The Bird with the Gold Dropping

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English
Language
By Ramandeep Singh
ENGLISH LANGUAGE BankExamsToday.com
Index
Chapter 1
Chapter 2
Chapter 3
Chapter 4
Chapter 5
Reading Comprehension
Antonyms
Synonyms
Sentence Arrangements
Grammatical Errors
3-93
94-99
100-104
105-145
146-161

Chapter - 1
Reading Comprehension
Directions (Q. 1-10) Read the following passage carefully and answer
the questions given below it.
A long time ago, on a big tree in the lap of the mountain, lived a bird named
Sindhuka. It was a rather special bird because its droppings turned into gold as
soon as they hit the ground.
One day, a hunter came to the tree in search of prey and he saw Sindhuka's
droppings hit the ground and turn into gold. The hunter was struck with wonder. He
though, "I have been hunting birds and small animals since I was a boy, but in all
my 80 years, I have never seen such a miraculous creature. He decided that he had
to catch the bird somehow. He climbed the tree and skillfully set a trap for the bird.
The bird, quite unaware of the danger it was in, stayed on the tree and sang merrily.
But it was soon caught in the hunter's trap. The hunter immediately seized it and
shoved it into a cage.
The hunter took the bird home joyfully. But as he had time to think over his
good fortune later, he suddenly realised, "If the king comes to know of this wonder,
he will certainly take away the bird from me and he might even punish me for
keeping such a rare treasure all to myself. So it would be safer and more honourable
if I were to go to the king and present the unique bird to him," The next day, the
hunter took the bird to the king and presented it to him in court with great
reverence. The king was delighted t o receive such an unusual and rare gift. He told
his courtiers to keep the bird safe and feed it with the best bird food available.
The king's prime minister though, was reluctant to accept the bird. He
said "O Rajah, how can you believe the word of a foolish hunter accept this bird?
Has anyone in our kingdom ever seen abird dropping gold? The hunter must be
either crazy or telling lies. I think it is best that you release the bird from the cage."
After a little thought, the king felt that his prime minister's words were correct. So
he ordered the bird to be released. But as soon as the door of the cage was thrown
open, the bird flew out, perched itself on a nearby doorway and defecated. To
everyone's surprise, the dropping immediately turned into gold. The king mourned
his loss.
1. Which of the following is possible the most appropriate title for the story?
a) The Skilled Hunter
b) The Kings Prime Minister
c) The Kings Defeat
d) The Bird with the Gold Dropping
e) The Trials and Tribulations of the Foolish Bird Sindhuka
2. Which of the following emotions made the hunter gift the bird to the king?
a) Respect
b) Joy
c) Pride
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d) Fear
e) Awe
3. Which of the following is true according to the story?

a) Birds like Sindhuka were very common in the area near the mountain
b) Sindhuka remained caged for the rest of its life
c) Sindhuka was unaware of the trap laid by the hunter
d) The King, when told to not accept the bird, did not listen to his Prime
Minister
e) All are true
4. Why was the kings Prime Minister reluctant to accept the bird?
a) He believed that the bird would die if caged
b) He know about the hunters habit of lying
c) He believed that the bird would bring bad luck to the king
d) His sources had informed him that the hunter was crazy
e) None of these
5. How did the hunter find Sindhuka?
a) He had read stories about the bird and had set traps at various locations in
the city
b) He followed the birds droppings
c) He was on the lookout for a prey when he chanced upon it
d) People from the city had informed him about the birds whereabouts
e) He was attracted by the birds calls
Directions (Q. 6-8) Choose the word which is most similar in meaning to the
word/group of words printed in bold as used in the passage.
6. Rather
a) Regular
d) But
b) Quite
e) Known
c) Instead
7. Release
a) Free
d) Let expire
b) Vacate
e) Make public
c) Vent
8. Reverence
a) Respect
d) Hope
b) Detail
e) Remembrance
c) Astonishment
Directions (Q. 9-10) Choose the word which is most opposite in meaning to the
word printed in bold as used in the passage.
9. Reluctant
a) True
d) Hesitant
b) Clever
e) Keen
c) Averse
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10. Skilfully
a) Angrily
d) Cheaply
b) Haphazardly
e) Deftly
c) Highly
Directions (Q. 11-19) Read the following passage carefully and answer the
questions given below it.
Once a thief named Kalu had planned to loot the king's treasury. At midnight,
he went to the palace and began to drill a hole in the side wall of the treasury. The
king, who was awake in his bedroom just above the treasury, came out to
investigate the whirring sound. He was dressed in a simple nightgown and the thief
could not recognize him. He asked Kalu who he was and what he was doing. The
latter said, "Sir, I am a thief and intend to loot this treasury. I presume that you are
also a thief and have come with the same intentin. No matter, let us both go inside
and we shall share the loot equally. "Both entered the treasury and divided all the
money and the jewels equally between them.
Inside a locker they found three big diamond pieces. As the thief was puzzled as
to how to divide the three pieces into two portions, the king siggested. "We have
taken away everything else. Let us leave one diamond piece for the poor king and
share the rest equally". Kalu agreed and when he took his leave, the king asked for
his name and address. As Kalu had taken a vow of telling only the truth, he have the
correct information.
The king took away his share of the loot and hid it in his room. Next morning
he asked his Prime Minister to inspect the treasury as he had heard some strange
sounds during the previous night. The Prime Minister saw to his horror that all the
valuables were missing and only a single diamond was left, perhaps inadvertantly,
by the theif. He put the diamond in his oiwn shift pocket as its loss could be
ascribed to the thief and nobody would suspect the Prime Minister. The Prime
Minister went back to the king. The king particularly enquirerd. "Do you mean that
the theif has completely denuded the treasury of its valuables and not a single item
has been left?" The Prime Minister confirmed it. The king asked the chief of police
to bring in Kalu. When Kalu came he was unable to recfognize the king as his
accomplice of the previous night. The king asked him, "Are you the theif who h as
stolen everything from my treasury leaving nothing back?" Kalu confirmed it but
said, "Sir, I did leave one diamond back in the locker as advised by an accomplice
of mine and it should st ill be there." The Prime Minister interrupted saying, "Your
Majesty, this thief is lying. There is nothing left in the locker." The king asked the
police chief to search the pockets of the Prime Minister, from where the missing
diamond was recovered. The kind told his courtiers, "Here is a Prime Minister, who
is a liar and a thief and here is a thief who is at truthful gentleman."
11. The king came out in the middle of the night in order to
a) Help kalu to break into the palace treasury
b) Share the loot equally between Kalu and himself
c) Find out the source of and reason for the sound he had heard
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d) Catch the thief who had come to steal his valuables
e) None of these
12. Kalu could not recognize the king because
a) The king was wearing clothes like those of an ordinary person
b) The kings clothes were covered by a simple nightdown
c) Kalu had never seen the king before
d) Kalu had not seen the king descending from his bedroom
e) None of these
13. Which of the following made the king suspect the Prime Minister? The
Prime Ministers statement that
a) Except for one piece of diamond all other valuables were stolen
b) All the valuables without any exception were stolen from the treasury
c) The thief was lying when he said he had left one diamond back in the
locker
d) The search for the diamond did not yield any favourable result
e) None of these
14. Which of the following horified the Prime Minister?
a) The valuables missing from the kings treasury
b) A piece of diamond left in the locker
c) Certain strange sounds heard by the Prime Minister
d) The fact that the king suspected him of stealth
e) None of these
Directions (Q. 15-17) Choose the word which is most nearly the same in meaning
as the word given in bold as used in the passage.
15. Accomplice
a) Co-traveller
d) Coordinator
b) Collaborator
e) Commuter
c) Controller
16. Ascribed
a) Attributed
d) Withdrew
b) Donated
e) Connected
c) Attached
17. Denuded
a) Uncovered
d) Discarded
b) stripped
e) Abandoned
c) Destroyed
Directions (Q. 18-19) Choose the word which is most opposite in meaning of the
word given in bold as used in the passage.
18. Inadvertently
a) Knowingly
b) Sensibly
c) Indifferently
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d) Unwittingly
19. Previous
a) New
d) Modern
e) Unscrupulously
b) Preceding
e) Subsequent
c) Novel
Banking sector reforms in India were introduced in order to improve
efficiency in the process of financial intermediation. It was expected that banks
would take advantage of the changing operational environment and improve their
performance. Towards this end, the Reserve Bank of India initiated a host of
measures for the creation of a competitive environment. Deregulation of interest
rates on both deposit and lending sides imparted freedom to banks to appropriate
price their products and services. To compete effectively with non-banking entities,
banks were permitted to undertake newer activities like investment banking,
securities trading and insurance business. This was facilitated through amendments
in the relevant acts which permitted PSBs to raise equity from the market up to
threshold limit and also enabling the entry of new private and foreign banks. This
changing face of banking led to an erosion of margins on traditional banking
business, promoting banks to search for newer activities to augment their free
incomes. At the same time, banks also needed to devote focused attention to
operational efficiency in order to contain their transaction costs. Simultaneously
with the deregulation measures prudential norms were instituted to strengthen the
safety and soundness of the banking system. Recent internal empirical research
found that over the period 1992-2003, there has been a discernible improvement in
the efficiency of Indian banks. The increasing trend in efficiency has been fairly
uniform, irrespective of the ownership pattern. The rate of such improvement has,
however, not been sufficiently high. The analysis also reveals that PSBs and private
sector banks in India did not differe significantly in terms of their efficiency
measures. Foreign banks, on the other hand, recorded higher efficiency as compared
with their Indian counterparts.
20. Prudential norms were initiated in the banking sector with a view to
a) Increase operational efficiency
b) Contain the non-performing assets
c) Strengthen the soundness of banking system
d) Improve the custome service
e) None of these
21. Banking sector reforms in India were introduced for the purpose of
a) Giving more and more employment opportunities to the educated
unemployed
b) Taking care of the downtrodden masses
c) Increasing efficiency in the banking activities
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d) Giving better return to the Central Government
e) None of these
22. Banks can control their transaction costs by
a) Restricting their lending activities
b) Undertaking more and more non-banking activities
c) Encouraging the customers to bank with other banks
d) Devoting more attention to operational efficiency
e) None of these
23. The recent internal empirical research conducted by the RBI found that
a) There is cut-throat competition in banking industry
b) The rate of return is not commensurate with the operational cost
c) The rate of improvement has not been high
d) Nationalised banks and private sector banks did differ in the efficiency
measures
e) None of these
24. Which of the following statements recognising improvement in efficiency is
true in the context of the passage?
a) There is no discremible difference in efficiency parameters
b) The foreign banks recorded higher efficiency
c) The efficiency of foreign banks is not comparable with Indian banks
d) The rate of such improvement in efficiency was very high
e) None of these
as the word printed in bold as used in the passage.
25. Relevant
a) Recorded
d) Stringent
b) Opposite
e) Germane
c) Appropriate
26. Augment
a) Make
d) Increase
b) Become
e) Envelop
c) Enlarge
Directions (Q. 27-28) Choose the word that is most opposite of the word printed in
bold as used in the passage.
27. Improve
a) Retard
b) Disprove
c) Prove
d) Accelerate
e) Degenerate
28. Reveal
a) Show
d) Exhibit
b) Conceal
e) None of these
c) Secretive
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King Hutamasan felt he had everything in the World not only due to his
riches and his noble knights, but because of his beautiful queen, Rani Matsya. The
rays of the Sun were put to shame with the iridescent light that Matsya illuminated,
with her beauty and brain. At the right hand of the king, she was known to sit and
aid him in all his judicial probes. You could not escape her deep-set eyes, when you
committed a crime as she always knew the victim and the culprit. Her generosity
preceded her reputation in the kingdom and her hands were always full to give.
People in the kingdom revered her because if she passed by, she always gave to the
compassionate and poor.
Far away from the kingly palace lived a man named Raman with only ends
to his poverty and no means to rectify it. Raman was wrecked with poverty as he
had lost all his land to the landlord. His age enabled him little towards manual
labour and so begging was the only alternative to salvage his wife and children.
Every morning, he went door to door for some work, food or money. The kindness
of people always got him enough to take home. But Raman was a little selfcentered. His World began with him first, followed by his family and the rest. So,
he would eat and drink to his delight and ret urn home with whatever he found
excess. This routine followed and he never let anyone discover his interests as he
always put on a long face, when he reached home.
One day as he was relising the bowl of rice he had just received from a
humble home, he heard that Rani Matsya was to pass from the very place he was
standing. Her g enerosity had reached his ears and he knew if he pulled a long face
and showed how poor he was, she would hand him a bag full of gold coins
enough for the rest of his life, enough to buy food and supplies for his family. He
thought he could keep some coins for himself and only reveal a few to his wife, so
he can fulfil his own wishes.
He ran to the chariot of the Rani and begged her soldiers to allow him to
speak to the queen. Listening to the arguments outside Rani Matsya opened the
curtains of her chariot and asked Raman what he wanted. Raman went on his knees
and praised the queen. I have heard you are most generous and most chaste, show
this beggar some charity. Rani narrowed her brows and asked Raman what he could
give her in return, surprised by such a question, Raman looked at his bowl full of
rice. With spite in him he just pricked up a few grains of rice and gave it to the
queen. Rani Matsya counted the 5 grains and looked at his bowl full of rice and
said, you shall be given what is due to you. Saying this, the chariot galloped away.
Raman abused her under his breath. This he never thought would happen.
How could she ask him for something in return, when she hadnt given him
anything? Irked with anger he stormed home and gave his wife the bowl of rice.
Just then he saw a sack at the entrance. His wife said men had come and kept it
9

there. He opened it to find it full of rice. He put his hand inside and caught hold of a
hard mental only to discover it was a gold coin. Elated he upturned the sack to find
5 gold coins in exact for the five rice grains. If only I had given my entire bowl,
thought Raman, I would have had a sack full of gold.
29. According to the passage, which of the following is definitely true about
Rani Matsya?
A. She was beautiful.
B. She was intelligent.
C. She was kind.
a) Only A
b) Only B
c) Only C
d) A and B
e) All the three
30. What does the phrase pulled a long face as used in the passage mean?
a) Scratched his face
b) Looked very sorrowful
c) Disguised himself
d) Put on makeup
e) None of these
31. What can possibly be the moral of the story?
a) Do onto others as you would want others to do to you
b) Patience is a virtue
c) Winning is not everything, it is the journey that counts
d) Change is the only constant thing in life
e) Teamwork is more we and less me
32. Why was begging the only option for Raman to get food?
a) As Raman belonged to a family of beggars
b) As begging was the easiest way for him to obtain food
c) As Ramans family had forced him to beg
d) As he had lost all his property and was too old to do manual work
e) None of these
33. Which of the following words can be used to describe Raman?
A. Deceitful
B. Selfish
C. Timid
a) Only A
b) Only B
c) A and B
d) B and C
e) All the three
34. What did Raman find after he returned home from his meeting with Rani
Matsya?
a) The Ranis soldiers
b) An empty house
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c) The five grains of rice that he had given to Rani Matsya
d) A sack full of rice and five gold coins
e) None of these
Directions (Q. 35-36) Choose the word/group of words which is most similar in
meaning to the word/group of words printed in bold as used in the passage.
35. Galloped
a) Hurtled
d) Jumped
b) Stumbled
e) Ran
c) Slumbered
36. Revered
a) Remembered
d) Embraced
b) Feared
e) Respected
c) Talked about
Directions (Q. 37-38) Choose the word/group of words which is most opposite in
37. Reveal
a) Stop
d) Pending
b) Conceal
e) Tell
c) Present
38. Elated
a) Afraid
d) Depressed
b) Poor
e) Grounded
c) Happy
Rahul a young householder, used to study the scriptures everyday under a
guru. One day the guru was explaining the following passage from the Upanishads.
No husband is loved by his wife for his own sake but it is all for the sake
of the self ____ No sons are lov ed by their fathers for their sake but it is all for the
sake of the self that the sons become dear to him.
At that stage, Rahul intervened and said, Sir, in my case, both my parents
and my wife love me so dearly for my own sake that if I am delayed by a few
minutes in reach ing home they get highly agitated and if something happens to me
they will die. Guruji said, You shall learn the truth of it tomorrow, when you see
the result of a test I am going to h old. Before going to bed tonight, you must
swallow this herbal powder. As a result, you will lie as if dead tomorrow morning,
but you will be able to hear all that is spoken in your presence. After a few hours,
when the effect of this medicine wears off, you will become normal and get up. You
will see the fun.
Rahul did as instructed and in the morning his wife and parents found him
dead-lying motionless without any pulse or heartbeat. The guruji asked for a jar
full of water and said, I shall draw out all the bad destiny responsible for yhour
11

sons death into this water. One of you will have to drink this water. The one who
drinks will die immediately, while Rahul will be restored to life. Tell me who
among you is prepared to die for him?
Both the parents refused saying, we are old and, helping each other
mutually. If one dies, the other will not have anybody to help. So our drinking the
water is out of question. Rahuls young wife also said, I am very young and have
not seen anything of this world yet. When such old people, who have seen life in its
fulness, do not want to die how can you expect me to volunteer for death?
A brighter idea flashed into the mind if the fat her who told the guruji, Sir,
you are a reunciate and have no relatives to mourn your death. Why dont you drink
the water yourself? We will conduct your funeral in a grand manner.
39. The contents of the passage prove that
a) What the Upanishad states appears to be true
b) Rahuls initial understanding about his family members was true
c) The guru did not have any miraculous power
d) The guru did not have thorough knowledge of scriptures
e) None of these
40. After experimenting as per the gurus plan, Rahul realised that
a) His parents would do anything for his sake
b) His wife would readily sacrifice for his welfare
c) The gurus prediction had proved to be wrong
d) One loves oneself more than one loves anyone else
e) None of these
41. What according to the passage, was the essence of the Upanishad passage?
a) Sons are loved by their fathers for the sake of themselves
b) Relatives are dear to us because we love them
c) Most human beings are not selfish
d) Every persons actions are to gratify himself or herself
e) None of these
42. The guru wanted a jar of water to
a) Drink from as he was very thirsty
b) Extract the bad elements responsible for Rahuls death
c) Give it to Rahuls parents to drink from
d) Sprinkle it on Rahuls dead body to bring him to life
e) None of these
43. Which of the following was proposed by Rahuls father to the guru?
a) He may be given the enchanted water to drink
b) Rahuls wife was the most appropriate person to drink the magical water
c) Rahul be brought back to life without the death of anybody else
d) The guru himself should participate in Rahuls grand funeral
e) None of these
12
Directions: (Q. 44-46) Choose the word which is most opposite in meaning of the
44. Refused
a) Denied
d) Defused
b) Accepted
e) Accomplished
c) Declined
45. Bright
a) Vivid
d) Shadow
b) Dark
e) Stupid
c) Dazzling
46. Agitated
a) Roused
d) Claim
b) Troubled
e) Angered
c) Excited
of the word given in bold as used in the passage.
47. Apprised
a) Respected
d) Shown
b) Valued
e) Informed
c) Assessed
48. Entreated
a) Respected
d) Commanded
b) Implored
e) Managed
c) Desired
Uncle said Luke to the old Sean, You seem to be well fed, though I
know no one looks after you. Nor have I seen you leave your residence at any time.
Tell me how do you manage it?
Because Sean replied, I have a good feed every night at the emperors
orchard. After dark, I go there myself and pick out enough fruits to last a fortnight.
Luke proposed to accompany his uncle to the orchard. Though reluctant
because of Lukes habit of euphoric exhibition of extreme excitement, Sean agreed
to take him along.
At the orchard while Sean hurriedly collected the fruits and left, Luke on
the other hand at the sight of unlimited supply of fruits was excited and lifted his
voice which brought ecmperors men immediately to his side. They seized him and
mistook him as the sole cause of damage to the orchard. Although Luke reiterated
that he was a bird of passage, they pounded him mercilessly before setting him
free.
49. How did old Sean manage to meet his food requirements?
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a) By buying food from the market
b) His nephew Luke took care of his requirements
c) Luke brought fruits from the emperors orchard for Sean
d) He picked up fruits from the emperors orchard
e) The emperor provided him with ample supply of fruits
50. Which of the following is not true in the context of the passage?
a) Sean was a poor and suffering man
b) Luke came to know about the orchard from his uncle
c) Sean initially hesitated to take his nephew along
d) Luke as finally set free
e) Both Sean and Luke collected fruits from Emperors orchard
51. Why was Sean reluctant to take Luke along?
a) Becausre he was a selfish man
b) He feared that Lukes reaction may alert the Emperors men
c) Because Luke could harm him
d) He wanted to bring fruits for Luke himself
e) He knew Luke was a greedy person
52. How often did Sean visit the emperors orchard?
a) Daily
b) Once a month
c) In a period of two weeks
d) Never, his nephew Luke brought fruits for him
e) Everyday during midnight
53. Luke remitted behind at the orchard because he
a) Was greedy and wanted to collect more fruits
b) Waited for the Emperors men to arrest him
c) Lost his composure and started expressing his feelings loudly
d) Had waited for his uncle to return
e) Could not move in the dark
Directions (Q. 54-56) Choose the word/phrase which is most nearly the same in
meaning of the word printed in bold as used in the passage.
54. Reiterated
a) Pleaded
d) Repeated
b) Regurgitated
e) Recapitulated
c) Protested
55. Extreme
a) End
d) Serious
b) High
e) Moderate
c) Severe
56. Reluctant
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a) Disinclined
d) Resistant
b) Opposed
e) None of these
c) Against
57. Pounded
a) Weighed
d) Attended
b) Released
e) Caressed
c) Paid
58. Mercilessly
a) Calmly
d) Forgivably
b) Compassionately
e) Sympathetically
c) Mildly
The King of Kanchi set off to conquer Kamat. He was victorious in battle.
The elephants were laden with sandalwood, ivory gold and precious stones, taken
from the conquered kingdom of Kamat. They would be a part of the victory parade
for his sujbjects. On his way back home he stopped at a temple, finished his prayers
to the goddess and turned to leave. Around his neck, was a garland of scarlet
hibiscus and as was the custom for all, his forehead was anointed with red sandal
paste. His Minister and the court jester were his only companions. At one spot, in a
mango grove by the wayside, they spied some children play. The King said, Let
me go and see what they are playing.
The children had lined up two ros of clay dolls and were playing warriors
and battles. The king asked, Who is fighting with whom? They said, Kamat is at
battle with Kanchi. The king asked, who is winning and who is the loser? The
children puffed their chests up and said, Kamat will win and Kanchi will lose.
The Minister froze in disbelief, the King was furious and the juester burst into
laughter.
The King was soon joined by his troops and the children were still
immersed in their game. The King commanded, Cane them hard. The childrens
parents came running from the nearby village and said, They are nave, it was just
a game, please grant them pardon. The King called his commander and ordred,
Teach these children and the village a slesson so that they never forget the king of
Kanchi. He went back to his camp.
That evening the commander stood before the King. He bowed low in
shame and said, Your Majesty, with the exception of hyenas and vultures, all lie
silent in the village. The Minister said, His Majestys honour has been saved.
The priest said, The goddess has blessed our King. The jester said, Your
highness, please grant me leave to go now. The King asked, But why? The jester
said, I cannot kill, I cannot maim, I can only laugh at Gods gift of life. Trembling
In the face of the Kings anger he bravely continued, If I stay in your Majestys
court, I shall become like you and I shall forget how to laugh.
15
59. Why were the elephants carrying loads of gold and other valuables?
a) This was what the king had looted from Karnat to distribute among his
soldiers as a reward
b) This was the kings offering to the deity out of gratitude for making him
victorious
c) It was what the king had plundered from Karnat to display to the people
of his kingdom as a sign of victory
d) So that the people of the kingdom of Karnat acknowledged him as their
rew ruler
e) None of these
60. Why did the king anoint his head with red sandal paste?
a) As a mark of celebration to show he had been victorious
b) It was the usual practice for all devotees at the temple
c) To show other devotees that he was king
d) To priest requested him to do so
e) To show his soldiers that he had visited the temple
61. What excuse was given for the childrens behaviour?
a) They were disobedient to their parents wishes
b) They were unaware of the true facts of the battle
c) They were upset that their army had lost
d) They were in the habit of lying
e) None of these
62. Which of the following is true in the context of the passage?
a) The king stopped at the temple to see what else could be plundered
b) The people of the village to which the children belonged developed great
respect for the king
c) The commander was ashamed at having obeyed the kings orders to cane
the children
d) The jester was unhappy that the king had defeated the army of karnat
e) None of these
63. Why did the jester resign from his post?
a) He felt that the king was too influenced by the Minister
b) To show that he disapproved of the kings action of punishing the
children
c) He did not want to accompany the king on his war campaign
d) He was no longer able to make the king laugh
e) None of these
64. Why was the king angry with the children?
a) Because the game they were playing was dangerous
b) They had lied him
16

c) They did not recognize him as king
d) They had unknowingly insulted him
e) They were rude to him
65. Froze
a) Cold
d) Stood still
b) Numb
e) Chill
c) Shivered
66. Leave
a) Holiday
d) Permission
b) Transfer
e) Farewell
c) Exit
67. Spied
a) Noticed
d) Spot
b) Keep watch
e) Caught
c) Followed
68. Immersed in
a) Safe from
d) Drowning in
b) Distracted from
e) Entertained by
c) Boring
69. Pardon
a) Punishment
d) Intolerance
b) Excuse
e) Imprison
c) Convict
Directions (Q. 70-77) Read the passage carefully and answer the questions
given below it. Certain words/phrases are given in bold to help you locate them
while answering some of the questions.
Various measures have been deployed to combat food inflation. Subsidies
on food and fertilisers, imports of food as well as regulations to prevent hoarding
farm produce did succeed in stabilising prices from time to time. But such crisis
management has been able to provide only short lived relief, and prices have gone
up from 2007.
Bringing down food inflation will benefit the consumer, but make prices
unattractive to farmers. This will accentuate poverty. Unremunerative prices
discourage investments in agriculture, causing supply side shortages, fueling
inflation further. So, the most effective way of prices, ploughing a larger share of
the consumer spend back to the farmer.
First we need to lower transaction costs. The Agricultural Produce Market
Committee Acts mandate all farm produce should be brought to mandis for farmer
17

pays to transport his produce over loing distances, before knowing the price at
which his produce would be sold, or whether any other market would have paid a
better price.
The journey from farm to consumer involves multiple levels of
transportation, handling expenses, commissions of agents and a mandi cess, adding
nearly 20% cost to food prices. This absurdity was acknowledged years ago, and a
new Model APMC Act recommended by the Centre in 2003.
This Model Act must be implemented in all states. Unless farmers have the
freedom to sell at farm-gate or other transparent platforms directly to buyers,
transaction costs will remain high and drive consumer prices higher. Next, we need
to cut wastage. Anywhere from, 5% to 40% of food is wasted along the chain,
depending on the perishability of the crop and the season. First, market instruments
must empower farmers to produce as per tommorrows demand, rather than be
guided by yesterdats prices.
If the Forward Contracts Regulation Act is amended to permit trading in
options, farmers are assured of a minimum price when sowing, based on future
projections simulated by a market consensus. This will align production volumes to
future demand conditions and minimise wastage.
70. What has been the overall effect of the various measures taken to combat
food inflation?
a) Such measures have successfully stablisied prices of food items for a
longer period
b) Such measures have proved ineffective in the long run, and the prices
have gone up.
c) Such measures could provide only a short lived relief
d) Only b) and c)
71. What prompted the Centre to bring about a new Model APMC Act? Select
the most appropriate option.
a) The earlier version of the APMC Act forced the farmers to bear huge
transportation cost
b) The APMC Act provided that every farmer had to sell his produce only
in man di and that also through agents.
c) APMC Act was not acceptable to farmers, and on several occasions they
had expressed their resentment against the said Act.
d) The APMC Act could not provide relief to farmers, rather it led the food
prices to costlier by 20%.
72. Which of the following statements is contrary to the facts mentioned in the
given passage?
a) Unremunerative prices discourage investment in agriculture resulting
into supply side shortage
b) To contain food inflation the consumer prices should be lowered.
c) Market instruments must empower farmers to produce as per yesterdays
demand.
18

d) The new Model of APMC Act was recommended by the centre to lower
the transaction cost.
73. Choose the word/group of words which is most similar in meaning to the
Absurdity
a) Logic
b) Wisdom
c) Folly
d) Seriousness
e) None of these
Virtual
a) Real
b) Practical
c) Authentic
d) Actual
e) None of these
Simulated
a) Unexpected
b) Classified
c) Delivered
d) Imitated
e) None of these
76. Choose the word/group of words which is most opposite in meaning of the
Accentuate
a) Alleviate
b) Increase
c) Accentuate
d) Highlight
e) None of these
word/group of words printed in bold as used in the passage
Fueling
a) Inciting
b) Lessening
c) Inflaming
d) Sustaining
e) None of these
Indias external debt profile appears similar to that of other major market
economies. But its short term external debt stock is now higher than countries such
as Brazil and Russia (in terms of percentage of GDP), according to Taimur Baig and
Kaushik Datta, economists at Deutsche Bank. Indias share of short term debt
relative to the stock of total external debt is also higher than other emerging market
economies, with the exception of Turkey, they say.
Though short term debt was contained in FY 14, it was largely due to a
slowdown in imports and may again rise once there is a rebound in growth and
imports pick up. Some economists point out that since GDP is expressed in dollar
19

terms, a weak rupee translates into a lower GDP number and hence, a lower ratio
could be misleading.
However, the composition of long term debt which is reckoned to be
durable and safe is also worrisome. While the share of almost risk free sovereign,
multilateral and bilateral credit has reduced significantly over the years, it is private
corporate sector debt and retail component in terms of NRI deposits that has
swelled over the years. Proceeds from the FCNR (B) swap and overseas borrowing
schemes were, in fact, the main contributors to the $31.2 bn increase in external
debt in FY 14, which were facilitated by the Reserve Bank to stabilise the Indian
currency.
NRI deposits do not pose material risks (as they are generally rolled over).
But the increase in the share of external commercial borrowings exposes the
domestic corporate sector significantly to external shocks, including adverse
exchange rate movements, says Samiran Chakrabarty, Chief India Economist,
Standard Ch artered Bank. Every year about $20 bn is scheduled for repayment. The
amount may not seem alarming, but the risk arises if there is a global liquidity
squeeze.
The recent trouble in Iraq has added another dimension to external sector
woes, which is that the reduction in trade deficit in FY 14 may reverse again.
Already struggling with a record low growth, high inflation, a weak currency, low
manufacturing growth and possibility of sub-normal monsoon, the threat of oil
supply shock and the resultant increase in prices add to the risks faced by the
country, which could hamper Indias envisaged improvement in economic growth
in FY 15, say Madan Sabnavis and Kavita Chacko of Care Ratings. If crude price
risks persist, the current account deficit, which was contained in 2013-14, could
deteriorate further and also add to pressure on the rupee. Care Ratings has projected
a CAD for the year at 2.5% of GDP, assuming stable crude oil prices and a re
covery in industrial production. Higher persistent crude prices would upset this
calculation.
78. Which of the following statements is contrary to the facts mentioned in the
given passage?
a) In FY 14, short term debt was contained due to slowdown in imports.
b) Short term debt is directly proportional to t he quantum of imports.
c) A weak rupee translates into a lower GDP number
d) Private corporate sector debt has decreased over the years
79. What is/are the reasons of the author being apprehensive about Indias
improvement in economic growth in FY 15?
a) The recent Iraq crisis may lead to reduction in trade deficit in the current
financial year
b) The possibility of sub-normal monsoon
c) High inflation and low manufacturing growth
d) All of the above
20

