Section E Volume 07 HV Transformers

Angamos Thermoelectric Power Plant
Operation and Maintenance Manual Section E Volume 7
Rev AB
Rev. 1
EMPRESA ELCTRICA
ANGAMOS THERMOELECTRIC POWER PLANT
Operation and Maintenance Manual
Section E
Volume 7
Electrical Transformers
Main, Station and Unit Auxiliary
Page 1 of 26
Yokogawa Power Services (TechComm)

Rev AB
Rev. 1
Table of Contents
1
FUNCTION ................................................................................................ 4
1.1
Main Unit Transformers.................................................................... 4
1.2
Unit Auxiliary Transformers............................................................. 4
1.3
Station Transformers........................................................................ 4
1.4
Cooling Classes of Transformers ................................................... 4
1.4.1 First Letter ...................................................................................... 4

1.4.2 Second Letter ................................................................................. 5
1.4.3 Third Letter ..................................................................................... 5
1.4.4 Fourth Letter................................................................................... 5
2
GENERAL DESCRIPTION ........................................................................ 6
2.1
REFERENCES ................................................................................... 6
2.1.1 P& IDs ........................................................................................... 6
2.2
SYSTEM SAFETY HAZARDS ........................................................... 6
2.3
TRANSFORMER DESCRIPTIONS .................................................... 7
2.3.1 Unit Main Transformers 1 and 2 ..................................................... 7

2.3.2 Unit Auxiliary Transformers 1 and 2 ............................................... 7
2.3.3 Start up or Station Transformer 1 and 2 ......................................... 7
2.4
SYSTEM PARAMETERS ................................................................... 9
2.4.1 Unit Transformer ............................................................................ 9

2.4.2 Unit Auxiliary Transformers .......................................................... 11
2.4.3 Start up or Station Transformer .................................................... 13
2.5
OTHER SYSTEM COMPONENTS................................................... 16
2.5.1 Oil and Winding temperature indicators ....................................... 16

2.5.2 Pressure Relief Valves ................................................................. 17
2.5.3 Buchholz Relays........................................................................... 17
2.5.4 Transformer Protection................................................................. 18
2.5.5 Unit Auxiliary Transformers Differential and HV Over Current..... 18
2.5.6 Unit Main Transformer.................................................................. 19
3
SYSTEM OPERATION............................................................................ 20
3.1
PURPOSE AND SCOPE .................................................................. 20
3.2
OPERATIONAL OUTLINE ............................................................... 20
3.3
SYSTEM NORMAL OPERATION .................................................... 20

Page 2 of 26

Rev AB
Rev. 1
3.4
SYSTEM START UP ........................................................................ 21
3.5
SYSTEM SHUT DOWN .................................................................... 21
3.6
ALARMS .......................................................................................... 21
3.7
EMERGENCY MEASURES ............................................................. 22
SYSTEM POWER SUPPLY LINE UP CHECK LIST............................... 23
SYSTEM VALVE POWER SUPPLY LINE UP CHECK LIST .................. 23
DEFINITION OF TERMS (ABBREVIATIONS) ........................................ 24
SYSTEM MAINTENANCE OVERVIEW .................................................. 26
7.1
Major Components Maintenance Procedures .............................. 26
7.2
Maintenance Manual Valve List System ....................................... 26
7.3
Maintenance Manual Recommended Spare Parts for System.... 26
7.4
Maintenance Manual OEM Documents ......................................... 26
7.5
Maintenance Manual Drawings...................................................... 26
Page 3 of 26

Rev AB
Rev. 1
FUNCTION
1.1
Main Unit Transformers
The Main Unit Transformers, 1 and 2 are rated 50 Hz, 231/18 kV, 180/240/320 MVA
ONAN/ONAF1/ONAF2, ZH-L=12.5% at 300MVA
1.2
Unit Auxiliary Transformers
The Unit Auxiliary Transformers, 1 and 2 are rated 50 Hz, 18/6.9 kV, 34/40 MVA ONAN /ONAF,
ZH-L=12.5% at 40MVA
1.3
Station Transformers
The Station Transformers, 1 and 2 are rated 50 Hz, 18/6.9 kV, 33/44 MVA ONAN /ONAF, ZHL=15.5% at 44MVA
1.4
Cooling Classes of Transformers
O Mineral oil
N Natural convection flow
A Air
N Natural convection
1.4.1
First Letter
Internal Cooling Medium in Contact with the Windings

Letter Definition
O Mineral oil or synthetic insulating liquid with fire point 300C
K Insulating liquid with fire point > 300C
L Insulating liquid with no measurable fire point
Page 4 of 26

