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Agenda
Introduction
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Quantities estimates:
Ratio from past projects
Material Take-Off
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Construction market
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Sensitivity to:
Construction market
Raw materials
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Purpose of estimate:
Concept screening
Study of feasibility
Decision to invest
Estimate type:
Capacity factored
Equipment factored
Analytical
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Purpose of estimate:
Concept screening
Study of feasibility
Decision to invest
Estimate type:
Capacity factored
Equipment factored
Analytical
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Capacity factored
e
C1/C2 = (P1/P2)
e ~ 0.6
Ci: Cost of facility with production
capacity Pi
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Capacity factored
e
C1/C2 = (P1/P2)
e ~ 0.6
Ci: Cost of facility with production
capacity Pi
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Capacity factored
e
C1/C2 = (P1/P2)
e ~ 0.6
Ci: Cost of facility with production
capacity Pi
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Capacity factored
e
C1/C2 = (P1/P2)
e ~ 0.6
Ci: Cost of facility with production
capacity Pi
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Equipment factored
C=fM
C: total installed cost of facility
M: cost of main equipment
f: factor
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Equipment factored
C=fM
C: total installed cost of facility
M: cost of main equipment
f: factor
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Equipment factored
C=fM
C: total installed cost of facility
M: cost of main equipment
f: factor
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Equipment factored
C=fM
f: factor
f depends on
type of facility (petrochemical, refining, LNG, off-shore)
Size
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Equipment factored
C=fM
f: factor
f depends on
type of facility (petrochemical, refining, LNG, off-shore)
Size
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Equipment factored
C = fi Mi
Mi Cost of all type i Main equipment
fi: factor
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Equipment factored
C = fi Mi
Mi Cost of all type i Main equipment
fi: factor
Why do you think justifies such an approach?
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Equipment factored
C = fi Mi
Mi Cost of all type i Main equipment
fi: factor
Why do you think justifies such an approach?
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Equipment factored
C = fi Mi
Mi Cost of all type I Main equipment
fi: factor
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Analytical
Main equipment supply + install
Piping supply + install
Electrical supply + install
Instrumentation & Control system supply + install
Civil Works
Steel structures
Painting, Insulation
Temporary construction facilities
Engineering & Project Management
Miscellaneous
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Analytical
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Analytical
Main equipment supply + install
Piping supply + install
Electrical supply + install
Instrumentation & Control system supply + install
Civil Works
Steel structures
Painting, Insulation
Temporary construction facilities
Engineering & Project Management
Miscellaneous
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Important note: the above ratios and the following ones - are the ones obtained by large EPC
Contractors ordering large quantities (USD 1bln jobs). Higher ratios must be used on smaller jobs!
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Analytical
Main equipment supply + install
Piping supply + install
Electrical supply + install
Instrumentation & Control system supply + install
Civil Works
Steel structures
Painting, Insulation
Temporary construction facilities
Engineering & Project Management
Miscellaneous
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f (eqt number)
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f (eqt number)
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f (eqt number)
Remark: Unit vs Interconnection
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P&IDs
H&M balance
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PFDs
P&IDs
H&M balance
Equipment list
Plot Plan
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Piping Layout
P&IDs
Plot Plan
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MTO
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MTO
Item count: P&IDs
Lengths:
Piping Layout
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MTO
Item count: P&IDs
Lengths:
Piping Layout
Both Process & Utility lines
Both Above Ground & Underground lines, Fire water
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MTO
Item count: P&IDs
Lengths:
Piping Layout
Both Process & Utility lines
Both Above Ground & Underground lines, Fire water
Allowances added for:
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Item count: P&IDs
Lengths:
Piping Layout
Both Process & Utility lines
Both Above Ground & Underground lines
Allowances added for:
what is not taken-off, e.g., small diameter and design
development (P&ID completion) to obtain quantities
to erect
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MTO
Item count: P&IDs
Lengths:
Piping Layout
Both Process & Utility lines
Both Above Ground & Underground lines
Allowances added for:
what is not taken-off, e.g., small diameter and design
development (P&ID completion) to obtain quantities
to erect
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MTO
Item count: P&IDs
Lengths:
Piping Layout
Both Process & Utility lines
Both Above Ground & Underground lines
Allowances added for:
what is not taken-off, e.g., small diameter and design
development (P&ID completion) to obtain quantities
to erect
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Price ratio
% Main equipment, typ. 15-20%
Quantities:
