Morgan Larrabee

Infinitives:
What is it?- The basic form of a verb without conjugation.
What are the 3 types?- -AR -ER -IR
How can they be identified?- They can be identified as verbs that end in -AR -ER and
-IR
What do they mean?- In English, they mean to and then whatever the verb is. For
example, bailar means to dance.
Adjectives:
What are they?- Words that describe a noun
How do they agree?- They agree in number and gender.
Where do they go?- They go after the noun or the opposite of where they go in English.
Definite and Indefinite Articles:
What are they? Definite- el, la, los, las
Indefinite- un, una, unos, unas
What do they mean?- They mean the (definite) and a or an (indefinite)
Subject Pronouns:
What are they?- Yo, t, el, ella, Ud. nosotros, nosotras, vosotros, vosotras, ellos, ellas
and Uds.
What do they mean?- Yo-I t-you (informal) el- he ella- she Ud.- you (formal)
nosotros/as- we vosotros/as- yall ellos/ellas- they Uds.- yall (formal)
AR, IR, ER Conjugations:
How do you conjugate?- Change the ending
What is a stem?- The part of the verb that you dont conjugate
What are the endings?- Yo -o t -as el/ella/Ud. -a nosotros -amos vosotros -s
ellos/ellas/Uds. -an
Plural Words:
What are the 3 rules?1) ends in vowel add s
libro --> libros
2) ends in consonant add es
profesor--> professores
3) ends in z, add es and change z to c
lpiz--> lpices

Irregular Verbs:
ConjugateIr- to go
yo

voy

nosotros

vamos

vas

vosotros

vas

el/ella/Ud.

va

ellos/ellas/Uds.

van

Tener- to have
yo

tengo

nosotros

tenemos

tienes

vosotros

tenes

el/ella/Ud.

tiene

ellos/ellas/Ud.

tienen

Tener que- just add que to whatever conjugation of tener is used

Hacer- to do
yo

hago

nosotros

hacemos

haces

vosotros

haces

el/ella/Ud.

hace

ellos/ellas/Uds.

hacen

yo

vengo

nosotros

venemos

vienes

vosotros

venes

el/ella/Ud.

viene

ellos/ellas/Uds.

vienen

Venir- to come

Traer- to bring

yo

traigo

nosotros

traemos

traes

vosotros

traes

el/ella/Ud.

trae

ellos/ellas/Uds.

traen

Ver- to watch
yo

veo

nosotros

vemos

ves

vosotros

ves

el/ella/Ud.

ve

ellos/ellas/Uds.

ven

Stem Changing Verbs:

ConjugateQuerer- to want
yo

quiero

nosotros
queremos

quieres

vosotros

queres

el/ella/Ud.

quiere

ellos/ellas/Uds.

quieren

yo

prefiero

nosotros

preferimos

prefieres

vosotros

preferes

prefiere

ellos/ellas/Uds.

prefieren

yo

puedo

nosotros
podemos

puedes

vosotros

podes

el/ella/Ud.

puede

ellos/ellas/Uds.

pueden

Preferir- to prefer

el/ella/Ud.
Poder- to be able to

Pedir- to order

yo

pido

nosotros

pedimos

pides

vosotros

pedes

ellos/ellas/Uds.

piden

el/ella/Ud.

pide

How are they conjugated?- They are conjugated using the boot so everything in the
boot has its stem changed and only nosotros and vosotros dont have a stem change because
they are outside of the boot.
Near Future:
How is it formed?- A conjugation of ir plus a plus an infinitive
Example. Ella va a leer
What does it mean?- It means you are going to do whatever the infinitive is, so for the
example, she is going to read.
Question Words:
What are they?- Cuando- when
Donde- where
Adonde- where to
De donde- from where
Cuanto- how much
Cuantos- how many
Que- what
Por que- why
Como- how
Cual- which
Cuales- which ones
Quien/ Quienes- who
Cuantos hay- how many are there
Con quien- with who
Para que- for what reason
Por donde- which direction
Possessive Adjectives:
What are they? mi- mine
mis- mine (plural)
tu- your
tus- your (plural)
su- her/his/its
sus- her/his/its (plural)
nuestra- our
nuestras- our (plural)
vuestra- your (formal)

vuestras- your (formal) (plural)

Ser vs. Estar
ConjugateSer- to be
yo

soy

nosotros

somos

eres

vosotros

sos

el/ella/Ud.

es

ellos/ellas/Uds.

son

Estar- to be
yo

estoy

nosotros

estamos

ests

vosotros

estais

el/ella/Ud.

est

ellos/ellas/Uds.

estn

When do you use Estar?- You use Estar when the thing youre describing is temporary
and youre describing condition/feeling and location.
Ex.
C/F- estoy enferma
est triste
L- estoy en la clase de espaol
When do you use Ser?- You use ser for description, origin, physical characteristics,
time/dates, occupation and relation.
Ex.
D- el es simptico
O- soy de Colorado
C- ella es alta
T- son las siete y media
O- soy estudiante
R- el es mi hermano