G. system should be connected to a single
microcontroller unit for decision making. Also, obstacle
sensors like ultra sound sensor, IR proximity sensor or infrared
range sensor can be installed on the wheelchair to make sure
that the operator does not collide with any obstacle .So, by
combining both the technologies, wheelchair can be
maneuvered by eye movements with high precision keeping in
mind the safety of the operator
2015 IEEE
References
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Activation 5th Int. Colloq. CSPA,2009.
[2] R. Barea,L. Boquete, M. Mazo, E. Lbpez, L.M. Bergasa E.O.G. guidance
of a wheelchair using neural networks 15 th Int. Conf. on Pattern
RecognitionVol.4,pp 668-671,2000.
[3] G. Gautam, G. Sumanth, K.C. Karthikeyan, S. Sundar , D.Venkataraman
Eye movement based electronic wheel chair for physically challenged
persons Int.l JSTR Vol. 3(2),2014.
[4] N. Kim-Tien , N. Truong-Thinh, Using Electrooculogram and
Electromyogram for powered wheelchairProc. IEEE Int. Conf. on Robotics
and Biomimetics ,Phuket,Thailand,2011.
[5] Y.S. Kim,H.B Lee,J.S Kim,H.J Baekl, M.S Ryu,K.S Park ECG, EOG
detection from helmet based system 6th Int. Special Topic Conference on
ITAB,Tokyo,2007.
[6] C.Yue, EOG Signalsin Drowsiness Research M.S. thesis, Dept.
Biomedical Engineering, University of Linkping, Linkping,Sweden,2011.
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on EOG Signals using Tangent Bug Algorithm,3rd Int. Conf. on CIMSim,2011.
[8] J.K. Chacko, D. Oommen, K.K. Mathew, N. Sunny, N. Babu ,
Microcontroller Based EOG Guided Wheelchair, Int. Vol:7(11),pp 423-426,
2013
[9] A.W. North,Accuracy and precision of electrooculography recording,
Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. Vol.4(3),pp 343348,1965
2015 IEEE