NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL

Monterey, California

NAT^l^n
COMPOSITE MATERIAL
REPAIR AND RELIABILITY
by

Shmuel Maman

mm

March 1989
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Wu

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Composite Material Repair and Reliability

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Abstract (continue on reverse

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necessary and identify by block number)

Finite element and stress analysis; reliability calculation

Subgroup

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necessary and identify by block number

Composite structure repair methodology has been developed to specific applications (typically in small area
and limited to secondary structure) and is being extended to Large Area Composite Structure Repair (with
target extension to primary structures). Therefore, the repair becomes more critical because we get
redistribution of stresses that can also affect the zones outside of the repair area. For this reason, an
analytic evaluation of the repair's reliability has to be performed to define a parameter which reflects on the
effectiveness of the repair.
In this

work, we establish

a principal

guideline to evaluate the redundancy and compare the reliability of the

(i.e., the structure in the undamaged state). The approach

adopted is to utilize structural finite element analysis to compute the state of stress at all the spatial
elements of structure of the damaged state and of the candidate repaired state. The reliability of these two
spatially non-uniform stresses is computed by a probabilistic failure criterion. Thus, we can optimize the
repair configuration by varying the strength and the stiffness of any element in the repair site by varying
lamination angles, and selectively using hybrid materials.

repair to the reliability of the parent structure

20

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Edward M.

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Composite Material Repair and

Reliability

by

Shmuel Maman
Major, Israeli Air Force
B.S., Ben-Gurion University, Beer-sheva, Israel, 1976

Submitted in partial fulfillment of the

requirements for the degree of

MASTER OF SCIENCE

IN

MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

from the

NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL

March 1989

ABSTRACT
Composite structure repair methodology has been developed
specific applications (typically in small area

structure)

and

is

and limited

to

to

secondary

being extended to Large Area Composite Structure

Repair (with target extension to primary structures). Therefore, the

repair

becomes more

critical

because we get redistribution of stresses

that can also affect the zones outside of the repair area. For this reason,

an

analytic evaluation of the repair's reliability has to be performed to

define a parameter
In this work,

which

we

establish a principal guideline to evaluate the

redundancy and compare the

of the parent structure

The approach adopted

compute the
the

damaged

of these

on the effectiveness of the repair.

reflects

(i.e.,

reliability of

the repair to the reliability

the structure in the

is to utilize

undamaged

state).

structural finite element analysis to

state of stress at all the spatial elements of structure of

state

and

of the candidate repaired state.

two spatially non-uniform stresses

istic failure criterion.

is

The

reliability

computed by a probabil-

Thus, we can optimize the repair configuration by

varying the strength and the stiffness of any element in the repair

by varying lamination angles, and

selectively

in

using hybrid materials.

site

'

TABLE OF CONTENTS
I.

II.

III.

IV.

INTRODUCTION

BACKGROUND

STRUCTURAL REPAIR DESIGN

STRUCTURAL REPAIR APPROACH.

GENERAL CONCEPT

FUNCTIONALITY AND RELIABILITY

CONSIDERATION

11

D TRADE OFF

STRUCTURAL RELIABILITY (CONCEPT)

15

GENERAL CONCEPT

15

FAILURE MODEL- WEIBULL DISTRIBUTION

17

SIZE- EFFECT

REPAIR METHODOLOGY

TYPICAL REPAIR REQUIREMENT

21

CONFIGURATIONS FOR REPAIR

22

1.

Parent Structure Configuration

22

2.

Damage

23

3.

Repair Configuration

Structure Configuration

23

IV

OHOOL

C.

V.

FINITE

ELEMENT APPLICATION

23

METHODOLOGY FORMULATION

26

ONE-DIMENSIONAL EXAMPLE

27

B.

TWO-DIMENSIONAL EXAMPLE

30

C.

ANALYSIS IN THREE DIMENSIONS

33

D.

SUMMARY.

34
35

CONCLUSIONS

VI.

APPENDIX A

DESCRIPTION OFADINA

37

APPENDIX B

VERIFICATION PROBLEM

APPENDIX C

POST-PROCESSOR PROGRAMS

46

APPENDIX D

APPLICATIONS

93

LIST

OF REFERENCES

INITIAL DISTRIBUTION LIST

152

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
I

would

for his

like to

express sincere thanks to Professor Edward M.

guidance and encouragement.

Wu

have benefited enormously from

his technical assistance.

I

would also

Michal, and

my

like

to

express

pretty children,

my

heartfelt

thanks

Hadas and Etay,

encouragement.

VI

to

my

for their love

wife,

and

I.

INTRODUCTION

BACKGROUND

A.

Composite materials are being

utilized for

commercial and

mili-

tary applications. Their combination of superior mechanical properties

(especially the redundancy), design versatility,

make them

and low mass density

attractive structural materials. Principal applications of

composites have been on

aircraft,

especially on fixed-wing aircraft

F-18. F-16, F-15, F-14).

(e.g.,

As the structural use

procedures

to repair

grams have

bee

[Ref.

1].

of

composite material on aircraft increases,

damage become

essential.

Composite repair pro-

n undertaken both by commercial and military sources

Repair concepts have been developed which include bolted

patches repairs and bonded patches repairs. At the beginning, the

repair technology
ited to

was

targeted for specific applications, typically lim-

small areas in secondary structures. More recently, repair

techniques have been extended to larger areas, with target extension

to

primary structures (which inherently have high strength and dura-

bility

requirements). The particular techniques developed to repair a

given

component are dependent on the

and the

availability of specific facilities

level of structural integrity.

Under Reference
repair configurations.

1,

repair procedures were developed for two

The configurations that were considered are a

scarf inclusion and an external patch.

portable repair kit

was

developed to provide

vacuum pressure and heat

in

an integral rubber

blanket. These techniques permit repairs, verified by testing, that are

capable of restoring between 80 percent and 100 percent of the parent laminate ultimate allowable loading.

STRUCTURAL REPAIR DESIGN

B.

Repair methodology development through testing has several

inherent limitations. Only a specific structural configuration can be

examined and optimized

for variation of repair configuration in

of the resultant effectiveness.

large

number

terms

of experiments are fre-

quently impractical due to economic and time constraints. This calls

the establishment of an analytical principle to guide repair

for

optimization.
In designing repair of
is

known and

composite structures, the external loading

the objective

is

to restore the structural

while recovering the overall structural

reliability,

functionality

which includes both

the repair and the parent structure. The stiffness of the repair seg-

ment and the strength

of its

attachment

may

both influence the overall

structural reliability by altering the state of stresses in the parent

structure. Thus,

a repair

segment with high

attachment may cause structural

stiffness

failure elsewhere,

strong repair but a weaker overall structure.

On

and strong

resulting in a

the other hand, a

repair with proper stiffness but with insufficient attachment strength

may

fail

in the attachment, also resulting in a

low structural

reliability.

For these reasons, an appropriate repair methodology for restoring the functionality

and recovering the maximum

reliability

has

to

be

identified.

The

joint reliability of the structure the repair segment,

the attachment, and the parent structure

considered by computing the

respective stress states.

The

reliability of

must be simultaneously

each part associated with

joint reliability of the structure

its

can be

used as a parameter which characterizes the overall effectiveness

of

the repair. Based on this parameter, any general configuration of

structure and repair can

now be

evaluated and optimized.

This investigation identifies and outlines the principal steps associated with

such an analytical optimization

of general structural repair.

II.

STRUCTURAL REPAIR APPROACH

GENERAL CONCEPT

A.

vital attribute of

composite materials

In order to identify the appropriate repair

structures, the underlying

The

is

structural redundancy.

methodology

for

composite

redundancy must be considered.

objective of repair is to restore the redundancy, even at the

expense of increasing the stresses. In other words, our goal

restore the functionality

The

the whole structure.

needs

be considered

to

by the damage, and

and

to

maximize the recoverable

effect of the repair

(i.e.,

to

reliability of

on the entire structure

the redistribution of the stresses caused

later the repair itself

ure

to a different location).

B.

FUNCTIONALITY AND RELIABILITY

which may transfer the

To restore the functionality, elements such as the type of

component and aerodynamic (smoothness) need

From

is

to

fail-

aircraft

be examined.

the strength theory for composite materials, the

main

fac-

tors that are peculiar to laminate strength analysis (neglecting the

thermal

effects) are:

laminae strength

laminae stiffness

laminae orientation

laminae thickness

stacking sequence

Thus,

for restoring the reliability (redundancy),

we need

to opti-

mize the patch stiffness through the materials selection and the lay-up
orientation (including stacking sequence), together with different lapjoint configurations (scarf,

optimization objective

is

step,

or external patch). Moreover, the

to achieve equal reliability in the

parent

and the repair patch, thereby

structure, the joint (the adhesive),

achieving the highest possible total reliability for the entire structure.

Upon

the development of analytical computation

methods

for the joint

may

optimal repair configuration

reliability of the entire structure, the

be analytically sought by "iterating the choice of material (including

hybrids),

the

orientations

configurations." Figure 2.1

is

the

of

repair

patch,

and the joint

an example.

composite material structure with a repaired area

is

subjected

to a

complex loading, as shown

ity,

the stresses in each spatial location need to be determined

through the

elastic field

Due

and material

stiffness

This example

is

in Figure 2.1.

To evaluate the

iterations.

a boundary value problem, and for that the linear

equations must be satisfied (see Ref.

to the external load

boundary equation

is

2).

DYsurface traction

(ay) is

vector),

the stress

considered,

T. = o\ v

where

reliabil-

l,

the normal and shear stress components and

unit outer normal vector to the surface.

x, y, z

(2.1)

(Vj)

is

the

H,y

(b)

(c)

Figure 2.1. Typical Repaired Structure

Due
defined

the strain-displacement relations are

the kinematics,

to

small displacements):

(for

2V

1J

where

(ey) is

the strain components and U{

is

1,

x, y, z

(2.2]

the displacement.

Substituting the strains into the constitutive relation,

where Cyim

is

"

ij

ijta

e im

i,

j,

1,

x, y, z

(2.3)

the stiffness matrix.

Hence, the resulting stresses are determined by satisfying the

equilibrium equation,

where

Xj is the

Now.
stiffness

recall

body

l,

x, y. z

(2.4)

force (usually ignored in the analysis).

from the constitutive relation (equation 2.3) that the

matrix (Cyim) characterizes the material property. In contrast

to isotropic material,

where the

stiffness consists of

two independent

constants, and more importantly, the stresses are continuous, in an

orthotropic composite material the stiffness matrix consists of nine

independent constants, which reduce

to five for special orthotropic

orientation (because with respect to material properties

are equivalent). In a laminate,

the structural axes and there

when
is

Z and Y axes

the material principal axes are off

symmetry about

z = 0, the stiffness

matrix consists of 13 independent constants. Moreover, the stresses

are continuous across the thickness

of the

and the

(t),

stiffness is a function

lamina orientation and the stacking sequence.

For a thin lamina under plane stress, the constitutive relation can

be expressed as

The

[Ref. 2]:

stress-strain relation
f

a.

a XV

is

Wll

W12

16

12

=22

26

LQie Q 2 e

9 66

where the Qy, the so-called reduced

e
e

y
xy

(2.5)

stiffnesses, are the

Cyim

stiff-

nesses specialized for plane stress condition in an orthotropic material,

and written

in contracted notation

The stress-strain
later (for

FEM)

to the

1, 2,

6).

and

n th element,

i,

}=U e .}
= x,

y, z r, s

1, 2,

the laminate plate theory [Ref.

force acting

relation can be related to the k th lamina,

From

(i,

on the laminate shown

2],

(2.6)

the resultant external

in Figure 2.2 is obtained

by

inte-

gration of the stress in each lamina through the laminate thickness.

For example.

N X =J a x dz
2
t

=
J

a x zdz
(2.7)

where N x

is

the force per unit length of the cross-section of the lami-

nate. Similarly,

Mx

is

moment

per unit length.

g&rf^pGMoments

Figure 2.2. In-Plane Forces and

Finally,

by substituting equations 2.5 and 2.2

and summing the forces

and the moments (My)

(Ny)

structure, the following relations are derived [Ref.

{NJ=[A ]{^} +
rs

{M }=[B
iJ

rs

[B

rs]{

]{ J + [D rs ]{k }
lj

in

rs

X(Qrs)

(Z

-Z k -i)

k=l

B rs

iL(Q

TS )

(zj-z^j)

k=l

rs

= jZ(Qrs) (Zj-Zj.,)
k=l

for the

whole

2].

kJ

where

into equation 2.7,

(2.8)

w
Hx 5
9

kX
ky

w,

= -<

ay

k XV
*

"

(2.9)

3x3y

and ky are middle surface values

(not functions of

strain component, ky is the curvature,

and wo

the middle surface in the z direction,

the thickness

is

laminate

is

B rs

is

symmetrical), and

is

A rs

is

and Zk

is

called the

bending

Therefore, the stiffness in composite material

is

called the

called coupling stiffness (B rs =

D rs

the

the displacement of

is

defined in Figure 2.1(c). In equations 2.8 and 2.9,

extensional stiffness,

z),

if

the

stiffness.

not dependent

is

only on the material stiffness (Q r s) but also on the laminae thickness

(t

= Zk - Zk -

(Qrs)

1)

and the stacking sequence

changes due

to the orientation of the

(zk).

The

stiffness matrix

laminae as

it

corresponds

to the structure coordinates.

In short, to iterate the material stiffness for determining stresses,

numerous independent parameters

configuration

is

are involved.

The parent structure

given (the stiffnesses are known). But in addition, in

composite repair, two configurations are concurrently being consid-

eredthe parent structure and the repair (shown

in Figure 2.1). For

each of those configurations, the stresses must be evaluated and by the

constitutive relation (equation 2.3) they
aries. Before repairing the

must match

in their

bound-

damage, the parent structure with a "hole"

configuration needs to be iterated, and then the repaired structure

10

configuration.
stresses,

optimal

spatial

is

as can be done for isotropic material). Thus, by calculat-

ing the total reliability from the state of stresses,

tified

non-homogeneous

impractical to a priori determine which configuration

it is

(i.e.,

Through the resulting

parameters into one single parameter

we

unify

all

the iden-

for optimizing the repair

configuration.

C.

CONSIDERATION
In this

investigation,

repaired structure
effectiveness
reliability,

and

is

must be

we assume
the

same as

that the functionality of a

before damage, so the repair

measured by the post-repair

reliability.

To evaluate the

comparisons of the structure before damage, before repair,

after the repair

need

Parent
structure

to

be done (see Figure

Damaged
structure

2.3).

Repaired
structure

R>R
R'>R"<<R'

Figure 2.3. Repair Configurations

11

The merits

of the different elements of design of the repair

can

be consolidated into one single unified parameter and measured by the

structural reliability.

From

the general concept of reliability, the

failures is associated with the

dom

variable).

magnitude of the stress

level (the ran-

can be computed

if

The quantitative probability of

the cumulative distribution of failure

known. For a structure under non-uniform stress

neous

of probable

For a structure of given dimensions, the higher the stress

level the higher the probability of failure.

failure

number

stress), the structure

may

is

(spatial heteroge-

be visualized as being divided into

contiguous geometric elements within which the stresses are uniform.

The

each element corresponds

reliability of

to the respective stress

magnitude of that element. Equivalently, the magnitude

of the stress at

each spatial location of the structure can be thought of as being

mapped

into a respective point

stress analysis).

bounded by the
be

safe, as

If all

the stress magnitudes are within the

strengths, then the entire structure

shown

The mapping
is

on the stress space (by appropriate

domain

is

considered to

in Figure 2.4.

of the physical spatial location to the stress

The

carried out in stress analysis.

stress

is

domain

domain

definition of the strength in the

a failure criterion which can be defined either de-

terministically or probabilistically.

12

Stronger

material

Figure 2.4. Reliability Criterion

1.

deterministic failure criterion can expressed in terms of the

scalar stress components, which are themselves a function of the
spatial location of the structure.

( y ( x k))

<1

safe

a u( x k))

>:L

^1

f
(

(2.10)

where ay is the stress component in tensor notation (i = 1, 2, 3)

and Xk is the spatial coordinates within the structure. F(.) is a
function representing the contour separating

13

all

the safe stress

states from all the non-safe states. For example, for coupled
strength. F(.) may be expressed in terms of a polynomial criterion, as described in Reference 3.
2.

probabilistic failure criterion expressed in terms of scalar

stress components as random variables. The magnitudes of the
scalar stress are themselves a function of the spatial location of
the structure.

R ((c)

.x k .a

k .p k

where

(2n)

the reliability of a physical element located at spatial

coordinates xk within the structure, under stress components
(oij)k. ak and pk are the statistical parameters of the probabilistic
failure model associated with the component stress oy. The
entire structure is safe if the joint reliability for assemblage of all
the spatial locations of the structure is greater than or equal to
the reliability specification.
is

TRADE OFF

D.

In the spirit of the consideration above, the joint reliability is

consorted measure of the

mized

for a given repair.

include the size of the

all

the parameters which need to be opti-

To explore the

damage area

effects of the repair,

(after the

which

clean-up) and the patch

type (material, stiffness, and type of joint), trade-offs between stiffness

and strength

of the specific parent structure, the joining segment,

and

the repair patch need to be considered.

If,

is

when

the repair design

is

completed, the structural reliability

not met, the design parameters need to be iterated to an achieve an

acceptable solution. This iteration involves the redesign of the structure/ repair configuration and the selection of

new

lay-up configuration.

14

new

material and/or a

III.

A.

STRUCTURAL RELIABILITY (CONCEPT)

GENERAL CONCEPT
Chapter

In

we developed the

II,

relates to reliability. In this chapter,

we

it

will explore the specifics of

and examine

stresses and strength calculations

reliability.

repair design concept as

their relationship to

This relation allows us to compute reliability based upon the

failure criterion

which

is

most appropriate

to the specific

composite

was

intuitively

under consideration.
Historically, formulation of

taken

to

many

failure criteria

be mechanistically based on failure mechanisms, but in fact

the criteria are phenomenological (because frequently, the plane of

failure does not necessarily

correspond

to applied stress).

Phenome-

nological failure criteria represent (describe) failure states but do not

explain failure causes (or mechanism). There

formulation, and there

The

failure

is

no a

priori

modes observed

for

unlike those observed for isotropic

their anisotropic
tial for

known

is

no uniquely "correct"

formula.

composite materials are quite

homogeneous materials because

and heterogeneous nature. Nevertheless,

it

is

of

essen-

design to predict the capability of the structural element under

a complex loading.

Judgment must be made as

(analytical results) adequately represents (for a

the physical

phenomenon

(i.e.,

to

whether the theory

wide class of problems)

experimental results).

15

we

In the design of repair,

characteristic
to

are looking at the parent structure

and the repair characteristic as a whole system's

withstand a given load. Then, by the

determine the stress

there

is

level

of fibers

for

which

of probable failures.

In a composite material, trie

which consists

we

reliability characterization

(coming from the applied load),

an acceptable number

ability

imbedded

lamina

is

the basic building block

in a matrix. In composite structure,

especially in repair areas, the stresses are spatially heterogeneous,

both in forms of stress components and

over,

because the lamina

is

in their

composed

of

magnitudes. More-

numerous

fibers

and

possesses inherent redundancy, the composite failure process

sequential

(in

same

stress level). At the

is

time, the actual behavior of the

loaded structure often exhibits considerable data scatter in measured

strength due to processing variability (which

is

unavoidable in large

composite structures).
(Anisotropic) failure criteria are mathematical functions (analytical,

numerical, graphical) which define the stress levels below which a

structure

is safe. If

the measure of safety-

is

absolute, the failure criteria

are deterministic: otherwise, the failure criteria are probabilistic.

magnitude
at

of stress (one

component

for 1-D; six

each spatial location of the structure

point in the stress space.

If all

is

components

mapped

The

for 3-D)

into a respective

the points are within the

domain

bounded by the

strengths, then the entire structure

failure criterion

should capture the physics of the specific failure pro-

cess and the sequential events of failure.

16

is safe.

Ideally, a

Therefore, in order to calculate the reliability of a structure with

non-uniform
to

stress, the state of stress at every spatial location

needs

be computed. The influence of these stresses on the respective

those specific spatial locations can then be evaluated by an

reliability in

appropriate probability model.

FAILURE MODEL WEIBULL DISTRIBUTION

B.

Rosen recognized that the mechanism

In 1958(?),

failure originated
[Ref. 6].

The

from the

failure process

from failure of weak

statistical variability of the fiber strength

was observed

to

be sequential, initiating

fiber sites; the load originally carried

by the weak
postponing

fibers is transfered to the adjacent strong fibers, thereby

immediate

failure.

redundancy
to

is

Upon

composite

of

additional load increase, the local micro-

insufficient to sustain the stress concentration, leading

catastrophic macroscopic failure of the composite. Harlow and

Phoenix

[Ref. 4] refined

the probabilistic modeling of sequential failure

events and arrived at the "chain-of-bundle" model. The composite

modeled as a chain of bundles

Each bundle has

structure

is

length

generally referred to as the "ineffective length."

tive

5.

length

bound

is

in series.

The

ineffec-

a function of the matrix stiffness and the interfacial

strength;

it is

analytically estimated to be

an order

of

magnitude

greater than the fiber diameter (the diameter of graphite fiber

around 5

(im).

Each bundle

cally distributed,

is

assumed

derived,

be independent and identi-

and the cumulative distribution function (CDF) can be

expressed in terms of the fiber

also

to

is

statistics.

Harlow and Phoenix have

by analytical recursive formulation, the

17

statistical

strength behavior of large composite from small bundles. Since the

bundles are

ment

weakest link function

in series, the

strength, the Weibull

model

is

is

applied. For

fila-

appropriate for the characteriza-

tion of the strength statistics. For the composite, the strength

may be

considered as piece-wise Weibull, where the scale and shape parameters are modified

by the Harlow- Phoenix chain of bundle calculations.

For this investigation, we consider each spatial element as

independent and ignore failure sequence and subsequent load

distribution. This
direction Jails, the

is

equivalent to stating that

whole structure Jails

(failure

if

one point

can occur

in

in

any

any element

of the structure, in either the parent structure or in the repaired

The

portion of the structure).

reliability

under

this condition

can be

calculated given the failure distribution and the failure criterion.

We

use the Weibull distribution with parameters adjusted by the

"chain-of bundle" model. The two-parameter Weibull distribution

is

expressed as:

For any

th spatial location

(considered in our calculation as an element), the failure distribution function (CDF) is:
i

F(a (x );P
1

,a )
i

= l-exp{-(^)'}

(3.1)

where
Si stress

component

at location Xj

Pi the location parameter, representing the strength under the

respective stress
the element.

component

18

(oj.

It is

dependent on the

size of

aj the shape parameter, representing dispersion of the failure

function. It is also dependent on the size of the element.
Then, the

reliability at

each point, oyx)

R(a ) = l-F(a
1

R
Assuming that

a l)=

the failure

;(x )p ,a
j
1

(3 2)

exp{-(^)]
(3.3)

(pi)

event

is

RjR 2

independent of

all

spatial

can be represented by:

locations, the total structure reliability (Rt)

RT

RK
(3.4)

RT
where
C.

(Rk) is the reliability at

- li.R K

each spatial location.

SIZE EFFECT
In our approach, for calculating the state of stress

we

are using a

element method (FEM). For that we assume that a configuration

finite

of repaired structure is partitioned into geometric

and

ent.

The choice

of size 2.

structure

is

The

intrinsic strength of

each element

of element size is arbitrary,

under consideration, the

same.

19

meshes n

may

of size

be

differ-

and because the same

total reliability

must remain the

RT

= R,

=R

(3.5)

where

Rt the
Ri,

total reliability

R2 The element

(assume equal

reliability

for simplicity) of

each

meshing.

n number

of element for size

m number

of element for size 2

By Weibull

distribution,

Ri) n

We make

f(S m

= exp

exp

It

the simplifying assumption that the two different sizes

are not drastically different so that the

be used.

(3 6)
l

same shape parameters a can

follows that:

=()*
Therefore,

we can evaluate

<

3 7
-

'

the reliability of each element by

relating its length or area to the unit element. In our approach, the
reliability is
is

assumed

normalized by the smallest element. The smallest element

to

be the ineffective

stress analysis,

which

knowing the strength

is

in

size. In short,

we need

to first

perform

sections, then evaluate the reliability

of the smallest element.

20

IV.

REPAIR METHODOLOGY

TYPICAL REPAIR REQUIREMENT

A.

The previous chapters discussed the rationale

of adopting the

joint reliability as a single indicator of the repair efficiency

property of a probabilistic failure criterion which

late

is

and the

required to calcu-

the reliability of each spatial element under a non-uniform

complex state

of stress.

Furthermore, we identify the following

requirements which are necessary

methodology

to establish the appropriate repair

composite structures with the goal of restoring the

for

structural integrity:
1.

The

2.

The patch

stiffness through the materials selection and the lay-up

orientation, together with different lap joint configuration, need
to be optimized. The optimizing objective parameter is the joint
reliability of the structure, including the parent structure, the
joint, and the repair patch. The objective is not to maximize the
reliability of the repair but rather to achieve highest possible total
reliability for the entire structure.

3.

In order to assess the necessity or the effectiveness of the repair,

a single parameter is formulated. We select reliability as the

entire structure

parameter
4.

(refer to

needs

to

Chapter

be considered.

III).

Using the

reliability formulation, the parent structure reliability is

to the damaged structure reliability before repair, and
repaired structure reliability. As mentioned previously, the

compared
the

ideal repair restores the reliability of the repaired structure.

5.

It

is

known

that conventional repair depends on the adhesive

which always has no redundancy or poor redundancy

(smooth -joint versus step-joint). This weakness has to be taken
into account. In our approach, the adhesive strength affects the

joint,

stress distribution and limits the repair stiffness (see joint configuration in appendix). Thus, the joint strength is considered

21

with the stiffness optimization (lay-up design) of the repair segment (i.e., weak adhesive limiting the transferring of stresses to
the repair segment compliant patch)
6.

To simplify the calculation, and to reduce the number of parameters that have to be iterated in the same time, we assume the
adhesive reliability to be equal to

1.

In other words,

we assume

infinite joint reliability.

7.