Contained
a) Neglected
b) Accomodated
c) Controlled
d) Excluded
e) None of these
Reckoned
a) Nullified
b) Abandoned
c) Started
d) Considered
e) None of these
Envisaged
a) Anticipated
b) Amazed
c) Doubted
d) Discarded
e) None of these
Proceeds
a) Profit
b) Outgo
c) Income
d) Interests
e) None of these
Squeeze
a) Congestion
b) Crunch
c) Restraint
d) Release
e) None of these
The first budget of the new administration needed to focus on two key
macro problems a path to fiscal consolidation and a clear signal for structural
reforms to boost the long run growth trajectory of the economy. The budget
delivers on both counts.
On the fiscal deficit, the new government has continued from where the
previous administration left in laying out a path and a commitmen to reducing the
deficit to 3% of GDP by FY 17. On the structural reform path, there was a clear
focus on boosting labour intensive manufacturing and growth.
The excise duty cuts for food processing and footwear industries, creation
of SEZs, single window clearance, tax deductions for investments, reforms to the
Apprenticeship Act and Rs.10,000 Crore as venture capital for SMEs were all small
steps in that direction. While the fiscal path is admirable, it also may be too
21

aggressive. It may be difficult to get a 20% increase in tax revenues in a year when
growth is likely to remain below 6%.
The assumption of service tax revenues growing by 40% may be a tad
optimistic. Further, the 3G telecom privatisation proceeds of Rs.45,000 Crore also
look ambitious. To achieve the governments medium term targets will not be easy.
First, we would have preferred a more realistic and gradual approach to
consolidation. Taking an extra year to reach the 3% deficit target (i.e. by FY 18
instead of FY 17) might be more realistic, and would not compromise macro
stability. Second, there is an urgent need for a return to fiscal rules and the FRBM
Act, with due sanctions, as the Economic Survey argues. Without it, and despite the
medium term path laid out in the budget, there may be an incentive to pause on
fiscal consolidation, as happened in FY 09 and was witnessed through FY 12.
More than 80 countries follow some sort of a fiscal rule and have found them very
useful in imposing fiscal descipline.
Third, if consolidation is based on increasing the tax base, then further
erosions could be avoided. In this regard, the increase in income tax exemption
limits further reduces an already small tax base. Only 3% of Indians (35 mn) pay
income tax compared with more than 20% of Chinese and over 45% of Americans.
The strategy that China followed was to not raise I ncome tax thresholds with rising
incomes to increase the base further. If the government consistently raises the
threshold limits, it would be difficult to expand the tax base.
Fourth, tax administration could be improved by having an independent
revenue service, with its own budget and autonomy in hiring staff. As the
government implements its revenue strategy, autonomy and reforms in
administration could be potentially very helpful.
Fifth, a road map for reducing subsidies, particularly the large fertiliser
subsidy, can give greater credence to the consolidation path.
The budget marks a very good beginning in terms of signalling a
commitment to fiscal discipline and structural regorms. While the strategy seems to
improve GDP growth and, thereby, reduce fiscal deficit through revenue byoyancy,
such a strategy is fraught with risks.
We think that to meet the consolidation path requires a clear set of rules,
measures to broadbase the tax system and a road map to reduce subsidies. This
budget lays out the overall vision.
85. Which of the following statements is not based on the facts mentioned in
the given passage?
a) It will be difficult to get a 20% increase in income tax revenue if the
growth remains below 6%.
b) It will be difficult to achieve governments medium term targets.
c) The new government has committed to reducing the fiscal deficit to 3%
of GDP by FY 17.
d) Among India, China and America, the highest number of tax payers live
in America.
86. What is being done by the government for structural reform?
22

a) Special attention was paid on the growth of labour intensive
manufacturing.
b) Excise duty cut for food processing and footwear industries was allowed
c) SEZs are to be created
d) All of the above
87. What is/are the prerequisite(s) to meet the consolidation path? Give your
answer in the context of the given passage.
a) More and more people should be brought under the net of income tax.
b) A blue print should be prepared to reduce subsidies.
c) An independent, autonomous body with an authority to inspect the
functioning of income tax department should be brought into existence.
d) Only a) and b)
Erosion
a) Destruction
b) Deterioration
c) Strengthening
d) Consumption
Buoyancy
a) Elasticity
b) Snap
c) Rigidity
d) Feslience
Fraught
a) Empty
b) Devoid
c) Lack
d) Abound
Consistently
a) Steadily
b) Customarily
c) Never
d) Congruously
Credence
a) Distrust
b) Assurance
c) Belief
d) Credit
23

The RBI orders a moratorium when a banks financial stability is
threatened. Depositors face some restrictions on withdrawing money from their
accounts during this period. Currently the restriction is confined to premature
withdrawl of FDs in case of Kapol Bank. Customers can still withdraw money from
their savings and current accounts. However, the Bhanking Regulation Act has
provisions for relief to customers facing a financial emergency. Banks
administrative board can approach the RBI with a plea for relaxing the withdrawal
limits in case of account holders such as those who have saved or deposited money
for their medical treatment or educational purpose and pensioners, says VN
Kulkarni, chief credit counsellor with the Bank of India backed Abhay Credit
Counselling Centre.
Since one cannot do much after the bank gets into trouble or the RBI comes
into the picture, it would be wise to take some precautions. Depositors need to be
selective not only in choosing the bank, but also in depositing the amount using
different combinations, says Kulkarni. For instance, you can maintain the first
deposit in your name, held jointly with your spouse or children. Similarly, the
second joint FD could be created with your wife as the first holder. This will help
you benefit from the deposit insurance cover extended to retail depositors.
Currently, deposits are insured upto Rs.1 Lakh per bank, and not per branch
of the same bank. You can also look at maintaining FDs in more than one bank to
spread out the risk.
However, this may not be feasible for some individuals. For instance, a
retiree who wishes to invest her huge retirement corpus in FDs. It is not feasible to
split a huge amount of, say, Rs.50 Lakh into 50 deposits with different banks.
Senior citizens have to strike a balance between convenience, risks and higher
returns that some of the smaller banks offer, says Suresh Sadagopan, certified
financial planner and founder, Ladder. Financial Advisories. He recommends
diversification by investing in fixed income options like company FDs, nonconvertible debentures as also more secure alternatives such as tax free bonds and
senior citizens savings scheme, which offers an interest rate of 9.2%. You must also
evaluate the banks credentials carefully before parking your money in it. While
selecting the bank, you need to ascertain its gross NPAs. It should be not higher
than 5%. Similarly, ensure that your bank has adequate capital as prescribed by the
regulators, says Kulkarni. That is, minimum 9% of risk-weighted assets, and at
least 12%, in case of cooperative banks. You will find this information in the
balance sheets of banks.
93. Which of the following is not definitely true with respect to Kapol Bank?
a) It is a private sector bank
b) At present, premature withdrawal of FD cannot be allowed.
c) Customers of this bank have been allowed withdrawal of money from
their CASA.
24

d) There are no restrictions on withdrawal except of premature fixed
deposits.
94. Find the statement which is not based on the facts mentioned in the passage.
a) Under certain circumstances, account holders facing financial emergency
can be allowed withdrawal of moiney beyond withdrawal limit as per the
provisions laid down in the Banking Regulation Act.
b) When the bank gets into trouble it is better for a depositor to be selective
in both ch oosing the bank and depositing the amount using different
combinations.
c) When the financial stability of a bank is at stake the central bank ordres a
moratorium
d) The central bank has ordered a moratorium on Kapol Bank.
95. Choose the word which is most similar in meaning to the word printed in
Parking
a) Removing
b) Depositing
c) Stopping
d) Walking
Picture
a) Scene
b) Mainstream
c) Portrait
d) Role
Diversification
a) Variegation
b) Homogenous
c) Allocation
d) Division
Threatened
a) Warned
b) Jeopardised
c) Ensured
d) Exposed
Strike
a) Maintain
b) Hit
c) Knock
d) Smack
25

Indias banking sector may be getting ready for a wave of consolidation as
the country tries to build institutions of world class proportions. Four big state run
banks State Bank of India, Punjab National Bank, Bank of Baroda and Bank of
India have already begun on exercise to identify takeover targets to gain access to
franchises that would augment their capabilities, said three top bankers familiar
with the move. The top managements of the four banks are in the process of
preparing a blueprint that would explain the rationale for absorbing one or two
entities, said the people cited above, none of whom wanted to be named. Employees
at these state run banks are engaged in the exercise after Finance Minister Arun
Jaitley gave the lenders the go-ahead to decide how they would strategiese to
remain relevant in the emerging economic scenario.
We are hearing from the corridors of finance ministry that there is
seriousness on consolidation of banks, said an executive from one of the top four
banks. The sense we are getting is that first there could be merger of at least one
SBI associate bank with SBI to kick off the consolidation process. Although no
names of likely acquisition targets are being discussed at these four banks, the key
conditions for a smaller bank will be regional, technological and cultural
advantages. For instance, a bank such as Bank of Baroda, which does not have a
presence in the East, may prefer one from that part of the country. State run banks
have weakened over the years as governments have treated them as an organ of the
administration and used them to push their social agenda. Meanwhile, lenders in
neighbouring China have acquired scale while those in India are puny by
comparison, giving them little clout in global markets.
The economic downturn, with growth having almost halved from the peak,
has exposed the fault lines in the system. The parlous financial position of the
government has left banks capital starved - the allocation for this year is tiny
compared with the amount needed to meet Basel III standards. And, to access
capital from the market, the state run banks need a strategy to turn more profitable.
Currently, they are labouring under bad debt on account of companies finding it
difficult to repay loans because of the slump.
Government has made it clear that they will not give any capital, said one
of the bankers. Banks that have the capital and the capability to raise capital could
look at acquisitions, he said, while adding Nothing has reached the drawing
board. Banks are only doing all kinds of permutations and combinations.
To be sure, state run bank consolidation has been discussed for nearly a
decade, but little progress has been made, except for shotgun weddings that were
aimed at rescuing ventures in poor shape. Inertia among banks, cultural issues and
fears of trade union unrest held up any such move. That may now change with the
new government.
There have been some suggestions for consolidation of public sector
banks, Jaitley said in his July 10 Budget speech. Government, in principle, agress
to consider these suggestions.
26

A committee set up by the Reserve Bank of India under former Axis Bank
Chairman P.J. Nayak had suggested that the health of state run banks was poor. To
strengthen them, the report said it would be better either to privatise these banks
and allow their future solvency to be subject to market competition, including
through mergers; or to design a radically new governance structure for these banks
which would better ensure their ability to compete successfully, in order that
repeated claims for capital support from the government, unconnected with market
returns, are avoided.
The market share of the public sector banks is forecast to decline from 80%
in 2000 to just over 60% in 2025, Nayak had said. They stack up poorly in many
respects against non-state institutions. For instance, net profit per employee at the
new private sector banks was about four tiems that of the SBI Group in the year
ended March 2013.
100.
Which of the following is not true in the context of the passage?
a) Four big state run banks have begun to identify takeover targets.
b) The finance minister has given free hand to state run banks to make their
own strategy for banking business.
c) The four big state run banks have already decided the names of some
small banks likely to be taken over
d) According to PJ Nayak Committee report, the state run banks were not
performing well.
101.
Why have banks turned capital starved? Answer in the context of
the passage?
a) Because of excessive loans santioned to malafide customers
b) Because of bad monetary policy of the RBI
c) Because of the excessive payments towards government sponsored
schemes without appropriate provision for them
d) Because of the dangerous financial position of the government
102.
Which of the following is possibly the most appropriate title for the
passage?
a) Policy Paralysis of the Central Government
b) The Economic Downturn
c) Union Budget 2014: A Review
d) Consolidation of Banks
103.
Which of the following statements regarding the consolidation of
state run banks is/are true? Answer in the context of the passage.
a) Efforts for consolidation of state run banks are on for past one decade but
nothing remarkable has come out as yet.
b) The consolidation of state run banks is a complex task and it will take
some more years for its completion.
c) Banks are doing all kinds of permutations and combinations but the
result is cipher.
27

d) Only a) and b)
104.
What does the phrase kick off mean as used in the passage?
a) Discontinue
b) Breakdown
c) Smash
d) Begin
105.
Under the current scenarioi what do state run banks need to do to
access capital from the market?
a) They need to float public shares
b) They need a strategy to earn more profit
c) They should increase lending rate to attract depositors.
d) They should announce handsome returns to depositors.
106.
Choose the word which is most similar in meaning to the word
printed in bold as used in the passage.
Acquisition
a) Redemption
b) Forfeit
c) Possession
d) Dearth
107.
Parlous
a) Harmful
b) Strong
c) Critical
d) Powerful
108.
Inertia
a) Inactivity
b) Liveliness
c) Awakening
d) Interest
109.
Solvency
a) Destitution
b) Depriviation
c) Impotency
d) Financial competence
110.
Choose the word/group of words which is most opposite in
meaning of the word/group of words printed in bold as used in the passage.
Puny
a) Trivial
b) Strong
c) Inferior
d) Tiny
111.
Augment
28

a) Reinforce
d) Multiply
b) Strengthen
c) Magnify
Directions (Q. 112-120) Read the passage carefully and answer the given below
it. Certain words /phrases are given in bold to help you locate them while
answering some of the questions.
Sanjaya Barus book has been perceived as an attack on PM Manmohan
Singh by a disgruntled employee who was denied a job by the Prime Minister in his
second term. This is a completely wrong reading of the book. It is, in fact, a defence
of Manmohan by a member of his fan club. Fortunately, it is not a fawning
hagiography. It is straightforward and gossipy, but not excessively so. It is an
important contribution to contemporary Indian history; it can also be read as a text
book for those who wish to understand how politics and administration actually
work in India of our times. Like the Crossman Diaries in Britain in earlier times and
like Duty by Robert Gates in the US in recent times, it throws light on contingencies
and counterfactuals.
Future historians may see inevitable and inexorable patterns in the way
things have unfolded in India in the last decade. Barus book will be a source that
will help the historian focus with some humility on issues of choice and chance.
Baru was recruited by Manmohan and worked with him closely as Media
Adviser, Baru is a loyal defender of his boss. Contrary to the popular perception of
Manmohan being dour or politically clumsy, Baru makes the case that the
economist turned politician is, in fact, a clever and sophisticated operator.
Manmohans excellent relationship with wily and experienced politicians like
Sharad Pawar, Karunanidhi, Lalu Prasad, Harkishen Surjeet, Jyoti Basu and even
Vajpayee and Jaswant Singh would not have been possible if he had been nave or
weak. On issues which mattered to Manmohan like Free Trade Agreements or the
Nuclear Accord, he can be a cool and consummate political operator. But he does
have his blind spots. Whether it is because he has a lifelong commitment to civil
service traditions that one department must not intrude on the turf of another
department, or it is out of a conviction that party politics is not his forte, or for
whatever unmentioned reason, Manmohan has kept himself severely and
completely away from the Congress Party. Perhaps, Manmohan felt that his own
political guru, Narasimha Rao, paid a price for intruding into areas where both fools
and angels should fear to tread. The net result was that Man mohan had less support
from his own party leaders and, in Barus opinion, that proved very costly for our
accidental Prime Minister.
There are some self-serving bits in this memoir. Manmohans performance
in UPA-1 is portrayed as outstanding. After all, Baru was with him most of that
time, was he not? And some of the achievements of that time seem to have a greater
Baru imprint than what other observers might concede. And virtually all the
problems of Manmohan seem to have coincided with UPA-2 when Baru was no
longer around! Neverthless, Barus professionalism and better nature does assert
itself almost everywhere in the book. He gives himself far less credit than others
who have written similar books tend to do. He is lucid enough to concede that in
29

economic matters, effects are preceded by causes with some lags. The good times of
UPA-1 were not merely because the global economy was strong, but because
Manmohan inherited a good legacy from Vajapayee. The roots of many of the
problems in UPA-2 were the results of sins of profligacy committed during UPA-1
when economic growth was not only taken for granted, but treated with some
contempt by the elitist do-gooders of the National Advisory Council, which could
have been a source of anodyne amusement, if so many of its actions had not ended
up being dangerous, even disastrous for the country.
112.
Which of the following, according to the author, is true about
Sanjaya Barus book?
a) It is a book intended to attack the former PM Manmohan Singh
b) It is a fawning hagiography
c) It is straightforward and excessively gossipy
d) It is a book which throws light on contingencies and counterfactuals of
Indian politics
113.
Which of the following statements is contrary to the facts mentined
in the given passage?
a) Narasimha Rao was the political guru of Manmohan Singh
b) As per civil service traditions, one department must not intrude on the
turf of another department
c) Manmohan Singh kept himself severely and completely away from the
Congress Party.
d) None of these
114.
Which of the following facts supports the view that Manmohan was
neither a nave nor a weak Prime Minister?
a) During his regime the nuclear deal was signed, which is one of most
important achievements
b) He had a very good relationship with wily and experienced politicians
c) Manmohan Singh preferred to keep mum than to indulge into
controversy
d) He was aware of the fact that party politics is not his forte and hence he
kept himself away from active politics.
115.
Why, according to Baru, was Manmohans performance in UPA-1
outstanding?
a) Because Baru was with him most of the time
b) Because the Congress Party had done a lot of good work to alleviate
poverty
c) Because the global economy was strong and Manmohan Singh had
inherited a good legacy from Vajpayee.
d) Because UPA-2 was full of scams
30

116.
Choose the word/group of words which is most similar in meaning
to the word/group of words printed in bold as used in the passage.
Intrude
a) Associate
b) Interfere
c) Leave
d) Combine
117.
Profligacy
a) Fraglity
b) Restraint
c) Lacking
d) Recklessness
118.
Anodyne
a) Soother
b) Upsetting
c) Excitative
d) Agitating
119.
Inexorable
a) Harsh
b) Dogged
c) Flexible
d) Relentless
120.
Concede
a) Allow
b) Accord
c) Acknowledge
d) Reject
Since 1947, Indians have not spoken out so strongly and clearly for a
completely new brand of people running government. Mercifully, there are no
ministers educated abroad. Thankfully, none of them has been brainwashed at
Harvard, Stanford, Cambridge, the World bank or the IMF, subtly forcing expensive
Western solutions on typically Indian problems at the cost of the poor. Look what
the high powered, foreign returned degree wallahs have reduced this country to.
They wasted opportunities to show the inner strength of what is essentially Indian
because they never really knew their own people living in Bharat. In the eyes of the
World, we have lost our self-respect, dignity and identity.
All the ministers now have gone through average government schools.
Some have never been to college. Many have experienced poverty, exploitation,
injustice and discrimination at some point of time in their lives. It is truly the first
31

barefoot government ever to be voted into power in independent India. Where else
in the World would you have a one time tea seller on a railway station becoming
Prime Minister, shaping the destiny of more than one billion people?
The first example the Modi government must set is by drastically reducing
the perks and privileges of MPs. Free power, food, housing, travel to those whose
personal assets run into crores and a Rs.2 Crore annual fund for development for
over 500 MPs is costing the exchequer nearly Rs.2000 Crore. Only the Prime
Minister will be able to make it happen and, at the same time, stifle any dissent
from BJP MPs. The time is now.
No other government in the World has a Class 12 pass woman ministers
speaking as an equal to almost 120 heavily qualified, on paper, vice chancellors (90
% male). Today, as we judge them, the VCs are all to intellectually and morally
fatigued. There is something dreadfully wrong with an education system that
produces graduates from even private, expensive, snobbish schools and colleges
who are still prejudiced about caste, class, religion, sex and colour. These
graduates, who roam the streets of small towns and cities by the thousands, call
themselves educated, practise the worst forms of cruelty, slavery and crimes
against humanity, against society and in their own families. Indeed, some of them
rose to the level of their incompetence by becoming ministers in previous
governments, reinforcing the status quo, wasting vast public resources by
implementing silly Western ideas, listening to foreign returned experts and
making a hopeless mess of this country. The tragedy is that they cannot see the
colossal damage they have done to the very fabric of this country.
121.
What is/are true about the ministers of the new government formed
at the Centre?
a) Some of them are ghighly qualified and foreign degree holders.
b) Only a few of them are t he products of average government schools.
c) There are so me ministers who have never been to college.
d) Our Prime Minister is a postgraduate in Political Science.
122.
Which of the following is not one of the characteristics of the
ministers of the last government at the Centre?
a) Some of the ministers of the last government at the Centre were educated
abroad.
b) The ministers of the last government were brainwashed at foreign
universities to suggest Western solutions for Indian problems.
c) The Western degree holder ministers coming from the elite class never
knew their own people living in Bharat.
d) Though the ministers of the last government were Western educated yet
they had great concern about the gripping problems of India
123.
Which of the following statements is based on the facts mentioned
in the passage?
a) The present government aims at reducing the perks and privileges of
MLAs.
32

b) There is something wrong with those educational institutions that
produjce graduates who remain prejudiced about caste, class and gender
c) The elitist education policy has still managed to make students humble
and sensitive towards humanity.
d) None of the present ministers has gone through poverty, injustice,
exploitation and discrimination
124.
What is the perception about India in the eyes of the World?
a) That India is a developing nation
b) That we dont have self respect, dignity and identity
c) That India is still a c ountry of snake charmers
d) That India is an educationally backward nation
125.
Destiny
a) Objective
b) Prospect
c) Future
d) Concept
126.
Perks
a) Benefits
b) Candy
c) Loss
d) Constraints
127.
Fatigued
a) Fresh
b) Lively
c) Exhausted
d) Vivacious
128.
Dissent
a) Strife
b) Marvellous
c) Objections
d) Approval
129.
Snobbish
a) Haughty
b) Pompous
c) Arrogant
d) Humble
questions given below it. Certain words/expressions are given in bold in the
passage to help you locate them while answering some of the questions.
33
My God, it speaks uttered the Emperor of Brazil and the receivr of the
Telephone slipped from his hand and banged around. At the other end Alexander
Graham Bell was still on line.
This incident goes back to 1876 when at an exhibition in Philadelphia,
Alexander Graham Bell was giving a demonstration of his new invention. This
strange instrument known as Telephone was to revolutionize life in the years to
come.
Bell was born at Edinborough, Scotland. He was a teacher and, was
dedicated to the noble cause of teaching the deaf and the dumb. Due to a severe
illness, Bell was sent to Canada in 1870, where too he got engaged in helping the
dumb deaf to hear and speak. Thereafter, he shifted to the USA but continuted with
his work by opening a school f or deaf to hear and dumb.
Bell was fond of scientific inventions and was ever engaged in making
some machines in his spare time. While at Boston, he tried to communicate through
metal wire. His companion in this work was Watson. One day while experimenting
with this instrument, Bell spoke to Watson standing at a distance. Watson was taken
by a pleasant surprise as he had heard Bell clearly through his instrument. The
instrument was a success and Bell patented it.
Graham Bell had some sterling qualities of head and heart. Apart from
being as artist, he was a kind human being, ready to help the needy. He established
an institution for the deaf and dumb children. He died in 1922 in Canada. The entire
northern America paid him a tribute by hanging up their telephones for a while
during his funeral.
130.
The teaching activity undertaken by Bell was considered noble
particularly because
a) He was teaching the physically under privileged persons
b) There was nobody else in the field of education
c) He was not accepting any salary of that job
d) He was a very famous scientist of his times
131.
The words uttered by the Emperor of Brazil suggest that it was
extremely
a) Angry
b) Insulted
c) Surprised
d) Agitated
132.
What according to the passage was the contribution of invention of
telephone?
a) Interaction between two persons at some distance was possible
b) Rich people were able to communicate with others
c) Graham Bell could converse with Watson regarding invention through
telephone
d) It revolutionized human life
133.
Which of the following made Bell to invent telephone?

34

a) His activity of teaching
b) His service to the deaf and dumb
c) He kept interest in scientific inventions
d) Encouragement received from Watson
134.
Graham Bell made the telephone call of his invention to the
Emperor from the city of
a) Edinborough
b) Philadelphia
c) Brazil
d) Boston
135.
Bell had gone to Canada in 1870 for
a) Treating a patient who was seiously ill
b) Helping the deaf and dumb children to hear and speak
c) Undergoing medical treatment for himself
d) Devoting his full time to his invention
136.
Choose the word or group of words which is most nearly the same
in meaning as the word printed in bold?
Revolutionize
a) Affect adversely
b) Develop gradually
c) Illuminate completely
d) Change drastically
137.
Choose the word or group of words which is most nearly the same
in meaning as the word printed in bold?
Dedicated
a) Appointed
b) Deployed
c) Devoted
d) Religious
138.
Choose the word which is most opposite in meaning of the word
printed in bold.
Continued
a) Irregular
b) Destroyed
c) Reckoned
d) Suspended
139.
printed in bold.
Pleasant
a) Admirable
b) Disgusting
c) Nice
d) Indecent
questions given below it. Certain words are printed in bold to help you to
locate them while answering some of the questions.
35

The yearly festival was close at hand. The store room was packed with silk
fabrics, gold ornaments, clay bowls full of sweet curd and platefuls of sweetmeats.
The orders had been placed with shops well in advance. The mother was sending
out gifts to everyone.
The eldest son, a government servant, lived with his wife and children in far
off lands. The second son had left home at an early age. As a merchant he travelled
all over the World. The other sons had split up over petty squabbles and they now
lived in homes of their own. The relatives were spread all across the World. They
rarely visited. The youngest son, left in the company of a servant, was soon bored
left her and stood at the door all day long, waiting and watching. His mother,
thrilled and excited, loaded the presents on trays and plates, covered them with
colourful kerchiefs, and sent them off with maids and servants. The neighbours
looked on.
The day came to an end. All the presents had been sent off.
The child came back into the house and dejectedly said to his mother,
Maa, you gave present to everyone, but you d idnt give me anything!
His mother laughed, I have given all the gifts away to everyone, now see
whats left for you. She kissed him on the forehead.
The child said in a tearful voice. Dont get a gift?
Youll get it when you go far away. But when I am close to you, dont I
get something from your own hands?
His mother reached out her arms and drew him to her This is all I have in
my own hands. It is the most precious of all.
140.
Why did the womans second son travel?
a) He was restless by nature
b) He did not want to stay at home
c) He was rich and could afford to travel
d) His job was such that he had to travel
141.
Why did the womans eldest son not attend the festival?
a) He was not on good terms with his youngest brother who lived at home
b) He had quarrelled with his mother
c) His wife did not allow him to return home
d) None of these
142.
Which of the following can be said about the woman?
a) She was a widow who had brought up her children single handedly
b) She was not a good mother since her children had left home at an early
age
c) She enjoyed sending her family gifts at festival time
d) She gave expensive presents to show that she was wealthy
143.
What did the boy receive from his mother?
a) She taught him the value of patience
b) She encouraged him to grow up and live independently like his brother
36

c) She showed him the importance of giving expensive gifts
d) She gave him a hug to express her love
144.
Which of the following is true in the context of the passage?
a) The woman usually ignored her youngest son
b) The womans eldest son lived abroad
c) The members of the womans family did not care about her
d) The woman made all the preparations herself since she did not want to
burden the servants
145.
Choose the word which is most nearly the same in meaning as the
Left
a) Gone
b) Quit
c) Remaining
d) Disappeared
146.
Packed
a) Filled
b) Squeezed
c) Crowd
d) Collected
147.
Dejectedly as used in the passage.
a) Calmly
b) Happily
c) Willingly
d) Fortunately
questions given below it. Certain words/phrases are given in bold to help you to
During Emperor Akbars reign, there was a poor man in Agra, who was
throught to bring bad luck. People believed that if any one looked at his face in the
morning, they would have a bad day.
Get lost, you ugly fellow! he would be cursed by one and all. Hide your
face before you kill someone with your evil eye!
The emperor soon heard of this mans reputation and wanted to see him.
The poor fellow, who had not harmed a single person in his life, was brought to
Akbar.
Akbar took a look at him and asked him to be brought back in the evening.
That particular day was an especially full and tiring day for the emperor and
his courtiers.
So, many matters had to be attended to that Akbar even forgot to eat. By the
end of the day, the emperor was exhausted. To make matters worse, Akbar was
informed that his favourite child, little Prince Salim, had fallen ill.
37

Then the emperor suddenly remembered that he had seen the face of the
unlucky man that morning.
That was it. It was that mans entire fault, Akbar decided.
Akbar called his courtiers and told them that he was going to have
unlucky man executed. All of them agreed immediately.
That is all except Birbal. Instead, Birbal let out a short laugh.
What is the matter, Birbal? asked the emperor You seem to find
something funny!
Nothing, your majesty, replied Birbal
You say this man brings bad luck because you had to go without food ever
since you saw him this morn ing. Look at his luck. Yours was the first face he saw
today, and has to die because to it.
Akbar immediately realized his folly and rewarded Birbal for his wisdom.
148.
Why had the king not eaten his food?
a) He was very busy that day
b) He had seen the face of the unlucky fellow
c) He was not feeling well
d) None of these
149.
Who was not well on that particular day?
a) King Akbar
b) The King's courtiers
c) Birbal
d) Prince Salim
150.
Which of the following describes Birbal?
a) He was a famous merchant
b) He had lost his senses
c) He was very poor
d) He possessed good logical thinking
151.
a) The poor man wanted to see the king
b) The poor man was well educated
c) The courtiers were sympathetic with the poor man
d) King Akbar realized his mistake
152.
What was Birbals initial reaction when he heard that the poorman
would be executed?
a) He was angry because Akbar had not taken his advice
b) He laughed slightly
c) He was silent and wanted to give a change to the poor man
d) None of these
38

