Aerodynamic Coefficients

..
.4
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Aerodynamic Characteristics
of Seven Symmetrical Airfoil
Sections Through 180-Degree
Angle of Attack for Use in
Aerodynamic Analysis of
Vertical Axis Wind Turbines
Robert E. Sheldahl
Aerothermodynarnics
Division 5633
and
Paul C. Klimas
Advanced Energy Projects Division 4715
Sandia National Laboratories
Albuquerque,
NM 87185
ABSTRACT
When work began on the Darrieus vertical axis wind turbine (VAWT) program
at Sandia National Laboratories, it was recognized that there was a paucity of
symmetrical airfoil data needed to describe the aerodynamics of turbine blades.
Curved-bladed
Darrieus turbines operate at local Reynolds numbers (Re) and
angles of attack (a) seldom encountered in aeronautical applications. This report
describes (1) a wind tunnel test series conducted at moderate values of Re in
which O < a ~ 180 force and moment data were obtained for four symmetrical
blade-candidate
airfoil sections (NACA-0009, -0012, -0012H, and -0015), and (2)
how an airfoil property synthesizer code can be used to extend the measured
properties to arbitrary values of Re (l@ = Re < 107) and to certain other section
profiles (NACA-0018, -0021, -0025).
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
B. F. Blackwell, Sandia National Laboratories Organization,
1537, was involved
with the Sandia wind energy program when the experimental
data for this
report were obtained; his contributions to the program are gratefully acknowledged. The efforts of Professor M. H. Snyder and the personnel of the Walter H.
Beech Memorial Low-Speed Wind Tunnel at Wichita State University, Wichita,
Kansas, in obtaining the experimental
airfoil section data and R. E. French,
Sandia Organization,
5636, in producing the computed airfoil data are greatly
appreciated.
CONTENTS
SYMBOLS ..................................................................................................... 8
Introduction ................................................................................................. 9
Airfoil Section Models ............................................................................... 9
Test Facility .................................................................................................. 10
Test E~escription ........................................................................................... 10
Experimental Results .................................................................................. 10
Reyncllds Number Extrapolation .............................................................. 11
Conclusions ..................................................................................................l2
Refer(!nces ..................................................................................................... 12
Tables
1
Coordinates for the Modified NACA-0012 (NACA-0012H)

Airfctil ....................................................................................................... 12
Lift and Drag Coefficients for the NACA-0012 Airfoil (104 s Re

~ lo7) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..oo. . ..o . . . . . . . . . . . ..r . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

~ IOT).........................................................+.o.4...o.............o.................. 27

~ 5 x 106) . . . .. O.. . . . . . .. O.O...O.O.. .. O.. .. O.. . . . . ..4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. O...@... 41
Lift and Drag Coefficients for the NACA-0021 Airfoil (104 = Re

.
<5 x 106) ........................................................................................... 52
Lift and Drag Coefficients for the NACA-0025 Airfoil (104 ~ Re
~ 5 x 106) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. O.<.. . . . . . . . . . . . .. O.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
Illustrations
Figure
1 Equatorial Plane Angle of Attack Variation for the 17-Metre
Turbine at a Rotational Speed of 46 rpm (4.82 rad/s) ................. 75
2
Variation of the Chord Reynolds Number at the Equatorial

Plane of the 17-Metre Turbine at a Rotational Speed of 46 rpm
(4.82 rad/s) ......................................................................................... 76
%ction Lift Coefficients for the NACA-0009 Airfoil at Reynolds

Numbers of 0.36 x 106 and 0.69 x 106............................................. 77
Section Lift Coefficients for the NACA-0012 Airfoil at Reynolds

Numbers of 0.36 x 106 and 0.70 x 106............................................. 78
%ction Lift Coefficients for the NACA-0012 Airfoil at Reynolds

Numbers of 0.86 x 10s and 1.76 x 106............................................. 79
Section Lift Coefficients

for the NACA-0012H
Airfoil at Reynolds Numbers of 0.36 x 106 and 0.70 x 106.................................. 80
%:ction Lift Coefficients for the NACA-0015 Airfoil at Reynolds

Numbers of 0.36 x 106 and 0.68 x 106 ............................................. 81
Section Lift Coefficients for Four Airfoil Sections at an Approximate Reynolds Number of 0.70 x 106 ............................................. 82
Full Range Section Lift Coefficients for the NACA-0009 Airfoil

at Reynolds Numbers of 0.36 x 106, 0.50 x 106,
and 0.69 xlOc ...................................................................................... 83
10

and 0.70 x 10c ..................................................................................... 84
Illustrations (Cent)
Figure
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
Section Drag Coefficients

for the NACA-0009 Airfoil at Small
Angles of Attack and Reynolds Numbers of 0.36 x 106, 0.50x 106,
and 0.69 x 106 ..................................................................................... 87
and 0.70 x 106 ..................................................................................
88
and 1.76 x 106. .................................................................................... 89
Section Drag Coefficients for the NACA-0012H Airfoil at Small
Angles of Attack and Reynolds Numbers of 0.36 x 10fI, 0.49 x
10A,and 0.70 x 10b............................................................................... 90
Angles of Attack and Reynolds Numbers of 0.36 x 10fI, 0.50x 106,
and 0.68 x 106 ..... ................................................................................ 91
Full Range Section Drag Coefficients for the NACA-0009 Airfoil
and 0.69 x 106... .................................................................................. 92
19

at Reynolds Numbers of 0.36 x 106, 0.50 x 106, and
0.70 X 106 .. . .......................................................................................... 93
20
Full Range Section Drag Coefficients

for the NACA-0012H
Airfoil at Reynolds Numbers of 0,36 x 106, 0.49 x 106, and
0.70 X 106 ...........................................................................................
21
22
23
24
25
26
Full Range Section Lift Coefficients

for the NACA-0012H Airfoil at Reynolds Numbers of 0.36 x 106, 0.49 x 106,
and 0.70 x 106 ..................................................................................... 85
at Reynolds Numbers of 0.36 x 106, 0.50 x 106, and
0.68 X 106 ... . . . ...................................................................................... 86
94
and 0.68 x 106 ..................................................................................... 95
NACA-0009
Airfoil Section Moment Coefficients
About the
Quarter Chord for Reynolds Numbers of 0.36x 106, 0.5x 106 and
0.69 X 106 ...........................................................................................
96
NACA-0012
About the
Quarter Chord for Reynolds Numbers of 0.36 x 106, 0.50 x 106,
and 0.70 x 106 ..................................................................................... 97
NACA-0012
About the
and 1.76 x 10fI... .................................................................................. 98
NACA-0012H
About the
and 0.70 x 10fJ.................................................................................... 99
NACA-0015
About the
and 0.68 x 106 ~..................................................................................
.
100
Illustrations (Cent)
Figure
27
Full Range Section Moment Coefficients

About the Quarter
Chord for the NACA-0009 Airfoil at Reynolds Numbers of 0.36 x
106, (3.50 x 106, and
0.69 x 1(36 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
28

About the Quarter
Chord for the NACA-0012 Airfoil at Reynolds Numbers of 0.36 x
106,
0.50 x 106 and 0.7(3 x 1(36 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
29

About the Quarter
Chord for the NACA-0012H
Airfoil at Reynolds Numbers of
0.36 x 106, 0.49 x 106, and 0.70 x 10s ............................................... 103
30

About the Quarter
Chord for a NACA-0015 Airfoil at Reynolds Numbers of 0.36 x
106, 0.50 x 10s, and 0.68 x 10b........................................................... 104
31
Full Range Section Axial Force Coefficients for the NACA-0012

Airfoil at Reynolds Numbers of 0.36 x 106, 0.50 x 106
and 0.70 x 10s ..................................................................................... 105
32
Full Range Section Axial Force Coefficients

for the NACA0012H Airfoil at Reynolds Numbers of 0.36 x 106, 0.49x 106 and
0.70 X 10s ............................................................................................. 106
33
Full Range Section Axial Force Coefficients for the NACA-0015

Airfoil at Reynolds Numbers of 0.36 x 10s, 0.50 x 106
and 0.68 x 10s ..................................................................................... 107
34
Predicted and Measured Values of Minimum

Section Drag
Cdo, as a Function
of Reynolds number, Re ............108
Coefficients,
35
Predicted and Measured Values of Section Maximum Lift Coefficients, C ~~u, as a Function of Reynolds number, Re ................109
36
Power Coefficient
as a Function of Tip-Speed Ratio for the
Sandia 17-m Diameter Darrieus Turbine with a Height to Diameter Ratio of 1.0, Two NACA-0015 0.61-m Chord Blades at a
Rotational Speed of 50.6 rpm . ......................................................... 110
37
Power Coefficient
as a Function of Tip-speed Ratio for the
Sandia 5-m Diameter Darrieus Turbine with a Height to Diameter Ratio of 1.0, Two NACA-0015
O.15-m Chord Blades at a
Rotational Speed of 162.5 rpm . ....................................................... 111
SYMBOLS
4
Turbine
Airfoil
swept area
chord length
Ca Section
axial force coefficient,
cd
Section
drag coefficient,
c!
Section
lift coefficient,
cm Section
moment
span /q~cz
Turbine
Rotor radius
Dynamic
Re Reynolds
u
Relative
section drag per unit span/q~c

section lift per unit span/q@c
coefficient,
section
moment
Qu
Cp Power coefficient,
Q
%
axial force per unit span/q~c
hpmVm3A~
Aerodynamic
pressure,
torque
1hpmVm2
pmuc
1%
numbers,
velocity
Vm Free stream wind velocity

x
Tip speed ratio, &

m
Angle of attack
Angle of rotation
about the turbine
l.%) Free stream viscosity

Pa Free stream density
@
Turbine
angular
velocity
vertical
axis
at c/4
per
unit
Aerodynamic Characteristics
of Seven Symmetrical Airfoil
Sections Through 180-Degree
Angle of Attack for Use in
Aerodynamic Analysis of
Vertical Axis Wind Turbines
Introduction
When analytical work began on the vertical axis
wind turbine, it immediately became apparent that
available data for symmetrical
airfoil sections was
limited. The section data requirements
for application to vertical axis wind turbines are broader in
scope than are those the aircraft industry usually
concerns itself with. Figure 1 shows the range of
angle of attack the airfoil at the equatorial plane of a
Darrieus turbine is exposed to for various tip speed
ratios. At low tip speed ratios, it is possible to be at an
angle of attack approaching
180 deg. In operation,
with a tip speed ratio in excess of 2.0, the angle of
attack can exceed 25 deg. Portions of the airfoil closer
to the axis of rotation will see even greater angles of
attack. This figure shows only one-half of the revolution; the second half will be similar except the angles
of attack will be negative. Thus the airfoil is subjected
to a continually
changing angle of attack cycling
from positive to negative back to positive as it revolves about the vertical axis. This particular figure is
for the 17-m turbine but results are similar for turbines of all sizes. The requirements
here call for
section data for angles of attack to 180 deg and data
for both increasing and decreasing angle of attack
showing airfoil hysteresis.
The turbine blade changes its angle of attack as it
makes its orbit about the rotational axis, The local
Reynolds number changes also. In Figure 2, the
Reynolds number is shown as a function of the
rotation angle for several tip speed ratios. Again, this
is for the 17-m system at a fixed rotational speed of 46
rpm (4.82 :rad/see) and a blade chord of approximately 0.5 m. When the turbine operates with a tip speed
ratio in excess of 2.0, the Reynolds number range is
from 0.5 x 106 to 2 x 106. Scaled down turbines will
also have lower Reynolds numbers proportional
to
chord length. A Sandia 2-m wind tunnel model operated over a range of Reynolds numbers from 0.1 x 106
to 0.3 x 106 in a recent wind tunnel test. The requirements here call for section data over a wide Reynolds
number range. Data for the low Reynolds numbers
(less than 0.5 x 10s) are needed to compare the solutions from computer models with the data from wind
tunnel model tests.
These requirements are generally out of the range
of most published airfoil section data. Examples of
published data for symmetrical airfoil sections are
presented in Refs 1 and 2. The NACA-0012 is one of
the more popular symmetrical airfoils because of its
favorable lift to drag ratio, so there are more data
available for that airfoil.
Sandia National
Laboratories
contracted
with
Wichita State University to construct four different
symmetrical airfoil sections and to test the models at
angles of attack to 180 deg for three different Reynolds numbers. We selected the lowest Reynolds number obtainable that would still be within the operational range of its facility and balance system. The
purpose of these tests was to obtain needed section
data for the NACA-0009,
-0012, and -0015 airfoils
over the angle of attack range of interest at as low a
Reynolds number as possible. Also, a nonstandard
airfoil, a modified-OO12 designated
NACA-0012H,
was tested.
Airfoil Section Models

Four symmetrical airfoil models were constructed
of aluminum; a fifth model was constructed of wood
to standard wind tunnel model tolerances by Wichita
State University. All the aluminum models had 6-in.
(15.24-cm) chords with a 3-ft (0.91-m) span. Three of
these models (NACA-009, -0012, and -0015) had standard airfoil cross sections; geometries for these airfoils are found in Ref 3. The fourth model was a
nonstandard
airfoil. It was a modification
of the
9
NACA-O012 provided by Raymond M. Hicks of NASA/Ames Research Center.i The modification

was
designed with the aid of a computer program to
increase the c~~= of a given airfoil by reducing the
leading edge pressure spike associated with subsonic
airfoils. The new airfoil has been designated NACA0012H because its thickness to chord ratio was left
unchanged at 12?10. The geometry for this airfoil is
presented in Table 1. The fifth airfoil model had a 15in. chord (38. 10-cm) with a 3-ft (0.91-m) span and also
had an NACA-0012 cross section. This model was
constructed to obtain airfoil data at higher Reynolds
numbers and could not, because of its size, be tested
at an angle of attack greater than 30 deg.
Test Facility
The airfoils were tested in the Walter H. Beech
Memorial Wind Tunnel at Wichita State University.s
The Tunnel has a 7 x 10-ft (2.13x 3.05 m) test section
fitted with floor to ceiling two-dimensional
inserts
for testing two-dimensional
airfoil sections. These
inserts in the center of the test section act as flow
splitters to form a separate test section 3 ft (0.91 m)
wide by 7 ft (2.13 m) tall. Part of the total airflow in
the wind tunnel passes through the 3 x 7 ft section
and part passes by each side. The 3 x 7 ft section is
separately instrumented
with pitot-static probes for
determining
flow conditions within that section. A
wake survey probe was installed in the wind tunnel
on a separate series of tests to obtain the airfoil
section drag at low angles of attack for all airfoil
models.
Test Description
The airfoil mod~ls were attached to the end plates
in the walls of the two-dimensional
inserts. These
end plates are the attachments to the angle-of-attack
control mechanism and the facility balance system.
The aluminum models were tested at nominal Reynolds numbers of 0.35 x 106, 0.50 x 106 and 0.70 x 106
through angles of attack of 180 deg. The angle-ofattack control mechanism has an approximate range
of 60 deg; this required that the model be reoriented
on the end plates three times to complete the full
range of angles of attack to 180 deg. This allowed for
some overlap of data near 40,90, and 130 deg. The 15in. chord model was tested at Reynolds numbers of
0.86 x 106, 1.36x 106 and 1.76 x 106 through angles of
attack of -20 to +30 deg.
Data for each airfoil were first obtained over the
range of -24 to +32 deg (increasing a) and then from
+32 deg to -24 deg (decreasing
a) for the three
Reynolds numbers. The 15-in. chord model was limited to a range of -20 to +30 deg. This was done to
10
obtain the hysteresis loop in the region of airfoil stall.

All full range data were obtained with increasing
angles of attack to 180 deg. Lift, drag, and moment
data were obtained from the balance system. All the
data were corrected for wake and solid blockage,
bouyancy, upwash, and wind-turbulence
factor.b The
turbulence factors used to correct the Reynolds numbers to 0.35x 106, 0.50x 106, and 0.70x 106 were 1.38,
1.29, and 1.13, respectively. All of the tests reported
here were performed on aerodynamically
smooth
airfoils. A separate test of the NACA-0015 airfoil with
transition strips was conducted; the strips were of No.
80 Carborundum grit glued to a strip approximately
O.l-in. (0.25-cm) wide located approximately at 17%
of chord station. The results with the strips were
similar to the results without them and thus were
inconclusive and are not presented here.
Experimental
Results
The section coefficient of lift data for the four 6in. chord airfoils and the 15-in. airfoil are shown in
Figures 3 through 7 for the angles of attack from -24
to +24 degrees at nominal Reynolds numbers of 0.35
x 106 and 0.70x 106 for the 6-in. chord airfoils and 0.86
x 106 and 1.76 x 106 for the wooden 15-in. chord
airfoil. Each airfoil cross section is sketched in the
figures. These figures include data obtained for both
increasing and decreasing angle of attack; they demonstrate the extent of the lift coefficient hysteresis for
each airfoil. The lift coefficient for the NACA-0009
airfoil shown in Figure 3 reaches a maximum of
approximately 0.8 near 10-deg angle of attack. There
is not a significant drop in lift past stall nor is there
any significant hysteresis. Data for the NACA-0012
are shown in Figure 4; we see that Ctm has increased
to 1.0 for positive angles and to -1.08 for negative
angles with a hysteresis loop most pronounced for
negative angles. The lift coefficient
data for the
wooden NACA-0012 airfoil at Reynolds numbers of
0.86 x 106 and 1.76 x 106 are shown in Figure 5; here,
Reynolds
the anticipated improved Ctm= at the larger
numbers can be seen.
The NACA-0012H lift data are presented in Figure 6 and show dramatic improvement in lift characteristics over the NACA-0012 for similar Reynolds
numbers. The maximum lift coefficient approaches
t 1.2 at the higher Reynolds number condition. Note
the larger size of the hysteresis in the lift data near
positive and negative stall angles. The dashed line in
the figure shows the curvature
of the standard
NACA-0012 airfoil. The lift data for the NACA-0015
(Figure 7)are similar to the NACA-0012H. The maximum lift coefficient for the -0015 is slightly less than
that for the -O012H, but stall is less abrupt and occurs
at a slightly greater angle of attack. Figure 8 is a
composite of the data for the four 6-in. chord airfoils
and shows lift data at a Reynolds number of 0.7 x 106.
Data shown are for increasing angle of attack for
positive angles and decreasing angle of attack for
negative angles; this shows the increased performance of the NACA-0012H and the favorable performance of the NACA-0015.
Figures 9 through 12 show the full range section
lift coefficient data for the four small airfoils. All data
were taken with the angle of attack increasing. The
data for all the airfoils beyond 25-deg angle of attack
are similar. At an angle of 40 to 45 deg, the lift
coefficient for a -0009 airfoil is greater than 1.1; with
increasing airfoil thickness, the lift coefficient
decreases to 1.05 but, generally speaking, the effect of
the Reynolds number (in the range of 0.35 x 106 to
0.70 x 106) and the airfoil geometry have little effect
on the 1ift coefficient in the angle of attack range of
25 to 181Ddeg.
The section drag coefficients
for the airfoils are
shown in Figures 13 through 17 over the angle-ofattack range of -16 to +16 deg. The minimum drag
coefficient near zero lift is approximately
0.006 for
the NACA-0009. The data for the drag coefficients
were obtained by the balance system and were corrected by data obtained in the angle-of-attack
range
of positive to negative stall by a wake survey method.4 This corrected the force data for drag on the end
plates. The full range section drag coefficients for the
four small airfoil sections are shown in Figures 18
through 21. These data are similar for all angles
greater than 20 deg. At 90 deg, the drag coefficient of
approximately 1.8 is near Hoerners value of 1.98 for a
two-dimensional
flat plate.T
For completeness,
the airfoil section moment coefficients for the tested airfoils are included here.
Shown in Figures 22 through 26 are the section
quarter chord moment coefficients of each airfoil for
the angle-of-attack
range from -24 to +24 deg for
both increasing and decreasing angles of attack. The
effect of hysteresis on the moment coefficients in the
region c~faerodynamic stall can be clearly seen. The
moment coefficients are very near zero at small angles of attack (before airfoil stall) as is anticipated for
a symmetrical airfoil. In Figures 27 through 30 are the
full range section moment coefficients
about the
quarter chord for the four airfoils with 6-in. chords at
nominal. Reynolds numbers of 0.36 x 106, 0.50 x 106
and 0.7CI x 106. There is a great deal of scatter in the
data for angles of attack greater than 45 deg and less
than 135 deg. The full range moment coefficients are
very similar for all four airfoils.
The component of force that makes a vertical axis

wind turbine work is the chordwise or axial force. It
is desirable to increase the area under the positive
portion of the curve for both positive and negative
angles of attack and to minimize the negative axial
force coefficients near zero angle of attack. Figures 31
through 33 show the full range axial force coefficients for the NACA-0012, -O012H, and -0015 airfoil
sections. The important thing to note is the larger
area under the curve before airfoil stall for the
-O012H and -0015 when compared to the -0012. This
should provide better performance from a wind turbine, using either one of these, than the NACA-0012
airfoil. Note that the axial force coefficient
is obtained by
c,=c,
sina-c~cosff.
Data obtained in this manner beyond 20 deg become

very scattered because the results are obtained by
taking small differences of larger numbers.
Reynolds Number Extrapolation

