1

HINTS & SOLUTIONS

PHYSICS
1.

(b) Here, x = 4sin(2 t)

...(i)
y = 4cos(2 t)
...(ii)
Squaring and adding equation (i) and (ii)
x2 + y2 = 42 R = 4
Motion of the particle is circular motion, acceleration

vector is along R and its magnitude =

V
R

Velocity of particle, V = R = (2 ) (4) = 8

2.
3.

(d) Energy of x-ray is (100 ev to 100 kev)

Hence energy of the order of 15 kev belongs to x-rays.
(c) For total internal reflection, incident angle (i) > critical
angle (ic)

So phase difference, =
6.

= radian

mv 2
R
2m(kE)
qB

(c) As we know, F = qvB =

R=

mV 2
qB

Since R is same so, KE

Therefore KE of particle
i=45

q2
m

2
q2
=
= 1 MeV
m
4
(d) From circuit diagram

7.

45

20

So, sin i > sin ic

sin 45 >

>

1.414

A
480

Since refractive index of green and voilet are greater

than 1.414 so they will total internal reflected. But red
colour will be refracted.
4.

(d)

For collision V B/A should be along B

So,

V 2 V1
V2 V1

40.8

A rA/B

E = 30V

480 20
= 19.2 .
480 20
Total resistance R = 40.8 + 19.2 = 60

r1 r2

Resistance of ammeter =

r1 r2

V1

V2

Reading in the ammeter i =

B

A
A

5.

(b) For first minima at P

AP BP =
AP MP =

V
R

30
= 0.5A
40.8 19.2
(a) From question,
Rise in temperature t = 40C

8.

Fractional change in the density

=?
0

2
Coefficient of volume expansion
= 5 104K1
= 0 (1 t)

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2
KEmax = 2.48 2.28 = 0.2 ev

T = (5 104) (40) = 0.02

=
0

9.

(d)

min =

Since area under the curve is maximum for adiabatic

process so, work done (W = PdV) on the gas will be
maximum for adiabatic process

2 9 10 31 0.2 1.6 10 19

25
109
9
= 2.80 109 nm
min =

Adiabatic

Isothermal

h
2m KE max

20
10 34
3

h
=
p

Isobaric

2.8 109 m

12. (d) In figure, two metal wires of identical dimension are

connected in series
V

10.

(a) For series R C circuit, capacitive reactance,

Zc =

1
C

R2

Req =

l
1A

l
leq

l
2A

eq A eq

Xc = 1/c
R

2l
l
=
A
eq A

eq =

V
=
Zc

Vc = iXc =

Vc =

11.

1
C

R2

1
C

R2

i=
f=

1
C

1 2

V 15
=
r 0.45
i+

100
3

=0

100
= 6.66 kgm2s2
45
(a) Here, original frequency of sound, f0 = 100 Hz
Speed of source Vs = 19.4 cos 60 = 9.7

= (I) ( ) = 3

If we fill a di-electric material like mica instead of air

then capacitance C
Vc
So, Va > Vb
(b) Given : work function of metal = 2.28 eV
Wavelength of light = 500 nm = 500 109m

KEmax =

100
100
+ ( ) (15)
=
3
45
Average torque transmitted by brakes to the wheel

(RC )2 1

hc

1 2

0=

KEmax =

13. (d) Given : speed V = 54 kmh1 = 15 ms1

Moment of inertia, I = 3 kgm2
Time t = 15s

AC Source
Current i =

14.

19.4

6.6 10

34

5 10

3 108
7

60
2.82

O
19.4 cos 60 = 9.7

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3
From Doppler's formula

16.

(c)

V V0
V Vs

f1 = f0

1 2
I
2
Work is minimum when I is minimum.
I is minimum about the centre of mass
So, (m1) (x) = (m2) (L x)
or, m1x = m2L m2x

K.E. =

V 0
V ( 9.7)

f1 = 100

f1 = 100

9.7
V

V 1

m 2L
x= m m
1
2
17.

9.7
= 103Hz
330
Apparent frequency f1 = 103 Hz
1

f1 = 100

Work required to set the rod rotating with angular

velocity 0

(a)

When ball collides with the ground it loses its 50% of

energy

15. (d) Here, M1 = M2 and u2 = 0

u1 = V,

V1 =

V
;
3

V2 = ?
V1=V/3
M1

u2=0

u1=V

M1

M2

M2

KEf
KEi

V2=?