153.
Choose the word that is most nearly the same meaning as the
word/phrase printed in bold as used in the passage.
Reputation
a) Character
b) Respect
c) Fame
d) Report
154.
Choose the word that is most nearly the same meaning as the
word/phrase printed in bold as used in the passage.
Folly
a) Argument
b) Mistake
c) Words
d) Conflict
155.
Choose the word which is the most opposite in meaning of the
Hide
a) Seek
b) Show
c) Go away
d) Indicate
156.
Choose the word which is the most opposite in meaning of the
Exhausted
a) Consumed
b) Drained
c) Restless
d) Energetic
questions given below it. Certain words are printed in bold to help you locate
them while, answering some of the questions.
In the town, where Abhiram painted pictures of gods and goddesses,
everyone knew him only as a stranger, who had always painted pictures for a living.
No one knew him or his past. He would think, I was once wealthy but its all gone
now ______ and in a way it is for the better. I meditate on various forms of God all
day long now, my bread and butter comes from that. I also place his image in all the
houses. None can take away the respect and goodwill this earns me. One day the
royal Minister passed away. The King employed a new Minister from a foreign
land. The whole town was abuzz with the news but that day Abhirams fingers
stilled to a halt. Abhirams father and adopted an orphan boy, whom he raised and
trusted more than his own son, Abhiram. But the boy had turned traitor and had
stolen the old mans fortune from him. The very same man and now come to the
new kingdom as the new Minister. The room where Abhiram painted was also his
puja room. He went in, folded his hands and queried, Is this why I have spent so
many years meditating on. You through every colour, every line? Is this how you
reward me with such an insult?
The chariot pageant was coming up. At the fairgrounds many people from
different lands thronged to buy Abhirams pictures. In that throng, there was a little
boy watched over by servants. He picked out one picture. Abhiram turned to the
39

childs attendant and asked, who is this boy? He replied, The only son of our
royal Minister. Abhiram covered his paintings with a cloth and said, I will not sell
my pictures. Which only made the child want the picture even more? He came
home and sulked in the corner and refused to eat. The Minister sent a bagful of
coins for Abhiram, but the bag came back to the Minister untouched. The Minister
said to himself, what audacity! The more he was pestered, the more dogged was
Abhirams refusal and he thought, This is my victory.
Every morning the first thing Abhiram did was to paint a picture of his own
beloved deity. This was the only form of worship known to him. One day, he
realized the painting wasnt to his satisfaction. Something looked different. It
wasnt looking right. He felt tormented. As the days passed, the subtle difference
became more apparent until one day Abhiram looked up, started by the realization
________ he could see it clearly now - the face oif his God was beginning to look
more and more like the Minister. He hurled his brush to the ground and said, So
the Ministger wins! That same day the painting to the Minister and said, Here is
the picture, give it to your son. The Minister asked, How much? Abhiram said,
You robbed me of my devotion to God I shall gain it back by gifting you this
picture. The Minister had no idea what he was talking about.
157.
Why did Abhiram paint a picture of one particular deity every
morning?
a) His paintings of this particular deity were very popular and he sold many
of them
b) He kept trying to paint the picture well but he never succeeded
c) In memory of his father, who had great devotion for the deity
d) It was his way of praying
158.
Why did the Minister send a bagful of gold to Abhirams house?
a) As penance for taking Abhirams rightful share of their fathers property
b) He admired artists and wanted to pay his respects to Abhiram
c) As a bribe to ensure that Abhiram would keep t heir past a secret
d) He wanted to purchase a painting that his son was determined to have
159.
Why was Abhiram disappointed with his most recent painting?
a) Despite his best efforts, he could not get the painting to resemble the
Minister
b) Attention to details which made his paintings so popular was missing
c) Instead of resembling, a replica of a deity, the painting looked like a
portrait of the Minister
d) Since, he was unable to paint the lighting effects properly, the deity did
not look lifelike in the portrait
160.
What was Abhirams first reaction when, he heard about the
appointment of the new Royal Minister?
a) He decided not to sell his paintings at the chariot pageant
b) He stopped praying because he believed that God had abandoned him
40

c) He gave up his carrer as an artist
d) None of these
161.
Audacity
a) Courage
b) Fear
c) Insult
d) Rudeness
162.
Idea
a) Image
b) Understanding
c) Design
d) Plan
163.
Choose the word, which is most opposite in meaning of the word
given in bold as used in the passage.
Gain
a) Lose
b) Decrease
c) Lack
d) Fail
164.
Choose the word, which is most opposite in meaning of the word
Dogged
a) Polite
b) Weak
c) Unstable
d) Soft
questions given below it. Certain words/phrases are given in the bold to help
you to locate them while answering some of the questions.
A goat was struggling violently and injured many people, as it was being
led away by a dozen men through the street. It was being taken away for a
sacrificial offering. But it became calm the moment it saw a saint. The saint bent
down and said somethhing in its ear and patted it on its back. He then withdrew
covering his face and muttering How sad! My poor friend!.
The animal now tame allowed itself to be led away. The onlookers flocked
around the saint and asked him what he had whispered to the goat?
The Saint explained that the goiat was a reincarnation of his good friend, a
wealthy man who instituted the sacrifice as a ritual in the village and that he had
told the goat that the game was started by it in its previous birth so why was it
complaining now when it was its time toi be in the same boat. He continued As
one sows, so shall he reap.
The story spread and even tually brought an end to the ritual of animal
slaughter in the name of sacrificial offering in the village.
41

165.
Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?
a) Reincarnation is a phenomenon which occurs
b) One receives as one propagates
c) Animal slaughter is now banned by law
d) Saints do have magical powers
166.
a) The goat was not sacrificed
b) The ritual of sacrifice gradually stopped in the village
c) The Saint did not believe in reincarnation
d) The onlookers were ashamed of themselves and avoided the Saint
167.
Why did the goat recognize the Saint?
a) It was the Saint who had asked people to sacrifice it
b) The Saint was wearing a robe unlike the other onlookers
c) The Saint had a peculiar look
d) The Saint had been a good friend of the goat in its previous birth
168.
Why did the Saint mutter How sad! My poor friend?
a) He was against the lifestyle of his friend
b) The goat had been injured while it was being led away
c) The goat was dying from its wounds
d) He was sad because his friend was going to be killed
169.
Why did the animal become docile after the Saint talked to it?
a) It was keen to be sacrificed
b) It had already injured many people and was tired
c) The priest promised that it wouldnt be sacrificed
d) It had accepted that it deserved its fate
170.
Choose the word that is most nearly the same in meaning to the
Patted
a) Stroked
b) Flattened
c) Hit
d) Hurt
171.
Choose the word that is most nearly the same in meaning to the
Flocked
a) Herd
b) Together
c) Gathered
d) Accompanied
172.
Choose the word which is most opposite in the meaning to the word
Tame
a) Spirited
b) Disciplined
c) Cruel
42

d) Insane
173.
Choose the word which is most opposite in the meaning to the word
End
a) Life
b) Begin
c) Middle
d) Start
questions given below it. Certain words have been printed in bold to help you
locate them, while answering some of the questions.
Though the US prides itself on being a leader in the World community, a
recent report shows that it lags far behind other industrialised countries in meeting
the needs of its youngest and most vulnerable citizens. The US has a higher infant
mortality rate, a higher proportion of low birth weight babies, a smaller proportion
of babies immunised against childhood diseases and a much higher rate of
adolescent pregnancies. These findings, described as a quiet crisis requiring
immediate and far reching action, appeared in a report prepared by a task force of
educators, doctors, politicians and business people. According to the report, a fourth
of the nations 12 million infants and toddlers live in poverty. As many as half
confront risk factors that could harm their ability to develop intellectually,
physically and socially. Child immunisations are too low, more children are born
into poverty, more are in substandard care, while their parents work and more are
being raised by single parents. When taken together, these and other risk factors can
lead to educational and health problems that are much harder and more costly to
reverse.
The crisis begins in the womb with unplanned parenthood. Women with
unplanned pregnancies are less likely to seek pre natal care. In the US 80% of
teenage pregnancies and 56% of all pregnancies are unplanned. The problmes
continue after birth, where unplanned pregnancies and unstable partnerships often
go hand in hand. Since 1950, the number of single parent families has nearly tripled.
More than 25% of all births today are to unmarried mothers. As the number of
single parent families grows and more women enter the work force, infants and
toddlers are increasingly in the care of people other than their parents.
Most disturbingly, recent statistics show that American parents are
increasingly neglecting or abusing their children. In only four years from 19871991, the number of children in foster care increased by over 50%. Babies under the
age of one are the fastest growing category of children entering foster care. This
crisis affects children under the age of three most severely, the report says. Yet, it is
this period from infancy through preschool years that sets the stage for a childs
future.
174.
The main focus of the passage is on the plight of
a) Orphaned children
b) Teenage mothers
43

c) Low birth weight babies
d) None of these
175.
Which of the following does not constitute quiet crisis in the US
as per the task force report?
a) Lower proportion of new born babies with normal weight
b) Higher incidence of adolescent girls becoming mothers
c) Lower rate of babies surviving childhood diseases
d) Increasing cases of teenage couples getting divorced
176.
Which of the following statements is not true in the context of the
passage?
a) The number of single parent families today is approximately three times
that four decades ago
b) The number of children in the US entering foster care has decreased after
1991
c) In the US, the number of infants living in poverty is about 3 million
d) Only 20% of all the pregnancies in the US are planned
177.
The number of children born to married mothers in the US is
approximately, how many times the number of children born to unwed
mothers?
a) 1.5 times
b) 2 times
c) 3 times
d) 3.5 times
178.
The task force report seems to be based on the data pertaining to the
period
a) 1987-91
b) 1950 onwards till data
c) 1987 onwards till data
d) 1950-91
179.
Choose the word which is most nearly the same in meaning to the
given word given in bold as used in the passage.
Confront
a) Face
b) Tolerate
c) Succumb
d) Eliminate
180.
given word given in bold as used in the passage.
Vulnerable
a) Insecure
b) Indispensable
c) Risky
d) Promising
181.
Choose the word which is most opposite in meaning to the given
word in bold as used in the passage.
44

Severely
a) Drastically
d) Slightly
b) Intensely
c) Minutely
182.
Choose the word which is most opposite in meaning to the given
word in bold as used in the passage.
Substandard
a) Impoverished
b) Compassionate
c) Excellent
d) Valuable
One day, the king came to the court and began attending to the routine
mattres people had brought to him. He happened to be in a bad mood that day. Just
then, a messenger arrived out of breath, with a message that the queen wanted to see
the king in her palace. The king rose immediately and all the courtiers respectfully
got to their feet. The jester however remained seated unaware that the king was
departing. He belatedly got to his feet but while doing so, he was noticed by the
king, who perceived this behavioiur as an insult. He ordered the jester to leave his
kingdom with immediate effect and not set foot on its soil under penalty of death.
The courtiers were upset and protested. The jester was amusing and well
liked. But the jester obeyed the kings commands and left the palace promptly.
Several months passed after the ing had ordred the jester to leave his court. The
kings anger had subsided. He decided to invite the jester to return to his court.
Messengers were sent to neighbouring kingdoms to search for the jester and bring
him before the king. However the very next day, when the king was standing in one
of the palace balconies, he saw a horse carriage pass outside the palace. He glanced
at the carriage out of curiostly and spied the jester sitting inside. The carriage was
stopped. The king asked the jester angrily, Why have you come back to the
kingdom without my permission? Your Majesty the jester replied politely, I left
for China the day you drove me out of your court. I returned only after I had
covered the floor of my carriage with the soil of the neighbouring country. I have
thus not set my foot on your soil, The king found the jesters answer pleasing. He
smiled and asked him to come to court from the next morning.
183.
Why did the king leave the court suddenly one day?
a) He was bored as the word was routine
b) He realised that he had forgotten to meet the queen that day
c) He was upset that day
d) None of these
184.
Why did the king himself ask the jester to return to his court?
45

a) He missed the jesters wit and humour
b) The jester did not need the request, the king had sent through his
messengers
c) The courtiers throught the king was foolish for throwing out the jester
d) The king appreciated the jesters cleverness in interpreting his orders
185.
Why did the jester remain seated, while the king was leaving?
a) To show he was unhappy with kings decision toi leave early
b) To get the kings attention
c) To show the king that leaving early was insulting to those, who had come
to the court
d) He did not realise that the king was leaving
186.
a) The king was stubborn and never listened to his courtiers advice
b) The jester was quick witted
c) The kings messengers did not try very hard to find the jester
d) The jester did not return to the court till the k ing had asked forgiveness
187.
Spied
a) Watched
b) Followed
c) Stared
d) Noticed
188.
Subsided
a) Lessened
b) Failed
c) Collapse
d) Calm
189.
Choose the word which is most opposite in meaning to the word
Promptly
a) Later
b) Behind
c) Relaxed
d) Lately
190.
Pleasing
a) Sorrow
b) Disliking
c) Worsening
d) Hating
you to locate them, while answering some of the questions.
46
It is time, we looked at the latent causes. Where does the strength of India
lie? Not in numbers, not necessarily in our moral stands on international issues. In
modern times, the strength of a nation lies in its achievements in science and
technology. This is not to say that other fields do not count.
In the five decades after independence, we have yet to demonstrate our
originality in applied science and technology. Though Japan also started like us, yet
by cultivating the technology of the West, the Japanese adapted, improved and
displayed originality in several areas of science and technology. The generation
which is at the helm of affairs in science and in our country after independence
mostly consisted of self seekers. By and large with a few exceptions. The science
and technology managers in India concentrated in gaining power and influence.
They loved publicity. Most of them stopped doing science while they managed
science. Things would have been better had they been humble enough to
acknowledge the difference between doing and managing science. Instead they
claimed they were the foremost in science and technology, simply because they
were at the helm of affairs. As a result, they ceased to inspire the younger lot. India
continues to be a borrowers of science and technology, even though its potential for
originality is substantial.
Our achievements in nuclear science and technology may be dazzling to
our people. But, in worth and originality, they are ordinary and routine. While our
own people remain ignorant the people of other countries know all about the
pretensions to knowledge of our nuclear science and technology managers. Our
subtle way of sabotaging our nuclear goals is to help hollow persons reach and
remain at the helm of affairs. International bodies come in as handy tools in that
subtle process. The veil of secrecy effectively protects the mismanagement in our
nuclear establishments. The talk of national security comes as an easy weapon to
prevent any probe into mismanagement. On nuclear matters the media in our
country, by and large avoid the mismatch between promise and hence performance
in the nuclear field does not get exposed as much as the mismanagement in other
fields.
191.
What does the author mean by doing science?
a) Demonstrating exaggerated performance without achieving the desired
level
b) Managing effectively the administrative functions involved in the power
game
c) Concentrating on such researches which have very low practical utility
d) Displaying genuine acumen and performance in scientific studies
192.
Doing science and managing science are implied by the author
is analogous to
a) Set target and achieving it
b) Fact and fantasy
c) Originality and adaptability
d) Scientific inventions and disc overy of principles
47
193.
The author of the passage has
a) Criticised the power hung Indian technocrats
b) Appreciated the Japanese scientists unduly and exorbitantly
c) Hailed Indias technological advancement in the past five decades
d) Underestimated the Japanese and Chinese scientists and t echnologists
194.
Which of the following is the commonality between the Indian and
the Japanese scientists?
a) Both have displayed originally in applied sciences
b) Both have displayed and advancement of substandard quality
c) Both have displayed greed f or influence and power
d) Both have displayed remarkable just for publicity
195.
Which of the following is the correct assessment of Indias post
independence nuclear and scientific advancements?
a) Originality and adaptability is duly displayed in the field of applied
science
b) Our achievement in nuclear science and technology are dazzling
c) Our achievements are of a very ordinary quality and routine nature
d) Our scientists have done full justice to the developmental needs of
nuclear science
196.
Find out the word from the given options, which is most nearly the
same in meaning as the word given in bold as used in the passage.
Latent
a) Cautions
b) Hidden
c) Overt
d) Brilliant
197.
Find out the word from the given options, which is most nearly the
same in meaning as the word given in bold as used in the passage.
Handy
a) Silent
b) Hand-rolled
c) Suitable
d) Solemn
198.
Find the word which is most nearly opposite in meaning to the
Dazzling
a) Tremendous
b) Domineering
c) Deafening
d) Brilliant
199.
Find the word which is most nearly opposite in meaning to the
Humble
a) Doctile
b) Llethargic
c) Stupid
d) Cunning
48
you locate them while answering some of the questions.
During the reign of King, Veer, there lived a wise magistrate. Haripants
verdicts were always just and people from all over the vast kingdom came to him in
order to settle their disputes. In the city where Haripant lived, there was a greedy
ghee merchant named Niranjan. He always kept twenty barrels of ghee. Of these,
fifteen would contain good quality ghee and the remaining would be adulterated, he
would mix into and sell it. This went on for a time, till finally the people fed up
being cheated and complained to Haripant.
Haripant had the ghee examined and found it to be adulterated. He gave
Niranjan a choice of punishment drink the five barrels of adulterated ghee from his
shop or receive a hundred lashings or pay a thousand gold coins in the treasury.
Niranjan thought for a while. Losing a thousand gold coins was too much and a
hundred lashings are painful. So, he decided to drink the barrels of ghee.
Though Niranjan adulterated goods in his shop, they made sure his own
food was of the best quality. So, after drinking one barrel of ghee, he began to feel
sick. By the second barrel, he was vomiting. At this point he decided to opt for the
lashings instead. But he was pampered and his body was unused to any harsh
treatment. After ten lashes, he started trembling and by twenty he was giddy. Stop!
He screamed I will pay the thousand gold coins! and he handed them.
So, he ended up suffering all three punishments something he did not
forget in a hurry and the people of the city got to use only the best quality ghee in
their food from then on!.
200.
Why did the people decide to go to Haripant with their complaint?
a) He was close to the King and would get justice for them
b) Thuey knew Niranjan was afraid of Haripant, who punished people
severely
c) They were confident that he would listen to their complaint and give a
fair judgement
d) He was the only magistrate in the entire kingdom
201.
Why did Haripant allow Niranjan to choose his own punishment?
a) He felt sorry for Niranjan
b) Niranjans offence was minor
c) He did not want Niranjan to appeal of the king for leniency
d) None of these
202.
Why did Niranjan decide to drink adulterated ghee for his
punishment?
a) Since the barrels were from his shop he thought he could substitute the
adulterated ghee with good ghee
b) He wanted to prove that the quality of ghee he sold was good
49

c) He was greedy and had a big appetite so he thought he would easily drink
the ghee
d) He considered it the easiest of the punishments as he did not realise what
effect the ghee would have on him
203.
Why did Niranjan suffer three punishments?
a) He had cheated so many people that his punishment had to be severe
b) Haripant had ordered this so that Niranjan would never repat his offence
c) Haripant wanted to make an example of him so that other merchants
would not cheat their customers
d) Niranjan could not decide which punishment to under go. So, Haripant
awarded him all three punishments.
204.
Choose the word which is most similar in meaning as the word
Cheated
a) Unfaithful
b) Blamed
c) Exploited
d) Dodged
205.
Choose the word which is most similar in meaning as the word
Suffering
a) Hardship
b) Distressing
c) Hurting
d) Experiencing
206.
Best
a) Damaged
b) Inferior
c) Spoiled
d) Defective
207.
Unused
a) Accustomed
b) Routine
c) Often
d) Normal
questioins given below it. Certain words/phrases are given in the bold to help
Many years ago, I was the chief guest at a function. This was held in a
hostel for poor students that had been built by a philanthropist. Food and shelter
were free, but students had to bear other expenses like tuition and clothing.
In my younger days, I have come across many families, who would look
after students who were economically backward but otherwise bright. They used to
50

help them with their fees or clothing and often with their food as well. In those
days, most colleges were located in larger towns. Many poor students, who came to
study in these towns used to stay with these families and would be treated as a part
of the family. The woman of the house considered this a good deed and helped the
poor students whole heartedly. Today, the situation is different. Even smaller towns
have schools and colleges, so this custom has disappeared.
While I was sitting on the dais, I remembered the past and congratulated the
person, who had built the hostel. It was a good deed and of great help to many
students. The hostel secretary told me about some of the students in the hostel, who
had secured ranks but had a problem paying their tuition fees.
He said, Madam, this year we have three students from different
disciplines who have secured ranks. All of these are from extremely poor families.
They have one more year to complete their degrees. What are they studying?
One is in medicine, the second in engineering and the third in commerce. Can I
meet them after the function?
The function went on as usual. Often, at such functions too much praise is
lavished on the chief guest. Sometimes, they even make exaggerated and false
claims about the chief guest. I feel this unnecessary praising is the highest form of
corruption where people are easily fooled, and it encourages those who are praised
to develop an inflated opinion of themselves. Thats why in the twelfth century, in
Karnataka, the great revolutionary leader Basaveshwara warned in his teaching that
praise is like a golden gallows.
After the function, I met the three poor bright boys whom the secretary had
told me about. They were a little puzzled, shy and nervous. All of them had the
same story father in a small job unable to make ends meet, a large family back in
the village, no land or any other asset. Only sheer determination to excel in studies
had brought them here against all odds.
208.
How did poor students manage their expenses in towns, if a college
education was not available to them in their villages?
a) They used to get regular help from the philantrhropist
b) Their fees and clothing expenses were borne by the colleges
c) Many families used to provide them facilities on payment
d) None of these
209.
Why has the practice of students from villages staying with families
in towns stopped now a days?
a) Families have found education has become very expensive
b) Higher education is available to students even in smaller towns
c) There is no need for students to go in for higher education these days
d) The situation is altogether different as t he educational structure has
changed
210.
What does the author dislike about functions?
a) The false or exaggerated praise showered on the chief guest
b) Selection of corrupt persons as chief guests
51

c) The awkward situation created by the audience
d) The shyness and nervousness of the audience
211.
Which of the following was not a common factor among the three
students?
a) Subjects of study
b) Family background
c) Lack of resources
d) Intelligence
212.
Bear
a) Tolerate
b) Ensure
c) Pay
d) Receive
213.
Lavished
a) Showered
b) Taken
c) Abundant
d) Warranted
214.
Choose the word which is most nearly opposite in meaning to the
Bright
a) Light
b) Dark
c) Unintelligent
d) Glowing
215.
Choose the word which is most nearly opposite in meaning to the
Exaggerated
a) Narranted
b) Expelled
c) Stopped
d) Understand
In a reversal of the norm elsewhere, in India policymakers and economists
have become optimists while bosses do the worrying. The countrys Central Bank
has predicted that the countrys economy is likely to grow at a double digit rate
during the next 20-30 years. India has the capability with its vast labour and lauded
entrepreneurial spirit. But he private sector which is supposed to do the heavy
lifting that turns India from the worlds tenth largest economy to its third largest by
2030 has become fed up. Business people often carp bout Indias problems but their
irritation this time has a nervous edge. In the first quarter of 2011, GDP grew at an
52

annual rate of 7.8%; in 2005-07 it managed 9-10%. The economy may be slowing
naturally as the low interest rates and public spending that got India through the
global crisis are belatedly withdrawn. At the same time the surge in inflation caused
by exorbitant food prices has spread more widely, casting doubts over whether India
can grow at 8-10 % in the medium term without overheating.
In India, as in many fast growing nations, the confidence to invest depends
on the conviction that the long term trajectory is intact and it is that which is in
doubt. Big Indian firms too sometimes seem happier to invest abroad than at home,
in deals thatare often hailed as symbols of the countrys growing clout but
sometimes speak to its weaknesses purchases of natural resources that India has in
abundance but struggles to get out of the ground. In fact a further dip in investment
could be self fulfilling: if fewer roads, ports and factories are built, this will hurt
both short term growth figures and reduce the economys long term capacity.
There is a view that because a fair amount of growth is assured the
government need to try very hard. The liberalization reforms that began in 1991
freed markets for products and gave rise to vibrant competition, at the same time
what economists call factor markets, those for basic inputs like land, power, labour
etc. remain unreformed and largely under state control, which creates difficulties.
Clearances today can take three to four years and many employers are keen to
replace workers with machines despite an abundance of labour force. This can be
attributed to labour laws which are inimical to employee creation and an education
system that means finding quality manpower a major problem. In fact the Planning
Commission, concluded that even achieving 9% growth will need marked policy
action in unreformed sectors. Twenty years ago it was said that the yardstick against
which India should be measured was its potential and it is clear that there remains
much to do.
216.
.What is the state of Indias basic input sectors at present?
a) These sectors attract Foreign Direct Investment because of their vast
potential.
b) These sectors are lagging as projects are usually awarded to foreign
companies.
c) These sectors are stagnating and badly in need of reforms.
d) These sectors are well regulated as there are governed by the State
217.
Which of the following can be said about the Indian economy at
present?
a) It can comfortably achieve doubel digit growth rate at present.
b) High food prices have led to overheating of the economy.
c) Citizens are affluent owing to laxity in regulation.
d) Unreformed sectors are a drag on economic growth.
218.
Which of the following is most opposite in meaning to the word
MARKED given in bold as used in the passage?
a) Decreased
b) Ignored
c) Clear
d) Assessed
53
to locate them while answering some of the questions.
The great fear in Asia a short while ago was that the region would suffer
through the wealth destruction already taking place in the U.S. as a result of the
financial crisis. Stock markets tumbled as exports plunged and economic growth
deteriorated. Lofty property prices in China and elsewhere looked set to bust as
credit tightened and buyers evaporated. But with surprising speed, fear in Asia
swung back to greed as the regin shows signs of recovery and property and stock
prices are soaring in many parts of Asia.
Why should this sharp Asian turn around be greeted with skepticism?
Higher asset prices mean households feel wealthier and better able to spend, which
could further fuel the regions nascent rebound. But just as easily, Asia could soon
find itself saddled with overheated markets similar to the U.S. housing market. In
short, the world has not changed, it has just moved placed.
The incipient bubble is being created by government policy. In response to
the global credit crunch of 2008, Policy makers in Asia slashed interest rates and
flooded financial sectors with cash in frantic attempts to keep loans flowing and
economies growing. These steps were logical for central bankers striving to reverse
a deepening economic crisis but there is evidence that there is too much easy money
around. Its winding up in stocks and real estate, pushing prices up too far and too
fast for the undenying economic fundamentals. Much of the concern is focused on
China where government stimulus efforts have been large and effective, Money in
China has been especially easy to find. Aggreegate new bank lending surged 201%
in first half of 2009 from the same period a year earlier, to nearly 51.1 turn on,
Exuberance over a quick recovery which was given a boost by Chinas surprisingly
strong 7.9% GDP growth in the second quarter hjas buoyed investor sentiment not
just for stocks but also for real estate.
Former U.S. Federal Reserve Chairman Alan Greenspan argued that
bubbles could only be recognised in hand sight. But investors who have been well
schooled in the dangers of bubbles over the past decade are increasingly wary that
prices have risen too far and that the slightest bit of negative, economic news could
knock markets for a loop. These fears are compounded by the possibility that Asias
central bankers willbegin taking stops to shut off the money. Rumours that Beijing
was on the verge of tightening credit led to Shanghai stocks plunging 5%. Yet many
economists believe that, there is close to a zero possibility that the Chinese
government will do anything this year that constitutes tightening. And without a
major shift in thinking, the easy-money conditions will stay in place. In a global
economy that has produced more dramatic ups and downs than anyone thought
possible over the past two years. Asia may beneading for another disheartening
plunge.
219.
What does the author want to convey through the phrase The
world has not changed it has just moved places?
54

a) At present countries are more dependent on Asian economies than on the
US economy
b) Economies have become interlinked on account of globalisation
c) Asian governments are implementing the same economic reforms as
developed countries
d) None of these
220.
Which of the following can be said about the Chinese governments
efforts to revive the economy?
a) These were largely unsuccessful as only the housing market improved
b) The governments only concern was to boost investor confidence in
stocks
c) These efforts were ineffectual as the economy recovered owing to the US
market stabilising
d) These were appropriate and accmplished the goal of economic revival
221.
What do the statistics about loans given by Chinese banks in 2009
indicate?
a) There was hardly any demand for loans in 2008
b) The Chinese government has borrowed funds from the US
c) China will take longer than the US to recover from the economic crisis
d) None of these
222.
What is the authors main objective in writing the passage?
a) Illustrating that Asian economies are financially more sound than those
of developed countries
b) Disputing financial theories about how recessions can be predicted and
avoided
c) Warning Asian countries about the dangers of favouring fast growth and
profits over sound economic-principles
d) Extoiling Chinas incredible growth and urging other countries to
emulate it
223.
Why does the author doubt the current resurgence of Asian
economics?
a) Their economies are too heavily reliant on the American economy which
is yet to recover
b) Central banks have slashed interest rates too abruptly which is likely to
cause stock markets to crash
c) With their prevailing economic conditions they are at risk for a financial
crisis
d) Their GDP has not grown significantly during the last financial year
to locate them while answering some of the questions.
55
Delays of several months in Natioinal Rural Employment Guarantee

Scheme wage payments and work sites where labourers have lost all hope of being
paid at all have become the norm in many states. How are workers who exist on the
margins of subsistence supposed to feed their families? Under the scheme, workers
must be paid within 15 days, failing which they are entitled to compensation under
the Payment of Wages Act upto Rs.3000 per aggrieved worker. In reality,
compensation is received in only a few isolated instances. It is often argued by
officials that the main reason for the delay is the inability of banks and post offices
to handle mass payments of NREGS wages. Though there is agrain of truth in this,
as a diagnosis it is misleading. The jam in the banking system has been the result
of the hasty switch to bank payments imposed by the Central Government against
the recommendation of the Central Employment Guarantee Council which
advocated a gradual transition starting with villages relatively close to the nearest
bank. However, delays are not confined solely to the banking system. Operational
hurdles include implementing agencies taking more than fifteen days to issue
payment orders, viewing of work measurement as a cumbersome process resulting
in procrastination by the engineering staff and non maintenance of muster rolls and
job card etc. But behind these delays lies a deeper and deliberate backlash against
the NREGS. With bank payments making it much harder to embezzle NREGS
funds, the programme is seen as a headache by many government functionaries the
workload has remained without the inducements. Slowing down wage payments
is a convenient way of sabotaging the scheme because workers will desert NREGS
worksites.
The common sense solution advocated by the government is to adopt the
business correspondent model. Where in bank agents will go to villages to make
cash payments and duly record them on handheld, electronic devices. This solution
is based on the wrong diagnosis that distance separating villages from banks is the
main issue. In order to accelerate payments, clear timilines for every step of the
payment process should be incorporated into the system as Programme Officers
often have no data on delays and cannot exert due pressure to remedy the situation.
Workers are both clueless and powerless with no provision for them to air their
grievances and seek redress. In drought affected areas the system of piece rate work
can be dispensed with where work measurement is not completed withinn a week
and wages may be paid on the basis of attendance. Buffer funds can be provided to
gram panchayats and post offices to avoid bottlenecks in the flow of funds. Partial
advances could also be considered provided wage payment are meticulously
tracked. But failure to recognise problems and unwillingness to remedy them will
remain major threats to the NREGS.
224.
What impact have late wage payments had on NREGS workers?
a) They cannot obtain employment till their dues are cleared
b) They have benefited from the compensation awarded to them
c) They have been unable to provide for their families
d) None of these
56

225.
Which of the following factors has not been responsible for
untimely payment of NREGS wages?
a) Communication delays between agencies implementing the scheme
b) Improper record keeping
c) Behind schedule release of payments by banks
d) Drought conditions prevalent in the country
226.
What has the outcome of disbursing NREGS wages through banks
been?
a) Theft of funds by administratioin officials responsible for the scheme has
reduced
b) Increased work load for local government officials
c) Protests by workers who have to travel long distances to the nearest bank
to claim their wages
d) Time consuming formalities have to be completed by workers
227.
To which of the following has the author attributed the delay in
wage payments?
a) Embezzlement of funds by corrupt bank staff
b) Lack of monitoring by the Central Employment Guarantee Council
c) An attempt to derail the NREGS by vested interests
d) Overworked bank staff deliberately delay payments to protest against
extra work
228.
Which of the following can be considered a deficiency in the
NREGS?
a) Lack of co-ordinatioin among Programme Officers
b) Local officials are unaware of correct operational procedures
c) Workers have no means of obtaining redressal for untimely wage
payments
d) Disbursing wages through banks instead of readily accessible post
offices
Directions (Q. 229-233) In the following questions, you have one brief passage
with five questions. Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer to
each question out of the four alternatives.
Although Indians spend less money on allopathic medicines than people in
most Asian Countries, more than 40,000 drugs formulations are available here. All
manufacturers are required by law to provide information about their product either
on the packaging or in a pamphlet inside. But, in many cases, this information is
very meagre and hard to understand. Many doctors, too do not tell their patients
anything about the drugs they prescribe.
What should we be concerned about when we take drugs? There are two
areas: (1) Side effects. Many people taking a drug will notice an undesirable
reaction, usually minor. But even the mildest drugs can do harm if taken
57

improperly, long enough or in excessive doses. And everyone responds to a drug
differently. (2) Failyre to follow directions. Many of us disobey prescription
instructions on how much to take and when. It is eady to fall into thinking that more
of the drug will speed up the healing. It is more common, however, for people to
stop taking a drug when they begin to feel better. This, too, can be dangerous.
What are the steps to be taken for safety? Take a drug only as
recommended on the label or by the doctor. (2) If you feel ill after taking a drug,
check it with a doctor. (3) Do not mix drugs. (4) Check whether any food or
activities are to avoided.
229.
Which one of the following statements is true?
a) Indians use more than 40,000 allopathic drugs
b) Indians hate allopathic medicines
c) Other Asian countries do not have allopathic medicines
d) Indians cannot afford allopathic drugs
230.
How are drug users to be instructed by the manufacturers?
a) Doctors should give a manual of instructions.
b) The Chemist should issue an instruction manual.
c) Information should be printed on the carton or in a pamphlet kept inside
it.
d) Patients should keep in touch with drug manufactuters.
231.
Only one of the following sentences is right identify it.
a) All medicines produce reactions of various degrees in their users
b) Even mild drugs are not always safe
c) Medicines should be discontinued as soon as we feel better
d) More than the prescribed dose brings quicker recovery
232.
Drug manufacturers _______
a) do not give instructions
b) give all necessary instructions
c) give very little and unintelligible information
d) give information only when asked
233.
Which one of the following is true?
a) Throw away the drug that produces side effects and try another
b) Drugs may be taken with all kinds of foods
c) Drugs do not inhibit our normal life style
d) Drugs should be used only according to prescription
given questions. Certain words have been given in bold to help you locate them
58

