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and Borosilicate Glass. Our commitment to excellence has resulted in TGP becoming America’s fastest growing supplier
of stock shapes and fabricated products in the business.
We excel in technical product assistance of all types, including design, temperature ranges and purity level qualification.
We are capable of the industry’s most stringent standards and tolerances because of our use of state of the art
equipment and methods. In fact, our products are fully guaranteed for workmanship and quality!
NOW, WITH TWO LOCATIONS, we can more strategically support our customers’ requirements with our broad
inventory of labware, flat stock, rod, and tubing, all backed by the finest engineers, machinists, and glass blowers in the
industry.
WE’RE PROUD OF OUR EXPERTISE in supporting our customers’ needs with the following requirements:
• Product Design • Complete Fabrication
• High Tolerance • Repair/Build
• Glass Blowing • Machining and Assembly
• Technical Assistance • Full Product Guarantee
TGP IS AN AUTHORIZED GENERAL ELECTRIC FUSED QUARTZ Distributor and Fabricator, backed by
G.E.’s world class expertise in quartz material and fusion.
1
PROPERTIES OF FUSED QUARTZ
Silica is found almost everywhere in nature, it Vitreous Silica, in all its forms, offers a variety of
represents almost 1/3 the mass of the earth’s crust. properties such as:
Vitreous Silica is the generic term used to describe all Permeability
types of silica glass, with manufacturers referring to the Extreme Hardness
material as either Fused Quartz or Fused Silica. Very Low Coefficient of Thermal Expansion
Resistance to High Temperature
Manufactured by fusing naturally occuring High Chemical Purity
crystalline silica, either sand or rock crystal, a wide High Corrosion Resistance
range of products are available. After this process, their Extensive Optical Transmission from
appearance will be either opaque, translucent or Ultra-Violet to Infra-Red
transparent. If the silicon dioxide is synthetically Excellent Electrical Insulation Qualities
derived, the material produced is commonly called Remarkable Stability Under Atomic Bombardment
Synthetic Fused Silica.
2
TRACE IMPURITIES
TYPE
(PPM) Al AS B Ca Cd Cr Cu Fe K Li Mg Mn Na Ni P Sb Ti Zr *OH-
GE 124 ®
14 <.002 <0.2 0.4 <0.01 <0.05 <0.05 0.2 0.6 0.6 0.1 <0.05 0.7 <0.1 <0.2 <0.003 1.1 0.8 <5
GE 214 ®
14 <.002 <0.2 0.4 <0.01 0.05 <0.05 0.2 0.6 0.6 0.1 <0.05 0.7 <0.1 <0.2 <0.003 1.1 0.8 <5
NSG OZ ®
40 — — 2.5 — — .50 0.9 1.7 .06 0.3 .03 2.5 — — — 0.8 — 150-200
TYPE
(PPB) Ag Al As Au B Ba Be Bi Ca Cd Co Cr Cu Fe Ga
Corning 7980® <150 -40 <5 n.d. <100 <14 <5 <10 <20 n.d. <10 <1 <13 <15 n.d.
K Li Mg Mn Mo Na Ni P Sb Sr Ti U V Zn Zr
<21 <1 <25 <10 <5 <150 <7 <100 <5 <3 <40 <1 <10 <30 <30
PRESSURE CALCULATIONS
3
MACHINED QUARTZ
MATERIAL AVAILABLE:
Commercial Grade Fused Quartz General Electric Type 124®
Optical Grade Fused Quartz Nippon Silica Glass Co. Ltd.
Type OZ®
Fused Silica Corning Glass Works Type 7980
Optical Glass Schott Glass Technologies
Type BK-7®
Borosilicate Glass Corning Glass Works, Pyrex®
4
MACHINED QUARTZ • OPTICAL PROPERTIES
The optical properties of fused quartz lets us choose The curves in the figure below represent the average
between various types, because the degree of transparency transmissions for a 10mm thick test sample for both
defines material purity and the method of manufacture. commercial and optical grades. Fused quartz is very
efficient for the transmission of infrared radiation.
Certain indicators are the UV cutoff and the presence
Infrared transmission extends out approximately 4
or absence of bands at 245nm and 2.73µm. The UV
micrometers, with little absorption in the “water band”
cutoff varies from 155 to 175nm for a 10mm thick test
at 2.73µm.
sample. The presence of transition metallic impurities
will move the UV cutoff towards longer wavelengths.
5
MACHINED QUARTZ • EQUIPMENT AND CAPABILITIES
ANGULARITY
RADIUS: .030"–.060"
BEVEL: .020"–.040" PARALLELISM
6
MACHINED QUARTZ • SCRATCH / DIG SPECIFICATIONS*
This parameter measures the allowable defects in a coating or on the surface of an optical element, and is
specified as a numerical value. For example, a specification may read “Scratch/Dig=80/60”, explained as follows:
SCRATCHES
Scratch numbers are the apparent widths of hairline length of maximum-size scratches on the surface of the
scratches allowed in units of 0.001mm. A scratch number lens in question cannot exceed 1/4 the diameter of the
of 80 is really 0.08mm wide. Additionally, the combined usable lens area.