From figure, along x-axis,

M1u1 + M2u2 = M1V1 cos + M2V2 cos
...(i)
Along y-axis
0 = M1V1 sin M2Vs sin
...(ii)
By law of conservation of kinetic energy

Vf
or V
i

2
and u1

V2 =

V
3

or, V2

V2

V
3

V22

u1

V and V1

18.

= V22

8 2
V
9

V2 =

2 2
V
3

2gh

2gh

V0
(d) In an explosion a body breaks up into two pieces of
unequal masses both part will have numerically equal
momentum and lighter part will have more velocity.
U Th + He
P2
P2
KETh =
, KEHe =
2m Th
2m He

V
3
19.

V02

1
2

= 20ms1

V12 V22
2

1
2

or, 4gh = V02

= 90

V2
= V22
9

or V22 =

or,

1
mVf2
2
1
mVi2
2

2gh

1
1
1
1
M1u12
M 2 u 22
M1V12
M 2 V22
2
2
2
2
...(iii)
Putting M1 = M2 and u2 = 0 in equation (i), (ii) and (iii)
we get
+ =

1
2

sinc mHe is less so KEHe will be more.

(b) Current will be induced,
when e comes closer the induced current will be
anticlockwise
when e comes farther induced current will be clockwise

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4
20.

(c) As, we know, in SHM

Maximum acceleration of the particle, = A
Maximum velocity, = A

1
a(4)2
2
a = gsin

k=

T=

21.

2
T

(d) The ratio of slits width =

25. (c)

1
(given)
25

A max
A min

22.

A 22

A1 A 2
A1 A 2
2
A max

Imax
Imin

A 2min

5
1

A1
25
or A
2
1
5 1
5 1
3
2

6
4

electric field is E =
V
i
x

V
j
y

3
2

22

32

(a)

dV
dx
V
k
z

Here

q = CV
24.

(a)

q
2dK

V (3.5 0.5)
=
A
R
100
[ Barrier potential VB = 0.5V]

3
= 30mA
100
27. (c) The gravitational force on the satellite will be aiming
towards the centre of the earth so acceleration of the
satellite will also be aiming towards the centre of the
earth.
28. (d) From Newton's second law for rotational motion,

dL
, if L = constant then
dt
So, = r F = 0
2i 6j 12k

q
2dK

K=

C2 V 2
F=
2dK 0

1 2
at
2

1
= 0.577 0.6
3

= 1

30. (d)

V
potential gradient
L

V iR
E0r l
=
=
L
L
r r1 L

is the electric field due to one plate

Coefficient of static friction,

S = ut +

=0

0
( i 3j 6k)

29. (a) EMF, E = Kl where K =

So, E = Kl =

s = tan 30 =

n 22

(6i 5j 2k)

n12

Force of attraction between the plates,

F = qE
=q

5
27

Solving we get
23.

Re

26. (d) Current I =

9
4

E = (6yi (6x 1 2z)j (2y)k

E (1,1,0)

Re

(a) Potential in a region

V = 6xy y + 2yz
As we know the relation between electric potential and

E =

Re

A12

s = 4m and t = 4s given]

0.9
= 0.5
3

As we know,

I1
I2

A2

a=

For Lyman series, n1 = 1 and n2 = 2, 3, 4...

For Balmer series n1 = 2 and n2 = 3, 4, 5...

I1
25
I2 = 1
I

1
= 0.5 [
2
k(g) cos

4=

E 0 rl
(r r1 )L

Molar mass of the gas = 4g/mol

Speed of sound
V=

RT
m

= 1.6 =

952 =

6
10

3.3 273
4 10

8
5

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CP
Also, = C
V
So, CP =

8
5

8 5
= 8JK1mol1 [CV = 5.0 JK1 given]
5

35.

(a)

36.

(a) From PV = nRT

mv12 2mv 22
or, V12
r
(r / 2)
So, V1 = 2V2 i.e., n = 2

V0 =

MA
So, M
B
37.