Section data at Reynolds numbers not tested, especially lower values, are needed to perform VAWT
aerodynamic analyses with accuracy. The need also
arises to consider blades whose airfoil sections are not
included among the four profiles examined in the
wind tunnel entry described above. These requirements may be met by combining
section property
predictions from one of the currently available section synthesizer computer codes and those properties
measured. Tables 2 through 6 list c~ and cd vs a
information for O ~ a < 180 at Reynolds numbers
between 104 and 107 obtained by such a combination.
Pre- and early stall section information was calculated, using the computer code PROFILE.S Late and
post-stall section characteristics were taken from the
measurements detailed above. Figures 34 and 35 compare calculated and measured zero lift drag coefficients and maximum lift coefficient, respectively, for
the NACA 0015 airfoil. Agreement was considered
close enough to justify the use of PROFILE predictions over the linear and early nonlinear portions of
the c1 -a curve. For other values of a, it was seen that
behavior was sufficiently
independent
of the Reynolds number to use the Wichita State University
data at all values of Re for which section information
was sought. The precise angle of attack where the
tables switched from calculated to measured performance coefficients was determined by trial and error.
The criterion used was that the VAWT performance
11
as calculated by the conservation

of momentumbased model DARTER9 using the hybrid airfoil characteristics most closely matched that obtained in field
tests of the Sandia 17-m height-to-diameter (H/D) =
1, two-bladed turbine with blades of NACA 0015
section. The final comparison, using Table 3 (0015)
information,
is shown in Figure 36 for a turbine
angular velocity of 50.6 rpm. The same crossover
point was then used in creating Tables 2, 4, 5, and 6
(0012, 0018,0021,
and 0025) data combinations.
Note
that the tabulations for the 18%, 21%, and 25% thick
sections relied upon Reynolds number independence
at high values of a.
Since Tables 2 through 4 were written, a nextgeneration class of aerodynamic loads/performance
models has come into use at Sandia National Laboratories. These are vortex /lifting line models and are
described in Ref 10. Figures 36 and 37 compare predicted and measured performance for the Sandia 17m and 5-m turbines (H/D = 1). These comparisons
would appear to further validate the hybridizing
scheme used.
use with vertical axis wind turbines performance

prediction computer codes. We extended the data to a
wider Reynolds number range (from 104 to 107) and
expanded to additional symmetrical airfoils (NACA0018,-0021, and -0025) by the use of an airfoil section
characteristics synthesizer computer code. These airfoil characteristics
as used by the vertical axis wind
turbine performance prediction codes appear to be
adequately predicting VAWT performance.
References
1.
E. N. Jacobs and A. Sherman, Air/oil Section Characteristics as

A//ected by Variations OJ the Reynolds Number, NACA Report
No. 586, 1937.
2.
L. Loftin, Jr., and H. A. Smith, Aerodynamic Characteristics of 15

NACA Airfoil Sections at Seven Reynolds Numbers from 0.7x 106
to 9.0 x 106, NACA TN 1945, October 1949.
3.
1, H. Abbott and A, E. Von Doenhoff, Theory of Wing Sections,

(New York: McGraw-Hill Book Co, Inc, 1949).
4.
PrivateCommunication,
R. M. Hicks, NASA,AmesResearchCenter, Moffett Field, CA, 94035.
5.
Information jor Users of the Walter H. Beech Memorial Low-Speed

Wind Junne[, Wichita State University Aeronautical Engineering Department, July 1966.
Conclusions
6.
A. Pope and J. J. Harper, Low-Speed Wind Tunnel Testing, (New

York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc, 1966).
The aerodynamic
section data for four different
symmetrical airfoil cross sections (NACA-0009, -0012,
-O012H, and -0015) were obtained for angles of attack
up to 180 deg at nominal Reynolds numbers of 0.36 x
106, 0.50 x 106 and 0.70 x 106. In addition, experimental section coefficients were obtained for the NACA0012 airfoil with a larger chord length at Reynolds
numbers up to 1.76 x 106. The data were obtained for
7.
S. F. Hoerner,
07432, 1965.
8,
R. Eppler, Turbulent Airfoils for General Aviation, Journal of

Aircraft, 15 (2): 93-99 (February 1978).
9,
P. C. Klimas and R. E. French, A Users Manual for the Vertical

Axis Wind Turbine Performance Code DARTER, SAND80-I 155
(Albuquerque: Sandia National Laboratories, May 1980).
10
1. H. Strickland, B. T. Webster, T. Nmven,

A Vortex Model of
.,.
.
Fluid Dynamic Drag, Midland Park, New Jersey,
the Darrieus Turbine: An Analytical and Experimental

Journal o) Fluids Engineering, Vol. 101, No. 4, 1979.
Table 1. Coordinates for the Modified NACA-0012