1.4.2
Rev AB
Rev. 1
Second Letter
Circulation Mechanism for Internal Cooling Medium

Letter Definition
N Natural convection flow through cooling equipment and in windings
F Forced circulation through cooling equipment (i.e., coolant pumps) and natural convection
flow in windings (also called non directed flow)
D Forced circulation through cooling equipment, directed from the cooling equipment into at
least the main windings
1.4.3
Third Letter
External Cooling Medium

Letter Definition
A Air
W Water
1.4.4
Fourth Letter
Circulation Mechanism for External Cooling Medium

Letter Definition
N Natural convection
F Forced circulation [fans (air cooling) or pumps (water cooling)]
Page 5 of 26

Rev AB
Rev. 1
GENERAL DESCRIPTION
2.1
REFERENCES
Main Unit Transformers, Unit Auxiliaries Transformers and Start up Transformer. Refer to
Maintenance Procedure Manuals (HHIS-WZ-TE-100 (07) (HHIS-WZ-TE-200 (07) and (HHISWZ-TE-300 (07)
2.1.1
P& IDs
Key Single line Diagram
0-WD700-EE150-00003
Symbols and abbreviations
0-WD700-EE150-00001
Start up Transformer Protection
0-WD700-EE150-00102
STG & Unit Transformers protection and synchronising
0-WD700-EE150-00107.
2.2
SYSTEM SAFETY HAZARDS
Maintenance and repair work shall be performed exactly and on schedule to ensure constant
readiness and reliability of the product.
Authorization must be obtained from the person in charge prior to commencing maintenance
and repair work and switching off parts of the electronic system required for this.
Prior to working on assemblies, the power supply of the appropriate areas must be switched off
and secured against unauthorized switching on.
Any measures requiring power supply are expressly defined as such at the appropriate place in
the manual.
Maintenance and repair work shall be performed in accordance with the instructions in the
manual by authorized personnel.
Suitable tools, special tools if necessary, shall be used for maintenance and repair work.
Genuine spare parts only may be used to replace defective components or assemblies. The
manufacturer accepts no liability whatsoever for damage caused by using other spare parts.
The manufacturers warranty shall also be voided in such cases.
The manufacturer shall not be held liable if unauthorized changes or modifications are made to
the product and the warranty shall be voided.
Spare parts shall be stored properly prior to replacement, i.e. particularly protected against the
ingress of moisture. Defective electronic components and assemblies must be suitably packed
when despatched for repair, i.e. particularly protected against the ingress of moisture and
impact and wrapped in antistatic foil if necessary.
Inform the manufacturers service department or its representative in case of damage which
cannot be rectified by plant personnel.
On completion of maintenance and repair work, ensure that no superfluous parts (tools etc.)
remain inside the device or system.
Page 6 of 26

Rev AB
Rev. 1
On completion of repair work, the device or system must be subjected to appropriate checks to
verify functionality. Separate testing of the repaired component without system integration is
inadequate.
2.3
TRANSFORMER DESCRIPTIONS
There are three large transformers associated with each Generator.
2.3.1
Unit Main Transformers 1 and 2
Are 3 phase oil insulated transformer, cooling type ONAN/ONAF/ONAF with a rated power
180/240/320 MVA. Voltages at full load with tap changer in nominal position is 231/18 kV.
Connection is Ynd1. Neutral of H.V. windings is solidly grounded. No load tap changer will have
5 step with 2.5% each.
2.3.2
Unit Auxiliary Transformers 1 and 2
Are 3 phase oil insulated transformer, with two secondary coils, cooling type ONAN/ONAF with
a rated power 40MVA. Voltages at center tap in nominal position is 18/6,9/6,9 kV. Connection
is Dyn11yn11. On load tap changer has 8 step with 1,25% each.
2.3.3
Start up or Station Transformer 1 and 2
A 3 phase oil insulated transformer, cooling type ONAN/ONAF with a rated power 23/30
33/44MVA. Voltages at full load with tap changer in nominal position are 220/6,9 kV.
Connection shall be Ynyn0 (d1). On load tap changer has 8 step with 1,25% each. The
neutral of H.V. windings have a grounded resistor.
Page 7 of 26

Figure 1: Start up Transformer
Page 8 of 26
Rev AB
Rev. 1
Rev AB
Rev. 1

2.4
SYSTEM PARAMETERS
2.4.1
Unit Transformer
UNIT MAIN TRANSFORMERS
UNIT
DATA
Number of transformers
Manufacturer
HYUNDAI
Yes
ONAN/ONAF1 /ONAF2
MVA
180/240/320
3-phase oil immersed transformer
yes/no
Type of cooling
Rated power (cont. duty) O: Lki - ONAFI/OFAF2
Rated frequency
Hz
50
Voltages at full load and off-circuit tap changer in

nominal
kV
231 / 18
position H.V./L.V. side
H.V
Vector group and numerical index
--
YNdI
Impedance voltage (tap changer in nominal position)
12.5%@300MVA
Max. noise level at a distance of 0.3 m of max. rating
dB (A)
88
Impulse withstand voltage H.V. side
kV
(peak)
1050
kV
460
Power frequency withstand voltage H.V. side