The

reliability of the structure is the product of the reliability of

the individual elements (see equation 3.4). Moreover, to achieve
the reliability of the element, it is required that the magnitude of
the stress tensor not exceed the failure criterion (i.e., a spatial
reliability function with stress tensor as the random variable (see

Chapter

II).

CONFIGURATIONS FOR REPAIR

B.

Now,
repair,

in order to utilize the appropriate

we have

The parent structure

2.

The damaged structure

3.

The repair

designing a

Parent Structure Configuration

For the parent structure, a

to

for

to consider three separate configurations:

1.

1.

procedure

finite

element model must be built

represent the original geometry, the lamination configuration, and

the original material.

The boundary conditions are determined by the

actual external load and reactions (support).

By knowing these

data, the resulting stress tensor for each

element can be calculated. Using the suitable failure

criteria,

the

parent structure reliability (RO) can be evaluated. The parent structure

reliability

is

the acceptable parameter reference to compare for

optimizing the repair configuration.

22

Damage Structure Configuration

2.

We assume
damage area

that

all

are available

the facilities needed to evaluate the

(i.e.,

damage and preparing the area

geometry has

to

NDT). Thus, before removing the

for the

bonding

repair, the clean-up

be optimized. Dependent on the size of damage, the

spatial location, the repair capability,

and the

state of load in this area

(considering the fibers' orientation), several configurations can be

same procedure introduced

evaluated. Again, going through the

parent structure, the state of stress

reliability for

is

calculated and thereby the

each configuration, Rl, R2, R3.

with the largest

reliability (say

R3)

is

for the

Now

the configuration

selected.

Repair Configuration

3.

Starting with the

R3

configuration, and

assuming

infinite

joint reliability, the joint strength is considered with the optimized

stiffness.

Thus, only the

reliability of the

parent structure (outside of

the repair zone) and the reliability of the repair structure (the patched

zone) are considered for calculating the total repaired structure reliability.

To optimize the repair configuration

must

control the repair stiffness

in the lay-up design,

and redistribution

one

of the stresses.

Either one type of material can be chosen and only the lamination can

vary (lamina orientation) or more than one material and lamination can

be applied.

C.

FINITE
It

ELEMENT APPLICATION

has been showTi that

to calculate the reliability,

lyze the state of stress in all spatial locations analytical

23

we need

to

ana-

boundary value

problems or

finite

element methods (FEM) can be used. Because of the

complexity of the structure geometry,

to

ADINA code

in

The analysis

Appendix

it is

essential to use

FEM

(refer

A).

of stress in a laminate of

laminae

straightforward.

is

For 2-D problems, we are using the laminate plate theory (plane
stress).

For 3-D problems, we are using generalized calculations for

orthotropic materials.

Assuming the laminae

exhibits linear elastic

behavior, the stresses seen to be a linear function of the applied loads.

That

is,

if all

an element

laminate stresses in each laminae

in

ADINA

(i.e.,

corresponding to

code) are known, then the stresses in each

laminae can be compared with the lamina failure criterion

ter

III)

and uniformly scaled

(see

Chap-

determine the load at which failure

to

occurs and the spatial location.

In

accordance with the

criteria for

direction,

failure criteria, all failure

laminates depend on the strength in the principal material

which

likely

does not coincide with principal stress direc-

tions. Therefore, the strength in

each lamina

assessed in a coordinate system that

its

and

reliability

is likely

laminate must be

in a

different

neighboring laminae. (This coordinate mismatch

is

from those of

one of the com-

plications that characterizes the determination of the failure criteria.)

Hence,
calculation,

for the interpretation of stresses resulting

all

from the

FEM

the stress tensors have to be transformed to the prin-

cipal material direction per

lamina

(see

Appendix

Furthermore, in order to normalize the

C).

reliability

and

to

make

it

geometrically independent, the area of each element has to be related

24

to

the

an acceptable minimum area. The minimum area

minimum

size effect.

25

is

derived from

V.

The object
and

METHODOLOGY FORMULATION

of this chapter

finally the repair,

priate simplifying

wish

to

explore the effects of the damage,

on the stresses

of the entire structure.

assumptions have been represented

repair methodology (Chapter

We

is to

Appro-

in the the

II).

capture the essence of the underlying mechanics and

physics of our problem. The

field

equations in solid mechanics are

specialized for calculating the state of stress in the repaired structure.

Then, the acceptable probabilistic failure

criteria,

mathematical function which defines the stress

structure

level

expressed as a

below which the

is safe, is utilized.

Therefore, in the context of preliminary sizing and design tradeoffs of

the repair, and also for confirmation of output of

analysis carried out by the computer code,

more accurate

we represent

the repair

methodology by the following formulations.

The formulations are

1.

classified

The physical space a

line,

by

a plane, a volume

2.

The stress space one component, three components,

components

3.

The spatial distribution

neous or heterogeneous

4.

The

of stress within the structure

six

homoge-

definition of safety for our case, probabilistic failure criteria

Whereas
scalar stress

in
is

one-dimensional theory (1-D uniaxial

mapped

into a respective point

26

on a

stress),

each

line (1-D) in the

stress space,
(three

under planar combined

stress, the

components) at each spatial location of the structure

into a respective point

is

of stress

mapped

on the 3-D stress space. Under general com-

bined stress, the magnitude of stresses

tial

magnitude

location of the structure

is

mapped

(six

components) at each spa-

into a respective point

on the

6-D stress hyperspace.

Stress interior to

domain bounded by the

failure surface - safe.

Stress exterior to

domain bounded by the

failure surface -> not safe.

ONE-DIMENSIONAL EXAMPLE

A.

In order to

understand the methodology principle, a simple stress

analysis, consisting of a scalar calculation for single

is

shown

component

stress,

in the following example.

long segment (shown in Figure 5.1) of non-uniform cross-sectional

area (A(x)) is subjected to a uniaxial tension load (P). Then, to calculate the reliability:
1.

The long segment

divided to small and unequal elements,

because of the usual complexity of the repair geometry (geometry
is

mapping) and because of different stress magnitude distributors

(i.e., the segment is spatial stress heterogeneous).
2.

are uniaxial stress (1-D) and must be evaluated in each spatial location. Thus, because of uniaxial stress (one
component, 1-D), the stress analysis is simple and represented

The stresses

(o(x))

by

a(x)=

27

Alx7

(5.D

Figure 5.1.

Long Segment, Non-Uniform Stresses

Therefore, because of trie series process assumed for composite

material structure (refer to Chapter II), the total reliability of the
structure (Rt) is presented as a function of the stress and the

element

size.

R T = r[R((^

(x)),Ax
i

1=1, 2 ...n

(5.2)

where

n the number
Axj

is

of elements

the i th element length

Furthermore, using the Weibull distribution function (weakest

link of chain), the total reliability is expressed as.

R T =ri exp

<M
(5.3)
\J

3.

To compare the structure configuration (i.e., for different load,

different type of repair), and to avoid size effects on the strength
of the material, the reliability must be geometry independent.

28

Thus, the

reliability is

normalized by the smallest length, as

follows.

Using the weakest link rule [Ref. 4], and assuming the shape
function is constant (in composite material a = 5-10), the size
represented by,

effect is

15.4)

P'-fs:
where
5 the length

of the smallest

p the mean strength value

element
of the smallest element (evaluated

by experiments)
(3 t

the mean

strength value of the i th element.

Then, by substituting equation 5.5 into equation

reliability is

5.3, the total

obtained as:

RT

o.\ Ax

= fl exp

(5.6)

Finally, a simulation needs to be performed to demonstrate the

probability of different loading configurations. This simulation was
carried out via a statistical analysis using the spreadsheet Microsoft Excel on a Macintosh computer (see Reference 9). There,

evaluated by the Weibull distribution function

if any stress is larger than the suitable
strength, then the structure fails (1 fail, 0 no fail).

the strength

(weakest

is

link),

and

after several runs of the simulation, we can observe that the

location of highest stress has the highest probability of failure but
not a certainty of failure. In other words, the failure is not constant due to the spatial location it is changing according to the

Thus,

29

probabilistic failure criteria. The resulting reliability distribution

is compared so the configuration of the structure loading can be

optimized.

TWO-DIMENSIONAL EXAMPLE

B.

The

first

approach that corresponds

behavior of a composite laminate

the classical lamination theory
ciple as

is

the 2-

[Ref. 2].

to the

macro-mechanical

stress calculation using

Thereby, under the same prin-

1-D calculations, 2-D calculations are performed, considering

three stress components:

{r2-

6}

typical analysis of a thin plate with

an

elliptical

hole subjected to

tensile load in a non-principal direction is described. This analysis

models the damaged area

of a structure after "clean-up"

and before

the bonding process of the "patch" repair.

Again, going through the

order to calculate the total
1.

same procedure as the 1-D example

in

reliability,

The physical space considered is the space area of the entire

plate (laminate). The space is divided into unequal areas. The
rectangular rather than the polar division is preferable because of
the orthogonality of the composite material, and because it is
easier to compare the structure reliability as a spreadsheet.

2.

Assuming an unequal area

each element, the stress analysis

for

is

performed.
Note that for using
tial

location

reliability equations, the stresses in

must transform

as explained in Chapter
tions are used [Ref. 2].

II.

each spa-

to the principal material direction,

For

this, stress

transformation equa-

Now, having the stresses in each spatial location, the same procedure as in the 1-D example is utilized. We must remember that.

30

weakest link rule refers to each component of stress in

each element (three components). Therefore, the weakest link
rule refers to each element in the entire structure (plate).
here, the

3.

To normalize the

reliability, the lengths in the previous example

(equation 5.5), are replaced by areas:

Pu,=

k relates

to the

(5.7)

A k.J

element notation.

i relates to the stress component (i=l,2,6).

A m the

smallest element area.

Ak.i the k th element area.

4.

Therefore, because of the weakest link approach, there are two

options to calculate the total reliability (Rr)-

Option

1: Calculate the reliability of the whole structure with

respect to each component in each element (shear or normal
stress), then calculate the total reliability, as shown below.

The
nent

reliability of the

k th element due to the

th stress

compo-

is

R,

= exp
L

^k.^
V K,

1.

2,

(5.8)

Note that the stresses are in contract notation.

The whole n element's

component is:

reliability

R T =flR
k=l

Finally, the total reliability

is:

31

with respect

k=

...

to the

th stress

(5.9)

R T =IlR T

.,

1,

2,

1. 2,

...

(5.10)

1=1

RT

=nnR
1=1

(G k.l

kl =nriexp

k=l

i=l

k=l

k=

1,

(5.11)

Pi
V **,!

Option

each element and then

2: calculate the reliability of

culate the total reliability as follows.

cal-

The reliability per element (Re.Ic) is the product of the stress

component reliabilities (Rk,i _ expressed in equation 5.8).
Thus,

RE
Then, the

riR k ,

.k

total reliability

(5.12)

i. 2,

is,

RT=nx.

(5.13)

k=l

And, after substituting equations 5.10 and 5.14 into equation

5.15, the total reliability
n

R T =nnexp
k=l

Although the

is:

i=l

i=

k.^

k=

1,
1,

2
2

6
n

(5.14)

k.ij

total reliability

must be

the

difference exists between the two options

interpretation of optimizing the repair.

same

and

is

for

any option, a

obtained by the

Through Option

1,

we can

visualize the effect of a specific stress in a specific direction

32

(i.e.,

improve

fiber, if

the total reliability [Rtj fiber direction],

Or, through Option 2, the weakest element

ability (RE.k)

is

small).

which has the lowest

reli-

can be investigated.

ANALYSIS IN THREE DIMENSIONS

C.

The next obvious approach

is to

extend the analysis to a laminate

3-D physical space considering combined and

in

spatial heterogeneous

stresses (six components). Obviously, the stress analysis

is

more

complex and cannot be solved "by hand," a numerical analysis

method must be used

(see application of

ADINA code

Moreover, following the same procedure that

ple

and

1.

2.

in the

2-D example, the

used

is

in

Appendix

in the

A).

1-D exam-

total reliability is calculated.

The

state of stresses resulting from the 3-D analysis (generalized

orthotropic laminate Reference 2), must relate to the mean
strength known for laminae (from experiments). In other words,
the stress must be calculated per element in the lamina. Therefore, unit volume will have an identical thickness for each element. Hence, the area normalization in 2-D (see equation 5.7) is
sufficient also for the 3-D calculation.

Furthermore, to calculate the reliability, instead of three components in the 2-D example, we consider six stress components:

For the
extends

first

option mentioned in the 2-D example, equation 5.10

to:

a-

k-1

= exp

33

k.l
i

1,

...

(5.15)

The whole n element reliability with respect to the

remains the same (see equation 5.9). Hence, the total

th

stress

reliability

is:
6

RT

=nnR ki =nriexp
i=l

k=l

1=1

k=l

k.i

V p k. y j

k=

1,
1,

2
2

(5.16)

For the second option mentioned in the 2-D example, equation

5.12 extends to a product of six instead of three, as shown below.

RF

flR
1

Thus, similarly
n

to the

2-D example, the

1= 1.2

i=l

k.i

IP,JJ

(5.17)

total reliability is:

R T =nriexpk=l

k.i

=1

k=

1,

1,

2
2

(5.18)

SUMMARY

D.
1.

The 1-D example

ogy concept used

is

only a simple presentation of the methodol-

for calculating the total reliability.

2.

In the 2-D example, the whole structure analysis is simplified

using laminate plate theory. This approach is used in practice to
do preliminary calculation and sizing, and to check the results of
2-D and especially 3-D numerical analysis carried out by computer codes (see Appendices A and B).

3.

For the 3-D example, the state of stress in each spatial location,
considering the generalized orthotropic laminate, is numerically
calculated using FEM by computer a code (i.e., ADINA).

4.

Comparing 2-D to 3-D as the generalized orthotropic laminate

analysis, in 2-D analysis the interlaminar stresses are ignored.

34

VI.

CONCLUSIONS

This work has proposed a primary approach for the designing of

composite material repair, using

indicate the

most

reliability as

effective repair. Finite

a single parameter to

element analysis was used to

calculate the state of stress at any spatial location (non-uniform

combined), which in turn was used to calculate the resultant

ity.

and

reliabil-

This methodology can be used to assist maintenance personnel in

the selection of the optimal repair configuration.

The Weibull distribution function with modified shape and

parameters was used

for estimating the reliability,

vation that composite material failure

is

based on the obser-

adequately represented by the

weakest link chain-of-bundle model. The best selection of

teria

has

to

failure cri-

be confirmed by experiment.

Simulations
specific

scale

for different

patches under a specific loading or

patches under different loading need

to

be included

for

in the

future extension of the repair optimization method. Moreover, an ade-

quate

number

of

samplings (experiments) needs

to

be performed in

order to estimate the underlying Weibull parameters and then to

approve the appropriate failure

Only bonded repairs with

considered. Further studies

consider adhesives with

criteria.

infinitely strong

may

adhesives have been

be extended to apply this approach to

finite reliability

35

and bolted

repairs,

which are

considered as 3-D reliability enhanced (small transverse fibers are

included under this category), and to scarf joint geometry approval.

36

APPENDIX A

DESCRIPTION OF ADINA
A.

GENERAL DESCRIPTION
ADINA

is

a finite element code for automatic

nonlinear analysis. The

ADINA system

is

dynamic incremental

composed

of four

main pro-

grams: ADINA-IN, ADINA, ADINA- PLOT, and ADINAT. Version 2 (Jan.

1989) was used for this thesis. The sequence of execution of these

programs

is

shown

A-l

in Figure

For our investigation, the

[Ref. 6:pp.

1-2].

ADINA code was used

to

conduct the

stress/strain analysis (3-D/2-D) of an advance composite material

structure.

Thermal

effects

heat-transfer analysis)

were ignored, so the ADINAT program

was not used.

The ADINA-IN program generates the input data

program and has the
of the

(for

ability to graphically

for the

check the model.

All

ADINA
or part

model can be drawn from any view desired, including element

and nodal numbering.

Coordinates can be input in a local or global coordinate system

using cartesian, cylindrical, or spherical coordinates.

ADINA

is

used

duces the printout

for
file

produce the porthole

displacement and stress/strain execution, profor

file

displacement and stress/strain, and also

for

ADINA- PLOT.

37

iOINAT INPUT

ADINAT

Figure A-l. Sequence of Execution of

38

ADINA Programs

ADINA-PLOT performs
from ADINA.

It

also

the post-processing of the output data

has graphics

capability, allowing a view of

both the

deformed and undeformed shapes, and can do vector plotting

of

stresses.

COMPOSITE MATERIAL IMPLEMENTATION

B.

The program defines the parameters (modulus

Poisson ratio
[Ref.

for the

(vy)

5.5-6).

6:pp.

orthotropic linear elastic material model

The material defined

is

assigned an identifying

number, which can be referenced by several or

groups

(i.e.,

of elasticity (Ey),

all

of the

element

parent structure elements, repair patch elements). The

material directions correspond to the global coordinates of the finite

element model
In

[Ref. 6:pp. 5.5-7).

ADINA, the composite material model can be used by several

element types: 2-D solid element, 3-D solid element, plate element,

and

shell

element

[Ref. 6:p. 5.5-3). In this thesis,

the 2-D element and

3-D element type were used.

C.

VERIFICATION
Part of the establishment of the repair guideline

of the finite element code. This is

is

the verification

done by modeling a problem

for

which the results are known and comparing numerical with these

known

results.

The

verification includes the

definition,

and

geometry

verification, material axes

their transformation to the global coordinates,

39

and

compares the 2-D (plane

theoretical solution

A
sile

stress) solution

and the 3-D solution with

done by hand.

simply supported anisotropic square plate, under uniform ten-

load along one edge,

is

considered as a verification problem and

discussed in Appendix B.

40

APPENDIX B

VERIFICATION PROBLEM

PHYSICAL PROBLEM

A.

A
sile

and

simply supported anisotropic square plate, under uniform ten-

load along one edge,

is

considered. The plate

is

is

built of eight plies

symmetrical, laminated once with stacking sequence [902/752ls

and once with stacking sequence

[904] s

OBJECTIVE

B.

To

verify the

performance of the 2-D

and then the performance

is

anisotropic.

C.

FINITE

3-D

of the

solid plane stress element,

solid element,

when

the material

ELEMENT MODEL

For 2-D analysis, eight-ply thickness plate (laminate)

ered.

The mesh consists

of three

2-D

solid

orthotropic linear elastic material model

is

consid-

elements (nine nodes).

is

An

used with the principal

material axes a and b, making angle beta with the global coordinate

axes

X and

Y, respectively.

MIC-MAC program

[Ref.

The laminate
7:ch.

7]

stiffness is calculated

by the

from the specific sequence and

orientation of the laminae in the laminate.

For 3-D analysis, each ply (lamina)

the thickness. The

mesh

is

considered separately across

consists of 12 3-D solid elements (27 nodes).

41

The same orthotropic

linear elastic material as in the

used. The lamina stiffness

is

For any model, through

ated.

The printout

file

used

directly in the finite

ADINA

2-D model

is

element model.

execution, a printout

file

is cre-

generates a listing of the displacements and the

stress/strain for each element. Only the stress/strain results of nodes

number

9,

2-D problem, or node number 21,

for the

3-D

for the

problem, are printed. Node 9 and node 21 are located at the element
geometric centroid and represent the element

mean

values for calcu-

lating the reliability.

D.

SOLUTION RESULTS
The solution

results are as expected. For the lay-up of [904] s

stresses in the applied loads direction are the

loads.
of

No interlaminar stresses

2-D analysis are

in

are

shown

the

same as the applied

(tend to zero).

The results

good agreement with the results of 3-D analysis.

For the lay-up of [902, 752ls in 3-D analysis, the layers in 90

ori-

entation are earning more stresses than the layers in 75 orientation,

and the interlaminar stresses are shown

2-D analysis, because

of plane stress

(they cannot be neglected). In

assumption, the interlaminar

stresses are not shown, and the stresses have the

before they are representing the

mean

42

stress.

same value as

')

AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
PROGRAM TRANS
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
INTEGER NLA,NEL
PARAMETER (NLA=6,PI = 3.1415927
PARAMETER <ROWS=100 ,C0LS=6)
REALMS A(R0HS, COLS) ,B(R0WS, COLS)
REAL M01,M02,NU12,NU21,EX,EY,EXY
REAL THETA(NLA) ,M,N
REAL Q11,Q12,Q22,Q66,G12,E1(NLA) E2(NLA) ,E6(NLA)
CHARACTER* 4
FNOUT
)

WRITE (5,*)
OUTPUT FILE, NAME:
READ (5, (A)
FNOUT
WRITE (5, *) 'INPUT MODULUS & POISSON M01 ,M02 ,NU21 ,G12
READ (5,*) M01,M02,NU21,G12
NU12 = M02*NU21 / M01
Oil = MOl / (1-NU12*NU21)
Q12 = Q11*NU12
Q22 = M02 / d-NU12*NU21)
'

'

'

Q66

'

?'

G12

WRITE (5, *) 'INPUT STRAIN EX,EY,EXY ?'

READ (5, A) EX,EY,EXY
OPEN (UNIT=13,FILE=FN0UT,STATUS='NEW'
WRITE (13, A) 'INPUT
WRITE (5,10) EX,EY,EXY
WRITE (13,10) EX,EY,EXY
'

WRITE (5,A) 'INPUT THE ORIENT. OF EA. ELEM. IN DEG ?'

WRITE (13, A) 'INPUT: THE ORIENT. OF EA. ELEM. IN DEG.
DO 50 1=1, NLA
WRITE (5,20) I
READ (5,A) THETA(I)
WRITE (13,25) I,THETA(I)
THETA(I) = THETA(I)API / 180.0
CONTINUE
.

50
A

WRITE
WRITE
WRITE
WRITE

(5,A) 'OUTPUT
(13, A) 'OUTPUT
FNOUT
(5,60) 'NLA' 'SI' 'S2' 'S3' 'S6' , 'S5' 'S4'
(13,60) 'NLA' 'SI' 'S2' 'S3' 'S6' 'S5' 'S4
:

'

NEL=0
DO 90 J=l,3
DO 80 1=1, NLA

NEL=NEL+1
STRAINS TRANSFORMATION
M=C0S(THETA(I)
N=SIN(THETA(I)
Eld) = EXAMAA2 + EYANAA2 + EXYAMAN
E2d) = EXANAA2 + EYAMAA2 + EXYAMAN
E6(I) = -EXA2AMAN + EYA2AMAN + EXY*(M*A2
STRESSES CALCULATION
A(NEL,1) = Q11AEKI) + Q12AE2(I)
A(NEL,2) = Q12AEKI) + Q22AE2(I)
A(NEL,6) = Q66AE6(I)
A(NEL,4) = 0.
A(NEL,5) = 0.
A(NEL,3) = 0.
:

43

NAA2)

))

'

CONTINUE
CONTINUE

BO
90

DO 100 1=1, NEL

WRITE (13,70) NEL,A(I,1) ,A(I,2) ,A(I,3) ,A(I,6) ,A(I,5) ,A(I,4)

CONTINUE

100
A

CALL BETA(A,B,NEL)
WRITE (5,*) 'INPUT ALFA'
READ (5, *) ALF
WRITE (13,40) ALF
CALL ALFA(A,B,NEL,ALF)
CALL RELI(A,B,NEL)
CALL ELRE(B,NEL)
A

,E11 3 ,8X, STRAINY= ',E11.3,

// ,1X, *STRAINX=
9X, 'STRAINXY= ',E11.3)
, 12
= ')
( IX, 'THETAf
=
',F6.D
12
IX, 'THETA(
,F5 1/ IX, 40
(//, IX, SHAP FUNCTION (ALFA) =
/ / , 1X,A10
6 A7 4X) / 1X,80('-'))
4X, 16 ,6E11 3
/

FORMAT

10

'

FORMAT
FORMAT
FORMAT
FORMAT
FORMAT

20
25
40
60

'

&

'

'

'

'

'

'

'

'

STOP
END
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA,AAAAAAAA
SUBROUTINE BETA A, B, NEL)
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
PARAMETER (ROWS=100 ,C0LS=6
REAL*8 AIROWS, COLS) ,B(R0HS, COLS)
REAL X(COLS) ,X1C,X2C,X3C
(

PLY STRESS

*
A

STRENGTH, RATIO CALCULATION

WRITE (13,10)
DO

'SRI'

'

SR3

'

'SR6'

'SR5'

'

SR4

15.0E4
0.4E4
= X(2)
= 0.68E4
= X(6)
= X(6)
-15.0E4
-2.46E4

X2C

DO 80 J=l,COLS
B(I,J) = ABS(A(I,J)
90
10

'SR2'

IF (A(I,1) .LT.O) X( 1)
IF (A(I,2) .LT.O) X(2)
IF (A(I,3) .LT.O) X(3)

BO

1=1, NEL

X(l)
X(2)
X(3)
X(6)
X(4)
X(5)

X1C
X2C
X3C

'NEL'

=
=
=

X1C
X2C
X3C

X( J)

CONTINUE
WRITE (13,60) I,B(I,1) ,B(I,2) ,B(I,3) ,B(I,6) ,B(I,5) ,B(I,4)
CONTINUE
FORMAT (//,1X,A10,6(A7,4X) / 1X,80('-'))
FORMAT / ,4X, 16 ,6E11 3
RETURN
END
(

AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
SUBROUTINE ALFA( A,B,NEL, ALF)
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA

44

))

PARAMETER (ROWS=100,COLS=6)
REAL* 8 A(ROWS, COLS) ,E(R0WS, COLS)
a

*
A

PLY STRESS

STRENGTH, RATIO RISED BY ALFA CALCULATION

WRITE (13,10) 'NEL','V1','V2','V3','V6','V5','V4'

DO 90 1=1, NEL
DO 80 J=l,COLS
A(I,J) = B(I,J)**ALF
CONTINUE
WRITE (13,60)I,A(I,1),A(I,2),A(I,3),A(I,6),A(I,5),A(I,4)
CONTINUE
FORMAT (//,1X,A10,6(A7,4X) / 1X,80('-'))
FORMAT / ,4X, 16 ,6E11 3
RETURN
END

80
90
10
60

AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
SUBROUTINE RELI A,B,NEL)
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
PARAMETER (ROWS=100 ,C0LS=6)
REAL* 8 A (ROWS, COLS) ,B( ROWS, COLS)
(

*
A

PLY STERSS TENSOR RELIABILITY CALCULATION (WEIBUL)

WRITE (13,10) 'NEL' ,'P.l' ,'R2' ,'R3' 'R6' ,'R5' ,'R4'

DO 90 1=1, NEL
DO 80 J=l,COLS
E'I,J) = EXP(-A(I,J))
CONTINUE
WRITE (13,60) I,B(I,1) ,B(I,2) ,B(I,3) ,B(I,6) ,B(I,5) ,B(I,4)
CONTINUE
FORMAT //,1X,A10,6(A7,4X/ / 1X,80('-'))
FORMAT
,4X,I6,6E11.3)
RETURN
UVj
,

80

90
10
60

subroutine elpe'e,nel)
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
PARAMETEE (ROWS=100 ,C0LS=6)
REAL*fl B ROWS, COLS ),ELR( ROW
(

^ELEMENTS RELIABILITY CALCUL.

