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Inthedesignofelectricalpowersystems,theANSIStandardDeviceNumbers(ANSI/IEEEStandard
C37.2)denotewhatfeaturesaprotectivedevicesupports(suchasarelayorcircuitbreaker).These
typesofdevicesprotectelectricalsystemsandcomponentsfromdamagewhenanunwantedevent
occurs,suchasanelectricalfault.Devicenumbersareusedtoidentifythefunctionsofdevicesshown
onaschematicdiagram.Functiondescriptionsaregiveninthestandard.ANSI/IEEEC37.22008is
oneofacontinuingseriesofrevisionsofthestandard,whichoriginatedin1928.

DeviceNumbers
1. MASTER ELEMENT
istheinitiatingdevice,suchasacontrolswitch,voltagerelay,floatswitch,etc.,whichserveseither
directlyorthroughsuchpermissivedevicesasprotectiveandtimedelayrelaystoplaceanequipment
inoroutofoperation.

2. TIME DELAY STARTING OR CLOSING RELAY


isadevicethatfunctionstogiveadesiredamountoftimedelaybeforeorafteranypointofoperation
inswitchingsequenceorprotectiverelaysystem,exceptasspecificallyprovidedbyservicefunction
48,62,and79.

3. CHECKING OR INTERLOCKING RELAY


isarelaythatoperatesinresponsetothepositionofanumberofotherdevices(ortoanumberof
predeterminedconditions)inanequipment,toallowanoperatingsequencetoproceed,ortostop,or
toprovideacheckofthepositionofthesedevicesoroftheseconditionsforanypurpose.

4. MASTER CONTACTOR
isadevicegenerallycontrolledbydevicefunction1ortheequivalentandtherequiredpermissiveand
protectivedevices,thatservestomakeandbreakthenecessarycontrolcircuitstoplaceanequipment
intooperationunderthedesiredconditionsandtotakeitoutofoperationunderotherorabnormal
conditions.

5. STOPPING DEVICE
isacontroldeviceusedprimarilytoshutdownanequipmentandholditoutofoperation.(Thisdevice
maybemanuallyorelectricallyactuated,butexcludesthefunctionofelectricallockout[seedevice
function86]onabnormalconditions.)

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6. STARTING CIRCUIT BREAKER

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isadevicewhoseprincipalfunctionistoconnectamachinetoitssourceofstartingvoltage.

7. ANODE CIRCUIT BREAKER


isadeviceusedintheanodecircuitsofapowerrectifierfortheprimarypurposeofinterruptingthe
rectifiercircuitifanarcbackshouldoccur.

8. CONTROL POWER DISCONNECTING DEVICE


isadisconnectingdevice,suchasaknifeswitch,circuitbreaker,orpulloutfuseblock,usedforthe
purposeofrespectivelyconnectinganddisconnectingthesourceofcontrolpowertoandfromthe
controlbusorequipment.

Note:controlpowerisconsideredtoincludeauxiliarypowerwhichsuppliessuchapparatusas
smallmotorsandheaters.

9. REVERSING DEVICE
isadevicethatisusedforthepurposeofreversingamachinefieldorforperforminganyother
reversingfunctions.

10. UNIT SEQUENCE SWITCH


isaswitchthatisusedtochangethesequenceinwhichunitsmaybeplacedinandoutofservicein
multipleunitequipments.
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11. RESERVED FOR FUTURE APPLICATION


(USBRassignedControlPowerTransformer).

12. OVERSPEED DEVICE


isusuallyadirectconnectedspeedswitchwhichfunctionsonmachineoverspeed.

13. SYNCHRONOUSSPEED DEVICE


isadevicesuchasacentrifugalswitch,aslipfrequencyrelay,avoltagerelay,andundercurrentrelay
,oranytypeofdevicethatoperatesatapproximatelythesynchronousspeedofamachine.

14. UNDERSPEED DEVICE


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isadevicethatfunctionswhenthespeedofamachinefallbelowapredeterminedvalue.