On attending a conference, which focused on the role of the services sector
in Indian economy I was amazed. The conference gave a very interesting
perspective on the role of the service sector in the growth of Indian economy in
relation to growth rates in agriculture and industry. The current situation in India is
that the growth rate of services has overtaken both agriculture and industry and is
now contributing to more than 50% of GDP. The services sector has the highest
growth rate and is the least volatile sector. Growth is particularly marked in public
services, IT and financial services. In some areas, the growth rate of the services
sector is 40-50% due to increased use of mobile technologies. India, therefore has, a
services oriented economy. It hasnt followed traditional growth models as in
China. However, in the process of doing so it has skipped the manufacturing stage
and has jumped straight from the agriculture stage to service stage which is also the
main reason for the expansion of the service sector. In fact, the situation now is such
that the growth in the service sector can and will support in the agriculture and
industrial sectors.
However, the only setback for Indian economy is the lack of growth in the
manufacturing sector, which causes dependence on other coutnries, which is not so
desirable in terms of job creation and increased prosperity.
Population is also a major concern of the Indian economy. As the
population of India grows so also does the number of dependents in the population
in both the lower and higher age groups. In such a scenario of increasing
population, especially in an economy which still recovering from crisis, growth
becomes difficult. For such an economy to grow it has to invest.
Currently, the public sector invests more than it saves. The household sector
saves in surplus, but it is not increasing so it cannot continue to support private and
public sectors. There is a massive need to spend on agriculture and infrastructure
development of the country. Apart from that health and educatiopn should also be
the priority of the government particularly the education of women in order to
reduce the birth rate.
234.
Choose the word which is most opposite in meaning to word given
in bold as used in the passage.
Volatile
a) Erratic
b) Impatient
c) Stable
d) Solid
235.
What does the author mean by the statement, a growth
window for India will open.?
a) In the coming years, the Indian economy will grow as the service sector
of the country would be booming due to the focus of the government in that
sector.
b) In the next two decades, Indian economy will have an opportunity to
grow as the working population of India will be high as compared to
the dependent population.
59

c) There would be only a small period of time in which the economy of
India has to grow and if it fails to do so it will never be able to recover from
the economic downfall.
d) Only upto the next two decades would Indian people be interested in
finding jobs in the country beyond which they would search for jobs abroad
thus hampering the growth of Indian economy.
236.
Prerequisites
a) Requirements
b) Instincts
c) Prohibitions
d) Acknowldgements
237.
What does the author mean by the statement, to change the bad
sectors to good sectors.?
a) In order to deal with the problem of poverty it is important to distinguish
between good and bad sectors and encourage people to start searching fro
jobs in the good sectors.
b) The government should make efforts to improve the sectors that are not
functioning well in order create greater job opportunities in those sectors
and in turn eradicate poverty
c) Poverty alleviation is possible only if the government understands the
importance of good sectors and provides it with necessary opportunities
d) The bad sectors of the country should be identified and such jobs should
be outsourced to other underprivileged countries in order to eradicate
poverty from those countries.
238.
given in bold as used in the passage?
Perspective
a) View point
b) Prospect
c) Attitude
d) Agreement
239.
Which of the following is true as per the passage?
a) India has not followed the conventional model of growth and has moved
directly from the agriculture sector to the service sector.
b) The service sector of the country is yet to make a mark on the IT and
financial sectors of the country.
c) With availability of labour and growth in human skills, the service sector
of Indian economy is booming limitlessly as there is no restriction on
movement of labour.
d) India has become self reliant and does not have to depend on other
countries because of the development in the manufacturing sector
240.
According to the author, which of the following can be said about
the growth of service sector in India?
60

a) India is essentially an agrarian economy and is not yet ready to shift
forcus from agriculture sector to service sector
b) The expansion of service sector in India was seen mainly because of the
growth in the agricultural sector
c) Indian economy cannot run only on the basis of service sector i.e.,
without further development in the agriculture and the industrial sector
d) The growth of service sector in India is facilitated by the improvement in
technology
241.
Massive
a) Prominent
b) Proactive
c) Short
d) Little
given questions. Certain words/phrases are given in bold to help you to locate
them while answering some of the questions.
We should never confuse education with training or the tools that
educators use. Education is no more a computer or an online class than it is a
chalkboard-those are simply tools. Additionally, precious few new and relevant
findings have been added to our into the learning process; much of what many
proclaim to be insightful turns out to be faddish and misguided. What we need for
learning to occur are well prepared and motivated teachers, students who are willing
and able to learn and a social system that values educational attainment. Many
might take exception to these assertions, raising a host of ancillary social, economic,
nutritional and sociological issues. However, decades of data from failed public
experiments aimed at mitigating these problems argue to the contrary.
What are we to do? Create a wave of educational entrepreneurship? Despite
all of the hype and media attention, no one currently knows the best way forward.
We must incentivise educationalists, technologists, and classroom teachers to
experiment and innovate. Such partnershhips should truly explore alternatives as we
seek to define the blended face to face and online class rooms of the future. Some
approaches will fail, but that is part of the change process.
There will be no one size fits all experience success will vary by discipline
and educational objectives. Unless everyone involved in this process is inspired to
take risks, we will not enjoy the full potential these new approaches represent. Also,
we should not forget the extent to which those who most benefit from the current
system will attempt to hijack this change process for their own purposes.
With these issues in mind, consider the following vision of the change
process to the classroom of tomorrow a vision that leverages technology to create
a more personalised learning experience. With the onset of this vision the professor
student relationship will change. What is not likely to survive is the large class in
which every one progress at the same pace.
61

That paradigm will be replaced by a more customised and colloborative
learning process. The reality of a technology enabled personalised learning
environment is till evolving. What seems clear is that at its heart is a more
collaborative and student mapped and paced process. The function of the professor,
aided by educationalists, will also change.
Student professor collaboration will then determine both what content can
be assigned to practice methods and how the student demonstrates mastery of that
content. In such cases, timing issues will most likely be left entirely in the students
hands, while technology specialists recommend the best hardware and software
solutions.
Critical thinking or application ideas will involve more specialised, face to
face and interactive online approaches geared to the real time needs and progress
the students is making.
Thus, the professor, with the students help, will vigilantly mix and blend the
learning ingredients to produce a new learning environment. How this process plays
out in reality will be the result of educational entrepreneurship but is will surely
entail both successes and some failures.
The administration and accreditation of education will also have to change.
As more education occurs outside the bricks and mortar framework and is more
centred on the student professor interaction, the role of all non teaching staff will
need to be reassessed. As students and faculty increase their use of technology to
personalise their formal and informal learning, educational technologists must be
on hand to facilitate the effective use of that technology.
Also, the current hierarchical and standardised oucomes formulas for
administration and accreditation of colleges and universities are no longer tenable.
Realistically, they are an impediment to the change needed.
Finally, we must address one of the most serious challenges facing online
education cheating, simply put, cheating is rampant and we are turning a blind eye
to the problem. Cheating threatenes the integrity of the educational process and the
value added of the degree. Solutions must be found and implemented or all changes
will be for naught.
242.
Which of the following is most nearly the same in meaning as the
word given in bold as used in the passage?
Entail
a) Limit
b) Occasion
c) Involve
d) Subject
243.
Which of the following can be the most suitable title for the
passage?
a) Educating through technology what the future can be
b) Teachers An obsolete future
c) The hype around technology aided education
d) Limitations of technology
62

244.
Which of the following is most OPPOSITE in meaning to the
word given in bold as used in the passage?
Mitigating
a) Aggravating
b) Irritating
c) Annoying
d) Frustrating
245.
Which of the following is most nearly the same is meaning in the
word given is bold as used in the passage?
Personalise
a) Customise
b) Cause
c) Sensible
d) Own
246.
Which of the following is most OPPOSITE is meaning word given
in bold as used in the passage?
Impediment
a) Freedom
b) Advantage
c) Extravagancy
d) Luxury
247.
What does the author mean when he uses the words will be for
naught?
a) will be in trouble
b) will face complications
c) will not be allowed
d) will come together
248.
According to the author, which of the following is not true about
cheating?
a) It is one of the gravest problems faced in education
b) It undermines the value of the credential obtained through education
c) Not much is being done to curtail it at present
d) It is quite prevalent at present
questions given below it. Certain words/phrases in the passage are printed in
bold to help you locate them while answering some of the questions.
Indra foresaw that a supreme contest was inevitable between his son Arjuna
and Karna; and he put on the garb of a Brahmana and came to Karna, who was
reputed for his charity, and begged of him his earrings and armour. The Sun god
had already warned Karna in a dream that Indra would try to deceive him in this
manner. Still, Karna could not bring himself to refuse any gift that was asked of
him. Hence he cut off the earrings and armour with which he was born and gave
them to the Brahmana.
Indra, the king of gods, was filled with surprise and joy. After accepting the
gift, he praised Karna as having done what no one else would do, and shamed into
generosity, bade Karna ask for any boon he wanted.
63

Karna replied: I desire to get your weapon, the Sakti which has the power
to kill enemies. Indra granted the boon, but with a fateful proviso. He said : You
can use this weapon against but one enemy, and it will kill him whosoever he may
be. But this killing done, this weapon will no longer be available to you but will
return to me. With these words Indra disappeared.
Karna went to Parasurama and became his disciple by representing to him
that he was a Brahmana. He learnt of Parasurama the mantra for using the master
weapon known as Brahmastra. One day Parasurama was reclining with the head on
Karnas lap when a stinging worm burrowed into Karnas thigh. Blood began to
flow and the pain was terrible, but Karna bore it without tremor lest he should
disturb the masters sleep. Parasurama awoke and saw the blood which had poured
from the wound. He said: Dear pupil, you are not a Brahmana. A Kshatriya alone
can remain unmoved under all bodily torments. Tell me the truth.
Karna confessed that he had told a lie in presenting himself as a Brahmana
and that he was in fact the son of a charioteer. Parasurama in his anger pronounced
this curse on him: Since you deceived your guru, the Brahmastra you have learnt
shall fail you at the fated moment. You will be unable to recall the invocatory
mantra when you hour comes.
It was because of this curse that at the crisis of his last fight with Arjuna,
Karna was not able to recall the Brahmastra spell, though he had remembered it till
then. Karna was the faithful friend of Duryodhana and remained loyal with the
Kauravas until the end. After the fall of Bhishma and Drona, Karna became the
leader of the Kaurava army and fought brilliantly for two days. In the end, the wheel
of his chariot stuck in the ground and he was not able to lift it free and drive the
chariot along. While he was in this predicament, Arjuna killed him. Kunti was
sunk in sorrow, all the more poignant because she had, at that time, to conceal it.
249.
How did Parasurama find that Karna was not a Brahmana?
a) Karna himself confessed his identity before Parasurama.
b) Karna bore the sting of a worm without any tremor
c) Parasurama had acquire3d the ability to know everything through his
third eye.
d) He asked Karnas father about his identity.
250.
Why did Karna decide toi become Parasuramas disciple on the
pretext that he was a Brahmana?
a) Because Parsurama was a Brahmana.
b) Parasurama hated Kshatriyas and Sudras.
c) Parasurama was a man who believed in strict notions of castes.
d) Not given in the passage
251.
Why could Karna not refuse the demands for his earrings and
armour made by Indra?
a) Because Karna was the son of Indra
b) Because Karna was known for his charity.
64

c) Karna, being the son of a charioteer, could not refuse Indra, the King of
Gods.
d) Karna was deceived by Indra in the guise of a Brahmana.
252.
Why did Parasurama curse Karna?
a) Because Karna decided to use the Brahmastra on Parasurama.
b) Because Karna failed to learn the techniques of a Kshatriya.
c) Because Karna concealed his identity and betrayed his master.
d) Because Karna had vowed to destroy the hermitage of Parasurama.
253.
What would be the effect of the curse?
a) That Karna would not be able to recall the Brahmastra spell when his
hour came.
b) That the invocatory mantra would cease to act on the person targeted.
c) That he would not be able to pass the spell to his friends.
d) That he would be killed by his own invocatory mantra of the Brahmastra.
254.
Choose the word/group of words which is MOST SIMILAR in
Tremor
a) Fear
b) Trembling
c) Offering
d) Sorrow
255.
Poignant
a) Defile
b) Straight
c) Foul
d) Painful
256.
Predicament
a) Difficulty
b) Fancy
c) Hurry
d) Emergency
257.
Choose the word/group of words which is MOST OPPOSITE in
Reclining
a) Resting
b) Standing
c) Waiting
d) Thinking
258.
Choose the word/group of words which is MOST OPPOSITE in
Torments
a) Suffering
b) Pain
c) Anxiety
d) Comfort
65
questions given below it. Certain words are given in bold to help you to locate
them, while answering some of the questions.
The wakeup call that China represents to India is not limited to its
showpiece urban centres or that New Delhi hopes India will experience the benefits
that the Olympic Games have brought to Beijing. More pertinent is the comparison
of the agricultural sectors of the two countries. Why and how has China managed to
outstrip India in agriculture when 25 years ago the two countries were on par on
most parameters? Both have traditionally been agrarian economies and over half
their populations continue to depend on the land for their livelihood. With large
populations and histories of famine, India and China share concern on issues such
as food security, however, while Indias agricultural sector is projected to grow by
about 2.5% this year a slide from the previous years growth. Chinas has been
steadily growing at between 4% and 5% over the last fifteen years. The widest
divergence between India and China is in the profitable horticultural sector with the
production of fruits and vegetables in China leaping from 60 million tonnes in 1980
compared to Indias 55 million tonnes at the same time, to 450 million tonnes in
2003 ahead of Indias corresponding 135 million tonnes. Chinas added advantage
lies in the more diversified composition of its agricultural sector with animal
husbandry and fisheries which account for close to 45% of growth compared to
30% for India.
According to the latest report by Economic Advisory Council the traditional
excuses for Indias substandard is placed favourably when compared to China in
terms of quantity of arable land, average farm size, farm mechanization etc. The
reasons for China having outperformed India are threefold : technological
improvements accruing from research and development (China has over 1000 R
and D centres devoted to agriculture), Investment in rural infrastructure and an
increasingly liberalised agricultural policy moving away from self-sufficiency to
leveraging the competitive advantage with a focus on effieiency as much as
equity. Investment in rural infrastructure, roads, storage facilities, marketing
facilities are also crucial but government support in India has been mainly been
through subsidies, not investment. There has been much debate about sibsidies and
their utility, the opposing view being that subsidies are against the market reforms
and distort the market as well as reduce resource efficiency. In contrast to the 2046
applications for the registration of new plant varieties in China over the past few
years data reveals that despite India having the largest number of agricultural
scientists in the World Indias current research track record is abysmal, equivalent
to what China achieved in the 1908s. Far from developing new strains, the number
of field crop varieties fell by 50% between 1997 and 2001 despite the fact that there
was sharp and sustained increase in funding. One reason is that majority of the
budget is eaten up by staff salaries with only 3% being allotted for research. In
contrast, most agricultural research centres in China must use Central Government
funding purely for research. Funds relating to salareis and other administrative
incidentals must be generated by the centres themselves. The centres and sci entists
66

are thus, encouraged to engage in joint ventures witjh private sector compani es to
form commercial signoffs from their research. In fact research staff are now being
hired on a contract basis with pay based on performance and salaries raised
proportionately for those who perform well. India needs to learn from Chinas
example and adopt a pragmatic approach if it has to meet its targets of the Eleventh
five year plan.
259.
What has been the major area of difference in the development of
the agricultural sectors of India and China?
a) Quantity of arable land in China is far greater than in India
b) Food security is not a concern for China as the country is basically self
sufficient
c) China has experienced substantial growth in production in allied
agricultural activities like horticulture
d) Indias agricultural sector is too diversified so it is difficult to channel
funds for development
260.
How are Chinese agricultural research facilities governed?
a) Salaries of staff are linked to performance which hampers productive
research
b) Their funding comes from the government alone to prevent private
companies from manipulating the direction of their research
c) A fixed proportion of government grants is allotted to be utilized for
administrative incidentals which cannot be exceeded
d) None of these
261.
Which of the following is an advantage that India holds over China
with respect to the agricultural sector?
a) Lack of diversification of the agricultural sector
b) Superior technology and farming practices
c) Greater prevalence of farm mechanisation
d) Provision of fertilizer and power subsidies
262.
Why was there a drop in development of new crop varieties for five
years from 1997?
a) Government funding for research fell during that period
b) Funds were diverted during this period to agricultural mechanisation
c) The private sector was not allowed to fund research
d) None of these
263.
Which of the following is not true in the context of the passage?
a) Agricultural status of China and India was equivalent a quarter of a
century ago
b) Indias current economic growth rate is half that of China
c) China is traditionally an agrarian economy
d) Agricultural research in India is inadequate
67
questions given.
It is difficult to imaginje the extraordinary number of controls on Indian
industry before 1991. Enterpreneurs needed permission to invest and could be
penalized for exceeding production capacity. Even with the given investment
capacity they had, entering certain areas was prohibited as these were reserved for
the public sector. If they had to import anything, they required licences. To get these
licences was tough, they had to persuade a bureaucrat that the item was required but
even so permission was unvailable if somebody was already producing it in India.
The impact of the reforms was not instantaneously and permanently
wonderful. In Indias case it began to show after about a year and a half. After 1993
there came three years of rapid industrial growth of about 8% or so. But, in the
second half of the 90s, there had an impact on the Indian industry. But, in the last
few years there has been a tremendous upturn. With the rise of investment industrial
growth has reached double digits or close.
However, even during the period when industrial growth was not that rapid,
there is a lot of evidence that positive results of the reforms were seen. There were
companies that didnt look at all internally but instead performed remarkably in the
highly competitive global market. For instance, the software sectors performance
was ouotstanding in an almost totally global market. Reliance built a world class
refinery. Tatas developed an indigenously designed car. The success of the software
sector has created much higher expectations from and much higher confidence in
what Indian industry can do. On the governments side its a vindication that
liberalization of both domestic and external policies, including the increased inflow
of Foreign Direct Investment, has created an environment in which industry can do
well, has done well and is preparing to do even better. What they need is not sops,
but good quality infrastructure. For the 11th plan an industrial growth rate of around
12% is projected. It will have methods of developing infrastructure, which will
close the deficit. This can be done through increased investment in public sector for
those infrastructure areas, which cannot attract private investment, and through
efforts to improve private participation in different ways of public private
participation.
In the early stages of reforms, the liberalization of trade policies and a shift
to a market determined exchange rate had the effect of removing constrains on
agriculture in terms of depressed prices. The removal of protection on industry
helped to produce a more level playing field, because the earlier system was
extremely unfair to agriculture. The lesson to be learnt from the reforms process is
to persevere in reforming the strategic parts of the economy, which will lead to even
higher growth rate. India has to do better than its current average growth rate of 8%
and ensure that benefits from this higher growth go beyond industry and urban areas
and extend to agriculture.
264.
Which of the following factors was responsible for the fall in
Indias growth rate in the late 1990s?
68

a) The implementation of economic reforms was too rapid
b) It was expected after achieving a high growth at 10%
c) There was a slowdown in the global economy
d) There were sanctions against East Asian countries by WTO
265.
Which of the following can be said about the reforms of 1991?
a) They benefited Indian industry immediately
b) All Indian companies began to focus on indigenous development instead
of looking for opportunities abroad
c) They were targeted only at the software sector
d) They encouraged Foreign Direct Investment in India
266.
What was the impact of the flourishing Indian software sector?
a) Other companies were unable to be competitive in the global market
b) It fulled expectations of a good performance f rom the Indian economy
c) Growth rate rose to 12%
d) It created cut throat competition among software companies which
would hinder the sector in the long run
267.
Why was investment by private business disallowed in certain
sectors?
a) To ensure proper development in these sectors
b) To prevent corruption in key sectors like infrastructure
c) To ensure steady not inconsistent growth in key sectors
d) To protect the interest of the public sector in these sectors
268.
What is the authors opinion about the governments decision to
liberalise the economy in 1991?
a) It was beneficial because it created confidence in the Indian economy
b) The timing was wrong since the economy experienced a slowdown in
growth rate
c) It led to a focus on software and other sectors were neglected
d) Foreign companies took advantage of the new policies and exploited
certain sectors
269.
How did software companies deal with slow industrial growth in an
open Indian economy?
a) They focused on strengthening their position in the domestic market
b) They campaigned for infrastructure development
c) They diversified into different sectors
d) They targeted global markets
270.
What does the author recommend to ensure that the industrial
sector continues to perform better?
a) Subsidies should be provided in infrastructure development
69

b) Government should keep control of and monitor all infrastructure
projects
c) Wipe out any infrastructure deficit by transferring respnsibility of these
projects to the private sector
d) Ensure a combination of public and private sector involvement in
developing infrastructure
271.
How did the economic reforms affect the agriculture sector?
a) A system of market determined exchange rate was introduced
b) Constraints in agriculture increase
c) Prices were depressed because there was a removal of protection on the
sector
d) Agriculture growth rate doubled
questions given below it. Certain words are given in bold to help you locate
them while answering some of the questions.
Nobel Prize winner Joseph E. Stiglitz, described globalisation as a double
edged sword. For those willing to seize the opportunities and manage globalisation
on their own terms, it has provided the basis of unprecedented growth. Taking full
advantage of globalisation India has managed a historically unprecedented growth
rate for more than a decade and half. Following the Washington consensus in the
last quarter of 20th century, international institutions including the World Bank and
the International Monetary Fund mounted a sustained campaign to push
liberalisation of national economies and privatisation of their public sector.
Empirical studies have amply demonstrated that the benefits of the globalisation
have not been shared by all the countries. Even in the same country, the benefits
arising out of globalisation have not filtered to the various strate of the population
and disparities have widened. Thus, there are transparent inequalities amongst the
countries as also within the same country. India is no exception to the latter. In most
of the poorer countries in Africa growth rates have not registered any improvements
and the number of people below poverty line has in some cases doubled. Moreover
there is reluctance of developed countries in removing the trade distorting subsidies
in agriculture and giving duty-free market access to the least developed countries
with very limited exportable products.
The issue is how has India reaped benefits of globalisation? To assume that
economic, fiscal, trade and allied policies initiated by the government created an
environment which facilitated economic advancement on these fronts will amount
to manipulation of ground realities. The foremost factor which engineered the
growth in India was emergence of a self-reliant middle class equipped with strong
knowledge base with technical qualifications. They pursued innovative businesses
requiring managerial and technical skills in the upcoming sectors like information
technology and other allied fields. Instead of the traditional industry led growth path
followed by the west and other developing countries India opted for services-led
growth which had visible, tangible results. In the manufacturing sector,
70

technological innovation, low-cost production, ability to quickly adapt to changes,
establishing word class R and D facilities etc., greatly helped in successfully
meeting global competition. The automobile industry is a classic example, Strong
presence of non-resident Indians in the developed countries occupying senior
management positions in several multinational corporations built confidence in
Indian managerial competence and leadership. This promoted MNCs networking
with India (as also in China) with its expanding domestic market which in the
present circumstances remained the only viable option for their sustained growth in
future. The success stories of businesses controlled by NRIs in the western markets
established Indias reputation as dependable and disciplined businessmen. Well
established democratic political framework, large young population ingrained with
absorption capaicty of new technologies have all created a responsive realisation
that India is marching ahead. The initiative largely of its private sector in expanding
connectivity by improved telecommunications, low-cost air transportation and vast
press, TV and other media penetration ignited awareness amongst all sections of its
people of a bright future and thus radically changed their perception, thinking and
actions. Furthermore the entire world took note of unexploited potentials of India in
becoming a competitive centre of excellence and cost efficiency.
272.
According to the author, which of the following was primarily
responsible for Indias growth?
a) Well developed and implemented economic, fiscal and trade policies
b) Detailed microlevel analysis of the economy
c) A workforce with managerial rather than technical qualification
d) None of these
273.
What was the fallout of improvement in connectivity?
a) Decline in travel by traditional modes like road and rail
b) Optimism was created among the Indian public about the future of the
Indian economy
c) Youth in urban areas m ainly benefited from the exposure to western
styles of management and business.
d) It made Indian entrepreneurs realise that they should concentrate on
domestic not global markets.
274.
What does the example of the auto industry indicate?
a) Indian cars were too expensive for the Indian market but were
competitively priced for global markets.
b) Investment by multinationals in Indian firms boosted the Indian auto
industry.
c) Collaboration with foreign scientists reduced time needed for research
and development
d) NRIs were responsible for the success of the automobile industry
275.
71

Mounted
a) Increased
d) Climbed
b) Grew
c) Organized
276.
Tangible
a) Valuable
b) Complex
c) Touch
d) Concrete
277.
Manipulation
a) Distortion b) Calculation c) Utilisation
d) Indication
278.
Viable
a) Indirect
b) Impractical
c) Unsatisfied
d) Unpleasant
279.
Amply
a) Slowly
b) Intensively
c) Least
d) Hardly
questins given below it. Certain words/phrases have been printed in bold to
help you to locate them while answering some of the questions.
Rural India faces serious shortages power, water, health facilities, roads,
etc. these are known and recognized. However, the role of technology in solving
these and other problems is barely acknowledged and the actual availability of
technology in rural areas is marginal. The backbone of the rural economy is
agriculture, which also provides sustenance to over half the countrys population.
The green revolution of the 1970s was, in fact, powered by the scientific work in
various agricultural research institutions. While some fault the green revolution for
excessive exploitation of water and land resources through overuse of fertilizers, it
did bring about a wheat surplus and prosperity in certain pockets of the country.
In rural India today, there is a dire inadequacy of both science (i.e.
knowledge) and technology (which derives from science and manifsts itself in
physical form). The scope to apply technology to both farm and non-farm activities
in rural areas is huge, as are the potential benefits. In fact, crop yields are far lower
than what they are in demonstration farms, where science and technology are more
72

fully applied. Technologies that redmuce power consumption of pumps are vital,
unfortunately, their use is minimal, since agricultural power is free or largely
subsidized. Similarly, there is little incentive to optimise through technology or
otherwise water use, especially in irrigated areas ( a third of total arable land), given
the water rates, post harvest technologies for processing and adding value could
greatly enhance rural employment and incomes but at present deployment of
technology is marginal. Cold storage and cold chains for transportation to market is
of great importance for many agricultural products particularly, fruits and
vegetables, but are non-existent. These are clearly technologies with an immediate
return on investment, and benefits for all, the farmer, the end consumer, the
technology provider.
However, regulatory and structural barriers are holding back investments.
Power is a key requirement in rural areas, for agricultural as well as
domestic uses. Technology can provide reliable power at comparatively low cost in
a decentralized manner. However, this needs to be upgraded and scaled in a big
way, with emphasis on renewable and non-polluting technologies, Reliable and low
cost means of transporting goods and people is an essential need for rural areas. The
bullock-cart and the tractor-trailer are present vehicles of choice. Surely, technology
can provide a better, cheaper and more efficient solution? Information related to
commodity prices, agricultural practices, weather etc. are crucial for the farmer.
Technology can provide these through mobile phones, which is a proven technology
however the challenge to ensure connectivity remains. Thus, there is a pressing
need for technology as currently economic growth though skewed and iniquitous
has created an economically attractive market in rural India.
280.
Which of the following is not an impact of the green revolution?
a) Over utilization of water resources
b) Application of scientific research only in demonstration farms
c) Wealth creation restricted to creation areas
d) Damage caused to land by inordinate use of fertilizers
281.
Why is there no motivation to reduce power consumption?
a) Freely available sources of energy
b) Government will have to subsidise the cost of technology required to
reduce power consumption
c) Power distribution has been decentralized
d) None of these
282.
What effect will the implementation of post harvest technologies
such as cold storages have?
a) Regulatory procedures will have to be more stringent.
b) Prices of commodities like fruits and vegetables will fall since there is no
wastage from spoilage
c) Incomes of rural population will fall
d) Pollution of the environment
73

283.
The authors main objective in writing the passage is to
a) Censure scientists for not undertaking research
b) Criticise farmers for not utilising experimental low cost post h arvesting
technology
c) Exhort the government subsidise the cost of utilising technology
d) Advocate broadening the scope of research and use of technology in
agriculture
284.
Marginal
a) Austere
b) Severe
c) Detrimental
d) Insignificant
285.
Fault
a) Defect
b) Offend
c) Imperfect
d) Blame
286.
Dire
a) Pessimistic
b) Alarming
c) Futile
d) Frightened
287.
Potential
a) Unlikely
b) Incapable
c) Unable
d) Ineffective
288.
Iniquitous
a) Immoral
b) Godly
c) Victatious
d) Just
Giving loans to impoverished women to make ceramics or to farmers to buy
milk cows were not seen as great business. Microfinance was an industry
championed by antipoverty activists. Today it is on the verge of a revolution, with
billions of dollars from big banks, private equity shops and pension funds pouring
74

in, driving growth of 30% to 40% this year alone. In 1998, a nonprofit microfinance
organization in Peru, converted into a bank (called Mibanco). This demonstrated
that the poor are good risks who repay loans on time and getting them together, not
only chips away at poverty but also turns a profit. The success of Mibanco has
piqued the interest of commercial banks, which had previously shunned the
countrys poor. Now big banks are going after Mibancos clients with low-rate
loans and realising it takes special know how to work with the unbanked are hiring
away Mibancos staff.
But with the emergence of players who are only out for profit, microfinance
schemes could end up milking the poor. This could happen in countries where
lenders dont have to disclose interest rates. When a Mexican microfinancier went
public, revealing its loans had rates of about 86% annually, the Consultative Group
to Assist the Poor criticised it for putting shareholders ahead of clients. The pressure
to turn a profit also forces microfinanciers to change their business models in ways
that depart from the industrys core mission, to help poor people lead better lives.
Such shifts have caused the average loan size to triple. Moreover smaller loans
being costlier to service, a lower percentage of loans go to women because they
tend to take out smaller sums, According to CGAP, with the flood of new large en
tities there is the risk that a large percentage of cross border funds go to Latin
America and Eastern Europe, the Worlds most developed microfinance markets.
The poorest of the Worlds poor, who are predominantly in Asia and Africa get left
out, says the CEO of the nonprofit Grameen Foundation, which helps develop
microfinance institutions.
Segementing the industry, might be worthwhile if it allows more of the poor
to get access to credit. Multinational corporations could take the top microfinance
institutions to the next level, and the remainder could be the responsibility of
development groups and regional banks. Yet making loans to poor people is hardly
a poverty cure. Property rights and the rule of law matter too. One cannot
overidealize what microfinance alone can do. Most nonprofits started with lending
simply because local laws prohibited nonbanks from offering deposit accounts.
With an increase in competition and marketing efforts, poverty alleviation experts
are concerned that people will be talked into loans they wouldnt otherwise want.
For example, organisations like Mibanco are providing consumer loans. There is
nothing wrong with buying. TVs and microwaves on credit, but certain markets,
like Mexico, have been flooded w ith loans that have nothing to do with providing
capital to aspiring entrepreneurs just increasing household debt.
289.
Why did most microfinance institutions initially provide only credit
services?
a) They were unable to compete with the interest rates o ffered on deposits
by commercial banks
b) They have to operate purely on a nonprofit basis
c) Government restrictions prevented them from offering additional
services
d) To ensure the poor have access to modern necessities like microwaves
75