Impulse withstand voltage L.V. side
Power frequency withstand voltage L.V. side
kV
(peak)
125
kV
50
No-load tap changer:
f%
2.5 * 2
VA
15
- Accuracy class
--
CL 3.0
- Number of cores
--
I (H2 only)
- Number of steps
- Voltage range total
Current transformers on the H.V. bushings
- Rated output
- Ratio
1000/2A(For WTI)
Page 9 of 26
Rev AB
Rev. 1

Current transformers on the L.V. bushings

VA
15
- Accuracy class
--
CL 3.0
- Number of cores
--
1 (X2 only)
- Rated output
- Ratio
1200/2A(For WTI)
Current transformers on star point (HVN)

Rated output
VA
- Accuracy class
--
5P20
- Number of cores
--
Connection on HV side
--
Star
Connection on LV. side
--
Delta
Treatment of neutral (star point) of H.V. windings
50
--
Solidly grounded
-at 100% rated voltage
kW
165
- at 105% rated voltage
kW
196
kW
235
kW
800(300MVA)
Loss
No load losses at rated frequency ;
Load loss at centre tap

-at 100% of Max. MVA load
kW
mm
I0760x7300x6912
Gross weight
Approx. 264
Transport weight
Approx. 181
Oil weight
Approx. 56.52
Auxiliary power requirements of any cooling equipment s

and others, kW
Main dimensions:
Length x width x height
IEC 60076
Applicable Codes and Standards
Routine test as per
Tests to be applied
IEC 60076
Type test as per IEC
60076
KKS No.
34BATOI
Page 10 of 26
Rev AB
Rev. 1

2.4.2
Unit Auxiliary Transformers
UNIT AUXILLIARY TRANSFORMERS
UNIT
DATA
--
Manufacturer
--
HYUNDAI
--
Yes
--
ONAN/ONAF
MVA
34 / 40
3-phase and oil transformer
yes/no
Type of cooling
Rated power (cont. duty) ONAN / ONAF
(17/20:17/20)
Rated frequency
Hz
Voltages at no load and on-load tap changer in nominal

position
kV
H.V./L.V, side
50
18/6.9/6.9
H.V
Dynl lynI 1
I Impedance voltage (tap changer in nominal position) HV-LVI
12.5% @ 40MVA
HV-LV2
12.5% ~t 40MVA
LV1-LV2
25% @ 40MVA
Max. noise level at a distance of 0.3 m according to IEC 551
dB (A)
75
Impulse withstand voltage H.Y. side
kV
(peak)
125
kV
50
kV
(peak)
75
kV
28
f%
1.25*8

On load tap changer:
- Number of steps
VA
- Rated Output
50 / 30 / 15
- Accuracy class
--
5P20 / CLO.5 I
CL3.0
- Number of cores
--
3 / I / I(H2 only)
Page 11 of 26
Rev AB
Rev. 1

- Ratio
1600-1200/5A
1600-1200/5A
2000/2A (For WTI)
Current transformers on L V. side bushings
(L.V1 /L.V2)
- Rated output
VA
15
- Accuracy class
--
CL3.0
- Number of cores
--
X2: lea, X3 : lea
- Ratio
--
Y2: lea, Y3 : lea

X2 & Y2:2400/2A
(For WTI)
X3 & Y3 : 2000/5A
(For AVR)
Current transformers on star point (LVN side)
(L.VIN / L.V2N)
- Rated output
VA
50
- Accuracy class
--
5P20
- Number of cores
--
XO : 2ea, YO : 2ca
- Ratio
--
1200/5A
Connection on H.V, side
--
Delta
Connection on LV, side
Star
Loss
No load losses at rated frequency
kW
30
at 105% rated voltage
kW
36
at 1 10% rated voltage
kW
45
kW
205
at 100% rated voltage
Load loss at central tap;

- at 100% of Max. MVA load
Auxiliary power requirements of any cooling equipments
and others, kW
kW
2
Maximum dimensions:
Length x width x height
mm
Page 12 of 26
Rev AB
Rev. 1

Gross weight
69.87
Transport weight
46
Oil weight
15.57
IEC 60076
Tests to be applied
Routine test as per