15. SPEED OR FREQUENCY MATCHING DEVICE


isadevicethatfunctionstomatchandholdthespeedorfrequencyofamachineorofasystemequal
to,orapproximatelyequalto,thatofanothermachine,source,orsystem.
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16. RESERVED FOR FUTURE APPLICATION


(USBRassignedBatteryChargingDevice).

17. SHUNTING OR DISCHARGE SWITCH


isaswitchthatservestoopenortocloseashuntingcircuitaroundanypieceofapparatus(excepta
resistor,suchasamachinefield,amachinearmature,acapacitor,orareactor).

Note:Thisexcludesdevicesthatperformsuchshuntingoperationsasmaybenecessaryinthe
processofstartingamachinebydevices6or42,ortheirequivalent,andalsoexcludesdevice
function73thatservesfortheswitchingofresistors.

18. ACCELERATING OR DECELERATING DEVICE


isadevicethatisusedtocloseortocausetheclosingofcircuitswhichareusedtoincreaseor
decreasethespeedofamachine.

19. STARTINGTORUNNING TRANSITION CONTACTOR


isadevicethatoperatestoinitiateorcausetheautomatictransferofamachinefromthestartingto
therunningpowerconnection.

20. VALVE
isoneusedinavacuum,air,gas,oil,orsimilarline,whenitiselectricallyoperatedorhaselectrical
accessoriessuchasauxiliaryswitches.
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21. DISTANCE RELAY


isarelaythatfunctionswhenthecircuitadmittance,impedance,orreactanceincreasesordecreases
beyondpredeterminedlimits.

22. EQUALIZER CIRCUIT BREAKER


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isabreakerthatservestocontrolortomakeandbreaktheequalizerorthecurrentbalancing
connectionsforamachinefield,orforregulatingequipmentinamultipleunitinstallation.

23. TEMPERATURE CONTROL DEVICE


isadevicethatfunctiontoraiseorlowerthetemperatureofamachineorotherapparatus,orofany
medium,whenitstemperaturefallsbelow,orrisesabove,apredeterminedvalue.

Note:Anexampleisathermostatthatswitchesonaspaceheaterinaswitchgearassembly
whenthetemperaturefallstoadesiredvalueasdistinguishedfromadevicethatisusedto
provideautomatictemperatureregulationbetweencloselimitsandwouldbedesignatedas
devicefunction90T.

24. RESERVED FOR FUTURE APPLICATION


(USBRassignedbustiecircuitbreaker,contactor,orswitch.)

25. SYNCHRONIZING OR SYNCHRONISMCHECK DEVICE


isadevicethatoperateswhentwoaccircuitsarewithinthedesiredlimitsoffrequency,phaseangle,
orvoltage,topermitortocausetheparallelingofthesetwocircuits
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26. APPARATUS THERMAL DEVICE


isadevicethatfunctionswhenthetemperatureoftheshuntfieldortheamortisseurwindingofa
machine,orthatofaloadlimitingorloadshiftingresistororofaliquidorothermedium,exceedsa
predeterminedvalue:orifthetemperatureoftheprotectedapparatus,suchasapowerrectifier,orof
anymediumdecreasebelowapredeterminedvalue.

27. UNDERVOLTAGE RELAY


isarelaythatfunctionsonagivenvalueofundervoltage.

28. FLAME DETECTOR


isadevicethatmonitorsthepresenceofthepilotormainflameofsuchapparatusasagasturbineor
asteamboiler.

29. ISOLATING CONTACTOR


isadevicethatisusedexpresslyfordisconnectingonecircuitfromanotherforthepurposesof
emergencyoperation,maintenance,ortest.
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30. ANNUNCIATOR RELAY


isanonautomaticallyresetdevicethatgivesanumberofseparatevisualindicationsofthefunctions
ofprotectivedevices,andwhichmayalsobearrangedtoperformalockoutfunction.
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31. SEPARATE EXCITATION DEVICE


isadevicethatconnectsacircuit,suchastheshuntfieldofasynchronousconverter,toasourceof
separateexcitationduringthestartingsequenceoronethatenergizestheexcitationandignition
circuitsofapowerrectifier.