ELIABILITY CALCUL.

STRUCT

WRITE (13,10)
ETP
DC

=
9

'NEL'

ELR(I) =1.0
DO 80 J=l,COLS
ELR(I) = ELR(I)
80

10
60
70

E!I,J)

CONTINUE
WRITE (5,60) I,ELP(I)
WRITE (13,60) I,ELR(I)
STP.

'ELM. PL'

1.0
1*1, NEL

STB

ELP(I)

CONTINUE
WRITE (5,70) STP.
WRITE (13,70) STR
FORMAT (//,1X,2A10 / 1X,25('-'))
FORMAT / ,4X, 16 ,E11 3
FORMAT (//, IX, STRUCTURE RELIABILITY
.

'

END

45

',E11.3 /1X,40('='))

APPENDIX C

POST-PROCESSOR PROGRAMS

We
the

have the state

FEM

(ADINA

of stress in the spatial locations defined

code).

The next steps

from

for evaluating the reliability-

are:
1.

2.

To normalize the

size of the element.

To perform, per element, the transformation of stresses, read

from the FEM output file, to the lamina (composite material)
principal directions.

3.

To compute the
This process

is

reliabilty

based on a

specific reliability model.

done by two programs

CLAREA and TRANS3

or

TRANS2
CLAREA

is

the program which reads in the coordinates as well as

the element area defining the nodes.

It

then computes the element

area and the smallest element area.

TRANS3
stress

is

program used

the

components

of

for

3-D analysis.

It

reads in the

each element as well as the element area and

the angle theta. coresponding to the angle between the global coordi-

nate system and the layer pricipal coordinate system.

It

the transformation of stress to the principal direction.

this

program

ALFA, which
calls

calls the

then performs
In addition,

subroutine BETA, which in turn calls subroutine

in turn calls subroutine RELI,

subroutine ELRE.

46

and which

finally in turn

TRANS2
strain

is

the program used for 2-D analysis.

components as

well as the

modulus

reads in the

of elasticity utilized in the

repair or the parent structure, the angle theta,

It

It

and the element area.

then calculates the stress tensor using the constitutive relation.

From

this point

onward, the program

is

the

same as the TRANS3

program.

These programs are illustrated by solving the verification example,

as

shown

below.

47

2-D

PROBLEM

(Plane Stress

[90 4

48

ADINA-IN

INPUT

FILE

THV2D.IN ANALYSIS OF UNISOTROPIC PLATE

A
A

FILEUNITS LIST=8 LOG = 7 ECHO=7

CONTROL PLOTUNIT=CM
COLORS BCODE=BLUE
A

DATABASE CREATE
WORKSTATION DEVICE=0
A

HEAD 'THV2D.IN ANALYSIS OF UNISOTROPIC PLATE

90,90 DEG

)'

MASTER IDOF=000111
PRINTOUT VOLUME=MAXIMUM P=STRAINS
PORTHOLE FORMATTED=YES FILE=60
A

COORDINATES
ENTRIES NODE
1

Y
20.

-20.

20.

-20.
20.
-20.

5
6
7

20.

-20.

0.

20.
20.
5.
5.

-5.
-5.

-20.
-20.
-20.

A
A

FIXB 123
FIXB 13

MATERIAL

ORTHOTROPIC EA=181.E05 EB=10.3E05 EC=10.3E05,

NUAB=0.0159 NUAC=0.0159 NUBC=0.28 GAB=7 17E05

EGROUP 1 T/::isdl:e zZ7-z~~2 tables

GSURFACE
4
3 el1=1 el2=1 nodes=9
GSURFACE 5 6 8 7 el1=1 el2=1 nodes=9
STRESSTABLE 1 9
EDATA
ENTRIES- EL THICK
BET TABLE

12

0.1
0.1

90
90

1
1

LOADS ELEMENT
2
1
-3.0E04
A

EGROUP 2 TW0D50LID STRESS2 TABLES

GSURFACE 3 4 6 5 EL1=1 EL2=1 NODES=9
STRESSTABLE 1 9
EDATA
ENTRIES EL THICK
BET TABLE
1

0.1

90

VIEW ID=1 XVIEW=1 YVIEW=0 ZVIEW=0

EGZONE NAME=TWODSOLID
1/2

49

FRAME HEADING=UPPER XSF=1.0 YSF=0.5 XFMAX=22.5 YFMAX=17.0

MESH ZONE=TWODSOLID NODES^ll ELEMENT=2 BCODE=ALL VIEW=1
A

ADINA
A

END

50

W
O

o
o
o

o
o

o
I

in

in

a.

in

in

o
+
W
o
o
o
n

o
+
U
o
o
o

(N

r-~

t~{ i-H
i

ww
O
a
o

CO CD
in cn

in ro
** en
rs

oo

o o

in

ww
m in
H

tsi

oo
+
Ww
o ro in"
o
1

Z
W

VJD

2:

ro

in in

oo
+
W UJ
o
o in
O kD
1

r--

r-t

oo

w
cs

.-1

ww
^^
n

W
CO
CJ H
f,

r-l iX>

CD VD
# TC

X)

r-l

Cm

tH

t}-

ro

OO
10

2
O

O ro
+

WW

O
O
O

D
U

<
u

ro

ro
UD

WW
O
O ro
O

<*

^r

t-i

r-\

\S>

OO

C0

OM
Ou

CO
CO

to

51

w
o

O
o
o
cr>
i

o
o
+
U
o
o
o
o

U
co
Q
o
en
in

o
+
W
o
o
o

en

rn

><
a,

u
o
o

aw
o

to

co in
ro

1-1

Cu

D
o
a
u

r-)

en

in

r^i

co

oo
+

CO CO
rin
10

o
o
o

w
r
u

oo

ij
co

a
o

r-4

O
I

W
CM
en

Cm

CO
--H

oo

CO

2
o
n
H

on
oo
+

CO CO

O
om
o
o
oo

.-H

<>
*J-

cq

<
<
u
CO

co
co

W
a

mh
oM
a,

co

CO

u
a
H
co

52

2-D

PROBLEM

(Plane Stress

[90 2 /75 2

s)

*Also includes output of MIC-MAC

showing the laminate stiffness Ei
column w, rows 22-28)

53

program
(page 2,

ABCDEFG

2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10

MK>MAC/IH-PLANE:{lthta/ ,l ] J
823=
-82.5;
[theta]
j

[/group]!

1.0!

1.0;

;Ply

.}S

82.5;

-82.5j

Ijol

1.0!

[repeat]

6.08;

6.08;

6.08;

R/FPF

R/degradedj

627!

627:

627!

627:

R/LPF

<sig>lim ;<sig>lim*! <sig>ult

O.OOj

O.j

O.j

O.j

0.25;

250.1

1045.!

0.00!

0.!

0.;

11

<sigrna>

[Rotate]

0.00

1.0!

6.08j

safety

1.50

627;

R/uK

627

4.18!

R/lim*

R/lim

or k/iri

h,E-3

8.0!

6.08!

{N}/4N/m

h,

1.0

R/intact

HI

mat: |T3/N52lSI]

E*u/E

{E)lim

4.18

A
1

0.|

10.5!

0.436;

1045.!

1567.;

173.4!

0.997;

O.l

OJ

9.8!

0.579!

12

13
14
15
16
17
18
19

{N} lim

!<eps>E-3! <eps>1im!<eps>lim^ <eps>u1t lalph

:

"~

1"

0^-6

beta o

OJQof

075J

-3T4T"

1.041

1.44!

6.03;

6.03;

9.04!

21794J
-0278;

-0.008!

0.00]_

0.00!

0.00{

0.00!

0.00;

0.000!

0.000!

Baseline

20

[Modified];

21

Mod/Bsb

22
23

Mod-Bsln

/Q-iso

24
25

stiffness

strength

T opr

c, moist

0.005!

22.0;

0.005;

0.70!

3.40|

1.000!

1.000!

LOCK)]

1.000;

at limit

0.70;

O.OOOJ Hot/Vet
at ult

2.30;

2.30;

REF!j

REF!J

to Ply

Data

3.40;

File

-4.71

Efx

Xrn

259!

3.40!

22.0!

0.0;

26
27 Ply data linked
28 T3/N52[SII
29
1500]
30
-0.5;

Em

vol/f

-3T4I

40.0!

40.of

Xfx

jEm/Em

2143;

2143J

0.30

1.000;

1.000;

1.000

259;

40.0;

2143!

181;

l6il

028!

7.17i

1500!

40;

246;

68;

1.2!

22;

125!

0.7!

1.6!

0.516!

0.5!

02!

0.9!

3.4J

J::*::
:![

122;

160P
0.005;

31

0.02;

22.5!

0;

0.6j

0.316;

0.004!

0.004;

2000;

32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40

69.7!

325;

0.916!

1.56;

0!

0;

Oj

Oj

-j

J
j

j-

!
\

54

0.30

.000!

259;
1

0.581!

2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11

12
13
14
15
16
17

RSTUVVX

INTACT LAMINATE MODULUS MODULE

[Angle]

[theta]

theta/1

theta/3

theta/4

-82.5:

.oi

1.0}

loi

i.q|

-3E+00J
-6E+00!

3E+00J

3E+00:

-3E+00I h+/r+,*

6E+00;

6E+00!

-6E+00!

r*Zgr&LJ
|

4X,rad

Topr*

1.00!

0.75;

0.50J

0251

0.75:

0.50:

0.25;

0.00:

025;

0.25!

0.25!

6.25;

Bottz*
dei(z*)

Stiff

22

21 = 12

61 = 16

62=26

_ 66

[Q]/2

[Q]/1

11

19

4
j

h+

[Q]/4

[Q]/3

10.63!

10.6-3!

176.25;

176251

176.25;

17625!

0.18;

IE-Oil

5.54J

5.54;

5.54;

5.54;

O.Olf

4E-03;

9.81;

9.81J

_9iM}_

9.8jj

0.01;

7E-Q3j

6.01

-124!

124;

"TSi

-1.24:

0.66!

3E-04;

26.95!

20.95;

-2"6.95:

6.00;

5E-03J

2E-05I

j[a*]

JlaJ/n/GNJ

Ei

>

95.67:

1E-01!

22

5.77!

6E-03;

-3 .Oil

-3E-03!

101.93;

1E-01;

9.81

-20.95;

11

21 = 12

8E-03;

10.63!

|A|

Compl

[A*]

[A]

10.63!

21

32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40

1E-03!

20

31

[REPTJ+

2X/ad

22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30

82.5;

hygrothermal constants

82.5:

-82.5;

1?_

theta/2

- elastic and

10.45:
j

173.36;
0.031

66

61 = 16

0.00!

OE+00!

O.Oo!

62=26

0.00;

OE+00;

0.00!

ill

Nonnwchanical stress(Pa) and strain

V*/1A
V*/3A

-2E-01!
-6E-02;
p*n /T

2
6

V*/iA

rho

-2E-01J

-2E-01I

-1E+00!

6E-02J

6E-02;

-6E-02J

OE+00;

-2E-01

p*n /c

sig'n /T

sig'n /c

alpha

relrho
eps/iso

beta

0.581

4E+00:

2E-04!

6E+00:

21.7941

-8E-05I

-2E+00!

7E-05j

2E+00;

-0278;

OE+OOj

OE+OOj

0.000;

-2E-06:

0.001!

nu/iso
fn(nu)

eps'n

8E-03!

7E-04:

e/x

2E-03;

-1E-05;

e/y

8E-04|

-0.0011

OE+00!

OE+00;

e/s

OE+00;

O.OOOj

R=X/|sioJ

2E-04!

sig'n

E,GPa

X,MPa

55

rel stiff

-0. 008 spec stiff

j

O.OOOj

spec R

ABCDEFG

MIC-MAC/IN-PLANE:{[th*ta/],

-82.5;

[theta]

MVgroupl'

1.0!

[Ply

.}S

82.5;

82.5;

-82.5!

.0!

1.0!

I.Oj

1.0

HI

mat: jT3/N52(5l]

[repeat]

h,

h,E-3
8.0;

jlRotate]

-7.50

1.0;

5
6
7
8

1.50

2.86;

2.32;

2.32;

2.86!

R/FPF

2.32!

safety

R /degraded;

321;

3.61!

3.61;

321!

R/LPF

321!

R/uU

R/lim

2.14!

R/Hm*
EWE'l

R/intact

{N},MN/mor

k/in

<sigma>

<sig>lim !<sig>1im*; <sig>ult

{E}lim

321

0.00!

oj

O.j

Oj

0.;

10.6;

0.43ej

10

0.25;

250.;

535.;

535.;

802.!

138.7!

0.851;

11

0.00!

OJ

O.j

OJ

O.j

9.8!

0.569J

12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19

{N} lim

!<eps>E-3

<eps>lim!<eps>lim* <eps>ult ;a1ph o,E-6

1.801

3.85!

3.85;

5.78;

0.098;

0.002;

-2.74;

-5.85!

-5.85]

-8.78!

-5.713;

-0.152;

Xm

Xfx

0.53;

0.00!

T opr

beta o

-2.34;

-1.56;

0.00!

-1.56;

-0.73!

2.14

c,moist

Em

Yol/'f

21.417;

Efx

0.571;

;Em/Em

22.0!

0.005;

0.70!

3.40!

259!

40.0;

2143!

0.30

20

[Modified];

22.0;

0.005!

0.70;

3.40;

259;

40.0!

2143!

0.30

21

Mod/Bsln!

1.000]

1.000;

1.000

Baseline

1.000;

1.000;

1.000;

1.000;

1.000;

22 Mod-Bsln
0.0;
0.000! Hot/Vet
23
/Q-iso
at limit
at ult
24 stiffness
1.36!
0.96;
25
strength
REF!!
*REF!;
26
27 Ply data linked to Ply Data File
28 T3/N52[Sl|
181!
10.3;
0.28;
29
246~!
1500!
1500;
40;
30
-0.5]
125;
0.7;
1.6;

3.40;

259;

40.0;

2143!

31

0.02;

22.5;

0;

32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40

69.7;

325!

0.916!

7.17!

3.4;

122;

68;

12;

22

0.516!

0.5!

02!

0.6!

0.316;

0.004!

1.56!

0!

0:

i1

56

SO;

0.005^
0.9!

2000=

0!

0!

0.004

R
1

- elastic and

INTACT LAMINATE MODULUS MODULE

[Angle]

[theta]

5
6

IVgrpj

1.0:

(.Oi

1.61

2X,rad

3E+00!

3E+00:

3E+00:

3E+00; r7r+,*

7
8
9
10

4X,rad

6E+00!

6E+00!

5E+00J

5E+00;

Bottr*

11

del(z*)

theta/i

theta/2

Topr*

theta/4

75.0!

[REPT]+

75.0!
1.0]

.00?

0.75;

0.50!

025;

0.50:

025;

0.00:

025|

025;

025!

0.25!

h+
1E-03":

14

20

[Q]/1

Stiff

{01/3

[Ql/2

[Q]/4

32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40

181.81!

160.47;

160.47!

21 = 12

2.90!

2.90;

12.751

12.75;

0.01

7E-03;

66

7.17;

7.17:

17.03;

17.03:

0.01!

1E-02:

61 = 16

0.00!

0.00!

4.36J

4.36!

0.00;

2E-03!

62=26

6.00!

6.00:

38.50;

38.50!

6.02!

2E-02!

181. 81

11.98!

0.01

Compl

[aj/n/GN

Eio

10.63:

11

94.04!

9E-02J

22

7.21;

-2.91!

7E-03J
-3E-03!

102.30!

1E-01!

9.78;

-12.32!

-1E-02!

-0.13!

21 = 12

66

61=16
62=26

-10.94;
j

-1E-02!

-3E-01:

-3E-01!

3E-17;

3E-17j

p n

p'n /c

2E-04;

2
6

/T

-8E-05!
A
!

6
1

sig

no

4E+00!
-2E+00;

ep'no

-2E-01!

1E-01]

lE-6lj

sig'n /T

A
I

2E-04!

E v GPa

-1.52!
:

-2E-01

138.75J
0.03:

Nonmechanital stress(Pa) and strain

V*/1A
V*/3A

IE-Oil

2E-05!

!(a*]

0.17J

|A|

9E-03;

10.35;

10.35!

11

22

31

[A*]

[A]

11.98;

21

22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30

12
13

15
16
17
18
19

0.75;

theta/3

90.0!

90.0!

hygrothermal constants

sig n /c

6E+00:

V*/iA

rho

-9E-01

R=X/|sig|
rel rho

3E-01;
alpha

XJiPa

21.417;

eps/iso

beta

0.571;

rel stiff

7E-05J

2E+00!

0.098!

-2E-05:

-6E-01!

-5.713]

-2E-06J
8E-04|

0.001!

nu/iso

-0.001!

fn(nu)

OE+OO;

O.OOO!

8E-03!

7E-04;

e/x

2E-03J
-7E-04:

6E-07:

e/y

-2E-04!

e/s

57

0.002! spec stiff

-0.152!

spec R

ADINA-IN

INPUT

FILE

A
*

THV2D.IN ANALYSIS OF UNISOTROPIC PLATE

A
A

FILEUNITS LIST=8 LOG=7 ECHO =7

CONTROL PLOTUNIT=CM
COLORS BCODE=BLUE
A

DATABASE CREATE
WORKSTATION DEVICES
A

HEAD 'THV2D.IN ANALYSIS OF UNISOTROPIC PLATE

90,75 DEG

)'

MASTER IDOF=000111
PRINTOUT VOLUME=MAXIMUM P=STRAINS
PORTHOLE FORMATTED=YES FILE=60
A

COORDINATES
ENTRIES NODE

20.
-20.
20.

-20.

1
2

20.
20.
5.
5.

20.

-20.

-5.
-5.

20.

-20.

-20.
0.

-20."

-20.

A
A

FIXB 123
FIXB 13

MATERIAL

ORTHOTROPIC EA=173 36E05 EB=10.45E05 EC=10.3E05,

NUAB=0.03 NUAC=0.03 NUBC=0.28 GAB=9.B1E05
.

EGROUP 1 TWODSOLID STRESS2 TABLES

GSURFACE 1 2
3 EL1=1 EL2=1 NODES=9
GSURFACE 5 6
7 EL1=1 EL2=1 NODES=9
STRESSTABLE 1 9
EDATA
ENTRIES EL THICK
BET TABLE
1

0.1
0.1

82.5
82.5

1
1

LOADS ELEMENT
1
2
-3.0E04
A

EGROUP 2 TWODSOLID STRESS2 TABLES

GSURFACE 3 4
5 EL1=1 EL2=1 NODES=9
STRESSTABLE 1 9
EDATA
ENTRIES EL THICK
BET TABLE
1

0.1

82.5

A
A

VIEW ID=1'XVIEW=1 YVIEW=0 ZVIEW=0

EGZONE NAME=TWODSOLID
1/2

58

FRAME HEADING=UPPER X5F=1.0 YSF=0.5 XFMAX=22.5 YFMAX=17.0

MESH ZONE=TWODSOLID N0DES=11 ELEMENT=2 BCODE=ALL VIEW=1
A

ADINA
A

END

59

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60

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3-D

PROBLEM
[90 4

62

ADINA-IN

*
A
*

iftPUT

FILE

THV3D.IN EIGHT SYMMETRIC LAYER USING 3-D.

FILEUNITS LIST=8 L0G = 7 ECH0=7

CONTROL PLOTUNIT=CM
COLORS BCODE=BLUE
A

DATABASE CREATE
WORKSTATION DEVICE=0
A

HEADING

'

90,90 DEG aaa'

THV3D.IN; ***EIGHT LAYERS SOLUTION

MASTER IDOF=000111
PRINTOUT VOLUME=MAXIMUM IPD=1 IPRIC=0 P=STRAINS
PORTHOLE FORMATTED=YES FILE=60
A

COORDINATES

ENTRIES NODE

-20.

20.

3
4

-20.

5
6

-20.

-20.

20.
-20.20.
-20.
20.
-20.
20.

-5.

-20.

20.
20.
20.
20.

20.
20.

10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18

20.
0.
0.
5.
0.
5.

101
102
103
104
105
106
107

15.

7.68
15.
15.

-20.
-20.
-5.
-5.

-20.
-20.
-5.
5.
5.

20.
20.
5.
5.

0.

10.
10.

2.68
10.
10.

-10.

0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.
0.
0.
0.

0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.
0.
0.
0.

0.1
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.

*============== ======================================
*NOTE THE MAXES MEANS
1=90DEG 2=15 3=75 4=45 5=-45
*===================================================
MATERIAL 1 ORTHOTROPIC 181. E05 10.3E05 10.3E05 0.0159 0.0159 0.28,
GAB=7.17E05 7.17E05 7.17E05
:

12435687
12435687

EGROUP 1 THREEDSOLID MATERIALS TABLES

GVOLUME
EL1=1 EL2=1 EL3=4 NODES=27
GVOLUME 9 10 12 11 13 14 16 15 EL1=1 EL2=1 EL3=4 NODES=27
AGVOLUME
EL1=1 EL2=1 EL3=4 N0DES=8
AGVOLUME 9 10 12 11 13 14 16 15 EL1=1 EL2=1 EL3=4 N0DES=8
GSURFACE 11 12 16 15 EL1=1 EL2=4 N0=9
LINE STRAIGHT 17 18 EL=4 M=l NC=ALL
AXES -ORTHOTROPIC 1 NODI=101 N0DJ=103 NODK=102
AXES-ORTHOTROPIC 2 NODI=101 NODJ=104 NODK=102
AXES-ORTHOTROPIC 3 NODI=101 NODJ=105 NODK=102
AXES-ORTHOTROPIC 4 NODI=101 NODJ=106 NODK=102

63

AXES-ORTHOTROPIC 5 NODI = 101 NODJ=107 NODK=102

*STRESSTABLE
21 26 27
STRESSTABLE 1 21
EDATA / ENTRIES EL TABLE MAXES

112345678
1

5
6

LOADS ELEMENT
2

-3. 0E04

TO

3.0E04
FIXB 123 LINES / 17 18
FIXB 23 SURFACES /
11 12 16 15
*FIXB 23 LINES / 12 16 / 16 11 / 11 15

15 16

A
A

EGROUP 2 THREEDSOLID MATERIALS TABLES

GVOLUME 3 4 10 9 7 8 14 13 EL1=1 EL2=1 EL3=4 NODES=27
*GVOLUME 3 4 10 9 7 8 14 13 EL1 = 1 EL2=1 EL3=4 N0DES=8
AXES-ORTHOTROPIC 1 NODI=101 NODJ=103 NODK=102
AXES-ORTHOTROPIC 2 NODI=101 NODJ=104 N0DK=102
AXES-ORTHOTROPIC 3 NODI=101 NODJ=105 NODK=102
AXES-ORTHOTROPIC 4 NODI=101 N0DJ=106 N0DK=102
AXES-ORTHOTROPIC 5 NODI=101 NODJ=107 NODK=102
^ STRESSTABLE 112 3 4 5 6 7 8 21 26 27
STRESSTABLE 1 21
EDATA / ENTRIES EL TABLE MAXES

EGZONE NAME=THREEDSOLID / 1 / 2
FRAME HEADING=UPPER XSF=1.0 YSF=0.5 XFMAX=22.5 YFMAX=17.0
MESH ZONE=THREEDSOLID NODES=01 ELEMENT=1 HIDDEN =DASHED BCODE-ALL
A

ADINA
A

END

64

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THV3D.IN EIGHT SYMMETRIC LAYER USING 3-D.

FILEUNITS LIST=8 L0G = 7 ECH0=7

CONTROL PLOTUNIT=CM
COLORS BCODE=BLUE
A

DATABASE CREATE
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A

HEADING

'

THV3D.IN; AAAEIGHT LAYERS SOLUTION

90,75 DEG *aa

'

MASTER IDOF=000111
PRINTOUT VOLUME=MAXIMUM IPD=1 IPRIC=0 P=STRAINS
PORTHOLE FORMATTED=YES FILE=60
A

COORDINATES

ENTRIES NODE

-20.

20.

-20.

20.

