Part 4.

1:
After building the circuit for part 4.1, we recorded the following data:
DC
()
VOLTS(V)
1
0.00251
2
0.244
3
1.46
4
2.98
5
4.76
6
7.98
Figure 1: First data set of lab.
Next we were asked to plot the data:

Current(mA)

i_D vs v_GS
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
-1 0

3
4
Voltage(V)

Figure 2: Data in figure 1 represented in a graph( . ).

For the final part of 4.1, we were asked to find the square root of ID then plot the results:

SQRT(i_D) vs v_GS
3

Current(mA)

2.5
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
0

Voltage(V)

Figure 3: Plot of .
From the graph you can see that the line contacts the horizontal axis right around 1V, therefore
there is a threshold voltage, , of roughly 1V.
Part 4.2:
After building the circuit for part 4.1, we plotted the data as shown below:

i_D vs. v_DS with constant v_GS

7

Current(mA)

6
5
4
3
2
1
0
0

10

12

Voltage(V)

Figure 4: Plot of data from 4.2( = 5, Blue = 3)

EEE4308L Lab #6

I used the graph to find the output resistance, :

(3) = 1 = 0.011
(3) = 100
(5) = 1 = 0.041
(5) = 25
As you can see, the higher voltage means more current which results in a smaller output
resistance.
Next we must find the values of and :
calculations:
=
(3) =

1
1
=

1
1
=
= 5.78
(3) 1.73(100)

(5) =

1
1
=
= 6.91
(5) 5.79(25)
= 6.34

calculations:
=

1
=
=

1
6.34

= 0.158

EEE4308L Lab #6

Part 4.3:
After building the circuit for part 4.3, we recorded the following data:
DC
()

VOLTS
(A)
3
158
18987.34
4
169
23668.64
5
175
28571.43
6
179
33519.55
7
182
38461.54
8
184
43478.26
9
186
48387.1
10
187
53475.94
Figure 5: Data collected and resistance calculated.
After collecting the data we were asked to plot the data, along with the calculated resistance:

r_DS vs v_GS
60000

Resistance(Ohms)

50000
40000
30000
20000
10000
0
0

10

Voltage(V)

Figure 6: Blue = Measured and Red = Calculated resistances.

EEE4308L Lab #6

12

Part 4.4:
After building the circuit for part 4.4, we recorded the data and plotted it:

Output vs. Input

12

Voltage(V)

10
8
6
4
2
0
0

Voltage(V)

Figure 7: Output vs. Input plot of the desired circuit.

The slope at its steepest is around 22.05, meaning the amplification of the circuit is around 22 at
best. The highest input voltage that still gave a relatively stable amplification was 1V for this
circuit.
Part 4.5:
After building the circuit for part 4.5, we recorded the following data:
() = 232 , () = 2.08
From these results we found the gain:
=

2.08
232

= 8.97

We also noticed that the phase shift between the input and output wave was almost exactly 90.
The output wave was not distorted.

EEE4308L Lab #6

Figure 8: Input(yellow)/Output(blue) wave forms on oscilloscope (Sinusoidal).

Next we were asked to switch the input to a triangle wave and take a snapshot to better show the
distortion:

Figure 9: Input(yellow)/Output(blue) wave forms on oscilloscope (Triangle).

Although we did not get a very significant distortion snapshot, one can still see that the triangle
output is more rounded and bulging outwards that the input wave.
EEE4308L Lab #6

Next we were asked to find the FFT of the circuit:

Figure 10: FFT plot of the desired circuit.

The down 3 dB point we recorded were 15dB and 25dB, at 50Hz and 30kHz. Therefore our
bandwidth would be 30dB-23dB = 7dB.
Part Six:
Compare the value of the amplification determined in this experiment with the value obtained
from the transfer characteristic (previous experiment of section 4.4).
The two results were rather different. One produced a 22V/V amplification factor and one
measured around 9V/V. Although this is a big difference, the 22V/V calculation was found as
the peak amplification possible for the circuit.
Part Seven:
What is the phase relationship between input and output? Can you explain the phase
relationship?
The phase shift was very close to 90 if not perfectly 90. This was due to the high pass filter and
the characteristics of the transistor.

EEE4308L Lab #6

Part Eight:
The coupling capacitor and resistor R1 in Figure 7 acts as a high pass filter. Calculate the
corresponding 3-dB point of this filter. Express the value in Hz. Compare this value to the one
measured in the lab (low frequency 3-dB point).
=

1
1
=
2 2(10)0.1)

= 160 22
This value is very close to the down 3dB of the lower frequency measured in lab, but still just
lower.
Part Nine:
Practical limitations are that the components used are not ideal. Varying components may cause
a difference in the resulting voltage and current measurements, thus giving differing results from
the pre-lab. Also, in simulation software such as Multisim, the simulation of a transistor is more
ideal than a physical component
Part Ten:
Components used include two 0.1F Capacitor, with 5% tolerance.
Components used include a 100k resistor, actual value being 99.8k with 5% tolerance.
Components used include two 10k resistor, actual value being 9.9k and 10.1k with 10%
tolerance.
Part Ten:
If the transistor was wired wrong it could over heat the component cause damage to it. Supplying
a transistor with too much power could also cause damage to the component. This may become a
safety hazard if the voltage applied is large enough to physically affect the transistor. The same
applies for capacitors and resistors. Also, when working with amplifiers, you must be careful not
to supply too much power without knowing what the gain of the circuit is.

Part Eleven:
In order to perform the lab requirements, we carefully read the lab handout. We then proceeded
to follow each step thoroughly and constructing each circuit based on the schematic and
description laid out in the lab handout. We then collected data using appropriate measurement
instruments, and evaluated the data collected using common sense and mathematical evaluation.

EEE4308L Lab #6

Part Twelve:
These applications of transistors can be proven very useful. The sensitivity of the parameters can
be used in many ways to the created different outputs depending on what is wanted out of the
circuit. The circuits shown in this lab can be proven useful in future projects.

EEE4308L Lab #6