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Absolute zero:
Absorptance:
The ratio of the total absorbed radiation to the total incident radiation.
Acceleration:
Achromatic:
Acoustics:
Acoustic shielding:
Adiabatic:
Afocal lens:
Albedo:
Alpha particle:
The nucleus of a helium atom (two protons and two neutrons) emitted
as radiation from a decaying heavy nucleus.
Alternating current:
Amorphous:
Ampere:
S.I. Unit of electric current, one ampere is the flow of one coulomb of
charge per second.
Amplitude:
Angle of contact:
The angle between tangents to the liquid surface and the solid surface
inside the liquid, both the tangents drawn at the point of contact.
Angle of incidence:
Angle of reflection:
Angle of refraction:
Angle of repose:
The angle of inclination of a plane with the horizontal such that a body
placed on the plane is at the verge of sliding.
Angstrom:
Angular momentum:
Angular velocity:
Annihilation:
Antineutrino:
Archimedes principle:
Atomic number:
Avogadro number:
Avogadro's law:
Balmer lines:
Bar:
Baryon:
Beat:
Bernoulli's theorem:
Beta particle:
Binding energy:
Black body:
An ideal body which would absorb all incident radiation and reflect
none.
Black hole:
Boyle's law:
Brewster's law:
Brownian motion:
Bulk's modulus of
elasticity:
Buoyant force:
Calorie:
Candela:
Capacitance:
Capacitor:
Electrical device used to store charge and energy in the electrical field.
Capillarity:
Carnot's theorem:
Centrifugal force:
Centripetal force:
Charles' law:
Chromatic aberration:
An optical lens defect causing color fringes, because the lens brings
It is not possible that at the end of a cycle of changes heat has been
transferred from a colder body to a hotter body without producing
some other effect.
Closed system:
Coefficient of linear
expansion:
The increase in length per unit original length per degree rise in
temperature.
Coefficient of superficial
expansion:
The increase in area per unit original area per degree rise in
temperature.
Coefficient of volumetric
expansion:
The increase in volume per unit original volume per degree rise in
temperature.
Coherent source:
Condensation point:
Conduction:
Convection:
Coulomb's law:
Critical angle:
Cyclotron:
Decibel:
Density:
Diffraction:
Dioptre:
Direct current:
direction.
Dispersion:
Displacement:
Distance:
quantity.
Doppler Effect:
Electric current:
Electrical conductors:
The materials that have free electrons and allow current to flow
through them.
Electrical insulators:
Electrical resistance:
Electromagnetic induction:
Electron volt:
Endothermic process:
Exothermic process:
Escape Velocity:
Farad:
Faraday:
Fermat's principle:
Fluids:
Focus:
Fraunhoffer lines:
Free fall:
Frequency:
Fundamental
frequency:
Gamma ray:
Graham's law of
diffusion:
Ground state:
Half-life:
Heisenberg
uncertainty
principle:
Hertz:
Hooke's law:
Horsepower:
Ice-point:
Ideal gas
Equation:
PV = nRT
Impulse:
The product of force and time for which force acts, also equal to the change in
momentum.
Inertia:
The property of a body to resist a change in its state of rest or of uniform motion.
Infrasonic:
Sound waves of frequency less than 20 Hz, below the range of human hearing.
Insulators:
Interference:
Internal
energy:
Sum of the kinetic energy and potential energy of all molecules of an object.
Isobaric
process:
Isochoric
process:
Isothermal
process:
Isotope:
atoms of the same element with same atomic no (no of protons) but different
mass no (no of neutrons).
Joule:
Joule's law of
heating:
The heat produced when a current 'I' flows through a resistor 'R' for a given
time't' is given by Q =I2Rt.
Kinetic energy:
Kilocalorie:
Laser:
Law of
conservation
of mass:
Law of
In the absence of external forces, the total
conservation momentum of a group of interacting
of momentum: objects remains constant.
Lenz's law:
Light-year:
Longitudinal
strain:
Longitudinal
wave:
Luminosity:
Lyman series:
Magnetic
domain:
Magnetic
field:
Magnetic
reversal:
Magnetic
wave:
Malus law:
Maser:
emission of radiation.
The difference between the sum of the
Mass defect: masses of the individual nucleons forming a
nucleus and the actual mass of that nucleus.
Mass
number:
Mean life:
Mechanical
energy:
Mechanical
wave:
MeV:
Megahertz:
Millibar:
Modulus of
elasticity:
Modulus of
rigidity:
Mole:
Newton's
A body continues in a state of rest or of
first law of uniform motion in a straight line unless it is
motion:
acted upon by an external (unbalanced) force.
Newton's
The gravitational force of attraction acting
law of
between any two particles is directly
gravitation: proportional to the product of their masses,
Nuclear
force:
Nuclear
fusion:
Nucleons:
Nucleus:
Ohm:
Ohm's
law:
Open
system:
Optical
fiber:
Pascal:
Pascal's
law:
A unit of
pressure, equal
to the pressure
resulting from a
force of 1
Newton acting
uniformly over
an area of 1m2.
