Salt March: The Salt March, also mainly known as the Salt Satyagraha, began with

the Dandi March on 12 March 1930, and was an important part of the Indian
independence movement. It was a direct action campaign of tax resistance and
nonviolent protest against the British salt monopoly in colonial India, and triggered
the wider Civil Disobedience Movement. This was the most significant organised
challenge to British authority since the Non-co-operation movement of 192022,
and directly followed the Purna Swaraj declaration of independence by the Indian
National Congress on 26 January 1930.
The Rowlatt Act was a legislative act passed by the Imperial Legislative
Council in London on March 10, 1919, indefinitely extending "emergency
measures" (of the Defence of India Regulations Act) enacted during the First World
War in order to control public unrest and root out conspiracy in India. Passed on
the recommendations of the Rowlatt Committee and named after its president,
British judge Sir Sidney Rowlatt, this act effectively authorized the government to
imprison any person suspected of terrorism living in the Raj for up to two years
without a trial, and gave the imperial authorities power to deal with all
revolutionary activities. The unpopular legislation provided for stricter control of
the press, arrests without warrant, indefinite detention without trial, and juryless in
camera trials for proscribed political acts. The accused were denied the right to
know the accusers and the evidence used in the trial.[1] Those convicted were
required to deposit securities upon release, and were prohibited from taking part in
any political, educational, or religious activities.
The Jallianwala Bagh massacre, also known as the Amritsar massacre, was a seminal
event in the British rule of India. On 13 April 1919, a crowd of non-violent protesters,
along with Baishakhi pilgrims, had gathered in the Jallianwala Bagh garden in
Amritsar, Punjab to protest against the arrest of two leaders despite a curfew which had
been recently declared.[1] On the orders ofBrigadier-General Reginald Dyer, the army
fired on the crowd for ten minutes, directing their bullets largely towards the few open
gates through which people were trying to run out. The figures released by the British
government were 370 dead and 1200 wounded. Other sources place the number dead at
well over 1000. This "brutality stunned the entire nation",[2] resulting in a "wrenching loss
of faith" of the general public in the intentions of Britain.[3] The ineffective inquiry and
the initial accolades for Dyer by the House of Lords fuelled widespread anger, leading to
the Non-cooperation Movement of 192022