290.
What was the impact of the non-disclosure of their interest rates by
lending institutions?
a) The Government issued sanctions against such firms
b) Shareholders interests were not protected
c) More microfinance institutions were motivated to go public
d) The poor were exploited
291.
What is CGAPs fear with respect to new entities providing
microfinance?
a) NGOs will be unable to survive in an environment of cut throat
competition
b) The poor will hesitate to take advantage of credit facilities because of the
formalities involved
c) The poor in the developed world will be overlooked
d) The interests of the most deserving among the poor will be neglected
292.
What is the authors opinion about the competition for customers
among microfinanciers?
a) It benefits the poor by providing them with loans they would have
otherwise not had access to
b) It is futile since the poor have to pay high rates of interest on property
loans
c) It is not beneficial since firms waste their profits on marketing rather than
helping the poor
d) None of these
293.
Depart
a) Absent
b) Retirement c) Divide
d) Vary
294.
Piqued
a) Provoked
b) Irritated
c) Disturb
d) Offended
295.
Verge
a) Tend
b) Crossroad
c) Ascent
d) Slope
296.
76

Aspiring
a) Uninterested
d) Miserable
b) Ungrateful
c) Anxious
297.
Core
a) Clear
b) Unnecessary
c) Crust
d) Besides
Sixty years after independence, India remains one of the unhealthiest places
on earth. Millions of people still suffer from disease that no longer exist almost
anywhere else on the planet. What makes the picture even bleaker is the fact that
Indias economic boom has so far had, little impact on health standards. Between
2001 and 2006 Indias economy grew almost 50%, the countrys biggest expansion
in decades. Meantime, its child malnutrition rate, dropped just a single percentage
point, to 46%. This is worse than in most African countries. The incredible
economic growth is having an impact in other ways by driving up rates or rich
world diseases sch as obesity and encouraging high end health services, some of
which offer world class care but remain far beyond the reach of the vast majority of
Indians. The country brags about the skill of Indias world class doctors when its
marketers sell India as a medical tourism destination and emerging health service
giant. The truth behind the glossy advertising that : India is the sick man of Asia,
malnourished and, beset by epidemics of AIDS and diabetes and with spending
levels on public h ealth that even its Prime Minister has coinceded are seriously
lagging behind other developing countries in Asia.
Part of the reason for sorry state of Indias medical services is the
crumbling public health infrastructure not fancy hospitals or equipment but basic
services such as clean water, a functioning sewage system, power. The World
Health Organisation estimates that more than 900000 Indians die every year from
drinking bad water and breathing bad air. Public health experts believe that Indias
vast population adds to the burden, overloading systems where they do exist and
aiding the spread of disease in many places they dont. Moreover, for the past
decade or so, funding for preventive public health initiatives such as immunization
drives and programmes to control the spread of communicable diseases has been
cut. Experts also blame policies that concentrate on the latest scientific techniques
and not enough on basics for the fact that millions of people in India are suffering
and dying. Especially in rural India, health services are poor to non-existent.
Current staff often doesnt turn up for work, clinics are badly maintained and people
end up seeking help from pharmacists who are not sufficiently trained. India need
more than a million more doctors and nurses. The government has also promised
more money for rural health through its ambitious National Rural Health Mission.
77

It will increase public health spending from the current 1% of Indias GDP to upto
3% by 2010, but thats still just half the rate at which countries with comparable per
capita incomes such as Senegal and Mongolia fund their health sectors. If that is to
change, we must realise that the link between wealth and good health isnt clear cut.
Poor states that have made efforts in child immunization over the past few years
now have better coverage than richr states, where immunization has actually
slipped.
India needs to stop being complacent and prepare to spend on health but
whenever it is mentioned there is always this debate about cost. Why dont we have
the same debate when we spend tens of billions on new arms? Its hard to be an
economic superpower if youre too sick to work.
298.
What can be inferred from the statistics given for 2001-2006?
a) India has made strides in reducing its malnutrition rate
b) During this period India managed to achieve a growth rate equivalent to
that of developed countries
c) India managed to achieve high standards both in economic growth and in
healthcare
d) Though India achieved a high economic growth rate this did not
positively impact the healthcare sector to a great extent
299.
What is the authors main objective in writing the passage?
a) Comparing India and Africa in terms of economic growth
b) Cautioning India to improve its healthcare system
c) Exhorting India to have higher growth rate which will benefit the
healthcare sector
d) Criticising medical practitioners for their lack of concern for the health
of the weaker sections of society
300.
Which of the following cannot be seen as a cause for the state of
Indias healthcare system?
a) Vast population
b) Lack of basic services like water, power etc.
c) Inadequate waste management facilities
d) Lack of funding from the World Health Organisation
301.
Choose the word /phrase which is most nearly the same in meaning
Sorry
a) Forgiveness
b) Apology
c) Repentant
d) Miserable
302.
Complacent
a) Pleasing
b) Self satisfied
c) Conforming
78

d) Willing
303.
Reach
a) Extend
b) Span
c) Grasp
d) Distance
304.
Bleaker
a) Hopeful
b) Warm
c) Cozy
d) Sheltered
305.
Non-existent
a) Hypothetical
b) Active
c) Realistic
d) Available
questions given below it. Certain words are given in bold in the passage to help
It is difficult to compare countries because various factors such as size,
culture, history, geography, natural endowments, geopolitics and internal polity
comes into play. There are some goals which can be achieved by smaller countries,
but sometimes smaller countries find it difficult to mbark upon certain big
technological plans even if they have the funds, because the size of the domestic
market is too small. If we consider the bigger countries, the closest comparison to
India is China, though there are many crucial differences.
The Chinese vision is to prepare the country for entry into the ranks of mid
level developed nations by the middle of the twenty first century. Acceleration of
the nations economic growth and social development by relying on advances in
science and technology is pivotal in this.
Documents describing the Chinese vision state that science and technology
constitute premier productive forces and represent a great revolutionary power that
can propel economic and social development. It is interesting to note that the main
lessons the Chinese have drawn from their past performance is their failure to
promote science and technology as strategic tools for empowerment. They also
point to the absence of mechanisms and motivations in their economic activity to
promote dependence on science and technology. Similarly, they hold that their
scientific and technological efforts were not oriented towards economic growth. As
a consequence they conclude, a large number of scientific and technological
achievements were not converted into productive forces as they were too far
removed from Chinas immediate economic and social needs. The Chinese vision is
79

therefore aimed at exploiting state of art science and technology to enhance the
nations overall power and strength, to improve the peoples living standards, to
focus on resolving problems encountered in large scale industrial and agricultural
production and to effectively control and alleviate pressures brought on by
population, resources and the environment. By the year 2000, China had aimed at
bringing the main industrial sectors upto the technological levels achieved by the
developed countries in the 1970s or 80s, and by 2020 to the level they would have
attained by the early twenty first century. The aim is to bridge the overall gap with
the advanced World. There is a speci al emphasis on research and development of
high technologies that would find defence applications. Some of these technologies
are critical for improving the features of key conventional weapons. Some
technologies are meant for enhancing futur military capab ilities. Other efforts are
aimed at maintaining the momentum to develop capabilities for cutting edge
defence technologies. They call for unremitting efforts in this regard with the aim of
maintaining effective self defence and nuclear deterrent capabilities and to enable
parity in defence, science and technology with the advanced world.
306.
Why cant smaller countries take up big technological planning?
a) They have other goials to achieve
b) They have smaller domestic market size
c) Smaller countries lack technological know how
d) Bigger countries do not permit them to do so
307.
What is the goal of China to be accomplished by the middle of 21st
Century?
a) To become one of the most developed nations
b) To surpass the level of all middle level developed nations by a good
margin
c) To be the most influential super power
d) None of these
308.
What according to the Chinese vision can boost socio-economic
development?
a) Science and technology
b) Minds united with revolutionary powers
c) Premier productive forces
d) A vision which propels development
309.
Endowments
a) Powers
b) Measures
c) Habitats
d) Gifts
310.
80

Oriented
a) Stated
d) Leaning
b) Tempting
c) Deciding
311.
Conventional
a) Functional
b) Activist
c) Deliberate
d) Traditional
312.
Choose the word which is opposite in meaning of the word given in
Crucial
a) Central
b) Trivial
c) Decisive
d) Fundamental
313.
Choose the word which is opposite in meaning of the word given in
Parity
a) Impropriety
b) Impartiality
c) Inequality
d) Inauspicious
Directions (Q. 314-317) In the sentence below, a word is printed in bold. Below
the sentence, five words /group of words are suggested, one of which can
replace the bold word, without changing the meaning of the sentence. Find out
the appropriate word/group of words in each case.
314.
If you familiarize yourself with the culture of that area, you will be
able to enjoy life there.
a) Submit
b) Acquaint
c) Associate
d) Look after
315.
For such a gigantic task, there should be some special task force.
a) Trivial
b) Important
c) Huge
d) Gallantry
316.
If you are required to handle things under stress, mistakes are
inevitable.
a) Correctable
b) Detectable
c) Unpardonable
d) Unavoidable
317.
People who trespass this gate will be fined.
a) Cross without permission
b) Climb up and cross over
c) Break unlawfully
d) Pass on
81
Directions (Q. 318-322) Below the four words are given. One of these four
words may be wrongly spelt. Find out the word which is wrongly spelt, if there
is any. The number of that word is your answer. If all the words are correctly
spelt mark All correct as the answer.
318.
Below the four words are given. One of these four words may be
wrongly spelt. Find out the word which is wrongly spelt, if there is any. The
number of that word is your answer. If all the words are correctly spelt
mark All correct as the answer.
a) Adventure
b) Demonstration
c) Environment
d) Innosent
319.
a) Limitasion
b) Dependable
c) Miniature
d) Qualitative
320.
a) Lucrative
b) Ancestral
c) Performanse
d) Incidentally
321.
a) Futility
b) Separasion
c) Embarrassment
d) Positively
322.
a) Tournament
b) Enhancement
c) Amazingly
d) All are correct
Directions (Q. 323-326) In the following sentence, an idiomatic expression or a
proverb is highlighted. Select the alternative which best describes its use in the
sentence.
82

323.
Mrs.Nayak opened the discussion on the alarming rate of poverty
in India.
a) Started the discussion
b) Gave her opinion in the discussion
c) Did not agree on the discussion
d) Welcomed the people to the discussion
324.
The course of events made it necessary for Joseph to start working.
a) Events that were planned
b) Long list of future events
c) A succession of unexpected events
d) Nature of events that followed after Joseph joined work
325.
The new law on 'Right to Food Safety' will come into force next
month.
a) Be forced upon the people
b) Be associated from next month onwards
c) Be implemented next month
d) Be withdrawn next month
326.
When the girl wanted to stay out past midnight, her father put his
foot down.
a) Gave in to her request
b) Walked away disapprovingly
c) Obstructed her from leaving the house
d) Requested her to be home on time
Directions (Q. 327-331) Which of the phrases given below should be replaced
the phrase given in bold in the sentence to make the sentence grammatically
meaningful and correct?
327.
There are lot many opportunities for young IT graduates today.
a) Lot many of
b) Very many of
c) Lots of
d) No correct required
328.
Along the course off his carrer, he has established a reputation for
efficiency.
a) In the course off
b) During the course of
c) While the course of
329.
It is much likely his train has been delayed due to bad weather.
a) Quite likely that
83

b) Mostly like that
c) Much likely that
330.
He answered every question put on him frankly.
a) Put for him
b) Put to him
c) Put by himself
d) Putting on him
331.
The engineers have been working overtime, but have been not able
to locate the fault.
a) Have not been unable
b) Are not unable
c) Have been unable
Directions (Q. 332-335) Choose the word/group of words which is most similar
in meaning to the word /group of words printed in bold
332.
Galloped
a) Hurtled
d) Jumped
b) Stumbled
c) Slumbered
333.
Revered
a) Remembered
d) Respected
b) Feared
c) Talked
334.
Reveal
a) Stop
d) Pending
b) Conceal
c) Present
335.
Elated
a) Afraid
d) Depressed
b) Door
c) Happy
Answers:
1. Option D
2. Option D
3. Option C
4. Option E
5. Option C
6. Option B
7. Option A
8. Option A
84

9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
35.
36.
37.
38.
39.
40.
41.
42.
43.
44.
45.
46.
47.
48.
49.
50.
51.
52.
53.
54.
Option E
Option E
Option C
Option B
Option B
Option A
Option B
Option A
Option B
Option A
Option E
Option C
Option C
Option D
Option C
Option B
Option A
Option D
Option A
Option B
Option E
Option B
Option A
Option D
Option C
Option D
Option A
Option E
Option B
Option B
Option A
Option D
Option D
Option B
Option E
Option B
Option E
Option D
Option E
Option B
Option C
Option A
Option B
Option E
Option C
Option D
85

55. Option B
56. Option A
57. Option E
58. Option E
59. Option C
60. Option B
61. Option B
62. Option C
63. Option E
64. Option D
65. Option B
66. Option D
67. Option A
68. Option B
69. Option A
70. Option D
71. Option D
72. Option C
73. Option C
74. Option B
75. Option D
76. Option C
77. Option B
78. Option D
79. Option D
80. Option C
81. Option D
82. Option A
83. Option B
84. Option D
85. Option D
86. Option D
87. Option D
88. Option B
89. Option D
90. Option D
91. Option C
92. Option A
93. Option A
94. Option B
95. Option B
96. Option A
97. Option A
98. Option C
99. Option D
100.
Option C
86

101.
102.
103.
104.
105.
106.
107.
108.
109.
110.
111.
112.
113.
114.
115.
116.
117.
118.
119.
120.
121.
122.
123.
124.
125.
126.
127.
128.
129.
130.
131.
132.
133.
134.
135.
136.
137.
138.
139.
140.
141.
142.
143.
144.
145.
146.
Option D
Option D
Option A
Option D
Option B
Option C
Option A
Option C
Option D
Option B
Option D
Option D
Option D
Option B
Option C
Option B
Option D
Option A
Option C
Option D
Option C
Option D
Option B
Option B
Option C
Option A
Option C
Option D
Option D
Option A
Option C
Option D
Option C
Option B
Option C
Option B
Option C
Option D
Option B
Option D
Option D
Option C
Option D
Option D
Option C
Option A
87

147.
148.
149.
150.
151.
152.
153.
154.
155.
156.
157.
158.
159.
160.
161.
162.
163.
164.
165.
166.
167.
168.
169.
170.
171.
172.
173.
174.
175.
176.
177.
178.
179.
180.
181.
182.
183.
184.
185.
186.
187.
188.
189.
190.
191.
192.
Option B
Option D
Option D
Option D
Option D
Option D
Option D
Option B
Option B
Option D
Option D
Option D
Option C
Option D
Option A
Option B
Option A
Option B
Option B
Option B
Option D
Option D
Option D
Option A
Option C
Option D
Option D
Option D
Option D
Option B
Option C
Option D
Option A
Option A
Option D
Option C
Option D
Option D
Option D
Option B
Option D
Option A
Option A
Option D
Option B
Option C
88

193.
194.
195.
196.
197.
198.
199.
200.
201.
202.
203.
204.
205.
206.
207.
208.
209.
210.
211.
212.
213.
214.
215.
216.
217.
218.
219.
220.
221.
222.
223.
224.
225.
226.
227.
228.
229.
230.
231.
232.
233.
234.
235.
236.
237.
238.
Option A
Option D
Option B
Option D
Option B
Option C
Option A
Option C
Option D
Option D
Option D
Option D
Option D
Option B
Option A
Option D
Option B
Option A
Option A
Option C
Option A
Option C
Option D
Option C
Option D
Option B
Option D
Option D
Option D
Option C
Option C
Option D
Option D
Option B
Option C
Option C
Option A
Option C
Option B
Option C
Option D
Option A
Option B
Option D
Option C
Option A
89

239.
240.
241.
242.
243.
244.
245.
246.
247.
248.
249.
250.
251.
252.
253.
254.
255.
256.
257.
258.
259.
260.
261.
262.
263.
264.
265.
266.
267.
268.
269.
270.
271.
272.
273.
274.
275.
276.
277.
278.
279.
280.
281.
282.
283.
284.
Option D
Option D
Option D
Option C
Option C
Option C
Option A
Option B
Option B
Option B
Option B
Option D
Option B
Option C
Option A
Option B
Option D
Option A
Option B
Option D
Option C
Option D
Option C
Option D
Option C
Option C
Option D
Option B
Option D
Option A
Option D
Option D
Option A
Option D
Option B
Option D
Option C
Option D
Option A
Option B
Option C
Option B
Option D
Option B
Option D
Option D
90

285.
286.
287.
288.
289.
290.
291.
292.
293.
294.
295.
296.
297.
298.
299.
300.
301.
302.
303.
304.
305.
306.
307.
308.
309.
310.
311.
312.
313.
314.
315.
316.
317.
318.
319.
320.
321.
322.
323.
324.
325.
326.
327.
328.
329.
330.
Option D
Option B
Option A
Option D
Option C
Option D
Option D
Option D
Option D
Option C
Option D
Option C
Option C
Option D
Option B
Option D
Option D
Option B
Option C
Option A
Option C
Option B
Option D
Option A
Option D
Option D
Option D
Option B
Option A
Option B
Option C
Option D
Option A
Option D
Option A
Option C
Option B
Option D
Option A
Option C
Option C
Option C
Option C
Option B
Option A
Option B
91

331.
332.
333.
334.
335.
Option C
Option A
Option D
Option B
Option D
92

Chapter 2
Antonyms
Absence
Abundant
Accept
Accurate
Admit
Advance
Advantage
Agree
Alive
Ally
Always
Ancient
Answer
Approached
Approval
Arrival
Artificial
Ascend
Asleep
Attack
Attention
Attractive
Backward
Bad
Beautiful
Beginning
Below
Bend
Best
Better
Big
Bitter
Blame
Bless
Blunt
Bold
Borrow
Bravery
Bright
Broad
Build
Presence
Scarce
Refuse
Inaccurate
Deny
Retreat, Retire
Disadvantage
Disagree
Dead
Enemy
Never
Modern
Question, Query
Receded, Departed
Disapproval
Departure
Natural
Descend
Awake
Defence
Inattention
Repulsive
Forward, Onward
Good
Ugly
Ending
Above
Straighten
Worst
Worse
Small, Little
Sweet
Praise
Curse
Sharp
Timid, Meek
Lend
Cowardice
Dull
Narrow
Destroy, Demolish
93

Calm
Capable
Captivity
Careful
Cellar
Cheap
Clear
Clever
Clockwise
Close
Cold
Combine
Come
Comfort
Common
Conceal
Correct
Courage
Courteous
Cruel
Cunning
Dainty
Danger
Dark
Decrease
Deep
Definite
Demand
Despair
Disappear
Discourage
Disease
Dismal
Doctor
Dry
Dull
Dusk
Early
East
Easy
Ebb
Economise
Employer
Empty
Encourage
Entrance
Troubled
Incapable
Freedom, Liberty
Rush, Careless
Attic
Dear, Expensive
Vague, Cloudy
Stupid
Anti-clockwise
Distant
Hot
Separate
Go
Discomfort
Rare
Reveal
Incorrect
Cowardice
Discourteous, Rude
Kind
Simple
Clumsy
Safety
Light
Increase
Shallow
Indefinite
Supply
Hope
Appear
Encourage
Health
Cheerful
Patient
Wet
Clear, Bright
Dawn
Late
West
Difficult
Flow
Waste
Employee
Full
Discourage
Exit
94

Excited
Expensive
Export
Exterior
External
Fail
False
Famous
Fast
Fat
Feeble
Few
Find
First
Fold
Foolish
Forelegs
Forget
Fortunate
Found
Frank
Freedom
Frequent
Fresh
Full
Gather
Generous
Gentle
Giant
Glad
Gloomy
Granted
Great
Guardian
Guest
Guilty
Harmful
Hasten
Hate
Healthy
Heavy
Here
Hero
Hill
Hinder
Honest
Calm
Inexpensive, Cheap
Import
Interior
Internal
Succeed
True
Unknown
Slow
Thin
Sturdy, Strong, Powerful
Many
Lose
Last
Unfold
Wise
Hindlegs
Remember
Unfortunate
Lost
Secretive
Captivity
Seldom
Stale
Empty
Distribute
Mean
Rough
Dwarf, Pygmy
Sorry
Cheerful
Refused
Minute, Small, Little
Ward
Host
Innocent
Harmless
Dawdle
Love
Unhealthy
Light
There
Coward
Valley
Aid, Help
Dishonest
95

Horizontal
Humble
Hunger
Imitation
Immense
Imprison
Include
Inferior
Inhabited
Inhale
Inside
Intelligent
Intentional
Interesting
Interior
Internal
Join
Junior
Junstice
Knowledge
Land
Landlord
Large
Last
Laugh
Lawful
Lazy
Leader
Lecturer
Left
Lender
Lengthen
Less
Light
Like
Likely
Loyal
Mad
Magnetize
Master
Mature
Maximum
Minority
Miser
Misunderstand
Noisy
Vertical
Proud
Thirst
Genuine
Tiny, Minute
Free
Exclude
Superior
Uninhabited
Exhale
Outside
Unintelligent, Stupid
Accidental
Uninteresting, Dull
Exterior, Outside
External
Separate
Senior
Injustice
Ignorance
Sea
Tenant
Little, Small
First
Cry
Unlawful
Energetic
Follower
Student
Right
Borrower
Shorten
More
Dark, Heavy
Dislike, Unlike
Unlikely
Disloyal
Sane
Demegnetize
Servant
Immature
Minimum
Majority
Spendthrift
Understand
Quiet
96

Odd
Offer
Open
Optimist
Parent
Past
Patient
Peace
Permanent
Please
Plentiful
Poetry
Possible
Poverty
Powerful
Private
Prudent
Rapid
Regularly
Rich
Rigid
Rough
Satisfactory
Scatter
Second-hand
Security
Sense
Serious
Shopkeeper
Simple
Singular
Slim
Sober
Solid
Sour
Speaker
Straight
Sunny
Vacant
Valuable
Victory
Virtue
Visible
Voluntary
Vowel
Wax
Even
Refuse
Shut
Pessimist
Child
Present
Impatient
War
Temporary
Displease
Scarce
Prose
Impossible
Wealth
Feeble, Weak
Public
Imprudent
Slow
Irregularly
Poor
Pliable, Soft
Smooth
Unsatisfactory
Collect
New
Insecurity
Non-sense
Trivial
Customer
Complicated
Plural
Thick, Stout
Drunk
Liquid
Sweet
Listener
Crooked
Cloudy
Occupied
Valueless
Defeat
Vice
Invisible
Compulsory
Consonant
Wane
97

Wisdom
Within
Folly
Without
98

Chapter 3
Synonms
About
Abstract
To accomplish
To accumulate
To administer
Almost
Animated
To annoy
To answer
Anyway
Apparent
To appear
Applicable
Appreciable
Ardour
Arise
Aromatic
To arrive
Artful
Association
To assure
Attractive
Backbone
Backside
Bad
Ballot
To beat
To behave
Believable
Bendy
Beneficiant
Beneficial
Bid
Blameless
Bloodbath
Bloodless
Branch
Brave
Brow
Bum
Business
Approximately
Summary
To achieve
To build up
To manage
Nearly
Lively
To irritate, to bother
To reply
Besides
Obvious
To seem
Relevant
Considerable
Passion
Occur
Fragrant
To reach
Crafty
Organization
To guarantee
Appealing
Spine
Behind, Bottom
Poor, Naughty
Poll
To defeat
To act
Plausible
Flexible
Generous
Favourable
Tender
Innocent
Massacre
Cold
Department
Courageous
Forehead
Backside, Behind, Bottom
Commerce, Trade
99

To categorize
Charter
Cheesy
To chop
Chorus
Citation
To cite
Class
Clerk
Clever
To close
Coiffure
To collapse
To collect
Comfort
Comic
Commencement
Complete
Concord
To condemn
Confederate
To confine
Conflict
To conform
To confuse
To connect
Considerate
Constancy
Constant
Constitution
Construction
To consult
Contemporary
Continuous
Contrary
Convention
To convey
To cope
Correct
Couch
Crook
Crusade
Cube
Curative
Curler
Cussed
To classify
Constitution
Corny, Tacky
To cut
Refrain
Quotation
To quote
Lesson, Course
Receptionist
Intelligent
To shut
Hairstyle
To break down
To gather
Consolation
Comedian
Graduation
Total
Harmony
To sentence
Accomplice
To restrict
Clash
To comply
To mix up
To associate
Thoughtful
Fidelity
Fixed
Structure
Interpretation
To refer to
Modern
Continual
Opposite
Conference
To communicate
To manage
Right
Sofa
Criminal
Campaign
Dice
Healing
Roller
Stubborn
100

Dash
Daybreak
Deceptive
Decontrol
Dedicated
To deduce
Defective
Deliberate
Deliberately
Delicate
To demostrate
Denims
To denote
To deprave
Depraved
To desert
Deserted
Destiny
Detached
Devil
Dicy
To differentiate
To diminish
Disadvantaged
Disagreeable
To disappear
Disaster
To disclaim
To disclose
Discount
Disgrace
Domesticate
Dossier
Dubious
Dull
Eager
Earth
Economic
Egocentric
To elevate
To encounter
To enquire
Equity
Especially
Essential
To establish
Sprint
Dawn
Misleading
Deregulate
Committed
To infer
Faulty
Planned
Intentionally
Fragile
To protest
Jeans
To indicate
To corrupt
Wicked
To abandon
Abandoned
Fate
Indifferent
Satan
Risky
To distinguish
To decrease
Deprived
Unpleasant
To vanish
Catastrophe
To deny
To reveal
Reduction
Shame
Cultivate
File
Doubtful
Stupid
Keen
Soil
Profitable
Selfish
To raise
To come across
To investigate
Fairness
Particularly
Fundamental
To set up
101

To evaluate
Everlasting
Exactly
Except
To expire
To explode
Extra
To Fabricate
Famous
Fanatic
Fantastic
To float
Fool
Foolish
To foretell
Formerly
Fortunate
Foxy
Foyer
Fragrance
French dressing
To function
Garbage
Gay
To glitter
To grab
Grasping
Gratis
Gratuity
Gravestone
To grouse
Gut
Hall
Hang-out
Happily
Hard
Hashish
To hawk
To hazard
Hearsay
Hermetic
Highbrow
Hint
Hole
Home
Homicide
To assess
Eternal
Precisely
Apart from
To run out
To blow up
Additional
To manufacture
Renowned
Enthusiast
Great, Brilliant
To drift
Idiot
Silly
To predict
Previously
Lucky
Cunning
Lobby
Perfume
vinaigrette
To operate
Rubbish
Homosexual
To sparkle
To seize
Greedy
Free of charge
Tip
Headstone
to grumble
Intestine
Corridor
Haunt
Fortunately
Tough
Cannabis
To peddle
To endanger
Rumour
Airtight
Intellectual
Trace
Gap
Domestic
Murder
102

Hunger
To hurry
Hypothesis
If
To ignore
Illiberal
To illuminate
To illustrate
To imagine
To imitate
Immediate
Immobile
Immoderate
Immodest
To impact
Impartial
Impasse
Impassive
To impeach
Impediment
Imperative
Impolite
Incidentally
Inconsiderate
Indisputable
Infamous
Infantile
To infect
Inflexible
Inflow
Informal
Infrequent
Inheritor
Innocent
Insolvent
To inspect
Instruction
Insufferable
Insufficient
Insupportable
Insurgent
Intellectual
To intend
To intensify
Interplay
Inventory
Starvation
To rush
Speculation
Whether
To disregard
Intolerant
To clarify
To demonstrate
To suppose
To mimic
Instant
Motionless
Excessive
Conceited
To affect
Neutral
Deadlock
Emotionless
To question
Obstacle
Vital
Rude
By the way
Thoughtless
Indeniable
Notorious
Childish
To contaminate
Rigid
Influx
Casual
Rare
Heir
Harmless
Bancrupt
To examine
Direction
Unbearable
Inadequate
Intolerable
Rebel
Mental
To mean
To heighten
Interaction
Stock
103

Invoice
Jealous
Joy
Knowingly
Lacking
Last
Leading
To learn
Legitimate
Lethal
Liveable
Loopy
Lucid
Madness
Magican
Magistrate
To magnify
To maintain
Mannequin
Material
Matters
May be
In the meantime
Measure
Meeting
Mendacity
Merciless
Middleman
Midway
To migrate
Mild
To mimic
Mind
Mindless
To minimize
To mirror
To misconceive
Miserable
Misery
Misread
Missing
Mistrust
Moderately
Modern
More and More
Moreover
Bill
Envious
Delight
Deliberately
Missing
Final
Main
To memorize
Valid
Deadly
Habitable
Crazy
Clear
Insanity
Conjuror
Justice of the Peace
To exaggerate
To preserve
Model
Fabric
Things
Perhaps
Meanwhile
Degree
Assembly
Lying
Cruel
Intermediary
Halfway
Emigrate
Gentle
To imitate
Intellect
Senseless
To play down
To reflect
To misunderstand
Depressing
Distress
Misinterpret
Lost
Distrust
Reasonably
Contemporary
Increasingly
In addition
104

Movie
Murderer
Naked
Nameless
Napkin
To narrate
A narrative
A native
To near
Necessary
Nightfall
Nobility
To nominate
Non-stop
Noon
Noted
To notify
Notwithstanding
Nugatory
Numerous
Obdurate
Object
Obligatory
Oblique
Obsolete
To operate
Organic
Ornament
Outside
To overhaul
To overlook
Overseas
To oversee
Painting
Paper money
Particular
Passable
Pattern
Peaceable
Perception
Phantasm
Poisonous
Possibility
Post-mortem
Practically
Praise
Film
Assassin
Bare
Anonymous
Servoette
To relate
A story
A local
To approach
Essential
Dusk
Aristocracy
To appoint
Continuous
Midday
Famous
To inform
however
Worthless
Many
Stubborn
Thing
Compulsory
Indirect
Out of date
To function
Biological
Decoration
External
To overtake
To miss
Abroad
To supervise
Portray
Notes
Specific
Satisfactory
Sample
Peaceful
Insight
Illusion
Toxic
Opportunity
Autopsy
Virtually
Compliment
105

Precedence
Precept
Precis
Pressing
Previous
Prompt
Prosperous
To provide
To quake
Quite
Reasonable
To receive
Refrain
Reliable
Religious
Remainder
Remark
Reminiscence
Remorse
Remoted
Removable
To renew
To renounce
Repute
To respond
Revolting
Rubbish
Rude
Sacristy
Satisfied
Scarcity
Scrumptious
Second
To select
Selection
Self-assured
Signal
Significant
Silly
Sincere
Skull
Soiled
Spotlight
Substantially
Suggest
Sure
Priority
Principle
Summary
Urgent
Preceding
Immediate
Affluent
To supply
To tremble
Fairly
Fair
To get
Chorus
Dependable
Devout
Rest
Comment
Memory
Regret
Isolated
Detachable
To resume
To give up
Reputation
To reply
Disgusting
Nonsense
Impolite
Vestry
Convinced
Shortage
Delicious
Moment
To choose
Choice
Confident
Sign
Meaningful
Foolish
Honest
Cranium
Dirty
Highlight
Considerably
Propose
Certain
106