32. DIRECTIONAL POWER RELAY


isadevicethatfunctionsonadesiredvalueofpowerflowinagivendirectionoruponreversepower
resultingfromarcbackintheanodeorcathodecircuitsofapowerrectifier.

33. POSITION SWITCH


isaswitchthatmakesorbreakscontactwhenthemaindeviceorpieceofapparatuswhichhasno
devicefunctionnumberreachesagivenposition.

34. MASTER SEQUENCE DEVICE


isadevicesuchasamotoroperatedmulticontactswitch,ortheequivalent,orprogrammingdevice,
suchasacomputer,thatestablishesordeterminestheoperatingsequenceofthemajordevicesina
equipmentduringstartingandstoppingorduringothersequentialswitchoperations.

35. BRUSHOPERATING OR SLIPPING SHORTCIRCUITING DEVICE


isadeviceforraising,lowering,orshiftingthebrushesofamachine,orforshortcircuitingitsslip
rings,orforengagingordisengagingthecontactsofamechanicalrectifier.
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36. POLARITY OR POLARIZING VOLTAGE DEVICE


isadevicethatoperates,orpermitstheoperationof,anotherdeviceonapredeterminedpolarityonly,
orverifiesthepresenceofapolarizingvoltageinanequipment.

37. UNDERCURRENT OR UNDERPOWER RELAY


isarelaythatfunctionwhenthecurrentorpowerflowdecreasesbelowapredeterminedvalue.

38. BEARING PROTECTIVE DEVICE


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isadevicethatfunctionsonexcessivebearingtemperature,oronanotherabnormalmechanical
conditionsassociatedwiththebearing,suchasunduewear,whichmayeventuallyresultinexcessive
bearingtemperature.

39. MECHANICAL CONDITION MONITOR


isadevicethatfunctionsupontheoccurrenceofanabnormalmechanicalcondition(exceptthat
associatedwithbearingascoveredunderdevicefunction38),suchasexcessivevibration,
eccentricity,expansionshock,tilting,orsealfailure.

40. FIELD RELAY


isarelaythatfunctionsonagivenorabnormallylowvalueorfailureofamachinefieldcurrent,oron
excessivevalueofthereactivecomponentofarmaturecurrentinanacmachineindicating
abnormallylowfieldexcitation.
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41. FIELD CIRCUIT BREAKER


isadevicethatfunctionstoapplyorremovethefieldexcitationofamachine.

42. RUNNING CIRCUIT BREAKER


isadevicewhoseprincipalfunctionistoconnectamachinetoitssourceofrunningoroperation
voltage.Thisfunctionmayalsobeusedforadevice,suchasacontactor,thatisusedinserieswitha
circuitbreakerorotherfieldprotectingmeans,primarilyforfrequentopeningandclosingofthe
breaker.

43. MANUAL TRANSFER OR SELECTOR DEVICE


isamanuallyoperateddevicethattransfersthecontrolcircuitsinordertomodifytheplanofoperation
oftheswitchingequipmentorofsomeofthedevices.

44. UNIT SEQUENCE STARTING RELAY


isarelaythatfunctiontostartthenextavailableunitinamultipleunitequipmentuponthefailureor
nonavailabilityofthenormallyprecedingunit.

45. ATMOSPHERIC CONDITION MONITOR


isadevice,thatfunctionsupontheoccurrenceofanabnormalatmosphericcondition,suchas
damagingfumes,explosivemixtures,smokeorfire.
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46. REVERSE PHASE OR PHASE BALANCE CURRENT RELAY


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isarelaythatfunctionswhenthepolyphasecurrentsareofreversephasesequence,orwhenthe
polyphasecurrentsareunbalancedorcontainnegativephasesequencecomponentsaboveagiven
amount.

47. PHASESEQUENCE VOLTAGE RELAY


isarelaythatfunctionuponapredeterminedvalueofpolyphasevoltageinthedesiredphase
sequence.

48. INCOMPLETE SEQUENCE RELAY


isarelaythatgenerallyreturnstheequipmenttothenormal,oroff,positionandlocksitoutifthe
normalstarting,operating,orstoppingsequenceisnotproperlycompletedwithinapredetermined
time.Ifthedeviceisusedforalarmpurposesonly,itshouldpreferablybedesignatedas48A(alarm).

49. MACHINE OR TRANSFORMER THERMAL RELAY


isarelaythatfunctionswhenthetemperatureofamachinearmature
orotherloadcarryingwindingorelementofamachineorthetemperatureofapowerrectifieror
power
transformer(includingapowerrectifiertransformer)exceedsapredeterminedvalue.

50. INSTANTANEOUS OVERCURRENT OR RATE OFRISE RELAY


isarelaythatfunctionsinstantaneouslyonanexcessivevalueofcurrentoronanexcessiverateof
currentrise,thusindicatingafaultintheapparatusorcircuitbeingprotected.
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51. AC TIME OVERCURRENT RELAY


isarelaywitheitheradefiniteorinversetimecharacteristicthatfunctionswhenthecurrentinanac
circuitexceedapredeterminedvalue.

52. AC CIRCUIT BREAKER


isadevicethatisusedtocloseandinterruptanacpowercircuitundernormalconditionsorto
interruptthiscircuitunderfaultofemergencyconditions.

53. EXCITER OR DC GENERATOR RELAY


isarelaythatforcesthedcmachinefieldexcitationtobuildupduringstartingorwhichfunctions
whenthemachinevoltagehasbeenbuiltuptoagivenvalue.

54. HIGHSPEED DC CIRCUIT BREAKER


isacircuitbreakerwhichstartstoreducethecurrentinthemaincircuitin0.01secondorless,after
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theoccurrenceofthedcovercurrentortheexcessiverateofcurrentrise.

55. POWER FACTOR RELAY


isarelaythatoperateswhenthepowerfactorinanaccircuitrisesaboveorfallsbelowa
predeterminedvalue.
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56. FIELD APPLICATION RELAY


isarelaythatautomaticallycontrolstheapplicationofthefieldexcitationtoanacmotoratsome
predeterminedpointintheslipcycle.

57. SHORTCIRCUITING OR GROUNDING DEVICE


isaprimarycircuitswitchingdevicethatfunctionstoshortcircuitortogroundacircuitinresponseto
automaticormanualmeans.

58. RECTIFICATION FAILURE RELAY


isadevicethatfunctionsifoneormoteanodesofapowerrectifierfailtofire,ortodetectandarc
backoronfailureofadiodetoconductorlockproperly.

59. OVERVOLTAGE RELAY


isarelaythatfunctionsonagivenvalueofovervoltage.

60. VOLTAGE OR CURRENT BALANCE RELAY


isarelaythatoperatesonagivendifferenceinvoltage,orcurrentinputoroutput,ortwocircuits.
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61. RESERVED FOR FUTURE APPLICATION.


62. TIMEDELAY STOPPING OR OPENING RELAY
isatimedelayrelaythatservesinconjunctionwiththedevicethatinitiatestheshutdown,stopping,or
openingoperationinanautomaticsequenceorprotectiverelaysystem.

63. LIQUID OR GAS PRESSURE OR VACUUM RELAY


isarelaythatoperatesongivenvaluesofliquidorgaspressureorongivenratesofchangeofthese
values.

64. GROUND PROTECTIVE RELAY


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isarelaythatfunctionsonfailureoftheinsulationofamachine,transformer,orofotherapparatusto
ground,oronflashoverofadcmachinetoground.

Note:Thisfunctionisassignedonlytoarelaythatdetectstheflowofcurrentfromtheframeof
amachineorenclosingcaseorstructureofpieceofapparatustoground,ordetectsaground
onanormallyungroundedwindingorcircuit.Itisnotappliedtoadeviceconnectedinthe
secondarycircuitofcurrenttransformer,inthesecondaryneutralofcurrenttransformers,
connectedinthepowercircuitofanormallygroundedsystem.

65. GOVERNOR
istheassemblyoffluid,electrical,ormechanicalcontrolequipmentusedforregulatingtheflowof
water,steam,orothermediumtotheprimemoverforsuchpurposesastarting,holdingspeedor
load,orstopping.
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66. NOTCHING OR JOGGING DEVICE


isadevicethatfunctionstoallowonlyaspecifiednumberofoperationsofagivendeviceor
equipment,oraspecifiednumberofsuccessiveoperationswithinagiventimeofeachother.Itisalso
adevicethatfunctionstoenergizeacircuitperiodicallyorforfractionsofspecifiedtimeintervals,or
thatisusedtopermitintermittentaccelerationorjoggingofamachineatlowspeedsformechanical
positioning.

67. AC DIRECTIONAL OVERCURRENT RELAY


isarelaythatfunctionsonadesiredvalueofacovercurrentflowinginapredetermineddirection.

68. BLOCKING RELAY


isarelaythatinitiatesapilotsignalforblockingoftrippingonexternalfaultsinatransmissionlineor
inotherapparatusunderpredeterminedcondition,orcooperateswithotherdevicestoblocktrippingor
toblockreclosingonanoutofstepconditionoronpowersavings.

69. PERMISSIVE CONTROL DEVICE


isgenerallyatwoposition,manuallyoperatedswitchthat,inoneposition,permitstheclosingofa
circuitbreaker,ortheplacingofanequipmentintooperation,anintheotherpositionpreventsthe
circuitbreakerortheequipmentfrombeingoperated.

70. RHEOSTAT
isavariableresistancedeviceusedinanelectriccircuit,whichiselectricallyoperatedorhasother
electricalaccessories,suchaauxiliary,position,orlimitswitches.
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71. LIQUID OR GASLEVEL RELAY


isarelaythatoperatesongivenvaluesofliquidorgaslevelorongivenratesofchangeofthese
values.

72. DC CIRCUIT BREAKER


isacircuitbreakerthatisusedtocloseandinterruptadcpowercircuitundernormalconditionsorto
interruptthiscircuitunderfaultoremergencyconditions.

73. LOADRESISTOR CONTACTOR


isacontactorthatisusedtoshuntorinsertastepofloadlimiting,shifting,orindicatingresistancein
apowercircuit,ortoswitchaspaceheaterincircuit,ortoswitchalightorregenerativeloadresistor,
apowerrectifier,orothermachineinandoutofcircuit.

74. ALARM RELAY


isarelayotherthananannunciator,ascoveredunderdevicefunction30,thatisusedtooperate,or
tooperateinconnectionwith,avisualoraudiblealarm.

75. POSITION CHANGING MECHANISM


isamechanismthatisusedformovingamaindevicefromonepositiontoanotherinanequipment:
asforexample,shiftingaremovablecircuitbreakerunittoandfromtheconnected,disconnected,and
testpositions.
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76. DC OVERCURRENT RELAY


isarelaythatfunctionwhenthecurrentinadccircuitexceedsagivenvalue.

77. PULSE TRANSMITTER


isusedtogenerateandtransmitpulsesoveratelemeteringorpilotwirecircuittotheremote
indicatingorreceivingdevice.

78. PHASEANGLE MEASURING OR OUTOFSTEP PROTECTIVE RELAY


isarelaythatfunctionsatapredeterminedphaseanglebetweentwovoltagesorbetweentwo
currentsorbetweenavoltageandcurrent.

79. AC RECLOSING RELAY


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isarelaythatcontrolstheautomaticreclosingandlockingoutofanaccircuitinterrupter.

80. LIQUID OR GAS FLOW RELAY


isarelaythatoperatesongivenvaluesofliquidorgasfloworongivenratesofchangeofthese
values.
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81. FREQUENCY RELAY


isarelaythatfunctionsonapredeterminedvalueoffrequency(eitherunderoroveroronnormal
systemfrequency)orrateofchangeoffrequency.

82. DC RECLOSING RELAY


isarelaythastcontrolstheautomaticclosingandreclosingofadccircuitinterrupter,generallyin
responsetoloadcircuitconditions.

83. AUTOMATIC SELECTIVE CONTROL OR TRANSFER RELAY


isarelaythatoperatestoselectautomaticallybetweencertainsourcesorconditionsinaequipment,
orperformsatransferoperationautomatically.