IEC 60076
Type test as per I
EC
60076
KKS No.
2.4.3
34BBT01
Start up or Station Transformer
START-UP TRANSFORMER
UNIT
DATA
HYUNDAI
Manufacturer
3-phase and oil transformer
Yes
yes/no
ONAN/ONAF
Type of cooling
MVA
Rated power (cont. duty) ONAN/ONAF
33 / 44
(16.5/22: 16.5/22)
Rated frequency
Hz
50
Voltages at full load and on-load tap changer in

nominal position H.V./L.V. side
kV
220 / 6.9 / 6.9

H.V

Impedance
position)
voltage
(tap
YNyn0yn0(d1)
changer in nominal
HV-LV I
%
15.5% @ 44MVA
15.5% 44MVA
31%@44MVA
dB (A)
79
kV (peak)
1050
kV
460
kV (peak)
75
kV
28
HV-LV2
LVI-LV2 Max.
noise level at a distance of 0.3 m according to IEC
551
Impulse withstand voltage H.V. side
On-load tap changer:
Page 13 of 26
Rev AB
Rev. 1

- Number of steps
1.25 * 8
VA
15

- Rated output
- Accuracy class
CL 3.0
- Number of cores
I (H2 only) (160/2A,

For WTI)
Current transformers on star point H.V. side
H.V.N
- Rated output
VA
- Accuracy class
5P20
- Number of cores
VA
- Ratio
1
1600-1200-800/5A
Current transformers on the L.V. bushings
(L.VI / L.V2)
- Rated output
15
Accuracy class -Number of cores
50
CL3.
X2: lea, X3 : lea 0

Y2: lea, Y3 : lea
Ratio
X2 & Y2: 2400/2A

(For WTI)
VA
X3 & Y3: 2000/5A

(For AVR)
Current transformers on star point L.V. side
(L.VIN / L.V2N)
- Rated output
50
- Accuracy class
5P20
- Number of cores
--
- Ratio
X0 : lea, YO : lea
1200/5A
Current transformers between tertiary winding

and earth point
- Rated output
VA
N/A
- Accuracy class
--
N/A
__
N/A
- Number of cores
Page 14 of 26
Rev AB
Rev. 1

- Ratio
--
N/A
Connection on H.V. side
--
Star
Connection on L.V. side
--
Star
Treatment of neutral (star points) of L.V.

windings
--
Resistor
grounded
Loss
No load losses at rated frequency ;
kW
44
kW
52
kW
63
kW
240
kW
Load loss at central tap

- at 100% of Max. MVA load
Auxiliary power requirements of any cooling
equipments and others, kW
Main dimensions:
Length x width x height (excluding N.G.R)
mm
7640x5992x6054
Gross weight
105
Transport weight
79.5
Oil weight
35.55
IEC 60076
Tests to be applied
Routine
per
test
as
IEC 60076
Type test as per
IEC
60076
KKS No.
--
Page 15 of 26
34BCT01
Rev AB
Rev. 1

AUTOMATIC VOLTAGE REGULATOR

Number of AVR
--
Relay type
--
Rating of voltage transformer
Rating of current transformer

Rated frequency
Sensitivity (of transformer voltage)
Response time (referred to 17. deviation from
derived value)
2
TAPCON 230
TR rated volt/
(85-140V)
Tr rated current /
Hz
0.2/ l l5 A
40-60
Measuring error
Min
<0.3
Delay time T1
0-1805, Linear or
inverse response
selectable.
Range of set point adjustment

Over voltage max.
% Un
101 - 130
Under voltage min.
% Un
70-99
% In
50 - 210
115 V ac
Over current max.

Auxiliary voltage AC/DC
(+25%- 35%)
Voltage Drop Compensation
Special requirement:
1Un
0-15%
Yes/No
Yes
Suitable for mounting in air-conditioned

Yes
Switchgear room
IEC, EN, VDE
Tests to be applied
As per IEC, EN,

VDE
2.5
2.5.1
OTHER SYSTEM COMPONENTS

Oil and Winding temperature indicators
Two temperature indicators are provided to monitor the winding temperature and one for the oil
temperature. They are of the fluid expansion type and the sensitive bulbs are immersed in oilfilled pockets on the tank cover. Both instruments are situated in the transformer cooling control
panel and each is calibrated 0-150C respectively and fitted with a maximum pointer.
The winding temperature indicator is arranged to record the hottest spot in the winding by
having a heater coil on the instrument bellows supplied from a current transformer inside the
Page 16 of 26