SCRATCHES
SCRATCH NUMBER MAXIMUM WIDTH (mm) MAXIMUM WIDTH (inches)
80 .008 .00031
60 .006 .00024
40 .004 .00016
20 .002 .00008
10 .001 .00004
5 .0005 .00002
DIGS
Digs represent the apparent diameters of allowable allowable inclusion. The allowable number of maximum
defects such as bubbles, pinholes and inclusions on the size digs within the useful area of the lens is one, and the
surface of lens or coating. Digs are specified in units of sum of the diameters of all digs cannot exceed twice the
0.01mm, so a dig value of 50 is actually .5mm diameter diameter of the minimum size dig number specified.
DIGS
DIG NUMBER MAXIMUM WIDTH (mm) MAXIMUM WIDTH (inches)
50 .50 .020
40 .40 .016
30 .30 .012
20 .20 .008
10 .10 .004
5 .05 .002
* Mil-0-13830B
7
MACHINED QUARTZ • FLATNESS REFERENCE CHART
CONVERSION TABLE
INTERFERENCE FRINGES INCHES MICRO INCHES MILLIMETERS MICRONS (u) ANGSTRONS (A°)
8
FUSED QUARTZ RODS
FUSED QUARTZ
Authorized Momentive GE Fused Quartz Distributor & Fabricator
PLEASE NOTE: Quartz Rod 26mm diameter and larger is subject to minimum case quantities. Please call 440.639.6399 for availability.
9
FUSED QUARTZ TUBING
FUSED QUARTZ
Authorized Momentive GE Fused Quartz Distributor & Fabricator
10
FUSED QUARTZ TUBING
1/4 6.35
3/8 9.50
1/2 12.70
5/8 15.80
TUBING TOLERANCES
OUT OF RND
DIAMETER DIAMETER DIAMETER % OF O.D., WALL SIDING MAX. BOW,
RANGE mm REFERENCE NOM. % MAX. THICKNESS % WALL 1200mm LENGTH mm
11
PRECISION BORE TUBING • REDRAWN TUBING
The manufacturing of Precision Bore Tubing involves the heating and softening
of standard tubing over a precision mandrel when precise tolerances are
required. The final product is formed as the tube is pulled over the mandrel.
REDRAWN TUBING
WHEN ORDERING
12
CUSTOM DESIGN, FABRICATION AND REPAIR
If you need help in the area of custom fabrication or repairs, please contact
us for a no-obligation evaluation of your project.
SEMICONDUCTOR
CHEMICAL PETROLEUM
INFRARED HEATING
13
FUSED QUARTZ LABWARE
BOILING FLASKS
CAPACITY (cc) GLOBE OVERALL OVERALL NECK NECK
DIAMETER (mm) ROUND HT. (mm) FLAT HT. (mm) DIAMETER (mm) LENGTH (mm)
10 30 50 47 17 20
25 40 65 62 20 25
50 52 77 74 22 25
100 65 95 91 22 30
125 69 101 96 24 32
150 74 108 103 25 34
200 79 115 110 27 36
250 86 126 120 28 40
500 102 159 150 34 50
750 124 214 206 34 90
1000 136 231 221 34 95
1500 149 249 238 38 100
2000 162 272 260 40 110
3000 183 333 320 44 150
4000 202 367 353 44 165
5000 218 393 378 50 175
6000 230 415 398 50 185
KJELDAHL FLASKS
CAPACITY (cc) GLOBE OVERALL NECK NECK
DIAMETER (mm) HEIGHT (mm) DIAMETER (mm) LENGTH (mm)
50 41 171 20 130
100 56 199 20 130
250 70 250 25 180
300 80 289 27 190
500 96 308 30 190
650 104 318 30 190
750 108 323 33 190
800 110 326 35 190
DISTILLING FLASKS
CAPACITY GLOBE OVERALL NECK NECK SIDE TUBE SIDE TUBE
(cc) DIAMETER (mm) HEIGHT (mm) DIAMETER (mm) LENGTH (mm) DIAMETER (mm) LENGTH (mm)
10 30 95 15 65 6 100
25 40 100 19 70 7 100
50 52 122 19 70 7 110
100 65 155 19 90 7 110
125 69 163 19 94 8 110
150 74 170 22 96 8 110
200 79 181 24 102 8 130
250 86 192 24 106 8 130
500 109 254 26 145 9 130
750 124 284 26 160 9 130
1000 136 301 28 165 11 140
1500 149 319 30 170 11 140
2000 169 340 32 178 11 140
3000 183 373 32 190 11 140
14
FUSED QUARTZ LABWARE
ERLENMEYER FLASKS