(NACA-0012H) Airfoil
12
Xlc
*y/c
0.0
0.005
0.010
0.020
0.030
0.040
0.050
0.060
0,080
0.100
0.125
0.150
0.175
0.200
0.225
0.250
0.0
0.01438
0.02074
0.02925
0.03522
0.03982
0.04351
0.04655
0.05121
0.05454
0.05740
0.05924
0.06033
0.06087
0.06100
0.06084
Xlc
*ylc
0.275
0.299
0.349
0.399
0.449
0.500
0.550
0.600
0.650
0.700
0.750
0.800
0.850
0.900
0.950
1.000
0.06048
0.06002
0.05951
0.05808
0.05588
0.05294
0.04952
0.04563
0.04133
0,03664
0.03160
0.02623
0.02053
0.01448
0.00807
0.00126
Study:
NACA-0012
Table 2. Lift and Drag Coefficients for the
Airfoil (104 s Re s 107
Re
10000.0
NACA
0012
SECTION
DATA?
EPPLER
MOOELt
CL?
CD*
DCC78
a
cd
0.0000
o
0
100000
0
2.0000
3.0000
o
4.0000
0
5.0000
0
6.0000
0
7.0000
o
8.0000
0
0
900000
0
11000000
o
:11.0000
0
1200000
0
113.0000
0
:1400000
o
:15.0000
0
116.0000
0
1700000
0
;1800000
0
1900000
0
:ZO*OOOO
T-koooo
:~z.000o
0
0
2300000
:~~.()()oo
0
0
0
0
0
o
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
25.0000
;26.0000
2700000
30.0000
:35.0000
40.0000
4500000
!5000000
55.0000
6000000
65*0000
70*0000
75.0000
{3000000
{3500000
9000000
9500000
100*OOOO
105.0000
1:10.0000
000000
.0830
1534
.2009
.2003
.0328
-01413
-.1142
-*0703
-.0215
.0311
.0848
.1387
.1928
.2468
.3008
.3548
.4079
.4606
.5121
.5838
6161
.6687
.7216
7744
.8276
.8810
.93+5
.9150
1.0200
1.0750
1.0850
1.0400
.9650
.8750
.7650
.6500
.5150
.3700
.2200
.0700
-.0700
-.2200
-.3700
-.5100
.0337
.0338
0343
.0351
.0353
.0351
0460
.0580
.0720
.0860
101O
.1170
.1340
.1520
171O
.1900
.2100
.2310
.2520
.2740
.2973
.3200
.3440
.3690
.3940
.4200
.4460
.4730
.57(IO
.7450
.9200
1.0750
1.2150
1.3450
1.4700
1.5750
1.6650
107350
1.7800
1.8000
1.8000
1.7800
1.7500
107000
1:15.0000
-e6250
10635O
1.5550
1:20.0000
-.7350
1.4650
13
Table 2. (cent)
O
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
125.0000
130.0000
13500000
140.0000
145.0000
150.0000
15500000
160.0000
165.0000
170.0000
175.0000
180.0000
o
0
0
0
0
0
0
-o
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
o
0
0
0
0
0
0
0$
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
o
0
0
14
20000.0
0.0000
1.0000
2.0000
3.0000
4.0000
5.0000
6.0000
7.0000
8-0000
9.0000
10*OOOO
11.0000
1200000
13.0000
14.0000
15.0000
1600000
17.0000
18.0000
19.0000
2000000
21.0000
22.0000
23.0000
24.0000
25.0000
2500000
27.0000
3000000
35.0000
40.000!)
45.0000
50.0000
55.0000
60-0000
65-0000
70.0000
-.8400
-*91OO
-.9450
-09450
-09100
-.8500
-.7400
-.6600
-.6750
-.8500
-.6900
0.0000
NACA 0012
0.0000
1057
.2072
.3032
.3929
.4781
-.0298
-.1089
-.0699
--0198
.0320
.0856
.1894
.1934
.2474
.3014
* 3554
.4089
.4620
5147
.5663
.6184
.6709
.7238
.7765
.8297
.8831
.9365
.9150
1.0200
190750
1.3850
1.0400
.9650
8750
7650
6500
103500
1.2250
1.0850
.9250
.7550
.5750
.4200
.3200
.2300
.1400
.0550
.0250
SECTION
.0245
.0247
.0251
.0259
.0270
.0282
.0460
.0580
DATAs
EPPLER
MODELS
C.S
CDt
DEC78
.0720
.0860
.1010
.1170
.1340
.1520
.1710
191O
.2100
.2300
.2520
.2740
.2970
.3200
.3440
.3690
.3940
.4200
.4460
.4730
.5700
.7450
.9200
1.0750
1.2150
1.345(I
1.4700
1.5750
1-6650
Table !!. (cent)
o
75.0000
0
8000000
85-0000
0
0
90.0000
0
95.0000
0 100.0000
0 105* OOOO
0 110.0000
0 115.0000
0 12000000
O 125.0000
0 130.0000
0 135.0000
0 140.0000
0 14500000
0 15000000
0 155.0000
.51!50
.3700
.2200
.0700
-.0700
-.2200
-.3700
-*51OO
-.6250
-.7350
-.8400
-.9100
-.9450
-.3450
-.9100
--8500
-.7400
0
0
16000000
16500000
-s6600
-.6750
o
0
1
170.0000
17500000
180s0000
40000.0
0.0000
1.0000
2.0000
3.0000
4.0000
5.0000
600000
7.0000
8.0000
9.0000
10.0000
11.0000
12.0000
13.0000
14.0000
15.0000
16.0000
17.0000
18-0000
19.0000
20.0000
21.0000
22.0000
23-0000
24.0000
25.0000
26.0000
o
0
0
o
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
o
0
0
o
o
0
o
0
o
0
o
0
0
o
0
0
-.8!500
-.6900
0.0000
NACA 0012
000000
11OO
.2200
3376
*4464
5276
-6115
-.0212
-.0615
-00160
.0344
.0869
1406
1945
2484
3024
-3563
4107
4644
.5178
,5708
6232
.6755
7283
.7809
.8340
8873
1.7350
1078OO
1-8000
1-8000
1-7800
1.7500
1.7000
10635O
1.5550
1s4650
1.3500
10225O
1.0850
.9250
.7550
.5750
-4200
.3200
2300
.1400
.0550
.0250
SECTION
.0175
.0177
O181
.0189
.0199
.0218
.0232
.0580
.0720
DATA?
:PPLER
I403ELs
CL?
CD?
DEC78
.0860
*101O
.1170
.1340
152~
171O
.1300
21OO
-2310
2520
-2740
2970
.3200
.3440
3690
.3940
.4200
.4450
15
Table 2. (cent)
o
0
0
0
0
0
o
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
o
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
o
0
1
o
0
0
o
0
0
0
0
0
0
o
o
0
0
0
o
0
16
27-0000
30.0000
35.0000
4000000
45.0000
50.0000
55.0000
6000000
65.0000
70.0000
75.0000
8000000
85s0000
90.0000
95.0000
10000000
105.0000
11000000
115.0000
120.0000
125s0000
130.0000
135.0000
140.0000
145.0000
150.0000
15500000
160-0000
16500000
170.0000
17500000
18000000
80000-0
0.0000
1.0000
2.0000
3.0000
4.0000
500000
6-0000
7.0000
8-0000
990000
10.0000
11.0000
12.0000
1300000
14.0000
15.0000
15.0000
9407.9150
100200
1.0750
1.0850
1.0400
9650
3 750
.7650
6500
5150
.3700
.2200
.0700
-.0700
-.2200
-.3700
-*51OO
--6250
-.7350
--8400
-.9100
-.9450
-.9450
-.9100
-.8500
-.7400
--6600
-*6750
-.8500
-s6900
0.0000
NACA 0012
0.0000
.1100
.2200
.3300
.4400
.5500
6384
7227
.6930
-*OO1O
.0413
.0911
.1430
1966
.2504
.3043
3582
473O
.5700
.7450
-9200
1.0750
1s2150
1.3450
1.4700
1.5750
10665O
1.7350
1078OO
1.8000
108000
1078OO
1.7500
1.7000
1s6350
105550
1.4650
1.,3500
1-2250
1,0850
-9250
.7550
.5750
.4200
.3200
2300
.1400
.0550
.02!50
SECTION
.0133
.0134
0138
.0145
.0155
.0170
.0189
-0204
.0222
0600
*0600
.1170
.1340
.1520
171O
.1900
.2100
DATAs
EPPLER
M03ELt
CLt
Co?
DEC78
Table 2. (cent)
-..
o
17.0000
O
1800000
0
19.0000
0
20.0000
0
21.0000
o
22.0000
0
2300000
0
2400000
0
25.0000
0
25.0000
O
27-0000
0
3000000
0
35.0000
0
40.0000
0
45.0000
0
5000000
0
55.0000
0
6000000
0
6500000
70.0000
0
0
75.0000
O
80.0000
0
85.0000
0
9000000
0
95.0000
0 100.0000
0 105* OOOO
0 110.0000
0 115.0000
0 1,20.0000
0 125.0000
0 130.0000
0 135.0000
0 140.0000
0 145.0000
0 150.0000
0 155.0000
0 160,0000
O 165.0000
o 170.0000
0 175.0000
1 18000000
160000.0
o
0.0000
0
1.0000
0
2.0000
0
3.0000
4.0000
0
5.0000
0
0
5*0000
.4139
4689
5232
.5770
6305
m6839
7373
7902
8432
8963
9496
9150
100200
1.0750
1.0850
100400
9650
.8750
.7650
.6500
.5150
.3700
.2200
.0700
-.0700
-.2200
-.3700
-.5100
-.6250
-.7350
-08400
-.9100
-.9450
-.9450
-.3100
-m8500
-.7400
-.6600
--6750
-m8500
--6900
0.0000
NACA 0012
000000
.1100
2200
.3300
.4400
.5500
s6600
2310
.2520
.2740
.2970
3200
.3440
.3690
.3940
.4200
.4+60
.4730
.5700
.7450
.9200
1.0750
10215O
1.3450
1.4700
1.5750
1.6650
1*735CI
1.7800
1.8000
108000
1-7800
1.7500
1.7000
1.6350
1.5550
10465O
1.3500
102250
1.0850
.9250
.7550
.5750
.4200
s3200
2300
.1400
0550
-0250
SECTION
.0103
.0104
-0108
.0114
.0124
.0140
-0152
DATA*
EPPLER
MO)EL?
C-s
CDS
0EC78
17
Table 2. (cent)
_ 0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
o
o
0
0
o
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
7.0000
8.0000
9.0000
10.0000
11.0000
12.0000
13.0000
14.0000
1500000
1600000
1700000
18.0000
1900000
20.0000
21.0000
22.0000
23.0000
2400000
25.0000
26.0000
27s0000
30.0000
35.0000
40.0000
45.0000
50.0000
55.0000
60.0000
65.0000
70.0000
75.0000
80.0000
85.0000
90.0000
95.0000
Q 10000000
0 105.0000
0 110.0000
0 115.00C0
0 120.0000
0 125.0000
o 130.0000
0 135.0000
0 140.0000
0 145.0000
0 15000000
0 155.0000
O 160.0000
0 165.0000
0 170.0000
18
.7460
.8274
.8527
.0170
.0185
.0203
.1325
1095
1533
2030
-0188
.2546
.3082
,3620
*4200
.4768
5322
*5870
.6414
.6956
.7497
8034
.8572
9109
.9646
.9150
1.0200
1.0750
1.0850
1.0400
9650
3750
.7650
S500
.5150
.3700
.2200
.0700
-.0700
-.220rJ
-*3700
-*5100
--6250
-.7350
-.8400
-.9100
-.9450
-.9450
-.9100
-08300
-.7400
-.6600
-.6750
-.8500
.0760
.1340
-1520
.1710
.1900
.2100
.2310
.2520
-2740
-2970
.3200
.3440
.3690
.3940
4200
4450
.4730
.5700
.74!50
.9200
1.0750
1.2150
1.3450
104700
1.5750
1.6650
1.7350
1.7800
1.8000
108000
1-7800
107500
1.7000
1.5350
1.5550
1.4650
1.3500
102250
1.0850
.9250
.7550
.5750
-4200
.3200
.2300
.1400
Table 2. (cent)
o
1
175.0000
180.0000
360000.0
o
0.0000
0
100000
o
2.0000
0
300000
0
4.0000
o
5.0000
6.0000
0
o
7.0000
0
800000
0
9.0000
o
10.0000
0
11.0000
0
12.0000
o
13.0000
0
1400000
15.0000
0
0
15.0000
o
17.0000
o
18.0000
0
13.0000
0
20.0000
0
21.0000
0
22.000cl
0
231.000~
o
24.0000
0
25.0000
o
26s0000
0
27.0000
0
30.0000
3s00000
0
40.0000
0
o
45.0000
0
50.0000
0
5500000
60m OO!)0
0
0
65e OOO0
70.0000
0
751.0000
0
0
80.0000
85a000i)
0
o
90.0000
0
95.0000
0 100.0000
0 Io:1.000tl
0 llCI*OOOO
o 11500000
0 120.0000
--6900
000000
NACA 0012
0.0000
.1100
.2200
.3300
.4400
.5500
.6600
.7700
.8542
9352
9811
-9132
4832
2759
2893
.3306
,3792
4455
5047
5591
.6120
,6643
7179
.Ills
8246
.8780
.9313
.9846
.9150
1.0200
1.0750
1.0850
l*i1400
.!3650
.8750
.7650
*6500
5150
.3700
.2200
.9700
-.0700
-.a~oo
-.3700
-*51OO
--6250
-.7350
.0550
0250
SECTION
.0079
0080
-0084
.0089
0098
.0113
0125
.0135
.0155
0167
.0184
.0204
0217
.0222
-1060
.1900
21OO
231O
.2520
.2740
.2970
.3200
.3440
3690
.3940
4200
.4460
.4730
.5700
.7450
9200
1.0750
1-2150
103450
1.4700
1.5750
1.6650
1.7350
1-7800
la8000
108000
1.7800
1.7500
1.7000
1*6350
1.5550
1.4650
DATA?
EPPLER
M03EL~
CL?
C!3S
DEC78
19
Table 2. (cent)
125-0000
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
O
0
o
1
o
o
0
0
o
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
o
0
0
0
o
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
20
130.0000
135.0000
140.0000
145.0000
1s000000
155.0000
160*0000
165-0000
17000000
175.0000
18000000
700000.0
43.0000
1.0000
2.0000
3.0000
4.0000
5.0000
6s0000
7.0000
8.0000
9.0000
10.0000
1100000
1200000
13.0000
14.0000
15.0000
16.0000
17.0000
18.0000
1900000
20.0000
2100000
22.0000
23.0000
2400000
25.0000
26.0000
27-0000
30.0000
35.0000
40.0000
45.0000
50.0000
5500000
60-0000
6500000
70.0000
-,8400
-09100
-.9450
-.9450
-.9100
-.8500
-.7400
-.6600
--6750
-08500
--6900
0.0000
$JACA 0012
0.0000
.1100
.2200
.3300
.4400
.5500
6600
.7700
.8800
9598
1.0343
1.0749
1.0390
8737
6284
.4907
-4696
5195
5584
s6032
6474
6949
7446
7948
8462
8984
.9506
100029
.9150
1.0200
1.0750
10085O
1.0400
-9650
.8750
.7650
s6500
-
1.3500
1-2250
1-0850
.9250
.7550
.5750
.4200
3200
.2300
1400
.0550
0250
SECTION
0067
.0068
.0070
0075
.0083
.0097
.0108
.0118
-0128
.0144
.0159
.0175
.0195
.0216
.0236
.1170
.2100
.2300
.2520
2740
.2970
.3200
.3440
s369tl
.3940
-4200
.4460
.4730
.5700
.7450
.9200
1.0750
1.2150
103450
1.4700
1.5750
1*6650
DATAt
EPPLER
1403ELt
C.s
CDS
DEC78
Table 2. (cent)
75.0000
o
/30.0000
0
/35.0000
0
9000000
0
95.0000
0
o 1[10.0000
0 10500000
0 1:1 O*OOOO
0 1:15.0000
() l:~o.000o
0
0
o
0
0
0
0
0
o
o
0
1
1:25s0000
1:30.0000
1:35.0000
1+0.0000
1$500000
1!50-0000
1!55.0000
1150.0000
165.0000
170.0000
175.0000
1/30.0000
100000000
o
0.0000
100000
0
2.0000
o
3.0000
0
4.0000
0
5.0000
0
6-0000
0
7.0000
o
o
8-0000
9.0000
0
0
:1000000
0
.kl.0000
0
:1200000
o
:13*0000
0
:1400000
o
:15.0000
o
:15.0000
0
:17.0000
0
18-0000
o
:19.0000
o
,20.0000
0
!21.0000
o
22.0000
0
23s0000
0
24.0000
0
25.0000
2600000
.0
.5150
.3700
.2200
.0700
-.0700
-.2200
-.3700
-.5100
-.6250
-.7350
-.8400
-.9100
-.9450
-.9450
-.9100
-.8500
-.7400
-s6600
-s6750
--8500
-s6900
000000
YACA 0012
0.0000
.1100
.2200
.3300
.4400
.5500
6600
.7700
8800
.9661
1.0512
1*1097
1.1212
1.0487
8846
7108
.6060
5906
6030
633ft
6716
7162
7613
.8097
8589
.9093
9618
1.7350
1.7800
1.8000
108000
la7800
1.7500
1.7000
1.6350
1.5550
1-4650
1.3500
1s2250
1-0850
-9250
.7550
.5750
.4200
3200
2300
.1400
.0550
.0250
SECTION
.0065
sO066
.0068
.0071
-0078
.0091
O1O1
*O11O
.0119
.0134
.0147
.0162
0183
.0200
.022?
0245
.1280
-2310
s2520
.27+0
.2970
3200
.3440
.3690
.3940
4200
.4460
DATA*
EPPLER
t400Ei_t
C.s
CDS
DZC78
21
Table 2. (cent)
o
0
0
0
o
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
o
0
0
o
0
0
0
0
0
0
O
0
o
1
27-0000
30.0000
35.0000
40.0000
45.0000
50.0000
55.0000
6000000
65.0000
70.0000
7500000
80.0000
85-0000
90.0000
9500000
100.0000
105.0000
110.0000
115.0000
120.0000
125.0000
130.0000
135* OCO0
140.0000
145.0000
150.0000
155.0000
160.0000
165s0000
170.0000
175.0000
18000000
2000000.0
o
0.0000
o
100000
0
2.0000
o
3.0000
4.0000
0
0
5.0000
o
600000
0
7.0000
0
800000
0
9.0000
0
10.OOOQ
0
11.0000
0
1200000
0
13.0000
0
14.0000
0
1500000
0 16s0000
22
1.0144
.9150
100200
1.0750
1.0850
1.0400
.9650
.8750
-7650
.6500
.5150
.3700
.2200
.0700
-.0780
-.2200
-.3700
-.5100
-e 6250
-.7350
--8+00
-.9100
-.9450
-.9450
-.9100
-.8500
-.7400
-06600
-.6750
-.8500
--6900
0.0000
NACA 0012
,0.0000
11OO
.2200
.3300
.4400
.5500
6600
.7700
.8800
.9900
1-0727
1.1539
1.2072
1-2169
1.1614
1-0478
.9221
.4730
.5700
.7450
9200
1.0750
1.2150
1.3450
1.4700
1.5750
1.6650
107330
1.7800
1.8030
1-8000
1-7800
1.7500
1.7000
lm6350
105550
10465O
1.35Llo
1-2250
1-0850
.9250
.7550
.5752
-4200
3200
.2300
*.1400
.0550
0250
SECTION
0064
.0054
.00s6
.0059
90073
.00!31
.0030
.0097
.0105
.0113
.0128
.0140
.0155
.0172
.0191
.0,213
-023?
-.
DATA?
:PPLER
MO)ELS
C-s
CD*
DCC78
Table 2. (cent)
o
0
0
0
o
o
o
o
0
0
o
0
0
0
o
0
0
o
0
0
0
0
0
o
0
0
0
0
o
0
0
0
0
0
o
0
0
o
O
0
0
1
o
0
0
o
0
0
0
1700000
18s0000
19.0000
20.0000
21.0000
22.0000
23-0000
24.0000
25.0000
2s 00000
27.0000
30.0000
35.0000
40.0000
45.0000
5000000
55.0000
60s0000
65. ooao
70.0000
75.0000
800(10L10
8500000
90.0000
95.0000
100.0000
10500000
110.0000
115.0000
120.0000
12500000
130.0000
135.0000
140.0000
145.0000
150.0000
155.0000
160.0000
165-0000
170.0000
175.0000
180.0000
500000090
0.0000
1.0000
2.0000
3.0000
4.0000
500000
5.0000
7826
7163
.7091
m 7269
.7595
,7981
*8423
.8892
.9352
.9842
1.0355
.9150
1.0200
1.0750
lm0850
1.0400
3650
.8750
. 7650
.5500
.5150
.3-/00
.2200
(1700
-.0700
-.2200
-.3700
-*51OO
--6250
-.7350
-.8400
-.9100
-.9450
-.3450
-.3100
-.a500
-.7400
-.6600
-.6750
-.a500
-05900
0.0000
NACA 0012
0.0000
.1100
.2200
.3300
.4400
.5500
6600
-1380
-2520
.2740
2970
3200
*3440
s3690
.3940
.4200
s4460
.4730
.5700
.7450
9200
1.0750
1.2150
1.3*5O
1.4700
1.5750
1.6650
1.7330
1-7800
l.aooo
108000
1-7800
1.7500
107000
lm6359
1.5550
1.4650
1.3500
1.2250
1-0850
9250
.7550
.5750
4200
3200
,2309
.1400
.0550
.0250
-SECTION
.0064
.0054
.00s6
.0068
.0072
.0076
.0081
!3ATAs
:PPLER
M03EL~
C.s
CDS
DEC78
23
Table 2. (cent)
0036
.0092
.0098
.0106
.0118
.0130
.0193
.0159
.0177
0198
.0229
1480
.2740
.2970
-3200
.3440
,3690
.3940
-4200
.4460
.4730
.5700
.7450
-9200
1.0750
1.2150
1.3450
1.4700
1.5750
1.6650
107350
1.7800
1.8000
1.8000
1078OO
1.7500
1.7000
1s6350
1.5530
1.4650
1.3500
1=2250
100850
9250
.7550
.5750,
.420!3
7.0000
8*00110
900000
10* OOOO
1100000
