12.1 A rocket is launched vertically at time t = 0.

The elevation of the rocket is given by

y = 0.13t4 + 4.1t3 + 0.12t2 m
where t is in seconds. Determine the maximum velocity of the rocket and the elevation at which it
occurs.

12.2 When an object is tossed vertically upward on the surface of a planet, the ensuing motion in the
absence of atmospheric resistance can be described by

1 2
g Vo f
2

where g and v0 are constants. (a) Derive the expressions for the velocity and acceleration of the object.
Use the results to show that v0 is the initial speed of the body and that g represents the gravitational
acceleration. (b) Derive the maximum height reached by the object and the total time of flight. (c)
Evaluate the results of Part (b) for v0 = 90 km/h and g = 9.8m/s2 (surface of the earth).

12.3 The position of a particle moving along the x-axis is described by

x = t 3 108t m
where t is the time in seconds. For the time interval t = 0 to t = 10 s, (a) plot the position, velocity, and
acceleration as functions of time; (b) find the displacement of the particle; and (c) determine the
distance traveled by the particle.

12.4 The position of a particle that moves along the x-axis is given by
x = t3 3t2 45t m
where t is the time in seconds. Determine the position, velocity, acceleration, and distance traveled at t
= 8 s.

12.5 The position of a car moving on a straight highway is given by

x t2

t3
m
90

where t is the time in seconds. Determine (a) the distance traveled by the car before it comes to a stop;
and (b) the maximum velocity reached by the car.

12.6 A body is released from rest at A and allowed to fall freely. Including the effects of air resistance,
the position of the body as a function of the elapsed time is

x vo (t to to e t / to )

where v0 and t0 are constants. (a)

Derive the expression for the speed v of the body. Use the result to explain why v0 is called the
terminal velocity. (b) Derive the expressions for the acceleration a of the body as a function of t and as
a
function of v.

12.7 A bead moves along a straight 60-mm wire that lies along the x-axis. The position of the bead is
given by
x = 2t2 10t mm
where x is measured from the center of the wire, and t is the time in seconds. Determine (a) the time
when the bead leaves the wire; and (b) the distance traveled by the bead from t = 0 until it leaves the
wire.

12.8 A particle moves along the curve x2 = 12y, where x and y are measured in millimeters. The xcoordinate varies with time according to
x = 4t 2 2 mm
where the time t is in seconds. Determine the magnitudes of the velocity and acceleration vectors
when
t = 2 s.

12.9 The circular cam of radius R and eccentricity R/2 rotates clockwise with a constant angular speed
. The resulting vertical motion of the flat follower A can be shown to be

1
x R (1 cost )
2

(a) Obtain the velocity and acceleration of the follower as a function of t. (b) If were doubled, how
would the maximum velocity and maximum acceleration of the follower be changed?

12.10 The elevator A is lowered by a cable that runs over pulley B. If the cable unwinds from the
winch C at the constant speed v0, the motion of the elevator is
Determine the velocity and acceleration
of the elevator in terms of the time t.

x (vot b) 2 b 2

12.11 A missile is launched from the surface of a planet with the speed v0 at t = 0. According to the
theory of universal gravitation, the speed v of the missile after launch is given by

where g is the gravitational acceleration on the surface of the planet and r0 is the mean radius of the
planet. (a) Determine the acceleration of the missile in terms of r. (b) Find the escape velocity, that is,
the minimum value of v0 for which the missile will not return to the planet. (c) Using the result of Part
(b), calculate the escape velocity for earth, where g = 9.8 m/s2 and r0 = 6400 km

12.12 The coordinates of a particle undergoing plane motion are

x = 15 2t2 m
y = 15 10t + t2 m
where t is the time in seconds. Find the velocity and acceleration vectors at (a) t = 0 s; and
(b) t = 5 s

12.13 A projectile fired at O follows a parabolic trajectory, given in parametric form by

x = 66t y= 86t 4.91t2
where x and y are measured in meters and t in seconds. Determine (a) the acceleration
vector throughout the flight; (b) the velocity vector at O; (c) the maximum height h; and
(d) the range L.

12.14 An automobile goes down a hill that has the parabolic cross section
shown. Assuming that the horizontal component of the velocity vector has a
constant magnitude v0, determine (a) the expression for the speed of the
automobile in terms of x; and (b) the magnitude and direction of the acceleration.

12.15 The position of a particle in plane motion is defined by

x = a cos t y= b sin t
where a >b, and is a constant. (a) Show that the path of the particle is an ellipse. (b) Prove that the
acceleration vector is always directed toward the center of the ellipse.

12.16 When a taut string is unwound from a stationary cylinder, the end B of the string
generates a curve known as the involute of a circle. If the string is unwound at the constant
angular speed , the equation of the involute is
x = R cos t + Rt sin t
y= R sin t Rt cos t
where R is the radius of the cylinder. Find the speed of B as a function of time. Show that the
velocity vector is always perpendicular to the string

12.17 When a wheel of radius R rolls with a constant angular velocity , the
point B on the circumference of the wheel traces out a curve known as a
cycloid,
the equation of which is
x = R(t sin t) y = R(1 cos t)
(a) Show that the velocity vector of B is always perpendicular to BC. (b) Show
that the acceleration vector of B is directed along BG.

12.89 The volleyball player serves the ball at point A with the speed v o at the angle =
70o. What is the largest vo for which the ball will not hit the ceiling.

12.90 A projectile is launched at A with the velocity v o= 20m/s at the angle = 650. Find
the height h of the impact point B on the vertical wall. Neglect air resistance.

12.91 A missile is launched horizontally at A with the speed v o= 200m/s. Knowing that
the range of the missile is R=1400m, calculate the launch height h and the time of flight.

12.92 A projectile is launched horizontally at A with the speed of v o. The time of flight is
10s, and the path of the projectile at B is inclined at 20 o with the horizontal. Determine
vo, the range R, and the launch height h. use the US customary units.

12.93 A projectile is fired horizontally at 100m/s down the inclined plane. Draw the
acceleration, velocity, and the position diagrams. Use the diagram to determine the
maximum height h perpendicular to the plane, the range R along the plane and the time
of flight. Neglect air resistance.

12.94 A projectile is launched at an elevated target with initial speed v o= 220m/s in the
direction shown. Determine the time of flight and the range R.

12.95 A car is initially at rest accelerates along a straight, level road according to the
diagram shown. Determine (a) the maximum speed; and (b) the distance traveled by car
when the maximum speed is reached.

12.96 A subway train stops at two stations that are 2 km apart. The maximum
acceleration and deceleration of the train are 6.6m/s 2 and 5.5m/s2, respectively, and the
maximum allowable speed is 90km/h. find the shortest possible time of travel between
the two stations.

12.97 A train is brought to an emergency stop in 16 seconds, the deceleration being

as shown in the diagram, compute the speed of the train before the brakes were applied
and the stopping distance.

12.98 An airplane lands on a level runway at the speed of 40m/s. for the first three
seconds after touchdown, the reverse thrust of the propellers causes a deceleration of
3.2m/s2. For the next five seconds, the wheel brakes are applied producing an
additional deceleration of 1.8 m/s2. Then the reverse thrusters are shutdown, and the
plane is brought to a stop with only the wheel brakes. Draw the acceleration, velocity,
and position diagrams. How far does the airplane travel on the runway before it comes
to a stop?