Consumers list
Rate (supply+install):
USD 50k / consumer (w/o
generation)
USD 520 / installed kW
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Consumers list
Plot Plan
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Consumers list
Plot Plan
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Price ratio
Qties
Rate
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Price ratio
Qties
Rate
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Price ratio
Qties
Rate
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Civil Works
Price Ratio
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Civil Works
Price Ratio % Main equipment cost, typ. 15-20%
Qty
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Civil Works
Price Ratio % Main equipment cost, typ. 15-20%
Qty
Dimensions/Weight of equipment &
structure => size of foundations (m3)
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Civil Works
Price Ratio % Main equipment cost, typ. 15-20%
Qty
Dimensions/Weight of equipment &
structure => size of foundations (m3)
Rate
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Civil Works
Price Ratio % Main equipment cost, typ. 15-20%
Qty
Dimensions/Weight of equipment &
structure => size of foundations (m3)
Rate
all-in (materials & labour) rate $/m3, typ. 1000
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Civil Works
Price Ratio
Qty
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Civil Works
Price Ratio
Qty
Rate
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Steel structures
Price Ratio
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Steel structures
% Main equipment cost, typ. 10-30%
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Price Ratio
Qty Ratio
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Steel structures
% Main equipment cost, typ. 10-30%
pipe-racks: 90% of piping weight
platforms: 10% of equipment weight
Price Ratio
Qty Ratio
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Steel structures
Rate
Price Ratio
Qty Ratio
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Steel structures
Rate
Price Ratio
Qty Ratio
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Analytical
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Painting, Insulation
Price ratio
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Painting, Insulation
Price ratio
Qty
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Painting, Insulation
% eqt, piping, str cost, typ. 5% each
MTO
supply + install h / m2
typ. 0,5 for painting 1,5 for (hot) insul.
Price ratio
Qty
Rate
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Analytical
Main equipment supply + install
Piping supply + install
Electrical supply + install
Instrumentation & Control system supply + install
Civil Works
Steel structures
Painting, Insulation
Temporary construction facilities
Engineering & Project Management
Miscellaneous
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Ratio
Detailed
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Analytical
Main equipment supply + install
Piping supply + install
Electrical supply + install
Instrumentation & Control system supply + install
Civil Works
Steel structures
Painting, Insulation
Temporary construction facilities
Engineering & Project Management
Miscellaneous
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Price ratio
Qty ratio
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Price ratio
% total cost, typ. 15%
Qty ratio
hrs / eqt item, typ.
1800 for Refining,
2500 for gas, 4000 for LNG
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Price ratio
Qty
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Price ratio
Qty
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Analytical
Main equipment supply + install
Piping supply + install
Electrical supply + install
Instrumentation & Control system supply + install
Civil Works
Steel structures
Painting, Insulation
Temporary construction facilities
Engineering & Project Management
Miscellaneous
Contractors cost
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Miscellaneous
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Analytical
Main equipment supply + install
Piping supply + install
Electrical supply + install
Instrumentation & Control system supply + install
Civil Works
Steel structures
Painting, Insulation
Temporary construction facilities
Engineering & Project Management
Miscellaneous
Contractors cost
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Contractors cost
profit,
risks,
sales cost,
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Contractors cost
profit, typ. 7%
risks,
sales cost,
typ. 10-15%
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Main features:
Different level of Cost estimate accuracy
Feasibility study +/-30% accuracy
Final Investment Decision (FID) +/- 10%
Which of the methods we have seen would you use for
each case?
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Main concepts:
Different level of Cost estimate accuracy
Factored / Detailed
Qty estimate: allowances for design development
Rates:
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Historical evolution:
+ Increased instrumentation & control costs
- Engineering low cost centers
- Low cost sourcing 20% cheaper
- Increase in productivity (3D model)
+ Additional requirements: safety, environment
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Discipline presentation:
activities and deliverables
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Discipline presentation:
activities and deliverables
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Difference between
Engineering and Shop
drawings
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Understand what
drives the Project
schedule
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Implement powerful
procedures
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Request meaningful
progress reports
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Implement effective
Project Control
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