W1
Y1

RT

3
2

3
4

(a) Young's modulus Y =

W l
.
A l

W2
Y2
[

A, l, l same for both brass and steel]

R2
.
R 2 (R h)

GM

l, A, l
Y1
Steel

A, l, l
Y2

9.8 6.38 6.38

BMB

and PB

RT
From question,
PA
A MA 2 MA
PB
MB
B MB

4V22

32. (d) Given: Height of the satellite from the earth's surface h
= 0.25 106m
Radius of the earth R = 6.38 106m
Acceleration due to gravity g = 9.8 m/s2
Orbital velocity, V0 = ?
GM
(R h)

A MA

PA =

31. (d) According to question, two stones experience same

centripetal force
i.e. FC1 FC2
or,

Water rises upto the top of capillary tube and stays

there without overflowing.

6.63 106

Brass
GM

= 7.76 km/s

R2

33. (c) In a stretched string all multiples of frequencies can be

obtained i.e., if fundamental frequency is n then higher
frequencies will be 2n, 3n, 4n ...

75 cm

W1
W2

38.

Y1
Y2

[Ysteel/Ybrass = 2 given]

(c) Given : Voltage gain AV = 150

Vi = 2cos 15t

; V0 = ?

For CE transistor phase difference between input and

output signal is = 180
So, the difference between any two successive
frequencies will be 'n'
According to question, n = 420 315
= 105 Hz
So the lowest frequency of the string is
105 Hz.

V0
Using formula, AV = V
i
V0 = AV Vi

= 150 2cos 15t

34. (d) Coefficient of performance,

Cop =

5=

or V0 = 300 cos 15t

T2
T1 T2

273 20
T1 (273 20)

V0 = 300 cos 15t

253
T1 253

5T1 (5 253) = 253

5T1 = 253 + (5 253) = 1518
1518
= 303.6
5
or, T1 = 303.6 273 = 30.6 31C

39.

4
3

(c) Objective lens

Eye-piece

T1 =

d=f0+fe

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6
Magnification by eye piece
f
m=
f u
I
L

fe

fe
[ (f 0 f e )]

fe
I
or,
f0
L

f0
Magnification, M = f
e

40.

(d) Power F.V PAV

t
t
A.B = 0 = cos t.cos 2 + sin t.sin 2

= cos

fe
f0

t
2

t
2

cos

t
t=
2 2
45. (a) Here, number of turns of coil, N = 50
Current through the coil I = 2A
Area A = l b = 0.12 0.1m2

So,

L
I

ghAV

F
and P
gh
A
= 13.6 103 10 150 103 0.5 103/60

Magnetic field B = 0.2 /m2

102
= 1.70 watt
60
(d) Applying dimensional method :
VC = x yrz
[M0LT1] = [ML1T1]x [ML3T0]y [M0LT0]z
Equating powers both sides
x + y = 0; x = 1 x = 1
1 + y = 0 y = 1
x 3y + z = 1
1 3(1) + z = 1
1 + 3 + z = 1
z = 1
(d) Photoelectric equations
hc
hc
Ek1max =
...(i)and Ek2max =
/2
=

41.

42.

EK2max =

2hc

30
60

M
Torque required to keep the coil in stable equilibrium.
M B = MB sin 60
= Ni AB sin 60

= 12 3 10

...(ii)

= 0.20784 Nm

CHEMISTRY
46. (d)

hc

...(iii)

CHCl3 + NaOH

: CCl3 + H 2 O

: CCl3
: CCl2 + Cl

From equation (ii) and (iii)

3hc

3
2

= 5 0 2 0 .1 2 0 . 1 0. 2

From question, Ek2max = 3Ek1max

Multiplying equation (i) by 3
3Ek1max = 3

2hc

Cl
C

Cl

43.

R2V = n r2(v)
44.

v=

R V
n r

VR

+ :C

hc
(work function) =
2
(a) Inflow rate of volume of the liquid = Outflow rate of
volume of the liquid

Cl

Cl + H O
2

OH

O
C=O
H

OH
2HCl

nr 2

(b) Two vectors are

A = cos ti sin tj

t
t
B = cos i sin j
2
2
For two vectors A and B to be orthogonal A.B = 0

Therefore functional group CHO is introduced.

