Chapter 11

Late Middle Ages

Quiz

Name:
Period:
Date:

1) Among the adverse economic and population changes in fourteenth century Europe was
a) Shrinking peasant land holdings below the size needed to support a family
b) An exodus of residents from overpopulated rural areas
c) Rapidly rising numbers of poor people in cities
d) All of the Above
e) A & C
2) What was the main cause of the early fourteenth century famines?
a) A blight that struck the wheat crop
b) A lack of knowledge of scientific agriculture
c) Droughts throughout most of Europe
d) A little ice age inducing bad weather with heavy rains
e) Urban pollution that spread into nearby farming regions
3) The Black Death was most devastating in
a) Italy
b) Germany
c) Eastern Europe
d) Scandinavia
e) Poland
4) The Black Death
a) Was one of the many European plagues that inflicted Europe from the eight century
onward
b) Started in northern Europe and moved southward to Italy
c) Recurred in severe outbreaks for centuries
d) Never reached England
e) Was restricted to Christian Europe, with the Arabic Middle East escaping from most of the
devastation
5) All of the following were reactions to the great plague except
a) An increase in violence and murder due to a sense of lifes cheapness
b) The formation of groups like the flagellants, who physically maimed themselves to save
the world
c) A reduction in the persecution of religious minorities because of the displeasure it caused
God
d) Morbidity and preoccupation with death in everyday life
e) Economic depression
6) The persecution against Jews during the Black Death
a) Were instigated at the calling of the Catholic church
b) Led to the execution of nearly all of the Jews in eastern Europe
c) Was the result of the decline in popular religious movements and manifestations
d) Had little to do with financial motives
e) Reached their worst excesses in German cities
7) Economically, the great plague and the crises of the fourteenth century
a) Devastated peasants but not nobles
b) Brought an economic boom to landlords
c) Caused only minor changes in agricultural practices

d) Raised wages because of a scarcity of labor

e) Had little impact
8) The European aristocracy responded to the adversity of the great plague by
a) Seeking to lower wages by legal means, especially for farm laborers
b) Producing only the most basic foodstuffs, such as grain
c) Petitioning kings to order the relocation of laborers
d) Forming agricultural cooperatives linking landowners, laborers, and city consumers
e) Investing in trade and commerce rather than agricultural production
9) Post-plague socioeconomic relations between rich and poor in Europe
a) Improved noticeably as Christians sought to make peace with one another to please an
angry God
b) Quickly resumed their pre-plague character
c) Suffered as richer nobles rebuffed the sincere efforts of peasants to maintain the manorial
system
d) Improved radically as the economy entered into a period of sustained prosperity
e) Got much worse as materially threatened nobles began to regard wealthier peasants and
their new-found desires meat and wine with utter contempt
10)
A key economic consequence of the plague was
a) The rapid expansion of European civic banking to rebuild industry
b) A decline in manorialism and weakening of feudalism as noble landlords desperate for
cash converted peasant labor service to market rents freeing their serfs
c) The more frequent bankruptcy of monarchs as they emptied their treasuries trying to
provide poor relief
d) The very slow enrichment of middling peasant laborers who began to dominate rural
communities
e) A long-term trend to abandon cities for the more secure rural environment
11)
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)

The Jaquerie refers to

A revolt of the peasants in England in 1381
Elite French troops
The lowest estate in Frances Estates General
A group of French advisors to the king.
A peasants revolt in France in 1358

12)
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)

The English Peasants Revolt of 1381

Was caused by the rising economic expectations of ordinary people
Was brutally crushed by the nobles
Succeeded in getting he government to agree to the peasants demands
Gained long-term results for the peasants
Led to the end of the Hundred Years War

13)
Merchants and manufacturers responded to the economic tribulations of the fourteenth
century by
a) Increasing their prices
b) Restricting competition and resisting the demands of the lower classes
c) Blaming the Jews and persecuting them
d) Pressuring the government to raise the prices of their products
e) Adopting laissez-faire policies
14)
a)
b)
c)

The immediate cause of the Hundred Years War between France and England grew out of
A strong personalities of Hugh Capet and Edward I
The dispute over the duchy of Gascony
Economic problems and revolts in Portugal

d) French ambitions to seize the English crown

e) The impact of the Black Death
15)
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)

The progress of the Hundred Years War was characterized by

Early French successes
A steady return to feudal-style armies
A brief but successful invasion of England by a small French army
The English political subjugation of much of France
English use of peasant soldiers and the longbow

16)
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)

In the conduct of the Hundred Years War, a sure sign of feudalisms decline was the
Inability of feuding kings to raise armies of knights
Reliance of kings on artillery as the main component of royal armies
Decisive role of peasant foot soldiers rather than mounted knights
Clear intention of kings to destroy the estates of their own vassals
Use of heavier and larger horses

17)
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)

During the reign of Edward III of England, the Great Council of the barons
Became the chief advisory body of the king
Relinquished most of its main powers
Became the House of Lords forming a hereditary body of peers in Parliament
Became subservient to the House of Commons
Was abolished in favor of a unitary parliament

18)
a)
b)
c)
d)

England under the reign of Edward III witnessed he

Temporary demise of Parliament
House of Commons dominating the House of Lords in Parliament
House of Lords dominating the House of Commons in Parliament
Crowns acceptance of Parliaments right to approve royal taxation and to inspect
government accounts
e) Defeat of the Yorkists in the War of the Roses

19)
Politically, France by the end of the fourteenth century saw
a) The dominance of the Estates-General in determining government policy and
administering taxes
b) No new forms of government revenue due to royal opposition
c) Chaos and civil war as rival noble factions fought for the control of the realm
d) New rights of political participation in the Parliament of Paris for poor townspeople
e) Strongly unified as a result of the leadership of Joan of Arc
20)
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)

