6/23/15

Mapa ng Loob

Masaklaw na Panukat ng Loob

(Mapa ng Loob)
Development and Validation: Excerpts

Began as a project in a graduate class on

Personality Scale Construction at UP
Diliman in 2010
Measures the broad traits that make up
the Five-Factor model

Gregorio E. H. del Pilar, PhD

PAP Tatlong Panukat
De La Salle University
May 23, 2015

Mnemonic device for the domains of the

Five-Factor Model

Openness to Experience
Conscientiousness
Extraversion
Agreeableness
Neuroticism

Facet scales of the Mapa ng Loob

Neuroticism (Hina ng Loob, Pagkamaramdamin,
Pagkamapag-alala, Pagkasumpungin)
Extraversion (Pagkamasayahin,
Pagkapalakaibigan, Pagkamasigla,
Pagkamadaldal)
Openness to Experience (Kakaibang pag-iisip, Hilig
sa Bagong Kaalaman, Pagkamakasining,
Pagkamaharaya)
Agreeableness (Pagkadimayabang,
Pagkamapagtiwala, Pagkamaunawain,
Pagkamapagparaya)
Conscientiousness (Pagkamasikap,
Pagkamapagplano, Pagkaresponsable,
Pagkamaingat)
Interstitial scales: Init ng Ulo, Pagkamatapat
Social Desirability
Journal of Personality and Social Psychology

Mapa ng Loob

Completed in May 2013, after six item

testing studies over five successive
semesters

Initially meant to be a revision of the

Panukat ng Pagkataong Pilipino (PPP)

2002, Vol. 82, No. 1, 89101

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Conclusion: Katigbak, Church, Lapena,

Carlota & del Pilar (2002)

"...most of the dimensions measured

by Philippine personality inventories
overlap considerably with, and are
adequately encompassed by,
dimensions of the five-factor model..."
p. 97

Factor Analysis

Construction of the scales of the Mapa ng Loob

Construct definition
Item-writing
Item review (to improve phrasing, to
eliminate highly similar items, and
assignment of prototypicality ratings)
Item testing
Reliability analysis
Factor analysis

Principal Component Analysis of Mapa Preliminary Version 6 (Final Version)

Since the Mapa aims to measure the five

factors, it has to demonstrate that the five
facets group as expected.

Scale

Scale name in English

Cronbachs
Alpha

Number of
positively-keyed
items

N1 Hina ng Loob

Vulnerability to Stress

.67

N2 Pagkamaramdamin

Oversensitiveness

.77

N3 Pagkamapag-alala

Worrying anxiety

.75

N4 Pagkasumpungin

Temperamentalness

.75

E1 Pagkamasayahin

Cheerfulness

.79

E2 Pagkapalakaibigan

Friendliness

.81

E3 Pagkamasigla

Energy

.73

E4 Pagkamadaldal

Loquaciousness

.67

O1 Kakaibang Pag-iisip

Original Thinking

.66

O2 Hilig sa Bagong
Kaalaman
O3 Pagkamakasining

Intellectual Curiosity

.67

Aesthetic Sensitivity

.65

O4 Pagkamaharaya

Imaginativeness

.70

A1 Pagkadimayabang

Modesty

.69

A2 Pagkamapagtiwala

Capacity for Trust

.65

A3 Pagkamaunawain

.66

A4 Pagkamapagparaya

Capacity for
Understanding
Obligingness

.70

C1 Pagkamasikap

Achievement-striving

.72

C2 Pagkapamapagplano

Planfulness

.70

C3 Pagkaresponsable

Responsibleness

.79

C4 Pagkamaingat

Carefulness

.71

Locating people and constructs in a "map" of 5 dimensions

Factor 2

Emotional Intelligence

Factor 1

Factor 1

Resilience

Forgivingness

Factor 2

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English version of the Mapa

Began in 2013 and currently being revised
First version facet reliabilities, UP Diliman:
Sem 1 13-14: .62-.85, mean = .72
Sem 2 13-14: .65-.87, mean = .74
* Excellent factor structure

Validation Studies
on the scales of the
Mapa ng Loob

International Personality Item Pool (IPIP, L. Goldberg, 2008)

English version of the Mapa: correlations with Filipino version, UP Diliman

Semester I 13-14
(N= 202)

Semester II 13-14
(N=202)

Neuroticism

.81

.84

Extraversion

.87

.92

Openness to
Experience

.67

.75

Agreeableness

.79

.85

Conscientiousnes
s

.74

.86

Scale

Borlasa, Magayanes, Menorca & Syjueco, 2014

Participants: 120 UP Diliman college

students
Correlated the English Mapa domain
scale scores with the International
Personality Item Pool Big Five scales (20
items per domain scale)

collection of personality items in the public

domain, available on the Internet,
established by Lewis Goldberg in the
1990's
aims to promote personality and individual
differences research by making available,
for free, measures that are highly
correlated with well-known but
copyrighted measures such as the NEO
PI-R, the MMPI, the 16 PF, the CPI, etc.