47. (a) N2(g) + O2(g)

K=

2NO(g)

[NO]2
[N 2 ][O 2 ]

1
1
N 2 + O2
2
2

NO

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CCl2
H

7
K =

48. (d)

[NO]
[N 2 ]1 2 [O 2 ]1 2

53.

= K1 2

(a) According to molecular orbital theory as bond order

decreases stability of the molecule decreases
1
(N Na)
2 b

Bond order

MgCO3
MgO + CO 2

84 g of MgCO3 form 40 g of MgO

40 20
g of MgO
20g of MgCO3 form
84

Bond order for O2

1
(10 5) 2.5
2

= 9.52 g of MgO
Since 8.0 g of MgO is formed

Bond order for O 2

1
(10 6)
2

Bond order for O 2

1
(10 7) 1.5
2

Purity of sample =

8
100 = 84.0%
9.52

49. (d) No. of moles of water

In 1.8 g of H2O = 0.1 moles
In 18 g of H2O = 1 moles
1 mole contain 6.022 1023 molecules of water
therefore maximum number of molecules is in 18 moles
of water.
50. (a) Incoming electrons occupies the smaller n = 2 shell,
also negative charge on oxygen (O) is another factor
due to which incoming electron feel repulsion.
Hence electron repulsion outweigh the stability gained
by achieving noble gas configuration.

2
Bond order for O2

n
V(kg)

1
(10 8) 1.0
2

hence the correct order is

O2

54.

O2

O2

O 2
2

(a) Among the substituent attached to the benzene ring,

NO2 group is the most electron withdrawing, thus
withdraws electron density from carbonyl carbon thus

facilitate the attack of OH ion.

O
. . ||
O C CH3

O
||
O C CH3

..

W
1
51. (d) Molality =
M V(kg)
=

(where n solute = W/M)

N

1.00 m =

n
i.e., 1 mole in 1 kg of water
V(kg)

Moles of 1 kg H2O
=

55.

1000g
= 55.55 mole
18g / mol

56.

Moles of solute = 1
Mole fraction
=

57.

nsolute
1
=
n solute + n water (1 + 55.55)

= 0.01768 = 0.0177
52. (d) Rate constant k = 0.6 10-3 mole per second.
mole per second shows zero order reaction)
For a zero order reaction
[A] = [A]0 kt
and[A0] [A] = [B] = kt
= 0.6 103 20 60 = 0.72 M

(un it
58.

(R effect of NO2 group)

(c) Carbonates becomes more thermally stable down the
group, therefore MgCO3 will leave CO2 easily.
(a) Among the given acids, HClO4 is a very strong acid,
completely dissociates
[HA]
0 in this case, hence cannot be used for
acidic buffer.
(a) [M (en)2 (C2O4)] Cl
C2O4 = bidentate ligand, carry 2 charge
en = bidentate ligand, carry 0 charge
M carry + 3 charge;
coordination number = 6
Sum = + 3 + 6 = 9
(d) OF2; among the following O and F,
F is more electronegative than oxygen.
So OF2 cannot be called oxide because in that case
fluorine is in +1 oxidation state which is not possible,
so OF2 is called oxygen difluoride.

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8
59.

(c) 1-chloro-1-methylcyclohexane.

O
O
OH
+ CH3 C Cl

CH3
Cl

O C CH3

Acetylation Reaction

NH2
Cl
+
CH2

CH3
Cl

CH3
+ H Cl

+ Cl

NaOH

O
Schotten-Baumen Reaction

NH C
CH3

CH3
H
+ Cl

+ H Cl

60.

CH3 C

(b)

O
H

CH3

CH3
Cl

CH3

CH3

2,3-Dimethyl-2-butene
(CH3)2CH CH CH = CH2 contain 7 carbon atoms
|

CH3

2 Cu2S (s) + 3O2 (g) 2Cu2O(s) + 2SO2(g)

The unchanged Cu2S, mixed with Cu2O and heated
strongly in absence of air
2 Cu2S + 2Cu2O 6Cu + SO2
63. (b) If 6.022 1023 changes to 6.022 1020/mol than this
would change mass of one mole of carbon.
64. (b) Th e H-bondin g is present in HF due to high
electronegativity of fluorine atom. While H-bonding is
not present in HI, HBr and HCl.
65. (a) ZnCl2 is a lewis acid and interact with alcohol.
CH 3 CH 2OH