Surroundings
To survive
To symbolize
Temper
Terror
Testament
Today
Torpid
Touchy
To transform
Transitority
Transparent
Trustworthy
Twister
Twosome
Ultimate
Uncommon
Uncooked
Undeniable
Unforeseen
Unfortunate
Unhurt
Uninjured
Unlawful
Unmarried
Unstated
Untimely
Untrue
Unvoiced
Uprising
Usually
Vacancy
To vacuum
Vague
Vain
Valueless
To vanquish
To vary
Vast
Virtue
To visualize
Warrantly
Well mannered
Well timed
Winery
To withstand
Environment
To outlive
To represent
Mood
Terrorism
Testamony
Nowadays
Lethargic
Sensitive
To convert
Temporary
Obvious
Reliable
Tornado
Pair
Final
Unusual
Raw
Indisputable
Unexpected
Unlucky
Unharmed
Unhurt
Illegal
Single
Unspoken
Premature
Unfaithful
Voiceless
Rebellion
Generally
Emptiness
To hoover
Indistinct
Useless
Worthless
To conquer
To differ
Huge
Advantage
To imagine
Guarantee
Polite
Timely
Vineyeard
To resist
107

Zenith
Peak
108
Chapter 4
Sentence Arrangements
Directions (Q. 1-5): Rearrange the following six sentences (A), (B), (C), (D), (E)
and (F) in the proper sequence to form a meaningful paragraph and then
answer the questions given below.
A. The researchers in these companies claim that they could do better by
allowing their employees to doze off at work place.
B. The dreams, while at work, are thus helpful to solve crucial problems.
C. Would you believe that some UK based companies are arranging for bed at
the work place?
D. The reason, they claim, could be that dreams produce creative solutions.
E. We only hope that these crucial problems in UK are different from those of
ours.
F. But it is true and is considered as a step to improve quality of their
products.
1. Which of the following should be the First sentence after rearrangement?
a) A
b) B
c) C
d) D
2. Which of the following should be the Third sentence after rearrangement?
a) A
b) B
c) C
d) D
3. Which of the following should be the Fourth sentence after rearrangement?
a) A
b) B
c) C
d) D
4. Which of the following should be the Fifth sentence after rearrangement?
a) A
b) B
c) C
d) D
5. Which of the following should be the Sixth sentence after rearrangement?
a) A
b) B
c) C
d) E
Directions (Q. 6-10): Rearrange the following six sentences (A), (B), (C), (D),
(E) and (F) in the proper sequence to form a meaningful paragraph and then
A. The reasons for their happiness was that they had come to the Vithal temple
of Pandharpur to see their beloved Lord.
B. There were rich, poor men, women, children, blind, handicapped among
them.
C. They were all in a very happy state of mind, as was apparent from their
glowing faces.
109

D.
E.
F.
6.
They would worship and seek the Divine blessings while in Pandharpur.
It was an auspicious day and many people had assembled in the temple.
Though different there was one commonality among.
Which of the following should be the Fourth statement after rearrangement?
a) A
b) B
c) C
d) D
7. Which of the following should be the Fifth statement after rearrangement?

a) A
b) B
c) C
d) D
8. Which of the following should be the Sixth statement after rearrangement?
a) A
b) B
c) C
d) D
9. Which of the following should be the First statement after rearrangement?
a) A
b) B
c) C
d) E
10. Which of the following should be the Second statement after
rearrangement?
a) A
b) B
c) C
d) D
A. Besides, they get a lot of exposure to novel things through media.
B. Therefore, their mental development did not show any extraordinary signs.
C. Children of the present generation appear to be smarter than their earlier
counterparts.
D. Thus, the environment of present days has brought out these changes.
E. This is probably because there are lots of opportunities for their indirect
learning.
F. Children of yester years did not have these facilities.
11. Which of the following will be the Third sentence after rearrangement?
a) A
b) B
c) C
d) D
12. Which of the following will be the First sentence after rearrangement?
a) A
b) B
c) C
d) D
13. Which of the following will be the Sixth sentence after rearrangement?
a) A
b) B
c) C
d) D
110
14. Which of the following will be the Second sentence after rearrangement?
a) A
b) B
c) C
d) E
15. Which of the following will be the Fifth sentence after rearrangement?
a) A
b) B
c) C
d) D
(A) Special care needs to be taken to reform the other State taxes, viz state
excise, motor vehicles tax, passengers and goods tax, and stamp duty and
registration fee.
(B) The introduction of GST in the indirect tax system of the Union and the
State Governments and the DTC in the direct taxes of the Union
Government will help establish an economically efficient, cost-effective
and transparent tax system.
(C) That would make the Indian tax system suitable for taking the country
towards a new horizon of future growth and prosperity.
(D) It would make the Indian tax payer competitive at home as well as in the
international market.
(E) Also, the other taxes at the state level need to be further reformed.
(F) It is, however, important to remove the bumps and road blocks in its
introduction.
16. Which of the following should be the FIRST sentence after rearrangement?
a) F
b) E
c) B
d) A
e) C
17. Which of the following should be the SECOND sentence after
rearrangement?
a) A
b) B
c) C
d) E
e) D
18. Which of the following should be the THIRD sentence after
rearrangement?
a) E
b) F
c) D
d) C
e) B
19. Which of the following should be the FOURTH sentence after
rearrangement?
a) B
b) D
c) F
d) E
e) C
111
20. Which of the following should be the LAST (SIXTH) sentence after
rearrangement?
a) C
b) A
c) B
d) D
e) F
A. With all the bid information being available and tracked online, corruption
has Considerably reduced.
B. Today, most i.e., over 95% household, in the city enjoy broad band
connection.
C. All city contracts are now bid for online.
D. Over 20 years ago the City Government, Central Government and the
Private Sector made a concerned effort to shift the economy to include IT.
E. As our cities to expand and become more complex, such a system will
make Governance more manageable.
F. This level of connectedness has changed not only the citys economy, but
also how it is governed and how business is conducted.
a) A
b) B
c) C
d) D
e) E
22. Which of the following should be the Second sentence after rearrangment?
a) A
b) B
c) C
d) D
e) F
a) A
b) C
c) D
d) E
e) F
a) A
b) B
c) C
d) D
e) E
25. Which of the following should be the Last (Sixth) sentence after
rearrangement?
a) B
b) C
c) D
d) E
e) F
112
A. While these disadvantages of biofuels are serious, they are the only
alternate energy source of the future and the sooner we find solutions to
these problems the faster we will be able to solve the problems we are now
facing with gasoline.
B. This fuel can also help to stimulate jobs locally since they are also much
safer to handle than gasoline and can thus have the potential to turnaround a
global economy.
C. These include dependence on fossil fuels for the machinery required to
produce biofuel which ends up polluting as much as the burning of fossil
fuels on roads and exorbitant cost of biofuels which makes it very difficult
for the common man to switch to this option.
D. This turnaround can potentially help to bring World peace and end the need
to depend on foreign countries for energy requirements.
E. Biofuels are made from pnlant sources and since these sources are available
in abundance and can be reproduced on a massive scale they form an
energy source that is potentially unlimited.
F. However, everything is not as green with the biofuels as it seems as there
are numerous disadvantages involved which at times overshadow their
positive impact.
26. Which of the following sentence should be the Third sentence after
rearrangement?
a) A
b) B
c) C
d) D
e) E
27. Which of the following sentence shouldbe the Fifth sentence after
rearrangement?
a) A
b) B
c) C
d) E
e) F
28. Which of the following sentence should be the Sixth (Last) sentence after
rearrangement?
a) A
b) C
c) D
d) E
e) F
29. Which of the following sentence should be the Second after rearrangement?
a) A
b) B
c) D
d) E
e) F
30. Which of the following sentence should be the First sentence after
rearrangement?
a) A
b) B
c) C
d) D
e) E
113

A. According to it, organized retail stores are not wolves at the doors of
friendly neighbourhood grocery stores as there is room for expansion of
both.
B. Many have been crying foul over the entry of organized retail stores
expressing concern over their impact on small store owners.
C. The final winner in the competition, however, is the common man who gets
to choose between the most suitable options and in turn fights with the
runaway inflation in prices of essential commodities.
D. In spite of this potential for expansion, it is doubtless that the small store
ownes face a decline in profit in initial years if organized retailers set up
stores in the vicinity.
E. But a study conducted over a period of two years goes a long way towards
allying these fears.
F. This impact, however, wears off once they learn to take on the competition
which in turn enhances efficiency all around.
a) A
b) B
c) C
d) D
e) E
a) A
b) B
c) C
d) E
e) F
33. Which of the following should be Third sentence after rearrangement?
a) A
b) E
c) D
d) F
e) C
34. Which of the following sentence should be the Fifth after rearrangement?
a) D
b) B
c) C
d) E
e) F
35. Which of the following should be the Sixth (Last) sentence after
rearrangement?
a) A
b) B
c) C
d) E
e) F
114

A. However if this happens it will cause problems for the elderly who mainly
use cheques.
B. The use of cheques has fallen dramatically in the past few years.
C. Thus cheques may be phased out gradually making sure that the needs of all
consumers including the elderly are met.
D. This is because mor ena dmore consumer are transfering money
electronically by direct debit or credit cards.
E. Without cheques they are likely to keep large amounts of cash in their
homes making them vulnerable to theft.
F. British banks have thus voted to phase cheques out in favour of these more
modern payment methods.
a) A
b) B
c) C
d) D
e) E
a) B
b) C
d) D
d) E
e) F
38. Which of the following should be the Second sentence after rearrangement?
a) A
b) B
c) C
d) D
e) F
rearrangement?
a) B
b) C
c) D
d) E
e) F
a) B
b) C
c) D
d) E
e) F
A. However, many people may not be aware of the njmerous other areas where
it has been applied.
B. Today, even, those who have little knowledge about the production of
virtual reality are now most likely aware of its use in video games.
C. Similarly, medical students have substituted a cadaver for a fibeglass mould
of a body and a headset when training to perform surgery.
D. Virtual reality was an unfamiliar concept to many people till the early 90s.
E. Introducing virtual reality to the real World, thus, has already proven to be
beneficial for every industry it encounters.
115

F. For example, astronaut trainees have recently used virtual reality to
simulate to trip to space.
a) E
b) F
c) A
d) D
e) B
a) A
b) B
c) C
d) D
e) E
rearrangement?
a) A
b) B
c) C
d) D
e) E
a) B
b) C
c) D
d) E
e) F
a) A
b) B
c) C
d) D
e) E
A. If tomorrows children meet these two crucial criteria they are likely to
have the opportunity both to pursue work to fulfil their dreams and make an
impact on the World around.
B. In the 21st Century however this no longer holds true as the expectations of
organizations have changed.
C. The concept of the job in the 20th Century was often equaated with toil.
D. In order to meet these changed expectations employees need commitment
and access to continuous learning.
E. Jobs were acquired, learned and performed until retirement and did not
have to be rewarding.
F. They demand more creativity and expertise and want employees to be
responsible for both outputs and outcomes.
a) A
b) B
c) C
d) D
e) E
116

a) A
d) D
b) B
e) E
c) C
a) B
b) C
c) D
d) E
e) F
a) A
b) B
c) C
d) D
e) F
rearrangement?
a) A
b) B
c) C
d) D
e) F
A. This decision on which force is to be maximised lies with every individual.
B. This belief comes from the fact that science reflects the social forces
prevailing at a particular time.
C. We must maximise the constructive forces of science and the destructive
ones should be minimised.
D. Contrary to popular belief, the greatest enemy of mankind is not science but
war.
E. She/he must understand that science can only help us in providing ways to
reach at either war or peace and is actually not responsible for causing
these.
F. During peaceful times science is constructive and during war, science is
perverted to destructive ends.
51. Which of the following sentence should be the Sixth (Last) after
rearrangement?
a) A
b) B
c) C
d) D
e) E
52. Which of the following sentence should be the Third after rearrangement?
a) A
b) E
c) F
d) D
e) C
53. Which of the following sentence should be the Fifth after rearrangement?
a) A
b) B
c) C
d) E
e) F
117

54. Which of the following sentence should be the First after rearrangement?
a) A
b) B
c) C
d) D
e) E
a) A
b) B
c) D
d) E
e) F
A. Voluntary measures such as codes of conduct have failed to address these
issues and deliver change.
B. However they can also cause serious problems with their irresponsible
behaviour.
C. Companies are a powerful force for good.
D. There are several instances of companies undermining workers rights and
damaging the environment.
E. The Companies Bill 2009 is thus a means to address issues of corporate
governance and ensure companies are accountable for their financial
performance and social impact.
F. They provide jobs, boost economies and aid social and environmental
development.
a) A
b) B
c) C
d) D
e) E
a) A
b) B
c) C
d) D
e) F
a) B
b) C
d) D
d) E
e) F
a) A
b) B
c) C
d) D
e) E
rearrangement?
a) B
b) C
c) D
d) E
e) F
118

A. The blame for lacking creativity is, however, put on the present generation
by the modern educationists.
B. The concept of home work began so that the pupils could revise that was
being taught in the class.
C. By doing so, most of the schools took away the leisure time of the children.
D. Instead, these educationists should suggest lowering of burden of
homework to the commission for educatoinal reforms.
E. The purpose of this concept was, however, defeated when the schools
started overburdening students with so called homework.
F. Lack of such leisure time does not allow the children to develop creative
pursuits.
a) A
b) E
c) D
d) F
e) C
a) A
b) B
c) C
d) D
e) E
a) A
b) B
c) D
d) E
e) F
rearrangement?
a) B
b) C
c) D
d) E
e) F
a) A
b) B
c) C
d) E
e) F
119

A. A group of media persons have now taken the responsibility of educating
people regarding the reality shows.
B. This is because these shows are said to be staged, fabricated and directed to
improve TRPs.
C. The reality shows on TV have been attracting a huge viewership recently.
D. Owing to their efforts, the public has now realized the truth behind reality
shows and such shows are fast losing their hold.
E. Though the name infers real viewers are being exposed to a lot of unreal
content.
F. The public however is drawn to such contents of the reality shows unaware
of this fabrication.
a) C
b) B
c) E
d) F
e) D
rearrangement?
a) B
b) D
c) C
d) E
e) A
a) A
b) C
c) D
d) E
e) F
69. Which of the following should be the sentence after rearrangement?
a) A
b) B
c) C
d) D
e) E
a) B
b) C
c) F
d) D
e) A
Directions (Q. 71-75) In each of the following questions, rearrange the given
sentences A, B, C and D and indicate the correct sequence in which these
sentences must appear so as to make a meaningful paragraph.
71. A. By increasing these connections the intelligence is also increased.
B. Classical music has been proved to be very helpful in child development.
C. Many doctors now-a-days use it for therapeutic purposes which are
based upon the findings of this research.
120

D. The research has demonstrated that listening to classical music increases
the rate of nervous connections in brain.
a) BDCA
b) DBAC
c) ACBD
d) BDAC
e) BCAD
72. A. This right however comes along with the responsibility which the press
is forced to work with.
B. It means that the pressmen have every right to expose matters related to
public and national interest.
C. Such responsibilities include not broadcasting matters related to national
security and other sensitive issues.
D. Freedom of press is symbolic of democracy.
a) DBCA
b) DBAC
c) ABCD
d) BDAC
e) BCDA
73. A. A popular example of this damage is the Taj Mahal whose marble has
been corroded due to acid rain.
B. It changes the acidic content of water bodies thus affecting the lives of
the living organisms of this habitat.
C. Acid rain has been a major factor responsible for the degradation of the
environment.
D. Along with affecting the living beings, it is also responsible for the
corrosion of several heritage building thus causing irreparable damages to
them.
a) CBAD
b) CDBA
c) BADC
d) BDAC
e) CBDA
74. A. Along with missing their education these children also face life
threatening dangers by working in hazardous chemical factories.
B. Child labour has been interfering with the education of millions of
children across India.
C. However, there is a dire need to reinforce these laws strictly throughout
the country.
D. Many laws have been framed in order to curb this evil.
a) BADC
b) CBAD
c) DBAC
d) BDAC
e) BACD
75. A. Their invention has been proved to be a boon to the society since many
diseases caused by the microbes could be cured by these anibiotics.
B. The scientists therefore face a continuous challenge to keep inventing
newe drugs to counter this problem.
C. A major hurdle in the use of antibiotics, however, is that the microbes
develop resistance to the antibiotics thus renderringthese ineffective.
D. Antibiotics are chemical substances produced by microbes which are
capable of inhibiting the growth of other microbes.
a) BACD
b) CBAD
c) DABC
121

d) DACB
e) ABDC
A. Had it been not for them, Indian banks would have had their hands tied
down.
B. Today, almost all the countries are facing the heat of recession.
C. One of these is the strict RBI and SEBI rules which regulated banking
sector very efficiently.
D. This could have led to massive losses to them, which could have percolated
to other sectors as well.
E. However, there are a few things which help India in bouncing back from
the state of recession.
F. Like others, India too has not remained immune to the epidemic.
a) A
b) E
c) D
d) F
e) C
a) A
b) B
c) C
d) D
e) E
a) A
b) B
c) D
d) E
e) F
rearrangement?
a) A
b) E
c) D
d) B
e) F
a) B
b) C
c) A
d) E
e) F
A. However while reading they would not know when to pause and what to
emphasize.
B. Since then their use has been regularized and the punctuation rules have
been followed by all.
122

C. In earlier days, people learnt by reading out loud.
D. But not everybody used the same punctuations for the same thing.
E. To address this problem, various signs depicting various punctuations were
introduced.
F. Thus firmer guidelines regarding punctuations were framed so that
everyone used them in similar way.
a) A
b) B
c) D
d) E
e) F
a) A
b) E
c) D
d) F
e) C
a) B
b) C
c) A
d) E
e) F
rearrangement?
a) C
b) E
c) D
d) B
e) F
a) A
b) B
c) C
d) D
e) E
Directions (Q. 86-90): Rearrange the following six sentences (A), (B), (C), (D)
and (E) in the proper sequence to form a meaningful paragraph and then
A. For instance, if we measure the room temperature continuously and plot its
graph with time on X-axis and temperature on the Y-axis, we get a
continuous waveform, which is an analog signal. Analog is always
continuous.
B. The absence or presence of something can be used to plot a digital signal.
C. An analog signal is a continuously varying signal, similar to a sinusoidal
waveform.
D. Any signal can be classified into one of the two types: analog and digital.
E. In contrast, a digital signal takes the form of pulses, where we have
something or nothing.
a) A
b) B
c) C
d) D
e) E
123
a) A
b) B
c) C
d) D
e) E
a) A
b) B
c) C
d) D
e) E
a) A
b) B
c) C
d) D
e) E
a) A
b) B
c) C
d) D
e) E
A. Moreover salaries in public sector enterprises are not as competitive as
those offered by private or foreign corporates.
B. This trend should be a wake up call for stakeholders to examine why
employees are seeking better opportunities with private companies in India
and abroad.
C. Public Sector Enterprises have been experiencing severe challenges in
attracting, motivating and retaining their key staff.
D. Having identified these as the reasons employees leave PSEs it is important
to empower stakeholders to find ways to remedy the situation.
E. One reason is that young employees lured away to private firms are more
willing to undertake professional risks.
F. Employees in specialist roles especially have become increasingly difficult
to retain.
a) A
b) B
c) C
d) D
e) E
a) A
b) B
c) C
d) D
e) F
a) A
b) B
c) C
d) D
e) E
124
a) A
b) B
c) C
d) D
e) E
rearrangement?
a) A
b) B
c) C
d) D
e) E
A. Assuming that all these reasons are true, the fact remains that there is an
urgent need to check the accelerated costs and initiate suitable measures.
B. Some people attribute it to the increasing greediness among the medicos.
C. The impact of these measures will be visible only after a considerable
passage of time.
D. Health care costs have been skyrocketing in our country.
E. The measures include yoga classes with emphasis on physical and mental
exercises and also change in food habits.
F. Certain othres feel that it is because of drastic changes in peoples lifestyle
and eating habits.
a) A
b) B
c) C
d) D
e) E
97. Which of the following should be the sentence after rearrangement?
a) A
b) B
c) C
d) D
e) E
a) A
b) B
c) C
d) D
e) E
a) A
b) B
c) C
d) D
e) E
100.
Which of the following should be the Sixth (Last) sentence after
rearrangement?
a) A
b) B
c) C
d) D
e) E
125

Directions (Q. 101-105): Rearrange the following six sentences (A), (B), (C),
(D), (E) and (F) in the proper sequence to form a meaningful paragraph and
then answer the questions given below.
A. However this is too narrow a definition for India.
B. Most often economic refer to opening the economy in terms of trade and
investment and tax cuts.
C. The sooner action is initiated the faster India will be able to attain its
targeted growth rate.
D. This is a standard definitoin of economic reforms and may be applicable to
most countries.
E. Economic reforms in India have to extend to reforming the public sector,
transport, power, agriculture and infrastructure among other sectors.
F. To identify these sectors and the necessary reforms required, there is a need
for new thought leadership.
101.
Which of the following should be the First sentence after
rearrangement?
a) A
b) B
c) C
d) D
e) E
102.
Which of the following should be the Fifth sentence after
rearrangement?
a) B
b) C
c) D
d) E
e) F
103.
rearrangement?
a) A
b) B
c) C
d) D
e) E
104.
Which of the following should be the Third sentence after
rearrangement?
a) A
b) B
c) C
d) D
e) F
105.
Which of the following should be the Second sentence after
rearrangement?
a) A
b) B
c) C
d) D
e) E
126

A. Irrespective of hierarchical level, he would give undivided attention to those
who voiced ideas.
B. He would then ask him some probing questions and turn to his senior most
manager to get these ideas implemented.
C. What set him apart from other industrialists was that he was not interested
in demonstrating his power over his employees.
D. This is a prime example of how he fostered the participation of everyone in
the organisation.
E. For example he would typically look intently at a young engineer
presenting his ideas.
F. Instead he thought of himself as one of the team.
106.
Which of the following should be the Fourth sentence after
rearrangement?
a) B
b) C
c) D
d) E
e) F
107.
rearrangement?
a) B
b) C
c) D
d) E
e) F
108.
rearrangement?
a) A
b) B
c) C
d) D
e) E
109.
rearrangement?
a) B
b) C
c) D
d) E
e) F
110.
rearrangement?
a) A
b) B
c) C
d) D
e) E
A. In fact, he believed that customers are the origin, the source of the money
we have.
B. The customer thus has the power to fire everybody in the company from the
Chairman on down.
127

C. Management can ensure this doesnt happen by motivating employees to
cultivate meaningful relationships with customers.
D. Sam Walton built his Walmart business empire knowing there was only one
boss the customer.
E. So it is not the company which pays us but the customer.
F. He can achieve this by simply spending his money elsewhere.
111.
rearrangement?
a) B
b) C
c) D
d) E
e) F
112.
rearrangement?
a) A
b) B
c) D
d) E
e) F
113.
rearrangement?
a) B
b) C
c) D
d) E
e) F
114.
rearrangement?
a) A
b) B
c) C
d) D
e) F
115.
rearrangement?
a) B
b) C
c) D
d) E
e) F
A. There are various ways to reduce this gap.
B. However as the success of the telecom, airline and banking industries
shows it is not these but competition among educational institutions which
is the solution.
C. Today, there is a huge demand in industry for taltnted youth with certain
skill sets.
D. Feedback from industry indicates that the reason for this trend is a huge gap
between the skill sets required in the market and the education system
output.
E. Many recommend privatization or corporatisation of the education system.
128

F. Despite this there is a trend of many graduates including engineers being
unemployed.
116.
rearrangement?
a) B
b) C
c) D
d) E
e) F
117.
rearrangement?
a) A
b) B
c) C
d) D
e) E
118.
rearrangement?
a) B
b) C
c) D
d) F
e) E
119.
rearrangement?
a) A
b) B
c) C
d) D
e) E
120.
rearrangement?
a) A
b) B
c) C
d) D
e) E
A. He, then hid nearby to watch and see who would remove it.
B. He saw a purse full of gold lying in the middle of the road. It was the kings
reward to the person who did something about the problem.
C. The king was tired of his subjects only complaining but doing nothing to
solve their problems.
D. A youth on his way to market saw the stone, put down his produce and
rolled the stone to the side of the road.
E. Many people passed by but dodged their duty of moving the stone instead
blaming the king for not keeping the highways clear.
F. One day he placed a heavy stone in the middle of the road.
121.
rearrangement?
a) B
b) C
c) D
129

d) E
e) F
122.
rearrangement?
a) A
b) B
c) C
d) D
e) E
123.
rearrangement?
a) A
b) B
c) C
d) D
e) F
124.
rearrangement?
a) A
b) B
c) C
d) D
e) E
125.
rearrangement?
a) B
b) C
c) D
d) E
e) F
A. Moreover salaries in public sector enterprises are not as competitive as
those offered by private or foreign corporates.
B. This trend should be a wake up call for stakeholders to examine why
employees are seeking better opportunities with private companies on India
and abroad.
C. Public Sector Enterprises have been experiencing severe challenges in
attracting, motivating and reltaining their key staff.
D. Having identified these as the reasons employees leave PSEs it is important
to empower stakeholders to find ways to remedy the situation.
E. One reason is that young employees lured away by private firms are more
willing to undertake professional risks.
F. Employees in specialist roles especially have become increasingly difficult
to retain.
126.
Which of the following should be the Last (Sixth) sentence after
rearrangement?
a) A
b) B
c) C
d) D
e) E
130

127.
rearrangement?
a) A
b) B
c) C
d) D
e) E
128.
rearrangement?
a) A
b) B
c) C
d) D
e) E
129.
rearrangement?
a) B
b) C
c) D
d) E
e) F
130.
rearrangement?
a) A
b) B
c) C
d) D
e) E
A.
B.
C.
D.
But it is normal for rates to vary somewhat.

The rate at which these actions emerge is sometimes a worry for parents.
As a child grows, his or her nervous system becomes more mature.
Having said that variation is normal, nearly al children begin to exhibit
certain motor skills at a fairly consistent rate unless some type of disability
is present.
E. As this happens, the child becomes more and more capable of performing
increasingly complex actions.
F. Hence, they frequently fret about whether or not their children are
developing these skills at a normal rate.
131.
rearrangement?
a) A
b) B
c) C
d) E
e) F
132.
rearrangement?
a) A
b) B
c) C
d) D
e) E
131

133.
rearrangement?
a) A
b) B
c) C
d) D
e) E
134.
rearrangement?
a) A
b) B
c) F
d) D
e) E
135.
rearrangement?
a) A
b) D
c) B
d) F
e) E
A. If China is the Worlds factory, India has become the Worlds outsourcing
centre-keeping in line with this image.
B. But, Indias future depends crucially on its ability to compete fully in the
creative economy not just in tech and software, but across design and
entrepreneurship; arts, culture and entertainment and the knowledge based
professions of medicine, finance and law.
C. While its creative assets outstrip those of other emerging competitors, India
must address several challenges to increase its international competitiveness
as the World is in the midst of a sweeping transformation.
D. This transformation is evident in the fact that the World is moving from an
industrial economy to a creative economy that generates wealth by
harnessing intellectual labour, intangible goods and human creative
capabilities.
E. Its software industry is the Worlds second largest, its tech outsourcing
accounts for more than half of the $300 bn global industry, according to a
technology expert.
F. If the meeting of World leaders at Davos is any indication, India is rapidly
becoming an economic rock star.
136.
rearrangement?
a) A
b) B
c) C
d) D
e) E
137.
rearrangement?
a) A
b) B
c) C
132

d) D
e) E
138.
rearrangement?
a) A
b) B
c) C
d) F
e) E
139.
rearrangement?
a) F
b) B
c) C
d) A
e) E
140.
rearrangement?
a) A
b) B
c) C
d) D
e) F
(D), (E), (F) and (G) in the proper sequence to form a meaningful paragraph
and then answer the questions given below.
A. But seriously, how much would you pay to know what thoughts are
swimming around in someone elses head?
B. In most fictional movies thus, the idea of reading minds of seeing the
private intentions of another, and the possibility of intervening in those
plans has always been highly attractive.
C. Such fantastical questions have long been the bread and butter of fiction.
D. Today, more than four centuries since the phrase, A penny for your
thoughts?, was first recorded, inflatoinary accounting makes that ancient
penny worth more than $40.
E. The going rate for a thought a probe into the thinking of another was
once quite a bargain.
F. And if you could really know their trjuthfulness how much more would you
pay?
G. Even with the sliding value of the dollar, this still seems quite a bargain.
141.
rearrangement?
a) F
b) D
c) C
d) G
e) A
142.
rearrangement?
a) A
b) B
c) G
d) D
e) F
133

143.
Which of the following should be the Sixth sentence after
rearrangement?
a) E
b) G
c) C
d) B
e) A
144.
Which of the following should be the Seventh (Last) sentence after
rearrangement?
a) A
b) B
c) F
d) D
e) E
145.
rearrangement?
a) A
b) B
c) C
d) D
e) E
A. Therefore, it is important to source a large part of economic growth in
agriculture, in rural non-agricultural activities and in productive expansion
of the informal sector which all have high employment elasticities, as well
as in an export strategy based on labour intensive exports.
B. It is important because it creates more resources and has the potential of
creating more space for the involvement of the poor.
C. If the growth is sourced upon those sectors of the economy or those
activities that have a natural tendency to involve the poor in their
expansion, such growth helps poverty eradication.
D. Economic growth is important.
E. But this involvement depends on the sources of growth and the nature of
growth.
146.
rearrangement?
a) A
b) B
c) C
d) D
e) E
147.
rearrangement?
a) E
b) D
c) C
d) B
e) A
148.
rearrangement?
a) A
b) B
c) C
d) D
e) E
134
149.
rearrangement?
a) E
b) D
c) C
d) B
e) A
150.
rearrangement?
a) A
b) B
c) C
d) D
e) E
A. What a waste of my tax money, I thought, walking past the people having
free Californian Chardonnay.
B. Speak to her, he said, Shes into books.
C. The friend who had brought me there noticed my noticing her.
D. In late 2003, I was still paying taxes in America, so it horrified me that the
US Consulate was hosting a Gallo drinking appreciation event.
E. Behind them, a pianist was playing old film tunes, and a slim short woman
was dancing around him.
151.
rearrangement?
a) A
b) B
c) C
d) D
e) E
152.
rearrangement?
a) A
b) B
c) C
d) D
e) E
153.
Which of the following should be the Fifth (Last) sentence after
rearrangement?
a) A
b) B
c) C
d) D
e) E
154.
rearrangement?
a) A
b) B
c) C
d) D
e) E
155.
rearrangement?
135

a) A
d) D
b) B
e) E
c) C
A. While the reference point for the former is the state, for the latter its
society.
B. Indias strategic community comprises two distinct circles with little
overlap.
C. Consequently, mainstream strategists have an external orientation to their
discourse, concentrating on high politics, the latter is more internal oriented.
D. Their prescriptions too are understandably poles apart and thus, the state, to
which both their commentary is directed, has to play balancer, and ends up
being at the receiving end of criticism from both sides.
E. Out of the two, one can be termed the mainstream and the other
alternate.
F. To further elaborate on the external and internal concept while one is
enamoured of Indias rise and place in the global order, the other is more
sensitive to its vulnerabilities and inadequacies.
156.
rearrangement?
a) E
b) D
c) C
d) B
e) A
157.
rearrangement?
a) A
b) B
c) C
d) D
e) E
158.
rearrangement?
a) E
b) D
c) C
d) B
e) A
159.
rearrangement?
a) A
b) B
c) C
d) D
e) E
160.
rearrangement?
a) A
b) B
c) C
d) D
e) F
136
A. Building of these structures requires a lot of fuel to be burnt which emits a
large amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.
B. The major source of carbon dioxide is power plants.
C. Another 20% of carbon dioxide emitted in the atmosphere comes from
burning of gasoline in the engines of vehicles.
D. Buildings, both commercial and residential represent a larger source of
global warming pollution than the said cars and trucks.
E. The major cause of global warming is the emission of green house gases
like carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide etc. into the atmosphere.
F. These power plants emit large amounts of carbon dioxide produced from
burning of fossil fuels for the purpose of electricity generation.
161.
rearrangement?
a) E
b) D
c) C
d) B
e) A
162.
rearrangement?
a) A
b) B
c) C
d) D
e) F
163.
rearrangement?
a) A
b) B
c) C
d) D
e) E
164.
rearrangement?
a) A
b) B
c) C
d) D
e) E
165.
rearrangement?
a) E
b) D
c) C
d) B
e) A
137

