EMAM HOSSAN

United International University

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Origin of the report :

As a business student it is really

important for us to know community norms and
values. We know community behavior and culture are
important to start new business. Analyses “basic
concept of community” is help to determine business
policy.

Purpose:

The purpose of preparing this report is to identify

community norms and values. We are also interested
to know—
1. Why should educators be concerned with
community?
2. How can community develop?
3. What is community sense?

Scope:

We have got access to the information which is

most relevant for this report. We have prepared a
report that can help us to get ideas about the above
questions of community.

Limitation:

While preparing this report, we have faced some

problems. Such as—

Time limitation:

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 We have got only 9 days for preparing this report
with all other activities. This time is not enough to
prepare a report.

Data limitation:

We have prepared this report based on

books, articles and internet. In this report, the ancient
community concept is not available which was
necessary for this report. Besides, we could not collect
any information from the real world.

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 Community

In biological terms, a community is a group of interacting organisms

sharing an emvironment. The word community is derived from the latin
communitas, which is in turn derived from communis, which means
"common, public, shared by all or many.” Communis comes from a
combination of the Latin prefix com- which means "together" and the
word munis which has to do with performing services.

Community is a group of people who interact and share certain things

as a group.

Defination
“Community is a social group with some degree of we-feeling and living
in a given area”.

Bogardus

“Community is the small territorial group that oan embra ce all aspects
of social life”.

Kingsley Davis

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 “Community is an area of social living marked by some degree of social
coherence”.

R.M. Maclver

“community is any circle of people who live together and belong

together in such a way that they do not share this or that particular
interest only, but a whole set of interest”.

Manheim

Types of Community

Community

Geographic Global Abstract Associative Cooperative

& Community Community Community
Physical

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 Geographic and physical communities
Human geography, who people are and where they live.

European Community

Founded on March 25, 1957 by the signing of the Treaty of Rome.

Community Council

Tier of local government in Wales and Scotland.

Autonomous Communities of Spain

Spain's fifty provinces are grouped into seventeen autonomous

communities.

Communities, regions and language areas of Belgium

Local Community

A town, city, neighborhood, rural area, or any locale and everyone in it.

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Unincorporated community

A geographic area having a common social identity.

Residential Community

A community, usually a small town or city that is composed mostly of

residents.

Intentional Community

A planned residential community, usually of people that share personal

and cultural values.

Co housing communities, a kind of intentional community

composed of private homes centered around a common house and other
common facilities.

Ecovillage, a kind of intentional community formed with social,

economic, and ecological sustainability as its goal.

Commune (intentional community), a kind of intentional

community where most resources are shared and there is little or no
personal property (as opposed to communities that only share housing).

Monastery, a community of usually monks practicing a religious

discipline.

Convent, a community of clergy particularly in the Roman

Catholic Church and, to a lesser degree, in the Anglican Church.

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 World Brotherhood Colonies, idea for spiritual based intentional
communities based on shared spiritual principles, begun by
Paramahansa Yogananda.

Global Community

World community

The global aspects of community from the perspective of

governance and the humanities.

International Community

The global aspects of community from the perspective of

governance and the humanities.

Global village

The global aspects of community from the perspective of

telecommunications.

Ideational or Abstract Communities

Business Community

The total body of business peoples its relationships and

interactions.

Religious Community

The total body of religious peoples its relationships and

interactions.

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Scientific community

The total body of scientists, its relationships and interactions.

Epistemic Community

Those who accept one version of a story.

Discourse Community

Used in linguistics to describe the users of a particular style of

language.

Moral Community

A group of people drawn together by a common interest in living

according to a particular moral philosophy.

Voluntary Association

A group of individuals who voluntarily enter into an agreement to

accomplish a purpose.

Cooperative

A group of persons who join together (co-operate) to carry on an

economic activity of mutual benefit.

Associative communities
Community of...

Action, a group of people organized to support a cause or bring

about social change.

Circumstance, a group of people bound together because of

circumstances usually beyond their control.

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 Interest, a group of people who share a common interest or
passion.

Place, a group of people bound together because of where they

spend a continuous portion of their time.

Position, a group of people who share a particular station in life

(such as teenage years, marriage, parenthood, etc.).

Practice, a group of people who choose to collaborate over an

extended period to share ideas, find solutions, and build innovations.

Purpose, a group of people who are going through the same

process or are trying to achieve a similar objective.

Cooperatives
Housing Cooperative, a legal entity that owns real estate, usually
one or more residential buildings.

Retailers' Cooperative, a network of retailers which employs

economies of scale to get discounts from manufacturers and to pool
marketing.

Consumers' Cooperative, a type of cooperative which employs

economies of scale to get discounts from distributors.

Utility Cooperative, a public utility such as electric, water or

telecommunications owned by its members.

Worker Cooperative, a type of business entity owned in part or

exclusively by its workers.

Other
Affinity Group, is a small group of activists (usually from 3-20)
who work together on direct action.

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 Intentional Community, a planned residential community with a
much higher degree of social interaction than other communities.

Learning Community, a cohort-based, interdisciplinary approach

to higher education covering distinct fields of study.

Virtual Community

Web Community

Online Communities
Craig list: A centralized network of online urban communities,
featuring free classified advertisements (with jobs, housing, personals,
for sale/barter/wanted, services, community, gigs and resumes
categories) and forums sorted by various topics.

Basic community concepts, movements and schools of

thought
Sense of community, a look from the psychological perspective at
how and why communities form and why people join them.

Scientific Community, Metaphor, an approach in computer science

to understanding and performing scientific communities.

Community politics, a movement in British politics to re-engage

people with political action on a local level.

Imagined communities, a concept that nations are socially

constructed by the imaginations of people.

Internationalism (politics), a political movement which advocates

cooperation between nations for the benefit of all.

Communitarianism, a group of related but distinct philosophies

advocating phenomena such as civil society.

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 Consensus decision-making, inclusive decision-making processes
that accommodate even the minority.

Meritocracy, a form of government based on rule by ability

(merit) rather than by wealth or other determinants of social position.

Interpersonal relationship, a connection, affiliation or association

between two or more people.

Social capital, a concept with a variety of inter-related definitions,

based on the economic value of social networks.

Communitas, a Latin noun for the spirit of community having

significance in cultural anthropology and the social sciences.

Community television, television stations that are owned and

operated by communities rather than governments or corporations.

Gemeinschaft and Gesellschaft, terms introduced by German

sociologist Ferdinand Townies to distinguish community from society
Group dynamics, the field of study within the social sciences that
focuses on the nature of groups.

Small-group communication, communication in a context that

mixes interpersonal communication interactions with social clustering.

Socialization, the process by which people learn to adopt the

behavior patterns of the community in which they live.

Collectivism, a school of thought, antithetical to Individualism, in

which the collective takes precedence over the individual.

Organizational learning, an area of knowledge that looks at how

an organization learns and adapts.

Affinity (sociology), in terms of sociology, refers to "kinship of

spirit", interest and other interpersonal commonalities.

Cenobitic, a monastic tradition that stresses community life as

opposed to eremitic — like a hermit.

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 Collective, a group of people who share common interests,
working together to achieve a common objective.

Consanguinity, the quality of being descended from the same

ancestor as another person.

Emergence, complex pattern formation from simpler rules.

Group (sociology), a collection of people who share characteristics,

interact and have a common identity.

Liminality, a period of transition related to initiation, rite of

passage or other entry into a group.

Meeting, two or more people coming together to have discussions

or produce a predetermined output, often in a formalized way.

Organization, a formal group of people with one or more shared

goals.

Plenary session, the part of a meeting when all members of all

parties are in attendance.

Solidarity (sociology), the feeling or condition of unity based on

common goals, interests, and sympathies among a group's members.

Community Development

Community development refers to efforts to improve communities:

Community organizing, a process by which people are brought

together to act in common self-interest.

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 Community building often refers to the more informal (or
intangible) aspects of community development.

Community economic development refers to efforts to improve the

material aspects of local communities.

Community practice, a type of social work practice that focuses on

community level interventions.

Community service, service (voluntary or compulsory) that a

person performs for the benefit of his or her local community.

Virtual community concepts

Category: Internet culture

Virtual community, a group of people communicating with each other

by means of information technologies:

 Bulletin board system

 Chat room, an online site in which people can chat online (talk by
broadcasting messages to people on the same site in real time)
 Computer-mediated communication
 Discourse community
 Electronic mailing list, a special usage of e-mail that allows for
widespread distribution of information to many Internet users
 Internet activism
 Internet forum
 Internet social network
 Massively distributed collaboration
 Motivations for Contributing to Online Communities
 Massively Multiplayer Online Role-playing Games
 Network of practice
 Online deliberation
 Social network
 Social evolutionary computation
 The Virtual Community

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 Usenet, a distributed Internet discussion system that evolved from
a general purpose UUCP network of the same name
 Virtual Community of Practice
 Virtual Ethnography
 Virtual reality
 Web community
 Web of trust
 Wireless community projects, the development of interlinked
computer networks
 World Wide Web, a global, read-write information space

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 The Ending Summary

After conducting our data we have reached the

following conclusion:

A community is a territorial group. It always

occupies some geographical area. Locality is the
physical basis of community. The physical factor such
as fertile soil, minerals, forests, weather climate etc.
are included in the locality.

Conclusion

From our report on “basic concept of community”

we try to find out sense of community, community
development, community types and identity.

There can be no vulnerability without risk; there

can be no community without vulnerability; there can
be no peace, and ultimately no life, without
community

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 Recommendation
The recommendations of our report are as follows:-
→ Community change their behavior rationally or
irrationally.

→ Community can change custom in any event.

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The data we used in this report was collected from the
below sources:

 We have collected much information from the

book
“Principles of sociology” – C. N. Shankar Rao .

 The websites we visited were-

www.google.com
www.yahoo.com
www.gmail.com

 Besides this we have collected data from the

below books-

We were helped a lot from our family.

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