Rev AB
Rev. 1
transformer tank. The resistor shunting the heater coil is preset so that the heater coil increases
the instrument reading above the top oil temperature by an amount equal to the winding
gradient plus 10%. The reading is the winding hot-spot temperature.
The winding temperature indicator has three switches, one for normal alarm, one for urgent
alarm and the other for cooler control. (the cooler control switch is not currently utilised.)
The oil temperature indicator is fitted with two switches for connection in the alarm circuits.
2.5.2
Pressure Relief Valves
Pressure relief valves are fitted on each transformer, two on the main tank and one on the
diverter switch tank. These perform similar duty to the explosion vents found on older style
equipment. The pressure relief device is essentially a spring-loaded valve having a unique
means of providing instantaneous amplification of actuation force. They are valves of large
bore, high volume which lift cleanly and rapidly when set pressure is reached, and close tight
when pressure is relieved.
Each valve is fitted with a bright colour coded mechanical indicator pin in the valve cover.
Although the pin is not fastened to the valve disc, it moves with it during operation and remains
protruding from the valve cover after the valve has re-seated. The pins are clearly visible from
ground level indicating that the relief valve has operated. The pin may be reset manually by
pushing it back in until it rests on the valve disc. Both valves on the main tank are connected
directly to unit trip circuits.
The valve on the diverter tank is connected to a flagged repeat relay in the control cubicle. The
repeat relay is connected to unit trip circuits and to an alarm.
2.5.3
Buchholz Relays
These are of a single chamber, double element construction.

The relays consists of an oil tight chamber fitted with two pivoted elements situated in the pipe
between the transformer and the conservator tank and therefore, under normal conditions, full
of transformer oil. The upper element responds to the accumulation of gas and the lower
element responds to surge of oil out of the transformer. Both relays are fitted with Aseismatic
contacts as an enhancement against severe vibration as may be experienced during
earthquake.
When the Buchholz relay is full of oil, both elements appear to lose weight. The switch cylinder
appears to lose enough weight to enable a counterbalance weight to predominate and rotate
the element until it reaches a stop where the switch is in the open circuit position. When a slight
or incipient fault occurs in the transformer, the gas generated will collect ion the top of the relay
housing. As the gas collects, the oil level will gradually fall and increasing amounts of the alarm
switch cylinder will appear above the oil level. This results in the gradual restoration of the
apparent lost weight, until weight of the switch cylinder predominates. The switch element
continues to rotate as the oil level continues to fall and eventually the alarm switch operates. In
such an event, great care would be necessary in topping up the oil, to avoid any surge that may
operate the trip element.
When a serious fault occurs, the generation of gas is so rapid that an oil surge is set up through
the relay. This oil flow will impinge on the flap fitted to the trip element causing it to rotate about
it axis so bringing the switch to the closed circuit position, this in turn transmits a signal to the
unit protection system which will initiate a unit trip.
Page 17 of 26

2.5.4
Rev AB
Rev. 1
Transformer Protection
Protection circuits are divided into two groups - Protection A and Protection B.
The Transformer protections are incorporated into the Generator Protection System and
consists of a fully duplicated integrated system employing Siemens numerical protection relays.
The Siemens relays and other hardware are contained in cubicles within the control room
complex.
The A and B protection schemes are essentially identical, both in the type of equipment used
and functions provided. Unless otherwise specified, descriptions of the protection system will
apply to both A and B protection.
The functions provided by the generator protection system fall into two categories. The first are
systems intended to sense the onset of operating conditions that could damage the plant. The
second are systems intended to limit damage once insulation failure has occurred. The former
category includes overfluxing, overcurrent, field failure, and negative phase sequence. The
latter includes earth fault, interturn, Buchholz, instantaneous overcurrent, differential, local
backup, Qualitrol pressure relief.
2.5.5
Unit Auxiliary Transformers Differential and HV Over Current
The Unit Auxiliaries Transformer differential and high voltage overcurrent are two separate
protection schemes but are incorporated into the same relay unit.
An electrical fault on the 18 kV side of the unit auxiliaries transformers has a high current
magnitude and requires an immediate trip of the unit in order to limit the damage to the
transformers. These are phase to phase faults and earth faults on the windings, interturn faults,
core faults due to lamination insulation failure, failure of the cooling system and tank faults
causing loss of oil and dangerous conditions. A fault, external to the transformers, if not cleared
quickly, will cause overheating and mechanical stress.
The Unit Auxiliary Transformer differential protection and HV Over-Current protection relays
acquire their inputs from current transformers located at both transformers HV 18kV
connections and current transformers on the incoming cables to the respective 6.9 kV Unit
Auxiliaries Switchgear
The relay pickup level for the high voltage over current (HV O/C) is set above that of the
downstream or low voltage over current (LV O/C) protection on the 6.9 kV side of the
transformer. This is to provide discrimination for downstream faults (LV O/C) that could occur at
the 6.9kV unit auxiliaries switchgear.
Each phase is compared with the limit value and relay pick up is indicated for each phase when
this value is exceeded. This starts the phase dedicated timer and after the appropriate time has
elapsed, a trip signal is initiated.
The protection relay contains two stages, a definite time stage and a high set stage. The HV
overcurrent protection definite time setting is set at 0.65 seconds and the high set setting is
instantaneous.
Page 18 of 26