CAPACITY BASE OVERALL NECK NECK
(cc) DIAMETER (mm) HEIGHT (mm) DIAMETER (mm) LENGTH (mm)
10 30 51 10 13
25 40 67 13 17
50 49 85 15 21
100 67 110 22 25
150 71 122 24 30
200 83 138 28 30
250 84 146 30 30
300 93 156 34 36
500 109 194 34 40
750 127 224 37 52
1000 138 232 40 58
1500 152 264 45 64
2000 166 288 48 70
3000 200 320 50 76
4000 220 360 52 80
5000 236 390 54 86
6000 248 410 56 90
50 19/38 49 129 22 65
100 24/40 67 132 28 67
200 24/40 83 175 28 67
250 24/40 84 183 28 67
300 24/40 93 187 28 67
500 24/40 109 221 28 67
750 29/42 127 241 34 69
1000 29/42 138 243 34 69
1500 29/42 152 269 34 69
2000 29/42 166 287 34 69
BEAKERS
CAPACITY (cc) BASE DIAMETER (mm) OVERALL HEIGHT (mm)
10 25 32
25 33 45
50 45 50
100 51 62
150 59 76
200 64 84
250 67 86
300 74 92
400 80 105
500 84 112
600 90 119
800 100 127
1000 107 140
1500 132 152
2000 138 168
2500 142 190
4000 160 254
BEAKERS
CAPACITY (cc) BASE DIAMETER (mm) OVERALL HEIGHT (mm)
10 22 45
25 29 57
50 35 73
100 45 89
150 49 102
200 54 111
250 57 118
300 61 124
400 68 140
500 74 146
600 77 168
1000 92 181
15
FUSED QUARTZ LABWARE
EVAPORATING DISHES
CAPACITY (cc) DIAMETER (mm) HEIGHT (mm)
25 50 25
50 65 33
75 70 35
100 80 40
150 90 45
200 100 50
250 110 55
300 120 60
350 130 65
400 140 70
450 150 75
500 160 80
ROUND DISHES
APPROXIMATE CAPACITY (cc) DIAMETER (mm) HEIGHT (mm)
20 55 15
35 60 15
65 70 15
75 89 15
100 100 15
120 110 15
125 127 15
CRUCIBLES w/LIDS
CAPACITY (cc) TOP DIAMETER (mm) BASE DIAMETER (mm) HEIGHT (mm)
10 28 14 30
20 36 17 40
30 43 22 38
50 50 22 48
100 62 35 66
10 12 100
20 15 125
35 18 150
95 25 200
2x4 14 x 16 37 x 40
3x5 15 x 17 38 x 41
4x6 16 x 18 40 x 43
5x7 17 x 19 42 x 45
6x8 18 x 20 45 x 48
7x9 20 x 23 46 x 50
8 x 10 22 x 25 48 x 52
9 x 11 25 x 28 50 x 54
10 x 12 27 x 30 55 x 59
11 x 13 30 x 33 60 x 64
12 x 14 32 x 35 65 x 69
13 x 15 35 x 38 70 x 74
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FUSED QUARTZ LABWARE
2 8
4 10
6 12
8 16
12/2 2x6 12 4
12/3 3x6 12 4
12/5 5x8 12 4
18/7 7 x 9.5 18 4-1/2
18/9 9 x 11.8 18 4-1/2
28/12 12 x 15 28 5
28/15 15 x 18 28 5
35/20 20 x 23 35 5
35/25 25 x 28 35 5
40/25 25 x 28 40 5
50/30 30 x 34 50 5
65/40 40 x 45 65 6
75/50 50 x 55 75 6
102/75 75 x 80 102 6
5 5x8 4 2-110
7 7 x 9.5 4-1/2 2-111
9 9 x 11.8 4-1/2 2-112
12 12 x 15 5 2-116
15 15 x 18 5 2-116
20 20 x 23.6 5 2-124
25 25 x 28.8 5 2-214
30 30 x 34 6 2-223
40 40 x 43 6 2-226
50 50 x 55 6 2-229
75 75 x 80 6 2-341
100 101.6 x 106.6 6 2-349
125 125 x 130 6 2-355
150 150 x 156 6 2-362
200 203 x 211 6 2-371
17
FUSED QUARTZ LABWARE
1/4 3/4
1/2 1"
3/4 1-17/64
1" 1-9/16
1-1/2 2-1/8
14 12 1.5 110 14
18 16 1.8 110 18
25 22 1.8 110 25
32 28 2.0 150 32
45 40 2.2 180 45
18
FUSED QUARTZ SEMICONDUCTOR WARE
FUSED QUARTZ
Authorized Momentive GE Fused Quartz Distributor & Fabricator
Fused quartz, with its combination of high purity and mechanical stability at
high temperatures, makes it the ideal material used in the processing of silicon
wafers. Technical Glass Products uses only the highest grade raw materials, offering
contaminant levels less than 25 ppm. Quartz tubing is available in a number of
sizes up to 400 mm, with excellent diameter and wall thickness tolerances. We
offer a full range of fabricated semiconductor ware. Design assistance is available
from our technical staff.