12.0000
13.0000
14.0000
15.0000
1540000
1700000
1800000
19.0000
20.0000
2100000
22.0000
2300000
24.0000
2500000
26-0000
27.0000
30.0000
35.0000
40.0000
45.0000
50.0000
55.0000
60.0000
65.0000
70.0000
75.0000
80.0000
85.0000
90.0000
95.0000
100.0000
105.0000
110.0000
115.0000
120.0000
12500000
130.0000
13500000
140.0000
145.0000
150.0000
155.0000
.7700
.8800
.9900
101000
la 1842
1.2673
1s3242
103423
1.3093
102195
1.0365
.9054
8412
8233
8327
.8563
8903
9295
9718
1.0193
1.0680
.9150
100200
1.0750
1.0850
1.0400
9650
.8750
.7650
.6500
.5150
.3700
.2200
.0700
-.0700
-.2200
-.3700
-*51OO
-=6250
-.7350
-.8400
-09100
-.9450
-.9450
-.9100
--8500
-.7400
160.0000
165s0000
-s6600
-.6750
.3200
-2300
170.0000
-.9500
.1400
o
o
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
o
0
o
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
o
0
0
0
o
0
o
0
0
O
24
Table X (cent)
o 175.0000
1 180s0000
10000000.0
o
0.0000
1.0000
0
o
2.0000
3.0000
0
0
4.0000
5.0000
0
6.0000
0
7.0000
0
8.0000
0
0
9.0000
0
10.0000
0
11.0000
0
12.0000
o
13.0000
o
14.0000
0
15.0000
0
16.0000
0
1700000
0
18s0000
o
19.0000
o
20.0000
0
21.0000
o
2200000
0
23s0000
0
24.0000
0
25-0000
O
2600000
0
27-0000
30.0000
0
0
35,0000
40.0000
0
45.0000
0
o
5000000
0
55.0000
0
60.0000
0
65.0000
0
70.0000
0
75.0000
0
80.0000
0
85.0000
0
90.0000
0
9500000
0 100.0000
0 105.0000
0 110.0000
0 115.0000
0 120.0000
-.6900
0.0000
NACA 0012
0.0000
.1100
.2200
.3300
.4400
.5500
.6600
.7700
.8800
.9900
1*1OOO
102100
102906
1-3687
1*4171
1*4214
102941
1.1200
.9795
8983
.8668
,8665
s 8859
9151
-9492
9927
100371
1-0833
9150
1.0200
100750
1.0850
100400
.9650
.8750
.7650
.6500
.5150
.3700
.2200
.0700
-.0700
-.2200
-.3700
-.5100
--6250
-.7350
.0550
0250
SECTION
.0054
.006+
.0066
.0068
.0071
.0074
.0078
.0082
.0086
.0091
.0097
.0104
0116
O127
.0141
.0157
-0182
.0210
0241
1610
.2970
3200
.3440
.3690
.3940
4200
.4450
.4730
.5700
.7450
.9200
1.075fl
1.2150
1.3450
1.4700
1.5750
1.6650
1.7350
1.7800
1.8000
108000
1-7800
1.7500
1.7000
1-6350
1.5550
10465O
DATAY
EPPLER
MODEL*
C.?
CDS
0EC78
25
Table 2. (cent)
o
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
o
0
2
26
125.0000
130.0000
135.0000
140.0000
145.0000
15000000
155.0000
160s0000
16500000
170.0000
17500000
180.0000
--8400
-.9100
-.9450
-.9450
-.9100
-.8500
-.7400
-.6600
--6750
-08500
--6900
0.0000
1.3500
1.2250
10085O
.9250
.7550
.5750
.4200
.3200
2300
.1400
.0550
.0250
Table 3. Lift and Drag Coefficients for the NACA- 0015 Airfoil (104 s Re s 107
Re
10000.0
CY
o
o
o
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
o
0
0
0
0
0
0
o
o
0
0
(1
0
0
0
o
o
0
0
o
0
0
0
0
0
i
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
o
0
0.0000
1.0000
2.0000
3.0000
4.0000
5.0000
6-0000
7.0000
8.0000
9.0000
;10.0000
:l.ls OOOO
:12.0000
:1300000
:14.0000
11500000
:16.0000
17sOOO0
:LE3.0000
119-0000
2000000
21.0000
22.0000
23.0000
24.0000
2!5.0000
25.0000
27.0000
:30.0000
35.0000
40.oo(lll
45*oooa
50.0000
55.0000
60.0000
~~.000(j
10.0000
75.0000
83.0000
85.0000
90.0000
5)5.0000
lCIO.0000
10500000
11.0.0000
11,5.0000
12!0.0000
!JACA
001!5
Cg
0.0000
.0434
.0715
-0725
.a581
0162
-.0781
-.1517
-*1484
-.1194
-.0791
-.0348
.0138
.0649
1172
.1705
*2242
.2780
3319
3859
4399
.4939
5479
6019
6559
.7099
.7639
.8174
.8550
.9800
1.0350
1.0500
1.0200
.9550
.8750
7600
.6300
5000
.3550
2300
.0900
-.0500
-.1850
-03200
-.4500
-05750
-.6700
SECTION
OATA~
ZPPLER
M03ELs
C.t
CDS
9EC
78
cd
s0360
s0362
.0356
.0373
.0383
.0393
.0400
.0510
0640
.0770
.0910
*107O
-1230
.1400
.1580
.1770
.1960
.2170
.2380
2600
.2820
.3050
3290
.3540
.3790
.4050
4320
4603
.5700
.7450
9200
1.0750
1.2150
103430
1.4700
105750
1-6650
1.7350
1.7800
108000
1.8000
1,7800
1.7500
1.7000
l-635fJ
1.5550
1.4650
27
Table 3. (cent)
@_
o
o
0
0
0
o
0
o
o
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
o
0
0
0
o
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
o
0
0
0
0
0
o
0
0
o
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
28
12500000
130.0000
13500000
140.0000
14500000
150.0000
155.0000
160=0000
165.0000
170.0000
175.0000
180-0000
20000.0
0.0000
1.0000
2.0000
3.0000
4.0000
5.0000
5.0000
7.0000
8.0000
9.0000
10.0000
11.0000
12.0000
1300000
14.0000
1500000
1500000
17.0000
1800000
1900000
20.0000
21.0000
22.0000
23-0000
24.0000
25s0000
26s0000
27-0000
30.0000
35.0000
40.0000
45.0000
50.0000
55.0000
60.0000
65.0000
70.0000
-.7600
-.8500
-.9300
-.9800
-.9000
-.7700
--6700
-.6350
--6800
-.8500
-.6600
0.0000
NACA 0015
0.0000
s0891
.1740
.2452
.3041
.3359
.3001
.0570
-.1104
-.1050
-,0728
-.0300
.0173
0678
1193
.1721
2256
2792
.3331
.3869
.4409
.4949
.5489
,6029
.6569
.7109
7643
.8191
.9550
.9800
1.0350
1.0500
1.0200
.9550
.8750
.7600
.6300
1.3500
1*225!I
1.0850
.9250
.7550
.57?50
-4200
3200
2300
.1400
.0550
0250
SECTION
.0265
.0267
.0271
.0279
.0290
.0303
O41O
.0510
.0640
.0770
O91O
.1070
.1230
.1400
.1580
.1770
-1960
-2170
2380
-2600
.2820
.3050
.3230
.3540
.3730
.4050
-4320
s4600
.5700
.7450
.9200
1.0750
1.2150
1.3450
1.4700
1.5750
1.6650
DATAs
EPPLER
M03ELs
CL?
C2S
DEC
78
Table :3. (cent)
o
0
0
0
0
o
0
0
o
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
O
o
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
o
0
0
o
0
0
o
0
0
o
0
0
0
o
0
o
o
0
0
0
0
0
75.0000
80-0000
85s0000
90.0000
95.0000
100.0000
10500000
110.0000
115.0000
120.0000
125=0000
130.0000
135.0000
140.0000
145.0000
150.0000
15500000
160.0000
16500000
173.0000
17500000
1810*0000
40000.0
0.0000
,100000
:2.0000
3.0000
400000
:500000
600000
7.0000
[3.0000
3.0000
10*OOOO
l:L.0000
12.0000
1.3*0000
14.0000
1!5.0000
1$.0000
17.0000
11300000
1!1.0000
2000000
2:100000
22.0000
2;300000
2400000
25.0000
26.0000
S5000
3650
2300
.0900
-.0500
-.1850
--3200
-.4500
-.5750
--6700
-=7600
-m8500
-09300
-.9800
-.9000
-.7700
-e6700
--6350
-.6800
--8500
-.6600
0.0000
NACA 0015
0.0000
1054
.2099
.3078
.4017
.4871
.5551
.5730
4663
.0433
-.0413
-.0144
.0261
.0741
1244
.1756
.2280
.2815
.3351
3889
4427
4966
.5506
.6045
e6585
-7125
7666
1.7350
1.7800
108000
1.8000
le7800
1.7500
107000
le6350
105550
1-4650
1.3500
1.2250
10085O
.9250
.7550
.5750
.4200
3200
2300
.1400
.0550
.0250
SECTION
.0196
.0198
.0202
.0209
0219
-0232
-0249
0267
-0520
.0770
O91O
.1070
-1230
.1400
.1580
.1770
.1960
2170
-2380
2600
2820
.3050
-3290
.3540
.3790
.4050
.4320
DATAs
EPPLER
M03ELs
C-s
C2s
DEc
78
29
Table 3. (cent)
o
0
0
0
o
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
o
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
o
0
o
0
o
o
0
o
0
1
27s0000
30.0000
35.0000
40.0000
45.0000
50.0000
55.0000
So.000o
65.0000
70.0000
75.0000
80.0000
85-0000
90.0000
95.0000
100.0000
105.0000
110.0000
115.0000
120.0000
125.0000
130.0000
135.0000
140.0000
145.0000
150.0000
155.0000
160.0000
16500000
170.0000
175.0000
180eOOOG
8000000
0
0.0000
0
100000
0.
2.0000
3.0000
0
4.0000
o
5.0000
0
o
5.0000
7.0000
0
0
800000
9.0000
o
o
10.0000
11.0000
0
o
12.0000
o
13.0000
o
14.0000
o
15.0000
0
16-0000
30
8222
8550
.9800
1.0350
1.0500
1.0200
.9550
s8750
7600
.6300
5000
.3550
2300
.0900
-.0500
--1850
-.3200
-.4500
-.5750
-06700
-.7600
-.9500
-.9300
--3800
-.9000
-.7700
-.6700
-.6350
-.6800
-=8500
-.6600
0.0000
NACA 0015
0.0000
.11?)0
.2200
.3300
4186
.5180
.5043
.6760
07189
,6969
5122
1642
.0749
.0967
.1382
1861
2364
-4600
.5700
.7450
9200
1.0750
1.2150
103450
1.4700
1.5750
10665O
1.7350
lm7800
1.8000
1-8000
1-7800
1.7500
1.7000
10635O
1.5550
1.4650
1.3500
1s2250
1.0850
9250
.7550
.575?
4200
-3200
2300
.1400
.0550
.0250
SECTION
.0147
.0148
.0151
0156
.0168
.0181
.0197
.0214
s0234
s0255
-0277
s0760
1230
.1*OJ
.158!3
.1770
.1960
DATA?
EPPLER
M03ELs
C-s
CD?
DEC
78
Table 3. (cent)
o
0
0
0
0
il
0
0
0
0
(1
o
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
c1
0
o
0
0
0
0
0
o
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
o
0
0
17.0000
1!3.0000
19.0000
20.0000
211.0000
z;~.000o
2.300000
24.0000
2!5-0000
2600000
27.0000
30.0000
35. t1000
4(1.0000
4?5.0000
50.0000
55.0000
60s0000
65.0000
70.0000
75 QOO00
8[)00000
85.0000
9(1.0000
95.0000
100.OOOO
105.0000
11000000
115.0000
120.0000
125.0000
13(1.0000
13:1.0000
140.0000
145.0000
15CI.0000
155.0000
16(1.0000
155.0000
170*OOC0
175.0000
18CI.0000
lf50000.tl
0.0000
1,00000
:!00000
300000
4.000J
590090
5.0000
2873
3393
3927
.4463
.5001
5539
s6078
06617
7156
.7700
8277
8550
.9800
1.0350
100500
1*0200
.9550
8750
.7600
.6300
5000
.3650
2300
.0900
-.0500
--1850
--3200
-.4500
-05750
-.6700
-.7600
-.8500
-.3300
-.3800
-.9000
-.7700
-.5700
-.6350
-.6800
-.3500
-.6600
0.0000
VACA 0015
0.0000
11OO
.2200
.3300
.4400
.5500
.5299
2.170
=238!I
2600
.2820
.3050
,3290
.3540
.3790
.4050
.4320
s4600
.5700
.7450
.9200
100750
10215O
1.3450
1.4700
1.5750
1.6650
1.7350
la7800
1.8000
1-8000
1-7800
1.7500
1.7000
1s6350
105550
1.4650
1.3500
1-2250
1-0856
.9250
.7550
.5750
.4200
.3200
.2300
.1400
.0550
.0250
SECTION
.0113
.0117
.0120
ol~4
f3ATAv
EPPLER
M03E,L?
C.?
CDS
DEC
78
.0132
-0142
.0150
31
Table 3. (cent)
o
0
0
0
o
o
0
0
0
0
0
O
o
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
o
o
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
o
o
0
0
0
0
o
32
7.0000
8-0000
9.0000
10.0000
11.0000
12.0000
1300000
14.0000
15.0000
1s.0000
1700000
18.0000
1900000
20.0000
21.0000
22.0000
23s0000
24-0000
25-0000
26-0000
27s0000
30.0000
35.0000
4000000
45.0000
50.0000
55.0000
60.0000
65-0000
70.0000
75.0000
80.0000
85.0000
90.0000
95.0000
100.0000
105.0000
11000000
115.0000
120.0000
125.0000
13000000
135.0000
14000000
14500000
15000000
155.0000
160.0000
155.0000
170.0000
.7150
7851
8311
8322
7623
.5936
3548
2371
2376
2665
3098
3567
.4066
.4575
.5087
5611
6148
6685
1224
e 7771
8382
.8550
.9800
1.0350
1.0500
190200
9550
.8750
.7600
s6300
.5000
s3650
.2300
.0900
-.0500
-.1850
-s3200
-.4500
-.5750
-.6700
-.7600
--8500
-.9300
-.9800
-.9000
-.7700
--6700
-.6350
-.6800
-.8500
:0176
.0193
.0212
0233
0256
.0281
0302
.1040
.1770
.1970
*2170
2380
.2600
.2820
.3050
.3290
.3540
.3790
.4050
4320
4600
.5700
.7450
.9200
1.0750
1.2150
1.3450
1.4700
1.5750
10665O
1.7350
1.7800
1.8000
1-8000
1.7800
1.7500
1.7000
1,6350
1.5550
1.4650
1.3509
1.2250
1=0850
9250
.7550
.5750
.4200
.3200
2300
.1400
Table :3. (cent)
o
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
o
0
0
o
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
o
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
175.0000
180.0000
360000.0
0.0000
100000
2.0000
3.0000
4.0000
5.0000
6.0000
7.0000
8.0000
9.0000
10.0000
11.0000
12.0000
13.0000
14.0000
1500000
16.0000
17.0000
19.0000
19.0000
20.0000
21.0000
2<2.0000
23.0000
24.0000
2!500000
26.0000
27.0000
3i0.0000
3!5.0000
411.0000
4!5.0000
50.0000
5!5.0000
611.0000
6!5.0000
70.0000
7!5.0000
8[1.0000
8!5.0000
90.0000
9!500000
10000000
10!5.0000
110.0000
115.0000
12000000
-.6!500
0.0000
NACA 0015
0.0000
.1100
.2200
.3300
.+400
.5500
.6600
97390
.8240
.8946
.9440
9572
.9285
.8562
.7483
.6350
.5384
4851
.4782
m4908
.5247
5616
.6045
.6528
.7015
.7511
.8055
.8788
.8550
.9800
1.0350
1.0500
1.0200
.9550
8750
.7600
.5300
.5000
.3650
.2300
.0900
-.0500
.1850
-.3200
-.+500
-.5750
-*670il
.0550
.0250
SECTION
.0091
.0092
.0094
.0098
.0105
.0114
.0126
.0143
.0157
.0173
.0131
0211
-0233
-0257
0283
-0312
.1240
.2170
.2380
.2600
.2820
.3050
.3290
.3540
.3790
.4050
.4320
.4600
.5700
.7450
9200
1.0750
1.2150
1.3450
1.4700
1.5750
196650
1.7350
1078OO
1.8000
108000
1.7800
1.7500
1.7000
1.6350
1.5550
10465O
DATAY
EPPLER
FIO)ELS
C.Q
CJ~
3EC
78
33
Table 3. (cent)
O
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
o
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
o
o
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
o
0
0
0
0
0
0
-ii
0
34
125.0000
130.0000
135.0000
14000000
145.0000
150.0000
155.0000
160.0000
165.0000
170.0000
175.0000
180.0000
700000.0
0.0000
l*OOO!I
2.0000
3.0000
4.0000
5.0000
6.0000
7.0000
8.0000
900000
10.0000
11.0000
12.0000
1300000
1+00000
1500000
16.ooclo
17.0000
18.0000
13*OOOU
20.0090
21.0008
22.0000
23.0000
24.0000
25.0000
2590000
27.0000
30*OOOC
3500000
40.0000
45.0000
50.0000
55.0000
60.0000
65.0000
70.0000
-.7600
-.8500
-.9300
-.9800
-.9000
-.7700
-.6700
-.6350
-.6800
-.8500
-.6600
0.0000
NACA 0015
0.0000
.1100
.2200
.3300
.4400
.5500
.6600
.7483
.a442
.9260
.9937
100363
100508
1.0302
.9801
.9119
.8401
7799
.7305
.7041
.6990
.7097
.7298
.7593
.7361
8353
.8838
9473
.!3550
.9800
1.0350
1.0500
1.0200
.9550
.875~
.7600
.6300
103500
1.2250
1.0850
.9250
.7550
.5750
.4200
.3200
.2300
.1400
.0550
.0250
SECTION
.0077
.0078
.0080
.0083
.008!3
.0098
.0108
.0122
.0135
.0149
.0164
.0182
.0200
.0221
0244
.02%39
.0297
.1340
.2380
.2600
.2820
.3050
.3290
.3540
.3790
.4050
.4320
.+600
.5700
.7450
.9200
1.0750
1.2150
1.3450
1.470G
1.5750
106650
DATAs
EPPLE3
MODELS
CLt
CDS
DEC
78
75.0000
804,0000
85,0000
90.0000
95!.0000
100(,0000
105,0000
1104BOOOO
115,0000
120!,0000
125(,0000
130.0000
135!,0000
140? OOO0
145(00000
150!moooo
155!00000
160,.0000
165mOOO0
170*0000
1751.0000
1 180+.0000
1000(IOO*O
0
04,0000
0
1<,0000
0
24,0000
0
34,0000
4,,0000
0
0
5{,0000
6,,0000
o
7,,0000
0
0
8(,0000
0
94,0000
0
10,)0009
0
114)0000
0
12(.0000
0
13!,0000
3
144)0000
o
154)0000
0
164,0000
17{,0000
0
o
18<)0000
0
194)0000
0
20<00000
0
2100000
0
22(00000
0
23{)0000
0
24400000
0
251,00d0
0
254)0000
o
0
0
o
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.5000
.3%50
.2300
.0900
-.0500
-.1850
-.3200
-.4500
-.5750
-.6700
-.7600
-08500
-.9300
-.9800
-09000
-.7700
-.6700
-.6350
-.6800
-.8500
-.6600
0.0000
VACA 0015
000000
.lldo
*2200
.3300
.4400
.5500
.6600
.7700
.8504
.9387
1.0141
1.0685
1.0971
1.0957
1.0656
1.0145
3567
.8996
=8566
.8226
.3089
s8063
.8189
.8408
.8668
.9023
.9406
1.7350
1.7800
le8000
1.8000
1.7800
1.7500
1.7000
1.6350
1.5550
1.4650
1.3500
1.2250
1.0850
.9250
.7550
.5750
.4200
.3200
.2300
.1400
.0550
.0250
SECTION
.0074
.0075
.0076
.0079
.0083
.oo~l
DATAs
:PPLER
M03ELs
C.z
CDS
JEC
78
.0101
.0111
.0126
.0138
.0152
.0168
.0196
.020<;
0225
.0243
.0275
.0303
.1450
.2600
.2820
.3050
.3290
.3540
.3790
.4050
.4320
35
Table 3. (cent)
0
0
0
0
o
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
O
0
0
0
..
27.0000
30.0000
35.0000
40.0000
45.0000
5000000
55.0000
6000000
65.0000
70.0000
75.0000
80.0000
85.0000
9000000
95.0000
100.0000
105* OOOO
11000000
115.0000
120.0000
125.0000
130.0000
135.0000
140.0000
145.0000
150.0000
155.0000
160s0000
16500000
170.0000
175.0000
1 180.0000
2000000.0
0
0.0000
0
100000
0
2.0000
0
3.0000
4.0000
0
0
5.0000
o
500000
0
7.0000
0,
8.0000
0
9.0000
0
10.0000
0
1100000
o
12.0000
0
1300000
0
19.0000
0
1500000
0
16.0000
36
.9912
.8550
.9800
1.0350
1.0500
100200
.9550