2.5.6
Rev AB
Rev. 1
Unit Main Transformer
Similar differential protection and high voltage Overcurrent protection is supplied for both the
Unit and Station Transformers.
Page 19 of 26

Rev AB
Rev. 1
SYSTEM OPERATION
3.1
PURPOSE AND SCOPE
The Main Unit Transformers are used to increase the generated voltage to the transmission
voltage for the export of power to the grid. The Start up or Station Transformer, supplies the
station and the unit auxiliaries from the grid when the turbogenerator is out of service or
returning to service. The Unit Auxiliaries Transformer supplies the Units auxiliary power when
the generator is in service.
3.2
OPERATIONAL OUTLINE
The three transformers normally operate continuously in service. If they are being returned to
service following an outage they must be done so by using specifically designed switching
instructions approved by the stations chief electrical engineer.
In service transformers should be inspected twice a day paying particular attention to the
following points suggested in the normal operation checks.
3.3
SYSTEM NORMAL OPERATION
Refer to Operation Procedures for more detailed information.
ITEMS
1
CONTENTS AND NOTES
Transformer temperature and load
1) Check and record oil and winding

temperature
2)Record ambient temperature, load
(MW.MVAR) and voltage
Oil level .
1) Check oil level gauges
Noise
1) Check for abnormal sounds
Loose connections
1) Check for loose connections such as

those found in main circuits, grounding
circuits, auxiliary circuits and others.
2) Check valves for looseness
Oil leakage
1) Check for oil leaks in connections such as

those of valves, meter especially in gaskets
joints and welded parts.
Dehydrating breather
1) Pay attention to the discoloration of the

abnormal,
2) Check the level of the sealing oil in oil cup
Cooling equipment
1) Check for leaks

2) Check for abnormal rotating sounds and
vibration
Page 20 of 26
Rev AB
Rev. 1

Bushing
1) If the bushing is provided with an oil level

gauge, check oil level and check for oil
leaks.
2) Evaluate the extent of the porcelain
contamination by appropriate method
3.4
Instrument
1) Check indicators and relays.
SYSTEM START UP
The transformers normally operate continuously in service. If they are being returned to service
following an outage, the only checks necessary are to ensure that there are no uncleared alarm
conditions. This presumes that maintenance guidelines for restoration have all been performed.
These would include, but not be limited to:
a. Buchholz relay clear of gas and reset
a. dissolved gas and water content of oil satisfactory
b. oil level in conservator satisfactory
c.
3.5
OTI and WTI registering near ambient temperature
SYSTEM SHUT DOWN
Unless the transformer trips with a fault and the protection shuts the system down, the
transformers should only be taken out of service following specifically designed switching
instructions approved by the stations chief electrical engineer.
Refer to Operation Procedures for more detailed information.
3.6
ALARMS
Protective accessories and pre-set values

Protective accessories listed in the Table are installed on the transformers. Pre-set values of
their alarm and trip contacts are also shown.
If any troubles occur or alarm and trip signals are detected, counter measures should be taken
according to the "trouble shooting" which is shown on the operation and maintenance manual.
No
Name of
Pre-set values
protective accessories
Alarm
Trip
Volume of gas : 200a'
Oil velocity : 1.1 m/sec.

Oil velocity : 1.2m/sec.
Buchholz relay
Protective relay for OLTC
Oil temperature indicator
95'C
105 C
Winding Temp. Indicator
110C
120C
Page 21 of 26
Rev AB
Rev. 1

Oil level indicator for main tank
Low oil level
Low-Low oil level,
Oil level indicator For OLTC
Low oil level
Low-Low oil level
Pressure relief device for main tank
0.7Kg/cm`
0.7Kg/cm
The pre-set values may be changed according to the applied accessories and the site
conditions.
3.7
EMERGENCY MEASURES
Abnormal condition
Gas accumulation,
Buchholz relay 1st stage
Cause
Internal discharge (Light
fault)
Action
Extracting the gas in
the Buchholz relay
Diagnosis
Gas analysis
Electrical test
(insulation resistance,
winding resistance,
voltage ratio, exciting
current.) Gas analysis
Internal discharge (Heavy

fault)
Trip transformer
Pressure relief
Internal discharge
Trip transformer
Ditto
Differential
Internal discharge
Trip transformer
Ditto
Reduce transformer
load
Check for the