84. OPERATING MECHANISM


isthecompleteelectricalmechanismorservomechanism,includingtheoperatingmotor,solenoids,
positionswitches,etc.,foratapchanger,inductionregulator,oranysimilarpieceofapparatuswhich
otherwisehasnodevicefunctionnumber.

85. CARRIER OR PILOTWIRE RECEIVER RELAY


isarelaythatisoperatedorrestrainedbyasignalusedinconnectionwithcarriercurrentordcpilot
wirefaultdirectionalrelaying.
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86. LOCKINGOUT RELAY


isanelectricallyoperatedhand,orelectricallyresetrelayordevicethatfunctionstoshutdownorhold
anequipmentoutofservice,orboth,upontheoccurrenceofabnormalconditions.

87. DIFFERENTIAL PROTECTIVE RELAY


isaprotectiverelaythatfunctionsonapercentageorphaseangleorotherquantitativedifferenceof
twocurrentsorofsomeotherelectricalquantities.

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88. AUXILIARY MOTOR OR MOTOR GENERATOR


isoneusedforoperatingauxiliaryequipment,suchaspumps,blowers,exciters,rotatingmagnetic
amplifiers,etc.

89. LINE SWITCH


isaswitchusedasadisconnecting,loadinterrupter,orisolatingswitchinanacordcpowercircuit,
whenthisdeviceiselectricallyoperatedorhaselectricalaccessories,suchasanauxiliaryswitch,
magneticlock,etc.

90. REGULATING DEVICE


isadevicethatfunctionstoregulateaquantity,orquantities,suchasvoltage,currentpower,speed,
frequency,temperature,andloadatacertainvalueorbetweencertain(generallyclose)limitsfor
machines,tielines,orotherapparatus.
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91. VOLTAGE DIRECTIONAL RELAY


isadevicewhichoperateswhenthevoltageacrossanopencircuitbreakerorcontactorexceedsa
givenvalueinagivendirection.

92. VOLTAGE AND POWER DIRECTIONAL RELAY


isarelaythatpermitsorcausestheconnectionoftwocircuitswhenthevoltagedifferencebetween
themexceedagivenvalueinapredetermineddirectionandcausesthesetwocircuitstobe
disconnectedfromeachotherwhenthepowerflowingbetweenthemexceedsagivenvalueinthe
oppositedirection.

93. FIELDCHANGING CONTACTOR


isacontactorthatfunctionstoincreaseordecrease,inonestep,thevalueoffieldexcitationona
machine.

94. TRIPPING OR TRIPFREE RELAY


isarelaythatfunctiontotripacircuitbreaker,contactororequipment,ortopermitimmediatetripping
byotherdevicesortopreventimmediatereclosureofacircuitinterrupterifitshouldopen
automaticallyeventhoughitsclosingcircuitismaintainedclosed.

95.* (USBR ASSIGNED CLOSING RELAY OR CONTACTOR)


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96.*
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97.*
98.* (USBR ASSIGNED LOSS OF EXCITATION RELAY)
99.* (USBR ASSIGNED ARC DETECTOR)

*Usedonlyforspecificapplicationsinindividualinstallationswherenoneoftheassigned
numberedfunctions
from1to94aresuitable.

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AuxiliaryDevices
Theselettersdenoteseparateauxiliarydevices,suchas:

CClosingRelayorContactor
CLAuxiliaryRelay,Closed(energizedwhenmaindeviceisinclosedposition).
CSControlSwitch
DDownPositionSwitchorRelay
LLoweringRelay
1.OpeningRelay
OPAuxiliaryRelay,Open(energizedwhenmaindeviceisinopenposition).
PBPushButton
RRaisingRelay
UUpPositionSwitchorRelay
XAuxiliaryRelay
YAuxiliaryRelay
ZAuxiliaryRelay

Note:InthecontrolofacircuitbreakerwithanXYRelayControlScheme,theXrelayisthe
devicewhosemaincontactsareusedtoenergizedtheclosingcoilorthedevicewhichinsome
othermanner,suchasbythereleaseofstoredenergy,causesthebreakertoclose.The
contactsoftheYrelayprovidetheantipumpfeatureforthecircuitbreaker.

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