CH3

ZnCl 2

R O ZnCl 2
|

CH3

CH3 C CH = CH2 + H

CH3 C CH CH3

CH3

(R

H
(I)

CH3 CH 2 )

CH3
Rearrangement

CH3
CH3

C=C

CH3

CH3

CH3

(Stable 3 carbocation)

CH3
(Friedel Crafts Reaction)

CH3Cl

C=O

O
O

+
R

Base

1 mole of carbon = 12gm of carbon

= 6.023 1023 C atoms.
Carbocation is formed as intermediate in the SN1
mechanism which these reaction undergoes.
In the absence of ZnCl 2 formation of primary
carbocation is difficult which is the case with (ii) while
(i) undergoes reaction.
(iii) Tertiary carbocation casily formed due to the
stability.
OH
|

CH3

O
OH + HO

CH3 C CH3

Perkin Reaction

Ar

[HOZnCl 2 ]

H
(I)

CH3

(d)
AlCl3

R O ZnCl2
|

CH3 C C

CH3

2, 3 - dimethyl 2 - butene

61.

62. (c)

CH3 C CH3
|

H2O

CH3

(iv) In the presence of ZnCl2, 2 carbocation is formed

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9
70.

from (CH3 ) 2 C OH

(a)

Ni2

= [Ar]18 4s0 3d8

Valence bond theory can be used to predict shape.

i.e., CH3 C H CH3

66. (d) Carbocation
Hexacyanidoterrate (III) ion.
67. (a) Considering the same moles of compounds
Fe 2 SO24 only Fe 2

is oxidised by KMnO 4 .

dsp hybridization

71.

(In presence of ligand, pairing of electron occurs)

Square planar.
(c) 50 ml of 16.9% solution of AgNO3

( 6)

16.9
50 = 8.45 g of Ag NO
3
100

SO2
4 in which sulphur is in highest oxidation state

cannot be oxidised.
Fe 2 SO32

Fe 2

(+4)

2
SO3

(+6)

nmole =

Sulphur can be oxidised to (+6) i.e to SO 2

4

50 ml of 5.8% solution of NaCl contain

Fe 2

NaCl =

5.8
50
100

nNaCl =

2.9g
= 0.0495 moles
(23 35.5) g/ mol

Carbon can be oxidised to (+IV) i.e to CO2

Fe(NO 2 )2

Fe

(+3)

+ 2NO2

2NO3 + 2e

8.45g
(107.8 14 16 3) g / mol

8.45 g
= 0.0497 moles
169.8g / mol

SO4 + 2e

In FeC2 O4

4p

4s

3d

AgNO3 + NaCl
1 mole
1 mole
0.049 mole 0.049 mole

Nitrogen can be
oxidised to (+V)
state

n=

(+5)
68. (d) XeF4, XeO4

w
M

2.9 g

AgCl + Na + Cl
1 mole
0.049 mole of AgCl

w = (nAgCl) Molecular Mass

72.

= (0.049) (107.8 + 35.5)

= 7.02 g
(c) Gd (64) = [Xe]4f7 5d1 6s2

73.

(b)

O
F

Xe

Xe
F
F
(Square planar)

O
[Tetrahedral]

OH

+H

OH
H
H

O
H

NH

69. (a)

(Caprolactum)

H
N
Nylon6

74.
75.

(a) At high temperature and low pressure.

(b) Lower oxidation state become more stable on moving
down the group
Al < Ga < ln < Tl

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10
76.

(a) gm eq of NaOH = 0.1 V = 0.1V

gm eq of HCl = 0.01 V = 0.01V
gm eq of NaOH > gm eq. HCl
hence resultant solution should be basic, hence from
the eqn
M1V1 M2V2 = MV
0.1V 0.01V = MV
M=

77.

78.

0.09
= 0.045 = 4.5 102
2

Now pOH = log [OH]

= log 4.5 102 = 1.34
pH + pOH = 14
pH = 14 1.34 = 12.65
(a) The acids which contain P-H bond have strong
reducing properties. Thus H3PO2 acid is good reducing
agent as it contains two PH bonds and reduces, for
example, AgNO3 to metallic silver.
4 AgNO3 + 2H2O + H3PO2
4Ag + 4HNO3 + H3PO4
(a) C3H9N
CH3CH2CH2NH2
CH3 NH CH2 CH3.

82. (b) In SN1 reaction, carbocation a planar species as

intermediate is formed.
R1
C

79.

r=

3a
4

4 3
r
3
Packing Fraction (P.F.) =
(4r / 3)3
2

80.

Cl
N

N
N

Co
N

N
Cl
trans
(I)

N
and

N
Co
Cl

N
Cl
cis
(II)

Mirror image of (II)

N
N
Cl

81.

CH3

(a) Nucleophile is a species that provide electron while

species which are deficient of electrons termed as lewis
acid, hence nucleophiles are usually lewis bases.
(c) [Co (en)2 Cl2] Cl

Nu

So attack from below or above the plane can take place.

If 50% attack below and above the plane of carbocation
take place than 100% racemization occurs but it may
not be highly probable.
i.e. if inversion occurs more than retention leading to
partial racemization.
83. (d) Number of atoms per unit cell
= 8 (1/8) + 1 = 2

NH2

R3

R2

CH3 CH CH 3 , CH 3 N CH 3
|

Nu

3
8

= 0.68

% P.F. = 68% ; % of vacant space

= 100 68 = 32%
84. (a) C + O2 CO2 + 393.5 kJ/mol
12g
44g
44g is formed from 12g of carbon
12 35.2
g of C
35.2g is formed from
44
= 9.6 g of C = 9.6/12 = 0.8 mole
1 mole release heat 393.5 kJ
0.8 mole release heat = 393.5 0.8
= 314.8 kJ 315 kg
85. (b) HCl completely dissociates to give H and Cl ions,
hence act as very good electrolyte. While rest are nonelectrolytes.
86. (b)

2C6 H6(g)

9O2(g)

V2O5
410 C

Co
N

CHC

Cl
(d) (n + l) rule can be used. Titanium is a multi electron system
(n + l) 3s < 3p <
4s
< 3d

(3 + 0) (3 + 1)
(4 + 0)
(3 + 2)
||
||
||
||
3
4
4
5
If (n + l) values are same, than value of "n" has to be
considered.

O + 4CO2(g) + 4H2O(g)
CHC
O

O
||

87. (b)

R C R

Maleic anhydride

NH 2 NH 2

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11
NH2
N

OH
1

H2O
Elimination

RCR

RCR

NHNH2
(Addition)
While in all other case no elimination take place.
88. (d) Because arylhalides does not undergoes nucleophilic
substitution easily.
H
89. (c)

COOH

CH3

OH
Four different Substituent, only one chiral centre. Hence
only enantiomers arc possible.
+
A

90. (c)
B

+
A
A+

A
+

A
+

+ Frenkel defect is
dislocation effect

BIOLOGY
91. (a) Mendel did not use pod length for his experiment.
92. (c) Chargaff's rule is not applicable to RNA
93. (d) Two sperms and a vegetative cell are produced by male
gametophyte in angiosperms.
94. (a) Ribosomes are not membrance-bound cell organelle.
95. (b) The chitinous exoskeleton of arthropods is formed by
the polymerisation of N-acetyl glucosamine.
96. (a) Superior ovary is found in china rose, mustard brinjal,
potato, onion and tulip. Guava and cucumber have
inferior ovary.
97. (a) The function of the gap junction is to facilitate
communication between adjoining cells by connecting
the cytoplasm for rapid transfer of ions, small molecules
and some large molecules.
98. (b) Colostrum contains high levels of lgA, which gives
passive immunity to foetus.
99. (d) Fovea centralis is the most sensitive part of retina. It
has high density of cones, but rods are not found.
100. (b) The second sound heard by doctors using stethoscope
occurs when semilunar valves close down after the
blood flows into vesels from ventricles.
101. (a) Coconut water is the free nuclear endosperm which is
used by us.
102. (d) Restriction enzymes are used to cut DNA at specific
locations.
103. (d) Nuclear envelope is not found in a prokaryotic cell.

104. (a) Synapsis

Crossing over
Terminalisation of
chiasmata
Disappearance of nucleolus
105. (a) Due to tensile strength of water, a column of water within
xylem vessels of tall trees does not break under its
weight.
106. (d) Class- deuteromycetes contains imperfect fungi which
play role in decomposition of organic wastes.
107. (a) Fimbriae assist to some bacteria to get attachment with
rocks or host body to get establishment and nutrition.
108. (a) A vector is a DNA molecule which is used as a vehicle
to carry the gene of interest to another cell.
109. (c) The kingdom Monera possesses unicellular organisms
(e.g - bacteria) having no nuclear membrane.
110. (a) Metagenesis is defined as alternation of generation
found in phylum cnidaria (eg. Obelia). In this
phenomenon one generation of an organism reproduces
asexually, followed by a sexually reproducing generation.
111. (d) In human female, during ovulation, LH surge takes place
due to hypersecretion of estrogen, which induces
positive feed back to anterior pituitary for secretion of
LH.
112. (d) Fibrous joint is an attachment between bones, being
held together by fibrous connective tissue. For examplesuture between skull bones.
113. (d) a - (iii), b - (iv), c - (i), d - (ii)
114. (a) This conference occured from 20 Nov to 8 December,
2012 to extend the life of the Kyoto Protocal at Doha in
Qatar.
115. (c) Serum globulins test provides confirmatory evidence
measuring the deficiency of antibodies ( -globulin) in
a person.
116. (d) Chromatophores play an important role in the process
of photo synthesis. They contain pigments and are
found in blue green algae.
117. (d) 60 - 70% SO2 and 20 - 30% NO2 contribute in the acid
rain.
118. (d) The gradual and predictable change, in the composition
of species takes place in a given area during ecological
succession.
119. (d) During photosynthesis photolysis of water is induced
by Mn++ and CI ions.
120. (b) Binary fission usually takes place in Amoeba,
Paramoecium and Euglena.
121. (b) Autosomal recessive is a type of disorder in which two
copies of an abnormal gene must be found for the
disease in the affected person.
122. (b) Whale is a mammal. It has four chambered heart having
two atria and two ventricles. Oxygenated and

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12

123. (a)
124. (c)
125. (c)
126. (b)
127. (c)

128. (c)
129. (b)

130. (a)

131. (c)

deoxygenated blood flow in separate circulatory

pathways.
The flowers of cucumber are unisexual, it means they
have only male flowers or only female flowers.
Parthenocarpic fruits (eg - banana) are produced without
fertilization of ovule.
A pleiotropic gene regulates multiple traits (characteristics) in an individual.
Production of body heat is caused by the process of
metabolism (respiration).
Petrormyzon marinus, commonly known as sea lamprey
lays eggs in fresh water and its larvae after
metamorphosis return to the ocean (saline water).
Synergids have filiform apparatus.
The correct sequence from outerside to inner side in a
woody dicot stem is as follows:
Phellem
Secondary cortex
Secondary phloem
Wood , [(d)
(a)
(c)
(b)]
Aldosterne is produced by adrenal cortex and plays an
important role in the regulation of Na+ and K+ levels in
body.
Golden rice (Oryza sativa) is a genetically modified crop.
It biosynthesizes

132. (b)
133. (c)
134. (d)
135. (d)
136. (a)

144. (c) Detritivores are the organisms which feed on dead plants
and animal residues.
145. (b) Babesiosis is malaria like disease caused by protozoonBabesia. In this desease haemoglobinuric fever takes
place.
146. (d) Competition occurs for light, food and space among
organisms in which all partners are adversely affected
in an ecosystom.
147. (b) Genome > chromosomes > gene > nucleotide.
148. (c) XX

XcY
Normal women Colourblind man

Xc
x XX c
x XX c

OO

The daughters of this couple will have normal eye sight

and carrier if one of the carrier daughter marries with
normal eyed man.
XXc

XY
Normal women
Normal man

- carotene which is the precursor of

vitamin-A.
Outbreeding is useful in the problem of inbreeding
depression.
In codominance both alleles are independently
expressed in the heterozygote.
ADH (Antidiuretic hormone) and oxytocin are produced
by hypothalamus and stored in posterior pituitary.
Biomagnification means an increase in concentration of
toxins through the trophic levels of a food chain.
Industrial melanism occured in England due to industrial
revolution. It caused black coating of moths for the
adaptation in the present environment.

