1.Putthefollowingwordsintothecorrectsentences.

Usethe
LongmanDictionary
ifnecessary.
sympathetic

winded

terrified

embarrassed

depressed

peckish

dejected

stiff

drowsy

offended

dizzy

despondent

homesick

relieved

sober

preoccupied

tense

weary

nostalgic

disappointed

hoarse

faint

disgusted

furious

upset

thrilled

amazed

listless

unconscious

1. Myfatherwas
__________
whenItoldhimthatIhadcrashedhiscar.Idon'tthinkIhave
everseenhimsoangry.

2. Afterwalkingfor6hours,wewereso
__________
thatwecouldn'tgoon.

3. Ialwaysfeel
__________
whenIlookdownfromthetopofahighbuilding.

4. Mylegsarereally
__________
afterallthatrunningwedidyesterday.

5. Theboxerhithisopponentsohardthathewasknocked
__________
.

6. Ifeelabit
__________
.DoyoumindifIhelpmyselftoasandwich?

7. Alisonwasrather
__________
whensheheardthatshehadnotbeenacceptedforthe


MastersprogrammeatUBC.

8. WhenIfirstmovedtoSwedenIfeltvery
__________
ImissedCanadasomuch.

9. Shewasreally
__________
whensheheardthatshehadgotthejob.

10. Ispoketoher,butshewastoo
__________
tonoticeme.

11. AftersingingalleveningIfoundthatIcouldscarcelytalk.Afterwardsmyvoice
wasreally
__________
.

12. Mysisterwas
__________
whenherfriend'salsatianstartedbarkingather.

13. Shewasvery
__________
whenItoldherthatIhadlostmyjob.

14. Ifeltso
__________
whenmymotherstartedtellingmygirlfriendaboutthestrangehabits
IusedtohavewhenIwasachild.

15. Thecentreforwardwastemporarily
__________
whenhewaskickedinthestomach
goingfortheball.

16. WhenMaryrefusedtogooutwithhim,Johnfeltquite
__________
.

17. Youlook
__________
Alan.Cheerup!Thingscan'tbethatbad.

18. Thesightofbloodalwaysmakesmefeel
__________
.

19. Listeningto'SheLovesYou'bytheBeatlesmademefeelvery
__________
.

20. Shefeltvery
__________
whenthedoctortoldherthatitwasn'tcancer.

21. Lyinginthesunmademefeelpretty
__________
.


22. Amandawasso
__________
whenshefailedherdrivingtest.Shehadreallysether
heartonpassingitfirsttime.

23. ThehotelroomwassodirtythatIfeltthoroughly
__________
andcomplainedtothe
manager.

24. Mycousinwasdeeply
__________
whenIdidn'tinvitehimtomywedding.

25. Whenweheardthathehadpassedtheexamwewereall
__________
.Noonehad
thoughthewoulddoit.

26. Ihatetheheatitmakesmefeelso
__________
Ijustdon'twanttomoveordoanything.

27. Hetoldmethatwhenhiswifelefthimhefeltterribly
__________
.Lifedidn'tseemworth
living,andheevencontemplatedcommittingsuicide.

28. Ifeltvery
__________
beforetheinterview.ButonceIactuallystartedtalking,Ibeganto
relax.

29. Althoughhewasperfectly
__________
whenhearrivedattheparty,by11:30,hewasas
drunkaseveryoneelse.

2.Readthetext.Usethe
LongmanDictionary
ifnecessarybutnote
thatitisnotessentialtounderstandeveryword.Thenanswerthe
questions:

Thebrainisthemostcomplexorganinthehumanbody.Itproducesoureverythought,action,
memory,feelingandexperienceoftheworld.Thisjellylikemassoftissue,weighingaround1.4
kilograms,containsastaggeringonehundredbillionnervecells,orneurons.Eachneuroncan
makecontactwithtensofthousandsofothers,viatinystructurescalledsynapses.Ourbrainsform
amillionnewconnectionsforeverysecondofourlives.Thepatternandstrengthofthe
connectionsisconstantlychangingandnotwobrainsarealike.Itisinthesechangingconnections
thatmemoriesarestored,habitslearnedandpersonalitiesshaped,byreinforcingcertainpatterns
ofbrainactivity,andlosingothers.

Whilepeopleoftenspeakoftheir'greymatter',the
brainalsocontainswhitematter.Thegreymatteris
thecellbodiesoftheneurons,whilethewhitematter
isthebranchingnetworkofthreadliketendrils
calleddendritesandaxonsthatspreadoutfromthe
cellbodiestoconnecttootherneurons.Thebrain
alsohasanother,morenumeroustypeofcell,called
glialcells.Theseoutnumberneuronstentimesover.
Oncethoughttobesupportcells,theyarenowknowntoamplifyneuralsignalsandtobeas
importantasneuronsinmentalcalculations.Therearemanydifferenttypesofneuron,onlyoneof
whichisuniquetohumansandtheothergreatapes,thesocalledspindlecells.

Brainstructureisformedpartiallybygenes,butlargelybyexperience.Onlyrelativelyrecentlyit
wasdiscoveredthatnewbraincellsarebeingbornthroughoutourlivesaprocesscalled
neurogenesis.Thebrainhasburstsofgrowthandthenperiodsofconsolidation,whenexcess
connectionsarepruned.Themostnotableburstsareinthefirsttwoorthreeyearsoflife,during
puberty,andalsoafinalburstinyoungadulthood.Howabrainagesalsodependsongenesand
lifestyletoo.Exercisingthebrainandgivingittherightdietcanbejustasimportantasitisforthe
restofthebody.

Theneuronsinourbrainscommunicateinavarietyofways.Signalspassbetweenthembythe
releaseandcaptureofneurotransmitterandneuromodulatorchemicals.Someneurochemicals
workinthesynapse,passingspecificmessagesfromreleasesitestocollectionsites,called
receptors.Othersalsospreadtheirinfluencemorewidely,likearadiosignal,makingwholebrain
regionsmoreorlesssensitive.

1.Choosethecorrectwordtocompleteeachsentence.Lookfor
wordsthattheunderlinedwordscombinewithinthearticle.

1.Theskinisthelargestorganin
the

__________

body
.

2.Psychologistsdisagreeastohowexactly
memoriesare

__________
inthebrain.

3.Humanssharealmostalloftheirgeneswiththeother
__________

apes
suchas
gorillas.

4.Aschildrenbecomeyoungadultstheyhave
__________

ofgrowth
.

5.Itisimportantthatanimalsincaptivityaregiven
the

__________

diet
.

6.Peoplehaveapproachedtheproblem
inavarietyof

__________
.

2.Findwordsinthetextwhichhavean
opposite
meaning:
simple(para1)

arefewerthan(para2)

initial(para3)

converge(para2)

diminish(para2)

general(para4)

scarce(para2)

wholly(para3)

restrict(para4)

3.Thesewordsfromthetextcanbeusedinanumberofdifferent
ways.Writesentencesexemplifyingthreedifferentusesforeachof
them:
matter
1.
2.
3.

pass
1.
2.
3.

formed
1.
2.
3.


cells
1.
2.
3.