Borlasa, Magayanes, Menorca & Syjueco, 2014

IPIP
ES
Mapa
N

IPIP E IPIP O IPIP A IPIP C

-.73

-.27

.01

-.24

-.28

Mapa E .18

.78

.12

.42

.21

-.14

.10

.56

.23

.04

.32

-.10

-.23

.38

.17

.13

.35

.28

.43

.65

Mapa
O
Mapa
A
Mapa
C

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Del Pilar, 2014: Ratings from current best friends and childhood best friends

Mapa
score

STUDENTS (N = 49)

Rating

BEST FRIENDS (N=49) Mapa

Score

Participants: two undergraduate classes

in Psychological Measurement in UP
Diliman, who recruited current and
chilhood best friends
Current best friend pairs N=98, childhood
best friend pairs N= 80

Participants with current best friends

Participants with childhood best friends

70 females and 28 males

98 % were aged 17-22 (max age was 26)
Mean Age = 19.4, SD = 1.34
56 Psychology Majors; 42 nonPsychology Majors

First five items on the rating instrument

61 females and 19 males

Mean Age = 19.3, SD = .92 (17-21)
39 Psychology Majors; 41 nonPsychology Majors

Del Pilar, 2014

The score on a rating scale for a facet

was the rating on the facet, eg, Hina ng
Loob.
Domain rating score = rating on facet 1 +
rating on facet 2 + rating on facet 3 +
rating on facet 4
Example: Rating score on Neuroticism =
rating on Hina ng Loob + rating on
Pagkamaramdamin + rating on
Pagkamapag-alala + rating on
Pagkasumpungin

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Convergent and discriminant validity matrix: Mapa facet scales vs facet rating scales: 20
cv's, 380 dv's

Convergent Validity Coefficients (Spearman's Rho) for Current and Childhood Best Friends

Facet

Current Childhoo
d
.26
.38

N1 Hina ng Loob

R1
M1

N2 Pagkamaramdamin

.30

.07

N3 Pagkamapag-alala

.18

.05

= .01

M3

N4 Pagkasumpungin

E1 Pagkamasayahin

.26

.15

= .05

M4

.57

.17

M5

E2 Pagkapalakaibigan

.59

.34

M6

E3 Pagkamasigla

.52

.18

E4 Pagkamadaldal

.61

.34

O1 Kakaibang Pag-iisip

.32

.16

O2 Hilig sa Bagong Kaalaman

.14

.15

...

O3 Pagkamakasining

.10

.04

...

Significant at

R2

M2

...

...

R20

...
...

...
...

A2 Pagkamapagtiwala

.16

.05

M20

A3 Pagkamaunawain

.27

.13

O4 Pagkamapagparaya

.39

.18

C1 Pagkamasikap

.24

.23

C2 Pagkamapagplano

.25

.16

C3 Pagkaresponsable

.29

.36

...
...
CV

Rank-order correlation between Mapa domain scores

and rating domain scores: Psych raters (N=56)

Total.18
.21
number of Percentage
Coecient
significant
coecients
C4
Pagkamaingat
Number

Neuroticism

Openness
Conscient
Extrato
Agreeable
ious-
version Experienc
-ness
ness
e

Mapa N

.40**

-.20*

-.12

-.03

.08

Mapa E

.06

.72**

.33*

-.01

-.08

Mapa O

.08

.22

.40**

.15

-.13

Mapa A

-.16

.29*

.20

.36**

-.15

Mapa C

.04

.03

-.30*

-.02

.46**

75

15

...

CV

...

Del Pilar, 2014: Significant correlations for current best friends

R9

CV

M8

.19

380

R8

CV

M7

.18

57

R7

CV

.28

Discriminan
t

R6

CV

.24

20

R5

CV

O4 Pagkamaharaya

15

R4

CV

A1 Pagkadimayabang

Convergent

R3

CV

Comparison of convergent and discriminant correlations

between the NEO and the Mapa ng Loob
Convergent validity
coecients

Average discriminant
validity coecients
(absolute value)

NEO PI

Mapa ng
Loob

NEO PI

Mapa ng
Loob

Neuroticism

.38**

.40**

.07

.12

Extraversion

.40**

.72**

.11

.09

Openness to
Experience

.43**

.40**

.09

.10

Agreeableness

.28**

.36**

.06

.22

Conscientiou
s-ness

.40**

.46**

.11

.16

Mapa ng Loob

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College-age Normative Sample N=384

Group

N selected
for final
sample

Not
reporting

UP Diliman
(16-23 years
old)

(413)

192

29

65

varied

College
non-UP
(16-23 years
old)

(330)

192

18

78

varied

Metro Manila
1

(83)

48

24

65

11

Metro Manila
2

Frequency
32
85
134
63
39
10
8
8
5
19.5

Major

Tourism
Management

(191)

115

20

79

Psychology

Central
Luzon

(56)

29

29

69

Agriculturerelated

Total

(743)

384

25

74

College-Age Normative Sample N=384

Age
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
Missing
Mean

Gender percentage in the final

sample

Adult Sample N=190

Metro Manila sample

62% F, 38% M
75% from call centers and BPO's
Age: 24-30 - 65%
31-35 - 19%
36 + - 15%

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