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2 QC parameters
The gyro temperature should not exceed the maximum calibrated value of 82 C.
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2 QC parameters
The mass unbalance spin axis offset is measured downhole and compared with the pre-calibration value. If required the actual value
can be applied downhole.
The gyro temperature should not exceed the maximum calibrated value of 95C.
Finder (SDI)
1 directional drilling survey tool description
The Finder of Scientific Drilling International is a single axis gyro directional drilling survey tool, i.e. the gyro has one sensing axis
in the cross-borehole plane. The tool applies gyrocompassing to determine azimuth. Due to its accuracy this can only be performed
up to 15 inclination. For this purpose, four measurements at 90 toolface differences are performed. With two pairs of
measurements at 180 apart toolface angle, gyro bias effects are eliminated. Above 15 inclination the tool applies the continuous
mode. At the start of the continuous mode an initialisation is performed consisting of multiple gyrocompassing measurements. The
Finder directional drilling survey tool can be run on wireline. For highly inclined wells the directional drilling survey tool can be
pumped downhole.
2 QC parameters
North seek initialisation error is the major error source for the continuous mode. Mass unbalance spin axis offset and gyro bias both
contribute to the gyro drift. Regular drift checks are performed to measure the actual gyro bias.
The gyro temperature should not exceed the maximum calibrated value of 82C.
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Gyrocompassing mode (inclination < 15): Surveys should be taken at pre-selected depth increments, typically every 25 m
(100 ft). This mode is used until an inclination of approximately 15 is reached during an inrun or outrun.
Continuous mode (inclination > 15): At an inclination of 15 the tool is switched over to continuous mode. At the start of
this mode a series of gyrocompassing readings are taken. This is called North seek initialisation. The azimuth standard
deviation of the North seek initialisation should be less than 0.25. During the continuous mode drift checks/tunes are
needed. A drift check is made if one of the following changes has occurred since the last drift check:
-15 of inclination change;
-15 of azimuth change;
-15 F (8.3C) of temperature increase;
-15 minutes have elapsed since the last drift check.
Surveys should be taken at pre-selected depth increments, typically every 10 m (30 ft).
GCT (Schlumberger )
1 directional drilling survey tool description
The Schlumberger GCT is run in continuous mode for low and high inclinations. At the start of a survey a North seek initialisation
consisting of multiple gyrocompassing measurements is performed. Table 154 gives a summary of the GCT specifications.
2 QC parameters
North seek initialisation is the major source of uncertainty. The drift rate is determined by taking drift measurements at the start/end
of a survey and at bottom.
G2 (Sperry-Sun)
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2 QC parameters
3 Additional running procedures
Initialisation and wellsite calibration check: On the wellsite a full onsite calibration check can be performed. However, in
unstable environments it may be difficult to perform a full calibration and may be replaced by a downhole gyro calibration
check.
At the start of a survey, two North seek initialisations are performed. The first initialisation is used to check the tool's
repeatability. An initialisation consists of a number of alignments and lasts 15 minutes. Above 15 inclination a tie-in point
can be used for referencing. In gyrocompassing mode the tool stops at pre-selected depth and a survey is taken. A survey
takes 10 seconds. In continuous mode the survey data is transmitted every 10 m (25 ft). For both modes the drift is
monitored and compared with theoretical drift, the latter based on calibration data. At the end of a survey another alignment
is performed and the difference known as the closure rate between the two alignments is derived.
Drift checks: During the survey drift checks are taken. A drift check is made if one of the following changes has occurred
since the last drift check:
-10 of inclination change;
-10 of azimuth change;
-10C of temperature change.
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