.8750
.7600
.6300
.5000
.3650
.2300
0900
-.0500
-.1850
-.3200
-.4500
-.5750
-.6700
-.7600
-08500
-.9300
-.9800
-.9000
-.7700
-.6700
-e6350
-.6800
.8500
-.6600
0.0000
NACA 0015
0.0000
.1100
.2200
.3300
.4400
.5500
.6600
.7700
.8800
.9574
1.0433
1.1138
101667
101948
1*1962
1*1744
1.1356
.4600
.5700
.7450
9200
1.0750
1.2150
1.3450
1.4700
1.5750
10665O
1.7350
1.7800
108000
1.8000
1.7800
1.7500
1.7000
1.6350
1.5550
1.4650
1.3500
1.2250
1.0850
.9250
.7550
.5750
4200
.3200
.2300
.1400
0550
.0250
SECTION
.0070
.0071
.0072
.0075
.0078
.0083
.0090
.0098
.0108
.0121
.0133
0146
.0161
.0177
.0195
.0215
.0237
!3ATAz
SPPLER
MODEL?
C.s
CDt
12EC
78
Table 3. (cent)
o
0
Q
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
o
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1,7.0000
1.8.0000
19.0000
:!000000
:!100000
2!2.0000
2!3.0000
2!4. 0000
2!500000
2!6.0000
2!7.0000
21000000
35.0000
40.0000
45.0000
50.0000
55.0000
60.0000
65.0000
70.0000
75.0000
80.0000
85.0000
90.0000
95.0000
100.0000
105.0000
110.0000
115.0000
120.0000
125.0000
130.0000
135.0000
140.0000
145.0000
150.0000
155.0000
160.0000
165.0000
170.0000
175.0000
18000000
5000000.0
o
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.0000
100000
200000
300000
9.0000
500000
5.0000
100921
1* O51O
1.0173
.9954
.9837
99827
991O
1.0078
1.0317
1.0591
1.0810
.8550
.9800
100350
1.0500
100200
.9550
.8750
.7600
.6300
.5000
3650
.2300
.0900
-.0500
-.1850
-.3200
-.4500
-.5750
-.6700
-s7600
-.8500
-.3300
-.9800
-.9000
-.7700
-.6700
-.6350
-.6800
-08500
-*15600
0.0000
tIJA3A 0015
0.0000
.1100
.2200
.3300
.4400
.5500
.6!500
.0261
.0288
.1550
.2820
.3050
.3290
.3540
.3790
.4050
,4320
.4600
.5700
.7450
.9200
1.0750
1.2150
1.3450
1.4700
1.5750
10665O
1.7350
1.7800
1.8000
1.8000
1.7800
1.7500
1.7000
1.6350
1.5550
1.4650
103500
1.2250
10085O
.92!5fl
.7550
.5750
.4200
.3200
.2300
.1400
.0550
0250
SECTION
.0058
90069
.0070
.0073
.0075
.0080
-0084
DATA>
:PPLER
M03ELs
CLF
CD*
2EC
?8
37
Table 3. (cent)
o
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
o
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
o
0
0
0
o
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
7.0000
8.0000
900000
10* OOOO
11.0000
12.0000
1300000
1300000
14.0000
15.0000
16.0000
17.0000
18.0000
19.0000
20.0000
21.0000
22.0000
23.0000
2400000
25.0000
26.0000
27s0000
30.0000
35.0000
40.0000
45.0000
50.0000
55*ooclo
60.0000
65.0000
70.0000
7500000
80.0000
8500000
90.0000
9590000
100.0000
105.0000
110.0000
115.0000
120.0000
.7700
.8800
.9900
100685
1.1553
1.2290
102847
102847
1.3187
1.3298
1s3186
1.2917
102576
1.2242
1*1965
1.1771
1.1647
1.1611
1.1563
1.1322
le1268
1.1397
.8550
.3800
1.0350
1.0500
1.0200
.9550
.8750
.7600
.6300
.5000
.3650
.2300
.0900
-.0500
-.1850
-s3200
-.4500
-95750
-.6700
.0089
.0095
.0102
.0113
.0124
.0136
.0149
.0149
.0164
.0180
.0198
.0218
.0240
.0255
.1660
3050
.3290
.3540
.3790
4050
.4320
.4600
.5700
.7450
.9200
100750
1.2150
103450
1.4700
105750
1.6650
1.7350
1.7800
1.8000
1.8000
1.7800
1.7500
1.7000
1.6350
1.5550
10465O
0
0
125s0000
130.0000
-.7600
-.8500
1.3500
1.225(I
o
0
0
0
0
0
0
13500000
140.0000
145.0000
150.0000
155.0000
160.0000
165.0000
-.9300
-.9800
-09000
-.7700
-.6700
-.6350
-.6800
1.0850
9250
.7550
.5750
.4200
.3200
.2300
38
Table 3. (cent)
o 170.0000
o 175.0000
1 180.0000
~ooooo.
0
000000
0
100000
0
2.0000
0
3.0000
4.0000
0
5.0000
o
0
6.0000
7.0000
0
0
8.0000
9.0000
0
0
10.0000
11.0000
o
0
12.0000
~
13.0000
0
14.0000
0
15.0000
0
16.0000
0
17.0000
0
18.0000
0
19.0000
0
20.0000
~
21.0000
0
22.0000
0
23.0000
0
24.0000
0
25,0000
0
25.0000
0
27.0000
0
30.0000
0
35.0000
0
40.0000
0
45.0000
50.0000
0
0
55.0000
0
50.0000
65.0000
0
0
70.0000
75.0090
0
0
80.0000
o
65.0000
90.0000
0
0
95.0000
0 loo.000a
0 105.0000
0 110.0003
0 115.0000
-03500
-.6600
0.0000
NACA 0015
000000
11OO
.2200
.3300
.4400
5500
.6600
.7700
.8300
.9900
101000
1*1749
1*2591
1.3300
1.3825
1.4136
1.4233
1.4136
1.3897
1.3608
1.3325
1.3077
1.2767
1*1981
1.1538
1.1380
1*1374
1.1519
.8550
.9800
1.0350
1.0500
1.0200
.3550
.8750
.7600
.6300
95000
.3550
.2300
.0900
-.0300
-.lr350
-.3200
-.4500
-.5750
1400
.0550
.0250
SECTION
.0068
.0068
.0069
.0071
0074
.0077
.0081
.0086
.0090
.0096
O1O3
.0114
.0123
.0134
90147
.0161
.0176
.0194
.0213
.0234
.0257
.1770
.3290
.3540
.3790
.4050
.4320
.4600
.5700
.7450
.9200
1.0750
1.2150
1.3450
1.4700
1.5750
1.6650
1.7350
1.7800
1.8000
108000
1.7800
1.7500
1.7000
1.6350
1.5550
OATA~
EPPLEil
M03ELs
CL?
CO*
DEC
78
39
Table 3. (cent)
o
120.0000
0 125.0000
0 130.0000
0
0
0
0
0
.0
.0
0
0
2
135.0000
140.0000
14500000
150.0000
155.0000
160.0000
165.0000
170.0000
175.0000
180.0000
-.6700
1.4650
-07600
-.8500
103500
1.2250
-.9300
-.9800
-.9000
-* 7700
-.6700
-.6350
-.6800
-.8500
-.6600
0.0000
1.0850
.9250
.7550
.5750
.4200
.3200
.2300
.1400
.0550
.0250
40
Table 4. Lift and Drag Coefficients for the NACA-.0018 Airfoil (104 s Re s 5 x 106)
Re
~
10000.0
CY
o
a1.000o
0
100000
0
2!00000
0
2)00000
0
400000
o
5.0000
0
6100000
0
1.0000
0
8.0000
5).0000
0
0
la.000o
0
11.0000
0
12.0000
0
14.0000
0
16.0000
o
181.0000
0
20.0000
0
22.0000
0
25100000
0
30.0000
0
35.0000
0
40.0000
o
45.0000
0
50.0000
0
55.0000
0
60.0000
0
65.0000
0
7000000
0
75.0000
0
80.0000
0
85.0000
0
9000000
0
95.0000
0 100.0000
0 105* OOOO
0 110.0000
0 115.0000
0 120.0000
0 125.0000
0 130.0000
0 135.0000
0 140.0000
0 145.0000
0 150.0000
0 155.0000
NACA
0018
CR
000000
-.0045
-.0154
-.0233
.0368
-.0577
-.0839
-.1182
-01501
-.1584
-.1423
-.1125
-.0767
.0085
.1051
.2070
3111
4172
5775
.8550
.9800
1.0350
1.0500
1.0200
9550
.8750
.7600
.6300
.5000
.3650
.2300
.0300
-.0500
-.1850
-.3200
-.4500
-.5750
-.6700
-.7600
-.8500
-.9300
-.9800
-.9000
.7700
-.6700
SECTION
DATAs
EPPLER
M03ELs
CLS
CD?
JAN
79
cd
.03.85
.0387
.0391
.0399
0410
.0425
.0443
.0463
.0489
.0525
.0574
.0800
.1230
.1580
s1960
.2380
.2820
.3290
.4050
.5700
.7450
9200
1.0750
1.2150
1.3450
104700
1.5750
1.6650
1.7350
1.7800
1.8000
1.8000
1.7800
1.7500
1.7000
1.6350
1.5550
1.4650
1.3500
1.2250
1.0850
.9250
.7550
.5750
.4200
41
Table 4. (cent)
O 160.0000
O 165-0000
0 17000000
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
o
0
0
o
0
0
0
0
0
0
42
175.0000
180.0000
20000.0
0.0000
1.0000
2.0000
3.0000
4.0000
5.0000
6.0000
7.0000
8.0000
9.0000
10.0000
1200000
14.0000
16.0000
18.0000
2000000
22.0000
2500000
30.0000
35.0000
40.0000
45.0000
50.0000
55.0000
60s0000
65.0000
70.0000
75*0000
80.0000
85.0000
90.0000
95.0000
100.0000
105.0000
110.0000
115.0000
120.0000
125.0000
130.0000
13500000
140.0000
145.0000
150.0000
155.0000
-.6350
-.6800
-.8500
-.6600
0.0000
NACA 0018
0.0000
.0607
.1135
.1550
.1788
.1788
.1582
.1161
.0214
-.0682
-.1003
-.0602
.0172
.1114
.2120
.3151
.4198
.5798
.8550
.9800
100350
1.0500
1.0200
.9550
.8750
.7600
.6300
.5000
.3650
.2300
.0900
-.0500
-.1850
-.3200
-.4500
-.5750
-.6700
-.7600
-.8500
-.9300
-.3800
-.9000
-.7700
-.6700
3200
.2300
.1400
.0550
.0250
SECTION
.0286
.0288
.0292
.0299
.0310
.0323
.0339
.0358
.0376
.0395
.0630
.1230
.1580
.1960
.2380
.2820
.3290
.4050
.5700
.7450
.9200
1.0750
1.2150
103450
1.4700
1.5750
1.6650
107350
1.7800
1.8000
1.8000
1.7800
107500
1.7000
1.6350
1.5550
1.465C
1.3500
1.2250
1.0850
.9250
.7550
.5750
.4200
DATA*
EPPLER
fI103ELs
CLt
CDS
JAN
79
Table 4. (cent)
O
o
o
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
o
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
o
0
0
0
o
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1.60-0000
1.65.0000
1.70.0000
1.75.0000
1.8000000
4000000
000000
1.0000
2.0000
3.0000
4.0000
5.0000
500000
7.0000
~.000o
9.0000
10.0000
12.0000
1400000
15.0000
18.0000
20.0000
22.0000
25-0000
30.0000
35.0000
40.0000
45.0000
50.0000
55.0000
60.0000
65s0000
7000000
7500000
8000000
85-0000
90.0000
9500000
1,00.0000
1105.0000
I1O*OOOO
311500000
120.0000
125*0000
1.30.0000
113500000
1!4000000
1145.0000
1.50.0000
]L55.0000
-.6350
--6800
-08500
-.6600
0.0000
NACA 0018
0.0000
0936
.1833
2688
.3495
.4117
.4573
.4758
.4428
3544
.~lo8
.0139
.0489
.1287
2228
.3236
.4265
.5840
.8550
s9800
1.0350
1.0500
100200
.9550
.8750
7600
.6300
.5000
3650
2300
.0900
-.0500
-.1850
-s3200
-.ft?50?J
-.5750
-s6700
-.7600
--8500
-09300
-.9800
-.9000
-.7700
-.6700
3200
2300
91400
.0550
.0250
SECTION
-0214
.0215
.0219
,0225
.0235
0247
.0263
.0282
.0303
.0327
.0620
.1230
.1580
.1950
.2380
.2820
.3290
.4050
.5700
.7450
.9200
1.0750
10215O
1.3450
1.4700
1.5750
1.6650
1*7350
1078OO
108000
1.8000
le7800
1.7500
107000
1.6350
1.5550
144650
103500
10225O
1-0850
.9250
.7550
.5750
.4200
DATAs
EPPLER
M02ELs
C*S
C2a
JAN
79
43
Table 4. (cent)
O
O
o
0
1
0
0.
o
o
o
0
0
0
0
o
o
0
0
o
0
0
o
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
o
0
44
16000000
165.0000
170.0000
175.0000
180-0000
80000-0
0.0000
1.0000
2.0000
3.0000
4.0000
5.0000
600000
7.0000
8=0000
9.0000
10.0000
11.0000
12.0000
14.0000
16.0000
18.0000
20.0000
22.0000
25.0000
30.0000
35.0000
40.0000
45.0000
50.0000
55.0000
60.0000
65s0000
70.0000
75.0000
8000000
85.0000
90.0000
95.0000
100.0000
105.0000
11O*OOOO
11500000
120.0000
12500000
13000000
13500000
140.0000
145.0000
150.0000
--
-*6350
-.6800
-.8500
-.6600
0.0000
NACA 0018
0.0000
0889
1935
2924
.3880
.4753
.5615
6224
6589
.6606
6248
.5531
,4408
2256
.2027
s2603
3472
.4430
5963
.8550
9800
1.0350
1.0500
1.0200
* 3550
8750
7600
.5300
.5000
.3650
.2300
.0300
-.0500
-.1850
.3200
-.4500
-.5750
--6700
-.7600
-.8500
.9300
-.3800
-.9000
-.7700
3200
2300
.1400
.0550
0250
SECTION
s0162
0163
0167
s0172
90181
-0192
.0206
.0223
=0242
0264
.0288
.0315
0800
.1580
.1960
2380
.2820
.3290
.4050
.5700
.7450
.9200
1.0750
1.2150
1.3450
1.4700
1.5750
1.6650
1.7350
1.7800
1.8000
1-8000
1.7800
1.7500
1.7000
1-6350
1.5550
1.4650
1.3500
1.2250
190850
9250
.7550
.5750
OATA?
EPPLER
tlO)ELt
C-s
CD?
JAN
79
Table 41.(cent)
O
O
O
o
0
1
155.0000
16(1.0000
165.0000
17000000
175.0000
18(1s0000
16(100000
000000
1..0000
200000
3.0000
4}.0000
500000
6.0000
7.0000
800000
!100000
lC).0000
11.0000
1:!00000
13.0000
14}.0000
151.0000
18.0000
20.0000
2:!00000
25.0000
30.0000
35.0000
4t11.000o
45.0000
50.0000
55.0000
601eOOO0
65.0000
70.0000
0
0
o
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
o
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.0
75.0000
0
801sOOO0
0
85.0000
0
9CI*OOO0
0
95.0000
0 10(I.OOOO
0 10500000
0 11OI.OOOO
0 1151.0000
0 120.0000
0 12500000
0 130.0000
0 13500000
o
-.- 140.0000
-s6700
--6350
-.6800
-.8500
--6600
0.0000
NACA 0018
000000
.1100
.2200
.3088
4114
.5068
.5960
6724
.7373
7781
7949
*7852
7488
6923
6237
4896
.+202
4382
.5026
6321
8550
.9800
100350
100500
1.0200
.9550
.8750
.7600
.6300
.5000
3650
.2300
.0900
-.0500
-.1850
-.3200
-.4500
-.5750
-.5700
-.7600
--8500
-.9300
-.9800
4200
3200
2300
.1400
.0550
.0250
SECTION
.0128
0129
.0131
.0137
.0144
0153
.0166
-0181
.0198
.0217
.0238
.0262
-0288
.0770
.1580
1960
-2380
-2820
.3290
.4050
.5700
.7450
.9200
1.0750
1.2150
1.3450
1.4700
1.5750
10665O
1.7350
1-7800
1-8000
108000
1078OO
1.7500
1.7000
1.6350
1.5550
1-4650
193500
1.2250
1oO85O
.9250
DATAs
iPPLER
MODELS
C.S
Ci)3
JAN
79
45
Table 4. (cent)
-o
o
0
O
0
o
0
1
14500000
150.0000
155.0000
160s0000
165-0000
170.0000
175.0000
180.0000
360000.0
0
0.0000
1.0000
o
2.0000
0
3.0000
o
0
4.0000
0
5.0000
6-0000
0
7.0000
o
0
8.0000
0
9.0000
o
1000000
11.0000
0
0
12.0000
0
13.0000
o
14.0000
0
16.0000
O
18.0000
0
20.0000
o
2200000
0
25.0000
30.0000
0
35.0000
0
40.0000
0
45.0000
o
0
50.0000
55.0000
0
60.0000
0
65.0000
0
70.0009
.0
75.0000
0
0
80-0000
0
85-0000
0
9000000
95.0000
0
0 100.0000
-.9000
-.7700
--6700
-.6350
-.6800
-s8!500
-.6600
0.0000
NACA 0018
0.0000
11OO
.2200
.3300
.4400
.5240
6228
.7100
-7879
8526
.8983
.9249
.9279
.9104
.8/303
.8007
.7319
86937
.7050
.7724
.8550
9800
1.0350
1.0500
1.0200
.9550
.8750
.7600
.5300
.5000
.3650
.2300
.0900
-.0500
7550
.5750
s4200
.3200
2300
.1400
.0550
-0250
SECTION
O1O1
DATA~
EPPLER
t40Z)ELs
C-?
CD*
JAN
79
.0102
O1O4
.0107
.0112
.0121
0132
.0145
.0159
0176
.0194
.0213
-0235
0259
.0940
s1960
.2380
s2820
-3290
.4050
.5700
.7450
9200
1.0750
1.2150
1.3450
1.4700
1.5750
1.6650
1.7350
1-7800
1.8000
108000
1.7800
105.0000
-.1850
-.3200
1.7500
1.7000
0
0
0
c1
0
110.0000
115.0000
120.0000
125.0000
130.0000
-.4500
-.5750
-.6700
-.7600
-.8500
1.6350
1.5550
10465O
1.3500
10225O
46
Table 4. (cent)
0
0
0
0
0
O
0
o
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
a
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
13500000
140.0000
1451.0000
150.0000
15500000
16000000
1651.0000
170.0000
17500000
18al*oooo
7oalooo00
0.0000
100000
2!*OOO0
3.0000
4.0000
5.0000
6190CJO0
7.0000
8.0000
900000
la.000o
11.0000
12.0000
13.0000
14.0000
15.0000
15.0000
la.000o
20.0000
22!.0000
25.0000
3a1.000o
351.0000
40.0002
45.0000
501.0000
551.0000
60.0000
65.0000
7000000
75.0000
8aOooou
85.0000
90.0000
95.0000
102.0000
10500000
11O.OOOO
115.0000
-.9300
-.3800
-.9000
-.7700
-e6700
-.6350
-.6800
-,8500
-.6600
0.0000
NACA 0018
0.0000
.1100
.2200
.3300
.4400
.5500
.6328
.7291
.8156
.8904
.9541
.9973
1.0245
1.0289
1.0175
.9938
.9648
.9150
.8877
8867
.3326
.8550
.9800
1.0350
1.0500
100200
.3550
.8750
.7600
.5300
5000
.3650
2300
.9900
-.0500
-.1850
-.3200
-.4500
-.5750
10085O
.9250
.7550
.5759
4200
.3200
.23?30
.1400
.0550
.0250
SECTION
.0085
.0087
.0088
.0091
.0096
.0102
.0112
.0123
.0136
.0150
.0166
.0183
.0202
.0223
.0245
.1020
.1960
.2380
.2820
.3290
.4050
.5700
.7450
.9200
100750
1.2150
103450
1.4700
1.5750
1.6650
1.7350
1.7800
108000
1.8000
1.7800
1.75,00
1.7000
1.6350
1.5550
DATA,
EPPLER
f109ELs
C.?
CDS
JAN
79
47
Table 4. (cOnt)
O
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
o
0
1
0
0
o
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
o
0
o
o
0
0
o
0
0
0
0
0
o
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
o
0
0
0
12000000
12500000
130.0000
135.0000
140.0000
14500000
15000000
155.0000
160s0000
16500000
170.0000
175.0000
18000000
100000000
0.0000
1.0000
2.0000
3.0000
4.0000
5.0000
6.0000
7.0000
8.0000
9.0000
1000000
11.0000
1200000
13.0000
14.0000
15.0000
1600000
1800000
20.0000
22.0000
25s0000
30.0000
35.0000
40.0000
4500000
50.0000
55.0000
60.0000
65.0000
\ 70.0000
75.0000
80.0000
85.0000
90.0000
95.0000
100.0000
48
-.6700
-.7600
--8500
-.9300
-.9800
-09000
-.7700
-.6700
-.6350
-.6800
-09500
-06600
000000
NACA 0018
0.0000
.1100
02200
.3300
.4400
.5500
.6600
7362
.8256
.9067
9751
100284
100664
100304
1.0793
100624
1-0402
.9959
9707
9696
1.0107
.8550
.9800
1.0350
1.0s00
1.0200
.9550
.8750
.7600
.6300
.5000
3650
.2300
.0900
-.0500
-.1850
1.4650
1.3500
1.2250
1.0850
.9250
.7550
.5750
.4200
.3200
c2300
.1400
.0550
.0250
SECTION