Prior to the Golden Bull of 1356, Germany was a land composed of

A four kingdoms of Bavaria, Prussia, Hanover, and Austria
The papal states and several baronies
Hundreds of virtually independent states
A and B
All of the above

21)
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)

Politically, Italy and Germany were similar in the fourteenth century because
The plague had equally both regions
Both regions failed to develop a centralized monarchical state
Local nobles and town governments lost much influence over reigning kings
Mercenary captains usurped royal authority and ruled violently
Both had begun to develop industrial economies

22)
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)

The Italian condottieri were

Political leaders supporting the pope
Bankers with branch banks throughout much of Western Europe
Merchants working in northern Europe
Reformers within the Catholic Church
Leaders of mercenary bands, occasionally ruling as military dictators

23)
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)

The chief ambition of the Venetian city=state in the fourteenth century was
Financial control of the Holy Roman Empire
Inducing the bankruptcy of the papacy
To create a maritime commercial empire throughout the Mediterranean and Black seas
Monopolizing the shipping of English wool to Flanders
To wage a crusade against the Turks in order to gain access to the Holy Land

24)
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)

In Venice, ultimate governmental executive power was held by the

Doge
Duce
Great Council
Council of Ten
Poplo grandi

25)
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)

Pope Boniface VIII

Reassured papal supremacy with great success in the fourteenth century
Renounced his claims to full temporal authority in Unam Sanctam
Came into conflict with Edward I of England over the issue of taxing the clergy
Died in 1305 after his captivity at the hands of Philip IV of France
Was one of the most popular and successful popes in eh history of the church

26)
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)

The papacy at Avignon

Witnessed the creation of a specialized church bureaucracy
Gained the church much prestige
Suffered due to a lack of incoming revenue
Remained there long into the sixteenth century
Resulted from the sack of Rome by Charles V

27)
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)

One overall result of the Great Schism was to

Put an end to the churchs previous financial abuses
Badly damaged the faith of many Christian believers
Rejuvenate Christianity as it had been on the decline throughout Europe
End the abuse of pluralism
Reinforce the faith of true rather than false Christians

28)
a)
b)
c)
d)

The Great Schism is known as that period in the history of the Catholic Church marked by
The creation and feuding of multiple popes
The rise of new and powerful heretical movements
The division of Christendom over the question of toleration for Jews
Disagreements among Christian theologians over the justice of killing those condemned
for witchcraft
e) The forced movement of the papacy from Rome to Avignon

29)
a)
b)
c)

The chief accomplishment of the Council of Constance (1414-1418) was to

Set the earliest conditions for ending the Great Schism
Order the sack of Rome by French forces
End the Great Schism by forcing the resignation or deposing all existing popes and paving
the way for election of only one new pope
d) To support biblical scholarship revealing clear support in scripture for multiple popes
e) To permanently reduce the power of the papacy

30)
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)

Mysticism in the fourteenth century

Was especially advocated by the nominalist school of William of Occam
Particularly took hold in France and Spain
Emphasized an intensely personal feeling of oneness with God
Was fully endorsed and carefully controlled by the church
Abandoned orthodox Christianity for heterodox pantheism

31)
The fifteenth century theologian who claimed that reason could not prove spiritual truth
was
a) Aquinas
b) Abelard
c) Magnus
d) Occam
e) Echkart
32)
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)

What was Boccaccios most famous work?

The Divine Comedy
The Sonnets
The Prince
Spiritual Exercises
The Decameron

33)
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)

Dantes Divine Comedy

Is considered a synthesis of medieval Christian thought
Was one of the last fourteenth-century works to be written in Latin
Lashed out at the barbarity of the classical tradition
Attacked the science of Aristotle, the Holy Roman Emperor, and the Catholic church
Was the greatest prose work of the early Renaissance

34)
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)

Ars moriendi refers to the

Claim of victory in the medieval warfare
Art of dying
Peasants dues paid to the manor lord
Collective regulations of urban craft guilds
Tithe paid to the church

35)
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)

All of the following are correct about Petrarch except he

Was a Florentine
Wrote in the vernacular
Wrote sonnets in Latin
Perfected the sonnet form
Wrote love poems o Laura

36)
Among the great and influential female religious mystics of the fourteenth century was
a) St. Ingrid of bohemia

b)
c)
d)
e)

Julia of Canterbury
Judith of Vienna
Isabella of Ravenna
Catherine of Siena

37)
a)
b)
c)

Changed urban attitudes in the fourteenth century included

The promotion of equality between men and women in the workplace
Later marriages and increases in the number of extended families
Children being seen as valuable only in their capacity to work and earn money for the
family
d) The regulation and acceptance of prostitution in most communities
e) The abolition of any property requirement for voting and political participation

38)
a)
b)
c)
d)

Concerning parent-child relationships in the Middle Ages

Parents were mostly indifferent toward their children, who often died while very young
Parents lavished considerable attention and affection on their offspring
Children were increasingly given over to be raised by strict church tutors
Children often married very young due to parental pressures to establish their own
families quickly
e) Because of the number of deaths in the Black Death, children were seen as special and
unique and were thus raised in a permissive environment

39)
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)

The most revolutionary of thirteenth and fourteenth-century inventions was/were

The printing press
Paper
Eyeglasses
Clocks
Telescope

40)
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)

Women benefitted from the black death because

They were able to find refuge in nunneries
They were immune because of herbs taken in conjunction with pregnancy
Of social custom they were isolated, being restricted to their houses
There were new employment opportunities
Women always lived longer than men