A. Increased competition, globalization and the need which once held the fort.
B. In order to achieve thse hype and sensationalism is put in to spice up the
new swhich have robbed news stories of credibility.
C. This is only possible if a lot more thought is put into the gethering and
presentation of the daily news and delivering it much more sensitively to its
receivers/users.
D. Technological innovation and economic change have transformed the news
industry to the extent where its original definition as a public service no
longer holds good.
E. In order to win it back, the media should make full use of the tremendous
power that the democracy blesses it with.
F. These included public good and social responsibility. But sadly, today,
these have made way for a business target of commecial viability and a
chase of viewership.
166.
rearrangement?
a) A
b) B
c) C
d) D
e) F
167.
rearrangement?
a) A
b) E
c) D
d) F
e) C
168.
rearrangement?
a) A
b) B
c) E
d) C
e) F
169.
rearrangement?
a) A
b) B
c) C
d) D
e) E
170.
rearrangement?
a) A
b) B
c) D
d) E
e) F
138

A. The Reserve Bank of India which had last intervened in the foreign
exchange market in June 2009, was seen buying dollars to stem the rupees
runaway appreciation.
B. The bank had for so long resisted a rate increase, but finally toed the line of
other banks as its cost of funds has gone up.
C. The local currency recently rose to a 25 month high against the dollar on
sustained capital inflows.
D. Some interesting things have happened in the Indian financial system in the
past few weeks.
E. The RBI also announced a Rs.12000 Crore buy back of government bonds
from the market to infuse money into a liquidity starved banking system.
F. Finally, the State Bank of India, the nations largest lender, has raised its
minimum lending rate, or base rate, by 10 basis points. (One basis point is
one-hundredth of a percentage point)
171.
rearrangement?
a) B
b) A
c) D
d) E
e) F
172.
Which of the following should be the Sixth (last) sentence after
rearrangement?
a) B
b) C
c) D
d) E
e) A
173.
rearrangement?
a) A
b) C
c) D
d) E
e) F
174.
rearrangement?
a) B
b) C
c) D
d) A
e) E
175.
rearrangement?
a) B
b) C
c) D
d) E
e) F
A. It is therefore, a contributing factor to the growth of landfills and waterway
pollution, both of which are costly and energy intensive to solve.
139

B. Making an effort to use those resources and avoid polystyrene ones can
help to decrease your environmental impact.
C. Non-biodegradable essentially means that any polystyrene that makes its
way into a landfill will stay there indefinitely, never breaking down and
returning to the earth.
D. Polystyrene, as a product, is very convenient to use, but it has some
important effects we should consider when making choices as consumers.
E. While recycling polystyrene material can cushion the environmental blow
of its use, alternatives are available that are created from renewable
resources and biodegrade more readily.
F. For example, while polystyrene has some excellent uses and is, technically,
recyclable, it is not a substance that biodegrades.
176.
Which of the following should be the Last (Sixth) sentence after
rearrangement?
a) A
b) B
c) C
d) D
e) E
177.
rearrangement?
a) E
b) F
c) A
d) D
e) B
178.
rearrangement?
a) A
b) B
c) C
d) D
e) E
179.
rearrangement?
a) B
b) C
c) D
d) E
e) F
180.
rearrangement?
a) A
b) B
c) C
d) D
e) E
A. In fact according to mainstream economists it is inevitable and a necessary
evil in any economy.
B. It is thus important for every nation to maintain this reserve of labour force
to maintain an optimal level of unemployment.
140

C. Unemployment is popularly believed to be an index which measures the
economic condition of a nation.
D. This is because it helps avert inflation by providing a reserve army of
labour which keeps wages in check.
E. The problem, however, only emerges when governments indirectly
facilitate unemployment in order to curb inflation through various policies
and frameworks, depriving a large population of its rundamental rights.
F. But contrary to popular belief unemployment is not always disadvantageous
to the economy of a state.
181.
rearrangement?
a) A
b) B
c) C
d) E
e) F
182.
rearrangement?
a) A
b) B
c) C
d) D
e) E
183.
rearrangement?
a) A
b) B
c) C
d) E
e) F
184.
rearrangement?
a) A
b) B
c) D
d) E
e) F
185.
rearrangement?
a) A
b) E
c) D
d) F
e) C
(D), (E), (F), (G) and (H) in the proper sequence to form a meaningful
paragraph and then answer the questions given below.
A. During the examination the invigilator noticed the chits and despite
Rajeshs plea for innocence asked him to leave the examination hall.
B. At this point Ravish realised his mistake and felt guilty, so he immediately
confessed his misdeed to the invigilator and left the examination hall.
C. Rajesh forgave Ravish because Ravish had not only accepted his mistake on
time but also had not let Rajesh be punished for the wrong reason.
141

D. Ravish and Rajesh were in college and had been friends since childhood.
However, Ravish did not trust Rajesh.
E. Another student Satish who had seen Ravish hiding something in Rajeshs
desk stood up and informed the invigilator of what he had seen.
F. One day Ravish decided to test Rajeshs friendship and so during one of the
college examinations Ravish went early to class and hid some chits in
Rajeshs desk.
G. Rajesh did not believe Satish, instead was furious that Satish had falsely
blamed his friend and agreed that he would leave his examination only if
Ravish was kept out of the matter.
H. After the examination was over Ravish apologized to Rajesh and promised
that he would be a good friend from then onwards.
186.
rearrangement?
a) G
b) H
c) E
d) D
e) C
187.
rearrangement?
a) C
b) D
c) E
d) F
e) G
188.
Which of the following should be the Eighth (Last) sentence after
rearrangement?
a) A
b) B
c) C
d) D
e) E
189.
rearrangement?
a) A
b) B
c) C
d) D
e) F
190.
rearrangement?
a) A
b) B
c) G
d) F
e) E
(D), (E), (F) and (G) in the proper sequence to form a meaningful paragraph
and then answer the questions given below.
A. Japanese toys, for instance, are in great damand despite the heavy import
duty.
B. The toys that they produce are almost without exception of the poorest
quality.
142

C.
D.
E.
F.
G.
Their manufacturers here need to be reminded of this.

The two toy libraries in Mumbai also rely largely on foreign made toys.
But making them is no childs play.
Toys are meant for children.
Not surprisingly, many parents prefer to buy the imported variety even
though these are usually much more expensive.
191.
rearrangement?
a) C
b) B
c) D
d) E
e) G
192.
Which of the following should be the Last sentence after
rearrangement?
a) C
b) B
c) D
d) E
e) G
193.
rearrangement?
a) E
b) G
c) A
d) F
e) B
194.
rearrangement?
a) B
b) E
c) C
d) D
e) A
195.
rearrangement?
a) F
b) E
c) C
d) D
e) B
A. I, therefore, contacted him, found out his fees and that he wanted to study at
a Teachers Training College.
B. He sent me a letter of thanks but I was surprised also to find some currency
notes in the envelope.
C. While reading the newspape, I saw an interview with a boy who had ranked
eighth in the SSC exams.
D. He knew I did not expect any account of the money, yet he had returned the
balance of the amount I had sent, as his expenditure was less.
E. He was unable to study further because his father earned only forty rupees a
day.
143

F. I, accordingly, sent Rs.1800 to cover his expenses for six months.
196.
rearrangement?
a) A
b) B
c) C
d) D
e) E
197.
rearrangement?
a) B
b) C
c) D
d) E
e) F
198.
rearrangement?
a) A
b) B
c) C
d) D
e) E
199.
rearrangement?
a) B
b) C
c) D
d) E
e) F
200.
rearrangement?
a) A
b) B
c) C
d) D
e) E
Answers:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
Option C
Option A
Option D
Option B
Option D
Option C
Option D
Option B
Option D
Option A
Option A
Option C
Option D
Option D
Option B
Option C
144

17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
35.
36.
37.
38.
39.
40.
41.
42.
43.
44.
45.
46.
47.
48.
49.
50.
51.
52.
53.
54.
55.
56.
57.
58.
59.
60.
61.
62.
Option E
Option B
Option D
Option A
Option D
Option B
Option E
Option A
Option D
Option C
Option B
Option C
Option E
Option E
Option B
Option D
Option A
Option E
Option C
Option E
Option A
Option D
Option B
Option E
Option B
Option D
Option E
Option A
Option C
Option C
Option E
Option A
Option A
Option D
Option C
Option C
Option D
Option D
Option B
Option C
Option E
Option A
Option A
Option D
Option E
Option B
145

63.
64.
65.
66.
67.
68.
69.
70.
71.
72.
73.
74.
75.
76.
77.
78.
79.
80.
81.
82.
83.
84.
85.
86.
87.
88.
89.
90.
91.
92.
93.
94.
95.
96.
97.
98.
99.
100.
101.
102.
103.
104.
105.
106.
107.
108.
Option D
Option C
Option A
Option D
Option B
Option B
Option E
Option A
Option D
Option B
Option E
Option A
Option D
Option B
Option B
Option E
Option C
Option C
Option A
Option B
Option E
Option D
Option C
Option D
Option A
Option C
Option E
Option B
Option C
Option E
Option E
Option B
Option D
Option D
Option B
Option A
Option E
Option C
Option B
Option E
Option C
Option A
Option D
Option D
Option C
Option B
146

109.
110.
111.
112.
113.
114.
115.
116.
117.
118.
119.
120.
121.
122.
123.
124.
125.
126.
127.
128.
129.
130.
131.
132.
133.
134.
135.
136.
137.
138.
139.
140.
141.
142.
143.
144.
145.
146.
147.
148.
149.
150.
151.
152.
153.
154.
Option E
Option C
Option C
Option A
Option A
Option C
Option D
Option E
Option C
Option A
Option D
Option E
Option E
Option B
Option C
Option A
Option C
Option D
Option C
Option B
Option E
Option A
Option B
Option A
Option C
Option E
Option B
Option D
Option E
Option C
Option D
Option E
Option B
Option A
Option C
Option B
Option E
Option D
Option C
Option E
Option D
Option A
Option C
Option D
Option B
Option A
147

155.
156.
157.
158.
159.
160.
161.
162.
163.
164.
165.
166.
167.
168.
169.
170.
171.
172.
173.
174.
175.
176.
177.
178.
179.
180.
181.
182.
183.
184.
185.
186.
187.
188.
189.
190.
191.
192.
193.
194.
195.
196.
197.
198.
199.
200.
Option E
Option C
Option D
Option A
Option B
Option A
Option B
Option A
Option E
Option C
Option D
Option C
Option D
Option C
Option D
Option A
Option B
Option A
Option B
Option E
Option C
Option B
Option C
Option D
Option E
Option E
Option B
Option C
Option A
Option C
Option B
Option A
Option C
Option C
Option D
Option D
Option A
Option C
Option D
Option E
Option E
Option C
Option D
Option A
Option E
Option D
148

Grammatical Errors
Directions (Q. 1-5) Read this sentence to find out whether there is any
grammatical mistake/error in it. The error, if any, will be in one part of the
sentence. Mark the part with the error as your answer. If there is no error,
mark No error as your answer. (Ignore the errors of punctuation if any).
1. Attributing rise in inflation partly for withholding of food stocks by
traders/the minister said that/he was committed/to easing this supply side
bottleneck.
a) Attributing rise in inflation partly for withholding of food stocks by
traders
b) The minister said that
c) He was committed
d) To easing this supply side bottleneck.
e) No error
2. Indias largest utility vehicle and tractor maker/is again in the race to
acquire/for stake in Swedish company/which is a premium car maker.
a) Indias largest utility vehicle and tractor maker
b) Is again in the race to acquire
c) For stake in Swedish company
d) Which a premium car maker
e) No error
3. With sale of branded or premium petrol becoming almost nil/due to high
duties,/a government appointed panel has recommended/slashing excise
duty to make them at par with regular fuel.
a) With sale of branded or premium petrol becoming almost nil
b) Due to high duties
c) A government appointed panel has recommended
d) Slashing excise duty to make them at par with regular fuel
e) No error
4. Keeping in mind/that power cuts are on different days in different areas/the
change in the factory law would enable individual factories within an
area/to determining their own weekly holidays.
a) Keeping in mind
b) That power cuts are on different days in different areas
c) The change in the factory law would enable individual factories within
an area
d) To determining their own weekly holidays
e) No error
149

5. Police officers have refused on identify the bystander,/who is the only
eyewitness to the crime,/but have said that the investigating team would
explore/if he could be a witness in the case.
a) Police officers have refused on identify the bystander
b) Who is the only eyewitness to the crime
c) But have said that the investigating team would explore
d) If he could be a witness in the case
e) No error
6. Mangal Pandey was well known (a) / because he was involved (b) / in the
initial stages (c) / of the Indian rebellion. (d) / No error (e)
7. Most of the Indian populatoins still lives (a) / in its villages and thus the
contribution of (b) / agriculture to Indian economy (c) / becomes very
important. (d) / No error (e)
8. Catherines grandfather always (a) / lost his balance while walking (b) / and
would be found fallen (c) / on the road. (d) / No error (e)
9. Her doctor was (a) / annoyed because she (b) / ignore her health (c) / even
after being hospitalised twice. (d) No error (e)
10. Raghav was worry (a) / about telling his parents (b) / that he wanted to
move out (c) / and live independently. / (d) No error (e)
11. (a) France is one of the wealthiest economy in the world, (b) home to
leaders in aviation, insurance, banking, tourism (c) and retail and is known
for its (d) fine cuisine and appellation-controlled wines. (e) No error
12. (a) The fashion is becoming a global game now, (b) where the label may
originate in one country, (c) chief designer from another country, (d) the
owner investor from third nation (e) No error
13. (a) In India, for over a decade now, (b) Ermenegildo Zegna has had a
successful (c) run with its stand alone stores (d) In Delhi, Mumbai and
Hyderabad. (e) No error
14. (a) The final outcome of Indias first environmental referendum is not yet
known (b) but the very fact that it is taking place (c) in the thick forested
150

and remote region of Niyamgiri (d) provides a small glimmer of hope. (e)
No error
15. (a) The court ordered the seizure of his properties (b) and gave him (c) an
additional 10 years in jail (d) for misuse of power. (e) No error
16. I am grateful to you (a) / and all your friends (b) / for they showed
sympathy (c) / and kindness towards me. (d) / No error (e)
17. While he was (a) / walking along the road (b) / a speeding car (c) / knocked
down to him. (d) No error (e)
18. Though none of his, (a) / so-called well-wishers forwarded to help (b) / I
helped him by (c) / completing his work on time. (d) / No error (e)
19. From the way he was talking (a) / it was clear (b) / that he had (c) / no
control on himself. (d) No error (e)
20. Your over-dependent on (a) / others even for (b) / trivial matters may (c) /
prove disadvantageous. (d) / No error (e)
21. He was awfully dissatisfy (a) / with the arrangements (b) / made for him (c)
/ by the security guards. (d) / No error (e)
22. I wanted to be (a) / out of the way (b) / when she was (c) / likely for
receiving the letter. (d) / No error (e)
23. We have rarely come (a) / across any programme, (b) / which does not
show (c) / violent in some from. (d) / No error (e)
24. A lot of people (a) / have involved in (b) / the national mission (c) / to
eradicate illiteracy. (d) / No error (e)
25. They failed in (a) / their plan only because (b) / they could not (c) / give
timely attention to it. (d) / No error (e)
26. Development of the (a) / agriculture sector being (b) / agricultural sector
being (b) / the main focus of (c) / the government today. (d) / No error (e)
27. Every citizen is (a) / required to follow scrupulous (b) / all the rules and
regulatoins (c) / prescribed by the government. (d) / No error (e)
151

28. They have donated (a) / large sums of money (b) / for the welfare of (c) /
the poor and the underprivileged. (d) / No error (e)
29. He asked me what (a) / my role in conducting (b) / the seminar for the (c) /
participants of different countries was. (d) / No error (e)
30. Mr.Arya who is a (a) / renowned economist has (b) / been appointed to (c) /
an advisor to the minister. (d) / No error (e)
31. The principle that (a) / a pen is mightier (b) / then a sword (c) / was known
to early Greeks. (d) No error (e)
32. Martha missed her dog (a) / who died of a (b) / skin infection at a (c) / very
young age. (d) No error (e)
33. There was such (a) / a crowd that (b) / he would not (c) / find his brother.
(d) No error (e)
34. Having managed the (a) / team of two (b) / years, he knew (c) / his players
well. (d) No error (e)
35. Because of heavy (a) / rains the trains (b) / are disable to (c) / run on time.
(d) No error (e)
36. The revised governments (a) / guidelines have reduced (b) / the number of
mergers (c) / taking place among banks. (d) No error (e)
37. I do not know (a) / who of the (b) / new trainees should (c) / be confirmed.
(d) No error (e)
38. To promote India as (a) / a tourist destination (b) / the government has
organized (c) / many cultural programmes. (d) / No error (e)
39. Banks in India (a) / cannot open ATMs (b) / except obtaining (c) / approval
from RBI. (d) No error (e)
40. Today the success of (a) / companies depends on the (b) / quality of their
products and (c) / efficient managing staff. (d) / No error (e)
41. Some of our staff is worried (a) / that as soon as (b) / the project is over
they (c) / will lose their jobs. (d) No error (e)
152

42. If you decide to hold (a) / the function in Kolkata (b) / not much of us (c) /
will be able to attend. (d) No error (e)
43. In case you need five people (a) / to run a branch you (b) / should be
selected (c) / ten since some may leave. (d) No error (e)
44. Although he approached (a) / many private businesses to invest (b) / in his
printing business (c) / nobody of them was interested. (d) No error (e)
45. How can you give up (a) / this job when you are (b) / just about to be (c) /
appointed for General Manager. (d) No error (e)
46. Governments and businesses must reduce (a) / its own energy use (b) / and
promote conservation (c) / to their citizens and employees. (d) No error (e)
47. If the allegations (a) / made against him (b) / are found to be true (c) / he
could face rigorous imprisonment. (d) No error (e)
48. Having acquired some experience (a) / she is no longer (b) / one of those
who believes (c) / every explanation she is given. (d) No error (e)
49. On discovering that (a) / it was a forgery (b) / he torn up the agreement (c) /
he had signed. (d) No error (e)
50. With regard to implementation the (a) / details of the proposal (b) / the
committee was divided (c) / in its opinion. (d) / No error (e)
51. She considered herself (a) / very fortunated to (b) / have had a (c) / very
good education. (d) No error (e)
52. A lot number of people (a) / donate money to the organisation (b) / at this
time (c) / of the year. (d) No error (e)
53. The leader of the opposition (a) / is in the danger (b) / of lost his seat (c) / in
the next elections. (d) No error (e)
54. He is the same (a) / ice-cream vendor (b) / which sold ice-creams (c) / when
we were kids. (d) No error (e)
55. The police received (a) / tremendous support from (b) / the general public
(c) / over that issue. (d) No error (e)
153

56. Farmers will be (a) / entitled to fresh (b) / agricultural loans (c) / from July
onward. (d) No error (e)
57. Today there is (a) / over one billion (b) / people living in poverty (c) / in
developing countries. (d) No error (e)
58. There is no need (a) / to import maize (b) / since there is (c) / any demand
for it. (d) No error (e)
59. Accordingly their policies (a) / banks write off (b) / banks write off (c) /
oustanding amounts (c) / in NPA accounts. (d) No error (e)
60. In order to (a) / be profitable (b) / a company needs (c) / to control its costs.
(d) No error (e)
61. Our housing society comprises (a) / six block and thirty flats (b) / in an area
of (c) / about thousand square metres. (d) No error (e)
62. Still remaining in the ancient castle (a) / are the Dukes collection of early
Dutch paintings (b) / which will be (c) donated to a museum. (d) No error
(e)
63. Computer education (a) / in universities and colleges today (b) / leaves
much (c) / to be desired. (d) No error (e)
64. Everyone knows (a) / that the tiger (b) / is faster (c) / of all animals. (d) No
error (e)
65. When he (a) / had got what (b) / he wanted (c) he has gone home. (d) No
error (e)
66. One of the basics of good writing (a) / is to have a (b) / clear understanding
of the target audience (c) / and its requirements. (d) No error (e)
67. Radha with (a) / her brothers (b) / and sisters (c) / are present here. (d) No
error (e)
68. The language used for writing text books (a) / differs from other forms of
writing (b) / in its preference on (c) / simplicity over style. (d) No error (e)
69. He is one of the (a) / most intelligent (b) student (c) / I have every taught.
(d) No error (e)
70. This road is (a) / worst than (b) / any other road (c) / of the city. (d) No
error (e)
154

71. Governments and businesses must reduce (a) / its own energy use (b) / and
promote conservation (c) / to their citizens and employees. (d) No error (e)
72. If the allegations (a) / made against him (b) / are found to be true (c) / he
could face rigorous imprisonment. (d) No error (e)
73. Mangal Pandey was well known (a) / because he was involved (b) / in the
initial stages (c) / of the Indian rebellion. (d) / No error (e)
74. On discovering that (a) / it was a forgery (b) / he torn up the agreement (c) /
he had signed. (d) No error (e)
75. Our housing society comprises (a) / six block and thirty flats (b) / in an area
of (c) / about thousand square metres. (d) No error (e)
76. Mr.Singhs son has applied (a) / to the post (b) / of Assistant Manager (c) /
in a construction company. (d) No error (e)
77. He submitted (a) / the request for compensation (b) / of time but (c) / it was
denied. (d) No error (e)
78. Unfortunately today many (a) / parents cannot afford (b) / to send its (c)
children to school. (d) No error (e)
79. He was convinced (a) / that he (b) / loss the account (c) / because of bad
luck. (d) No error (e)
80. In his opinion (a) / every senior citizens (b) / will benefit (c) / from the new
rule. (d) No error (e)
81. I was pretty sure that (a) / he would support me (b) / for changing the ageold (c) / and static structure of our organization. (d) No error (e)
82. The interrogation made by (a) / him hardly yield (b) / any can create
conclusion (c) / about the crime. (d) No error (e)
83. Jayesh loved his Guru immensely (a) / and gave him fullest loyalty, (b) / yet
he had his own (c) / independent way of thinking. (d) No error (e)
84. I caught him (a) / from the hand (b) / and began (c) / to plead. (d) No error
(e)
85. If you have good (a) / control over breathing (b) / you can float (c) / on
water effortlessly. (d) No error (e)
155

86. Such an act of cruelty (a) / had never (b) / be committed (c) / before. (d) No
error (e)
87. The girl said (a) / that she preferred (b) / the blue gown (c) / than the black
one. (d) No error (e)
88. Being a very cold day (a) / I would (b) / not go out for (c) / a morning walk.
(d) No error (e)
89. The principle that (a) / a pen is mightier (b) / then a sword (c) / was known
to early Greeks. (d) No error (e)
90. During the course of the exhibition, (a) / the old man who was (b) / looking
usually cheerful (c) / kept on take notes. (d) No error (e)
91. No country can long endure (a) / if its foundations (b) were not laid deep (c)
/ in the material prosperity. (d) No error (e)
92. I went to the liberarian and Cashier (a) / and they gave me (b) / all facilities
required (c) / to complete the project. (d) No error (e)
93. When she comes (a) / to see us (b) / she usually were bring (c) / somethings
with her. (d) No error (e)
94. Why did you (a) / not told me (b) / that the meeting (c) / was postponed. (d)
No error (e)
95. He picked up (a) / the books (b) / and put it (c) / on the table. (d) No error
(e)
96. Many multinational companies (a) / have not been as (b) / successful in
India (c) / than we expected. (d) No error (e)
97. He has ruined (a) / his eyesight (b) / by not using (c) / his spectacles
regularly. (d) No error (e)
98. Mostly of the (a) / newly recruited officers (b) / have no experience (c) / in
the banking sector. (d) No error (e)
99. The resignation of (a) / one of our Directors (b) / have caused the price (c) /
of shares to fall. (d) No error (e)
156

100.
There are many (a) / ways of which (b) / inflation can (c) / be
measured. (d) No error (e).
101.
Base on the research (a) / we have conducted in (b) / different parts
of the country (c) / this scheme will be successful. (d) No error (e)
102.
I want to share (a) / my experience with you (b) / though you will
(c) / benefit from it. (d) No error (e)
103.
He used to advise (a) / his students to do (b) / their work serious if
they (c) / wanted to achieve their goals. (d) No error (e)
104.
Any of these branches do (a) / not require more than (b) / two
employees since they (c) / have been recently established. (d) No error (e)
105.
He encouraged us to (a) / think but none of the (b) / suggestions we
made was (c) / discussed at the meeting. (d) No error (e)
106.
Our countrys performance (a) / in the last few national and
international games (b) / is fairly ordinary (c) / and below our stature. (d)
No error (e)
107.
We have (a) / fairly standard accounting procedures (b) / that are on
the line (c) / with the internationally accepted norms. (d) No error (e)
108.
The company is negotiating (a) / new store launches (b) / at nearby
(c) / half the rent (d) No error (e)
109.
Intense fear blocks (a) / both to the generation (b) / and expression
(c) / of ideas (d) No error (e)
110.
The Government officials have been met (a) / heads of commercial
Banks later this week (b) / to get their views on liquidity (c) / and growth in
deposits (d) No error (e)
111.
The Government has asked individuals (a) / with income of over
Rs.10 Lakh to (b) / electronic file tax returns for the year 2011-12, (c) /
something which was optional till last year. (d) No error (e)
157

112.
The power tariff had already (a) / been increased twice in (b) / the
last 15 months and the Electricity Board had also (c) / levied
additionalmonthly charges to consumers. (d) No error (e)
113.
Despite of curfew (a) / in some areas, minor (b) / communal
incidents were reported (c) / from different areas of the walled city. (d) No
error (e)
114.
This comes (a) / at a time (b) / when fund allocation (c) / is been
doubled (d) No error (e)
115.
As the prison will get (a) / an official telephone facility soon, the
prisoners (b) / wont have to make calls in discreet manner (c) / through
smuggled mobile phones. (d) No error (e)
116.
The ban of Indian hockey today is (a) / lack of interest by the part
of the public (b) / which in turn is fuelled by the perception that (c) / it
doesnt pay to take up the sport as a career. (d) No error (e)
117.
Illegal sand mining has become (a) / a boom business fuelled (b) /
by the ever-increasing demand (c) / of the construction industry. (d) / No
error (e)
118.
Much is the inflow of travelers that (a) / it is tough to book an air
ticket (b) / to Ahmedabad and the international flights (c) / too are almost
over-booked. (d) No error (e)
119.
Experts believe that a (a) / gradually decreasing infant mortality
rate (b) / is lead to a proportionate (c) / decrease in the size of our brains.
(d) No error (e)
120.
In just two months after having (a) / planted these, most of the
plants have (b) / either dried up and are suffering (c) / due to lack of
maintenance. (d) No error (e)
121.
Inception of regional rural banks can be (a) / seen as a unique
experiment as well as (b) / an experience in improvement the efficacy of (c)
/ rural credit delivery mechanism in India. (d) No error (e)
122.
In rural areas, often (a) / on small family farms, it is (b) / difficulty
to improve ones standard of (c) / living beyond basic sustenance. (d) No
error (e)
158

123.
People, especially the elderly, (a) / are often forced to move to
cities (b) / where there are hospitals that can (c) / cater for their health
needs. (d) No error (e)
124.
In modern times industrialization of agriculture (a) / has negative
affected the economy (b) / of small and middle-sized farms and has strongly
(c) / reduced the size of the rural labour market. (d) No error (e)
125.
A national survey of rural health care providers (a) / was
undertaken to identify (b) / their perceptions of the (c) / environmental
health issues faced their constituents. (d) No error (e)
126.
The President has denied (a) / that the economy is in recession (b) /
or was go into one (c) / despite a spate of downcast reports. (d) No error (e)
127.
The angry at being (a) / left out of the bonanza (b) / is palpable
among (c) / employees of the organization. (d) / No error (e)
128.
His comments came after (a) / the research group said that its (b) /
consumer confidence index were (c) / slumped to its lowest level. (d) No
error (e)
129.
If all goes well (a) / the examination scheduled for next month (b) /
is all set to be completely free (c) / from annoying power cuts and
disruptions. (d) No error (e)
130.
There are just too few trains (a) / for the ever-grow (b) number of
passengers (c) / in the city. (d) No error (e)
131.
The Director prefers (a) / your plan than (b) / that given by (c) / the
other members of the committee. (d) No error (e)
132.
I always prefer (a) / working in a relaxed atmosphere (b) / than one
full of (c) / tension and anxiety. (d) No error (e)
133.
You should not discuss (a) / about a matter (b) / with friends who
are likely (c) / to find it offensive. (d) No error (e)
134.
Having to stay (a) / in the jungle that night, (b) / they had nothing
(c) / to feed at. (d) No error (e)
135.
The student (a) / answered to (b) / the question (c) / asked by the
inspector of school. (d) No error (e)
159

136.
Dress in black (a) / several students from the Univesity took part
(b) / in a protest march in the city on Thursday as part (c) / of a campaign
against female infanticide. (d) No error (e)
137.
On the second day of the workshop, (a) / participants does a
situational analysis of the state (b) / and spoke about their plan of action (c)
/ for implementing the Act. (d) No error (e)
138.
The Court has asked the authorities (a) / to take appropriate steps to
restore natural water resources (b) / so that the water shortage problem (c) /
in the state can be solved. (d) No error (e)
139.
The poor experience in (a) / neighbouring countries which have
implemented (b) / food stamp programmes should serve as (c) / a deterrent
on our country (d) No error (e)
140.
The Government has warned (a) / that air pollution from vehicles
and power stations (b) / is reducding life expectancy in the country (c) / in
an average of six months. (d) No error (e)
141.
The right to adequate food (a) / and clean drinking water (b) /
should be regarded as a (c) / basic right of all citizens of India (d) No error
(e)
142.
A sharp fall in (a) / international prices of tea (b) / have lead Tea
plantation workers (c) / in Kerala to face starvation. (d) No error (e)
143.
In spite freedom of the press is vital to democracy (a) / the thin line
between reporting facts (b) / and expressing opinions on them (c) / is being
increasingly crossed. (d) No error (e)
144.
In India, the teacher has been elevated (a) / to a position of power
(b) / and a part of that power has been (c) / to assuming the right to punish
the students (d) No error (e)
145.
In the flying game, there are a host of (a) / new low-cost airlines
that dare to roar, (b) / providing a glimmer of hope of (c) / more cheapper
air transport to millions. (d) No error (e)
160

146.
Sugar sweetened drinks does not (a) / pose any particular health
risk, and (b) / are not a unique risk factor (c) / for obesity or heart disease.
(d) No error (e)
147.
Airline managements should note (a) / that the ultimate passenger
unfriendliness (b) / is to have their planes crash (c) / due to the adopted of
unsafe procedures. (d) No error (e)
148.
Celebrating its ten long years (a) / in the industry, a private
entertainment channel (b) / announce a series of (c) / programmes at a press
conference. (d) No error (e)
149.
The award ceremony ended (a) / on a note of good cheer (b) / with
audiences responding warmly (c) / to its line up of films. (d) No error (e)
150.
The actress was ordered for (a) / wear an alcohol monitoring
bracelet and (b) submit to random weekly drug testing after (c) / she failed
to appear for a court date last week. (d) No error (e)
Answers:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
Option A
Option B
Option A
Option E
Option A
Option A
Option A
Option C
Option C
Option A
Option A
Option D
Option E
Option C
Option D
Option C
Option D
Option B
Option E
Option A
Option A
Option D
Option D
Option B
Option E
Option B
Option B
Option E
161