5
6

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Y
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102
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104
105
106
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A======================================r=============
*NOTE THE MAXES MEANS
1=90DEG 2=15 3=75 4=45 5=-45
A=====================================================
MATERIAL 1 ORTHOTROPIC 181. E05 10.3E05 10.3E05 0.0159 0.0159 0.28,
GAB=7.17E05 7.17E05 7.17E05
:

12435687
12435687

EGROUP 1 THREEDSOLID MATERIALS TABLES

GVOLUME
EL1=1 EL2=1 EL3=4 N0DES=27
GVOLUME 9 10 12 11 13 14 16 15 EL1=1 EL2=1 EL3=4 NODES=27
AGVOLUME
EL1=1 EL2=1 EL3=4 N0DES=8
^GVOLUME 9 10 12 11 13 14 16 15 EL1=1 EL2=1 EL3=4 N0DES=8
GSURFACE 11 12 16 15 EL1=1 EL2=4 N0=9
LINE STRAIGHT 17 18 EL=4 M=l NC=ALL
AXES-ORTHOTROPIC 1 NODI=101 NODJ=103 NODK=102
AXES-ORTHOTROPIC 2 NODI=101 NODJ=104 NODK=102
AXES-ORTHOTROPIC 3 NODI=101 NODJ=105 NODK=102
AXES-ORTHOTROPIC 4 NODI=101 NODJ=106 NODK=102

68

AXES-ORTHOTROPIC 5 NODI=101 NODJ=107 NODK=102

* STRESSTABLE
21 26 27
STRESSTABLE 1 21
EDATA / ENTRIES EL TABLE MAXES

112345678

111
13
2

4
5

6
7

8
A

11
11
13
13
11
1

LOADS ELEMENT
3.0E04
TO
3.0E04
A

FIXB 123 LINES / 17 18

FIXB 23 SURFACES /
11 12 16 15
AFIXB 23 LINES / 12 16 / 16 11 / 11 15

15

16

A
A

EGROUP 2 THREEDSOLID MATERIALS TABLES

GVOLUME 3 4 10 9 7 8 14 13 EL1=1 EL2=1 EL3 = 4 N0DES=27
AGVOLUME 3 4 10 9 7 8 14 13 EL1=1 EL2=1 EL3=4 NODES=8
AXES-ORTHOTROPIC 1 NODI=101 NODJ=103 N0DK=102
AXES-ORTHOTROPIC 2 NODI=101 NODJ=104 NODK=102
AXES-ORTHOTROPIC 3 NODI=101 NODJ=105 N0DK=102
AXES-ORTHOTROPIC 4 NODI=101 N0DJ=106 NODK=102
AXES-ORTHOTROPIC 5 N0DI=101 NODJ=107 NODK=102
ASTRESSTABLE
21 26 27
STRESSTABLE 1 21
EDATA / ENTRIES EL TABLE MAXES

112345678

111
13
2
3
4

A
A

13
11

EGZONE NAME=THREEDSOLID / 1 / 2
FRAME HEADING=UPPER XSF=1.0 YSF=0.5 XFMAX=22.5 YFMAX=17.0
MESH ZONE^THREEDSOLID NODES=01 ELEMENT=1 HIDDEN=DASHED BCODE=ALL
A

ADINA
A

END

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84

'

AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
PROGRAM CLAREA
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
C

C
C
C
C
C
C

THIS PROGRAM WHICH READS THE NODAL POINT COORDINATE, AS WELL READS
THE NODES DEFINING THE ELEMENT AREA, AND READS THE ANGLE OF ELEMENT
ORIENTATION FROM FILES CREATED FROM THE MAIN ADINA OUTPUT FILE.
IN ADDITION THIS PROGRAM CALCULATES THE MINIMUM AREA.
BEFORE RUNING THE PROGRAM VERIFY THE # OF ELEMENT NEL
THE #OF NODES
(

(NNOD).

INTEGER
IEL, NEL, NNOD, INOD
PARAMETER
NEL=12 ,NN0D=196
INTEGER
INODE(NEL,4) ,N0DE(4)
REAL
C00R(NN0D,20) AREA AREA2 AREA NEL)
REAL
B1,B2,C1,C2,BB1,BB2,CC1,CC2
REAL
X 4 Y 4
CHARACTER* 10 FNAME1 ,FNAME2 FNOUT
(

WRITE (5, *) 'ENTER FILES NAMES FROM ADINA OUTPUT FILE?

WRITE (5, A) 'NODAL POINT DATA FN ?'
FNAME1
READ (5, (A
OPEN (UNIT= 16, FILE=FNAME1, STATUS OLD'
WRITE (5, *) 'NODAL POINT DATA FN
,FNAME1
,FNAME1
WRITE (3,*) 'NODAL POINT DATA FN
WRITE (5,*) 'ELEMENTS NODES FN ?
READ (5, (A)
FNAME2
OPEN (UNIT=15,FILE=FNAME2,STATUS= OLD'
,FNAME2
WRITE (5, *) 'ELEMENTS NODES FN
,FNAME2
WRITE (3, *) 'ELEMENTS NODES FN
WRITE (5, A) 'ENTER THE NAME OF ELEMENTS AREAS FILE
READ (5, (A)
FNOUT
OPEN (UNIT=13,FILE=FNOUT,STATUS='NEW
', FNOUT
WRITE (5, *) 'AREAS OF ELEMENTS FILE
', FNOUT
WRITE (3, A) 'AREAS OF ELEMENTS FILE
)

'

'

'

'

'

'

'

'

'

'

DIFINING X,Y COORDINATES FROM NODAL POINT DATA FILE

NNOD
'XCOOR
YCOOR'
(5 30)
YCOOR'
NNOD' 'XCOOR
(3 30)
50 1 = 1, NNOD
INOD, 112, 113, 114, 115, 116
READ (16,

WRITE
WRITE
DO

'

'

117, 118, 119, 1110,1111,

1112,1113, II14,C00R(I,1) C00R(I,2) ,A17, 1118,1119
WRITE (5 40)I,COOR(I,1) ,COOR(I,2)
WRITE (3 40)I,COOR(I,1) ,C00R(I,2)
CONTINUE
)

*
*

50
A

*
A

DIFINING ELEMENT'S NODES FROM ELEM. NODES FN.

WRITE C5,10) 'NEL' ,. NODE1

'NODE2' 'NODE3' 'NODE4'
N0DE4
NODE3
NODE2
WRITE (3,10) 'NEL', NODE1
AMIN=2000.0
DO 100 IEL=1,NEL
READ (15, *) IIEL,I2,I3,I4,I5,I6,I7,I8,A9,A10,I11,INODE(IEL,1)
&
INODE(IEL,2) ,INODE(IEL,3) INODE( IEL ,4 ,116,117,118,119
WRITE(5,20) IIEL,INODE(IEL,
INODEdEL 2) INODEdEL 3)
,

'

'

'

'

'

'

'

'

INODE(IEL,4)
WRITE(3,20) IIEL,INODE(IEL, 1) INODEdEL
INODE(IEL,4)
NODE(l) = INODEdEL 1)
NODE(2) = INODEdEL 2)
,

85

'

2)

INODEdEL

3)

N0DE(3)
N0DE(4)

'

IN0DE(IEL,3)
IN0DE(IEL,4)

k
*

DIFINING THE X,Y COORD. TO NODE(l)

N0DE(4)

WRITE (5,30)
WRITE (3,30)

'NNOD'
'NNOD'

'XCOOR'
'XCOOR'

,
'

YCOOR

'YCOOR'

DO 80 J = l,4
DO 70 1=1, NNOD
IF (I.EQ.NODE(J)
THEN
X(J) = COOR(I,l)
Y(J) = COOR(I,2)
WRITE (5,40)I,X(J) ,Y(J)
WRITE (3,40)I,X(J) ,Y( J)
GO TO 80
END IF
)

CONTINUE
CONTINUE

70
80
*
A

ELEMENTS AREA CALCULATION.

Bl = Y(3)
B2 = Y(4)
CI = X(4)
C2
X(3)
BB1 = Y(4)
BB2 = Y(l)
CC1 = X(l)

CC2

Y(4)
Y(2)
- X(3)
- X(2)
- Y(l)
- Y(2)
- X(4)
X(2) - X(l)
-

110

= ABS(C2*B1
C1*B2) / 2.0
AREA2 = ABS(CC2*BB1
CC1*BB2) / 2.0
AREA(IEL) = AREA1 +AREA2
AEL=AREA(IEL)
AMIN = MIN(AMIN,AEL)
WRITE (5,90) IIEL,AREA(IEL) ,AMIN
WRITE (3,90) IIEL,AREA(IEL) ,A>1IN
CONTINUE
DO 110 1=1, NEL
WRITE (13, 95)1, AREA(I) AMIN
WRITE (5,95)I,AREA(I) ,AMIN
CO NT IN'

10
20
30
40
90
95

FORMAT /5(A7,4X)/70( '-'

FORMAT //5(I7,4XW)
FORMAT /3(A7,4X) /40( '-'
FORMAT (/I7,4X,2E11.3)
FORMAT (//1X, 'AREA( ,12,
FORMAT (//1X,I2,2F10.2)

AP.EA1

100

'

'

STOP
END

86

',2F10.2

))

))

AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
PROGRAM TRANS3
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
C
THIS PROGRAM TRANFORMS THE STRESSES OUTPUT FROM ADINA,
EXPRESSED IN THE GLOBAL STRUCTURE COORDINATE SYSTEM, TO
C
C
THE PRINCIPAL MATERIAL COORDINATE. AND THEN, CALCULATES THE
RELIABILTY PER STRESS COMPONENT AND PER ELEMENT AND FINALLY
C
EVALUATES THE TOTAL RELIABILITY. ALL THAT BY CALLING THE
C
SUBROUTINE HEREIN.
C
C
NEL
# OF TOTAL ELEMENTS.
,SYZ
SX,SY,
THE STRESS IN GLOBAL COORDINATE SYSTEM.
C
THETA
C
THE LAYUP ANGLE PER ELEMENT.
S1,S2,
S6
THE STRESS IN THE MATERIAL PRINCIPAL COORDINATE.
C
C
R1,R2
,R6
THE RELIABILITY PER STRESS COMPONENT.
C
RT1,RT2,
.RT6
THE TOTAL RELIABILTY OF STRUCTURE PER COPMPONENT.
C
RE
THE RELIABILITY PER ELEMENT
C
THE TOTAL RELIABILITY.
RT
C
ALF
THE SHAPE FUNCTION PARAMER FOR WEIBULL
BEFORE RUNNING THE PROGRAM VERIFY IN THE PROGRAM THE ANGLE THETA
C
INPUT AND THE # OF ELEMENT. AND ALSO VERIFY THE MATERIAL PROEPRTIES
C
GIVEN IN SUBROUTINE BETA.
C
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
INTEGER NEL
PARAMETER (NEL=12,PI = 3.1415927
PARAMETER ROWS=100 ,C0LS=6 ,COLSl=7
INTEGER ITHETA(NEL)
REAL*8 A(ROWS,COLS) B (ROWS COLS ,C ROWS COLS1
REAL SX NEL S Y NEL SZ NEL SXY NEL SXZ NEL SYZ NEL
REAL L M THETA NEL THETAF NEL ALF
CHARACTERA20 FNAME,FNOUT,FNAMEl ,FNAME2
.

WRITE (5, A) 'ENTER INPUT STRESS FN ?'

FNAME
READ 5 , A
WRITE (5, A) 'INPUT STRESS FN = ', FNAME
OPEN (UNIT=15,FILE=FNAME,STATUS='OLD'
WRITE (5, A) 'ENTER INPUT ELEM. ANGLE FN?'
READ (5, (A)
FNAME2
,FNAME2
WRITE (5, A) 'INPUT ELEM. ANGLE FN =
OPEN (UNIT=16,FILE=FNAME2,STATUS='0LD'
WRITE (5,*) 'ENTER AREAS OF ELEMENTS FN ?'
READ (5, (A)
FNAME1
OPEN (UNIT=17,FILE=FNAMEl,STATUS='OLD'
ENTER OUTPUT FN ?'
WRITE (5, A)
READ (5, (A)
FNOUT
OPEN (UNIT=13,FILE=FNOUT,STATUS='NEW'
WRITE (13, A) 'INPUT STRESS FN = ', FNAME
,FNAME2
WRITE (13, A) 'INPUT ELEM. ANGLE FN =
WRITE (13,*) 'INPUT AREAS OF ELEMENTS FN =',FNAME1
OUTPUT FN =', FNOUT
WRITE (13, *)
)

'

'

'

'

'

'

'

'

'

'

'

'

A
*

INPUT OF ANGLE (THETA) FOR EA. ELEMENT

DO 20 1=1, NEL

N,I2,I3,I4,I5,I6,ITHETA(I) 18 A9 ,A10 111

112,113,114,115,116,117,118,119
IF (ITHETA(I) .EQ.l) THETA(I) =90.0
IF (ITHETA(I) .EQ.3) THETA(I) =75.0
WRITE (5,25) N,THETA(I)
THETAF(I) = THETA(I)* PI/ 180.0
CONTINUE

READ (16,
&

20

*)

87

WRITE (13,

) )

'

'OUTPUT :',FNOUT

^)

^TRANSFORMATION OF STRESSES TO PRINCIPAL AXES STRESS

WRITE (13,11) 'NEL' ,'SX' ,'SY'

SZ ',' SXY ',' SXZ ',' SYZ ',' ANGLE'
DO 55 1=1, NEL
READ (15, A) IEL,NOD,SX(I> ,SY(I) ,SZ(I),SXY(I),SXZ(I) ,SYZ(I)
THETAF(I)*180.0 / PI
THETA(I)
WRITE (13,61) IEL,SX(I) ,SY(I) ,SZ(I) ,SXY(I) ,SXZ(I) ,SYZ(I)
THETA I
&
,

'

L=COS(THETAF(I)
M=SIN(THETAF(I)
A(I,1)= SX(I)ML^2) + SY(I)MM**2) + 2*SXY I ^L^M
A(I,2)= SX(I)A(M^A2) + SY(I)ML**2) - 2*SXY(I)*L*M
A(I,3)= SZ(I)
A(I,6)= -SX(I)*L*M + SY(I)^MAL + SXY(I)ML**2 - M**2)
A(I,5)= SYZ(I)*M + SXZ(I)*L
A(I,4)= SYZ(I)*L - SXZ(I)*M
CONTINUE
S6
'S5' 'S4'
WRITE (13,10) 'NEL' 'SI' 'S2' 'S3'
DO BO 1=1, NEL
WRITE (13,60) I,A(I,1) ,A(I,2) ,A(I,3) ,A(I,6) ,A(I,5) ,A(I,4)
CONTINUE
(

55

80

'

'

^SUBROUTINES FOR CALCULATING THE RELIABILITY

CALL BETA A, B, NEL)

WRITE (5, ^) 'INPUT ALFA'
READ (5, A) ALF
WRITE (13, *) 'ALFA
,ALF
CALL ALFA A, B, NEL, ALF)
CALL RELI(A,B,NEL)
CALL ELRE(B,NEL)
(

'

10
11
15
25
60
61

FORMAT
FORMAT
FORMAT
FORMAT
FORMAT
FORMAT

,1X,A10,6(A7,4X) / 1X,80('-'))
,1X,A10,7(A7,4X) / 1X,80('-'))
,12, )= ')
IX, THETA
IX, THETA
=
',F6.D
12
4X, 16 6E11 3
/
/ ,4X,I6,6E11.3,3X,F6.1)
//
//

'

'

'

'

'

'

STOP
END

+++++++++++++++++4 +++++++++
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
SUBROUTINE BETA( A B,NEL)
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
PARAMETER (ROWS=100 ,C0LS=6
REALMS AtROWS, COLS) ,B(ROWS, COLS)
REAL X(COLS) ,X1C,X2C,X3C

A + + + + + + + + + + + + 4- + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + -*

*
A

PLY STRESS

STRENGTH, RAT 10 CALCULATION

WRITE (13,10)

'NEL' 'SRI'
SR2
SR3
DO 90 1=1, NEL
C STRENGTH PROPERTIES FOR GRAPHITE EPOXY
,

'

'

'

88

'

'SR6'

'SR5'

'

SR4

) )

) )

15.0E4
0.4E4
= X(2)
=
0.68E4
= X(6)
= X(6)
X1C = -15.0E4
X2C = -2.46E4
X3C = X2C
IF (A(I,1) .LT.O) X(l) = X1C
IF (A( 1,2) .LT.O) X(2) = X2C
IF (A(I,3).LT.O) X(3) = X3C
DO 80 J=l,COLS
B(I,J) = ABS(A(I,J) / X(J)
X(l)
X(2)
X(3)
X(6)
X(4)
X(5)

CONTINUE
WRITE (13,60) I,B(I,1) ,B(I,2) ,E(I,3) ,B(I,6) ,B(I,5) ,B(I,4)
CONTINUE
FORMAT // ,1X,A10,6(A7,4X) / 1X,80('-'))
FORMAT / 4X, 16 6E11 3
RETURN
END

80
90
10
60

AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
SUBROUTINE ALFA( A B ,NEL ALF)
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
PARAMETER (ROWS=100 ,COLS=6
REAL* 8 AtROWS, COLS) ,B(ROWS, COLS
REAL AREA(IOO) ,AMIN
,

PLY STRESS

STRENGTH, RATIO RISED BY ALFA CALCULATION

WRITE (13,10)

'NEL' ,'V1' ,'V2' ,'V3' ,'V6' ,'V5' ,'V4*

DO 90 1=1, NEL

80
9

10
60
95

READ (17, ^) IIEL,AREA(I) ,AMIN

AMIN=400.
WRITE (5,95) IIEL,AREA(I) ,AMIN
WRITE (3,95) IIEL,AREA(I) ,AMIN
DO 80 J=1,C0LS
A(I,J) = B(I,J)**ALF
A(I,J) = (B(I,J)^ALF)*AREA(I)/AMIN
CONTINUE
WRITE (13,60)I,A(I,1),A(I,2),A(I,3),A(I,6),A(I,5),A(I,4)
CONTINUE
FORMAT //,1X,A10,6(A7,4X) / 1X,80('-'))
FORMAT / 4X, 16 ,6E11 3
=
FORMAT / / IX, AREA(
12
',2F10.2)
RETURN
END
(

'

'

'

AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
SUBROUTINE RELI A ,B, NEL
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
PARAMETER ROWS=l 00 ,C0LS=6
REAL*8 A(ROWS, COLS) ,B(ROWS, COLS)
(

A
*

PLY STERSS TENSOR RELIABILITY CALCULATION (WEIBULL)

WRITE (13,10)

'NEL'

'Rl'

'R2'

DO 90 1=1, NEL
DO 80 J=l,COLS

89

'R3'

'R6'

'R5'

'R4'

) )

B( I, J) = EXP -A (I, J)
CONTINUE
WRITE (13,60) I,B(I,1) ,B(I,2) ,B(I,3) ,B(I,6) ,B(I,5) ,B(I,4)
90
CONTINUE
10
FORMAT //,1X,A10,6(A7,4X) / 1X,80('-'))
60
FORMAT / 4X, 16 ,6E11 3
RETURN
END
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
SUBROUTINE ELRE(B,NEL)
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
PARAMETER ROWS=100 ,C0LS=6 ,C0LS1=7
REAL*8 B(ROWS;COLS) C(R0WS ,C0LS1 ,RT
)'-

80

^ELEMENTS RELIABILITY CALCUL., AS WELL AS "FIBER" (Rl) AND "MATRIX"

^RELIABILITY CALCUL & TOTAL STRUCTURE RELIABILITY CALCUL.
.

R2
R3
R6
R5
R4
WRITE (13,10) 'NEL' Rl
RE'
RT =1.0
C(NEL+1,1)=1.0
DO 90 1=1, NEL
C(I,C0LS1) = 1.0
DO 80 J=l,COLS
C(I,J)=B(I,J)
C(I,C0LS1) = C(I,C0LS1) a C(I,J)
C(NEL+1,J) = C(NEL+1,J) * C(I,J)
CONTINUE
RT = RT a C(I,C0LS1)
WRITE (5,60) I,C(I,1),C(I,2),C(I,3),C(I,4),C(I,5),C(I,6),C(I,7)
WRITE (13,60) I,C(I,1) ,C(I,2) ,C(I,3) ,C(I,4) ,C(I,5) ,C(I,6) ,C(I,7)
CONTINUE
WRITE (13,10) 'TOTAL REL.
RT1
RT2
RT3
RT6
'RT5
,

'

80

'

'

'

'

'

'

'

'

'

'

'

'

'

'

'

'

'

'

'

'

'

'RT4','RT'
WRITE (13,65) C(NEL+1,1) ,C(NEL+1,2) ,C(NEL+1,3) ,C(NEL+1,4)
S
C(NEL+1,5) ,C(NEL+1,6) ,RT
WRITE (5,70) RT
WRITE (13,70) RT
FORMAT //,1X,A10,7(A7,4X) / 1X,95('-'))
FORMAT / 4X, 16 7E11 3
FORMAT / 11X, 7E11 3
FORMAT (//, IX, TOTAL STRUCTURE RELIABILITY = ',E11.3 /1X,40('='))

&

10
60
65
70

'

'

RETURN
END

90

INPUT STRESS FN = THV3D.STR

INPUT ELEM. ANGLE FN = THV3D.EL
INPUT AREAS OF ELEMENTS FN =THV3D.AREA
OUTPUT FN =THV3D.REL
OUTPUT :TKV3D.REL
NEL

SX

SY

SZ

SXY

SXZ

SYZ

ANGLE

0.391E+05 -0.286E+01 -0.235E+04

0.254E+01 -0.983E+01

90.0

0.209E+05 -0.268E+01

0.235E+04

0.254E+01 -0.976E+01

75.0

0.209E+05 -0.268E+01

0.235E+04 -0.254E+01

0.976E+01

75.0

-0.279E+03

0.391E+05 -0.286E+01 -0.235E+04 -0.254E+01

0.983E+01

90.0

-0.316E+03

0.390E+05 -0.B81E+02 -0.235E+04

0.742E-01 -0.566E+00

90.0

0.243E+03

0.209E+05 -0.754E+02

0.235E+04

0.742E-01 -0.332E+00

75.0

0.243E+03

0.209E+05 -0.754E+02

0.235E+04 -0.742E-01

0.332E+00

75.0

-0.316E+03

0.390E+05 -0.881E+02 -0.235E+04 -0.742E-01

0.566E+00

90.0

-0.287E+03

0.391E+05 -0.169E+02 -0.235E+04

0.494E+00 -0.216E+01

90.0

0.270E+03

0.209E+05 -0.146E+02

0.235E+04

0.494E+00 -0.196E+01

75.0

0.270E+03

0.209E+05 -0.146E+02

0.235E+04 -0.494E+00

0.196E+01

75.0

-0.287E+03

0.391E+05 -0.169E+02 -0.235E+04 -0.494E+00

0.216E+01

90.0

-0.279E+03

0.277E+03

0.277E+03

NEL

SI

S2

S3

S6

S5

S4

0.391E+05 -0.279E+03 -C.286E+01

0.235E+04 -0.983E+01 -0.254E+01

0.207E+05

0.484E+03 -0.268E+01

0.313E+04 -0.877E+01 -0.498E+01

0.207E+05

0.484E+03 -0.26BE+01

0.313E+04

0.877E+01

0.498E+01

0.391E+05 -0.279E+03 -0.286E+01

0.235E+04

0.983E+01

0.254E+01

0.390E+05 -0.316E+03 -0.881E+02

0.235E+04 -0.566E+00 -0.742E-01

0.207E+05

0.451E+03 -0.754E+02

0.313E+04 -0.301E+00 -0.158E+00

0.207E+05

0.45IE+03 -0.754E+02

0.313E+04

0.301E+00

0.158E+00

0.390E+05 -0.316E+03 -0.881E+02

0.235E+04

0.566E+00

0.742E-01

0.391E+05 -0.287E+03 -0.169E+02

0.235E+04 -0.216E+01 -0.494E+00

10

0.207E+05

0.477E+03 -0.146E+02

0.313E+04 -0.177E+01 -0.985E+00

11

0.207E+05

0.477E+03 -0.146E+02

0.313E+04

91

0.177E+01

0.985E+00

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APPENDIX D

APPLICATIONS

We

are again considering the simply supported anisotropic square

plate with uniform tensile load, described in the former appendices.

Here, the meshing used

damaged

We

structure.

modeling a conventional repair of a

is

are thereby calculating the reliability for differ-

ent configurations.

Using the

THP3D4 program,

solved with different

mesh

sizes

paring the results for the total

the verification problem (THV3D)

(i.e.,

Com-

different element sizes).

reliability,

we may conclude

is

that the

results are in good agreement with each other (Rt(THV3D) = 0.807,

RT (THP3D4)
The

= 0.824).

THM3D4

The resulting

program analyzes the parent structure with a

total

reliability

structure will probably

The

THM3D4

fail

due

hole.

(Rt = 0.0). In other words, the

is

to the given applied load.

program simulates a repair configuration using a

weaker material (E-glass/epoxy instead

original parent

structure).

with the original

undamaged

To improve the

The

of graphite/epoxy

reliability

structure,

Rt =

total reliability, in the

used

for the

decreases in comparison
0.1.

THA3D4 program we

sim-

ulate a repair configuration by using a different lay-up orientation

([9O4]) for the

patch and, as expected, the repair causes the

structure to be more reliable, Rj = 0.87.

93

total

In

summary, from

abilities listed in the

element

(see

RT1, RT2,

RE

etc.),

all

the individual results for the

computed

programs below, we can interpret the

in the results) or the critical stress

which may represent the

composite material.

94

critical

component

fiber or the

reli-

(see

matrix of the

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ADINA-IN

*
A
A

FILE

INPUT

THP3D4.IN EIGHT SYMMETRIC LAYER USING 3-D.

FILEUNITS LIST=B L0G = 7 ECH0=7

CONTROL PLOTUNIT=CM
COLORS BCODE=BLUE
A

DATABASE CREATE
WORKSTATION DEVICE=0
A

HEADING

'

THP3D4.IN; aaaIGHT LAYERS SOLUTION

90,75 DEG aaa-

MASTER IDOF=000111
PRINTOUT VOLUME=MAXIMUM IPD=1 IPRIC=0 P=STRAINS
PORTHOLE FORMATTED=YES FILE=60
A

COORDINATES

ENTRIES NODE
1

0.

20.

-20.

0.

6
7

20.
-20.

0.

=== =

rr

20.
20.
20.

20.
-20.
0.

20.

-20.
0.

20.
5.
0.
5.

15.

7.68

= = = = = = = =

0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1

-20.
-20.
-20.

0.

101
102
103
104
105
106
107
=r

0.
0.
0.

-20.

21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29

A==============

-20.
-20.
-20.

20.

-20.

15.
15.
= = = --

0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
20.
0.
20.
0.
20.
0.
0.
0.
10.
0.
10.
0.
2.68 0.
10.
0.
0.
10.
-10.
0.

====== ===== ========

*N0TE THE MAXES MEAN

1=90DEG 2=15 3=75 4=45 5=-45
Ar== = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = =
MATERIAL 1 ORTHOTROPIC 181. E05 10.3E05 10.3E05 0.0159 0.0159 0.28,
GAB=7.17E05 7.17E05 7.17E05
:

=:

SYSTEM 1 CYLINDRIC X=0 Y=0 Z=0 PHI=0 THETA=-90. XSI=90.

XL
COORDINATES / ENTRIES NODES R THETA
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17

10.
10.
10.
10.
10.
10.
10.
10.

0.

45.
90.
135.
180.
225.
270.
315.

101

0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1

==

18
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
30

LINE
LINE
LINE
LINE
LINE
LINE
LINE
LINE
LINE
LINE
LINE
LINE
LINE
LINE
LINE
LINE

CYLINDRIC
CYLINDRIC
CYLINDRIC
CYLINDRIC
CYLINDRIC
CYLINDRIC
CYLINDRIC
CYLINDRIC
CYLINDRIC
CYLINDRIC
CYLINDRIC
CYLINDRIC
CYLINDRIC
CYLINDRIC
CYLINDRIC
CYLINDRIC

11
12
13
14

15
16
17
18
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38

10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37

10.
10.
10.
10.
10.
10.
10.
10.
10.
10.

360.
0.

45.
90.

135.
180.
225.
270.
315.
360.

MIDN0DES=1
MIDNODES=l
MIDN0DES=1
MIDN0DES=1
MIDNODES=l
MIDNODES=l
MIDNODES=l
MIDNODES=l
EL---1 MIDNODES=l
EL = 1 MIDN0DES=1
EL=1 MIDN0DES=1
EL=1 MIDN0DES=1
EL = 1 MIDNODES=l
EL = 1 MIDN0DES=1
EL = 1 MIDNODES=l
EL=1 MIDN0DES=1

EL=1
EL=1
EL=1
EL=1
EL = 1
EL=1
EL=1
EL=1

0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.

NC=A
NC=A
NC=A
NC=A
NC=A
NC=A
NC=A
NC=A
NC=A
NC=A
NC=A
NC=A
NC=A
NC=A
NC=A
NC=A

EGROUP 1 THREEDSOLID MATERIALS TABLES

GVOLUME 7 4 18 17 27 24 38 37 EL1=1 EL2=1 EL3 = 4
GVOLUME 4 1 11 10 24 21 31 30 EL1=1 EL2=1 EL3 = 4
GVOLUME 1 2 12 11 21 22 32 31 EL1=1 EL2=1 EL3 = 4
GVOLUME
3 13 12 22 23 33 32 EL1=1 EL2=1 EL3 = 4
GVOLUME
6 14 13 23 26 34 33 EL1=1 EL2=1 EL3 = 4
GVOLUME
9 15 14 26 29 35 34 EL1=1 EL2=1 EL3 = 4
GVOLUME
8 16 15 29 28 36 35 EL1=1 EL2 = 1 EL3 = 4
GVOLUME 8 7 17 16 28 27 37 36 EL1=1 EL2=1 EL3 = 4
GSURFACE 7 8 28 27
EL1 = 1 EL2=4 N0 = 9
GSURFACE 8 9 29 28
EL1=1 EL2 = 4 N0=9
AXES-ORTHOTROPIC
NODI=101 NODJ=103 NODK ao2
AXES-ORTHOTROPIC
NODI=101 N0DJ=104 NODK^ 102
AXES-ORTHOTROPIC
NODI=101 NODJ=105 NODK= ao2
AXES-ORTHOTROPIC
NODI=101 NODJ=106 NODK^ 102
AXES-ORTHOTROPIC
N0DI=101 NODJ=107 NODK' 102
^STRESSTABLE 1 1
3 4 5 6 7 8 21 26 27
STRESSTABLE 1 21
EDATA / ENTRIES EL TABLE MAXES
=

STEP

TO
29
2

STEP

TO
30
3

STEP

TO
31
4

STEP

TO
32

102

NODES=
NODES
NODES=
NODES
NODES
NODES=
NODES
NODES:

27
27
27
27
27
= 27
27
= 27
=

LOADS ELEMENT
9

-3.0E04

TO
16

-3.0E04

FIXB 123 LINES /

FIXB 23 SURFACES

28

28 27

29 28

A
A

EGROUP 2 THREEDSOLID MATERIALS TABLES

GVOLUME 11 12 5 5 31 32 25 25 EL1=1 EL2=1 EL3 = 4
GVOLUME 12 13 5 5 32 33 25 25 EL1=1 EL2 = 1 EL3=4
GVOLUME 13 14 5 5 33 34 25 25 EL1=1 EL2=1 EL3=4
GVOLUME 14 15 5 5 34 35 25 25 EL1=1 EL2=1 EL3=4
GVOLUME 15 16 5 5 35 36 25 25 EL1=1 EL2=1 EL3=4
GVOLUME 16 17 5 5 36 37 25 25 EL1=1 EL2=1 EL3=4
GVOLUME 17 18 5 5 37 38 25 25 EL1=1 EL2=1 EL3 = 4
GVOLUME 10 11 5 5 30 31 25 25 EL1=1 EL2=1 EL3=4
AXES-ORTHOTROPIC 1 NODI=101 NODJ=103 NODK=102
AXES-ORTHOTROPIC 2 NODI=101 NODJ=104 NODK=102
AXES-ORTHOTROPIC 3 NODI=101 N0DJ=105 NODK=102
AXES-ORTHOTROPIC 4 NODI=101 NODJ=106' NODK=102
AXES-ORTHOTROPIC 5 N0DI=101 NODJ=107 NODK=102
^STRESSTABLE
21 26 27
STRESSTABLE 1 21
EDATA / ENTRIES EL TABLE M/iXES

N0DES=27
NODES=27
NODES=27
N0DES=27
N0DES=27
NODES=27
NODES=27
NODES=27

112345678

STEP

TO
29

STEP

31

32

TO
30
3

STEP

STEP

13
13

TO

TO

A
A

EGZONE NAME=PARENT / 1 / 2
FRAME HEAD I NG= UPPER XSF=1.0 YSF=0.5 XFMAX=22.5 YFMAX=17.0
MESH ZONE=PARENT NODES=0 ELEMENT=1 HIDDEN=DASHED BCODE=ALL
''FRAME HEADING = UPPER XSF = 1.0 YSF = 0.5 XFMAX = 22.5 YFMAX=17.0
^MESH ZONE=PATCH NODES =0 ELEMENT=1 HIDDEN =DA5HED BCODE=ALL
A

ADINA
A

END

103

))

AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
PROGRAM TRANS3
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
C
THIS PROGRAM TRANFORMS THE STRESSES OUTPUT FROM ADINA,
C
EXPRESSED IN THE GLOBAL STRUCTURE COORDINATE SYSTEM, TO
THE PRINCIPAL MATERIAL COORDINATE. AND THEN, CALCULATES THE
C
C
RELIABILTY PER STRESS COMPONENT AND PER ELEMENT AND FINALLY
EVALUATES THE TOTAL RELIABILITY. ALL THAT BY CALLING THE
C
SUBROUTINE HEREIN.
C
# OF TOTAL ELEMENTS.
C
NEL
,SYZ
THE STRESS IN GLOBAL COORDINATE SYSTEM.
C
SX SY,
C
THE LAYUP ANGLE PER ELEMENT.
THETA
S6
THE STRESS IN THE MATERIAL PRINCIPAL COORDINATE.
C
S1,S2
C
R6
THE RELIABILITY PER STRESS COMPONENT.
R1,R2,
C
RT1,RT2,
.RT6 THE TOTAL RELIABILTY OF STRUCTURE PER COPMPONENT.
C
RE
THE RELIABILITY PER ELEMENT
C
RT
THE TOTAL RELIABILITY.
C
ALF
THE SHAPE FUNCTION PARAMER FOR WEIBULL
C
BEFORE RUNNING THE PROGRAM VERIFY IN THE PROGRAM THE ANGLE THETA
C
INPUT AND THE # OF ELEMENT. AND ALSO VERIFY THE MATERIAL PROEPRTIES
C
GIVEN IN SUBROUTINE BETA.
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
INTEGER NEL
PARAMETER (NEL=64,PI = 3.1415927
PARAMETER ROWS=100 ,C0LS=6 ,COLSl=7
INTEGER ITHETA(NEL)
REALMS A(ROWS,COLS) B(ROWS ,COLS ,C( ROWS ,COLSl
REAL SX NEL SY NEL SZ NEL SXY NEL SXZ NEL SYZ NEL
REAL L M THETA NEL THETAF NEL ALF
CHARACTER* 20 FNAME, FNOUT, FNAME1 ,FNAME2
.

WRITE (5, *) 'ENTER INPUT STRESS FN ?'

READ 5 , A
FNAME
WRITE (5,*) 'INPUT STRESS FN = ', FNAME
OPEN (UNIT=15,FILE=FNAME,STATUS='OLD'
WRITE (5, *) 'ENTER INPUT ELEM. ANGLE FN?'
READ (5, (A)
FNAME2
WRITE (5, *) 'INPUT ELEM. ANGLE FN = ',FNAME2
OPEN (UNIT=16,FILE=FNAME2,STATUS='0LD'
WRITE (5,*) 'ENTER AREAS OF ELEMENTS FN ?'
READ (5, (A)
FNAME1
OPEN (UNIT=17,FILE=FNAMEl,STATUS='OLD'
WRITE (5, *)
ENTER OUTPUT FN ?'
READ (5, (A)
FNOUT
OPEN (UNIT=13,FILE=FNOUT,STATUS='NEW'
WRITE (13, A) 'INPUT STRESS FN = ', FNAME
WRITE (13, A) 'INPUT ELEM. ANGLE FN =
,FNAME2
WRITE (13, *) 'INPUT AREAS OF ELEMENTS FN =',FNAME1
WRITE (13, *)
OUTPUT FN =', FNOUT
)

'

'

'

'

'

'

'

'

'

'

'

A
a
A

INPUT OF ANGLE (THETA) FOR EA

DO

20

ELEMENT

1=1, NEL

READ (16,
&

N,I2,I3,I4,I5,I6,ITHETA(I) 18 A9 ,A10 111

112,113,114,115,116,117,118,119
IF (ITHETA(I) .EQ.l) THETA(I) =90.0
IF (ITHETA(I) .EQ.3) THETA(I) = 7 5.0
WRITE (5,25) N,THETA(I)
THETAF(I) = THETA(I)A PI/ 180.0
CONTINUE
A)

104

)'

'

.:

WRITE (13,*)

'OUTPUT :',FNOUT

A
* TRANSFORMATION

OF STRESSES TO PRINCIPAL AXES STRESS

WRITE (13,11) 'NEL' ,'SX' ,'SY'

SZ ',' SXY ',' SXZ ',' SYZ ',' ANGLE'
DO 55 1=1, NEL
READ (15,*) IEL,NOD,SX(I) ,SY(I) ,SZ(I) SXY I ,SXZ(I) ,SYZ(I)
THETA(I) = THETAF(I)*180.0 / PI
WRITE (13,61) IEL,SX(I) ,SY(I) ,SZ(I) SXY I SXZ I ,SYZ(I)
&
THETA I
,

'

55

L=COS(THETAF(I)
M=SIN(THETAF(I)
A(I,1)= SX(I)*(L**2) + SY(I)*(M**2) + 2*SXY(I)*L*M
A(I,2)= SX(I)*(M**2) + SY(I)*(L**2) - 2*SXY(I)*L*M
A(I,3)= SZ(I)
A(I,6)= -SX(I)*L*M + SY(I)*M*L + SXY(I)*(L**2 - M**2)
A(I,5)= SYZ(I)*K + SXZ(I)*L
A(I,4)= SYZ(I)*L - SXZ(I)*M
CONTINUE
WRITE (13,10) 'NEL' 'SI' 'S2' 'S3' 'S6' 'S5' 'S4'
DO 80 1=1, NEL
WRITE (13,60) I,A(I,1) ,A(I,2) ,A(I,3) ,A(I,6) ,A(I,5) ,A(I,4)
CONTINUE
,

80

^SUBROUTINES FOR CALCULATING THE RELIABILITY

CALL BETA A, B, NEL)

5 *
INPUT ALFA
READ (5,*) ALF
WRITE (13,*) 'ALFA
,ALF
CALL ALFA A, B, NEL, ALF)
CALL RELI(A,B,NEL)
CALL ELRE(B,NEL)
(

WP.ITE

'

'

10
11
15
25
60
61

FORMAT
FORMAT
FORMAT
FORMAT
FORMAT
FORMAT

(// ,1X,A10,6(A7,4X)

,1X,A10,7(A7,4X)

//

(IX, 'THETA(
(IX, THETA
'

'

'

,12,
,12,

'

'

)=
)=

1X,80(
1X,80(

' -'
' -'

'
)
'

,4X,I6,6E11.3)
(/,4X,I6,6E11.3,3X,F6

,F6.1)

(/

.1)

STOP
END
A +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ +++++++++++
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
SUBROUTINE BETA( A B ,NEL)
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
PARAMETER (ROWS=100 ,C0LS=6
REAL*6 A(ROWS, COLS), B(ROWS, COLS)
REAL X(COLS) ,X1C,X2C,X3C
,

A
A

PLY STRESS

STRENGTH, RATIO CALCULATION

A-

WRITE (13,10)

'NEL'

'SRI'

'SR2'

'SR3'

DO 90 1=1, NEL
C STRENGTH PROPERTIES FOR GRAPHITE EPOXY
C

105

,
'

SR6

,
'

'SR5'

,
'

SR4

))

X(l)
X(2)
X(3)
X(6)
X(4)
X(5)
X1C

X2C
X3C
IF
IF
IF
DO 80

80
90
10
60

))

15.0E4
0.4E4
= X(2)
= 0.68E4
= X(6)
= X(6)
-15.0E4
-2.46E4
X2C
=
=

=
=

(A(I 1) .LT.O) X(l)

(A( 1,2) .LT.O) X(2)
(A(I,3) .LT.O) X(3)

X1C
X2C
X3C

=
=

J=l,COLS
B(I,J) = AES(A(I,J) / X(J)
CONTINUE
WRITE (13,60) I,B(I,1) ,B(I,2) ,B(I,3) ,B(I,6) ,B(I,5) ,B(I,4)
CONTINUE
FORMAT //,1X,A10,6(A7,4X) / IX, 80 ('-'))
FORMAT / 4X, 16 6E11 3
RETURN
END
(

AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
SUBROUTINE ALFA( A B ,NEL ALF
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
PARAMETER ROWS = 100 ,C0LS=6)
REAL a 8 A (ROWS, COLS) B(R0WS COLS
REAL AREA (100) ,AMIN
,

A
*
A

80
9

10

60
9 5

PLY STRESS

STRENGTH, RATIO RISED BY ALFA CALCULATION

WRITE (13,10) 'NEL','V1','V2','V3' ,'V6' ,'V5' ,'V4'

DO 90 1=1, NEL
READ (17, A) IIEL,AREA(I) ,AMIN
AMIN=400.
WRITE (5,95) IIEL,AREA(I) ,AMIN
WRITE (3,95) IIEL,AREA(I) ,AMIN
DO 80 J=l,COLS
A(I,J) = B(I,J)AAALF
A(I,J) = (B(I,J)**ALF)*AREA(I)/AMIN
CONTINUE
WRITE (13,60)I,A(I,1),A(I,2),A(I,3),A(I,6),A(I,5),A(I,4)
CONTINUE
FORMAT // ,1X,A10,6(A7,4X) / 1X,80('-'))
FORMAT / 4X 16 6E1 1 3
=
FORMAT / / IX AREA(
12
',2F10.2)
RETURN
END
(

'

'

'

AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
.
SUBROUTINE RELI(A,B,NEL)
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
PARAMETER ROWS = 1
COLS = 6
REAL* 8 A ROWS COLS B ROWS COLS
,

*
A

PLY STERSS TENSOR RELIABILITY CALCULATION (WEIBULL)

WRITE (13,10)

'NEL' ,'R1'

'R2' ,'R3' ,'R6' ,'R5' ,'R4'

DO 9
1=1, NEL
DO 80 J=l,COLS

106

B(1,J)

) )

'-

EXP -A (I, J)
(

CONTINUE
WRITE (13,60) I,B(I,1) ,B(I,2) ,B(I,3) ,B(I,6) ,B(I,5) ,B(I,4)
90
CONTINUE
10
FORMAT (//,1X,A10,6(A7,4X) / 1X,80('-'))
60
FORMAT / 4X, 16 6E11 3
RETURN
END
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
SUBROUTINE ELRE(B,NEL)
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
PARAMETER ROWS= 100 ,C0LS=6 ,C0LS1=7
REAL*B B(ROWS,COLS) ,C( ROWS ,C0LS1 ,RT
8

^ELEMENTS RELIABILITY CALCUL

AS WELL AS "FIBER" (Rl) AND "MATRIX"
ARELIABILITY CALCUL. & TOTAL STRUCTURE RELIABILITY CALCUL.
.

R5
R6
R4
R2
R3
WRITE (13,10) 'NEL' Rl
RE'
RT =1.0
C(NEL+1,1)=1.0
DO 90 1=1, NEL
C(I,C0LS1) = 1.0
DO 80 J=l,COLS
C(I,J)=B(I,J)
C(I,C0LS1) = C(I,C0LS1) * C(I,J)
C(NEL+1,J) = C(NEL+1,J) * C(I,J)
CONTINUE
RT = RT ^ C(I,C0LS1)
WRITE (5,60) I,C(I,1) ,C(I,2) ,C(I,3) ,C(I,4) ,C(I,5) ,C(I,6) ,C(I,7)
WRITE (13,60) I,C(I,1) ,C(I,2) ,C(I,3) ,C(I,4) ,C(I,5) ,C(I,6) ,C(I,7)
CONTINUE
WRITE (13,10) 'TOTAL REL. :', 'RT1' RT2
'RT3'
RT6 ,'RT5'
,

'

80

'

'

'

'

'

'

'

'

'

'

'

'

'

'

'

'RT4','RT'
WRITE (13,65) C(NEL+1,1) ,C(NEL+1,2) ,C(NEL+1,3) ,C(NEL+1,4)
&
C(NEL+1,5) ,C(NEL+1,6) ,RT
WRITE (5,70) RT
write (13,70) r:
FORMAT (//,1X,A10,7(A7,4X) / 1X,95('-'))
FORMAT / 4X 16 7E11 3
FORMAT / 11X, 7E11 3
FORMAT (//, IX, 'TOTAL STRUCTURE RELIABILITY = ',E11.3 /1X,40('=')

&

10
60
65
70

'

RETURN
END

107

INPUT STRESS FN = THP3D4 STP.

INPUT ELEM. ANGLE FN = THP3D4.EL
INPUT AREAS OF ELEMENTS FN =THP3D4.AREA
OUTPUT :THP3D4.REL
.

NEL

SX

SY

SZ

SXY

SXZ

SYZ

ANGLE

-0.277E+03

0.391E+05

0.187E+02 -0.235E+04

0.909E+00

0.622E+01

90.0

0.279E+03

0.209E+05

0.160E+02

0.236E+04

0.849E+00

0.604E+01

75.0

0.279E+03

0.209E+05

0.160E+02

0.236E+04 -0.849E+00 -0.604E+01

75.0

-0.277E+03

0.391E+05

0.187E+02 -0.235E+04 -0.909E+00 -0.622E+01

90.0

-0.278E+03

0.391E+05

0.248E+01 -0.235E+04

0.399E+00

0.675E+01

90.0

0.279E+03

0.209E+05

0.217E+01

0.235E+04

0.361E+00

0.683E+01

75.0

0.279E+03

0.209E+05

0.217E+01

0.235E+04 -0.361E+00 -0.683E+01

75.0

-0.278E+03

0.391E+05

0.248E+01 -0.235E+04 -0.399E+00 -0.675E+01

90.0

-0.278E+03

0.391E+05

0.653E-01 -0.235E+04

0.552E+01 -0.216E+02

90.0

10

0.278E+03

0.209E+05 -0.746E+00

0.235E+04

0.553E+01 -0.216E+02

75.0

11

0.278E+03

0.209E+05 -0.746E+00

0.235E+04 -0.553E+01

0.216E+02

75.0

12

-0.278E+03

0.391E+05

0.653E-01 -0.235E+04 -0.552E+01

0.216E+02

90.0

13

-0.27BE+03

0.391E+05

0.113E+00 -0.235E+04

0.559E+01 -0.210E+02

90.0

14

0.278E+03

0.209E+05 -0.G92E+00

0.235E+04

0.559E+01 -0.210E+02

75.0

15

0.278E+03

0.209E+05 -0.692E+00

0.235E+04 -0.559E+01

0.210E+02

75.0

16

-0.278E+03

0.391E+05

0.113E+00 -0.235E+04 -0.559E+01

0.210E+02

90.0

17

-0.278E+03

0.391E+05

0.250E+01 -0.235E+04 -0.992E+00 -0.434E+01

90.0

18

0.279E+03

0.209E+05

0.218E+01

0.235E+04 -0.967E+00 -0.438E+01

19

0.279E+03

0.209E+05

0.218E+01

0.235E+04

0.967E+00

0.438E+01

75.0

20

-0.278E+03

0.391E+05

0.250E+01 -0.235E+04

0.992E+00

0.434E+01

90.0

21

-0.278E+03

0.391E+05

0.190E+02 -0.236E+04 -0.608E+00 -0.566E+01

90.0

22

0.277E+03

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90.0

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75.0

25 -0.318E+03
26

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108

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75.0

0.243E+03

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90.0

27

30

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75.0

31

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90.0

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75.0

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90.0

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90.0

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17

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22

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23

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24 -0.295E+03

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75.0

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90.0

109

25 -0.281E+03

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90.0

26

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75.0

27

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75.0

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90.0

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90.0

30

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75.0

32

-0.280E+03

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90.0

NEL

SI

S2

S3

S6

S5

S4

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13

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15

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22

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25

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26

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27

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28

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29

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30

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31

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34

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35

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36

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37

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38

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39

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40

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41

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42

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43

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44

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45

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46

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47

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48

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49

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50

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0.208E+01

111

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0.167E+00

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ALFA

51

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0.313E+04

0.106E+01 -0.208E+01

52

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0.128E+01 -0.238E+01

53

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0.202E+01

54

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0.201E+01

55

0.207E+05

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56

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57

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58

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59

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60

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61

0.391E+05 -0.280E+03

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62

0.207E+05

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63

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64

0.391E+05 -0.280E+03

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0.264E+00

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0.493E+00

0.130E+00

5.000000

RE

R6

R5

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0.100E+01

0.100E+01

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0.100E+01

0.100E+01

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0.

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NEL

Rl

R2

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R3

112

R4

994E+00

14

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0.100E+C1

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113

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46

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0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.998E+00

0.998E+00

47

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.998E+00

0.998E+00

48

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.999E+00

49

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.999E+00

50

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.998E+00

0.998E+00

51

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.998E+00

0.998E+00

52

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.999E+00

53

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.999E+00

54

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.998E+00

0.998E+00

55

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.998E+00

0.998E+00

56

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.999E+00

57

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.999E+0C

58

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.998E+00

0.998E+00

59

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.998E+00

0.998E+00

60

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.999E+00

61

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.999E+00

62

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.10CE+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.998E+00

0.998E+C0

63

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+0I

0.100E+01

C.998E+00

0.998E+00

64

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.999E+00

RT1

RT2

RT3

RT6

RT5

RT4

TOTAL REL.

0.991E+00

0.000E+00

TOTAL STRUCTURE RELIABILITY

O.O00E+00

0.B24E+00

114

0.000E+00

O.OOOE+OO

0.000E+00

RT

0.824E+0C

Cjl

LJ

n
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115

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ADINA-IN

INPUT

FILE

THD3D4.IN EIGHT SYMMETRIC LAYER USING 3-D.

FILEUNITS LIST=B L0G = 7 ECHO =7

CONTROL PLOTUNIT=CM
COLORS BCODE=BLUE
A

DATABASE CREATE
WORKSTATION DEVICE=0
A

HEADING

'

THD3D4.IN; AAAEIGTH LAYERS

C90,75D

DAMAGED STRUCTURE AAA

MASTER IDOF=000111
PRINTOUT VOLUME=MAXIMUM IPD=1 IPRIC=0 P=STRAINS
PORTHOLE FORMATTED=YES FILE=60
A

COORDINATES

ENTRIES NODE
1

0.

20.

-20.

0.

20.

-20.

8
9

0.

21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
101

102
103
104
105
106
107
A =

= = = = =

Y
-20.
-20.
-20.

-20.

0.
0.
0.

20.
20.
20.

20.

-20.

0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1

-20.
-20.
-20.

0.

20.

-20.
0.

20.
-20.
0.

20.
5.
0.
5.

15.

7.68
15.
15.

0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
20.
0.
20.
0.
20.
0.
0.
0.
0.
10.
10.
0.
2.68 0.
0.
10.
10.
0.
-10.
0.

= == = = = = = = = = = = === = = === = ========== = == = = = == ==== = =

ANOTE THE MAXES MEAN

1=90DEG 2=15 3=75 4=45 5=-45

A==== ================= ================== === = ======= ===

MATERIAL

ORTHOTROPIC 181. E05 10.3E05 10.3E05 0.0159 0.0159 0.28,

GAB=7.17E05 7.17E05 7.17E05

SYSTEM 1 CYLINDRIC X=0 Y=0 Z=0 PHI=0 THETA=-90. XSI=90.

COORDINATES / ENTRIES NODES R THETA
XL
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17

10.
10.
10.
10.
10.
10.
10.
10.

0.

45.
90.
135.

180.
225.
270.
315.

116

0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1

18
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38

LINE
LINE
LINE
LINE
LINE
LINE
LINE
LINE
LINE
LINE
LINE
LINE
LINE
LINE
LINE
LINE

CYLINDRIC
CYLINDRIC
CYLINDRIC
CYLINDRIC
CYLINDRIC
CYLINDRIC
CYLINDRIC
CYLINDRIC
CYLINDRIC
CYLINDRIC
CYLINDRIC
CYLINDRIC
CYLINDRIC
CYLINDRIC
CYLINDRIC
CYLINDRIC

11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38

10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37

EL=1
EL=1
EL=1
EL=1
EL=1
EL=1
EL=1
EL=1
EL=1
EL=1
EL=1
EL=1
EL=1
EL = 1
EL=1
EL=1

10.
10.
10.
10.
10.
10.
10.
10.
10.
10.

360.
0.

45.
90.
135.
180.
225.
270.
315.
360.

MIDN0DES=1
MIDN0DES=1
MIDN0DES=1
MIDN0DES=1
MIDN0DES = 1
MIDN0DES=1
MIDN0DES=1
MIDN0DES=1
MIDN0DES=1
MIDN0DES=1
MIDN0DES=1
MIDN0DES=1
MIDN0DES=1
MIDN0DES=1
MIDN0DES=1
MIDN0DES=1

0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.

NC=A
NC=A
NC=A
NC=A

NOA
NC=A
NC=A
NC=A
NC=A
NC=A
NC=A
NC=A
NC=A
NC=A
NC=A
NC=A

EGROUP 1 THREEDSOLID MATERIALS TABLES

GVOLUME 7 4 18 17 27 24 38 37 EL1=1 EL2 = 1 EL3
GVOLUME 4 1 11 10 24 21 31 30 EL1=1 EL2 = 1 EL3:
GVOLUME
2 12 11 21 22 32 31 EL1=1 EL2=1 EL3
GVOLUME
3 13 12 22 23 33 32 EL1=1 EL2=1 EL3
GVOLUME
6 14 13 23 26 34 33 EL1=1 EL2=1 EL3^
GVOLUME
9 15 14 26 29 35 34 EL1=1 EL2=1 EL3^
GVOLUME
B 16 15 29 28 36 35 EL1=1 EL2=1 EL3;
GVOLUME 8 7 17 16 28 27 37 36 EL1=1 EL2=1 EL3^
GSURFACE 7 8 28 27
EL1=1 EL2=4 N0=9
GSURFACE 8 9 29 28
EL1=1 EL2=4 N0=9
AXES-ORTHOTROPIC 1 NODI=101 N0DJ=103 NODK= 102
AXES-ORTHOTROPIC 2 NODI=101 N0DJ=104 NODK= 102
AXES-ORTHOTROPIC 3 NODI=101 N0DJ=105 NODK= 102
AXES-ORTHOTROPIC 4 NODI=101 NODJ=106 NODK= 102
AXES-ORTHOTROPIC 5 NODI=101 N0DJ=107 NODK= 102
*STRESSTABLE 112 3 4 5 6 7 8 21 26 27
STRESSTABLE 1 21
EDATA / ENTRIES EL TABLE MAXES
=

STEP

TO
29
2

STEP

TO
30
3

STEP

TO
31
4

STEP

TO
32

117

N0DES=27
N0DES=27
N0DES=27
N0DES=27
NODES =27
N0DES=27
N0DES=27
N0DES=27

LOADS ELEMENT
9

-3.0E04

TO
16

-3.0E04

FIXB 123 LINES /

FIXB 23 SURFACES

28

28 27

29 28

A
A

EGZONE NAME=PARENT / 1
FRAME HEADING=UPPER XSF=1.0 YSF=0.5 XFMAX=22.5 YFMAX=17.0
MESH ZONE=PARENT NODES =0 ELEMENT=1 HIDDEN-DASHED BCODE=ALL
A

ADINA
A

END

118

INPUT STRESS FN = THD3D4 STR

INPUT ELEM. ANGLE FN = TKD3D4.EL
INPUT AREAS OF ELEMENTS FN =THD3D4.ARE
OUTPUT FN =THD3D4.REL
OUTPUT :THD3D4.RL
.

NEL

SX

SY

SZ

SXY

SXZ

SYZ

ANGLE

-0.136E+04

0.660E+05

0.477E+02 -0.669E+04

0.161E+01 -0.203E+02

90.0

-0.220E+04

0.199E+05

0.496E+02 -0.279E+04 -0.422E+01 -0.381E+02

75.0

-0.220E+04

0.199E+05

0.496E+02 -0.279E+04

0.422E+01

0.381E+02

75.0

-0.136E+04

0.660E+05

0.477E+02 -0.669E+04 -0.161E+01

0.203E+02

90.0

0.322E+04

0.725E+05

0.120E+03 -0.688E+04

0.267E+02

0.119E+02

90.0

0.326E+04

0.291E+05

C.119E+03 -0.245E+03

0.105E+01

0.110E+02

75.0

0.326E+04

0.291E+05

0.119E+C3 -0.245E+03 -0.105E+01 -0.110E+02

75.0

0.322E+04

0.725E+05

0.120E+03 -0.688E+04 -0.267E+02 -0.119E+02

90.0

0.409E+04

0.343E+05 -0.165E+G3 -0.542E+04

0.774E+02 -0.334E+02

90.0

10

0.319E+04

0.47BE+04 -0.113E+03 -0.427E+04

0.115E+02

0.387E+01

75.0

11

G.319E+04

0.478E+04 -0.113E+03 -0.427E+04 -0.115E+02 -0.387E+01

75.0

12

0.4C9E+04

0.343E+05 -0.165E+03 -0.542E+04 -0.774E+02

0.334E+02

90.0

13

0.168E+04

0.145E+05 -0.985E+02

0.181E+04 -0.421E+02 -0.409E+02

90.0

14

0.376E+04

0.240E+05 -0.156E+03

0.792E+04

0.977E+01 -0.744E+01

75.0

15

0.376E+04

0.240E+05 -0.156E+03

0.792E+04 -0.977E+01

0.744E+01

75.0

16

0.16EE+04

G.145E+05 -0.985E+02

0.181E+04

0.421E+02

0.409E+02

90.0

17

0.132E+04

0.444E+05

0.149E+03 -0.180E+04 -0.172E+02

0.362E+02

90.0

18

0.271E+04

0.301E+05

0.152E+03

0.533E+04

0.432E+02

19

0.271E+04

0.3C1E+05

0.152E+C3

0.533E+04 -0.51BE+01 -0.432E+02

20

0.132E+04

0.444E-^05

0.149E+03 -O.ieOE+04

21

-0.342E+02

0.607E+05

0.257E+02 -0.126E+04 -0.969E+01

0.169E+02

90.0

22

0.234E+04

0.458E+05

0.148E+02

0.948E+04

0.727E+01

75.0

23

0.234E+04

0.45BE+05

C.148E+02

0.948E+04 -0.214E+01 -0.727E+01

75.0

24

-0.342E+02

0.6C7E+05

0.257E+02 -0.126E+04

25 -0.440E+04

0.238E+05

0.169E+03 -0.125E+04 -0.836E+01

119

0.51BE+01

0.172E+02 -0.362E+02

0.214E+01

0.969E+01 -0.169E+02
0.377E+02

'

75.0

75.0
90.0

90.0
90.0

26

-0.456E+04

0.950E+04

0.196E+03

0.298E+03 -0.589E+01 -0.127E+01

75.0

27

-0.456E+04

0.950E+04

0.196E+03

0.29BE+03

0.127E+01

75.0

21

0.238E+05

0.836E+01 -0.377E+02 -0.469E-02

90.0

29

-0.410E+04

0.169E+03 -0.125E+04

0.589E+01

0.241E+02

90.0

30 -0.447E+04

0.858E+04 -0.126E+03 -0.600E+03 -0.943E+01 -0.503E+01

75.0

31 -0.447E+04

0.858E+04 -0.126E+03 -0.600E+03

0.943E+01

0.503E+01

75.0

32 -0.410E+04

0.265E+05 -0.145E+03 -0.193E+04

0.202E+02 -0.241E+02

90.0

NEL

SI

0.265E+05 -0.145E+03 -0.193E+04 -0.202E+02

S2

S3

S6

S5

S4

660E+05 -0 136E+04

477E+02

669E+04 -0 203E+02 -0 161E+01

171E+05

677E+03

496E+02

795E+04 -0 379E+02 -0 578E+01

171E+05

677E+03

496E+02

795E+04

379E+02

578E+01

660E+05 -0 136E+04

477E+02

669E+04

203E+02

161E+01

725E+05

322E+04

120E+03

688E+04

119E+02 -0 267E+02

272E+05

511E+04

119E+03

666E+04

109E+02

272E+C5

511E+04

119E+03

666E+04 -0 109E+02 -0 184E+01

725E+05

322E+04

120E+03

688E+04 -0 119E+02

343E+05

409E+04 -0 165E+03

542E+04 -0 334E+02 -0 774E+02

10

254E+04

543E+04 -0 113E+03

410E+04

11

254E+04

543E+04 -0 113E+03

410E+04 -0 671E+01

101E+02

12

343E+05

40SE+04 -0 165E+03

542E+04

334E+02

774E+02

13

145E+05

168E+04 -0 985E+02 -0 181E+04 -0 409E+02

421E+02

14

266E+05

116E+04 -0 156E+03 -0 180E+04 -0 465E+01 -0 114E+02

15

266E+05

116E+04 -0 156E+03 -0 180E+04

465E+01

16

145E+05

168E+04 -0 985E+02 -0 181E+04

409E+02 -0 421E+02

17

444E+05

132E+04

149E+03

180E+04

362E+02

172E+02

18

309E+05

1B8E+04

152E+03

223E+04

430E+02

617E+01

19

309E+05

188E+04

152E+03

223E+04 -0 430E+02 -0 617E+01

20

444E+05

132E+04

149E+03

180E+04 -0 362E+02 -0 172E+02

21

607E+05 -0 342E+02

257E+02

126E+04

120

184E+01

267E+02

671E+01 -0 101E+02

169E+02

114E+02

0.

969E+01

ALFA

0.757E+01 -0.187E+00

22

0.476E+05

0.507E+03

0.148E+02

0.265E+04

23

0.476E+05

0.507E+03

0.148E+02

0.265E+04 -0.757E+01

24

0.607E+05 -0.342E+02

0.257E+02

0.126E+04 -0.169E+02 -0.969E+01

25

0.238E+05 -0.440E+04

0.169E+03

0.125E+04

0.377E+02

0.836E+01

26

0.870E+04 -0.377E+04

0.196E+03

0.326E+04 -0.276E+01

0.536E+01

27

0.870E+04 -0.377E+04

0.196E+03

0.326E+04

28

0.169E+03

29

0.265E+05 -0.410E+04 -0.145E+03

0.193E+04

30

0.187E+00

0.276E+01 -0.536E+01

0.238E+05 -0.125E+04 -0.836E+01 -0.468E-02

0.377E+02

0.241E+02

0.202E+02

0.741E+04 -0.330E+04 -0.126E+03

0.378E+04 -0.730E+01

0.781E+01

31

0.741E+04 -0.330E+04 -0.126E+03

0.378E+04

32

0.265E+05 -0.410E+04 -0.145E+03

0.193E+04 -0.241E+02 -0.202E+02

0.730E+01 -0.781E+01

5.000000

RE

Rl

R2

R3

0.993E+00

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.668E+00

0.663E+00

0.100E+0I

0.1OOE+O1

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.384E+00

0.384E+00

0.100E+0I

O.IOOE+OI

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.384E+00

0.384E+00

0.993E+00

0.100E+01

O.IOOE+OI

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.668E+00

0.663E+00

0.992E+00

0.906E+00

0.1OOE+01

0.100E+01

C.IOOE+Ol

0.735E+00

0.661E+00

C.IOOE+Ol

0.372E+00

O.IOOE+OI

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.769E+00

0.286E+00

0.100E+01

0.372E J-00

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

O.IOOE+OI

0.769E+00

0.286E+00

0.992E+00

0.906E+00

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.735E+00

0.661E+0Q

0.100E+01

0.614E+00

O.IOOE+OI

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.869E+00

0.533E+00

10

0.100E+01

0.133E+00

O.IOOE+OI

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.966E+00

0.129E+00

11

0.100E+01

0.133E+00

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

O.IOOE+OI

0.966E+00

0.129E+00

12

0.100E+01

0.614E+00

C.lOOE+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.869E+00

0.533E+00

13

0.100E+01

0.996E+00

O.IOOE+OI

0.100E+01

O.IOOE+OI

0.100E+01

0.996E+00

14

0.100E+01

0.999E+00

O.IOOE+OI

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.999E+00

15

O.IOOE+OI

0.999E+00

O.IOOE+OI

O.IOOE+OI

O.IOOE+OI

0.100E+01

0.999E+00

16

0.100E+01

0.996E+00

O.IOOE+OI

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

O.IOOE+OI

0.996E+00

NEL

121

R6

R5

R4

17

0.999E+00

0.998E+00

0.100E+0I

O.IOOE+Ol

O.IOOE+Ol

0.999E+00

0.997E+00

18

O.IOOE+Ol

0.990E+00

O.IOOE+Ol

O.IOOE+Ol

O.IOOE+Ol

0.998E+00

0.988E+00

19

O.IOOE+Ol

0.990E+00

O.IOOE+Ol

O.IOOE+Ol

O.IOOE+Ol

0.998E+00

0.988E+00

20

0.999E+00

0.998E+00

O.IOOE+Ol

O.IOOE+Ol

O.IOOE+Ol

0.999E+00

0.997E+00

21

0.997E+00

O.IOOE+Ol

O.IOOE+Ol

O.IOOE+Ol

O.IOOE+Ol

O.IOOE+Ol

0.997E+00

22

0.999E+00

O.IOOE+Ol

O.IOOE+Ol

O.IOOE+Ol

O.IOOE+Ol

0.997E+00

0.996E+00

23

0.999E+00

O.IOOE+Ol

O.IOOE+Ol

O.IOOE+Ol

O.IOOE+Ol

0.997E+00

0.996E+00

24

0.997E+00

O.IOOE+Ol

O.IOOE+Ol

O.IOOE+Ol

O.IOOE+Ol

O.IOOE+Ol

0.997E+00

25

O.IOOE+Ol

O.IOOE+Ol

O.IOOE+Ol

O.IOOE+Ol

O.IOOE+Ol

O.IOOE+Ol

O.IOOE+Ol

26

O.IOOE+Ol

O.IOOE+Ol

O.IOOE+Ol

O.IOOE+Ol

O.IOOE+Ol

0.989E+00

0.989E+00

27

O.IOOE+Ol

O.IOOE+Ol

O.IOOE+Ol

O.IOOE+Ol

O.IOOE+Ol

0.989E+00

0.989E+00

28

O.IOOE+Ol

O.OOOE+00

O.IOOE+Ol

O.IOOE+Ol

O.IOOE+Ol

O.IOOE+Ol

O.OOOE+00

29

O.IOOE+Ol

O.IOOE+Ol

O.IOOE+Ol

O.IOOE+Ol

O.IOOE+Ol

0.999E+00

0.999E+00

30

O.IOOE+Ol

O.IOOE+Ol

O.IOOE+Ol

O.IOOE+Ol

O.IOOE+Ol

0.985E+00

0.985E+00

31

O.IOOE+Ol

O.IOOE+Ol

O.IOOE+Ol

O.IOOE+Ol

O.IOOE+Ol

0.985E+00

0.985E+00

32

O.IOOE+Ol

O.IOOE+Ol

O.IOOE+Ol

O.IOOE+Ol

O.IOOE+Ol

0.999E+00

0.999E+00

RT1

RT2

RT3

RT6

RT5

RT4

TOTAL REL.

0.960E+00

O.OOOE+00

TOTAL STRUCTURE RELIABILITY

O.OOOE+OO

O.OOOE+00

122

O.OOOE+OO

O.OOOE+OO

O.OOOE+OO

RT

O.OOOE+00

i'r

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ADINA-IN

INPUT

FILE

A
a

THM3D4.IN EIGHT SYMMETRIC LAYER USING 3-D.

FILEUNITS LIST=8 L0G=7 ECH0=7

CONTROL PLOTUNIT=CM
COLORS BCODE=BLUE
A

DATABASE CREATE
WORKSTATION DEVICE=0
A

HEADING

'

THM3D4.IN; aaaEIGHT LAYERS SOLUTION

90,75 DEG aaa-

MASTER ID0F=000111
PRINTOUT VOLUME=MAXIMUM IPD=1 IPRIC=0 P=STRAINS
PORTHOLE FORMATTED=YES FILE=60
A

COORDINATES

ENTRIES NODE
1

0.

20.

-20.

5
6

0.

20.

-20.

0.

20.
-20.

21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29

101
102
103
104
105
106
107

-20.

-20.
-20.
-20.
0.
0.
0.

20.
20.
20.

-20.
-20.
-20.

0.

20.

-20.

0.
0.
0.

0.

20.
-20.

20.
20.
20.

0.

20.
5.
0.
5.

0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.

0.
0.
10.
0.
10.
0.
2.68 0.
0.
10.
0.
10.
-10.
0.

0.

15.

7.68
15.
15.

A=====r===r==========================================
-"NOTE THE MAXES MEAN
1=90DEG 2 = 15 3 = 75 4 = 45 5 = -45
A==================r==================================
MATERIAL 1 ORTHOTROPIC 181. E05 10.3E05 10.3E05 0.0159 0.0159 0.28,
GAB=7.17E05 7.17E05 7.17E05
MATERIAL 2 ORTHOTROPIC 53.8E05 17.9E05 17.9E05 0.083 0.083 0.25,
GAB=8.6E05 8.6E05 8.6E05
:

SYSTEM 1 CYLINDRIC X=0 Y=0 Z=0 PHI=0 THETA=-90. XSI=90.

COORDINATES / ENTRIES NODES R THETA
XL
10
11
12
13
14

15

10.
10.
10.
10.
10.
10.

0.

45.
90.
135.
180.

225.

125

0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1

16
17
18
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38

LINE
LINE
LINE
LINE
LINE
LINE
LINE
LINE
LINE
LINE
LINE
LINE
LINE
LINE
LINE
LINE

CYLINDRIC
CYLINDRIC
CYLINDRIC
CYLINDRIC
CYLINDRIC
CYLINDRIC
CYLINDRIC
CYLINDRIC
CYLINDRIC
CYLINDRIC
CYLINDRIC
CYLINDRIC
CYLINDRIC
CYLINDRIC
CYLINDRIC
CYLINDRIC

11 10 EL = 1
12 11 EL=1
13 12 EL=1
14 13 EL=1
15 14 EL=1
16 15 EL=1
17 16 EL=1
18 17 EL=1
31 30 EL=1
32 31 EL=1
33 32 EL=1
34 33 EL=1
35 34 EL=1
36 35 EL=1
37 36 EL=1
38 37 EL=1

10.
10.
10.
10.
10.
10.
10,
10.
10.

10
10

10

270.
315.
360.
0.

45.
90.
135,
180,
225,
270,

315
360

MIDNODES=l
MIDNODES=l
MIDN0DES=1
MIDN0DES=1
MIDNODES=l
MIDNODES=l
MIDNODES=l
MIDN0DES=1
MIDNODES=l
MIDN0DES=1
MIDNODES=l
MIDNODES=l
MIDNODES=l
MIDNODES=l
MIDN0DES=1
MIDNODES=l

0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.

NC = A
NC = A

NC=A
NC = A

NC=A
NC=A
NC=A
NC=A
NC=A
NC=A
NC=A
NC=A
NC=A
NC=A
NC=A
NC=A

EGROUP 1 THREEDSOLID MATERIALS TABLES

GVOLUME 7 4 IB 17 27 24 38 37 EL1=1 EL2=1
GVOLUME 4 1 11 10 24 21 31 30 EL1 = 1 EL2=1
GVOLUME 1 2 12 11 21 22 32 31 EL 1=1 EL2=1
GVOLUME 2 3 13 12 22 23 33 32 EL1=1 EL2 = 1
GVOLUME 3 6 14 13 23 26 34 33 EL1 = 1 EL2=1
GVOLUME 6 9 15 14 26 29 35 34 EL1=1 EL2=1
GVOLUME 9 8 16 15 29 28 36 35 EL 1=1 EL2=1
GVOLUME 8 7 17 16 28 27 37 36 EL1=1 EL2=1
GSURFACE 7 8 28 27
EL1=1 EL2=4 N0=9
GSURFACE 8 9 29 28
EL1=1 EL2=4 N0=9
AXES-ORTHOTROPIC 1 NODI=101 N0DJ=103 NODK
AXE5-0RTH0TR0PIC 2 N0DI=101 N0DJ=104 NODK
AXES-ORTHOTROPIC
NODI- 101 NODJ=105 NODK
AXES-ORTHOTROPIC
NODI=101 N0DJ=106 NODK
AXES-ORTHOTROPIC
N0DI=101 N0DJ=107 NODK
ASTRESSTABLE 1 1
3 4 5 6 7 8 21 26 27
STRESSTABLE 1 21
EDATA / ENTRIES EL TABLE MAXES
-

STEP

TO
29
2

STEP

TO
30
3

STEP

4 .TO

31
4

STEP

TO

126

EL3 = 4
EL3 = 4
EL3 = 4
EL3 = 4
EL3 = 4
EL3 = 4
EL3 = 4
EL3 = 4
102
102
102
102
102

N0DES=27
N0DES=27
NODES= 27
N0DES=27
N0DES=27
N0DES=27
N0DES=27
NODES =27

32

LOADS ELEMENT
3.0E04

TO
16

-3.0E04

FIXB 123 LINES /

FIXB 23 SURFACES

28

28 27

29 28

A
A

EGROUP 2 THREEDSOLID MATERIAL=2 TABLES

GVOLUME 11 12 5 5 31 32 25 25 EL1 = 1 EL2 = 1
GVOLUME 12 13 5 5 32 33 25 25 EL1=1 EL2=1
GVOLUME 13 14 5 5 33 34 25 25 EL1=1 EL2=1
GVOLUME 14 15 5 5 34 35 25 25 EL1=1 EL2=1
GVOLUME 15 16 5 5 35 36 25 25 EL1=1 EL2=1
GVOLUME 16 17 5 5 36 37 25 25 EL1 = 1 EL2=1
GVOLUME 17 18 5 5 37 38 25 25 EL1=1 EL2=1
GVOLUME 10 11 5 5 30 31 25 25 EL1=1 EL2=1
AXES-ORTHOTROPIC 1 NODI=101 NODJ=103 NODK
AXES-ORTHOTROPIC 2 N0DI=101 N0DJ=104'N0DK=
AXES-ORTHOTROPIC 3 NODI=101 NODJ=105 NODK=
AXES-ORTHOTROPIC 4 NODI=101 N0DJ=106 NODK=
AXES-ORTHOTROPIC 5 NODI=101 N0DJ=107 NODK'
ASTRESSTABLE 112 3 4 5 6 7 8 21 26 27
STRESSTABLE 1 21
EDATA / ENTRIES EL TABLE MAXES
=

STEP

EL3 = 4
EL3 = 4
EL3 = 4
EL3 = 4
EL3 = 4
EL3 = 4
EL3 = 4
EL3 = 4

NODES= 27
NODES= :27
NODES^ :27
NODES: 27
NODES: 27
NODES: 27
NODES: 27
NODES: 27
=

=
=
=

102
102
102
102
102

TO
29
2

STEP

TO
30
3

STEP

TO
31
4

STEP

TO
32

A
A

EGZONE NAME=PARENT / 1
EGZONE NAME=PATCH / 2
FRAME HEADING=UPPER XSF=1.0 YSF=0.5 XFMAX =22.5 YFMAX=17.0
MESH ZONE=PARENT NODES=0 ELEMENT=1 HIDDEN =DASHED BCODE=ALL
FRAME HEADING=UPPER XSF=1.0 YSF=0.5 XFMAX =22.5 YFMAX=17.0
MESH ZONE=PATCH NODES=0 ELEMENT=1 HIDDEN= DASHED BCODE=ALL
A

ADINA
A

END

127

))

)
)

AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
PROGRAM TRANS3
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
C
THIS PROGRAM TRANFORMS THE STRESSES OUTPUT FROM ADINA,
EXPRESSED IN THE GLOBAL STRUCTURE COORDINATE SYSTEM, TO
C
C
THE PRINCIPAL MATERIAL COORDINATE. AND THEN, CALCULATES THE
RELIABILTY PER STRESS COMPONENT AND PER ELEMENT AND FINALLY
C
EVALUATES THE TOTAL RELIABILITY. ALL THAT BY CALLING THE
C
SUBROUTINE HEREIN.
C
C
NEL
# OF WHOLE SRUCTURE ELEMENTS.
NELP
C
# OF PARENT STRUCTURE ELEMENTS
C
SX,SY,
,SYZ
THE STRESS IN GLOBAL COORDINATE SYSTEM.
THETA
C
THE LAYUP ANGLE PER ELEMENT.
C
S1,S2,
S6
THE STRESS IN THE MATERIAL PRINCIPAL COORDINATE.
C
R1,R2
,R6
THE RELIABILITY PER STRESS COMPONENT.
C
RT1,RT2,
.RT6
THE TOTAL RELIABILTY OF STRUCTURE PER COPMPONENT.
C
RE
THE RELIABILITY PER ELEMENT
C
RT
THE TOTAL RELIABILITY.
C
ALF
THE SHAPE FUNCTION PARAMER FOR WEI BULL
C
BEFORE RUNNING THE PROGRAM VERIFY IN THE PROGRAM THE ANGLE THETA
C
INPUT AND THE # OF ELEMENT. AND ALSO VERIFY THE MATERIAL PROEPRTIES
GIVEN IN SUBROUTINE BETA.
C
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
INTEGER NEL
PARAMETER NEL=64 ,NELP=32 ,PI = 3.1415927
PARAMETER (ROWS=100 C0LS=6 ,COLSl=7
INTEGER ITHETA(NEL)
REAL*8 A(ROWS,COLS) ,B( ROWS COLS C ROWS ,COLSl
REAL SX(NEL) ,SY(NEL) ,SZ(NEL) SXY NEL SXZ NEL ,SYZ(NEL)
REAL L,M, THETA (NEL) ,THETAF(NEL) ,ALF
CHARACTERS 2 FNAME FNOUT FNAME1 FNAME2
.

WRITE (5,*) 'ENTER INPUT STRESS FN ?'

READ 5
FNAME
A
WRITE (5,A) 'INPUT STRESS FN = ', FNAME
OPEN (UNIT=15,FILE=FNAME,STATUS='OLD'
WRITE (5, *) 'ENTER INPUT ELEM. ANGLE FN?'
READ (5, (A)
FNAME2
WRITE (5, A) 'INPUT ELEM. ANGLE FN = ', FNAME
OPEN (UNIT=16,FILE=FNAME2,STATUS='OLD'
WRITE (5, A) 'ENTER AREAS OF ELEMENTS FN ?'
READ (5, (A)
FNAME1
OPEN (UNIT=17,FILE=FNAMEl,STATUS='OLD'
WRITE (5, A)
ENTER OUTPUT FN ?'
READ (5, (A)
FNOUT
OPEN (UNIT=13,FILE=FNOUT, STATUS* 'NEW'
WRITE (13, A) 'INPUT STRESS FN = ', FNAME
WRITE (13, A) 'INPUT ELEM. ANGLE FN
,FNAME2
WRITE ("13, A) 'INPUT AREAS OF ELEMENTS FN =',FNAME1
WRITE (13, A)
OUTPUT FN =', FNOUT
,

'

'

'

'

'

'

'

'

'

'

'

A.
A INPUT
A

OF ANGLE (THETA) FOR EA. ELEMENT

DO 20 1=1, NEL

READ (16, A) N,I2,I3,I4,I5,I6,ITHETA(I) IB A9 ,A10 111

112,113,114,115,116,117,118,119
IF. (ITHETA(I) .EQ.l) THETA(I) = 9 0.0
IF (ITHETA(I) .EQ.3) THETA(I) = 7 5.0
WRITE (5,25) N,THETA(I)
THETAF(I) = THETA(I)* PI/ 180.0
,

&

128

CONTINUE

20

:.