transformer load and
the cooler
Oil surge,
Buchholz relay 2nd stage
Inrush current
Oil temperature high
st
1 stage-Alarm
Overload
Cooler trouble
2nd stage-Trip
Winding temperature high
1st stage Alarm
operation
Overload
Ditto
Ditto
Trip transformer
Check for the operation

of other protective
devices (Buchholz relay,
pressure relief device
etc.)
Fill oil
Check for the oil leak of

conservator and the
Cooler trouble
2nd stage- Trip

Earth fault
Internal earth fault

External earth fault
Oil level low
Oil leak
oil tight parts

No oil flow
Pump or oil flow indicator

trouble
Reduce the load

and stopping of
cooler
Page 22 of 26
Check for the

operation of oil pump
Rev AB
Rev. 1

Motor drive can not be

operated electrically
Disconnect voltage
supply
Check supply feeders
SYSTEM POWER SUPPLY LINE UP CHECK LIST
Switching to energise these transformers must be carried out with step by step switching
instructions which have been approved by the stations chief electrical engineer.
SYSTEM VALVE POWER SUPPLY LINE UP CHECK LIST
The following valves must be closed and remain closed before and when the transformer is
energised:Oil drain and lower filtering valve
Upper filtering valve
Oil drain valve for main conservator
Oil drain valve for HV bushing chamber
Oil drain valve for radiator bank
Oil sampling valve
Isolating valve for radiator
Isolating valve for radiator bank
Isolating valve for main conservator
Isolating valve for HV bushing chamber
Isolating valve for each phase of HV bushing chamber
Oil filling & vacuum valve for HV bushing chamber
Air release plug for radiator
Air release plug for radiator bank
Oil drain plug for radiator
Vacuum valve for main conservator
Page 23 of 26
Rev AB
Rev. 1

DEFINITION OF TERMS (ABBREVIATIONS)
MW
Megawatt
ONAN
Oil Natural Air natural
MVAR
Mega volt amp reactive
ONAF
Oil Natural Air forced (fan)
MVA
Mega Volt Amps
OFAF
Oil forced (pump) plus Air forced
ON
Oil natural
WTI
Winding temperature indicator
OF
Oil forced
OTI
Oil temperature indicator
HV
High Voltage
LV
Low voltage
AC
ALTERNATING CURRENT
MCC
MOTOR CONTROL CENTER
ACB
AIR CIRCUIT BREAKER
MP
METERING PANEL
AL
ALARM CONTRACT OF MCCB
MV
MEDIUM VOLTAGE
ATS
AUTOMATIC TRANSFER SWITCH
MVR
MANUAL VOLTAGE REGULATOR
APR
AUXILIARY RELAY PANEL
NC
NORMALLY CLOSED
AVR
AUTOMATIC VOLTAGE REGULATOR
NLTC
NO LOAD TAP CHANGER
AX
AUXILIARY CONTACT OF MCCB
NO
NORMALLY OPEN
BCT
BUSHING CURRENT TRANSFORMER
OLTC
ON LOAD TAP CHANGER
CCR
CENTRAL CONTROL ROOM
PDB
POWER DISTRIBUTION BOARD
DC
DIRECT CURRENT
PF
POWER FACTOR
DCS
DISTRIBUTED CONTROL SYSTEM
PT
POTENTIAL TRANSFORMER
DGU
DIESEL GENERA TOR UNIT
RTD
RESISTANCE TEMPERATURE
DETECTOR
DR
DISCHARGE RESISTOR
SHT
SHUNT TRIP MODULE
EOCR
ELECTRONIC OVERCURRENT RELAY
SPP
STEAM POWER PLANT
GCB
SF6 GAS CIRCUIT BREAKER
ST
STEAM TURBINE
GIS
GAS(SF6) INSULATED SWITCH GEAR
STG
STEAM TURBINE GENERA TOR
GPR
GENERATOR PROTECTION RELAY

PANEL
SWGR
SWITCHGEAR
Page 24 of 26
Rev AB
Rev. 1

GT
GAS TURBINE
STS
STATI C TR ANSFER SWI TCH
GTG
GAS TURBINE GENERA TOR
SYN
SYNCHRONIZING
HSBT
HIGHT SPEED
ISOLATED
IPB
ISOLTED PHASE BUS DUCT
TCS
TRIP CIRCUIT SUPERVISION
LDC
LOAD DISPATCH CENTER
UPS
UNINTERRUPTIBLE POWER
SUPPLY
LED
LIGHT EMITTING DIODE
UVT
UNIT UNDERVOA T AGE TRIP