PLASMA CHAMBERS
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OPAQUE FUSED QUARTZ
THE OPAQUE QUALITY comes from the quartz sands of high purity, when
reduced to a molten state, at a temperature of approximately 2000° C. The high
temperature produces a vitreous material characterized by the presence of a
multitude of gaseous micro-bubbles, which by diffracting the light, gives the material
its opacity. The term opaque silica is mainly used for molded or centrifuged parts,
while the product obtained by drawing is normally referred to as translucent.
MECHANICAL PROPERTIES
Specific Density (according to fusion process) 1.98 to 2.12
Hardness (Mohs scale) 7
Rupture stress: traction N.m-2 2.107
compression N.m -2
5.108
ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES
Dielectric constants 3.5
Dielectric rigidity V.m-1 5.106
Loss coefficient at 1 MHz 20.10-4
THERMAL PROPERTIES
Linear expansion coefficient °K-1 5.4.10-7
Specific heat at 20° C J.kg .°K
-1 -1
7.5.102
Heat conductivity at 20° C W.m-1.°K-1 1.05
Annealing point °C 1120
Softening point °C 1650
Temperature of use °C 1800 to 2200
CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
SiO2 content % 99.8
Element content (typical analysis) Fe ppm 70
Ti ppm 100
Al ppm 220
Ca ppm 40
Mg ppm 11
Na ppm 25
K ppm 40
Li ppm 5
20
OPAQUE LABWARE AND TRAYS
RECTANGULAR TRAYS
I.D. DIMENSIONS I.D. DIMENSIONS
size: L x W x H (inches) size: L x W x H (inches)
4 x 2 x 1 10-1/4 x 6 x 4
6 x 3 x 2 11 x 6 x 2
6 x 3 x 2-1/2 11 x 11 x 5
6 x 3-1/2 x 1-1/4 11.8 x 11.8 x 3.64
6 x 6 x 3.9375 12 x 7 x 3
7 x 4 x 1 12 x 12 x 2
8 x 4 x 2 12.8 x 12.8 x 3.9
9 x 5 x 2 13 x 6 x 1
9.5 x 5.5 x 2.5 14 x 8 x 4
9-3/4 x 6 x 1-3/4 16 x 10 x 3
9-3/4 x 6 x 2-3/4 18 x 9 x 2
10 x 7 x 7/8 20 x 6.5 x 5
21
FUSED QUARTZ WOOL AND FRITS
FELTS (MATS)
A Felt is quartz wool that has been impregnated with a starch binder to
provide a stable sheet that can be handled, cut or fabricated to exact sizes. The
binder can be removed by heating the Felt to 900°F for 1 hour or 500°F for 24
hours. Binder content on the Felt is 4–5% by weight. Standard specifications are:
Size 1000mm x 1000mm
1000mm x 500mm
500mm x 500mm
Thickness 5mm (0.2 in)
Weight 80 g/m (2.3 oz/yd)
Density 0.016 g/cm (1 lb/ft)
22
FUSED QUARTZ PROPER USAGE GUIDELINES
STORAGE
DEVITRIFICATION
Space permitting, fused quartz should be stored in
its original shipping container. If that is not practical, Devitrification of quartz and silica glass means transition
at least the wrapping should be retained. In the case from a metastable (vitrified) state to a stable crystallized
of tubing, the end coverings should be kept in place state of cristobalite. Devitrification occurs when the product
until the product is used. This protects the ends from is used at high temperatures over a long period of time, or
chipping and keeps out dirt and moisture which could it is heated while impurities adhere to its surface. Even
compromise the purity and performance of the tubing. very small impurities on the surface can have a major
influence. Under such conditions, devitrification may even
occur at temperatures of 1000°C or less. This hardly
ever occurs at temperatures of 1150°C or less, if the
BECAUSE THE PRODUCTS ARE ANNEALED
glass surface is perfectly clean. Devitrification usually
Both quartz and silica glass are annealed at starts when the temperature rises to 1200°C or higher,
approximately 1150°C. However, they reach a strain then further develops as the temperature increases.
point at about 1120°C. These glass products, if rapidly
cooled after use at temperatures above this strain
point, will develop strain again. Special care should be
taken when using large sized products.
23
CONVERSION TABLES
24