90082
0082
.0083
.0086
,0089
.0095
.0102
.0115
.0126
.0139
.0154
.0170
s0187
s0206
.0227
.0251
1080
-2380
.2820
.3290
.4050
.5700
.7450
.9200
1.0750
10215O
1.3450
1.4700
1.5750
1.6650
1.7350
le780(l
1-8000
1.8000
1.7800
1.7500
DATA>
EPPLER
M03ELs
C.s
CD*
JAN
79
Table 4. (cent)
-.
0 lo5.00000 110.0000
0 115.0000
0 120.0000
0 125.0000
0 13000000
0 135.0000
0 140.0000
0 145.0000
0 15000000
0 155.0000
0 160.0000
0 165.0000
0 170.0000
0 175.0000
1 180.0000
2000000.0
0
000000
0
1.0000
0
200000
0
3.0000
4.0000
o
0
5.0000
0
600000
7.0000
0
0
8.0000
o
900000
0
10.0000
0
11.0000
o
12.0000
0
13.000fl
0
14.0000
0
15.0000
0
16.0000
0
17.0000
O
18.0000
0
20.0000
0
22.0000
0
2500000
0
30.0000
0
3500000
40.0000
0
0
45.0000
0
50.0000
0
55.0000
0
60.0000
0
65.0000
0
70.0000
75.0000
0
0
80-0000
.
-.3200
-.4500
-.5750
-s6700
-.7600
-08500
-.9300
-.9800
-.9000
-.7700
-.6700
-.6350
-.6800
-.8500
-.6600
0.0000
NACA 0018
000000
11OO
.2200
.3300
.4400
.5500
.6600
.7449
.8439
.9314
1.0111
1.0772
1.1296
1.1662
1.1813
1.1813
1.1695
1.1550
1.1383
1.1172
1.1127
1.1468
./3550
.!3800
100350
100500
100200
.9550
.8750
.7600
.5300
.5000
.3650
1.7000
10635O
1.5550
1.4650
1.3500
1.2250
1.0850
.9250
.7550
.5750
-4200
.3200
.2300
.1400
.0550
.0250
SECTION
.0077
.0077
.0078
.00!30
.0084
.0087
.0093
.0101
0111
.0122
.0134
0148
.0163
.0179
.0197
.0218
.0240
1200
.2380
.2820
.3290
.4050
.5700
.7450
.9200
1.0750
10215O
1.3450
1.4700
1.5750
1.6650
107350
1.7800
DATA?
EPPLER
M03ELs
CL~
Cot
JAN
79
49
Table 4. (cent)
.
O
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
O
0
0
0
1
85-0000
90.0000
95.0000
100.0000
105.0000
110.0000
11500000
120.0000
125.0000
130.0000
135.0000
140.0000
145.0000
150.0000
155.0000
160s0000
165-0000
170.0000
175.0000
180.0000
5000000.0
o
0.0000
o
100000
0
2.0000
o
3.0000
4.0000
0
5.0000
0
5.0000
0
0
7.0000
0
8.0000
0
9.0000
o
10.0000
0
11.0000
0
12.0000
0
13.0000
0
14.0000
0
1500000
@
1600000
0
17.0000
o
18.0000
0
1900000
0
20.0000
0
22.0000
o
25.0000
0
30.000!I
35.0000
0
0
40.0000
o
45.0000
0
50.0000
0
55.0000
50
s2300
.0900
-.0500
-.1850
--3200
-.4500
-.5750
--6700
--7600
-.8500
-.9300
-.3800
-.9000
-.7700
-m6700
-=6350
-.6800
-08500
-.6600
000000
NACA 0018
000000
1100
.2200
.3300
.4400
.5500
96600
.7700
8538
9525
1.0404
1.1211
1-1884
1.2430
102808
1.3004
103067
1.3038
1.2960
1.2853
1.2768
1.2714
1.2925
.!3550
.9800
1.0350
1.0500
1.0200
.3550
1.8000
1.8000
1.7800
1.7500
1.7000
1.6350
1.5550
1.4650
1.3500
1-2250
1-0850
,9250
.7550
.5750
4200
.3200
-2300
.1400
.0550
.0250
SECTION
0073
.0073
.007!5
.0077
.0079
-0083
.0087
.0093
.0100
O1O8
.0117
.0128
.0140
.0153
.0168
.0185
.0203
-0223
.0244
.1400
-2820
s3290
.4050
.5700
.7450
*9200
1.0750
102150
1.3450
OATA9
EPPLER
P103ELt
C.s
CDS
JAN
79
Table 4. (cent)
o
0
0
0
0
1)
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
c1
O
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
60.0000
65.0000
70.0000
7!5.0000
80.0000
8!5.0000
913.0000
9!5.0000
10 I). OOOO
105.0000
11000000
115.0000
12000000
125.0000
130.0000
131i. C?OOO
140.0000
145.0000
150.0000
153.0000
16(1.0000
1S5.0000
170.0000
175.0000
180.0000
.8750
.7600
.6300
5000
.3650
.2300
.0900
-.0500
-.1850
-.3200
-.4500
-*5756
-.6700
-.7600
-.8500
-.9300
-.9800
-.9000
-.7700
-.6700
-.6350
-*6800
-.8500
-.6500
0.0000
1.4700
1.5750
1.6650
1.7350
1.7800
1.8000
1.8000
1.7800
1.7500
107000
10635O
1.5550
104650
1.3500
1.2250
.1.0850
.?250
.7550
.5750
.4200
.3200
.2300
.1400
.0550
.0250
51
Table 5. Lift and Drag Coefficients for the NACA- 0021 Airfoil (104 s Re s 5 x 106)
Re
1000O*O
NACA
CL
0021
SECTION
DATA~
EPPLER
MOJEL~
CLS
CDS
JAN
79
cd
.
o
0
0
0
o
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.0000
1.0000
2.0000
3.0000
4.0000
5.0000
6.0000
7.0000
800000
9.0000
10* OOOO
1200000
14.0000
16.0000
18.0000
20.0000
22.0000
25.0000
30.0000
35.0000
40.0000
45.0000
50.0000
5500000
60.0000
65.0000
70.0000
7500000
80.0000
8500000
90.0000
95.0000
100.0000
10500000
110.0000
115.0000
120.0000
125.0000
130.0000
13!5.0000
140.0000
14500000
15000000
155.0000
160.0000
52
0.0000
-.0320
-.0631
-.0854
-.0995
-.1156
-.1240
-.1400
-.1475
-.1581
.1581
-.1276
-.0658
s0123
.1035
.2006
.3002
4539
.8550
.9800
1.0350
100500
100200
.9550
.8750
.7600
.6300
.5000
.3650
.2300
.0900
-.0500
-.1850
-.3200
-.4500
-.5750
-.6700
-.7600
-.8500
-.9300
-.9800
-.9000
-.7700
-.6700
-06350
.0413
.0414
.0420
.0429
.0441
.0459
.0480
.0507
.0538
.0575
.0750
.1230
.1580
.1960
.2380
.2820
.3290
.4050
.5700
.7450
.9200
1.0750
1.2150
1.3450
1.4700
105750
1.6650
1.7350
1.7800
108000
1.8000
1.7800
1.7500
1.7000
10635O
1.5550
10465O
1.3500
1.2250
100850
.9250
.7550
.5750
.4200
.3200
Table 15.(cent)
O
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
:
165.0000
170.0000
175.0000
180.0000
20000.0
0.0000
1.0000
2.0000
3.0000
4.0000
:::;::
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
o
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
o
0
0
0
0
7.0000
8.0000
900000
1000000
1200000
1400000
16s0000
1800000
20.0000
22.0000
25.0000
30.0000
35.0000
40.0000
45.0000
50.0000
55.0000
60.0000
65.0000
70.0000
75.0000
80.0000
85.0000
90.0000
95.0000
100.0000
105.0000
110.0000
115.0000
120.0000
125.0000
130.0000
135.0000
140.0000
14500000
150.0000
155.0000
16090000
-.6800
-.8500
-.6600
0.0000
NACA 0021
0.0000
.0243
.0393
.0472
.0619
.0505
047.5
.0266
.0120
-.0190
-00506
-.0713
-.0362
.0331
1180
.2124
.3103
.4618
.8550
.9800
100350
1.0!500
1.0200
.9550
3750
.7600
96300
.5000
3650
.2300
.0900
-.0500
-.1850
-.3200
-.4500
-.5750
-.6700
-.7600
-.8500
-.9300
-.9800
-09000
-.7700
-.6700
-.6350
.2300
.1400
.0550
0250
SECTION
.0309
.0310
.0314
.0321
.0352
.0345
.0362
.0382
.0407
.0435
90700
.1230
.1580
.1960
2380
.2820
.3290
.4050
.5700
.7450
.9200
1.0750
1.2150
1.3450
1.4700
1.5750
1.6650
1.7350
1.7800
1.8000
1.8000
1.7800
1.7500
107000
1.6350
1.5550
1.4650
1.3500
1.2250
1.0850
.9250
.7550
.5750
.4200
.3200
DATA*
EPPLER
M03ELt
CL?
CDS
JAN
79
53
Table 5. (cent)
o
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
o
o
0
0
o
0
o
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
o
0
o
o
0
o
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
54
16500000
170.0000
175.0000
180.0000
40000.0
0.0000
100000
2.0000
300000
4.0000
5.0000
5.0000
7.0000
8.0000
9.0000
10.0000
12.0000
14.0000
15.0000
18* OOOJ
20.0000
22.0000
25.0000
3000000
35.0000
40.000C
45.0000
50.0000
55.0000
60.000il
65.0000
70.0000
75.0000
80.0000
85.0000
90.0000
95.0000
100.0000
105.0000
11O*OOOO
115.0000
120.0000
125.0000
130.0000
135.0000
140.0000
145.0000
150.0000
155.0000
160s0000
-.6800
-.8500
-03300
0.0000
NACA oo21
0.0000
.0752
.1465
2103
.2730
..3086
.3382
.3427
.3420
.3162
-2691
.1660
.9833
.0981
.1619
.2414
.3345
.4802
.8550
.3800
1.0350
1.0500
1.0200
3550
.8750
.7600
.5300
05000
.3650
.2300
.0900
-.0500
-.1s50
-.3200
-.4500
-*3750
-.6700
-.7600
-08500
-.9300
-.3800
-.9000
-.7700
.6700
-.6350
.2300
.1400
.05?59
.0250
SECTION
.0232
.0233
.0237
.0243
.0253
.0264
.0279
.0297
.03.19
.0343
.0620
.1230
.1580
.1960
2380
s2820
,3230
.4050
5700
.7450
.920!I
1.0750
1.2150
1.3450
1.4700
1.5750
1.6650
107350
1.7800
1.8000
188000
1.7800
1.751J0
1.7000
1.6350
1.!5550
1.4650
1.3500
1.2250
1.0850
.9250
.7550
.5750
.4200
3200
II ATAs
E,PPLEq
IYODELS
CLS
CDy
JAN
79
,
Table !5.(cent)
O 165.0000
o 170.0000
0 175.0000
1 180.0000
81000fJ.lJ
0
o
0
o
0
o
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
o
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
o
o
0
0
0
0
0
o
0
0
0
0
0
0.0000
1.0000
200000
,3.0000
400000
j.000u
1; .0000
7.0000
3.0000
900000
lil.0000
11.0000
1,2.0000
1%00000
16.0000
113.0000
211.0000
2:2.0003
25.0000
3000000
33.0000
413.00011
45.000d
50.0000
55.0000
60.0000
5500000
71j*ogoo
7!3.0000
80.0000
85.0000
9(1.0000
95.0000
100.0000
105.0000
11000000
115.0000
12[1.0000
l~j*o(j(Jo
0
0
0
0
(1
0
13!1.0000
13:5.0000
140*UOQ0
145.0000
15(1.0000
15!5.0000
-=5800
-.8500
-.6600
0.0000
NACA 0021
0.0000
.9921
.1839
.2731
.3564
.432+
4953
5445
5751
.5874
.5780
5564
5228
.4296
3459
.3221
*3475
84091
5297
.3550
.3900
1.0350
1.0500
1.0200
.3550
.3750
.7600
.5.300
*5000
.3650
.2300
.0900
-.0500
-.1850
-.3200
-.4500
-.5750
-.6700
-.760C1
-.3500
-.3300
-.9800
-.3000
-.7700
-.670G
.23~0
.1400
*c155~
.0250
SECTION
.017?
.0178
.Olfll
.0186
.01?4
.0204
.0217
.0233
.0252
.0273
.0297
.0700
.1230
1580
.1960
.2380
.2820
.3295
.4050
.5700
.7450
.9200
1.0750
1.2150
1.3450
1*4700
1.5750
1.6650
1.7350
1.7800
1.8000
1.8000
1.78E0
1.7530
1.7000
1.6350
1.5550
1.46511
193500
1.2250
1.0850
.9250
.7550
.5750
.4200
OATA?
EPPLER
M03ELt
C.J
C)s
JAN
79
55
Table 5. (cent)
O 160.0000
0 165.0000
0 17000000
o 175.0000
1 180.0000
160000.0
0.0000
0
0
100000
o
2.0000
3.0000
0
0
4.0000
5.0000
0
!3.0000
0
7.0000
0
0
,8.0000
0
900000
0
10.0000
o
11.0000
0
12.0000
0
1300000
0
14.0000
o
16.0000
0
18.0000
0
20.0000
0
22.0000
0
25.0000
0
30.0000
0
3500000
0
40.0000
0
4500000
0
50.0000
55.0000
o
60.0000
0
0
65.0000
0
7000000
0
75.0000
0
80.0000
0
85.0000
90.0000
0
0
95.0000
0 10000000
0 105*OOOO
0 110.0000
0 115.0000
0 12000000
0 125.0000
0 130.0000
0 135.0000
0 14090000
0 145.0000
56
-06350
-.6800
-.8500
-.6600
0.0000
NACA 0021
000000
.0842
.1879
.2861
.3800
.4687
5486
.6209
.6745
.7148
7374
7443
.7363
.7255
6993
.6487
.6098
.5920
.5023
.6664
.8550
.9800
100350
1.0500
1.0200
.9550
-8750
.7600
.6300
5000
.3650
.2300
.0900
-.0500
-.1850
-.3200
-04500
-.5750
-.6700
-.7600
-.8500
-.3300
-.9800
-.9000
.3200
.2300
*1400
.0550
.0250
SECTION
.0139
0140
.0143
.0148
.0155
.0263
.0174
.0187
.0204
.0222
.0243
.0266
.0292
.0860
.1580
.1960
.2380
.2820
.3290
.4050
.5700
.7450
.9200
100750
1*2150
1.3450
1.4700
1.5750
106650
107350
1.7800
1.8000
1.8000
1.7800
197500
1.7000
1.6350
1.5550
1.4650
1.3500
1.2250
1.0850
.9250
.7550
DATAs
EPPLER
MOJELS
CLt
CO*
JAN
79
Table 5. (cent)
o
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
o
0
0
0
0
0
o
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
150.0000
155.0000
160.0000
165.0000
170.0000
175.0000
180.0000
360000.0
0.0000
1.0000
2.0000
3.0000
4.0000
5.0000
6.0000
7.0000
9.0000
9*0000
10.0000
1100000
1:2.0000
13.0000
1$.0.000
1!5.0000
16.0000
11300000
213.0000
z:~.000o
2!5.0000
30.0000
3!5.0000
40.0000
45.0000
5(1.0000
55.0000
60.0000
65.0000
70.0000
7500000
8(1.0000
85.0000
90.0000
95.0000
10(1.0000
105.0000
11O*OOOO
115.0000
120.0000
125.0000
13[)00000
-.7700
-.6700
-.6350
-.6800
-.8500
-.5600
0.0000
NACA 0021
0.0000
.1100
.2200
.3024
.4044
.4998
.5891
.6728
.7434
.8026
.8500
.8779
.8938
.8973
.8937
.8840
8717
.8489
.8397
.8453
.8866
.8550
.9800
1.0350
1.0500
1.0200
.9550
.8750
.7600
.6300
.5000
.3650
.2300
.0900
-.0500
-.1850
-.3200
-.4500
-.5750
-.6700
-.7600
-.8500
.5750
.4200
.3200
.2300
.1400
.0550
.0250
SECTION
.0111
.0111
.0113
.0117
.0122
.0129
.0138
.0149
.0163
0178
.0195
.0215
.0237
.0260
.0286
104O
.1960
.2380
.2820
.3290
.4050
.5700
.7450
.9200
1.0750
1.2150
1.3450
1.4700
1.5750
1.6650
1.7350
1.7800
108000
1.8000
1.7800
1.7500
107000
1.6350
1.5550
1.4650
1.3500
. 1.2250
--
DATAs
EPPLER
M09ELt
CLS
CDS
JAN
79
57
Table 5. (cent)
o
o
0
o
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
13500000
140.0000
145.0000
15000000
155.0000
160.0000
165.0000
17000000
175.0000
180.0000
700000.0
0.0000
100000
2.0000
3.0000
9.0000
5.00!30
300000
7.0000
8.0000
3.0000
10.0000
11.0000
0
12.0000
0
13.0000
0
1400000
0
13.0000
0
16.0000
0
17.0000
0
18.0000
0
20.0009
0
2200000
0
25.0000
30.0000
0
35.0000
0
0
40.0000
0
45.0000
0
50.0000
0
55.0000
50.0000
o
0
65.000il
70.0000
0
75.0000
0
80.0000
0
o
85.0000
0
90.0000
0
95.0003
0 100.0000
0 105.0000
0 110.0000
58
-.9300
-.9800
-.9000
-.7700
-06700
-.63!50
-.6800
-08500
-.6600
0.0009
NACA 0021
0.0000
.1100
.2200
.3300
.4128
.5146
.s100
6988
.7802
8493
.9091
.9543
.9843
1.0020
100122
1.0105
1s0056
.9973
.9911
.9858
9940
1.3350
.8550
.9800
100350
1.050G
100200
s 9550
.!3750
.7600
.6300
85000
.3650
.2300
.0900
-.0509
-.1850
-.3200
-.4500
1.0850
.9250
.7!550
.5753
.4200
.3200
.2300
.1400
.0550
.0250
SECTION
.0094
.0094
.0096
.0098
.
DATAt
EPPLER
l103ELt
CL?
CDS
JAN
79
.0103
.0109
.01.17
.0126
.01.38
.0152
.0165
.0184
.0202
.0223
.0244
.0269
.0295
.1250
.2380
.2820
.3230
.4050
.5700
.7450
.9200
1.0750
102150
1.3450
1.4700
1.5750
1.6650
.1.7350
1.780F
1.8000
108000
1.7800
1.7500
1.7000
1-6350
-.
Table 5. (cent)
o
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
11.5.0000
1;!0.0000
1:!5.0000
l:sO .0000
135*0000
14}0.0000
14} 5.0000
150.0000
155.0000
160.0000
165.0000
170.0000
175.0000
18000000
100000000
0
0.0000
1.0000
o
0
2.0000
3.0000
0
4.0000
0
500000
0
5.0000
0
7.0000
0
0
!3.0000
9.0000
o
0
1,0.0000
0
1.100000
o
1,2.0000
0
1.3.0000
0
14.0000
1.5.0000
0
1,5.0000
0
0
1.7.0000
0
19.0000
T7?OOOOO0
0
2!2*OOO0
a
25.0000
0
30.0000
35.0000
0
4}0.0003
0
4}5*0000
o
5000000
0
55.0000
0
00.0000
0
0
f)s.oo~tl
70.0000
o
75.0000
o
80.0000
0
85.0000
0
90.0000
0
-.5750
-.6700
-.7600
-.3500
-.3300
-.3800
-.9000
-.7700
-.670il
-.6350
-.6!300
-.!3!500
-.6600
0.0000
NACA 0021
0.0000
.1100
*~~fJo
.3300
.4400
5192
6191
.7102
.7939
,869f+
.9364
3862
1.0257
1.J492
1.0657
1.0709
1.0690
1.0641
1-0588
1.0554
1.c1644
1.1018
88550
.9800
1.0350
1.05T0
1.0200
.3550
.8750
.7600
.G30U
.5000
.3550
.23U0
.9900
1.55501.4650
1.3500
1.2250
1.0850
.9250
.7550
.5750
.4200
.3200
.2300
.1400
.0550
.0250
SECTION
0089
.0089
.0090
.0092.
.0096
.0101
.0108
.0117
*ol~8
.0140
.0154
?0170
.0187
.0206
.0226
.0248
.0273
.0300
.1350
.2820
.3230
.4050
.5700
.7450
s92flfl
1.0750
1.2150
1.3450
1.4700
1.575!)
1.665Q
1.7350
1.7809
1.3036
1.8000
DATA~
EPPLER
!103ELs
C-a
CDS
JAN
79
Table 5. (cent)
o
o
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
o
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
o
0
0
0
0
o
0
0
0
0
0
60
95.0000
100* OOOO
105.0000
11000000
115.0000
120.0000
125.0000
130,00000
135.0000
140.0000
145.0000
150.0000
15s.0000
16000000
165.0000
170.0000
175.0000
180.0000
2000000.0
0.0000
1.0000
2.0000
3.0000
4.0000
5.0000
6.0000
7.0000
9.0000
9.0000
10.0000
1100000
12.0000
13.0000
14.0000
15.0000
16.0000
17.0000
18*OOOtl
1900000
20.0000
22.0000
2500000
3000000
35.0000
40.0000
43.0000
50.0000
55.0000
60.0000
65.0000
.0500
-.1850
-.3200
-.4500
-.5750
-.6700
-.7600
-.8500
-.9300
-.9800
-.9000
-.7700
-*6700
-.6350
-.6800
-.8500
-.6600
0.0000
NACA 0021
0.0000
11OO
.2200
.3300
.4400
.5500
.6268
.7254
.8143
8986
.9739
100398
1.0906
1.1305
1.1580
1.1747
1.1823
1.1824
1.1814
1*1797
1.1812
1.1893
1.2230
9550
.9800
1.0350
1.0500
1.0200
.9550
98750
.7600
1.7800
1.7500
1.7000
1.6350
1.5550
1.4650
1.3500
1.2250
1.0850
.9250
.7550
.5750
