Problem 1

A box contains 5 red balls and 8 violet. A ball is removed and replaced by two of the
other color and then a second ball is drawn. Calculate:

1 The probability that the second ball is violet.

2 The probability that both balls drawn from the box are the same color.

Problem 2
In a class in which all students practice at least one sport, 60% of students play soccer
or basketball and 10% practice both sports. If there is also 60% that do not play soccer,
calculate the probability that a student chosen at random from the class:

1 Plays soccer only.

2 Plays basketball only.

3 Plays only one of the sports.

4 Plays neither soccer nor basketball.

Problem 3:
In a city, 40% of the population have brown hair, 25% have brown eyes and 15% have
both brown hair and eyes. A person is chosen at random.

1 If they have brown hair, what is the probability that they also have brown
eyes?

2 If they have brown eyes, what is the probability of them not having brown
hair?

3 What is the probability of them having neither brown hair nor brown eyes?

Problem 4
In a classroom there are 100 pupils, of whom 40 are boys, 30 wear glasses, and 15 are
boys who wear glasses. If one student from the class is randomly selected:

1 What is the probability that the student will be a girl who does not wear
glasses?

2 If we know that the student selected does not wear glasses, what
probability that it will be a boy?

Problem 5
There are two boxes. Box A contains 6 red balls and 4 blue balls and Box B contains 4
red balls and 8 blue balls. A die is rolled, if the number is less than 3, a ball is selected
from box A. If the result is 3 or more, a ball is selected from Box B. Calculate:

1 The probability that the ball will be red and selected from Box B.

2 The probability that the ball will be blue.

Problem 6

In order to write an exam, a student needs an alarm clock to wake up, which has proven
to successfully wake him 80% of the time. If he hears the alarm in the morning the
probability of writing the test is 0.9 and if he doesnt hear the alarm the probability is
0.5.

1 If he writes the test what is the probability that he heard the alarm clock?

2 If he doesnt write the test: what is the probability that he didnt hear the
alarm clock?

Problem 7
On a shelf there are 60 novels and 20 poetry books. Person A chooses a book at random
off the shelf and leaves with it. Shortly after, Person B chooses another book at random.
Calculate:

1 The probability that the book selected by Person B is a novel?

2 If it is known that Person B chose a novel: what is the probability that the
book selected by Person A was a poetry book?

Problem 8
It is determined that 25 of every 100 men and 600 of every 1,000 women wear glasses.
If the number of women in a particular room is four times more than that of men,
calculate the probability of:

1 A person without glasses being randomly selected.

2 A woman with glasses being randomly selected.

Problem 9
There are three sets of key rings A, B and C, for a house. The first set has five keys,
the second has seven and the third has eight, of which only one key in each set opens
the door to the store room. A keychain is chose at random followed by a key from the
set.

1 What is the probability of the selected key being able to open the store
room?

2 What is the probability that the chosen key chain is from the third set and
the key does not open the door?

3 What is the probability that the chosen key opens the door and it came
from the first key chain?

Problem 10
If A and B are two random events with probabilities of p(A) = 1/2, p(B) = 1/3, p(A
B)= 1/4, calculate:

Problem 11
If A and B are two random events with probabilities of p(A) = 1/3, p(B) = 1/4, p(A
= 1/5, calculate:

B)

Problem 12

Students in a high school can choose to study Spanish or French as a foreign

language. In a given academic year, 90% of the pupils choose Spanish and the rest
choose French. 30% of the students who are learning Spanish are boys and 40% who
are studying French are also boys. If a student was randomly selected from this
academic year, what is the probability that it would be a girl?

p(girl) = 0.9 0.7 + 0.1 0.6 = 0.69

Problem 13

Two cards are removed simultaneously from a deck of 48 cards. Calculate the
probability of drawing:

1 Two diamonds.

2 At least one diamond.

3 One diamond and one heart.

Problem 14

A student has studied only 15 of the 25 topics covered in a semester for a

particular class. For the exam, the student is allowed to randomly select two
issues and choose one of the two to write about. Find the probability that the
student will choose one of the topics that he has studied.

Problem 15

A class is formed by 10 boys and 10 girls. Half of the girls and half of the
boys have selected French as their optional subject.

1 What is the probability that a randomly selected student is a boy or

somebody who studies French?

2 What is the probability that a randomly selected student is girl who does
not study French?

Problem 16

A car workshop knows that on an average morning: three cars with electrical
problems, eight with mechanical problems and three with sheet metal problems
arrive at the shop for service. In the afternoon, two cars with electrical problems,
three with mechanical problems and one car with sheet problems also arrive at the
shop.

1 Create a table ordering the data.

2 Calculate the percentages of the cars who arrive in the afternoon.

3 Calculate the percentage of the cars that arrive with mechanical problems.

4 Calculate the probability that a car with electrical problems will arrive in
the morning.

Problem 17

A class consists of six girls and ten boys. If a committee of three is chosen
at random, find the probability of:

1 Three boys being selected.

2 Exactly two boys and a girl being selected.

3 At least one boy being selected.

4 Exactly two girls and a boy being selected.

Problem 18

One box contains three coins. Coin 1 is standard, Coin 2 has two heads and
Coin 3 is rigged so that the probability of getting heads is 1/3. A coin is randomly
selected from the box and thrown into the air. Find the probability of obtaining a
result of heads.

Problem 19

If A and B are both random events.

Calculate:

Problem 20

If A and B are both random events.

Calculate:

Problem 21

A box has 8 red balls, 5 yellow and 7 green. If a ball is extracted at random,
calculate the probability that it will be:

1 Red.

2 Green.

3 Yellow.

4 Not red.

5 Not yellow.

Problem 22

A box contains three red balls and seven blue. Two balls are drawn at
random. Define the sample space and find the probability of events when:

1 The first ball is replaced before the second is drawn.

2 The first ball is not replaced before the second is drawn.

Problem 23

A ball is drawn from a box containing 4 red balls, 5 blue and 6 green. What
is the probability that the ball will be red or blue? What is the probability that it is
blue?

Problem 24

In a class there are 10 blonde girls, 20 brunette girls, 5 blonde boys and 10
brown-haired boys. If all 45 students attend class on a particular day, find the
probability that a student selected at random will be:

1 A boy.

2 A brunette girl.

3 A boy or girl.

Problem 25

A die is rigged so that the probabilities of obtaining the different faces are
proportional to the numbers on the faces (For example: A five is five times more
likely to be rolled than a one). Find:

1 The probability of obtaining a 6.

2 The probability of obtaining an odd number.

Problem 26

Two dice are thrown into the air simultaneously. Calculate:

1 The probability that the sum of the dice will total 7.

2 The probability that the sum of the dice will be an even number.

3 The probability that the sum of the dice will be a multiple of three.

Problem 27

Three die are thrown simultaneously. Calculate the probability of:

1 Obtaining a six in all three die.

2 The sum of the dice equalling 7.

Problem 28

When selecting a domino at random, calculate the probability of the domino

being greater than 9 or a multiple of 4.

Problem 29

Calculate the probability of obtaining the following outcomes when rolling a

die:

1 An even number.

2 A multiple of three.

3 A five or a six.

Problem 30

Find the probability of obtaining the following outcomes when flipping two
coins:

1 Two heads.

2 Two tails.

3 One head and one tail.