WRITE (13, A)

'OUTPUT :',FNOUT

a TRANSFORMATION

OF STRESSES TO PRINCIPAL AXES STRESS

WRITE (13,11) 'NEL' ,'SX' ,'SY'

SZ ',' SXY ',' SXZ ',' SYZ ', 'ANGLE'
DO 55 1=1, NEL
READ (15, *) IEL,NOD,SX(I) ,SY(I) ,SZ(I) ,SXY(I) ,SXZ(I) ,SYZ(I)
THETA(I) = THETAF(I)*180.0 / PI
WRITE (13,61) IEL,SX(I) ,SY(I) ,SZ(I) ,SXY(I) SXZ I ,SYZ(I)
&
THETA(I)
,

'

L=COS(THETAF(I)
M=SIN(THETAF(I)
A(I,1)= SX(I)ML**2)

SY(I)MM**2)
SY(I)ML**2)

+
+

Ad, 2)= SX(I)MM**2)

2*SXY(
2*SXY(

+
-

*L*M
*L*M

A(I,3)= SZ(I)
A(I,6)= -SX(I)*L*M + SY(I)*M^L + SXY( I ML**2 - M**2)
A(I,5)= SYZ(I)*M + SXZ(I)*L
A(I,4)= SYZ(I)*L - SXZ (I MM
CONTINUE
WRITE (13,10) 'NEL' 'SI' ,'S2' ,'S3' , 'S6' ,'S5' ,'S4'
DO 80 1=1, NEL
WRITE (13,60) I,A(I,1) ,A(I,2) ,A(I,3) ,A(I,6) ,A(I,5) ,A(I,4)
CONTINUE
)

55

80
A

^SUBROUTINES FOR CALCULATING THE RELIABILITY

CALL BETA A, B, NEL)

WRITE (5, *) 'INPUT ALFA'
READ (5, A) ALF
WRITE (13,*) 'ALFA
,ALF
CALL ALFA A, B, NEL, ALF)
CALL RELI(A,B,NEL)
CALL ELRE(B,NEL)
(

'

FORMAT // ,1X,A10,6(A7,4X) / 1X,80('-'))

FORMAT // ,1X,A10,7(A7,4X) / 1X,B0('-'))
FORMAT (IX, 'THETA( ,12, )= ')
=
FORMAT IX, 'THETA
12
',F6.D
FORMAT / 4X 16 6E11 3
FORMAT / ,4X,I6,6E11.3,3X,F6.1)

10
11
15
25
60
61

'

'

'

'

STOP
END
A++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
AAAAAAAAAAAAA'AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
SUBROUTINE BETA( A, B,NEL
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
PARAMETER ROWS=100 COLS =6
REAL*8 A(ROWS, COLS) ,B(ROWS, COLS)
REAL X(COLS) ,X1C,X2C,X3C
(

*
A

PLY STRESS

STRENGTH, RATIO CALCULATION

WRITE (13,10) 'NEL' 'SRI'

FOR THE PARENT STRUCTURE,
,

*A.

,
'

SR2

129

'

'SR3'

'

SR6

,
'

'

SR5

,
'

'

SR4

C) )

DO 90 I=1,NELP
STRENGTH PROPERTIES FOR GRAPHITE EPOXY,

15.0E4
0.4E4
= X(2)
= 0.68E4
= X(6)
= X(6)
= -15.0E4
= -2.46E4
= X2C
(A( 1,1) .LT.O) X(l)
(A( I, 2) .LT.O) X(2)
(A( I, 3) .LT.O) X(3)

X(l)
X(2)
X(3)
X(6)
X(4)
X(5)

X1C
X2C
X3C
IF
IF
IF

DO 80 J=1,C0LS
B(I,J) = ABS(A(I J)

XI

X2C
X3C

X(J)

CONTINUE
WRITE (13,60) I,B(I 1),B(I,2),B(I,3),B(I,6),B(I,5),B(I,4)
9
CONTINUE
*B. FOR THE PATCH,

80

N=NELP+1
DO 100 I=N,NEL
C STRENGTH PROPERTIES FOR E-GLASS EPOXY
C

10.34E4
0.276E4
= X(2)
=
0.414E4
= X(6)
X 4
= X(6)
X(5)
X1C = -10.3E4
X2C = -1.38E4
X3C = X2C
IF (A i i
lt 0) X( 1) = X1C
LT 0) x< 2) = X2C
IF (A 1 2
IF
LT 0) X( 3) = X3C
A I 3
e: 95 J = l COLS
B(I,J) = ABS(A(I ,J) / X(J)
CONTINUE
WRITE (13 60) I,B(I,1),B(I,2),B(I,3),B(I,6),B(I,5),B(I,4)
CONTINUE
FORMAT // ,1X,A10,6(A7,4X) / lX,eO( '-'
FORMAT / ,4X,I6,6EI1.3)
RETURN
END
X(l)
X(2)
X(3)
X(6)
(

95

100
10
60

AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
SUBROUTINE ALFA( A,B,NEL ALF)
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
PARAMETER (ROWS=100 ,C0LS=6)
REAL*8 AtROWS, COLS) ,B(ROWS, COLS)
REAL AREA(IOO) ,AMIN
,

*
A

PLY STRESS

STRENGTH, RATIO RISED BY ALFA CALCULATION

WRITE (13,10) 'NEL' 'VI' 'V2' 'V3'

DO 90 1=1, NEL
READ (17, A) IIEL,AREA(I) ,AMIN
,

130

,
'

V6

,
'

'V5'

'V4'

))

,,

'

AMIN=400.
WRITE (5,95) IIEL,AREA(I) ,AMIN
WRITE (3,95) IIEL,AREA(I) ,AMIN
DO 80 J=l,COLS
A(I,J) = B(I,J)**ALF
A(I,J) = (B(I,J)^AALF)^AREA(I) /AMIN
CONTINUE
WRITE (13,60)I,A(I,1),A(I,2),A(I,3),A(I,6),A(I,5),A(I,4)
CONTINUE
FORMAT // ,1X,A10,6(A7,4X) / 1X,80('-'))
FORMAT / 4X 16 6E11 3
=
FORMAT / / IX, AREA(
12
',2F10.2)
RETURN
END

80
90
10

60
95

'

'

'

AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
SUBROUTINE RELI A B NEL)
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
PARAMETER ROWS=100 ,C0LS=6
REALMS A(ROWS, COLS) ,B(ROWS, COLS)
(

A
a
A

PLY STERSS TENSOR RELIABILITY CALCULATION (WEIBULL)

WRITE (13,10)

'NEL'

'Rl'

'R2'

'R3'

'R6'

'R5'

'R4'

DO 9
1=1, NEL
DO 80 J=l,COLS
B(I,J) = EXP -A (I, J)
(

CONTINUE
WRITE (13,60) I,B(I,1) ,B(I,2) ,B(I,3) ,B(I,6) ,B(I,5) ,B(I,4)
90
CONTINUE
10
FORMAT // ,1X,A10,6(A7,4X) / 1X,80('-'))
60
FORMAT / 4X, 16 6E11 3
RETURN
END
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
SUBROUTINE ELRE(E,NEL)
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
PARAMETER ROWS = 100 COLS = 6 COLS 1 = 7
REALAB B(ROWS,COLS) C ROWS COLS1 ,RT

80

^ELEMENTS RELIABILITY CALCUL., AS WELL AS "FIBER" (Rl) AND "MATRIX"

^RELIABILITY CALCUL. & TOTAL STRUCTURE RELIABILITY CALCUL.
A

R6
R4
R2
R3
R5
RE
WRITE (13,10) 'NEL'
Rl
RT =1.0
C(NEL+1,1)=1.0
DO 9
1=1, NEL
C(I,C0LS1) = 1.0
DO 80 J=l,COLS
C(I,J)=B(I,J)
C(I,C0LS1) = C(I,C0LS1) a C(I,J)
C(NEL+1,J) = C(NEL+1,J) A C(I,J)
CONTINUE
RT = RT a C(I,C0LS1)
WRITE (5,60) I,C(I,1) ,C(I,2) ,C(I,3) ,C(I,4) ,C(I,5) ,C(I,6) ,C(I,7)
WRITE (13,60) I,C(I,1) ,C(I,2) ,C(I,3) ,C(I,4) ,C(1,5) ,C(I,6) ,C(I,7
CONTINUE
WRITE (13,10) TOTAL REL
RT1
RT2
RT5
RT3
RT6
,

80

90

'

'

'

'RT4'

'

'

'

'

'

&

'

'

'

'

'

'

'

'

'

'

'

'

'

'

'

'

'

'RT'

WRITE (13,65) C(NEL+1,1) ,C(NEL+1,2) ,C(NEL+1,3) ,C(NEL+1,4)

131

&

10
60
65
7

C(NEL+1,5) ,C(NEL+1,6) ,RT

WRITE (5,70) RT
WRITE (13,70) RT
FORMAT //,1X,A10,7(A7,4X) / 1X,95('-'))
FORMAT / 4X 16 7E11 3
FORMAT / 11X, 7E11 3
FORMAT (//, IX, 'TOTAL STRUCTURE RELIABILITY
RETURN
END
(

132

'

,E11.3 /1X,40('='))

INPUT STRESS FN = THM3D4 STR

INPUT ELEM. ANGLE FN = THM3D4.EL
INPUT AREAS OF ELEMENTS FN =THM3D4.ARE
OUTPUT FN =THM3D4.REL
OUTPUT :THM3D4.REL
.

NEL

SX

SY

SZ

SXY

SXZ

SYZ

ANGLE

-0.277E+03

0.391E+05

0.187E+02 -0.235E+04

O.909E+00

0.622E+01

90.0

0.279E+03

0.209E+05

C.160E+02

0.236E+04

0.849E+00

"0.604E+01

75.0

0.279E+03

0.209E+05

0.160E+02

0.236E+04 -0.849E+00 -0.604E+01

75.0

-0.277E+03

0.391E+05

0.187E+02 -0.235E+04 -0/909E+00 -0.622E+01

90.0

-0.278E+03

0.391E+05

0.248E+01 -0.235E+04

0.399E+00

0.675E+01

90.0

0.279E+03

0.209E+05

0.217E+01

0.235E+04

0.361E+00

0.683E+01

75.0

0.279E-1-03

0.209E+05

0.217E+01

0.235E+04 -0.361E+00 -0.683E+01

75.0

-0.278E+03

0.391E+05

0.248E+01 -0.235E+04 -0.399E+00 -0.675E+01

90.0

-0.278E+03

0.391E+05

0.653E-01 -0.235E+04

0.552E+01 -0.216E+02

90.0

10

0.278E+03

0.209E+05 -0.746E+00

0.235E+04

0.553E+01 -0.216E+02

75.0

11

0.278E+03

0.209E+05 -0.746E+00

0.235E+04 -0.553E+01

0.216E+02

75.0

12

-0.278E+03

0.391E+05

0.653E-01 -0.235E+04 -0.552E+01

0.216E+02

90.0

13

-0.276E+03

0.391E+05

0.113E+00 -0.235E+04

0.559E+01 -0.210E+02

90.0

14

0.278E+03

0.209E+05 -0.692E+00

0.235E+04

0.559E+01 -0.210E+02

75.0

15

0.278E+C3

0.209E+05 -0.692E+00

0.235E+04 -0.559E+01

0.210E+02

75.0

16 -0.278E+03

0.391E+05

0.113E+00 -0.235E+04 -0.559E+01

0.210E+02

90.0

17

-0.278E+03

0.391E+05

0.250E+01 -0.235E+04 -0.992E+00 -0.434E+01

90.0

18

0.279E+03

0.209E+05

0.218E+01

0.235E+04 -0.967E+00 -0.438E+01

75.0

19

0.279E+03

0.209E+05

0.218E+01

0.235E+04

0.967E+00

0.438E+01

75.0

20 -0.278E+03

0.391E+05

0.250E+01 -0.235E+04

0.992E+00

0.434E+01

90.0

21 -0.278E+03

0.391E+05

0.190E+02 -0.236E+04 -0.608E+00 -0.566E+01

90.0

22

0.277E+03

0.209E+05

0.163E+02

0.235E+04 -0.550E+00 -0.573E+01

75.0

23

0.277E+03

0.209E+05

0.163E+02

0.235E+04

0.550E+00

0.573E+01

75.0

24

-0.278E+03

0.391E+C5

0.190E+02 -0.236E+04

0.608E+00

O.566E+01

90.0

0.390E+05 -0.115E+03 -0.235E+04 -0.598E+01 -0.109E+01

90.0

25 -0.318E+03

133

26

0.243E+03

0.209E+05 -0.982E+02

0.235E+04 -0.607E+01 -0.414E+00

75.0

27

0.243E+03

0.209E+05 -0.982E+02

0.235E+04

0.607E+01

0.414E+00

75.0

28

-0.318E+03

0.390E+05 -0.115E+03 -0.235E+04

0.598E+01

0.1O9E+01

90.0

29

-0.320E+03

0.390E+05 -0.115E+03 -0.235E+04 -0.634E+01 -0.996E+00

90.0

30

0.241E+03

0.209E+05 -0.980E+02

0.235E+04 -0.621E+01 -0.305E+00

75.0

31

0.241E+03

0.209E+05 -0.980E+02

0.235E+04

0.621E+01

0.305E+00

75.0

32

-0.32OE+03

0.390E+05 -0 115E+03 -0.235E+04

0.634E+01

0.996E+00

90.0

-0.281E+03

0.391E+05 -0.594E+00 -0.235E+04

0.205E+01 -0.802E+01

90.0

0.275E+03

0.209E+05 -0.107E+01

0.235E+04

0.204E+01 -0.800E+01

75.0

0.275E+03

0.209E+05 -0.107E+01

0.235E+04 -0.204E+01

0.800E+01

75.0

-0.281E+03

0.391E+05 -0.594E+00 -0.235E+04 -0.205E+01

0.802E+01

90.0

-0.281E+03

0.391E+05 -0.646E+00 -0.235E+04

0.206E+01 -0.778E+01

90.0

0.275E+03

0.209E+05 -0.117E+01

0.235E+04

0.206E+01 -0.781E+01

75.0

0.275E+03

0.209E+05 -0.117E+01

0.235E+04 -0.206E+01

0.7B1E+01

75.0

-0.281E+03

0.391E+05 -0.646E+00 -0.235E+04 -0.206E+01

0.778E+01

90.0

-0.281E+03

0.391E+05

0.320E+00 -0.235E+04 -0.370E+00 -0.167E+01

90.0

10

0.275E+03

0.209E+05

0.274E+00

0.235E+04 -0.359E+00 -0.170E+01

75.0

11

0.275E+03

0.209E+05

0.274E+00

0.235E+04

0.359E+00

0.170E+01

75.0

12

-0.281E+03

0.3S1E+05

0.320E+00 -0.235E+04

0.370E+00

0.167E+01

90.0

13

-0.282E+03

0.391E+05

0.641E+01 -0.235E+04 -0.167E+00 -0.211E+01

90.0

14

0.274E+03

0.209E+05

0.552E+01

0.236E+04 -0.170E+00 -0.218E+01

75.0

15

C.274E+03

0.209E+05

0.552E+01

0.236E+04

0.170E+00

0.2ieE+01

75.0

16

-0.282E+03

0.391E+05

0.641E+01 -0.235E+04

0.167E+00

0.211E+01

17

-0.294E+03

C.391E+05 -0.422E+02 -0.236E+04 -0.238E+01 -0.128E+C1

90.0

IB

0.263E+03

0.209E+05 -0.361E+02

0.235E+04 -0.229E+01 -0.481E+00

75.0

19

0.263E+03

0.209E+05 -0.361E+02

0.235E+04

0.229E+01

0.481E+00

75.0

20

-0.294E+03

0.391E+05 -0.422E+02 -0.236E+04

0.238E+01

0.128E+01

90.0

21

-0.295E+03

0.390E+05 -0.416E+02 -0.235E+04 -0.202E+01 -0.119E+01

90.0

22

0.264E+03

0.209E+05 -0.356E+02

0.236E+04 -0.220E+01 -0.446E+00

75.0

23

0.264E+03

0.209E+05 -0.356E+02

0.236E+04

75.0

134

0.220E+01

0.446E+00

'

90.0

24

-0.295E+03

0.390E+05 -0.416E+02 -0.235E+04

0.202E+01

0.119E+01

90.0

25

-C.281E+03

0.39IE+05

0.629E+01 -0.235E+04

0.323E+00

0.179E+01

90.0

26

0.275E+03

0.209E+05

0.535E+01

0.235E+04

0.293E+00

0.211E+01

75.0

27

0.275E+03

0.209E+05

0.535E+01

0.235E+04 -0.293E+00 -0 211E+01

75.0

28 -0.281E+03

0.391E+05

0.629E+01 -0.235E+04 -0.323E+00 -0.179E+01

90.0

29 -0.280E+03

0.391E+05

0.293E+00 -0.235E+04

0.130E+00

0.284E+01

90.0

30

0.276E+03

0.209E+05

0.287E+0C

0.235E+04

0.140E+00

0.243E+01

75.0

31

0.276E+03

0.209E+05

0.287E+00

0.235E+04 -0.140E+00 -0.243E+01

75.0

32 -0.280E+03

0.391E+O5

0.293E+00 -0.235E+04 -0.130E+00 -0.284E+01

90.0

NEL

SI

S2

S3

S6

S5

S4

C.391E+05 -0.277E+03

C.187E+02

0.235E+04

0.622E+01 -0.909E+00

0.207E+05

0.485E+03

0.160E+02

0.313E+04

0.605E+01

0.207E+C5

0.4e5E+03

0.160E+02

0.313E+04 -0.605E+01 -0.743E+00

0.391E+05 -0.277E+03

0.187E+02

0.235E+04 -0.622E+C1

C.391E+C5 -C.278E+03

0.248E+01

0.235E+04

0.675E+01 -C.399E+00

C.207E+05

0.486E+03

0.217E+01

0.313E+04

0.669E+01

C.207E-"-05

0.486E+03

0.217E+01

0.313E+04 -0.669E+01 -C.142E+01

0.391E+O5 -C.278E+03

0.248E+01

0.235E+04 -0.675E+01

0.391E+05 -0.278E+03

0.653E-0I

0.235E+04 -0.216E+02 -0.552E+01

0.743E+00

0.909E+00

0.142E+01

0.399E+00

10

0.207E+05

0.485E+03 -0.746E+00

0.313E+04 -C.194E+02 -0.109E+02

11

0.207E+05

C.485E+C3 -C.746E+00

0.313E+04

0.194E+02

0.109E+02

12

C.3S1E^05 -0.278E+03

0.653E-01

0.235E+04

0.216E+02

0.552E+01

13

0.391E+05 -0.27eE+03

0.113E+00

C.235E+04 -C.210E+C2 -0.559E+01

14

C.207E J-05

0.485E+C3 -0.692E+00

0.313E+04 -0.1B9E+02 -0.108E+02

15

0.2C7E-G5

0.485E+03 -C.692E+00

0.313E+04

0.189E+02

0.108E+C2

16

0.391E+05 -0.278E+03

0.113E+00

0.235E+04

0.210E+02

0.559E+01

17

0.391E+05 -0.278E+03

0.250E+01

0.235E+04 -0.434E+01

0.992E+00

ie

0.207E+05

0.4e5E+03

0.218E+01

0.313E+04 -0.448E+01 -0.198E+00

19

0.207E+C5

C.485E+03

0.21BE+01

0.313E+04

135

0.448E+01

0.198E+00

20

0.39IE+05 -0.278E+03

0.250E+01

0.235E+04

21

0.391E+05 -0.278E+03

0.190E+02

0.236E+04 -0.566E+01

22

0.207E+05

0.486E+03

0.163E+02

0.313E+04 -0.568E+01 -0.952E+00

23

0.207E+05

0.486E+03

0.163E+02

0.313E+04

0.568E+01

24

0.391E+05 -0.278E+03

0.190E+02

0.236E+04

0.566E+01 -0.608E+00

25

0.390E+05 -0.318E+03 -0.115E+03

0.235E+04 -0.109E+01

0.598E+01

26

0.207E+05

0.450E+03 -0.982E+02

0.313E+04 -0.197E+01

0.575E+01

27

0.207E+05

0.450E+03 -0.982E+02

0.313E+04

0.197E+01 -0.575E+01

28

0.390E+05 -0.318E+03 -0.115E+03

0.235E+04

0.109E+01 -0.598E+01

29

0.39GE+05 -0.320E+03 -0 115E+03

0.235E+04 -0.996E+00

0.634E+01

30

0.207E+05

0.449E+03 -0.980E+02

0.313E+04 -0.190E+01

0.592E+01

31

0.207E+05

C.449E+03 -0.980E-I02

0.313E+04

0.190E+01 -0.592E+01

32

0.390E+05 -0.320E+03 -0.115E+03

0.235E+04

0.996E+00 -0.634E+01

33

0.391E+05 -0.281E+03 -0.594E+00

0.235E+04 -0.B02E+01 -0.205E+01

34

0.207E+05

0.482E+03 -0.107E+01

0.313E+04 -0.720E+01 -0.404E+01

35

0.207E+05

0.482E+03 -0.107E+01

0.313E+04

0.720E+01

0.404E+01

36

0.391E+05 -0.281E+03 -0.594E+00

0.235E+04

0.802E+01

0.205E+01

37

0.391E+05 -0.281E+03 -0.646E+00

0.235E+04 -0.778E+01 -0.206E+01

38

0.207E+05

0.482E+03 -0.117E+01

0.313E+04 -0.701E+01 -0.401E+01

39

0.2C7E+05

C.482E+03 -0.117E+01

0.313E+04

0.701E+01

0.401E+01

40

0.391E+05 -0.2E1E+C3 -0.646E+00

0.235E+04

0.778E+01

0.206E+01

41

0.391E+05 -0.2B1E+G3

0.320E+00

0.235E+04 -0.167E+01

0.370E+00

42

0.207E+05

0.4B2E+03

0.274E+00

0.313E+04 -0.173E+01 -0.927E-C1

43

G.207E+05

0.482E+03

0.274E+00

0.313E+04

0.173E+01

44

0.391E+05 -0.281E+03

0.320E+00

0.235E+04

0.167E+01 -0.370E+00

45

O.SSIE-^CS -0.282E+03

0.641E+01

0.235E+04 -0.211E+01

46

0.207E+C5

0.481E+03

0.552E+01

0.313E+04 -0.215E+01 -0.401E+00

47

0.207E+05

0.481E+03

0.552E+01

0.313E+04

0.215E+01

48

0.391E+05 -0.282E+03

0.641E+01

0.235E+04

0.211E+01 -0.167E+00

49

0.391E+05 -0.294E+03 -0.422E+02

136

0.434E+01 -0.992E+00

0.235E+04 -0.128E+01

0.608E+00

0.952E+00

0.927E-01

0.167E+00

0.401E+00

0.238E+01

ALFA

0.20BE+01

50

0.207E+05

0.471E+03 -0.361E+02

0.313E+04 -0.106E+01

51

0.207E+05

0.471E+03 -0.361E+02

0.313E+04

0.106E+01 -0.20BE+01

52

0.391E+05 -0.294E+03 -0.422E+02

0.235E+04

0.128E+01 -0.23BE+01

53

0.390E+05 -0.295E+03 -0.416E+02

0.235E+04 -0.119E+01

0.202E+01

54

0.207E+05

0.470E+03 -0.356E+02

0.313E+04 -0.100E+01

0.201E+01

55

0.207E+05

0.470E+03 -0.356E+02

0.313E+04

0.100E+01 -0.201E+01

56

0.390E+05 -0.295E+03 -0.416E+02

0.235E+04

0.119E+01 -0.202E+01

57

0.391E+05 -0.2B1E+03

0.629E+01

0.235E+04

0.179E+01 -0.323E+00

58

0.207E+05

0.482E+03

0.535E+01

0.313E+04

0.212E+01

59

0.207E+05

0.482E+03

0.535E+01

0.313E+04 -0.212E+01 -0.264E+00

60

0.391E+05 -0.281E+03

0.629E+01

0.235E+04 -0.179E+01

61

0.391E+05 -0.280E+03

0.293E+00

0.235E+04

0.284E+01 -0.130E+00

62

0.207E+05

0.483E+03

0.287E+00

0.313E+04

0.238E+01

63

0.207E+05

0.483E+03

0.287E+00

0.313E+04 -0.238E+01 -0.493E+00

64

0.391E+05 -0.280E+03

0.293E+00

0.235E+04 -0.2B4E+01

0.264E+00

0.323E+00

0.493E+00

0.130E+00

5.000000

NEL

R6

R2

R3

0.997E+00

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.974E+00

0.971E+00

0.100E+01

0.1O0E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.898E+00

0.898E+00

C.IOOE+Ol

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.B98E+00

0.B98E+00

0.997E+00

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.974E+00

0.971E+00

0.998E+00

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.983E+00

o'.

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.931E+00

0.931E+00

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.931E+00

0.931E+00

0.998E+00

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.983E+00

0.981E+00

0.997E+00

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.974E+00

0.971E+00

10

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.898E+00

0.898E+00

11

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.898E+00

0.898E+00

12

0.997E+00

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.974E+00

0.971E+00

137

R5

RE

PI

P.4

981E+00

13

0.998E+00

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.983E+00

0.9eiE+00

14

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.931E+00

0.931E+00

15

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.931E+00

0.931E+00

16

0.998E+00

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.983E+00

0.981E+00

17

0.997E+00

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.974E+00

0.971E+00

18

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.898E+00

0.898E+00

19

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.898E+00

0.898E+00

20

0.997E+00

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.974E+00

0.971E+00

21

0.998E+00

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.983E+00

0.981E+00

22

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.931E+00

0.931E+00

23

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.931E+00

0.931E+00

24

0.998E400

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.983E+00

0.981E+00

25

0.997E+00

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.974E+00

0.971E+00

26

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.B98E+00

0.898E+00

27

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.898E+00

0.B98E+00

28

0.997E+00

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.974E+00

0.971E+00

29

0.998E+00

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.983E+00

0.981E+00

30

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.931E+00

0.931E+00

31

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.931E+00

0.931E+00

32

0.998E+00

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.983E+C0

0.981E+00

33

0.999E+00

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.995E+00

0.994E+00

34

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.979E+00

0.978E+00

35

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.979E+00

G.978E+00

36

0.999E+00

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.995E+00

C.994E+00

37

0.999E+00

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.995E+00

0.994E+00

38

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.979E+00

0.978E+00

39

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.979E+00

0.978E+00

40

0.999E+00

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.995E+00

0.994E+00

41

0.999E+00

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.995E+00

0.994E+00

42

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.978E+00

0.97BE+00

138

43

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.978E+00

0.97BE+00

44

0.999E+00

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.995E+00

0.994E+00

45

0.999E+00

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.995E+00

0.994E+00

46

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.978E+00

0.97BE+00

47

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.978E+00

0.978E+00

48

0.999E+00

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.995E+00

0.994E+00

49

0.999E+00

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.995E+00

0.994E+00

50

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.978E+00

0.978E+00

51

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.978E+00

0.978E+00

52

0.999E+00

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.995E+00

0.994E+00

53

0.999E+00

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.995E+00

0.994E+00

54

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.979E+00

0.979E+00

55

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.979E+00

0.979E+00

56

0.99SE+00

C.lOOE+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.995E+00

0.994E+00

57

0.999E+00

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.995E+00

0.994E+00

58

0.100E+C1

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.978E+00

0.978E+00

59

O.IOOE+Oi

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.978E+00

0.978E+00

60

0.999E+00

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.995E+00

0.994E+00

61

0.999E+00

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.995E+00

0.994E+00

62

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.979E+00

0.978E+00

63

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.979E+00

0.978E+00

64

0.999E+00

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.995E+00

0.994E+00

RT1

RT2

RT3

RT6

RT5

RT4

RT

TOTAL REL.

0.944E+00

O.OOOE+OO

0.000E+00

TOTAL STRUCTURE RELIABILITY

0.103E+00

139

0.000E+00

0.000E+00

0.000E+00

0.103E+00

H
O -H
Z O O

-H
rH
-H

ID

IB
<L

r
u
i
|J.

<r
LL

<D
iTi
J-J

r
O

o:
UJ

Lt Lu
X LL

>LL'

-H UJ
_i r-

Z X

CD CD

fl~i

in

CD
f'J

CO

UJ

<

C'J

-H

O
W

ft x'

MX

<

LL'

UJ

>Z
i

n
z x
mr
x

140

ADINA-IN

A
a

INPUT

FILE

THA3D4.IN, EIGHT SYMMETRIC LAYERS, REPAIR W/ DIFFER. LAYUP ANGLE.

FILEUNITS LIST=8 L0G = 7 ECH0=7

CONTROL PLOTUNIT=CM
COLORS BCODE=BLUE
A

DATABASE CREATE
WORKSTATION DEVICES
A

HEADING

THA3D4.IN; A**EIGHT LAYERS, DIFFERENT PATCH ANGLE, C90,90I1 AAA

'

MASTER IDOF=000111
PRINTOUT VOLUME=MAXIMUM IPD=1 IPRIC=0 P=STRAINS
PORTHOLE FORMATTED=YES FILE=60
A

COORDINATES

ENTRIES NODE
1

0.

3
4

20.
-20.

0.

6
7

20.
-20.

0.

21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29

101
102
103
104
,

'

X
-20.

105
106
107

-20.
-20.
-20.
0.
0.
0.

'

20.

-20.

20.
20.
20.
-20.

0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1

0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
20.
0.
0.
20.
20.
0.
0.
0.
10.
0.
10.
0.
2.68 0.
0.
10.
10.
0.
-10.
0.

-20.
-20.

0.

20.
-20.
0.

20.
-20.
0.

20.
5.
0.
5.

15.

7.68
15.
15.

A===r======================= = ====== = =================

*N0TE THE MAXES MEAN
1=90DEG 2=15 3=75 4=45 5=-45
A=====================================================
MATERIAL 1 ORTHOTROPIC 181. E05 10.3E05 10.3E05 0.0159 0.0159 0.28,
GAB=7.17E05 7.17E05 7.17E05
:

SYSTEM 1 CYLINDRIC X=0 Y=0 Z=0 PHI=0 THETA=-90. XSI=90.

COORDINATES / ENTRIES NODES R THETA
XL
10
11
12
13
14

15
16
17

10.
10.
10.
10.
10.
10.
10.
10.

0.

45.
90.
135.
180.
225.
270.
315.

141

0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1

18
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38

LINE
LINE
LINE
LINE
LINE
LINE
LINE
LINE
LINE
LINE
LINE
LINE
LINE
LINE
LINE
LINE

CYLINDRIC
CYLINDRIC
CYLINDRIC
CYLINDRIC
CYLINDRIC
CYLINDRIC
CYLINDRIC
CYLINDRIC
CYLINDRIC
CYLINDRIC
CYLINDRIC
CYLINDRIC
CYLINDRIC
CYLINDRIC
CYLINDRIC
CYLINDRIC

11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38

10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37

EL=1
EL=1
EL=1
EL=1
EL=1
EL=1
EL=1
EL=1
EL=1
EL=1
EL = 1
EL=1
EL=1
EL-1
EL=1
EL-1

10.
10.
10.
10.
10.
10.
10.
10.
10.
10.

360.
0.

45.
90.
135.
180.

225.
270.
315.
360.

MIDN0DES=1
MIDN0DES=1
MIDN0DES=1
MIDNODES=l
MIDNODES=l
MIDN0DE5=1
MIDNODES=l
MIDNODES=l
MIDNODES=l
MIDN0DES=1
MIDN0DES=1
MIDN0DES=1
MIDN0DES=1
MIDN0DES=1
MIDN0DES=1
MIDN0DES = 1'

0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.

NC=A
NC=A
NC=A
NC=A
NC=A
NC = A

NC=A
NC=A
NC = A
NC = A
NC = A
NC = A

NC=A
NC=A
NC=A
NC = A

EGROUP 1 THREEDSOLID MATERIALS TABLES

GVOLUME 7 4 18 17 27 24 38 37 EL1=1 EL2 = 1 EL3 = 4
GVOLUME
11 10 24 21 31 30 EL1=1 EL2 = 1 EL3 = 4
GVOLUME
12 11 21 22 32 31 EL1 = 1 EL2 = 1 EL3 = 4
GVOLUME
13 12 22 23 33 32 EL1=1 EL2=1 EL3 = 4
GVOLUME
14 13 23 26 34 33 EL1=1 EL2=1 EL3 = 4
GVOLUME
15 14 26 29 35 34 EL1=1 EL2=1 EL3 = 4
GVOLUME
16 15 29 28 36 35 EL1=1 EL2=1 EL3 = 4
GVOLUME 8 7 17 16 28 27 37 36 EL1=1 EL2=1 EL3 = 4
GSURFACE
8 28 27
EL1=1 EL2=4 N0=9
GSURFACE 8 9 29 28
EL1=1 EL2=4 N0=9
AXES-ORTHOTROPIC 1 NODI=101 N0DJ=103 NODK= 102
AXES-ORTHOTROPIC 2 NODI=101 N0DJ=104 NODK= 102
AXES-ORTHOTROPIC 3 N0DI=101 N0DJ=105 NODK^ 102
AXES-ORTHOTROPIC 4 NODI=101 NODJ=106 NODK= 102
AXES-ORTHOTROPIC 5 NODI=101 NODJ=107 NODK^ 102
ASTRESSTABLE
3 4 5 6 7 8 21 26 27
STRESSTABLE 1 21
EDATA / ENTRIES EL TABLE MAXES
=

112
1

STEP

TO
29
2

STEP

TO
30
3

STEP

TO
31
4

STEP

TO
32

142

NODES= 27
NODES^ :27
NODES: 27
=

NODES 27
=

NODES=
NODES:
NODES:
NODES:

27
27
= 27
= 27
=

LOADS ELEMENT
9

-3.0E04

TO
16

-3.0E04

FIXB 123 LINES /

FIXB 23 SURFACES

28

28 27

29 28

A
A

EGROUP 2 THP.EEDSOLID MATERIALS TABLES

GVOLUME 11 12 5 5 31 32 25 25 EL1=1 EL2 = 1 EL3=4
GVOLUME 12 13 5 5 32 33 25 25 EL1=1 EL2=1 EL3=4
GVOLUME 13 14 5 5 33 34 25 25 EL1=1 EL2=1 EL3=4
GVOLUME 14 15 5 5 34 35 25 25 EL1=1 EL2 = 1 EL3=4
GVOLUME 15 16 5 5 35 36 25 25 EL1=1 EL2=1 EL3=4
GVOLUME 16 17 5 5 36 37 25 25 EL1=1 EL2=1 EL3=4
GVOLUME 17 18 5 5 37 38 25 25 EL1=1 EL2 = 1 EL3 = 4
GVOLUME 10 11 5 5 30 31 25 25 EL1=1 EL2=1 EL3=4
AXES-ORTHOTROPIC 1 NODI=101 NODJ=103 NODK=102
AXES-ORTHOTROPIC 2 NODI=101 NODJ=104 NODK=102
AXES-ORTHOTROPIC 3 NODI=101 NODJ=105 NODK=102
AXES-ORTHOTROPIC 4 NODI=101 NODJ=106 NODK=102
AXES-ORTHOTROPIC 5 NODI=101 NODJ=107 NODK=102
*STRES STABLE 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 21 26 27
STRESSTABLE 1 21
EDATA / ENTRIES EL TABLE MAXES
STEP

N0DES=27
N0DES=27
N0DES=27
N0DES=27
N0DES=27
N0DES=27
N0DES=27
NODES=27

TO
29
2

STEP

TO
30
3

STEP

TO
31
4

STEP

TO
32

A
A

EGZONE NAME=THREEDSOLID / 1 / 2
FRAME- HEADING=UPPER XSF=1.0 YSF=0.5 XFMAX =22.5 YFMAX=17.0
MESH ZONE=THREEDSOLID NODES=0 ELEMENT=1 H IDDEN=DASHED BCODE=ALL
A

ADINA
A

END

143

INPUT STRESS FN = THA3D4 STR

INPUT ELEM. ANGLE FN = THA3D4.EL
INPUT AREAS OF ELEMENTS FN =THA3D4.ARE
OUTPUT FN =THA3D4.REL
OUTPUT THA3D4 REL
.

NEL

SX

SXY

ANGLE

SXZ

SYZ

0.371E+05 -0.470E+00 -0.197E+04

0.142E+01

0.316E+01

90.0

0.133E+01

SY

SZ

-0.336E+02

0.690E+03

0.216E+05 -0.521E+00

0.295E+04

0.322E+01

75.0

0.690E+03

0.216E+05 -0.521E+00

0.295E+04 -0.133E+01 -0.322E+01

75.0

-0.336E+02

0.371E+05 -0.470E+00 -0.197E+04 -0.142E+01 -0.316E+01

90.0

-0.722E+03

0.382E+05

0.137E+02 ^0.203E+04 -0.123E+01

0.284E+01

90.

-0.759E+02

0.215E+05

0.158E+02

0.279E+04 -0.666E+00

0.504E+01

75.0

-0.759E+02

0.215E+05

0.158E<-02

0.279E+04

0.666E+00 -0.504E+01

75.0

-0.722E+03

0.382E+05

0.137E+02 -0.203E+04

0.123E+01 -0.284E+01

90.0

-0.530E+03

0.393E+05

0.120E+02 -0.228E+04

0.801E+00 -0.160E+02

90.0

10

0.468E+02

0.213E+05

0.137E+02

0.248E+04

0.433E+01 -0.165E+02

75.0

11

0.468E+02

0.213E+05

0.137E+02

0.248E+04 -0.433E+01

0.165E+02

75.0

12

-0.530E+03

0.393E+05

0.120E+02 -0.22BE+04 -0.801E+00

0.160E+02

90.0

13

-0.189E+03

0.397E+05 -0.200E+02 -0.241E+04

0.390E+01 -0.153E+02

90.0

14

0.380E+03

0.213E+05 -0.166E+02

0.23BE+04

0.407E+01 -0.166E+02

75.0

15

0.380E+03

0.213E+05 -0.166E+02

0.238E+04 -0.407E+01

0.166E+02

75.0

16

-C.189E+03

0.397E+05 -0.200E+02 -0.241E+04 -0.390E+01

0.153E+02

90.0

17

0.166E+02

0.378E+05 -0.109E+02 -0.223E+04 -0.117E+01 -0.141E+01

90.0

18

0.627E+03

0.208E+05 -0.882E+01

0.250E+04 -0.172E+01 -0.371E+01

19

C.627E+03

0.206E+C5 -0.862E+01

0.250E+04

0.172E+01

0.371E+01

75.0

20

0.166E+02

0.378E+05 -0.109E+02 -0.223E+04

0.117E+01

0.141E+01

90.0

21

-0.564E+03

0.377E+05

0.347E+02 -0.209E+04

0.981E+00 -0.526E+01

90.0

22

0.411E+02

0.209E+05

0.344E+02

0.260E+04

0.167E+00 -0.618E+01

75.0

23

0.411E+02

0.209E+05

0.344E+02

0.260E+04 -0.167E+00

0.618E+01

75.0

24

-0.564E+03

0.377E+05

0.347E+02 -0.209E+04 -0.981E+00

0.526E+01

90.0

0.375E+05 -0.101E+03 -0.243E+04 -0.309E+01 -0.679E+01

90.0

'

75.0

25 -0.293E+03

144

26

0.146E+03

0.192E+05 -0.844E+02

0.187E+04 -0.457E+01 -0.428E+01

75.0

27

0.146E+03

0.192E+05 -0.844E+02

0.187E+04

0.457E+01

0.428E+01

75.0

0.375E+05 -0.101E+03 -0.243E+04

0.309E+01

0.679E+01

90.0

28 -0.293E+03
29

0.120E+02

0.418E+05 -0.140E+03 -0.252E+04 -0.267E+01 -0.487E+01

90.0

30

0.664E+03

0.227E+05 -0.122E+03

0.265E+04 -0.502E+01 -0.298E+01

75.0

31

0.664E+03

0.227E+05 -0.122E+03

0.265E+04

0.502E+01

0.298E+01

75.0

32

0.120E+02

0.418E+05 -0.140E+03 -0.252E+04

0.267E+01

0.487E+01

90.0

-0.123E+03

0.308E+05 -0.208E+02 -0.538E+03 -0.223E+01

0.212E+01

90.0

-0.127E+03

0.308E+05 -0.350E+02 -0.538E+03 -0.696E+00

0.155E+01

90.0

-0.127E+03

0.308E+05 -0.350E+02 -0.538E+03

0.696E+00 -0.155E+01

90.0

-0.123E+03

0.30BE+05 -0.208E+02 -0.538E+03

0.223E+01 -0.212E+01

90.0

-0.874E+02

0.301E+05

0.748E+02 -0.690E+03 -0.302E+01

0.302E+01

90.0

-0.913E+02

0.301E+05

0.613E+02 -0.690E+03 -0.329E+00

0.357E+01

90.0

-0.913E+02

0.301E+05

0.613E+02 -0.690E+03

0.329E+00 -0.357E+01

90.0

-0.B74E+02

0.301E+05

0.748E+02 -0.690E+03

0.302E+01 -0.302E+01

90.0

-0.698E+02

0.300E+05

0.499E+02 -0.775E+03 -0.306E+01

0.358E+01

90.0

10

-0.728E+02

0.300E+05

0.393E+02 -0.775E+03 -0.124E+01

0.457E+01

90.0

11

-0.728E+02

0.300E+05

0.393E+02 -0.775E+03

0.124E+01 -0.457E+01

90.0

12

-0.69BE+02

0.300E+05

0.499E+02 -0.775E+03

0.306E+01 -0.35BE+01

90.0

13

-0.488E+C2

C.29SE+05 -0.410E+C2 -0.810E+03

0.150E+01 -0.539E+01

90.0

14

-0.517E+02

0.299E+05 -0.514E+02 -0.810E+03

0.943E+00 -0.355E+01

90.0

15 -0.517E+02

0.299E+05 -0.514E+02 -0.810E+03 -0.943E+00

0.355E+01

90.0

16

-0.488E+02

0.299E+05 -0.410E+02 -0.810E+03 -0.150E+01

0.539E+01

90.0

17

-0.822E+02

C.302E+05 -0.545E+02 -0.768E+03

0.178E+01 -0.117E+02

90.0

18 -0.849E+02

0.301E+05 -0.640E+02 -0.769E+03

0.309E+00 -0.996E+01

90.0

19

-0.B49E+02

0.301E+05 -0.640E+02 -0.769E+03 -0.309E+00

0.996E+01

90.0

20

-0.822E+02

0.302E+05 -0.545E+02 -0.768E+03 -0.178E+01

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90.0

21

-0.12BE+03

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0.374E+02 -0.668E+03

0.724E+00 -0.125E+02

90.0

22 -0.130E+03

0.309E+05

0.298E+02 -0.668E+03

0.211E+00 -0.116E+02

90.0

23 -0.130E+03

0.309E+C5

0.29BE+02 -0.668E+03 -0.211E+00

145

0.116E+02

90.0

24

-0.12BE+03

0.309E+05

0.374E+02 -0.66BE+03 -0.724E+00

25

-0.162E+03

0.315E+05

26

-0.165E+03

27

0.125E+02

90.0

0.563E+02 -0.620E+03

0.193E+01 -0.617E+01

90.0

0.315E+05

0.456E+02 -0.620E+03

0.117E+01 -0.485E+01

90.0

-0.165E+03

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0.456E+02 -0.620E+03 -0.117E+01

0.485E+01

90.0

28 -0.162E+03

0.315E+05

0.563E+02 -0.620E+03 -0.193E+01

0.617E+01

90.0

-0.163E+03

0.314E+05 -0.605E+02 -0.589E+03 -0.297E+01

0.613E+01

90.0

30 -0.166E+03

0.314E+05 -0.699E+02 -0.589E+03 -0.114E+01

0.337E+01

90.0

29

-0.166E+03

0.314E+05 -0.699E+02 -0.589E+03

0.114E+01 -0.337E+01

90.0

32 -0.163E+03

0.314E+05 -0.605E+02 -0.589E+03

0.297E+01 -0.613E+01

90.0

31

NEL

SI

S2

S6

S3

S5

S4

0.371E+05 -0.336E+02 -0.470E+00

0.216E+05

0.612E+03 -0.521E+00

0.216E+05

0.612E+03 -0.521E+00

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0.214E+05 -0.249E+02

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0.3B2E+05 -0.722E+03

0.137E+C2

0.203E+04 -0.284E+01 -0.123E+01

0.393E+05 -0.530E+03

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10

0.211E+05

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11

0.211E+05

0.229E+03

0.137E+02

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0.845E+C1

12

0.393E-^05 -0.530E+03

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0.160E+02

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13

0.397E+05 -0.189E+03 -0.200E+02

0.241E+04 -0.153E+02 -C.390E+01

14

0.211E+05

0.589E+03 -0.166E+02

0.316E+04 -0.150E+02 -0.823E+01

15

0.211E+05

0.589E+03 -0.166E+02

0.316E+04

0.150E+02

0.823E+01

16

0.397E+05 -0.189E+03 -0.200E+02

0.241E+04

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0.390E+01

17

0.378E+05

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0.223E+04 -0.141E+01

0.117E+01

18

0.207E+05

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0.289E+04 -0.403E+01

0.704E+00

19

0.207E+05

0.730E+03 -0.882E+01

0.289E+04

146

0.197E+04

0.316E+01 -0.142E+01

266E+04

0.345E+01 -0.451E+00

0.403E+01 -0.704E+00

0.166E+02 -0.1O9E+02

0.223E+04

0.141E+01 -0.117E+01

20

0.378E+05

21

0.377E+05 -0.564E+03

0.347E+02

0.209E+04 -0.526E+01 -0.9B1E+00

22

0.208E+05

0.140E+03

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0.297E+04 -0.592E+01 -0.176E+01

23

0.208E+05

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24

0.377E+05 -0.564E+03

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0.981E+00

25

0.375E+05 -0.293E+03 -0 101E+03

0.243E+04 -0.679E+01

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26

0.189E+05

0.488E+03 -0.844E+02

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0.331E+01

27

0.189E+05

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0.315E+04

0.532E+01 -0.331E+01

28

0.375E+05 -0.293E+03 -0.101E+03

0.243E+04

0.679E+01 -0.309E+01

29

0.418E+05

0.120E+02 -0.140E+03

0.252E+04 -0.487E+01

0.267E+01

30

0.226E+05

0.818E+03 -0.122E+03

0.323E+04 -0.418E+01

0.407E+01

31

0.226E+05

0.818E+03 -0.122E J-03

0.323E+04

0.418E+01 -0.407E+01

32

0.418E+05

0.120E+02 -0.140E+03

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33

0.308E+05 -0.123E+03 -0.208E+02

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34

0.308E+05 -0.127E+03 -0.350E+02

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35

0.308E+05 -0.127E+03 -0.350E+02

0.538E+03 -0.155E+01 -0.696E+00

36

0.308E+05 -0.123E+03 -0.208E+02

0.53BE+03 -0.212E+01 -0.223E+01

37

0.3O1E+05 -0.874E+02

0.748E+02

0.690E+03

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0.302E+01

38

C.301E+05 -0.913E+02

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0.329E+00

39

0.301E+05 -0.913E+02

0.613E+02

0.690E+03 -0.357E+01 -0.329E+00

40

0.301E+05 -0.874E+02

0.748E+02

0.690E+03 -0.302E+01 -0.302E+01

41

0.300E+05 -0.698E+02

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42

0.300E+05 -0.728E+02

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43

0.300E+05 -0.728E+02

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0.775E+03 -0.457E+01 -0.124E+01

44

0.300E+05 -0.698E+02

0.499E+02

0.775E+03 -0.35BE+01 -0.306E+01

45

0.299E+05 -0.488E+02 -0.410E+02

0.810E+03 -0.539E+01 -0.150E+01

46

0.299E+05 -0.517E+02 -0.514E+02

0.B10E+03 -0.355E+01 -0.943E+00

47

0.299E+05 -0.517E+02 -0.514E+02

0.810E+03

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48

0.299E+05 -0.488E+02 -0.410E+02

0.810E+03

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49

0.302E+05 -0.B22E+02 -0.545E+02

0.768E+03 -0.117E+02 -0.178E+01

147

ALFA

50

0.301E+05 -0.849E+02 -0.640E+02

0.769E+03 -0.996E+01 -0.309E+00

51

0.301E+05 -0.849E+02 -0.640E+02

0.769E+03

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52

0.302E+05 -0.B22E+02 -0.545E+02

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53

0.309E+05 -0.128E+03

0.374E+02

0.668E+03 -0.125E+02 -0.724E+00

54

0.309E+05 -0.130E+03

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55

0.309E+05 -0.130E+03

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56

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57

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58

0.315E+05 -0.165E+03

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59

0.315E+05 -0.165E+03

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60

0.315E+05 -0.162E+03

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61

0.314E+05 -0.163E+03 -0.605E+02

0.589E+03

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62

0.314E+05 -C.166E+03 -0.699E+02

0.589E+03

0.337E+01

0.114E+01

63

0.314E+05 -0.166E+03 -0.699E+02

0.589E+03 -0.337E+01 -0.114E+01

64

0.314E+05 -0.163E+03 -0.605E+02

0.589E+03 -0.613E+01 -0.297E+01

5.000000

RE

Rl

R2

R3

R6

R5

R4

0.1OOE+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

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0.100E+01

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0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

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0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

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0.999E+00

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

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0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

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13

0.1O0E+01

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0.998E+00

NEL

148

14

0.100E+01

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20

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23

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29

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30

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32

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37

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39

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41

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42

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43

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0.100E+01

149

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0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

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45

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46

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47

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

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0.100E+01

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48

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0.100E+01

0.100E+01

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0.100E+01

0.100E+01

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49

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0.100E+01

0.100E+01

50

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.1O0E+01

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51

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

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0.100E+01

52

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

53

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

54

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

55

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

56

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

57

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

58

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

59

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

60

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

61

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

62

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.10CE+01

0.100E+01

63

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

64

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

0.100E+01

RT1

RT2

RT3

RT6

RT5

RT4

TOTAL REL.

0.992E+00

0.000E+O0

.TOTAL STRUCTURE RELIABILITY

O.OOOE+OO
0.87 3E+0

150

O.OOOE+OO

0.0O0E+O0

O.OOOE+OO

RT

0.873E+00

LIST

1.

OF REFERENCES

Labor, J. D., and Myre, S. H., Large Area Composite Structure

Repair, Northrop Corp. AFFDL-TR-79-3040, March 1979.

2.

Robert M. Jones, Mechanics of Composite Materials, Hemisphere

Publishing Corp., New York, 1975.

3.

Tsai,

4.

Stephen W., and Wu, Edward M., "A General Theory of

Strength for Anisotropic Material," Journal of Composite Materials,
January 1979, pp. 58-90.
Harlow, D. G.. and Phoenix, S. L., The Chain-of-Bundle Probability
Model for the Strength of Fibrous Material I, II," Journal of Composite Materials, vol. 12, pp. 195-214

5.

6.

and 314-334.

and Rosen, B. Walter, Evaluation of FilamentsReinforced Composites for Aerospace Structural Applications. NASA
CR-207, April 1965.
Dow, Norris

F.,

ADINA Enginering. ADINA-IN Users Manual Report ARD

ADINA R&D, Inc., Massachussetts, December 1987.
Stephen W., Composites Design, 3rd
Dayton, Paris and Tokyo, 1987.

7.

Tsai,

8.

Wu, Edward

ed.,

87-4,

Think Composite:

M., private communication with the author, Naval

Postgraduate School. Monterey, California, 1989.

151

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J
Thesxs
M27847

Thesis
M27847
c.l

man

eite

material

Maman
Composite material
repair and reliability,