.4200
.3200
.2300
.1400
.0550
.0250
SECTION
.0082
.0083
.0084
.0086
.0089
.0092
.0098
.0105
.0114
.0124
.0135
.0148
.0162
.0179
.0196
.0215
.0236
.0260
.0285
.1450
.2820
.3290
.4050
.5700
.7450
.9200
1.0750
1.2150
1.3450
1.4700
1.5750
OATAS
:PPLER
MO]EL,
Ck,
c),
JAN
79
Table 5. (cent)
70.0000
75.0000
8000000
85.0000
90.0000
95.0000
100.0000
105.0000
110.0000
115.0000
120.0000
125s0000
13000000
1315.0000
140.0000
14500000
150.0000
155.0000
160.0000
165.0000
170.0000
175.0000
180.0000
500000000
0.0000
0
0
100000
il
2.0000
0
300000
4.0000
0
5.0000
0
6.0000
0
7.0000
0
0
8.0000
9.0000
0
0
10.0000
o
1100000
0
12.0000
0
13.0000
0
14.0000
o
1500000
0
16.0000
0
17.0000
0
18.0000
0
1900000
2!O*OOO0
0
0
2!200000
:!5*OOO0
0
30.0000
0
3500000
0
40*0000
0
o
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
o
0
0
0
0
0
O
0
0
0
1
.6300
.5000
3650
.2300
.0900
-.0500
-.1850
-.3200
-.4500
-.5750
-.6700
--7600
--8500
-.9300
-.9800
-.3000
-.7100
-.6700
-.6350
-.6800
-.8500
-.6600
0.0000
NACA 0021
0.0000
11OO
.2200
.3300
.4400
.5500
.6600
.7354
.8334
.9222
1.0049
1.0787
1.1453
1.1979
1.2410
1.2680
1.2860
1.2977
1.3031
1.3066
1.3054
1.3130
1.3476
.8550
.9800
1.0350
1.6650
1.7350
1.7800
1.8000
108000
1.7800
1.7500
1.7000
1.6350
1.5550
1.4650
1*350U
10225O
1.0850
.9250
.7550
.5750
.+200
.3200
.2300
.1400
.0550
.0250
SECTION
.0078
.0078
.0079
.0081
.0083
.0086
.0091
.0097
.0104
.0112
.I)121
DATA~
EPPLE3
140DELs
CLS
C3~
JAN
79
.0132
.0143
.0156
017C
.0186
.0205
.0224
.0245
.0268
.0273
.3290
.4050
.5700
.7450
.9200
61
Table 5. (cent)
o
0
0
0
9
0
0
o
0
0
o
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
o
0
0
0
0
o
0
2
4!5.0000
50.0000
55.0000
60.0000
65e OOO0
70.0000
75.0000
80.0000
85.0000
90.0000
95.0000
100* OOOO
10590000
110.0000
115.0000
120.0000
125.0000
130.0000
13500000
140.0000
145.0000
150.0000
155.0000
160.0000
165-0000
170.0000
175.0000
180s0000
62
1.0500
1.0200
.95!50
.8750
.7600
.6300
5000
.3650
.2300
.0900
-.0500
-.1850
-.3200
-.4500
-05750
-.5700
-.7600
-.8500
-.9300
--3800
-.9000
-.7700
-.6700
-.5350
-.6800
-,8500
--6600
090000
i00750
1.2150
1.3450
1.4700
1.5750
1.6650
1.7350
1.7800
1.8000
1.800C
1.7800
1.7500
1.7000
1.6350
1.5550
1-4650
1.3500
1.2250
1.0850
9250
.7550
.5750
.4200
.3200
2300
.1400
.0550
fj25fj
Table 6. Lift and Drag Coefficients for the NACA10025 Airfoil (104 s Re s 5
10G)
Re
Y.OOOo.
c1
o
0
0
0
c1
0
0
0
Cl
0
0
0
o
0
0
0
o
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
o
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.0000
1.0000
2.0000
3.00!)0
4.0000
5.0000
5.0000
7.0000
3.0000
3.0000
10.0000
11.0000
12.0000
14.0000
15.0000
1!3. !3000
20*lIooo
22.0000
2.5.0000
3i1.000o
35.0000
40.0000
45.0000
50.0900
55.0000
60.0000
65.000~
713*oooo
75.0000
80.0000
85.0000
90.0000
9500000
100.0000
105.0000
110.0000
115.0000
120.0000
125.0000
130.0000
135.0000
140.0000
145.0000
150.0000
155.0000
VACA
0025
C2
0.0000
-.0434
-.0907
-.1151
-.1403
-.1585
-*1723
-*1799
-*1797
-.1776
-.1747
-.1647
-*1512
-.1134
-. Q60+
.0082
.0883
.1785
.3205
.8550
.9800
1.0350
1.0500
1.0208
~~~o
.875Q
.7600
.G300
5000
.3650
.2300
.0900
-.0500
-.1850
-.3200
-.4300
-.5750
-.5700
-.7600
-.3500
-.9300
-99800
-.9000
-.7700
__:_.6700
SZCTION
DATA~
EPPLER
cd
.0455
40457
.0453
.0474
.0483
.0508
.0532
.0562
.0537
.0638
.0686
.082G
.1230
.1580
.1950
.23!30
.2820
.3290
.4050
.5700
.7450
.9200
1.0750
1.2150
1.3450
1.4700
1.5750
1.6650
197350
1.7800
1.8000
1.8000
1.7800
1.7500
l*70flo
1.6350
1.5550
1.4650
1.3560
1.2250
1.0850
.9250
.7550
.5750
.4200
M03ELt
C.s
CD~
JAN
79
Table 6. (cent)
O
0
o
0
1
160.0000
165.0000
170.0000
175.0000
180.0000
o
0
o
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
o
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2000000
0.0000
100000
2.0000
3.0000
4.0000
5.0000
!5.0000
7.0000
8cOOO0
9.0000
1000000
11.0000
1200000
14.0000
16.0000
18.0000
2000000
22.0000
25.0000
3000000
3500000
40.0000
45.0000
50.0000
55.0000
60.0000
65.0000
70.0000
75.0000
80.0000
85.0000
90.0000
95.0000
100.0000
105.0000
11090000
115.0000
120.0000
125.0000
13090000
135.0000
140.0000
145.0000
15000000
64
--6350
-.6800
-.8500
-.6600
0.0000
NACA 0025
000000
-.0223
-00376
-.0509
-.0550
-.0589
-.0650
-00690
-.0683
-.0653
-.0635
-.0607
-.0572
-.0377
-.0027
.0512
.1213
2071
.3435
.8550
.9800
1.0350
1.0500
1.0200
.9550
.8750
.7600
.s300
.5000
.3650
.2300
.0900
-.0500
-.1850
-.3200
-.4500
-.5750
-.6700
-.7600
-.B500
-.9300
-.9800
-.9000
-.7700
.3200
s23i10
.1400
.0550
.0250
SECTION
.0341
.03+2
.0346
.0354
.0365
.0379
.0397
.0419
.0445
.0476
.0511
.0810
.1230
.1580
.1960
.2380
.2820
.3290
.4050
.5700
.7450
.9200
1.0750
1.2150
103450
1.4700
1.5750
1.6650
1.7350
1.7800
1.8000
1.8000
1.7800
1.7500
1.7000
1.6350
1.5550
1.4650
1.3500
10225O
1.0850
.9250
.7550
.5750
C)ATAt
EPPLER
tlOIELS
C_S
CDS
JAN
79
>
Table 6. (cent)
o
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
o
o
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
o
0
0
0
0
0
o
155.0000
1610.0000
165.0000
17000000
115.0000
1(30.0000
40000.0
0.0000
1.0000
2.0000
3.0000
4.0000
5.0000
5.0000
7.0000
800000
9.0000
10.0000
11.0000
12.0000
1$00000
16.0000
1800000
2000000
22.0000
25.0000
30.0000
35.0000
40.0000
45.0000
50.0000
55.0000
60.0000
65.0000
70.0000
75.0000
80-0000
85.0000,
90.0000
95.0000
100*OOOO
105.0000
11000000
115.0000
120.0000
125.0000
130.0000
135.0000
140.0000
145.0000
-.6700
-.6350
-.6800
-.8500
-.6600
0.0000
YACA 0025
0.0000
0*11
.0821
.1167
.1479
1693
.1778
1856
1929
.1942
1915
.1889
.1813
1753
.1669
.1824
.2183
.2843
.4026
.!3550
.9800
1.0350
1.0500
100200
.9550
.8750
m7600
.6300
.5000
-3650
.2300
.0900
-.0500
.1850
-.3200
-.4500
-.5750
-.6700
-.7600
-.8500
-.3300
-.9800
-.9000
.4200
.3200
.2300
.1400
.0550
.0250
SECTION
.0258
.0259
.0263
.0269
.0278
0290
.030+
-0322
.0343
.0367
.0396
.0428
.0850
.1580
.1960
.2380
.2820
.3290
.4050
.5700
.7450
.9200
190750
1.2150
1.3450
1.4700
1.5750
1.6650
1.7350
1-7800
1.8000
1.8000
1.7800
1.7500
1.7000
1.63!50
1.5550
1.4650
1.3500
1.2250
1.0850
.9250
.7550
DATAs
SPPLER
F103ELs
CLS
C3S
JAN
79
65
Table 6. (cent)
o
0
0
II
o
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
o
0
o
0
0
o
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
d
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
150.0000
155.0000
160.0000
155.0000
170.0000
175.0000
180eOOO0
80000.0
0.0000
1.000?)
2.0000
3.0000
4.0000
500000
6.0000
7.0000
8.0000
9.0000
10.0000
1100000
12.0000
1300000
1%.0000
1600000
18.0000
20.0009
22.0000
25.0000
30.0000
33*OCO0
411.000cl
45.0000
50.0000
55.0000
50.0000
65.0000
70.0000
75.0000
80.0000
85.0000
90.0000
93.0008
100.0000
105.0000
Ilo.000fl
115.0000
120.0009
125.0000
130.000!I
135.0000
-.7700
-.6700
-.6350
-96800
-.8500
-.6500
0.0000
NACA 0023
0.0000
.0743
.1487
.2198
.28.32
3413
.3866
.4215
.4503
.4655
.4749
.%797
.~?83
.4754
.4713
-4588
.4522
*4547
*826
95574
.:3550
.9800
1.0350
1.0500
1.0200
*9550
.d750
7600
6300
5000
W3550
.2.300
.0900
-.0500
-.1850
-.3200
-.4300
--5750
-.6?00
-.1600
-.8500
-.9300
.5750
.4200
.3200
2300
.1400
*0550
.0250
SECTION
.0197
.0198
.0201
.0207
.0214
.0224
.0236
.0250
.0268
.0238
.0311
.0338
.0368
.0401
*1OLO
.1960
2380
.2828
.3290
4050
.5700
.7450
.9200
1.0750
1.2150
1.3450
1.4700
1.5750
1.6650
1.7350
1.7800
1.8000
1.8000
1.7800
1.7500
1.7000
1.6350
1.5550
1.4650
1.3500
1.2250
1.0850
e
OATA~
ZPPLER
t103ELs
Cl?
C3S
JAN
79
,,
>
Table 6. (cent)
o
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
14000000
145.0000
150.0000
155(.0000
16000000
155.0000
170,0000
175!,0000
180100000
160000.0
0
0{00000
o
l!BOOOD
0
200000
0
3(,0000
~mtlooo
G
0
5(,0000
6!,0000
0
0
74,0000
0
81,0000
9,,0000
0
0
10!DOOOO
0
11(,0000
0
12!)0000
f)
13{00000
0
1400000
o
151,0000
0
1s{.0000
0
17!.0000
0
18.0000
0
19!.0000
0
2000000
0
21moooo
0
224BOOO0
0
23s0000
0
244)0000
o
25<,0000
0
26!.0000
0
27,0000
0
3otBoooil
354s0000
0
0
40,.0000
0
454.0000
0
504,0000
0
5500000
0
60,mOOO0
0
654.00IJO
0
70,.0000
75(.0000
0
0
80mOOO0
0
85400000
.9800
-.9000
-.7700
-.6700
-.6350
-*&800
-* B500
-.6500
000000
NACA 0025
0.0000
.0375
e 1745
.2613
.3$%00
.4170
.4831
.5263
.5916
.6271
.6539
.6720
.6811
6866
.6886
.6906
.6321
6935
*6945
.7006
.7069
.7164
.7289
.7421
.7605
.7840
.8047
.8306
.3550
.9800
1.0350
1.0500
1.0200
* 9550
.8750
.7600
.5300
5000
.3650
.2300
.9250
.7550
.5750
.4200
.3200
.2300
.1400
.0550
0250
SECTION
.01!5!5
.0156
.0158
.0163
.0169
.0177
.0187
.0201
.0213
.0230
.0250
.0272
.0236
.0324
.03s5
.0389
.0426
.0466
.0510
.0558
.0610
.0668
.0730
.079$5
.087fl
.0947
.1029
.1117
.5700
.7450
.9200
190750
1.2150
1.3450
1.4700
1.5750
1.6650
1.7350
1.7800
1.8000
I)ATAs
EPPLER
F40DEI-,
c~,
c)),
JAN
79
67
Table 6. (cOnt)
o
0
0
0
0
0
0
O
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
o
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
o
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
O
0
0
0
0
o
68
90.0000
95.0000
10000000
105* OOOO
110.0000
11!5.0000
120.0000
12500000
130.0000
13s.0000
140.0000
145.0000
150.0000
155.0000
160.0000
165.0000
170.0000
175.0000
180.0000
360000.0
000000
1.0000
2.0000
3.0000
4.0000
5.0000
6.0000
7.0000
8.0000
9.0000
10.0000
1100000
1200000
13.0000
14.0000
15.0000
1600000
17.0000
18.0000
19.0000
20.0000
21.0000
22.0000
2300000
24.0000
2500000
26.0000
27.0000
30.0000
35.0000
.0900
-.0500
-.1850
-s3200
-.4500
-.5750
-.6700
-.7600
-.8500
-09300
-.9800
-09000
-.7700
-.6700
-.6350
-.6800
-.8500
-.6600
0.0000
NACA 0025
000000
.0982
.1721
.2682
.3608
4495
.5295
.6062
.6701
.7256
.7713
.8039
,8295
8471
.8565
.8656
8742
8821
.8890
8992
.9114
.9216
.9381
.9529
.9721
.9907
100147
1.0396
.8550
.9800
1.8000
1.7800
1.7500
107000
1.6350
1.5550
1.4650
1.3500
1.2250
1.0850
.9250
.7550
95750
.4200
.3200
.2300
1400
.0550
.0250
SECTION
.0121
.0122
.0125
.0129
.0135
.0141
.0149
.0159
.0170
.0185
.0200
.0219
.0239
0261
.0286
.0314
.0343
.0375
.0411
.0448
.0489
.0534
.0582
.063+
.0690
.0750
.0814
.0881
.5700
.7450
DATA~
SPPLER
MO)ELS
CLS
C3S
JAN
79
Table 6. (cent)
o
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
o
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
o
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
40.0000
45.0000
50.0000
55.0000
60.0000
65.0000
70.0000
75.0000
80.0000
85.0000
90.0000
95.0000
100.0000
105.0000
110.0000
11500000
120.0000
125.0000
130.0000
135.0000
140.0000
145.0000
150.0000
155.0000
160.0000
165.0000
170.0000
175.0000
18000000
700000.0
0.0000
1.0000
2.0000
3.0000
4.0000
5.0000
6.0000
7.0000
8.0000
9.0000
1000000
11.0000
12.0000
13.0000
1400000
15.0000
16.0000
1700000
18.0000
19.0000
1.0350
1.0500
1.0200
9550
.8750
.7600
.6300
.5000
.3650
2300
.0900
-.0500
-.1850
-.3200
-.4500
-.5750
-.6700
-.7600
-.8500
-.9300
-.9800
-.9000
-.7700
-.6700
-.6350
-.6800
-.8500
-.6600
0.0000
NACA 0025
0.0000
.0817
.1851
.2861
.3811
.*743
.5627
.6440
7194
.7852
.8405
.8873
.9230
.9491
.9685
.9820
* 9944
1.0052
1.0157
1.0276
.9200
1.0750
1.2150
1.3450
1.4700
105750
1.6650
1.7350
1.7800
1.8000
1.8000
1.7800
1.7500
1.7000
lm6350
105550
1.4650
1.3500
1.2250
1.0850
.9250
.7550
.5750
.4200
.3200
.2300
.1400
.0550
.0250
SECTION
.0104
.0104
0105
.0109
.0113
.0119
.0126
.0134
.0144
.0156
.0170
.0185
.0202
.0222
.0244
.0267
.0292
.0319
.0349
.0381
DAIAt
E?PLER
M03EL9
CL*
CD9
JAN
79
69
Table 6. (cent)
20.0000
21.0000
2200000
23.0000
24.0000
25.0000
26.0000
27.0000
30.0000
35.0000
40.0000
45.0000
50.0000
55.0000
60.0000
65.0000
70.0000
75.0000
80.0000
85.0000
90.0000
9500000
100.0000
105* OOOO
110.0000
11500000
120.0000
125.0000
130.0000
135.0000
140.0000
145.0000
150.0000
155.0000
160.0000
165.0000
170.0000
175.0000
180.0000
1000000.0
0.()()()0
0
0
1.0000
0
2.0000
0
3.0000
4.000C
0
5.0000
o
0
6.0000
0
7.0000
0
8.0000
0
9.0000
0
0
0
0
0
o
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
o
o
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
o
0
1
70
1.0403
1.0521
1.0678
1.0831
1.1035
1.1223
1*1458
1.1704
.8550
.3800
1.0350
1.0500
1.0200
3!550
.8750
.7600
6300
.5000
.3650
.2300
.0900
-00500
-.1850
-.3200
-.4500
-.5750
-.6700
-.7600
-.8500
-.9300
-.9800
-.9000
-.7700
-.6700
-.6350
-.6800
-.&500
-.6600
0.0000
NA:A
0025
000000
.1100
.1890
.2917
.3900
.4844
85757
.6622
.7387
.8117
.0415
.0453
.0493
.0536
.0583
.0632
.0685
.0741
.5700
.7450
.9200
1.0750
1.2150
1.3450
1.4700
1.5750
1.6650
107350
1.7800
1.8000
1.80J0
1.780!)
1.7500
107000
1.6350
1.5550
1.4650
1.3500
1.2250
1.0850
.9250
.7550
.5750
.4200
.3200
.2300
.1400
.0550
90250
SECTION
.0097
.0098
.0098
.0101
0105
.0110
.0116
.0124
00133
.0144
s
DATA?
EPPLER
M03EL~
CL?
Ca9
JAN
79
Table 6. (cent)
o
fl
0
0
0
0
0
o
0
o
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
o
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
o
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
I1O*OOOO
1.1.0000
11240000
1.300000
1.4.0000
1.5.0000
1.600000
1.700000
18.0000
1.!3.0000
20*0000
21.0000
2200000
:!3.0000
24.0000
2!500000
:!6.0000
:!700000
30.0000
35.0000
4to*ooQo
ql!j.000o
50.0000
55*0000
60.0000
65.0000
70.0000
75.0000
810.0000
a5*oooo
90.0000
95.0000
100.0000
103.0000
11O*OOOO
11500000
120.0000
12!5.0000
130.0000
135.0000
14000000
145.0000
150.0000
155.0000
150.0000
165.0000
170.0000
175.0000
180.0000
2000000.C
.8710
.9228
3656
.9960
1.0192
1.0382
1.0522
1*0654
1.0774
1.0896
1*1031
1*1151
1.1294
1.1476
1.1645
1.1856
la2071
1.2317
.8550
.9800
1.035a
100500
1.0200
.3550
.8750
.7600
.6300
95000
.3650
.~30(J
.0900
-.0500
-.1850
-s3200
-.4500
-.5750
-.5700
-.7600
-.8500
-09300
-.9800
-.9000
-.7roo
-.6700
-.6350
-.6800
-.3500
-.6500
0.0000
NACA 0025
.0157
.0171
.0187
.0205
.0225
.0246
e0269
.0294
.0322
.0351
.0382
.0417
.0454
.0493
.0535
.0581
.0629
.0680
.5700
.7450
.9200
1.0750
1.2150
1.3450
1.4700
105750
1.6650
1.7350
1078OO
108000
108OOG
1078OO
1.7500
1.7000
1.6350
105550
1.4650
1.3500
102250
100850
.925g
.7550
95750
.4200
.3200
.2300
.1400
.0550
.0250
SECTION
DATA?
EPPLER
MOIELt
CL*
CDS
JAN
79
71
Table 6. (cent)
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
o
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
O
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
o
72
0.0000
1.0000
200000
3.0000
4.0000
500000
S.000o
7.0000
8-0000
900000
10.0000
11.0000
12.0000
1200000
13.0000
1400000
15.0000
16.0000
1700000
18.0000
1900000
20.0000
21.0000
22.0000
2300000
2*.0000
2500000
26.0000
27.0000
30.0000
35.0000
40.0000
45.0000
5000000
55.0000
60.0000
65.0000
70.0000
75.0000
80.0000
8500000
90.0000
95.0000
100.0000
105.0000
11000000
115.0000
120.0000
125.0000
130.0000
.- ..
0.0000
.1100
.2200
.2978
.4000
4977
.5913
.6810
.7664
.8415
9135
.9723
1.0245
