Manuel Matthew P.

Chanco V
BS Chemical Engineering
2010-01334
I.

Discussion
The experiment was all about Calorimetry. Basically, it is the process
of measuring the enthalpy change of a given chemical reaction. A calorimeter
was first set up, specifically Styrofoam Calorimeter and calibrated using
Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH) and Hydrochloric Acid (HCl). After the
calibration, different chemical reactions were made and the Enthalpy
changes of each were measured using the information from the calibration.
The results were compared to the theoretical values which made a very large
percentage error. A possible cause of this error is the mistake in
measurements of reagents that were used. It will have a great change on the
value of the Enthalpy change because the amount of the limiting reactant will
change. The experiment may be considered as failed because of the large
discrepancy of the values to the experimental.

II.

Calculations

Hrxn = (qrxn)/nLR
qcal = (Ccal)(T)
qcal = -qrxn
Sample: T1 = 3.5C;

T2 = 3.0C; nLR = 0.005mol; Ccal = 279J/C

qcal = (Ccal)( T)
qcal = (279J/C)(3.5C); (279J/C)(3.0C)
qcal = 976.5J; 837.0J
qcal = -qrxn
qrxn = -976.5J; -837.0J
Hrxn = (qrxn)/nLR
Ave. Hrxn = (-195.3kJ/mol +
-167.4kJ/mol)/2
Hrxn = (-976.5J)/ (0.005mol); (-837.0J)/ (0.005mol) Ave. Hrxn = -181.4kJ/mol
Hrxn = -195.3kJ/mol; -167.4kJ/mol
Theo.
Hrxn =Hf,products Hf,reactants = (-486.01 + -132.51) (-80.29 + -485.76)
kJ/mol = -52.47kJ/mol
% error = abs ([theoretical experimental]/ theoretical) x 100
= abs ([(-52.47kJ/mol) (-181.4kJ/mol)]/ -52.47) x 100 = 245.7%
III.

Answers to questions
1. a. If the resulting solution is not equal to 15mL, then there might be an increase
or a decrease of amount of reagent that was made to react. If that happened, it
will change the amount of limiting reactant (or even change the species of the
limiting reactant) thereby causing the change of the calculated Enthalpy change
of the reaction.
b. It is important so that the computed H is more accurate and precise.
c. Just like in b, it will make the calculated H more accurate and precise.
Moreover, it also affects its magnitude compared to reactions with only liquid
reagents.

2. a. HA + NaOH NaA + H2O ; H = -6.0kJ, 200mL of 0.5M HA

mol HA = (0.200L)(0.5M) = 0.1mol
(1mol)(-6000J/0.1mol) = -60000J/mol or -60kJ/mol; Hrxn = -60kJ/mol
b. Since the energy that was released in comparison to the formation of water is
almost equal, then it can be assumed that HA is a strong acid because of how
ions are neutralized by water.
c. H+ + OH- H2O
3. a. H+ + OH- H2O
b. Cu2+ + Zn Zn2+ + Cu
c. Given: 20mL 0.450M CuSO4; 0.264g Zn T = 8.83C 0.00404mol = nLR
15mL 2.0M HCl; 5mL 2.0M NaOH T = 5.60C 0.01mol = nLR
H+ + OH- H2O H = -55.8kJ
-55.8kJ/mol = (qrxn)/ 0.01mol <==> qrxn = -0.558kJ <==> qcal = 0.558kJ
qcal = CcalT <==> 0.558kJ = Ccal(5.60C) <==> Ccal = 99.6J/C
d. qcal = (99.6J/C)(8.83C) <==> qrxn = -879.8J
Hrxn = qrxn/nLR = -879.8J/0.00404mol = -218.0kJ or -220kJ
4. Hfo = -285kJ/mol
H+ + OH- H2O H = -55.8kJ
Hrxn =Hf,products Hf,reactants <==> -55.8kJ/mol = (-285kJ/mol) (Hf OHo + Hf Ho)
-55.8kJ/mol + 285kJ/mol = Hf OHo <==> Hf OHo = -229.2kJ/mol
IV.

References
Petrucci, R.H., Harwood, W.S., & Herring, F.G. (1997). General Chemistry:
Principles and Modern Applications. New Jersey: Prentice-Hall, Inc. 8th ed.
Redmore, F.H. (1980). Fundamentals of Chemistry. Quezon City: Apson Enterprises.