MODULE
MCB
MINIATURE CIRCUIT BREAKER
VCB
VACUUM CIRCUIT BREAKER
VCS
VACUUM CIRCUIT SWITCH
BUS
TRANSFER TC
MCCB MOULDED CASE CIRCUIT BREAKER
Page 25 of 26
THERMOCOUPLE

Rev AB
Rev. 1
SYSTEM MAINTENANCE OVERVIEW
All Transformers
The transformer insulation will be deteriorated over a period of time even if the transformer has
not been subjected to any accidental fault. The life of transformer is considered the same as the
life of insulating material in the transformer tank. The Maintenance Procedure Manuals
0-WD710-EE158-20055 & 0-WD710-EE158-20115 tell what inspection
methods should be taken in order to prevent a premature insulation to break down.
7.1
Major Components Maintenance Procedures
Refer to Maintenance part of Doc No. 0-WD710-EE158-20062 in the folder 4E03

Transformer attached vendor O&M Manual.
7.2
Maintenance Manual Valve List System

7.3
Maintenance Manual Recommended Spare Parts for System
Refer to 9S01 spare parts lists attached vendor O&M Manual
7.4
Maintenance Manual OEM Documents

7.5
Maintenance Manual Drawings

Page 26 of 26

Section E Volume 07 HV Transformers

Încărcat de

Informații document

Drepturi de autor

Formate disponibile

Partajați acest document

Partajați sau inserați document

Opțiuni de partajare

Vi se pare util acest document?

Este necorespunzător acest conținut?

Drepturi de autor:

Formate disponibile

Section E Volume 07 HV Transformers

Încărcat de

Drepturi de autor:

Formate disponibile

Angamos Thermoelectric Power Plant

Operation and Maintenance Manual Section E Volume 7

Yokogawa Power Services (TechComm)

Angamos Thermoelectric Power Plant

Main Unit Transformers.................................................................... 4

Unit Auxiliary Transformers............................................................. 4

Cooling Classes of Transformers ................................................... 4

1.4.1 First Letter ...................................................................................... 4

GENERAL DESCRIPTION ........................................................................ 6

2.1.1 P& IDs ........................................................................................... 6

SYSTEM SAFETY HAZARDS ........................................................... 6

TRANSFORMER DESCRIPTIONS .................................................... 7

2.3.1 Unit Main Transformers 1 and 2 ..................................................... 7

SYSTEM PARAMETERS ................................................................... 9

2.4.1 Unit Transformer ............................................................................ 9

OTHER SYSTEM COMPONENTS................................................... 16

2.5.1 Oil and Winding temperature indicators ....................................... 16

PURPOSE AND SCOPE .................................................................. 20

OPERATIONAL OUTLINE ............................................................... 20

SYSTEM NORMAL OPERATION .................................................... 20

Yokogawa Power Services (TechComm)

Angamos Thermoelectric Power Plant

SYSTEM START UP ........................................................................ 21

SYSTEM SHUT DOWN .................................................................... 21

EMERGENCY MEASURES ............................................................. 22

SYSTEM POWER SUPPLY LINE UP CHECK LIST............................... 23

SYSTEM VALVE POWER SUPPLY LINE UP CHECK LIST .................. 23

DEFINITION OF TERMS (ABBREVIATIONS) ........................................ 24

SYSTEM MAINTENANCE OVERVIEW .................................................. 26

Major Components Maintenance Procedures .............................. 26

Maintenance Manual Valve List System ....................................... 26

Maintenance Manual Recommended Spare Parts for System.... 26

Maintenance Manual OEM Documents ......................................... 26

Maintenance Manual Drawings...................................................... 26

Yokogawa Power Services (TechComm)

Angamos Thermoelectric Power Plant

Main Unit Transformers

Unit Auxiliary Transformers

Cooling Classes of Transformers

Internal Cooling Medium in Contact with the Windings

Yokogawa Power Services (TechComm)

Angamos Thermoelectric Power Plant

Circulation Mechanism for Internal Cooling Medium

External Cooling Medium

Circulation Mechanism for External Cooling Medium

Yokogawa Power Services (TechComm)

Angamos Thermoelectric Power Plant

Key Single line Diagram

Symbols and abbreviations

Start up Transformer Protection

STG & Unit Transformers protection and synchronising

SYSTEM SAFETY HAZARDS

Yokogawa Power Services (TechComm)

Angamos Thermoelectric Power Plant

There are three large transformers associated with each Generator.

Unit Main Transformers 1 and 2

Unit Auxiliary Transformers 1 and 2

Start up or Station Transformer 1 and 2

Yokogawa Power Services (TechComm)

Angamos Thermoelectric Power Plant

Figure 1: Start up Transformer

Yokogawa Power Services (TechComm)

Angamos Thermoelectric Power Plant

UNIT MAIN TRANSFORMERS