1.0245
1.0672
1.0989
1.1258
1.1488
101654
1.1806
1.1953
1.2094
1.2220
1.2354
1*2537
1.2683
10289O
1.3087
1*3347
.8550
.9800
1.0350
1.0500
1.0200
.9550
.8750
.7600
.;300
.5000
.3650
.2300
.0900
-.0500
-.1850
-.3200
-.4500
-.5750
-.6700
-.7600
-08500
.0090
0090
.0091
.0093
.0096
.0100
0106
.0112
.0120
.0129
.0140
.0151
.0165
.0165
.0180
.0197
.0215
.0235
+0257
.0280
.0305
.0332
.0362
.0394
.0428
.0465
.0504
.0545
.0589
.5700
.7450
.9200
1.0750
10215O
1.3450
104700
1.5750
10665O
1.7350
1078OO
1.8000
1-8000
1.7800
1.7500
197000
1.6350
1.5550
1.4650
193500
10225O
Table 61.(cent)
o 135.0000
0 140.0000
m5*oooo
0 15000000
0 15500000
O 160.0000
0 165.0000
0 17000000
0 175.0000
1 18000000
5000000.0
0
000000
0
1.0000
2.0000
0
0
,3.0000
4*0000
0
-----!5.0000
0
0
500000
-7.0000
0
/3.0000
L3.0000
0
10.0000
71.0000
0
0
1290000
0
1:3.0000
0
1).0000
0
l!i.000o
11500000
0
=?.0000
0
18.0000
19.0000
0
0
2000000
0
211.0000
0
2200000
23.0000
0
24.0000
0
F-Z5.000o
26.0000
0
2ir*oooo
0
3(1.0000
0
35.0000
0
0
40.0000
45.0000
0
5[1.0000
0
0
55.0000
0
6(1.0000
65.0000
0
0
7[1.0000
0
75.0000
80.0000
0
-.9300
-.9800
-.9000
-.7700
-.6700
-.6350
.6800
-.8500
-06600
0.0000
NACA 0025
000000
.1100
.2200
.3300
.4078
.5097
.6076
.6997
7886
.8730
.9472
1.0177
1.0750
1.1270
1.1717
102065
1.2358
1.2617
1.2790
1.2952
1.3121
1.3257
1.3378
1.3558
1.3735
1.3960
1.+187
1.4395
,8550
.9800
1.0350
100500
1.0200
9550
.8750
.7600
.6300
.5000
.3650
1.0850
.9250
.7550
.5750
4200
.3200
.2300
.1400
.0550
.0250
SECTION
.0084
.0084
.0085
.0087
.0089
.0092
.0097
90103
.0110
.0117
.0126
.0137
.0148
.0161
.0175
.0190
.0207
.0225
.0245
.0267
.0290
.0316
.0344
.0374
.0404
.0436
.0470
.0509
.5700
.7450
.9200
1.0750
1.2150
1.3450
1.4700
1.5750
1.6650
107350
1.7800
DATAs
EPPLEI?
P103ELs
CL?
C3S
JAN
79
73
Table 6. (cent)
o
o
0
0
0
0
o
O
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
74
85.0000
90.0000
95.0000
100* OOOO
105.0000
110.0000
115.0000
120.0000
125.0000
130.0000
135.0000
140.0000
145.0000
150.0000
155.0000
160.0000
165.0000
170.0000
175.0000
180.0000
.2300
.0900
-.0500
-.1850
-.3200
-.4500
-.5750
n -.6700
-.7600
-.8500
-.9300
-.9800
-.9000
-.7700
-.6700
-.6350
-.6800
-.!3500
-.6600
0.0000
1.8000
1.8000
1.7800
1.7500
1.7000
I063!50
1.5550
1.4650
1.3500
1.2250
1.0850
,9250
.7550
.5750
.4200
.3200
.2300
.1400
.0550
.0250
I
I
80
G 60
-8
a
.
x= 0.5
$
.g 40
~
s
20
o
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
Rotation Angle, (3 (deg)

Figure 1. Equatorial Plane Angle of Attack Variation for the 17-Metre Turbine at a Rotational
Speed of 46 rpm (4.82 rad/s)
180
107/
I
60
I
80
I
100
I
120
i
140
1
160
8
6
4
x=
~06 .
3.()
86-
2-
10
I
20
I
40
Rotation Angle, 0 (deg)

Figure
2. Variation
of the Chord
Reynolds
Number
at the Equatorial
Plane of the 17-Metre
Turbine
at a Rotational
Speed of 46 rpm (4.82 rad/s)
NACA-OO09 Airfoil Section
-~4
..4
-~o
-16
-12
-8
-4
12
16
20
tltttntt
Figure 3. Section Lift Coefficients for the NACA-0009
Airfoil at Reynolds Numbers of 0,36 x 106 and 0.69 x 106
24
NACA-0012
Airfoil Section
Y
O Increasing
Cl
.
O Decreasing u
-24
-20
Figure 4.
-16
-12
section Lift
-8
-4
Coefficients for the NACA-0012
Airfoilat ReynoldsNumbersof 0,36x 106and 0.70x 106
NACA-0012
A Increasing
ct
E
-20
Airfoil Section
-16
-12
-8
-4
12
Angle of Attack,
16
20
a (deg)
Figure 5. Section Lift Coefficients for the NACA.0012
Airfoil at Reynolds Numbers of 0.86 x 106 and 1.76 x 106
24
NACA-0012H Airfoil Section
o Increasing a
_ A Increasing o,
-24
-20
-16
-12
-8
-4
12
16
20
24
Angle of Attack, a (deg)
I
I
I
1
I
I
i
w
#
- 1.4
Figure
6. Section
Lift Coefficients
for the NACA-0012H
Airfoil
at Reynolds
Numbers
of 0.36 x 106 and 0.70 x 106
.
NACA-0015
[:
-24
Increasing
Decreasing a }
Increasing
Ct Re = f)68 x
}
Decreasing a)
-20
.1.4
a Re = 0.36 x 106
-16
-12
106
-8
Airfoil Section
1.2
-4
Angle of Attack, u (deg)
Figure 7. Section Lift Coefficients for the NACA-0015
Airfoil at Reynolds Numbers of 0.36 x 106 and 0.68 x 106
81
1 .4
1.2- NACA-0012H
~~ l.o ~
.;
0.8-
;
.~
a
0.6-
NACA-0012
NACA-0009
6
0 .4 -
0.2- -
1
-24
I
-20
I
-16
I
-12
I
-8
I
-4
16
12
20
24
-0.4
NACA-0009
NACA-0012
-0.6
/~
\\\v
-0.8
i
NA(7-.O012H
-1.2 -
-1.4
I
Figure t3.Section Lift Coefficients for Four Airfoil Sections at an ApproximateReynoldsNumberof 0.70 x 106
82
-o
-o
-1.0
-1.2
Angle
of Attack,
Figure 9. Full Range Section Lift Coefficients for the NACA-0009
a (deg)
Airfoil at Reynolds Numbers
of
0.36x
106, 0.50 x 106, and 0.69x
106
,-,
I
-o
-o
-o
-1
-1

Figure 10. Full Range Section Lift Coefficients for the NACA-0012
Airfoil at Reynolds Numbem of 0.36 x 106, 0.50 x 106, and 0.70 x 106
e
G
.-
-2
.3
~:
o-
Angle
Figure 11. Full Range Section Lift Coefficients for the NACA-0012H
of Attack,
a (deg)
Airfoil at Reynolds Numbers of 0.36 x 106, 0.49 x 106, and 0.70 x 106
!1
I I
#
II
Iz
I!IIIIIIMI
FEiFFFF
II
II
1-
IL
G
.:
:
(n
u
M
c
2
,.
86
c+
$1
00<
d-
-i-t-wmi
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I
00
llnll
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z
2
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Hi
I
o
.
w
0
.
x
m
w
0
II
u
1-
A
w
3
0
0
0
0
0.032
I
$
0.028
0.024
y 0.020 k
z
.3
&
~
: 0.016 ,
A
0
1
0.012
0
:
El
0.008
0.004
ORe
= 0.36x
Re= 0.50x
NACA-0012
106
Airfoil Section
106
A Re = 0.70 x 106
.
20
0.0
-16
-12
-8
-4
Angle
0
of Attack,
12
16
a (deg)
Figure 14. Section Drag Coefficients for the NACA-0012 Airfoil at Small Angles of Attack and Reynolds Numbers of 0.36 x 106, 0.50x 106, and
0.70 x 106
C4
89
0.032
0.028
El
o
0.024
n
_
~v 0.020
E
.3
&
~
u
%
d
A
0.016
A
0
1
.0
0
0
f-J
0
n
0.012
A
A
0.008
ORe
= 0.36x
NACA - 012H
106
Airfoil Section
0.004
Re=O.49x
106
A Re=O.70x
106
0.0
i
-16
-12
-8
-4
Angle
Figure 16. Section Drag Coefficients for the NACA-0012H

and 0.70 x 106
0
of Attack,
4
4
12
16
a (deg)
Airfoil at Small Angles of Attack and Reynolds Numbers of 0.36 x 106, 0.49x
106,
20
o
c-i
co
c!
2.2
2.0
~ Re = 0.36 x 106
Re=O.50x
106
ARe=O.70x
106
1.8
NACA-0009 Airfoil Section
0
8%
Q:
08
~n
1.6
Jln
oeoa
o
A
o
9
8
:1.4
~
%
1.2
~
..-U
~
u
!!
8
(a
!2
1.0
E
8
0.8
8
ee
0.6
8b
t)
0.4
fin
fli
f
0.2-
t)
#
0 Kl!l@
10
20
30
40
50
Figure 18. Full Range Section
60
Drag Coefficients
70
80
6)
90
100
110
for the NACA-0009
Airfoil at Reynolds
120
Numbers
130
140
150
160
of 0.36 x 106, 0.50 x 106, and 0.69 x 106
170
A
180
2.2
2.0
,
I
0 Re=O.36x
106
Re= ().5()x 106
1.8 A Re =Oe69x 106
o
~~g::
1.6
6
08
A
OA
A
~ 1.4
u
06
:
k
o
E
1
A
0
.gg
A
1
1.2
8
00
a
o
1.0
%
u
--8
0.8
f3
0.6 -
f3
~
0.4
o
.9
0.2.
[
o
0~
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
110
120
130
140
150
160
Angle of Attack, u (deg)

Figure 19. Full Range Section Drag Coefficients
for the NACA.0012
Airfoil at Re~nold~ Numbers
of 0.36 x 106, 0.50 x 106, and 0.70 x 106
Ii
170
n
180
2.2-
2.0
0 Re=O$36x
106
0 Re=O.49x
106
A Re= 0.70x
106
NACA-0012H Airfoil Section

1.8
0 d
Pi -,
$?? 3
El
8
1 !?
1.6
-J
6
2
1.4
G
:
%
1.2
jj
.<
g
2
c1
1.0
iu
6
0.8
(
n
0.6.
t!!
c)
0.4
6
B0.2.
(3
0 ~
p a
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
Angle of Attack,
100
110
120
130
140
150
160
~ (deg)
Figure 20. Full Range Section Drag Coefficients for the NACA-OCJIZHAirfoil at Reynolds Numbers Of0.36 x 106, 0,49 x 106, and 0.70 x 106
170
180
2.2
,
2.0
1.8
A Re= 0.68x
I
106
1.6
1.4
-d
u
g
&
%
o
.+
.-o
*
~
u
1.2
0.8
0.6
0.4
El
h
n
0.2
o&clZm o @
10
P
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
110
120
140
130
150
160

Figure 21. Full Range
and O.68 x 106
Section
Drag
Coefficients
forthe
NACA-OO15Airfoil
at ReynoIds
Numbemof
0.36x
106, 0.50x
106,
170
m
180
Angle of Attack,
u (deg)
Figure 22. NACA-0009 Airfoil Section Moment Coefficients About the Quarter Chord for Reynolds Numbers of 0.36 x 106,
0.50 x 106, and 0.69 x 106
96

Figure 23. NACA-0012Airfoil Section MomentCoefficients About the Quarter Chord for Reynolds Numbersof 0.36 x 106,
0.50 x 106, and 0.70 x 106
97
I I I
e= 1.76x
10
1111
I
r RI
-m
1.36 x 106, and 1.76 x 106
98
-4
-,
-2

Figur(! 25. NAC-4-0012HAirfoil Section MomentCoefficients About the Quarter Chord for Reynolds Numbersof 0.36 X
0.49 x 106, and 0.70 x 106
106,
99
Angle of Attack,
Iu 1
a (deg)
0.50 x 106, and 0.68 x 106
100
0.3
I
I
o Re = 0.36 x 10:
Re =0.50x
I()
A Re =0.69x 106
0.2
NACA-OO09Airfoil Section
0.1
0.0( A
-0.1
~
v~ .0.2
.
g
:2
g -0.3
s
z
~
-0.4
$l@
20
k :
30
I
5
0 1
En
Aao
b
40
50
~oO-
A
r
AOUA
AA
0
o
6f)
7f)
on
80
00
100
$3
E
:
-0.5
140
150
130
A
A
120
160
oRB
A
8
E/
4AP
00
o
00
-0.6
0 o
-0.7
Angle of Attack,
a (deg)
Figure27. Full RangeSection MomentCoefficientsAboutthe QuarterChord for the NACA-0009Airfoil at ReynoldsNumbersof 0.36 x 106,
0.50 x 106, and 0.69 x 106
170
; >A
110
1
1
AQ
90
:R
o
lgo
n
0.3
1
I
I
I
I
~ Re =0.36x 106
Re= 0.50x
106
~ Re=O.70x
106
&
0.2
I
I
0.1
0.0( A
.2
o
0
P
10
20
B
T
~
-0.1
E
$ -0.2 .+
.-u
$
G
.().3
E/
0. .E1
~lo
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
120
,
110
140
130
150
160
170
18ti
o
*
o
A
o
B
AU o
0--t-
0
Rk
E
ii
30
-0.4
>
A8
*P
o
I
A..
A~-
A~
JJLt_-
5111~_
_.1.l
l!
00
o
r
A
-~
~f;
?
0
-0.5
AH
c1
r
A
0
-0.6
-0.7
Figure 28. Full Range Section Moment Coefficients
0.50 x 106, and 0.70 x 106
About the Quarter Chord for the NACA-0012
Airfoil at Reynolds
Numbers of 0.36 x 106,
Ill
Airfoil Section
0.3
ORe=O.36xlo6
Re= 0.49x
ARe=o.7ox
0.2
NACA-0012H
106,
lo6
0.1
0.0( ).@ n
$4
10 d
20
30
40
50
60
70
A
?
~
n
-0.1
j
~
.-0
.+
%
~
u
fQ
A
-0.2
o
8
120
140
130
150
160
170
AA
zl~p
0
o
A
A
o
A.
El
t
o
A
o
o~6
E
OA
-0.5
110
AOOO
-0.4
100
Q~ A 0:
on
-0.3
90
To
A
0
;
g
80
4
o
~~ga
\
A
-0.6 r
-0.7
Angle of Attack, cx (deg)
Figure29. Full RangeSectionMomentCoefficientsAboutthe QuarterChordfor the NACA-0012HAirfoil at ReynoldsNumbersof 0.36 x 106,
0.49 x 106J and 0.70 x 106
z
i
f3
0
180
f
0.3
,
0 Re = 0.36x
II
1
106
Re = 0.50x
A Re = o.68x
0.2
I
I
I
106
lo6
0.1
Ooi ~
-o.i
n
~
f.j~
I
10
-20
0
30
$~o
50
70
80
90
A0
~AD-g
I
oh
AL
150
160
170
180
I
0 0
~
1
galfj
3
A o~
t
A
A * ~
1A
60 B : ~
00
I
1
L
RIJ?A
o
-0.6
140
o
-0.5
130
AL
-0.4
120
110
*
-0.3
60
1
:Fr
4.2
40
&
100
Q$
L
0
o
-0.7
+
Figure 30. Full Range Section MomentCoefficients About the QuarterChord for a NACA-0015Airfoil at ReynoldsNumbersof 0.36 x 106,
0.50 x 106, and 0.68 x 106
0.32
0.28
0.24
0.20
0.16
0.12
0.08
0.04
0.0
-0.04
-0.08
-0.12
-0.16
Angle
of Attack,
a (deg)
Figure 31. Full Range Section Axial Force Coefficients for the NACA-0012 Airfoil at Reynolds Numbers of 0,36 x 106, 0.50x 106, and 0.70x 106
0.32
0.28
0.24
0.20
0.16
Angle
of Attack,
a (deg)
Figure 32. Fu1l Range Section Axial Force Coefficients for the NACA-OOIZH Airfoil at Reynolds Numbers of 0.36 x 106, 0.49x
4?
106, and 0.70 x 106
-1
Angle
of Attack,
a (deg)
Figure 33. Full Range Section Axial Force Coefficients for the NACA-0015 Airfoil at Reynolds Numbers of 0.36 x 106,0.50x 106, and 0.68x 106
0.06-
1 1
I I I
I 1 1
I 1 I I
I I 1
I I
0 Eppler Data
0.05
~o
v
.
~
.2
0.04
8
v
on
0.03 -
Wichita State U.
Minimum Drag Coefficient for

the NACA-0015 Airfoil
~
.[
0.02
0.01
0.0
I I I II
I I 1 I
~04
~05
1 I
1 1
106
Figure 34. Predictedand MeasuredValues of MinimumSection Drag coefficients, c do,

as a Function of Reynolds Number,Re
108
~07
1 I I II
1 I I
1 I 1
I 1 I I
Maximum Lift Coefficient

for the NACA-0015 Airfoil
O Eppler Data
1 ,,,
[,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,
Wichita State U.
,,,,,,
Reynolds Number, Re
Figure 35. Predictedand MeasuredValues of Section MaximumLift Coefficients, c
/max
as a Function of ReynoldsNumber,Re
109
110
-.
VI
-.
Q.
I
*
o
0
0
oa
o
0
do
o
I
q
m.
0
1
.
o
I
o
0.
.0
I
+
.
.
r-
v)
co
H
0
111
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Aerodynamic Coefficients

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Iaaued by Sandiss National Laboratories.

in the United States of America

Coordinates for the Modified NACA-0012 (NACA-0012H)

Lift and Drag Coefficients for the NACA-0012 Airfoil (104 s Re

Lift and Drag Coefficients for the NACA-0015 Airfoil (104 s Re

Lift and Drag Coefficients for the NACA-0018 Airfoil (104 s Re

Lift and Drag Coefficients for the NACA-0021 Airfoil (104 = Re

Variation of the Chord Reynolds Number at the Equatorial

%ction Lift Coefficients for the NACA-0009 Airfoil at Reynolds

Section Lift Coefficients for the NACA-0012 Airfoil at Reynolds

%ction Lift Coefficients for the NACA-0012 Airfoil at Reynolds

Section Lift Coefficients

%:ction Lift Coefficients for the NACA-0015 Airfoil at Reynolds

Full Range Section Lift Coefficients for the NACA-0009 Airfoil

Full Range Section Lift Coefficients for the NACA-0012 Airfoil

Section Drag Coefficients

Full Range Section Drag Coefficients for the NACA-0012 Airfoil

Full Range Section Drag Coefficients

Full Range Section Lift Coefficients

Full Range Section Moment Coefficients

Full Range Section Moment Coefficients

Full Range Section Moment Coefficients

Full Range Section Moment Coefficients

Full Range Section Axial Force Coefficients for the NACA-0012

Full Range Section Axial Force Coefficients

Full Range Section Axial Force Coefficients for the NACA-0015

Predicted and Measured Values of Minimum

axial force coefficient,

section drag per unit span/q~c

axial force per unit span/q~c

Vm Free stream wind velocity

Tip speed ratio, &

about the turbine

l.%) Free stream viscosity

Airfoil Section Models

NACA-O012 provided by Raymond M. Hicks of NASA/Ames Research Center.i The modification

obtain the hysteresis loop in the region of airfoil stall.

The component of force that makes a vertical axis

Data obtained in this manner beyond 20 deg become

Reynolds Number Extrapolation

as calculated by the conservation

use with vertical axis wind turbines performance

E. N. Jacobs and A. Sherman, Air/oil Section Characteristics as

L. Loftin, Jr., and H. A. Smith, Aerodynamic Characteristics of 15

1, H. Abbott and A, E. Von Doenhoff, Theory of Wing Sections,

Information jor Users of the Walter H. Beech Memorial Low-Speed

A. Pope and J. J. Harper, Low-Speed Wind Tunnel Testing, (New

R. Eppler, Turbulent Airfoils for General Aviation, Journal of

P. C. Klimas and R. E. French, A Users Manual for the Vertical

1. H. Strickland, B. T. Webster, T. Nmven,

Fluid Dynamic Drag, Midland Park, New Jersey,

the Darrieus Turbine: An Analytical and Experimental

Table 1. Coordinates for the Modified NACA-0012

Table 2. Lift and Drag Coefficients for the

Airfoil (104 s Re s 107

Table !!. (cent)

Table :3. (cent)

Table :3. (cent)

Rotation Angle, (3 (deg)

Speed of 46 rpm (4.82 rad/s)

Rotation Angle, 0 (deg)

Plane of the 17-Metre