Robert Gallo

Living Environment

May 21, 2012

Regents Review

June 2008: Part A

1. (1)
2. (4)
3. (1)
4. (4)
5. (3)
6. (1)
7. (1)
8. (4)
9. (2)
10. (2)
11. (3)
12. (4)
13. (2)
14. (4)
15. (3)
16. (3)
17. (2)
18. (1)
19. (1)
20. (2)
21. (1)
22. (2)
23. (3)
24. (1)
25. (2)
26. (2)
27. (4)
28. (3)
29. (1)
30. (3)

Robert Gallo
Living Environment

May 21, 2012

Regents Review

June 2008: Part A Answers Explained

3. (1) While all cells in humans have identical genetic makeup, certain genes in certain genes are
turned on or expressed during a process called differentiation. Each cells function is
determined by the specific set of genetic instructions that are expressed. Not (3).
4. (4) Single-celled organisms have various cell parts or organelles that perform essential life
processes. These cell parts carry out similar functions as those of human organ systems. For
example, a lysosome containing enzymes that digest food particles could be compared to the
human digestive system. Not (2).
7. (1) In asexually reproducing organisms, hereditary information is passed from a parent
organism to resulting offspring through DNA. DNA consists of coded instructions using
sequences of 4 nitrogen bases A, T, C, and G. The sequence of these four bases determines the
structure of necessary proteins in new organisms. Not (4).
10. (2) The gene (D) would be the smallest structure located within a chromosome (A).
Chromosomes are found in the nucleus (B) of a cell. The nucleus is an organelle or a smaller part
of the cell (C). Diagram 2 reflects this relationship. Not (3).
15. (3) Photosynthesis and respiration both involve the following molecules: glucose which is
organic, and water, oxygen, and carbon dioxide which are inorganic. Photosynthesis uses CO2
and water to produce glucose and O2. Respiration uses glucose and O2 to produce CO2 and
energy. Not (4).
16. (3) By recombining genes through reproduction, new combinations of genetic information
can occur. These new gene combinations may result in genetic variation and may be inherited
through gametes during sexual reproduction. Not (4).
17. (2) Cell 1, a sperm, and cell 2, an egg, were both formed by the process of meiosis. Meiosis
is the formation of sex cells or gametes. In humans, cell 1 is formed in the testes, while cell 2 is
formed within the ovary. Not (3).
20. (2) Persons receiving an organ transplant should take medication that reduces their immune
response to prevent their body from attacking and rejecting the foreign proteins in that organ.
Remember, that your immune system attacks any foreign protein or antigen that enters the body.
Not (1)

Robert Gallo
Living Environment

May 22, 2012

Regents Review

June 2008: Part B-1 and B-2

31. (3)
32. (2)
33. (4)
34. (3)
35. (1)
36. (1)
37. (4)
38. (2)
39. (4)
40. (1)
41. (3)
42. (2)
45. One fuel source in the table that is considered a fossil fuel is coal.
46. One fuel source in the table that is classified as a renewable resource is hydro (water)
47. One specific environmental problem that can result from burning coal to generate
electricity is pollution
48. The hawk population will also decrease because they prey on snakes which prey
on frogs and if there are fewer frogs to eat then the snake population will go over its carrying
capacity eventually leading to a decrease in snakes which would eventually lead to a decrease
in hawks because they will also exceed their carrying capacity.
49. One cell structure found in a producer in this meadow ecosystem that is not
found in the carnivores is the chloroplast.
50. One genetic advantage of an earthworm mating with another
earthworm for the production of offspring is increased variety within the species.
51. a. has white wings b. has black wings
52. Species D, Species C, Species B, Species A
54. This change in the virus could come about due to
a genetic mutation.
55. The relationship that exists between a virus
and a human when the virus infects the human is a Parasite/Host relationship.

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

(1)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(3)

7. (3)
8. (1)
9. (1)
10. (3)
11. (2)
12. (4)
13. (1)
14. (3)
15. (3)
16. (2)
17. (3)
18. (4)
19. (2)
20. (1)
21. (2)
22. (1)
23. (4)
24. (2)
25. (1)
26. (3)
27. (4)
28. (2)
29. (4)
30. (2)
31.