29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
35.
36.
37.
38.
39.
40.
41.
42.
43.
44.
45.
46.
47.
48.
49.
50.
51.
52.
53.
54.
55.
56.
57.
58.
59.
60.
61.
62.
63.
64.
65.
66.
67.
68.
69.
70.
71.
72.
73.
74.
Option E
Option C
Option C
Option B
Option C
Option B
Option B
Option A
Option B
Option C
Option C
Option D
Option A
Option C
Option C
Option D
Option D
Option B
Option E
Option C
Option C
Option A
Option B
Option A
Option C
Option C
Option C
Option D
Option A
Option D
Option A
Option E
Option B
Option B
Option E
Option D
Option D
Option E
Option D
Option C
Option D
Option B
Option B
Option D
Option A
Option C
162

75.
76.
77.
78.
79.
80.
81.
82.
83.
84.
85.
86.
87.
88.
89.
90.
91.
92.
93.
94.
95.
96.
97.
98.
99.
100.
101.
102.
103.
104.
105.
106.
107.
108.
109.
110.
111.
112.
113.
114.
115.
116.
117.
118.
119.
120.
Option B
Option B
Option C
Option C
Option D
Option B
Option C
Option B
Option D
Option B
Option E
Option B
Option A
Option B
Option C
Option B
Option C
Option B
Option C
Option B
Option C
Option D
Option E
Option A
Option C
Option B
Option A
Option C
Option C
Option A
Option E
Option C
Option C
Option C
Option B
Option A
Option C
Option D
Option A
Option D
Option A
Option B
Option B
Option A
Option C
Option C
163

121.
122.
123.
124.
125.
126.
127.
128.
129.
130.
131.
132.
133.
134.
135.
136.
137.
138.
139.
140.
141.
142.
143.
144.
145.
146.
147.
148.
149.
150.
Option C
Option C
Option E
Option C
Option D
Option C
Option A
Option C
Option A
Option B
Option B
Option C
Option B
Option D
Option B
Option A
Option B
Option E
Option D
Option D
Option D
Option C
Option A
Option D
Option A
Option A
Option D
Option C
Option E
Option A
164

Chapter - __
Phrases and Idioms
1. A big cheese an important or a powerful person in a group or family

2. A boon in disguise a benefit in loss
3. A bull in a China shop an awkward person
4. A but under the weather falling ill
5. A dead letter an argument or law not followed by anyone
6. A dish fit for Gods something of very high quality
7. A house of cards a poor plan
8. A nine days wonder pleasure for a short time
9. A queer fish a strange person
10.A red letter day an important day
11.A wakeup call an event done to warn someone
12.A witch hunt an attempt to find and punish those who have options that
are believed to be dangerous
13.A worms eye view having very little knowledge about something
14.Afraid of ones own shadow to become easily frightened
15.Against the clock to be in a hurry to do something before a particular
time
16.Air ones dirty laundry to make public something embarrassing that
should be kept secret
17.All systems go everything is ready
18.An arm and a leg a large amount of money
19.An educated guess - a guess which was likely to corrected
20.Appear out of now here to appear suddenly without warning
21.Apple of someones eye someone loved very much
22.As the crow flies measuring distance between two places in a straight line
23.Ask for the moon to ask for too much
24.Asleep at the switch not to be alert on opportunity
25.At an arms length to keep at a distance
26.At sixes and sevens to be lost and bewildered
27.At someones beck and call to be always ready to serve
28.At the eleventh hour be too late
29.At the heels of to follow someone
30.Back to the salt mines back to something that you dont want to do
31.Bad blood feelings of hate between two families
165
32.Ball of fire active and energetic

33.Bark up the wrong tree to make a wrong assumption
34.Battle down the hatches prepare for difficult times
35.Be above board to be honest and legal
36.Be at each others throat two persons arguing angrily
37.Be at the drum to speak eagerly about something you support
38.Be bouncing off the walls excited and full of nervous energy
39.Be in seventh heaven extremely happy
40.Be in the doldrums not very successful or nothing new is taking place
41.Be on cloud nine be very happy
42.Be on the edge to be nervous or worried about something
43.Be tailor made to be completely suitable for someone
44.Beat ones brain out to work hard
45.Beat ones head against the wall to try to do something that is hopeless
46.Begin to see the light to begin to understand
47.Behind closed doors done in secret
48.Bend your ears to talk to someone for a very long time about something
boring
49.Bent on doing to be determined to do something
50.Bite off more than one can chew to do more than ones ability
51.Bite the bullet to face a difficult situation bravely
52.Bite your tongue to stop yourself from saying something because it
would be better not to
53.Bitter pill to swallow an unpleasant fact that must be accepted
54.Black and blue full of bruises
55.Black sheep of the family worst member
56.Blessing in disguise something that turns out to be good which earlire
appeared to be wrong
57.Blind leading the blind someone who does not understand something but
tries to explain it to other
58.Blow ones own horn to praise one
59.Blow someones mind excite someone
60.Blue blood belonging to high social class
61.Brass monkey weather extremely cold weather
62.Break the back of reduce the power of something
63.Break the ice to make more comfort or relaxed with a person whom you
have not met earlier, to break the silence
64.Bring home the bacon to earn money to live
166
65.Burn a hole in ones pocket to spend money quickly

66.Burn the midnight oil to study till late of night
67.Bushmans holiday a holiday where you spend doing same thing as you
did at working days
68.Buttons one lip to keep quite
69.Cap it all to finish
70.Cards are stacked against luck is against you
71.Carrot and sticks you use both awards as well as punishments to make
someone do something
72.Carry coals to new castle to take something to a place or a person that
has a lot of that thing already
73.Cast a long shadow something or someone that casts a long shadow has
considerable influence on other people or events
74.Change horses in midstream to change plans
75.Cloak and dragger when people behave in very secret manner
76.Crack a book to open book to study
77.Cried with eyes out cried a lot
78.Cross a bridge before one comes to it worry about the future in advance
79.Dances to the tune to always do what someone tells you to do
80.Dark house one who was previously unknown and is not prominent
81.Dont court your chickens before they hatch do not rely on something
you are not sure of
82.Down to Earth Practical or humble, unpretentious
83.Dressed up to the nines wearing fancy clothes
84.Drink like a fish To drink very heavily
85.Drive a wedge between to break relationship between the two
86.Elephant in the room ignoring a large, obvious problem or failing to
address an issue that stands out in a major way
87.Every cloud has a silver lining To be optimistic, even in difficult times
88.Face the music-to accept punishment for something you have done.
89.Fall on your own sword- to be cheated by someone you trust.
90.Feather in ones cap- something that you achieve and proud of.
91.Feel the pinch- to have problems with money.
92.Follow your nose- When giving directions, telling someone to follow their
nose means that they should go straight ahead.
93.Fool's paradise- A fool's paradise is a false sense of happiness or success
94.French leave- absent without permission, to take French leave is to leave a
gathering without saying goodbye or without permission.
95.From cradle to grave- during the whole span of your life.
167
96.Get a raw deal- not treated equally

97.Get off the hook- free from all obligations
98.Gift of the gab- talent of speaking, if someone has the gift of the gab, they
speak in a persuasive and interesting way
99.Give someone a bird- make fun
100.
Gives cold shoulder- to ignore
101.
Give-up the ghost- to die
102.
Go tell it to birds- This is used when someone says something that
is not credible or is a lie
103.
Go under the hammer- If something goes under the hammer, it is
sold in an auction
104.
Got the slap on the wrist- got light punishment
105.
Got the wind up- to be scared
106.
Graveyard shift- If you have to work very late at night, it is the
graveyard shift
107.
Grease monkey- A grease monkey is an idiomatic term for a
mechanic
108.
Hand to mouth- Someone who's living from hand to mouth, is
very poor and needs the little money they have coming in to cover their
expenses
109.
Have a big mouth- one who gossips more or tells secret
110.
Have a one track mind- think only of one thing
111.
Have an egg on the face- be embarrassed
112.
Have ants in your pants- not be able to keep still because you are
very excited or worried about something.
113.
Have clean hands- be guiltless
114.
Have eyes bigger than stomach- desiring more food than one can
eat
115.
Have no truck with- If you have no truck with something or
someone, you refuse to get involved with it or them
116.
Having a whole of a time- to enjoy very much
117.
Heart in the right place- good natured
118.
Heart missed a beat- very excited
119.
Himalayan blunder- a serious mistake
120.
Hit the bull's-eye- If someone hits the bull's-eye, they are exactly
right about something or achieve the best result possible.
121.
Hold ones horse- be patient
122.
Hold water- When you say that something does or does not 'hold
water', it means that the point of view or argument put forward is or is not
168

sound, strong or logical. For e.g. 'Saying we should increase our interest
rates because everyone else is doing so will not hold water.
123.
If the shoe fits, wear it- This is used to suggest that something that
has been said might apply to a person
124.
In droves- When things happen in droves, a lot happen at the same
time or very quickly
125.
In the doghouse- If someone is in the doghouse, they are in
disgrace
and
very
Unpopular at the moment.
126.
In cahoots within a partnership usually for a dishonest reason
127.
Jack Frost - If everything has frozen in winter, then Jack Frost has
visited.
128.
Jack the Lad - A confident and not very serious young man who
behaves as he wants to without thinking about other people is a Jack the
Lad.
129.
Jack-of-all-trades- A jack-of-all-trades is someone that can do
many different jobs.
130.
Jam on your face - If you say that someone has jam on their face,
they appear to be caught, embarrassed or found guilty.
131.
Jam tomorrow - This idiom is used when people promise good
things for the future that will never come.
132.
Jersey justice - Jersey justice is very severe justice.
133.
Jet set - Very wealthy people who travel around the world to attend
parties or functions are the jet set.
134.
Jet-black - To emphasise just how black something is, such as
someone's hair, we can call it jet-black.
135.
Job's comforter - Someone who says they want to comfort, but
actually discomforts people is a Job's comforter.
136.
Jobs for the boys - Where people give jobs, contracts, etc, to their
friends and associates, these are jobs for the boys.
137.
Jockey for position - If a number of people want the same
opportunity and are struggling to emerge as the most likely candidate, they
are jockeying for position.
138.
Joe Public - Joe Public is the typical, average person.
139.
Jog my memory- If you jog someone's memory, you say words
that will help someone trying to remember a thought, event, word, phrase,
experience, etc.
140.
Johnny-come-lately - A Johnny-come-lately is someone who has
recently joined something or arrived somewhere, especially when they want
to make changes that are not welcome.
169
141.
Join the club - Said when someone has expressed a desire or

opinion, meaning "That viewpoint is not unique to you". It can suggest that
the speaker should stop complaining since many others are in the same
position. Example: "If this train doesn't come, I'll be late for work!" "Join
the club!"
142.
Joined at the hip - If people are joined at the hip, they are very
closely connected and think the same way.
143.
Judge, jury and executioner - If someone is said to be the judge,
jury, and executioner, it means they are in charge of every decision made,
and they have the power to be rid of whomever they choose.
144.
Juggle frogs - If you are juggling frogs, you are trying to do
something very difficult.
145.
Jump on the bandwagon - If people jump on the bandwagon, they
get involved in something that has recently become very popular.
146.
Jump ship - If you leave a company or institution for another
because it is doing badly, you are jumping ship.
147.
Jump the broom - To jump the broom is to marry.
148.
Jump the gun - If you jump the gun, you start doing something
before the appropriate time.
149.
Jump the track - Jumping the track is suddenly changing from one
plan, activity, idea, etc, to another.
150.
Jump through hoops - If you are prepared to jump through hoops
for someone, you are prepared to make great efforts and sacrifices for them.
151.
Jump to a conclusion - If someone jumps to a conclusion, they
evaluate or judge something without a sufficient examination of the facts.
152.
Jungle out there - If someone says that it is a jungle out there, they
mean that the situation is dangerous and there are no rules.
153.
Jury's out - If the jury's out on an issue, then there is no general
agreement
or
consensus
on
it.
Just around the corner- If something is just around the corner, then it is
expected to happen very soon.
154.
Just coming up to - If the time is just coming up to nine o'clock, it
means that it will be nine o'clock in a very few seconds. You'll hear them
say it on the radio in the morning.
155.
Just deserts - If a bad or evil person gets their just deserts, they get
the punishment or suffer the misfortune that it is felt they deserve.
156.
Just for the record - If something is said to be just for the record,
the person is saying it so that people know but does not necessarily agree
with
or
support
it.
Just in the nick of time - If you do something in the nick of time, you just
manage to do it just in time, with seconds to spare.
170
157.
Just off the boat - If someone is just off the boat, they are naive
and inexperienced.
158.
Just what the doctor ordered - If something's just what the doctor
ordered, it is precisely what is needed.
159.
Keep ones eye on the ball- be ready for something
160.
Kick up a row- to start a fight, to create disturbance
161.
Know which way the wind blows- This means that you should
know how things are developing and be prepared for the future
162.
Left to your own devices- If someone is left to their own devices,
they are not controlled and can do whatever they want
163.
Let someone slide- neglect something
164.
Let the cat out of the bag- reveal the secret
165.
Like a shag on a rock- completely alone.
166.
Like a sitting duck- totally unaware
167.
Lions share- a major share
168.
Loaves and fishes- done for material benefits
169.
Make a bee line for- to go directly towards something.
170.
Make a dry face- show disappointment
171.
Make a monkey of someone- If you make a monkey of someone,
you make them look foolish
172.
Make castles in the air- plans or hopes that have very little
chances of happening.
173.
Make ones bed and lie on it- to be responsible for what you have
done and accept the results
174.
Man of his word- A man of his word is a person who does what he
says and keeps his Promises
175.
Meet ones waterloo- meet ones final end
176.
Needle in a haystack- If trying to find something is like looking
for a needle in a haystack, it means that it is very difficult, if not impossible
to find among everything around it
177.
Never-never land- ideal best place.
178.
New brush sweeps clean- 'A new brush sweeps clean' means that
someone with a new perspective can make great changes. However, the full
version is 'a new brush sweeps clean, but an old brush knows the corners',
which warns that experience is also a valuable thing
179.
No love lost between- dislike
180.
Nobodys fool- one who can take care of himself
181.
not having a leg to stand for- not having proof
182.
Old flames die hard- It's very difficult to forget old things
171
183.
On pins and needles- If you are on pins and needles, you are very
worried about something
184.
On its last legs- in a bad condition and will not last long
185.
On the bandwagon- doing something because others are also
doing it
186.
On the hook- If someone is on the hook, they are responsible for
something.
187.
Once in a blue moon- very rarely
188.
Only the wearer knows where the shoe pinches- This means that
it's hard to know how much someone else is suffering.
189.
Open Pandoras box- to discover more problems
190.
Over the moon- being too happy
191.
Paper over the cracks- to try to hide something
192.
Pick someone to pieces- to criticize sharply
193.
Pull up the shocks- do things in the right manner and correctly
194.
Put the cart before the horse- doing things in a wrong manner
195.
Queer fish- A strange person is a queer fish
196.
Quiet as a cat- If somebody is as quiet as a cat they make as little
noise as possible and try to be unnoticeable
197.
Quiet as a mouse- If someone's as quiet as a mouse, they make
absolutely no noise
198.
Rack and ruin- If something or someone goes to rack and ruin,
they are utterly destroyed or wrecked
199.
Rain on your parade- If someone rains on your parade, they ruin
your pleasure or your plans
200.
Rake someone over the coals- If you rake someone over the coals,
you criticize or scold them severely
201.
Read between the lines- read hidden meanings
202.
Recipe for disaster- A recipe for disaster is a mixture of people
and events that could only possibly result in trouble
203.
Red carpet- If you give someone the red-carpet treatment, you give
them
a
special
Welcome to show that you think they are important
204.
Red herring- If something is a distraction from the real issues, it is
a red herring
205.
Red letter day- A red letter day is a one of good luck, when
something special happens to you
206.
Round the houses- If you go round the houses, you do something
in an inefficient way when there is a quicker, more convenient way
172
207.
Run into the sand- If something runs into the sand, it fails to
achieve a result
208.
Salt on the earth- fundamental good people
209.
Shake a leg- to go fast, hurry
210.
Snake in the grass- a hidden army
211.
Snake in the shoes- to be in a state of fear
212.
Spill the beans- to expose a secret
213.
Tables are turned- When the tables are turned, the situation has
changed giving the advantage to the party who had previously been at a
disadvantage
214.
Take a back seat- choose to decrease involvement
215.
Take someone under your wing- If you take someone under your
wing, you look after them while they are learning something
216.
Take the cloth- to become a priest
217.
Take your medicine- If you take your medicine, you accept the
consequences of something you have done wrong
218.
Taking to a brick wall- taking with a no response
219.
Talking to a brick wall- If you talk to someone and they do not
listen to you, it is like talking to a brick wall
220.
Taste of your own medicine- If you give someone a taste of their
own medicine, you do something bad to someone that they have done to
you to teach them a lesson
221.
The apple does not fall far from the tree- Offspring grow up to
be like their parents
222.
Though thick and thin- under all conditions
223.
Threaded his way out- walked carefully through
224.
Tit for tat- an action done to revenge against a person who has
done some wrong to you
225.
To bell the cat- to take great risks
226.
To blow a fuse- to turn someone angry
227.
To crow over- to triumph over someone
228.
To look through colored glasses- to look the things not as they are
229.
Uncharted waters- If you're in uncharted waters, you are in a
situation that is unfamiliar to you, that you have no experience of and don't
know what might happen
230.
Under a cloud- If someone is suspected of having done something
wrong, they are under a cloud
231.
Under fire- If someone is being attacked and criticized heavily,
they are under fire
173
232.
Under lock and key- If something is under lock and key, it is

stored very securely
233.
Up a river without a paddle- If you up a river without a paddle,
you are in an unfortunate situation, unprepared and with none of the
resources to remedy the matter
234.
Up for grabs- If something is up for grabs, it is available and
whoever is first or is successful will get it
235.
Up to the neck- If someone's in something up to the neck, they are
very involved in it, especially when it's something wrong
236.
Upset the apple cart- to create difficulty
237.
Vale of tears- This vale of tears is the world and the suffering that
life brings.
238.
Vent your spleen - If someone vents their spleen, they release all
their anger about something.
239.
Vicar of Bray - A person who changes their beliefs and principles
to stay popular with people above them is a Vicar of Bray
240.
Vicious circle - A vicious circle is a sequence of events that make
each other worse- someone drinks because they are unhappy at work, then
loses their job... 'Vicious cycle' is also used.
241.
Vinegar tits - A mean spirited women lacking in love or
compassion.
242.
Virgin territory - If something is virgin territory, it hasn't been
explored before.
243.
Voice in the wilderness - Someone who expresses an opinion that
no one believes or listens to is a voice in the wilderness,especially if proved
right later.
244.
Volte-face - If you do a volte-face on something, you make a
sudden and complete change in your stance or position over an issue.
245.
Vultures are circling - If the vultures are circling, then something
is in danger and its enemies are getting ready for the kill.
246.
Wait for a raindrop in the drought- When someone is waiting for
a raindrop in the drought, they are waiting or hoping for something that is
extremely unlikely to happen
247.
Walking on broken glass- When a person is punished for
something
248.
Weight ones word- be careful to what one says
249.
Wet behind the ears- Someone who is wet behind the ears is either
very young or inexperienced
174

Chapter - __
One Word Substitutions
1. A speech delivered without any previous preparation Extempore
2. One who has no money Pauper
3. A place for sick people who need long period of treatment or rest
Sanatorium
4. A great lover of books Bibliophile
5. One who breaks into a house to commit theft Burglar
6. The killing of human beings Homicide
7. The Science which studies the crust of the earth Geology
8. A study of man Anthropology
9. A paper written by hand Manuscript
10. One who collects coins Numismatists
11. One who is skilled in the study of celestial bodies Astronomer
12. Work for which no salary is paid Honarary
13. A writing or speech in praise of someone Eulogy
14. Person who talks a lot Garrulous
15. The meat of deer Venison
16. One who goes on foot Pedestrian
17. Exclusive possession of the trade in some commodity Monopoly
18. A person who regards the whole World as his country Cosmopolitan
19. One who believes in fate Fatalist
20. Someone who knows a lot about the subject Scholar
21. Loss of money Amnesia
22. A person having deep study in a language Philologist
23. One who is free from all mistakes and failures Infallible
24. A person difficult to please Fastidious
25. The home of a large fierce wild animal Den
26. A long pole used for rowing a boat Oar
27. The original inhabitants of a country Aborigines
28. The Science dealing with the motion of projectile like rockets bombs and
shells Ballistics
29. Emblem of medical profession and US army medical corps Caduceus
30. One who is sued by the plaintiff Defendant
31. Persons with unusual or odd personality Eclectric
32. Sworn allegance to a lord Fealthy
33. International distriuction of racial groups Genocide
34. Curve with two distinct and similar branches Hyperbola
35. A line on a map connecting points having the same amount of rainfall in a
given period Isohyets
36. One who is out to subvert a government Anarchist
37. One who murder ones mother Matricide
38. A lover of God Philotheist
175

39. The Science relating to the formation and development of words
Elymology
40. A shed for motor car Garage
41. One who is easily deceived Gullible
42. Vehicle to carry dead bodies Hearse
43. Person having no knowledge of any happening Ignorant
44. A planned rout or journey, details of travel Itinerary
45. The area over which an official has control Jurisdiction
46. A school for small children Kindergarten
47. The science of reasoning Logic
48. Purely fictitious narrative usually involving supernatural being etc. Myth
49. A person with an evil reputation Notorious
50. One who looks at the bright side of things, somebody positive Optimist
51. A supposed cure for all diseases or problems Panacea
52. Stanza of four lines Quatrain
53. Direct decision by a general vote on the single question Referendum
54. Write hurriedly or carelesslyin regard to hand writing Scribble
55. A writing which end in death or sorrow Tragedy
56. A state of highest perfection Utopia
57. Repetition of word by word Verbatim
58. A man devoid of kind feeling and sympathy Callous
59. Act or art of rhetorical exercise Declamation
60. Sure to produce desired results Efficacious
61. One who thinks only of welfare of women Feminist
62. An animal story with a moral Fable
63. Custom of having many wives Polygamy
64. Group of three novels Trilogy
65. Just punishment for wrong doing Nemesis
66. Man having the qualities of woman Effeminate
67. List of explanation of words Glossary
68. Member of a band of robbers Brigand
69. Old age when a man behaves like a fool Dotage
70. One who cuts precious stones Lapidist
71. One who fights for the sake of money Mercenary
72. One who is more interested in himself Introvert
73. One who lends money at high rate Usurer
74. One who sacrifices his life for country Martyr
75. One who travels from place to place Itinerant
76. Person pretending to be somebody he is not Imposter
77. Person who is against ordinary society especially dressing Hippy
78. Person who regards the whole World as his country Cosmopolitan
79. Places where government records are kept Archives
80. Public building where weapons are made and stored Arsenal
81. Send unwanted person out of the country Deport
82. Stage between boyhood and youth Adolescence
83. Study of statistics of birth, death and diseases Demography
176

84.
85.
86.
87.
88.
Things that cannot be understood Unintelligible

Walking in sleep Somnambulism
One who is all powerful Omnipotent
A place for housing aero planes Hanger
One who is filled with excessive and mistaken enthusiasm in religious
matters Fanatic or Bigot
89. One who runs away from justice or the law Fugitive
90. Words which are inscribed on the grave or the tomb in the memory of the
buried Epitaph
91. A fault that may be forgiven Venial
92. One who acts against religion Heretic
93. That which can be seen through Transparent
94. A place where money is made Mint
95. Murder of infant Infanticide
96. Able to adapt oneself readily to many sitations Versatile
97. A person who is womanish in his habits Effeminate
98. One who talks continuously Loquacious
99. Animals which live in water Aquatic
100.
The life history of a person written by himself Autobiography
101.
The art of elegant speech of writing Rhetoric
102.
To cut off a part of a persons body which is infected Amputate
103.
A published collection of poems from different poets Anthology
104.
A list of books representing some scholarly work for reference
Bibliography
105.
A person who eats human flesh Cannibal
106.
The Government of people Democracy
107.
The practice or custom of marrying only within a local community
Endogamy
108.
The time or date, when the day and night are of the same length
Equinox
109.
Destruction of red blood cells Haemolysis
110.
A person who talks excessively Loquacious
111.
Destructive of the kidney Nephrotoxic
112.
Extreme fear from strangers Xenophobia
113.
A book published after the death of its author Posthumas
114.
Belonging to the middle ages Medieval
115.
Hard but liable to be easily broken Brittle
116.
Misappropriation of money Embezzlement
117.
One who dies without a Will Intestate
118.
Persons who work together Colleagues
119.
Something that cannot be imitated Inimitable
120.
That which cannot be conquered Invincible
121.
World written on the tomb of a person Epitaph
122.
A study of the body Physiology
123.
A strong desire to return home or home-sickness Nostalgia
124.
One who hates women Misogynist
177

125.
One who questions everything Cynic
126.
A study of races Ethnology
127.
Murder of self Suicide
128.
Violating the sanctity of a church Sacrilege
129.
A school boy who cuts classes frequently Truant
130.
Politicians are notorious for doing undue favour to their relatives
Nepotism
178

Chapter
Cloze Test
Directions (Q. 1-4) In the sentence below, a word is printed in bold. Below the
sentence, five words/group of words are suggested, one of which can replace the
bold word, without changing the meaning of the sentence. Find out the appropriate
word/group of words in each case.
1. If you familiarize yourself with the culture of that area, you will be able to
enjoy life there.
a) Submit
b) Acquaint
c) Associate
d) Look after
e) None of these
2. For such a gigantic task, there should be some special task force.
a) Trivial
b) Important
c) Huge
d) Gallantry
e) None of these
3. If you are required to handle things under stress, mistakes are inevitable.
a) Correctable
b) Detectable c) Unpardonable
d) Unavoidable
e) None of these
4. People who trespass this gate will be fined.
a) Cross without permission
b) Climb up and cross over
c) Break unlawfully
d) Pass on
e) None of these
Directions (Q. 5-9) Below the four words are given. One of these four words may
be wrongly spelt. Find out the word which is wrongly spelt, if there is any. The
number of that word is your answer. If all the words are correctly spelt mark All
correct as the answer.
5. Below the four words are given. One of these four words may be wrongly
spelt. Find out the word which is wrongly spelt, if there is any. The number
of that word is your answer. If all the words are correctly spelt mark All
a) Adventure
b) Demonstration
c) Environment
d) Innosent
e) All Correct
a) Limitasion
b) Dependable
c) Miniature
179

d) Qualitative
e) All Correct
a) Lucrative
b) Ancestral
c) Performanse
d) Incidentally
e) All Correct
a) Futility
b) Separasion
c) Embarrassment
d) Positively
e) All Correct
a) Tournament
b) Enhancement
c) Amazingly
d) Continuation
e) All Correct
Directions (Q. 10-14)
A. The researchers in these companies claim that they could do better by allowing
their employees to doze off at work place.
B. The dreams, while at work, are thus helpful to solve crucial problems.
C. Would you believe that some UK based companies are arranging for bed at the
work place?
D. The reason, they claim, could be that dreams produce creative solutions.
E. We only hope that these crucial problems in UK are different from those of ours.
F. But it is true and is considered as a step to improve quality of their products.
a) A
b) B
c) C
d) D
e) None of these
a) A
b) B
c) C
d) D
e) None of these
a) A
b) B
c) C
d) D
e) None of these
180

a) A
d) D
b) B
e) None of these
c) C
14. Which of the following should be the Sixth sentence after rearrangement?
a) A
b) B
c) C
d) E
e) None of these
Directions (Q. 15-18) In the following sentence, an idiomatic expression or a
proverb is highlighted. Select the alternative which best describes its use in the
sentence.
15. Mrs.Nayak opened the discussion on the alarming rate of poverty in India.
a) Started the discussion
b) Gave her opinion in the discussion
c) Did not agree on the discussion
d) Welcomed the people to the discussion
16. The course of events made it necessary for Joseph to start working.
a) Events that were planned
b) Long list of future events
c) A succession of unexpected events
d) Nature of events that followed after Joseph joined work
17. The new law on 'Right to Food Safety' will come into force next month.
a) Be forced upon the people
b) Be associated from next month onwards
c) Be implemented next month
d) Be withdrawn next month
18. When the girl wanted to stay out past midnight, her father put his foot
down.
a) Gave in to her request
b) Walked away disapprovingly
c) Obstructed her from leaving the house
d) Requested her to be home on time
A. The reasons for their happiness was that they had come to the Vithal temple of
Pandharpur to see their beloved Lord.
B. There were rich, poor men, women, children, blind, handicapped among them.
C. They were all in a very happy state of mind, as was apparent from their glowing
faces.
D. They would worship and seek the Divine blessings while in Pandharpur.
E. It was an auspicious day and many people had assembled in the temple.
F. Though different there was one commonality among.
181

19. Which of the following should be the Fourth statement after rearrangement?
a) A
b) B
c) C
d) D
e) None of these
20. Which of the following should be the Fifth statement after rearrangement?
a) A
b) B
c) C
d) D
e) None of these
21. Which of the following should be the Sixth statement after rearrangement?
a) A
b) B
c) C
d) D
e) None of these
22. Which of the following should be the First statement after rearrangement?
a) A
b) B
c) C
d) E
e) None of these
23. Which of the following should be the Second statement after
rearrangement?
a) A
b) B
c) C
d) D
e) None of these
Directions (Q. 24-28) Which of the phrases given below should be replaced the
phrase given in bold in the sentence to make the sentence grammatically meaningful
and correct?
24. There are lot many opportunities for young IT graduates today.
a) Lot many of
b) Very many of
c) A lot many
25. Along the course off his carrer, he has established a reputation for
efficiency.
a) In the course off
b) During the course of
c) While the course of
26. It is much likely his train has been delayed due to bad weather.
a) Quite likely that
b) Mostly like that
c) Much likely that
27. He answered every question put on him frankly.
a) Put for him
182

b) Put to him
c) Put by himself
d) Putting on him
28. The engineers have been working overtime, but have been not able to locate
the fault.
a) Have not been unable
b) Are not unable
c) Have been unable
A. Besides, they get a lot of exposure to novel things through media.
B. Therefore, their mental development did not show any extraordinary signs.
C. Children of the present generation appear to be smarter than their earlier
counterparts.
D. Thus, the environment of present days has brought out these changes.
E. This is probably because there are lots of opportunities for their indirect learning.
F. Children of yester years did not have these facilities.
29. Which of the following will be the Third sentence after rearrangement?
a) A
b) B
c) C
d) D
e) None of these
30. Which of the following will be the First sentence after rearrangement?
a) A
b) B
c) C
d) D
e) None of these
31. Which of the following will be the Sixth sentence after rearrangement?
a) A
b) B
c) C
d) D
e) None of these
32. Which of the following will be the Second sentence after rearrangement?
a) A
b) B
c) C
d) E
e) None of these
33. Which of the following will be the Fifth sentence after rearrangement?
a) A
b) B
c) C
d) D
e) None of these
Answers:
1.
2.
3.
4.
Option B
Option C
Option D
Option A
183

5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
Option D
Option A
Option C
Option B
Option E
Option E
Option A
Option D
Option B
Option D
Option A
Option C
Option C
Option C
Option C
Option D
Option B
Option D
Option A
Option C
Option B
Option A
Option B
Option C
Option A
Option C
Option D
Option D
Option B
184

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