137. (a) The dental formula for milk teeth is

OO

x
xc

149. (c)
150. (d)
151. (d)
152. (a)

2102
, so premolars
2102

are absent in the primary dentition.

138. (b) Scutellum is large, shield shaped cotyledon that helps
in the absorption of nutrients from endosperm during
germination.
139. (a) The body cells in cockroach discharge their nitrogenous
waste in the haemolymph as a solution of sodium or
potassium urate (a weak alkaline fluid).
140. (c) Nucleic acids have phophodiester bond in a nucleotide.
141. (d) Thomas Hunt Morgan won the Nobel Prize (1933) in
physiology or medicine for the function of chromosomes
in heredity.
142. (a) The spores are non motile in Mucor.
143. (a) In ectopic pregnancies, the implantation of embryo does
not occur in uterus but at other site.

Y
XY
XY

153. (d)

154. (c)

155. (c)
156. (b)
157. (d)
158. (a)

X
Y
XX XY
XX X c Y

Only 25% grandson will show colourblindness.

Stromal matrix contains a number of flattened
membranous sacs called thylakoid or lamellae.
Carbon and Nitrogen are gaseous nutrient cycle. Sulphur
and phosphorus are sedimentary nutrient cycle.
Agrobacterium
tumefaciens
introduces
t-DNA into the plant.
The bird's wings and insect's wings are analogous in
structure. They show convergent evolution having
similar adaptive functional structure developing in
different species.
Active absorption creates root pressure. In this process,
the expenditure of energy takes place for the movement
of substances against concentration gradient.
Urine has acidic nature because hydrogen ions(H+) are
components of an acid which are secreted into the
filtrate.
Cell wall is absent in a protoplast.
Endemic species is confined to a particular area due to
special type of adaptation according to that region.
T.O. Dinear (1971) discovered the viroids which are
smaller than viruses.
When the placenta is axial and ovules are attached to it
in a multilocular ovary, it is known as axile placentation.

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13
159. (a) GIFT (Gamete Intra Fallopian Transfer) is a technique
helping to have a child.
160. (a) In poliomyelitis, anterior horn cells of spinal cord are
destructed which causes loss of motor activities of limbs.
161. (d) Leghemoglobin prevents oxygen poisoning which
causes inactivation of nitrogenase.
162. (a) Biotic community is an association of individuals of
different species living in the same habitat and showing
functional interactions.
163. (a) In the disease, emphysema, alveolar surface area is
reduced due to destruction of alveolar walls.
164. (c) RNA and protein synthesis occur in Balbiani rings.
165. (a) (a)
(iii), (b)
(iv), (c)
(i), (d)
(ii)
166. (c) Lysosomes, golgi apparatus and mitochondria are the
cell organelles which have membranes.
167. (d) Avena coleoptile curvature is used for the bioassay of
auxin.
168. (c) Zona pellucida is formed as a new membrane by
secondary oocyte around itself.
169. (a) Satellite DNA displays high degree of polymorphism in
population and also the same degree of polymorphism
in an individual, which is inherited from parents to
children (offsprings).
170. (b) Mycoplasma lacks cell wall.

171. (b) In meiosis, the number of chromosomes are reduced by

half producing haploid daughter cells. The microspore
mother cell and the megaspore mother cell undergo
meiosis to produce haploid microspore and megaspore
respectively.
172. (a) Pistia a hydrophyte plant where absorption of water by
root is not important.
173. (d) Lichens cannot grow in the place where sulpher dioxide,
pollutant is available in the environment.
174. (a) Cell-midiated immune response is a system which is
specialized for a particular person.
175. (a) The given characteristic features define the phylum
porifera.
176. (d) In chrysophytes, the cell walls form two thin
overplapping shells holding together. The body of
Diatoms appears like soap box due to overlapping shells.
177. (b) Morel and truffles are used as food and they are members
of Ascomycetes fungi.
178. (a) Meiosis-II does not complete untill fertilization occurs
in females (in human being).
179. (c) Due to eutrophication water bodies lack oxygen causing
death of aquatic life.
180. (a) Succus entericus lacks enzyme nucleases.

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