The pressure
exerted on a
liquid is
transmitted
equally in all
directions.
Paschen
series:
A group of lines
in the infrared
region in the
spectrum of
hydrogen.
Pauli
Exclusion
Principle:
No two
electrons in an
atom can have
the same four
quantum
numbers; thus,
a maximum of
two electrons
can occupy a
given orbital.
Peltier
effect:
The evolution or
absorption of
heat at the
junction of two
dissimilar
metals carrying
current.
The time
Period of required for one
oscillation: complete
oscillation.
Periodic
motion:
The motion
which repeats
itself after
regular intervals
of time.
The emission of
electrons in
some materials
Photoelect
when light of
ric effect:
suitable
frequency falls
on them.
Photons:
A quanta of
energy in light
wave; the
particle
associated with
light.
Planck's
The ratio of
constant:
energy to
frequency, equal
to 6.63 x 10-34
joule-sec.
Plasma:
A highly ionized
gas composed
entirely of equal
number of
positive ions
and electrons.
The property of
a solid whereby
it undergoes a
permanent
Plasticity:
change in shape
or size when
subjected to a
stress.
Polarized
Light:
Light whose
constituent
transverse
waves are all
vibrating in the
same plane.
Polaroid
A device that
or
produces
polarizer: polarized light.
Positron:
An elementary
particle having
same mass as
that of an
electron but
equal and
positive charge.
Potential
Energy:
The energy
possessed by a
body by virtue
of its position or
configuration.
Power:
The rate of
doing work.
Pressure:
Primary
colors:
Three colors
red, yellow and
blue, which can
be combined in
various
proportions to
produce any
other color.
Principle
quantum
number:
A quantum
number that
describes the
main energy
level of an
electron in
terms of its
most probable
distance from
the nucleus.
A wave which
transfers energy
Progressiv
from one part of
e wave:
a medium to
another.
An object which
after being
given an initial
Projectile: velocity is
allowed to fall
under the effect
of gravity alone.
Quanta:
Quantum
limit:
Quantum
mechanics:
Quantum
numbers:
Quark:
Q unit:
Radiant
energy:
electromagnetic spectrum.
Radiation:
Radioactive
decay:
Radioactive
decay
constant:
Radioactive
decay series:
Radioactive
decay law:
Rarefaction:
Real image:
Rectilinear
Motion:
Reflection:
Refraction:
Refractive
index:
Relative
density:
Relative
humidity:
Resolving
power:
Resonance:
Restoring
force:
Resultant
Force:
Air in which
equilibrium exists
between evaporation
Saturated air:
and condensation; the
relative humidity is
100 percent.
Scalar
Quantity:
A physical quantity,
which is described
completely by its
magnitude.
Second's
Pendulum:
A simple pendulum
whose time period on
the surface of earth is
2 seconds.
Elements whose
electrical conductivity
Semiconduct is intermediate
ors:
between that of a
conductor and an
insulator.
The ratio of the
relative displacements
Shear strain: of one plane to its
distance from the fixed
plane.
The restoring force
developed per unit
area when deforming
force acts tangentially
Shear stress: to the surface of body
producing change in
the shape of the body
without any change in
volume.
Siemens:
Simple
harmonic
motion:
Snell's law:
Solenoid:
A cylindrical coil of
wire that becomes
electromagnetic when
a current flows
through it
Sonic boom:
From quantum
mechanics model of
the atom, one of four
descriptions of the
energy state of an
Spin quantum electron wave; this
number:
quantum number
describes the spin
orientation of an
electron relative to an
external magnetic
field.
Standing
waves:
speed.
It is the temperature
of steam over pure
Steam-point: boiling water under 1
atm pressure. It is
equal to 100 or 212 .
StefanBoltzmann
law:
Some materials in
which, under certain
Superconduct
conditions, the
ors:
electrical resistance
approaches zero.
Surface
tension:
The property of a
liquid due to which its
surface behaves like a
stretched membrane.
Tesla:
Thermal
Capacity:
Total
internal
reflection:
Transverse
wave:
propagation of wave.
Trough:
General
term for
Van der
weak
Wall's
attractive
force:
intermolecu
lar forces
A quantity,
which
Vector needs both
Quantit magnitude
y:
and
direction to
describe it.
Distance
traveled by
a body in a
particular
direction
per unit
Velocit time or the
y:
displaceme
nt of the
body per
unit time.
It is a
vector
quantity.
A back and
forth
Vibratio
motion that
n:
repeats
itself.
Virtual An image
image: formed
when the
Uniform Circular
Motion:
Unpolarized light:
reflected or
refracted
light rays
appear to
meet; this
image
cannot be
projected
on a
screen.
Volt:
Unit of
potential
difference,
equivalent
to
joule/coulo
mb.
The electric
potential
difference
across a
Voltage resistor or
drop:
other part
of a circuit
that
consumes
power.
Watt:
Wavelength:
Wave motion:
Wave period:
Wave velocity:
Weight:
Weightlessness:
Young's modulus of
elasticity:
Zeeman Effect:
Zeroth law of
thermodynamics: